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  • 1
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    Decision Support Tools for Water Quality Management (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-28
    Beschreibung: The sustainability of water resources worldwide is increasingly imperiled as climate change contributes to the human-induced problems of water supply scarcity and maldistribution. Environmental problems associated with water quality, such as aquifer depletion, land subsidence, the seasonal drying of river flows, waterlogging, the salinization of rivers and groundwater, and human health problems from the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides will require a radical re-thinking of resource-management policy and new tools to help analysts and regulators craft novel solutions. Over the past several decades, with the advent and rapid progress of computational technology, watershed models have increasingly become important and effective tools for tackling a wide range of water resource and environmental management issues and for supporting regulatory compliance. Statistical and machine-learning methods are being used to support and even supplant more traditional simulation models to improve the estimation of the temporal dynamics and patterns of variability in pollutant concentrations and loads. With the advancements in modeling approaches for water quality, there have also been developments in decision-support tools for water quality management. This reprint describes innovative decision-support approaches from around the world and across sectors that can be applied by stakeholders, government entities, and regulators to reduce environmental pollution and result in cost-effective and sustainable water management strategies.
    Schlagwort(e): tree-ring ; flow reconstruction ; pre-development ; estuarine salinity ; salinity intrusion ; water quality forecasting ; decision support ; WARMF ; regression model ; salinity ; irrigated agriculture ; stakeholder involvement ; stream water quality ; CART ; ID3 ; random forest ; bagging ; boosting ; extremely random trees ; Gradient Boosting ; land use factor ; Decision Support System ; water quality forecast ; MLP neural network ; Daubechies 5 wavelet ; long short-term memory network ; hybrid model ; decomposition-and-ensemble ; CE-QUAL-W2 ; EDSS ; SaaS ; irrigation ; agriculture ; policy ; water ; economics ; model ; conservation practices ; decision making ; nutrients ; sediment ; targeting ; water quality ; chemical footprint ; emerging contaminants ; endocrine-disrupting compounds ; footprint calculator ; personal care products ; remote sensing ; geographical information systems ; watershed management ; ambient monitoring ; data collection ; San Joaquin River ; decision support system ; assimilative capacity ; real-time management economics ; drinking water quality ; operational decision-making ; real-time monitoring ; Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQK Pollution control
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  • 2
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    Antimicrobial Resistance in Environmental Waters (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: This Special Issue on Antimicrobial Resistance in Environmental Waters features 11 articles on the monitoring and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in natural aquatic systems (i.e., reservoirs, rivers), and effluent discharge from water treatment plants to assess the effectiveness of AMR removal and resulting loads in treated waters. Some of the key elements of AMR studies presented in this Special Issue highlight the underlying drivers of AMR contamination in the environment and the evaluation of the hazard imposed on aquatic organisms in receiving environments through ecological risk assessments. As described in this Issue, screening antimicrobial peptide (AMP) libraries for biofilm disruption and antimicrobial candidates are promising avenues for the development of new treatment options to eradicate resistance.
    Schlagwort(e): TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; risk assessment ; reuse water ; Acinetobacter junii ; Escherichia coli ; co-occurrence pattern ; EPS ; wastewater treatment plant ; UV-disinfection ; biofilm ; estuary reservoir ; Environmental Waters ; antibiotic resistance genes ; antimicrobial peptide (AMP) ; wastewater ; tertiary media filtration ; Psl ; antibiotic-resistant strains ; drinking water treatment plants ; water ; sediment ; surface water ; gastrointestinal infections ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; metal resistance genes ; metagenomics ; water reuse ; bacterial community ; antibiotics ; ERIC-PCR ; river-reservoir system ; the Yellow River ; ecological risk assessment ; aquatic environment ; wastewater treatment ; sand settling reservoirs ; antibiotic resistance gene ; environmental ecology ; antibiotic resistance ; ESBL ; water treatment plants ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; chlorination ; irrigation water ; exopolysaccharide ; fecal indicator bacteria ; Antimicrobial Resistance ; persistence ; Qingcaosha reservoir ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
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    Environmental Analysis of Organic Pollutants (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: In recent decades, the environmental impact of organic pollutants, especially persistent and emerging organic pollutants, has attracted widespread attention, and related research has been rapidly developed. Organic pollutants represent a popular topic of research in the environmental field. Large amounts of organic pollutants, which are widely distributed in air, water, sediment, soil, and other environmental media, are created via industrial production and other human activities. A series of research projects have been carried out regarding the development of analytical methods for organic pollutants, the distribution of environmental media, environmental concentration, environmental fate, the exploration of new pollutants, and the non-target analysis of organic pollutants.
    Schlagwort(e): regulated e-waste recycling ; polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) ; heavy metals ; environmental media ; vegetable ; risks ; cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) ; heart failure ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ; trace elements ; serum ; polyhaloaromatic compounds ; chemiluminescence ; analytical method ; Fenton system ; hydroxyl radicals ; bisphenol analogues ; zebrafish ; joint toxicity ; gene expression ; online monitoring ; diagnosis ; PCDD/F ; incineration ; feedback control ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; reference materials (RMs) ; quality control (QC) ; water analysis ; resin ; adsorption ; pore size distribution ; chemical modification ; water treatment ; PCNs ; spatial distribution ; congener ; environmental risk ; sediment ; VOCs ; distribution ; risk assessment ; chemical industrial park ; phthalate ; dietary intake ; DEHP ; DBP ; DIBP ; bottled drink ; PFASs ; QSAR–ICE–SSD ; electroplating industry ; ecological risk assessment ; PAHs ; historical trends ; shallow lake ; economic parameters ; sources ; sediment core ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; HBCD ; EPS ; XPS ; POPs ; tetrabromobisphenol A ; Xenopus laevis ; brain development ; thyroid hormone ; biphasic concentration-response ; composting ; turning frequency ; ammonia oxidizing bacterial ; ammonia oxidizing archaeal ; N fractions ; ammonia emission ; screening assay ; thibz gene ; multiwell plate ; biomass combustion ; CHP plant ; renewable energies ; emission ; organic pollutants ; bisphenol analogs ; oxidative stress ; dechlorane plus ; maternal blood ; sequential samples ; variation ; correlation ; bisphenol A ; emissions ; polypropylene ; bottom sediments ; environmental monitoring ; Odra River estuary ; organotin compounds ; trueness ; verification ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 4
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    Current Advances and Challenges in Ocean Science—Feature Papers for the Founding of Oceans (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: This Special Issue is designed to celebrate the founding of the open-access journal Oceans and is focused on presenting new ideas and advances at the cutting edge of ocean science. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to: ocean geosciences, physics, biogeochemistry, and ecology; ocean ecosystem services and sustainable ocean resource use; and ocean operations and engineering. The fifteen articles published in this Special Issue focus on diverse areas of oceanography, including ocean ecology and biology, ocean geosciences, ocean climate and meteorology, ocean circulation, ocean chemistry and biogeochemistry, ocean resources (e.g., fisheries, aquaculture, and mining), ocean engineering, ocean modeling and ocean governance.
    Schlagwort(e): SIDS ; UN Member States ; sustainable development goal 14 ; SAMOA pathway ; capacity building ; scientific infrastructure ; IAEA ; ocean challenges ; nuclear and isotopic techniques ; ecology ; oceanography ; Portugal ; abundance rate ; nursery ; common dolphin ; Delphinus delphis ; phytoplankton ; zooplankton ; time series ; regime shift ; climate ; nutrients ; composite ; delamination ; seawater ; immersion ; ageing ; Black Sea ; biogeochemical modelling ; seasonal phytoplankton and inter-annual variation ; capture–recapture ; Cayman Islands ; Seychelles ; monitoring ; endangered species ; maximum number of individuals ; photo-identification ; mark-recapture ; movement ecology ; phosphorus ; polyphosphates ; pyrophosphate ; pyrophosphatase activity ; seaweed ; Ulva ; ras al hadd oceanic dipole ; arabian sea ; cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies ; altimetric data ; angular momentum eddy detection and tracking algorithm (AMEDA) ; HYCOM model ; ARGO floats ; carbon cycle ; tropical Atlantic ; dissolved inorganic carbon ; alkalinity ; Demerara Rise ; millennial-scale variability ; Late Quaternary paleoclimate ; seafloor mapping ; vulnerable deep-sea habitats ; deep-sea corals ; chemosynthesis-based communities ; vulnerable marine ecosystem ; Atlantic Ocean ; seismic faults ; slope instabilities ; submarine volcanism ; fluid-flow processes ; bottom currents ; tsunamis ; canyon heads ; tectonic indentation ; multidisciplinary approach ; carbon ; eutrophic ; Hiroshima Bay ; nitrogen ; sulfur ; sediment ; ocean forecasting ; reflexivity ; fisheries ; harmful algal blooms ; coupled natural-human systems ; Anthropocene ocean ; shark ; luminescence ; Etmopteridae ; Dalatiidae ; Somniosidae ; photophore ; hormonal control ; counter-illumination ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 5
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    Relative Sea-Level Changes and their Impact on Coastal Zones (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-08-12
    Beschreibung: In the last few centuries, the study of sea-level changes along the world's shores has been a primary scientific focus in analyses of climate change, but also for scientists exploring past landscape evolution, geomorphological processes, human impacts, and system responses. The relative variation in sea level derives as a result of global, regional, and local processes. All these processes are spatially and temporally variable and cause complex sea-level changes at both regional and local scales. A multidisciplinary approach addressed to palaeo sea-level reconstructions at regional and local scale is the best method to understand the role of natural and anthropogenic forcing in the landscape evolution, as well as to discover the historical human adaptions to natural modifications of the landscape. Definitely, investigating these regional and local patterns is mandatory to reconstruct possible scenarios of the relative sea level rise impacts and to prepare the adaptation of coastal communities threatened by future climate changes. The aim of this Special Issue has been to collect contributions addressing and discussing methodological and multi-disciplinary approaches to studying the regional and local coastal modifications in relation to historical and recent relative sea-level changes to hypothesize future trends.
    Schlagwort(e): sea-level rise ; Mediterranean Sea ; tide gauges ; natural variability ; vertical land motion ; Mississippi River Delta ; Louisiana ; salinity ; sediment ; wetland loss ; estuary ; diversion ; environmental planning ; coastal restoration ; sea level ; coastal erosion ; coastal morphometry ; Baltic Sea ; coastal changes ; vertical ground movements ; geoarchaeology ; 3D model ; relative sea level changes ; Campi Flegrei ; Holocene ; coastal lagoon ; geochronology ; sea level change ; bio-indicators ; climate change ; adaptation costs ; investment decision ; Spain and Portugal coastal cities ; uncertainty ; stochastic model ; coastal dynamics ; erosion ; accretion ; submersion ; boulders ; Medicane ; flow ; UAV ; waves ; coastal barrier ; continuous backstepping pattern ; incised valley ; sapropel S1 ; coastal plains ; relative sea-level rise ; 2100 ; marine submersion ; tide-gauges ; atmospheric variability ; Tyrrhenian sea ; interannual variations ; acqua alta ; well log correlation ; late Quaternary environments ; sea-level changes ; Volturno plain ; southern Italy ; geomorphological coastal changes ; sea storm effects ; integrated 3D remote sensing surveys ; sedimentary dynamics ; western Ligurian sea ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
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    Advances in Remediation of Contaminated Sites: Volume I (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-03-07
    Beschreibung: This reprint is of interest regarding contaminated sites remediation, which integrates the research results within 20 publications covering contaminated sites remediation's full life cycle. They include pollution investigation, environmental fate, pollution control, and review. In addition, the reprint addresses all aspects of contaminated site remediation, including heavy metal pollution, organic pollution, and combined pollution. These results can help to understand the remediation of the contaminated sites in depth throughout the life cycle and help break through the bottleneck of contaminated sites remediation and provide new ideas and methods for the development of contaminated sites remediation.
    Schlagwort(e): magnetic composites ; tetracycline ; adsorption ; advanced oxidation processes ; solid waste ; soil contamination ; biochar ; Brassica campestris L. ; Cd ; Pb ; hexavalent chromium ; chrome plating site ; pollution distribution ; leachability ; speciation ; site investigation ; in situ pXRF ; multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) ; heavy metals ; rapid field screening ; bone char ; hydrogen peroxide treatment ; cadmium ; adsorption mechanism ; ion interchange ; BDE-209 ; soil suspension ; photodegradation ; products ; mechanism ; surface sediment ; ecological risk assessment ; Pearl Bay ; heavy metal ; sediment ; ecological risk ; Shantou Bay ; copper ; water spinach ; antioxidant enzymes ; microbial community ; tailings pond ; form ; rhizosphere ; miscanthus floridulus ; electroplating factory ; groundwater ; soil ; multivariable analysis ; environmental evaluation ; penetration curve ; petroleum pollution ; PHE ; soil column ; typical oilfields ; vertical migration ; soil remediation ; cadmium contamination ; recent advances ; challenges and prospects ; winter jujube ; Yellow River Delta ; granular-activated carbon ; polybrominated diphenyl ethers ; Triton X-100 ; soil-washing effluent ; density functional theory calculation ; human-health risk ; numerical simulation ; polyethylene ; phenanthrene ; soil properties ; soil enzyme ; pyrite ; AMD ; surface passivation ; band bending ; lead ; ecotype ; accumulation and translocation ; Cr(VI) ; migration ; model ; slag ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
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    Cyanotoxins in Bloom (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-06
    Beschreibung: At present, cyanobacteria and their toxins (also known as cyanotoxins) constitute a major threat for freshwater resources worldwide. Cyanotoxin occurrence in water bodies around the globe is constantly increasing, whereas emerging, less studied or completely new variants and congeners of various chemical classes of cyanotoxins, as well as their degradation/transformation products are often detected. In addition to planctic cyanobacteria, benthic cyanobacteria, in many cases, appear to be important toxin producers, although far less studied and more difficult to manage and control. This Special Issue highlights novel research results on the structural diversity of cyanotoxins from planktic and benthic cyanobacteria, as well as on their expanding global geographical spread in freshwaters.
    Schlagwort(e): Meiktila Lake ; Raphidiopsis ; Microcystis ; cylindrospermopsin ; deoxycylindrospermopsin ; microcystin ; cyanobacteria ; cyanopeptides ; harmful bloom ; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ; global natural product social networking (GNPS) ; dereplication strategy ; earthquakes ; harmful algal blooms ; sediment ; sediment cores ; co-occurrence ; toxicity ; plastics ; metals ; biocide ; anatoxin-a ; dihydroanatoxin-a ; Tychonema ; neurotoxicosis ; cyanotoxins ; macrophytes ; benthic ; tychoplanktic ; reservoir ; Maumee Bay ; Sandusky Bay ; Planktothrix ; anatoxin ; cyanotoxin detection ; harmful cyanobacterial blooms ; next-generation biomonitoring ; real-time PCR ; qPCR ; LC-MS/MS ; saxitoxin ; ESI-LC-MS/MS ; 16S rRNA phylogeny ; Azores ; eutrophication ; long term monitoring ; water quality ; microcystins ; anabaenopeptins ; microginins ; aeruginosins ; aeruginosamide ; SPE ; Lake Vegoritis ; deep-chlorophyll layers (DCLs) ; cyanobacterial toxins ; allelopathy ; bioactive metabolites ; hypoxia ; Georgian Bay ; peptide ; NRPS ; anabaenopeptin ; Synechococcus ; temperate lakes ; cyanotoxins (CTs) ; microcystins (MCs) ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; taste and odor (T&O) compounds ; SPE-LC-MS/MS ; HS-SPME-GC/MS ; LC–qTRAP MS/MS ; fragmentation spectra ; structure elucidation ; cyanobacterial metabolites ; Greek freshwaters ; planktonic cyanobacteria ; blooms ; monitoring ; analysis ; mass spectrometry ; Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) ; fish tissue ; shellfish ; detection methods ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 8
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    Elemental Concentration and Pollution in Soil, Water, and Sediment (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-06
    Beschreibung: This book, entitled “Elemental Concentration and Pollution in Soil, Water, and Sediment”, presents an updated overview of the main trace elements in living organisms. This collection brings researchers from different fields together, including those from biogeochemistry and ecotoxicology in various environmental media, in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental fate of trace elements in their biogeochemical cycles for different ecosystems.
    Schlagwort(e): marine sediments ; trace metals ; speciation ; contamination ; San Simon Bay ; soil remediation ; toxicity bioassays ; humic substances ; calcium carbonate ; iron oxides ; polyphenolic compounds ; heavy metals ; soil ; enrichment factor ; geoaccumulation index ; contamination factor ; pollution indices ; soil contamination ; geogenic and anthropogenic origin ; iron ore deposits ; tailing dumps ; seepage water ; water balance of the enterprise ; metals ; p-arsanilic acid ; adsorption ; natural fluorine-enriched soil ; natural sources ; chemical extraction resistance ; low washing efficiency ; lacustrine sediments ; geochemical mapping ; spatial distribution ; contamination assessment ; environmental risk assessments ; sediment quality guidelines ; pollution ; bottom sediments ; river ; acid mine drainage ; abandoned coal mine ; potentially toxic elements ; pollution level ; potential ecological risk ; sewage sludge ; calcareous soil ; extraction DTPA ; crop ; transfer ; long time ; engineered nanoparticles ; organic matter ; phosphorus ; nutrients ; volcanic soil ; agricultural land contamination ; sediment ; irrigation canal ; heavy metal ; copper ; cadmium ; Daphnia pulex ; ecotoxicology ; LC50 ; ecological risk assessment ; karst areas ; soil properties ; urban ecology ; trace metal pollution ; soil organisms ; diversity ; Western Siberia ; snow pollution ; trace metals and metalloids ; atmospheric depositions ; solubility ; sediments ; bioindicators ; geochemical background ; risk assessment code ; sequential extraction ; groundwater ; precipitation ; caustic calcined magnesia (CCM) ; permeable reactive barrier (PRB) ; natural water ; water quality ; Arctic region ; elemental composition ; springs ; QR code ; modern sedimentation processes ; mineralogy ; geochemistry ; authigenic minerals ; hydrogen sulfide contamination ; arid climate ; Caspian Sea ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
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    Transport, Persistence and Toxicity of Pollutants in the Sea (2024)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-08
    Beschreibung: This reprint describes the fate of pollutants transported to the sea from the mainland and how they accumulate in the marine environment and organisms. This will contribute to increasing the knowledge on the dangers of pollutants that reach the marine environment and their fate once they enter the marine food chain. We also hope to improve knowledge on the effects of the pollutant load on the sea during all the seasons, due to the contribution of rivers, rainfall, etc., and the relative influence on marine organisms.
    Schlagwort(e): Adriatic Sea ; Neretva Channel ; sediment dynamics ; age model ; metal concentrations ; toxic element ; Mediterranean Sea ; sponges ; biomonitoring ; northern Adriatic Sea ; anthropic signal ; trace metals concentration ; marine sediments ; zoobenthos ; sentinel species ; suspension feeders ; water pollutants ; bioaccumulation ; heavy metals ; trace metals ; beach sediments ; coastal processes ; lithology ; pollution indicators ; surficial sediments ; central western Adriatic Sea ; marine dumping area ; heavy metal ; dredged material ; benthic community ; Huangmao Island ; review ; DNA methylation ; genetic polymorphisms ; ecogenetics ; anthropology ; environmental pollutants ; methylmercury ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; seafood ; PAH ; PCB ; neritic environment ; seawater ; sediment ; biota ; partition ; contamination ; Ionian Sea ; Tyrrhenian Sea ; database ; meta-analysis ; contaminants ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control
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  • 10
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    Modeling and Practice of Erosion and Sediment Transport under Change (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: Climate and anthropogenic changes impact the conditions of erosion and sediment transport in rivers. Rainfall variability and, in many places, the increase of rainfall intensity have a direct impact on rainfall erosivity. Increasing changes in demography have led to the acceleration of land cover changes in natural areas, as well as in cultivated areas, and, sometimes, in degraded areas and desertified landscapes. These anthropogenized landscapes are more sensitive to erosion. On the other hand, the increase in the number of dams in watersheds traps a great portion of sediment fluxes, which do not reach the sea in the same amount, nor at the same quality, with consequences on coastal geomorphodynamics. This book is dedicated to studies on sediment fluxes from continental areas to coastal areas, as well as observation, modeling, and impact analysis at different scales from watershed slopes to the outputs of large river basins. This book is concentrated on a number of keywords: “erosion” and “sediment transport”, “model” and “practice”, and “change”. The keywords are briefly discussed with respect to the relevant literature. The contributions in this book address observations and models based on laboratory and field data, allowing researchers to make use of such resources in practice under changing conditions.
    Schlagwort(e): TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; proglacial channels ; watershed ; practice ; modeling ; reservoirs ; degradation ; rill development ; Mediterranean Maghreb Basin ; urban drainage system ; fluvial erosion ; Wadi Mina ; Algeria ; sewer systems ; climate change ; phosphorus ; complex morphodynamics ; incipient deposition ; riverbed ; limiting tractive force ; ruptures ; runoff ; flooding ; soil loss ; suspended sediment ; sedimentation ; sediment ; transfer ; erosion ; specific degradation ; soil erosion ; Xihe River Basin ; water fluxes ; sediment fluxes ; environmental change ; field measurements ; dynamical downscaling ; mixed-size bed material ; two-phase flow ; agriculture ; sloping flume experiments ; mitigation measures ; bed load transport ; shear stress ; flow discharge ; GSD ; shear Reynolds number ; Anthropocene ; human activities ; deposition ; sediment delivery ; soil slurry ; SMBA Dam ; bedload transport ; aggradation ; Czech Republic ; sediment transport ; self-cleansing ; erosion topography ; CCHE1D ; sediment retention ; SWAT model ; migration ; water quality modelling ; hillside reservoirs ; erosion modelling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 11
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    Road Dust in Urban and Industrial Environments (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-07-06
    Beschreibung: This book brings together the results of field, experimental, and modeling studies related to road dust and its various size fractions as a key issue in understanding the relationships between several urban and industrial environments, and in the identification of pollution sources. The book is intended for professionals, researchers, and academicians who want to learn about new research findings regarding the chemical composition of road dust and its source, assessments of road dust and aerosol pollution levels (including express technique), environmental hazards and public health risks, the distribution of stable and radioactive isotopes in road dust, the determination of factors affecting the level of dust accumulation on roads and the intensity of its pollution, and the effect of road dust on the atmosphere and other environments. The book also provides data on some of the current challenges in studying road dust, including various aspects of the formation, transport pathways, and accumulation of road dust in urban, industrial and other areas.
    Schlagwort(e): urban sediment ; urban landscape ; sediment transport ; municipal service ; earthworks ; environmental management ; potentially toxic metal ; road dust ; industrial area ; pollution assessment ; ecological risk ; heavy metals ; Mexico City ; urban pollution ; urban form ; color indices ; redness ; hue ; saturation ; lead ; pollution ; gross alpha activity ; gross beta activity urban environment ; sediment ; size fraction ; urban environment ; residential area ; urban surface deposited sediments ; technogenic particles ; slag ; spherules ; microplastic ; plaster ; urban dust ; metal concentration ; multi-stable isotopes (13C, 207/206Pb) ; contamination assessment ; source identification ; particulate matter ; source apportionment analysis ; health risk assessment ; Huludao ; PM10 ; dust resuspension ; sediment load ; non-exhaust emissions ; chemical profile ; enrichment factors ; Colombia ; geo-accumulation index ; inhalation ; resuspension ; cancer ; fugitive dust ; unpaved roads ; emission factors ; paved roads ; emission rates ; metals ; street dust ; enrichment factor ; Vietnam ; ultrafine particles ; UFP ; aerosolization ; incidental nanoparticles ; air pollution ; dry sieving ; human health risk ; exposure ; optical analysis ; Western Siberia ; potentially toxic elements ; traffic-related contamination ; road dust and road pavement ; particle size distribution ; source apportionment ; environmental interactions ; toxic elements and compounds ; nanoparticles and microplastic ; spatial variation and modeling ; health and ecological risks ; mitigation strategies ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control
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  • 12
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    Freshwater Macroinvertebrates: Main Gaps and Future Trends (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-28
    Beschreibung: Freshwater macroinvertebrates play a crucial role in linking sediments and their processes to the food web. Indeed, environmental modifications (e.g., nitrogen deposition, salinity, and temperature increase), pollution (e.g., pesticides and heavy metals), and introduction of alien species are the main drivers of changes that are affecting their communities. This Special Issue aims to present the past and present knowledge on freshwater macroinvertebrates to understand their role as providers of ecosystem services, to highlight the effects of global changes on their community (in the short and long term), and to underline major gaps in their study. Finally, in order to tackle the currently unsustainable use of freshwater natural capital, we welcome ideas and expert opinions on the development of future research linked to national and international regulations.
    Schlagwort(e): biological quality element ; chemical analysis ; Chironomus riparius ; DDTs ; legacy contaminants ; PCBs ; POP ; standard ecotoxicological tests ; Water Framework Directive ; lakes ; invasion biology ; non-indigenous species ; Procambarus Clarkii ; Pacifastacus Leniusculus ; Orconectes Limosus ; snails ; endemic species ; invasive species ; random forest model ; multivariate analysis ; partial dependence analysis ; calcrete aquifer ; epikarst ; hyporheal ; hypotelminorheal ; stygobiont ; bioassessment ; temporal trend ; altitude ; climate ; insects ; grain-size ; sediment ; macroinvertebrates ; ecological status ; multimetric indices ; coevolution ; epizoosis ; grazing ; periphyton ; scrapers ; indices and metrics ; sediment quality ; St. Lawrence River ; highly humic lakes ; ecological status assessment ; saprobic index ; general degradation index ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 13
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    Mercury and Methylmercury Contamination of Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-01
    Beschreibung: This Special Issue aims to provide new insights into the issue of the mercury contamination of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This ubiquitous contaminant has been used by humans for many years, resulting in global contamination. When this toxic contaminant is converted to methylmercury, it accumulates in trophic chains, which is a major issue for wildlife and human health. The nine articles contained within this Special Issue on ‘‘Mercury and Methylmercury Contamination of Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems’’ endeavour to identify the historical evolution of Hg and MeHg levels in aquatic environments, and to evaluate the impact of current and historical human activities, such as mining, climate change, and soil erosion, on receptor ecosystems and food chains.
    Schlagwort(e): Cytotoxicity ; erythrocytes ; methylmercury ; malondialdehyde ; in vitro ; superoxide dismutase ; mercury ; PQMI ; Palawan ; abandoned mines ; mine wastes ; sediments ; mussel ; mussel watch ; Mytilus ; St. Lawrence ; sediment ; water ; SPM ; gold mining ; French Guiana ; monomethylmercury ; water–sediment interface ; diel and seasonal cycles ; photodegradation ; particulate mercury ; suspended particulate matter ; particulate organic carbon ; Amazon rainforest ; mammoth fauna mammals ; hair ; environmental changes ; paleoclimate ; Pleistocene ; Yakutia ; lakes ; wet deposition ; ecological restoration ; mercury mobility ; microbial activities ; biogeochemistry ; gold mining activities ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Restaurer les milieux et prévenir les inondations grâce au génie végétal (2021)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: Public policies in France and in Europe obligate decision makers to consider an integrated management of habitats and territories that combines several benefits. This book provides innovative vegetation engineering solutions for reconciling habitat restoration with flood prevention.
    Schlagwort(e): flood ; ecology ; watershed ; natural risk ; vegetation ; sediment ; mountain ; erosion ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNF Hydraulic engineering::TNFL Flood control
    Sprache: Französisch
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  • 15
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    Removal of Organic Pollution in Water Environment (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: The development of civilization entails a growing demand for consumer goods. A side effect of the production and use of these materials is the production of solid waste and wastewater. Municipal and industrial wastewater usually contains a large amount of various organic compounds and is the main source of pollution of the aquatic environment. Therefore, the search for effective methods of wastewater and other polluted water treatment is an important element of caring for the natural environment. This book presents research on the determination and removal of environmentally hazardous organic compounds from aqueous samples. The articles included in this book describe the results of examinations, at the laboratory scale, of the efficiency of chemical as well as physical processes for the removal or degradation of selected model pollutants. Environmental studies, especially those concerning the determination of trace impurities, require effective isolation and concentration procedures. The methods used for this purpose should meet the requirements of green chemistry. The liquid phase microextraction procedures and use of electrochemical methods described in this book seem to be proper for environmental studies, as they are effective and environmentally friendly.
    Schlagwort(e): QD1-999 ; Q1-390 ; photodegradation ; emerging organic contaminants ; salicylic acid ; biosorption ; doxazosin maleate ; boron-doped diamond electrode ; sulfasalazine ; continuous liquid–liquid extraction ; water environment ; electrochemical degradation ; chlorinated intermediates ; isotherm adsorption models ; water ; pollutants ; sediment ; ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction ; emerging contaminants ; electrochemical oxidation ; selective sorbent ; water remediation ; HPLC-UV ; sulfate radical ; boron doped diamond ; nickel aluminate ; advanced oxidation processes ; chemical oxygen demand ; hormones ; liquid-liquid continuous extraction ; organic pollutant ; run-off water ; DFT study ; biocides ; DLLME-SFO ; precious metals ; budesonide ; solidification of floating organic droplet ; flame retardants ; wastewater purification ; graphene quantum dots ; PBDE ; disinfection by-products ; 1-undecanol ; photocatalysis ; total petroleum hydrocarbon ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; EOCs determination ; environmental samples ; groundwater ; fractional distillation ; spinel ; hydroxyl radical ; removal of organic compounds ; Guarani aquifer ; density functional theory ; persistent organic pollutants ; hydroxyl radicals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Advances in Remediation of Environmental Pollutants for Sustainable Development (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-04-05
    Beschreibung: Environmental quality is crucial to our health, economy, lives, and for future generations. However, during the last few years, we have faced several serious challenges, which include, but are not limited to, climate change, unsustainable consumption and production, as well as various forms of pollution. These challenges are of global concerns for the sustainable development of human beings. This reprint has collected review and research papers aimed at a wide range of environmental topics: water and wastewater treatment and management, soil degradation and conservation, pollution control, the environmental impact of technologies, air quality and the indoor environment, and advanced environmental materials. Analytical methods developed for the determination of environmental pollutants were also welcomed. Papers dealing in the synthesis of adsorbents for the solid-phase extraction of environmental pollutants also fell within the scope of this Special Issue. Contributions describing novel and significant knowledge, scientific results, and advanced applications in the field of environmental sciences and technology were also welcomed. This reprint provides an integrated view of the trends in solving the problems associated with the achievement of sustainability in environmental technology.
    Schlagwort(e): hydrothermal activation treatment ; recycling technology ; heavy metal ; ion exchange ; attached growth process ; biological treatment ; biofilm ; membrane fouling ; rotating biological contactors ; wastewater treatment ; image processing ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; feature recognition ; image segmentation ; color space ; floods ; sediment ; biomass ; protein source ; Eisenia foetida ; vermicomposting ; organic waste ; cultivation media ; water treatment ; solar disinfection ; pre-treatment ; mechanism ; SODIS system ; alginate beads ; C. oleofaciens ; immobilisation ; green microalgae ; POME treatment ; post-treatment ; coagulation–adsorption ; membrane ; organic matter ; peat water ; ultrafiltration ; polysulfone ; sustainability ; effluent treatment ; dyes ; bioremediation ; bacteria ; wastewater ; textile ; consortium ; BES ; bioreactor ; Solanum incanum ; isotherm ; adsorption ; methylene blue ; exothermic ; heavy metals ; Kerian River ; pollution ; anthropogenic activities ; water quality ; banana peel biochar ; reactive black 5 ; kinetic ; phytotoxicity ; tomato ; energy consumption ; greenhouse gas emissions ; energy efficiency ; elevator ; buildings ; solar distiller ; water temperature ; pathogens removal ; rural areas ; sun-tracking system ; cost-effective water production ; water scarcity ; SARS-CoV-2 ; heavy metal phytostabilization ; bioaccumulation and translocation factors ; vegetation ; coal fly and bottom ash landfill ; interaction of plant species and location ; hybrid models ; air pollution modelling ; feature selection ; wrapper method ; artificial neural network ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 17
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    Sediment Transport in Coastal Waters (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-01-31
    Beschreibung: The interface of 440,000 km long coastline in the world is subject to global change, with an increasing human pressure (land use, buildings, sand mining, dredging) and increasing population. Improving our knowledge on involved mechanisms and sediment transport processes, monitoring the evolution of sedimentary stocks and anticipating changes in littoral and coastal zones is essential for this purpose. The special issue of Water on “Sediment transport in coastal waters” gathers thirteen papers which introduce the current revolution in the scientific research related to coastal and littoral hydrosedimentary dynamics, and reflect the diversity of concerns on which research in coastal sediment transport is based, and current trends — topics and preferred methods — to address them.
    Schlagwort(e): GC1-1581 ; Q1-390 ; Cluster analysis ; spit breaching ; Support Vector Regression (SVR) ; sediment trap ; typhoons ; trend ; delta vulnerability ; suspended particulate matter ; morphodynamics ; New Caledonia ; particle transfer process ; nearshore processes ; Bight of Benin ; remote sensing reflectance ; coastal erosion ; analysis of variance (ANOVA) ; climate change ; dry season ; South China Sea ; geochemical map ; geochemistry ; non-cohesive to cohesive transition ; oligotrophic lagoon ; Seto Inland Sea ; suspended sediment ; flocculation ; sediment ; sedimentation ; numerical modelling ; SWAT ; water scarcity ; sand ; shoreline ; erosion ; bathymetry ; Tafna catchment ; aggregates ; soil erosion ; mud ; longshore sediment transport ; turbidity ; cohesive sediments ; ERA hindcast waves ; Langue de Barbarie spit ; tidal current ; fresh water runoff ; Mahalanobis’ generalized distances ; East Coast Low ; seagrass beds ; coastal management ; sand-mud mixture erosion ; North Africa ; recovery ; seasonal cycle ; remote-sensing ; Ni mining ; Southeast Australia ; non cohesive sediments ; Vietnam ; storminess ; river-mouth migration ; coastal hydraulics ; bedload ; Senegal River delta ; resilience ; biomass ; oceanic water intrusion ; reflectance ; seabed colour ; river plume ; hydrodynamics ; MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ; post-storm recovery ; lagoon ; sediment transport modelling ; monsoon ; sediment transport ; Mekong ; winter monsoon ; mathematical model ; bed shear stress ; waves forcing ; coral reef ; storms
    Sprache: Englisch
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    L'acidification des océans (2024)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-06
    Beschreibung: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels by human activity, reinforce the greenhouse effect and cause climate disruption. While public awareness of this global problem is growing, ocean acidification, described as "the other CO2 problem", is still largely unknown. This book answers ten key questions on the biogeochemical foundations of acidification, past, current and future trends, the impact on marine organisms and on humans, and finally, ways to remedy the situation. It draws its answers from fields as diverse as biogeochemistry, ecology, physiology, evolution, aquaculture and fisheries, economics and sociology.
    Schlagwort(e): seaweed ; aquaculture ; biodiversity ; climate ; shellfish ; crustacean ; sustainable development ; seawater ; ecology ; ecosystem ; seabed ; fisheries ; oyster ; sea ; mollusc ; oceanography ; fish ; pollution ; seafood ; forecast ; fisheries resources ; sediment ; toxicity ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans) ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest::WNCS1 Sea life and the seashore: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change
    Sprache: Französisch
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    Les grands lacs à l'épreuve de l'anthropocène (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-06
    Beschreibung: Many of the world's large lakes are, in fact, not large enough to cope with the uses to which they are put by human activities, as they have been going on for over a century. The limits of these continental-scale macro-ecosystems are reflected in a whole series of pathologies that affect them and are accompanied by a deterioration in the ecosystem services provided: fishing, water supply, self-purification, dilution of pollution, cultural and recreational services, etc. In addition, all of the tensions involved are now exercised in a context of multi-stress due to climate change. The "large lake" size, inertia and complexity with which it endows the systems concerned, results in new conditions of exposure and responses, difficult to integrate in terms of management. The book offers a multidisciplinary analysis of various restoration experiments carried out on large lakes around the world (successes and failures). Rich in lessons on the safeguarding and preservation of the world's lake heritage, this study opens up avenues of reflection on the future ecological challenges to be met in order to prepare the "lake-watershed-society" systems for the new situation, in terms of climate and pollution. This book is intended for students, teachers and researchers, lake managers, as well as the general public interested in the preservation and restoration of large lakes.
    Schlagwort(e): human activity ; algae ; watershed ; biodiversity ; climate ; contamination ; economic development ; water ; freshwater ; ecosystem ; hydrology ; lake ; pesticide ; fish farming ; public policy ; pollution ; prevention ; sediment ; stress ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPF Freshwater biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest::WNCS2 Freshwater life: general interest
    Sprache: Französisch
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    Tracking the Deep Biosphere through Time (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records of the deep biosphere. Deciphering the fossil record of the deep biosphere is a challenging task but, when successful, will unlock doors to life’s cryptic past.
    Schlagwort(e): Impact structure ; fungal hyphae ; in situ radiometric dating ; secondary minerals ; stable isotopes ; subsurface ; sediment ; bacteria ; archaea ; deep biosphere ; clay authigenesis ; fossil fungi ; igneous crust ; cryptoendoliths ; subseafloor habitats ; fossilized microorganisms ; Ophiolite ; bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) ; calcifying bacteria selection ; calcifying mixed cultures ; ImageJ software ; Biolog EcoPlates ; sand biocementation ; carbon isotopes ; diagenetic carbonates ; methanogenesis ; anaerobic methane oxidation ; Wood–Ljungdahl pathway ; in situ U-Pb geochronology ; Caledonides ; deep drilling (COSC-1) ; geobiology ; deep time ; geochronology ; microorganisms ; evolution ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Monitoring, Modelling and Management of Water Quality (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-28
    Beschreibung: Different types of pressures, such as nutrients, micropollutants, microbes, nanoparticles, microplastics, or antibiotic-resistant genes, endanger the quality of water bodies. Evidence-based pollution control needs to be built on the three basic elements of water governance: Monitoring, modeling, and management. Monitoring sets the empirical basis by providing space- and time-dependent information on substance concentrations and loads, as well as driving boundary conditions for assessing water quality trends, water quality statuses, and providing necessary information for the calibration and validation of models. Modeling needs proper system understanding and helps to derive information for times and locations where no monitoring is done or possible. Possible applications are risk assessments for exceedance of quality standards, assessment of regionalized relevance of sources and pathways of pollution, effectiveness of measures, bundles of measures or policies, and assessment of future developments as scenarios or forecasts. Management relies on this information and translates it in a socioeconomic context into specific plans for implementation. Evaluation of success of management plans again includes well-defined monitoring strategies. This book provides an important overview in this context.
    Schlagwort(e): diffuse pollution ; field mapping ; storm drains ; Bayesian statistics ; distributed modelling ; PhosFate ; water quality ; analysis method ; chromaticity measurement ; surface fitting ; concentration of dissolved matter ; Copernicus Programme ; ACOLITE ; flooding ; quasi-real time monitoring ; inundation mapping ; suspended matter ; Spain ; cyanobacteria ; Microcystis aeruginosa ; water ; monitoring ; spectrophotometry ; derivative absorbance ; model evaluation ; nitrogen ; nutrient retention ; phosphorus ; sediment ; constructed wetland ; water resources management ; eutrophication ; unmanned surface vehicle ; water monitoring ; ensemble learning ; dynamic power management ; observational process ontology ; water quality monitoring ; water pollution alert ; semantic discovery ; water quality status ; sources and pathways ; land cover ; digital elevation model ; urban river ; ArcGIS ; modeling ; CSO ; urban drainage ; sewer system ; trace pollutants ; urban runoff ; concentration duration frequency curve ; MONERIS ; diffuse nutrient emission ; empirical modeling ; river basin management plan of Hungary ; effectiveness of measures ; scenarios and forecasts ; socioeconomic context ; sources and pathways of water pollution ; system understanding ; water governance ; water quality statuses and trends ; water pollution control ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQK Pollution control
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Remote Sensing of the Aquatic Environments (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-28
    Beschreibung: The book highlights recent research efforts in the monitoring of aquatic districts with remote sensing observations and proximal sensing technology integrated with laboratory measurements. Optical satellite imagery gathered at spatial resolutions down to few meters has been used for quantitative estimations of harmful algal bloom extent and Chl-a mapping, as well as winds and currents from SAR acquisitions. The knowledge and understanding gained from this book can be used for the sustainable management of bodies of water across our planet.
    Schlagwort(e): polymer optical fibers ; ammonia detection ; optical fiber coating ; aquaculture ; French Alps ; optical remote sensing ; multitemporal ; linear spectral unmixing ; NDVI ; drought ; Rana temporaria ; ecohydrology ; mountain temporary pools ; Lake Tana ; water hyacinth ; waterbody temperature ; turbidity ; lake level ; Planetscope ; remote sensing ; sensors ; ocean color ; sediment ; turbid water ; chlorophyll ; geostationary satellite ; aquaculture ponds ; extraction ; inland lake ; self-attention ; Ulva ; Sentinel-2 ; satellite ; algal bloom ; coral reefs ; Pacific lagoons ; HAB ; multi-source remote sensing ; MODIS ; Landsat ; sentinel ; Chaohu Lake ; ecological status class of lakes ; European Union Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) ; water quality parameters ; water level ; Sentinel-3 ; Cryosat-2 ; shallow lakes ; synergy ; altimetry data ; optical data ; CDOM absorbance ; spectroscopic indices ; DOC ; Arctic ; shelf seas ; estuarial and coastal areas ; drone applications ; surface water ; groundwater ; photogrammetry ; optical sensing ; thermal infrared ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; chlorophyll-a ; hydrodynamic model ; empirical models ; multiple regression ; Paldang Reservoir ; SAR ; Doppler Centroid Anomaly ; inland waters ; physical limnology ; hydrodynamics ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ecological and Health Risk of Soils, Sediments, and Water Contamination (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: The papers in this SI present valuable results in the topics of soils, sediments, and water contamination according to the consideration of ecological and health risk. They also point out open questions and possible avenues for future research. Biochar application can benefit both soil conservation and contamination, but further research should be conducted to investigate whether these positive effects can be extended to the field scale. Similar to biochar, scale-up design will be helpful for thin-layer capping in in situ sediments using mixed active amendments. Both physiochemical analysis and bioassays mutually supported the evaluation results of river water quality. However, we need better approaches and policies for management to prevent further contamination from the discharge of untreated industrial and domestic waste into this aquatic ecosystem. The use of microorganisms to eliminate antibiotics is a promising strategy, but future work should verify the biodegradation ability of antibiotic-degrading bacteria in wastewater treatment plants.
    Schlagwort(e): heavy metal ; pollution ; antioxidant ; enzyme ; biomarkers ; ecological risk ; bioaccessibility ; cadmium ; chemical form ; husk biochar ; risk assessment ; active capping ; toxic metal ; sediment ; remediation ; multiple materials ; mercury ; methylmercury ; salinity ; biochar ; organic carbon ; nutrients ; leaching ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; sludge ; antibiotics ; biodegradation ; bioassays ; gold mining ; health risk ; microbiological indicators ; mutagenicity ; toxicity ; green and sustainable remediation ; SDGs ; thin-layer capping ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: This Special Issue titled “Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Management” presents 13 chapters organized into four main parts. The first part deals with assessment of soil erosion that covers historical sediment dating to understand past environmental impacts due to tillage; laboratory simulation to clarify the effect of soil surface microtopography; integrated field observation and the random forest machine learning algorithm to assess watershed-scale soil erosion assessment; and developing the sediment delivery distributed (SEDD) model for sub-watershed erosion risk prioritization. In Part II, the factors controlling soil erosion and vegetation degradation as influenced by topographic positions and climatic regions; long-term land use change; and improper implementation of land management measures are well dealt with. Part III presents different land management technologies that could reduce soil erosion at various spatial scales; improve land productivity of marginal lands with soil microbes; and reclaim degraded farmland using dredged reservoir sediments. The final part relates livelihood diversification to climate vulnerability as well as the coping strategy to the adverse impacts of soil erosion through sustainable land management implementation which opens prospects for policy formulation. The studies cover regions of Africa, Europe, North America and Asia, being dominantly conducted under the framework of international scientific collaborations through employing a range techniques and scales, from the laboratory to watershed scales. We believe those unique features of the book could attract the interest of the wider scientific community worldwide.
    Schlagwort(e): Herfindahl–Simpson diversity index ; multivariate probit ; drought prone ; ordered probit ; livelihood diversification ; sustainable land management ; sediment ; land use ; erosion crises ; environmental impact ; climate change ; drought ; livelihood vulnerability ; Shannon-entropy index ; splash erosion ; rainfall simulator ; splash cup ; soil loss ; soil detachment ; disdrometer ; rainfall kinetic energy ; polyacrylamide ; gypsum ; lime ; runoff ; dryland ; Erosion rate ; ANFIS ; ANN ; SVM ; Shihmen Reservoir watershed ; Acacia decurrens ; Eucalyptus ; drought-prone ; highland ; midland ; lowland ; marginal soil ; land degradation ; endemic plant species ; soil microbes ; arid regions ; bacteria ; degraded land ; fungi ; ITS ; microbial community ; restoration ; 16S rRNA ; Gully Land Consolidation ; backfilled loess ; physical-mechanical property ; microstructural characteristic ; pore size distribution ; sediment transport ; soil erosion ; RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model) ; human activities ; sediment delivery distributed model ; sediment yield ; SEDD ; sediment delivery ratio ; β coefficient ; micro-dam ; sedimentation ; reclaimed farmland ; constructability ; Ethiopian highlands ; soil organic carbon ; structure stability ; soil type ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Taxonomy and Ecology of Marine Algae (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-21
    Beschreibung: The term “algae” refers to a large diversity of unrelated phylogenetic entities, ranging from picoplanktonic cells to macroalgal kelps. Marine algae are an important primary producer in the marine food chain, responsible for the high primary production of coastal areas, providing food resources in situ for many grazing species of gastropods, peracarid crustaceans, sea urchins or fish. Recent findings indicate that marine environments have rapidly changed due to global warming over the past several decades. This change has led to significant variations in marine algal ecology. For example, a long-term increase in ocean temperatures due to global warming has facilitated the intensification of harmful algal blooms, which adversely impact public health, aquatic organisms, and aquaculture industries. Thus, extensive studies have been conducted, but there is still a gap in our understanding of the variation in their ecology in accordance with future marine environmental changes. To fill this gap, studies on the taxonomy and ecology of marine algae are highly necessary. We have invited algologists to submit research articles that enable us to advance our understanding of the taxonomy and ecology of marine algae. Fourteen papers have been collected so far, which cover different aspects of the taxonomy and ecology of marine algae, including understudied species, interspecific comparisons, and new techniques.
    Schlagwort(e): Ulva prolifera ; Bacillus sp. ; allelopathy ; photosynthetic system ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; antioxidative system ; Chlorella vulgaris ; cold-tolerant ; PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) ; calorific value ; Cystoseira ; algal cartography ; abrasion platforms ; SE Mediterranean ; phylogeny supertree ; DNA sequencing ; harmful algal blooms ; brown tide ; life history ; Aureococcus anophagefferens ; resting stage cell ; Karlodinium ; trophic modes ; phagotrophy ; mixotrophy ; Scrippsiella ; resting cyst ; intercalary plate ; precingular plate ; ribotype ; Tetraselmis suecica ; associated bacterial community ; free-living bacteria ; particle associated bacteria ; Bacillus nitratireducens ; fermentation broth ; polyaluminum chloride coagulation (PAC) ; Gymnodinium catenatum ; cysts ; sub-fossil diatom ; sediment ; Suncheonman Bay ; new record ; Bysmatrum ; cyst ; eyespot ; morphology ; lagoon ; new record diatoms ; taxonomic ; ecological ; habitat ; Acrochaetioid ; Colaconema formosanum ; COI-5P ; Endophytic alga ; Nemaliophycidae ; rbcL ; taxonomy ; harmful algae ; molecular detection ; monitoring ; Jeju coastal waters ; Changjiang ; southwestern Yellow Sea ; outbreak mechanisms ; wind anomaly ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Water-Worked Bedload: Hydrodynamic and Mass Transport (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-01-31
    Beschreibung: The state-of-the-art in water-worked bed hydraulics can only be examined through a careful exploration of the experimental (both laboratory and field) results via theoretical development. This book is primarily focused on the research aspects that involve a comprehensive knowledge of sediment dynamics in turbulent flows, as the most up-to-date research findings in the field are presented. It begins with two reviews on bedload transport and water-work bed experimental studies. The sediment dynamics is then analyzed from a classical perspective by applying the mean bed shear approach and additionally incorporating a statistical description for the role of turbulence. The work finally examines the local scour problems at hydraulic structures and results from field studies. It is intended as a course guide for field professionals, keeping up with modern technological developments. Therefore, as a simple prerequisite, readers should have a basic knowledge of hydraulics to an undergraduate level.
    Schlagwort(e): Q1-390 ; risk assessment ; n/a ; heavy metals ; sand waves ; scour depth ; in-stream structures ; backwater effect ; friction factor ; natural sandy bed river ; morphology ; turbulent flow ; sediment ; flood ; spur dike ; water reservoir ; local bed shear stress ; gravel-bed stream ; logarithmic law of the wall ; environmental variables ; mountain stream ; experiments ; scour holes ; drag-reducing flows ; flow type ; Three Gorges Reservoir ; hysteresis ; acoustic Doppler velocimeter ; check dam ; bedload ; granular beds ; bed-load transport ; aquatic plants ; flow velocity measurements ; groyne type ; fluvial hydraulics ; groyne field ; flow resistance ; water-worked gravel bed ; Mountain River ; aquatic plant biomechanics ; von Kármán parameter ? ; bed shear stress ; river morphology ; river ; turbulent kinetic energy ; scour
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Challenges and Successes in Identifying the Transfer and Transformation of Phosphorus from Soils to Open Waters and Sediments (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: The anthropogenic loading of phosphorus (P) to water bodies continues to increase worldwide, in many cases leading to increased eutrophication and harmful algal blooms. Determining the sources of P and the biogeochemical processes responsible for this increase is often difficult because of the complexity of the inputs and pathways, which vary both in spatial and temporal scales. In order to effectively develop strategies to improve water quality, it is essential to develop a comprehensive understanding of the relationship of P pools with biological uptake and cycling under varied soil and water conditions. In this ebook, eight chapters cover the various aspects of basic-applied research on mineral–P interaction and how these reactions impact P mobilization, bioavailability, transfer, and speciation of P in different soil matrices using advanced analytical methods. Some of these methods include the application of XANES and field-based research related to stream bank legacy nutrients; natural and anthropogenic eutrophication and its relationship to climate change; and the evaluation of the impact of P due to (i) grazing systems, (ii) weathering and vegetation, and iii) soil and manure management practices. In addition, two review chapters take a holistic approach to cover an expansive area of P transformation processes along the cropland–riparian–stream continuum and the assessment of legacy P. Together, these contributions improve our current understanding of the reactions and processes that impact P concentration, speciation, cycling, loss, and transfer from agroecosystems.
    Schlagwort(e): eutrophication ; phosphorus ; water quality ; sediment ; dissolved oxygen ; phosphorus mobilization ; climate change ; algae bloom ; legacy sediments ; equilibrium phosphorus concentration ; sorption ; desorption ; anoxic ; chemical P extraction ; microanalysis ; X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy ; soil P ; vertical and horizontal P distribution ; runoff water ; exclusions ; strategic grazing ; dissolved reactive phosphorus ; total phosphorus ; soil test phosphorus ; soil stratification ; soil fertility ; phosphorus cycling ; weathering ; iron speciation ; biogeochemistry ; legacy phosphorus ; speciation ; transformation ; accessibility ; best management practices ; corn silage ; erosion ; nutrient management ; liquid manure ; surface runoff ; agriculture ; riparian buffers ; critical source areas ; overland flow ; hydropedology ; snowmelt ; streamflow ; tile drainage ; phosphorus kinetics ; Fe-Al-hydroxide mixtures ; histidine ; malic acid ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Advances in Hydraulics and Hydroinformatics Volume 2 (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: This Special Issue reports on recent research trends in hydraulics, hydrodynamics, and hydroinformatics, and their novel applications in practical engineering. The Issue covers a wide range of topics, including open channel flows, sediment transport dynamics, two-phase flows, flow-induced vibration and water quality. The collected papers provide insight into new developments in physical, mathematical, and numerical modelling of important problems in hydraulics and hydroinformatics, and include demonstrations of the application of such models in water resources engineering.
    Schlagwort(e): chute aerator ; spillway bottom ; air concentration ; air bubble frequency ; air bubble chord length ; evolution of precipitation ; model simulation ; information entropy theory ; desert–oasis areas ; Tarim Basin ; gravity wave model ; dam-break flood ; image processing technology ; experimental study ; cavitation bubble ; high-speed photography ; impact pressure ; micro-jet ; Ningxia–Inner Mongolia ; Yellow River ; riverbank collapse ; BSTEM model ; flood &amp ; dry season ; sediment transport ; finite crest length weir ; FGP (flaring gate pier) ; discharge coefficient ; subcritical flow ; river flow modeling ; sediment transport simulation ; automation of flow modeling ; HEC-RAS controller ; python scripting ; three-dimensional aerator ; multi-horizontal-submerged jets ; energy dissipation ; near-field vibration ; fluctuating pressure ; gate-opening modes ; collapse near a wall ; double cavitation bubble ; tilt distribution cavitation ; parallel cavitation ; pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann model ; numerical simulation ; pooled stepped spillway ; pool weir ; flow property ; surface-piercing propeller ; artificial ventilation ; hydrodynamic performance ; LES-VOF method ; flow-induced vibration ; plane gate ; numerical analysis ; bridge scour ; submerged flow ; physical hydraulic modeling ; ski-jump flow ; spillway outlet ; jet trajectory ; experimental model ; rainfall intensity distribution ; two water jets ; collision in air ; Gaussian distribution ; trajectory line ; clogging ; drip irrigation ; flushing ; particle size distribution ; sediments ; submerged jets ; aerated flow ; plunge pool ; trapezoidal cross-section ; U-shaped channel ; radius-to-width ratio ; slope coefficient ; hydraulic characteristics ; hydraulic jump ; Froude number ; stilling basin with shallow-water cushion (SBSWC) ; large eddy simulation ; best depth ; CFD–DEM coupling ; hydrocyclone ; particle shape ; particle size ; water and sediment separation ; stepped dropshaft ; flow region ; central angle of step ; free surface measurement ; optical motion capturing ; tank test ; wave gauge ; sloshing ; offset jet ; potential core ; decay rate ; k-ε model ; abutment ; overtopping flow ; pressure flow ; scour and velocity field ; Y-shaped confluence channel ; non-submerged rigid vegetation ; longitudinal velocity ; secondary flow ; turbulent kinetic energy ; wetland ; lattice Boltzmann method ; shallow lake ; drag force ; water-saving irrigation development level ; Sichuan province ; TOPSIS method ; experiment ; particle image velocimetry ; 3D confined wall jet ; mean flow ; multiple bubble collapse ; pressure wave energy ; energy conversion rate ; consistent particle method ; solitary wave ; submerged breakwater ; breaking wave ; vortex ; free surface flow ; embankment weir ; bridge piers ; turbulence ; CFD ; sediment ; transforming mechanism ; open channel bend ; velocity distribution ; PIV ; hyporheic exchange ; surface−groundwater flow process ; influencing factors ; orthogonal tests ; sensitivity analysis ; linearly moved irrigation system ; application depth ; moving speed ; uniformity coefficient ; tidal discharge ; phase difference ; tidal channel junction ; flow division ; fluvial acoustic tomography ; wavelet analysis ; DEM ; hydrodynamic modelling ; river bathymetry ; floods ; Bathy-supp ; coherent vortex structure ; backward-facing step ; synchronized PIV ; separation and reattachment ; free shear layer ; vortical evolution ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Soil Water Erosion (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-21
    Beschreibung: The purpose of this book is to provide novel results related to soil water erosion that could help landowners and land-users, farmers, politicians, and other representatives of our global society to protect and, if possible, improve the quality and quantity of our precious soil resources. Published papers on the topics are related to new ways of mapping, maps with more detailed input data, maps about areas that have never been mapped before, sediment yield estimations, modelling sheets and gully erosion, USLE models, RUSLE models, dams which stop sediment runoff, sediment influx, solute transport, soil detachment capacities, badland morphology, freeze-thaw cycles, armed conflicts, use of rainfall simulators, rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, etc.
    Schlagwort(e): gully head-cuts ; machine learning modeling ; soil erosion ; Iran ; R-factor ; USLE ; rainfall intensity ; modeling ; radar climatology ; RADKLIM ; rain gauge ; sediment flux ; total soil loss ; watershed characteristics ; PCA analysis ; RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) ; WaTEM/SEDEM ; Czech Republic ; residential areas ; loess ; meltwater flow ; runoff and sediment yield ; hydraulic parameter ; comparability ; infiltration ; rainfall simulation ; runoff ; RUSLE ; land cover change ; armed conflict ; Northern Al-Kabeer river Syria ; freeze-thaw cycles ; loamy soil ; soil property ; soil detachment capacity ; Loess Plateau ; badlands ; morphological changes ; land use change ; Emilia Apennines (Northern Italy) ; multiple-tracer experiments ; precipitation amounts ; preferential flow ; solute transport ; protection forest ; irrigation ; sediment ; overland flow ; soil loss ; watershed ; sediment connectivity ; connection mode ; connection degree ; land management ; gully geometry ; dynamic erosion model ; stable gully ; area–slope approach ; field measurement ; water erosion model ; event scale ; sediment yield ; Chenab river ; remote sensing ; GIS ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Advances in Remediation of Environmental Pollutants for Sustainable Development (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-03-07
    Beschreibung: Environmental quality is crucial to our health, economy, lives, and for future generations. However, during the last few years, we have faced several serious challenges, which include, but are not limited to, climate change, unsustainable consumption and production, as well as various forms of pollution. These challenges are of global concerns for the sustainable development of human beings. This reprint has collected review and research papers aimed at a wide range of environmental topics: water and wastewater treatment and management, soil degradation and conservation, pollution control, the environmental impact of technologies, air quality and the indoor environment, and advanced environmental materials. Analytical methods developed for the determination of environmental pollutants were also welcomed. Papers dealing in the synthesis of adsorbents for the solid-phase extraction of environmental pollutants also fell within the scope of this Special Issue. Contributions describing novel and significant knowledge, scientific results, and advanced applications in the field of environmental sciences and technology were also welcomed. This reprint provides an integrated view of the trends in solving the problems associated with the achievement of sustainability in environmental technology.
    Schlagwort(e): hydrothermal activation treatment ; recycling technology ; heavy metal ; ion exchange ; attached growth process ; biological treatment ; biofilm ; membrane fouling ; rotating biological contactors ; wastewater treatment ; image processing ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; feature recognition ; image segmentation ; color space ; floods ; sediment ; biomass ; protein source ; Eisenia foetida ; vermicomposting ; organic waste ; cultivation media ; water treatment ; solar disinfection ; pre-treatment ; mechanism ; SODIS system ; alginate beads ; C. oleofaciens ; immobilisation ; green microalgae ; POME treatment ; post-treatment ; coagulation–adsorption ; membrane ; organic matter ; peat water ; ultrafiltration ; polysulfone ; sustainability ; effluent treatment ; dyes ; bioremediation ; bacteria ; wastewater ; textile ; consortium ; BES ; bioreactor ; Solanum incanum ; isotherm ; adsorption ; methylene blue ; exothermic ; heavy metals ; Kerian River ; pollution ; anthropogenic activities ; water quality ; banana peel biochar ; reactive black 5 ; kinetic ; phytotoxicity ; tomato ; energy consumption ; greenhouse gas emissions ; energy efficiency ; elevator ; buildings ; solar distiller ; water temperature ; pathogens removal ; rural areas ; sun-tracking system ; cost-effective water production ; water scarcity ; SARS-CoV-2 ; heavy metal phytostabilization ; bioaccumulation and translocation factors ; vegetation ; coal fly and bottom ash landfill ; interaction of plant species and location ; hybrid models ; air pollution modelling ; feature selection ; wrapper method ; artificial neural network ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Effects of Climate Change and Anthropogenic Disturbances on Water Ecological Environment and the Coping Strategies (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: The recognition of global climate change as an environmental issue has drawn attention to the climatic impact of human activities. Scientists and environmentalists have pointed out that human-induced climate change results from disturbances in all aspects of the environment. Among them, aquatic environments (including water, sediments, aquatic organisms, etc.,) are closely related to all kinds of human interference. However, they are under increasing stress due to climate change and human disturbances, such as an increased input of pollutants, a loss of biodiversity and a decrease in ecological functions. Fortunately, realizing the urgency and importance of the matter, researchers have started to work on coping strategies, including effective water treatment and energy recovery. This Special Issue focuses on revealing the effects of climate change and anthropogenic disturbances on water ecological environments, analyzing physical, chemical and biological aspects.
    Schlagwort(e): biofilm resilience ; water-soluble organic matter ; microbial community ; co-occurrence network ; phytoplankton ; environmental factors ; connections ; eutrophic lakes ; alpine lakes ; water resources security ; DPSIR ; confidence threshold method ; spatial autocorrelation ; Moran’s I ; air pollution transmission channels ; ambient air quality standards ; WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines ; Microcystis aeruginosa ; Chlorella pyrenoidosa ; ultraviolet B radiation ; photosynthetic efficiency ; adaptation capability ; nutrient enrichment ; adsorption ; degradation ; B2O3 ; TiO2/C3N4 ; molten ; heavy metal ; sediment ; ecological risk ; fish species ; photocatalysis ; N-doped films ; visible light ; titanium dioxide ; water quality index (WQI) ; machine learning ; parameter selection ; positive matrix factorization (PMF) ; source apportionment ; enrofloxacin ; Eriocheir sinensis ; transcriptome ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Biocultural Restoration in Hawaiʻi (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-27
    Beschreibung: Biocultural restoration is a process by which the various connections between humanity and nature, as well as between People and Place are revived to restore the health and function of social-ecological systems. This collection explores the subject of biocultural restoration and does so within the context of Hawaiʻi, the most remote archipelago on the planet. The Hawaiian Renaissance, which started in the 1970s, has led to a revival of Hawaiian language, practices, philosophy, spirituality, knowledge systems, and systems of resource management. Many of the leading Indigenous and local scholars of Hawaiʻi who were born into the time of the Hawaiian Renaissance contributed to this collection. More than a third of the authors are of Indigenous Hawaiian ancestry; each paper had at least one Indigenous Hawaiian author, and several papers had a Hawaiian lead author, making this the largest collection to date of scientific publications authored by Indigenous Hawaiians (Kānaka ʻŌiwi). In addition, the majority of authors are women, and two of the papers had 100 percent authorship by women. This collection represents a new emphasis in applied participatory research that involves academics, government agencies, communities and both private and non-profit sectors.
    Schlagwort(e): ridge-to-reef ; groundwater ; land-use ; nutrients ; bleaching ; scenario ; resilience ; collaboration ; scientific tools ; management ; alternative regime state ; portable biocultural toolkit ; social-ecological system theory ; Hawaii ; Colocasia esculenta ; biocultural monitoring ; community engagement ; community-based management ; indigenous knowledge ; indigenous science ; Hawaiʻi ; human land use footprint ; traditional ecological knowledge ; biocultural restoration ; social-ecological system ; Hawaiian Islands ; biocapacity ; sustainability ; sacred ecology ; biocultural conservation ; Hawai‘i ; biocultural resource management (BRM) ; ahupuaa ; social-ecological community ; social-ecological zone ; traditional resource management ; konohiki ; co-management ; institutional fit ; social-ecological systems ; fisheries ; breadfruit ; food systems ; Artocarpus altilis ; indigenous resource management ; traditional agriculture ; indigenous agriculture ; biocultural ; restoration ; food energy water ; ecosystem services ; cultural services ; sustainable agriculture ; taro ; wetland agriculture ; flooded field systems ; lo‘i kalo ; sediment ; cultural revitalization ; sweet potato ; kava ; sugarcane ; research ethics ; mariculture ; aquaculture ; community restoration ; conservation ecology ; Native Hawaiian fishpond ; microbes ; microbial source tracking ; Native Hawaiian ; agro-ecology ; ‘āina momona ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Effects of Land Use on the Ecohydrology of River Basin in Accordance with Climate Change (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-17
    Beschreibung: Water deficit affects various regions of the world. Effective approach can be based on ecohydrological solutions and the design of blue–green infrastructure. In our scientific book, we focused on papers that consider water management and adaptation of urban and rural development areas to the progressive climate change. The Special Issue includes a drought-prone place (valleys in Mexico City), reflections on the state and water resources in Lithuania, and engineering and technical articles from China and Poland. In addition, one chapter is dedicated to grassland protection in mountainous areas.
    Schlagwort(e): sediment ; nutrient element ; risk ; land cover ; Warta River ; runoff variation ; vegetation change ; attribution analysis ; source region of the Yangtze River ; soil moisture ; physiographic parameters of basins ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; redundancy analysis (RDA) ; soil ; saturated hydraulic conductivity ; pedotransfer function ; Rosetta program ; irrigation ; climate change ; drained peat soils ; ditch subsidence ; empirical equations of peat subsidence ; drainage ditches ; pollution ; ecological status indicators ; water quality ; hydromorphological diversity ; highland watercourse ; human activity ; catchment management ; weather extremes ; grazing management ; biodiversity ; high-nature-value farming ; old field grassland ; vegetation variation ; Budyko hypothesis ; Mexico City ; historical political ecology ; urban ecology ; water spatial policy ; environmental change ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Introduction to Colloid Science: Applications to sediment characterization (2023)
    TU Delft OPEN Publishing
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: This book is meant as an introduction to the field of colloid science, i.e. the study of the behaviour of micrometric particles in a fluid (or a gas). The book was written with a special emphasis on sediment particles. Sediment particles are complex colloidal particles due to their composition, shape and interaction with their environment. Characterization of the colloidal fraction of sediment is done by recording, among others, the particles’ size, shape and electric surface charge and evaluating their density or their interactions. These properties are important for civil engineering applications. Large-scale sediment transport models for example require as input the settling velocity of particles. In concentrated areas, this velocity becomes a function of the particles’ concentration and particle-particle interactions lead to the creation of larger particles, called flocs. These flocs can settle and, when reaching the bed, consolidate in time. All these aspects, and related models, are treated in the present book.
    Schlagwort(e): colloid ; clay ; sediment ; flocculation ; settling ; consolidation ; physico-chemistry ; DLVO theory ; rheology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Yellow River Basin Management under Pressure (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-06
    Beschreibung: Ecological protection and high-quality development in the basin of the Yellow River, known as China’s “Mother River” and “the cradle of Chinese civilization”, have been receiving increasing attention because of the important role they play in China’s economic and social development, and its cultural heritage. Under ongoing climate change and intense human activities, the Yellow River basin is facing crucial challenges, e.g., flooding, water security, water resource shortage, water pollution, and ecological environment degradation, which seriously affects the sustainable development of the regional economy and society. Meanwhile, significant differences in key characteristics across the upper, middle, and lower reaches call for joint management efforts, including integrated management, water conservancy, and ecological environment restoration. This Special Issue focusses on the current state, challenges, and suggestions relating to Yellow River basin management and sustainable development under pressure, aiming to help improve ecological protection and achieve high-quality development. The following topics, including the management, restoration and protection of the Yellow River basin, and harmonious regulation of the human–water relationship were systematically studied.
    Schlagwort(e): Gini coefficient ; fairness principle ; double-level ; water-saving potential ; Weihe River basin ; Budyko framework ; runoff changes ; climate change ; underlying surface parameters ; human activities ; Yellow River ; cultivated land ; Object-Oriented Feature Extraction ; wheat ; corn ; water use level ; SBM-DEA model ; window-DEA model ; economic and social development ; matching degree ; yellow river basin ; water–energy–food ; harmony equilibrium ; harmonious regulation ; the Yellow River ; bank collapse ; sediment transportation ; numerical simulation ; curved channel ; cohesive ; cross-sectional shape ; asymmetry ; water and sediment factor ; transverse distribution ; wandering river channel ; Wuliangsuhai Lake ; ecological water demand ; ecological water supplement ; ecological function ; heavy metals ; sediment interstitial water ; sediment ; chemical fraction ; ecological risk ; water quality characteristics ; cause ; groundwater ; middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River ; water rights allocation ; coordinated development ; water–ecology–energy–food ; emergy method ; Yinchuan city ; return period ; Pearson-III distribution ; “7.20” rainstorm ; Yiluo River basin ; Xiaohua section ; soil erosion ; influencing factors ; RUSLE ; the optimal parameters-based geographical detector ; scale effects ; the Yellow River Basin ; Sanhe region ; early sites ; spatial and temporal distribution ; human-territorial relationship ; GIS ; high-quality development ; environmental regulation ; local government competition ; panel threshold regression model ; Yellow River basin ; the ancient Yellow River distributary ; early settlements ; aggregation characteristics ; Zhengzhou ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Applications of Quantum Mechanical Techniques to Areas Outside of Quantum Mechanics, 2nd Edition (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-04
    Beschreibung: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Schlagwort(e): Quantum-like paradigm ; quantum field theory ; quantum probability ; quantum probability cognition models ; Quantum information ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Environmental Hydraulics, Turbulence and Sediment Transport (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: In the research on environmental hydraulics, its turbulence, and its sediment transport, constant challenges have been faced. The complexity of hydraulic impacts on sediment transport and turbulent flow properties makes research in this area a difficult task. However, due to pressure from climate change and the mounting issue of pollution, environmental flow studies are more crucial than ever. Bedforming within rivers is a complex process that can be influenced by the hydraulics, vegetated field, and various suspended and bedload transports. Changes in flow conditions due to rain and flood can further complicate a hydraulic system. To date, the turbulence, morphologic, and bedforming characteristics of natural environmental flows are still not well understood. This book aims to bring together a collection of state-of-the-art research and technologies to form a useful guide for the related research and engineering communities. It may be useful for authorities, researchers, and environmental, civil, and water engineers to understand the current state-of-the-art practices in environmental flow modelling, measurement, and management. It may also be a good resource for research, post-, or undergraduate students who wish to know about the most up-to-date knowledge in this field.
    Schlagwort(e): ADV ; bed-mounted horizontal cylinder ; gravel-bed ; sand-bed ; turbulence ; wake region ; floating structure ; hydrodynamic moment ; finite flowing water ; physical model tests ; statistical diagnosis ; bridge pier ; flat and eroded bed ; flow field ; velocity profile measurements ; wave ; current ; sediment ; maintenance dredging ; Nagan Raya ; unsaturated soil ; stability ; consolidation ; self-preservation in wall-wake ; circular pipe ; velocity deficit ; RSS deficit ; turbulence intensities deficit ; third-order correlations ; suspended sediment concentration ; dilute-hyper concentration ; Rouse number ; velocity lag ; bursting phenomena ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Marine Compounds and Cancer 2020 (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-01
    Beschreibung: The very first marine-derived anticancer drug, Cytarabine (aka Ara-C, Cytosar-U®), was approved by the FDA in 1969 for the treatment of leukemia. At the beginning of 2021, the list of approved marine-derived anticancer drugs consists of nine substances, five of which received approval within the last two years, demonstrating the rapid evolution of the field. The current book is a collection of scientific articles related to the exponentially growing field of anticancer marine compounds. These articles cover the whole field, from agents with cancer-preventive activity, to novel and previously characterized compounds with anticancer activity, both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the latest status of compounds under clinical development.
    Schlagwort(e): apoptosis ; fucoidan ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; reactive oxygen species ; 3-alkylpyridinium polymers ; nicotine ; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ; non-small cell lung carcinoma ; melanoma ; sinulariolide ; proteomic ; mitochondria ; caspase cascade ; marine fungus ; sediment ; anthranilic acid ; Penicillium paneum ; cytotoxicity ; dibromotyrosine ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; oxidative stress ; topoisomerase ; epigonal organ ; bonnethead shark ; Jurkat ; tumor cell line ; hippuristanol ; PEL ; AP-1 ; STAT3 ; Akt ; colorectal cancer ; marine mollusc ; brominated indoles ; shrimp ; chemoprevention ; fatty acids ; carotenoids ; cancer ; nanoparticle ; osteosarcoma ; lung metastasis ; elisidepsin ; lipid rafts ; hydroxylated lipids ; fatty acid 2-hydroxylase ; cooperative binding ; membrane permeabilization ; marine organisms ; polysaccharides ; anticancer ; anticarcinogenic ; mechanisms of action ; fumigaclavine C ; anti-proliferation ; mitochondrial pathway ; anti-cancer ; anti-proliferative ; carotenoid ; cell cycle arrest ; fucoxanthin ; azoxymethane ; bioactive natural product ; isatin ; in vivo model ; Marthasterias glacialis L. ; palmitic acid ; ER-stress ; CHOP ; Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) ; marine antitumor agents ; clinical trials ; approved antitumor agents ; AD0157 ; angiogenesis ; marine drug ; pyrrolidinedione ; secondary metabolites ; cancer preventive ; chemopreventive ; trabectedin ; plitidepsin ; tumor-associated macrophages ; tumor microenvironment ; preclinical ; anticancer immunity ; antiangiogenesis ; fascaplysin ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; small cell lung cancer ; camptothecin ; poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase inhibitor ; breast cancer ; seaweed ; therapeutic compounds ; autophagy ; marine drugs ; autophagy inhibitors ; autophagy inducers ; macrolide ; programmed cell death ; energy stress ; araguspongine C ; c-Met ; HER2 ; gemcitabine ; pazopanib ; phase I ; safety ; soft tissue sarcoma ; pachastrissamine ; jaspine B ; carbocyclic analogue ; sphingosine kinase inhibitor ; molecular modeling ; ET-743 ; DNA minor groove binder ; soft tissue sarcoma ; chemotherapy ; bis (2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methane (BDDPM) ; anti-metastatic activity ; cell adhesion ; β1-integrin ; FAK ; BEL-7402 cell ; triterpene glycosides ; sea cucumbers ; antitumor activities ; arrest of cell cycle ; antibacterial ; marangucyclines ; deep-sea ; Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 11594 ; LS-1 ; SNU-C5/5-FU ; TGF-β signaling ; carcinoembryonic antigen ; kalkitoxin ; Moorea producens ; mitochondria toxin ; VEGF ; angiogenesis inhibitor ; hypoxia-inducible factor-1 ; HIF-1 ; Lyngbya majuscula ; marine metabolites ; SZ-685C ; nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas ; Ecklonia cava ; phlorotannins ; dieckol ; migration ; sipholenol A ; ABC transporter ; multidrug resistance ; P-gp/ABCB1 ; BCRP/ABCG2 ; MRP1/ABCC1 ; marine natural products ; glioblastoma ; xyloketal B ; proliferation ; TRPM7 ; marine compound ; ribosomal protein genes ; snoRNA ; FAU ; RPS30 ; SNORA62 ; evolution ; Porifera ; n/a ; Penicillium brevicompactum ; Brevianamide ; Mycochromenic acid derivative ; antifouling ; Caribbean sponge ; plakortide ; endoperoxide ; leukemia ; multi-drug resistant leukemia ; Sarcophyton ehrenbergi ; soft coral ; terpenes ; cembranoids ; cytotoxic activity ; molecular docking ; uveal melanoma ; oxidative stress ; virtual screening ; Topo I inhibitor ; low toxic ; natural product ; Ulva fasciata ; selenium-containing polysaccharide-protein complex ; pseudopterosin ; NF-κB ; p65 ; inflammation ; cytokine release ; IL-6 ; TNFα ; MCP-1 ; glucocorticoid receptor ; paulomycins ; Micromonospora ; antitumor ; Cantabrian Sea-derived actinobacteria ; puupehenones ; sponges ; antiangiogenic ; antitumoral ; porifera/sponge ; cancer genes ; molecular oncology ; bromophenol ; molecular mechanisms ; cell cycle ; PI3K/Akt ; p38/ERK ; ROS ; human lung cancer ; glycosaminoglycans ; antiproliferative ; heparan sulphate ; gliotoxin ; NSCLC ; adriamycin resistance ; Sepia ink polysaccharides ; antitumour ; chemosensitization ; anticoagulation ; sea anemone ; drug discovery ; endothelial cells ; RGD motif ; kunitz type inhibitor ; prostate cancer ; antioxidant ; natural marine compounds ; marine biotechnology ; microalgae ; marine sponges ; Aeroplysinin ; Isofistularin ; pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma ; metastasis ; cancer progression ; cell adhesion molecules ; integrin β1 ; hypoxia ; phycocyanin ; non-small cell lung cancer ; NF-κB signaling ; marine-derived drugs ; bioanalysis ; chromatography ; manzamine A ; epithelial–mesenchymal transition ; lung cancer ; circulating tumor cells ; signal transduction ; cisplatin ; Lampetra morii ; buccal gland ; cystatin F ; anti-angiogenesis ; cystatin superfamily ; Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) ; Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) ; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ; itampolin A ; FBDD ; p38α ; novel inhibitor ; tetracenomycin X ; cyclin D1 ; proteasomal degradation ; p38 ; c-JUN ; λ-carrageenan ; heparanase ; anticoagulant ; depolymerisation ; cell migration ; Aspergillus ; naphthopyrones ; endophytic fungus ; Leathesia nana ; mangrove-derived actinomycete ; ansamycins ; divergolides ; apoptosis-inducing activity ; actinomycin ; EMT ; invasion ; low molecular weight fucoidan extract ; N-Ras ; neuroblastoma-rat sarcoma ; Cancer ; programmed cell death-ligand 1 ; programmed cell death-ligand 2 ; human sarcoma cell line (HT1080 cells) ; human normal diploid fibroblast (TIG-1 cells) ; chimera ; chemical conjugation ; anticancer agent ; hybridization ; α9-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) ; breast cancer cells ; αO-conotoxin GeXIVA ; targeted therapy ; gorgonian ; Leptogorgia ; humulane sesquiterpenoids ; anticancer activity ; 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial ; HeLa cells ; Nur77 ; MAPK/ERK pathway ; Mycalin A ; C15 acetogenins ; synthetic analogues ; antiproliferative activity ; A375 and HeLa cell lines ; polyoxygenated steroids ; sponge ; Haliclona gracilis ; Thalassia testudinum ; thalassiolin B ; polyphenols ; CYP1A1 ; benzo[a]pyrene ; JNK1/2 ; natural products ; synergism ; A549 cells ; cytoskeleton ; P2X7 receptor ; pollution ; anti-angiogenic ; gene expression ; HSP90 ; inhibitor ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Advances in Remediation of Contaminated Sites: Volume I (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: This reprint is of interest regarding contaminated sites remediation, which integrates the research results within 20 publications covering contaminated sites remediation's full life cycle. They include pollution investigation, environmental fate, pollution control, and review. In addition, the reprint addresses all aspects of contaminated site remediation, including heavy metal pollution, organic pollution, and combined pollution. These results can help to understand the remediation of the contaminated sites in depth throughout the life cycle and help break through the bottleneck of contaminated sites remediation and provide new ideas and methods for the development of contaminated sites remediation.
    Schlagwort(e): magnetic composites ; tetracycline ; adsorption ; advanced oxidation processes ; solid waste ; soil contamination ; biochar ; Brassica campestris L. ; Cd ; Pb ; hexavalent chromium ; chrome plating site ; pollution distribution ; leachability ; speciation ; site investigation ; in situ pXRF ; multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) ; heavy metals ; rapid field screening ; bone char ; hydrogen peroxide treatment ; cadmium ; adsorption mechanism ; ion interchange ; BDE-209 ; soil suspension ; photodegradation ; products ; mechanism ; surface sediment ; ecological risk assessment ; Pearl Bay ; heavy metal ; sediment ; ecological risk ; Shantou Bay ; copper ; water spinach ; antioxidant enzymes ; microbial community ; tailings pond ; form ; rhizosphere ; miscanthus floridulus ; electroplating factory ; groundwater ; soil ; multivariable analysis ; environmental evaluation ; penetration curve ; petroleum pollution ; PHE ; soil column ; typical oilfields ; vertical migration ; soil remediation ; cadmium contamination ; recent advances ; challenges and prospects ; winter jujube ; Yellow River Delta ; granular-activated carbon ; polybrominated diphenyl ethers ; Triton X-100 ; soil-washing effluent ; density functional theory calculation ; human-health risk ; numerical simulation ; polyethylene ; phenanthrene ; soil properties ; soil enzyme ; pyrite ; AMD ; surface passivation ; band bending ; lead ; ecotype ; accumulation and translocation ; Cr(VI) ; migration ; model ; slag ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Environmental Bioenergetics (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-04
    Beschreibung: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Schlagwort(e): energy ; thermodynamics ; calorimetry ; energy-limited environments ; soil ; sediment ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 41
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    Beitrag zur Kenntnis arktischer Sedimente (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; postglazial ; wärmezeit ; gyttjen ; sediment ; arktis ; dryastone ; allerödzeit
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 42
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    Pleistozäne Dünensande in der Tschechoslowakischen Sozialistischen Republik (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Die Dünensande auf dem Gebiete der CSSR sind in verschieden großen Inseln, im Böhmischen Massiv und im Karpathenbereiche, in Seehöhen von 100—400 m verbreitet. Ihre Mächtigkeit beträgt meistens 2—10 m, stellenweise bis 30 m. Morphologisch betrachtet, bilden sie verschiedenartige Hügel und Dünen. Der Größe ihrer Körner nach bilden sie 3 Varietäten, wobei die Dünensande mit einem Korndurchmesser von 0,25—0,50 mm am meisten verbreitet sind (50—70%). In petrographischer Hinsicht überwiegt der Quarzgehalt; im Böhmischen Massiv sind sie karbonatfrei, im Karpathengebiete jedoch karbonathaltig (10—25% CaCO3). Die Entstehung der Dünensande erfolgte hauptsächlich durch Auswehung aus den Pleistozänterrassen und aus den verwitterten Gesteinen der tertiären Sedimente und aus Sandsteinen der oberen Kreideformation. Sie sind von verschiedenem pleistozänen Alter (überwiegend Riß und Würm). Sie wurden überwiegend durch Winde einer Stärke von 3—9 m transportiert.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; pleistozän ; würm ; riß ; tschechoslowakische sozialistische republik ; kreide ; morphologie ; auswehung ; sediment ; dünensand ; böhmisches massiv ; karpathen ; seehöhe ; hügel ; korndurchmesser ; quarz ; karbon ; wurm
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 43
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    Weitere Funde pleistozäner Molluskenfaunen bei München (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Von fünf Stellen wird eine unter rißeiszeitlichem Hochterrassenschotter gefundene interglaziale Molluskenfauna beschrieben (s. Tab. 1); sie wird ökologisch gedeutet und stratigraphisch mit anderen Molluskenfaunen verglichen (s. Tab. 2); ferner wird die Genese des einbettenden Sedimentes erörtert (s. Tab. 3). Die sich daraus ergebenden Gesichtspunkte für eine Abtrennung des ausgehenden Mindel/Riß-Interglazials von der (beginnenden?) Rißeiszeit werden diskutiert (s. Tab. 4); demnach deutet sich wenigstens für einen Teil der Profile eine Sedimentationslücke zwischen dem molluskenführenden interglazialen Horizont und dem darüber-liegenden fluvioglazialen Schotter der Rißeiszeit an.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; interglazial ; stratigraphie ; pleistozän ; molluskenfauna ; münchen ; fauna ; rißeiszeit ; sediment ; Ökologie ; hochterrassenschotter ; genese ; mindel/riß-interglazial ; fluvioglazialer schotter
    Sprache: Deutsch
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    Stratigraphische Übersicht des tschechoslowakischen Quartärs (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Die vorliegende synthetische Studie hat sich zum Hauptziel gesetzt, einen kurzgefaßten Überblick über die Stratigraphie des tschechoslowakischen Quartärs zu bringen, der sich auf die gegenwärtigen, durch neue Forschungen im Terrain gewonnenen Ergebnisse stützt. Obzwar diese Aufgabe thematisch nur an das Gebiet der Tschechoslowakei gebunden ist, berührt sie mit Rücksicht auf die zentrale Lage des studierten Gebiets auch die stratigraphische Gesamtproblematik des mitteleuropäischen Quartärs. Es sei zunächst betont, daß die einzelnen Arten der tschechoslowakischen Quartärablagerungen gegenwärtig nur sehr ungleichmäßig bearbeitet sind, so daß eine Beschränkung auf jene Sedimente geboten ist, über die hinreichende, sachlich belegte Angaben zur Verfügung stehen, aus denen dann notwendige stratigraphische Kriterien geschöpft werden können. Das bedeutet nun, daß sich unsere Studie nur auf jene großen Profile stützt, die, mit modernen Methoden gründlich bearbeitet, im Hinblick auf ihre geologische Gesamtlage und den Fundgehalt der Schichten brauchbare Anhaltspunkte für die stratigraphische Auswertung bieten und eine verläßliche Parallelisierung mit verschiedenen ausländischen, besonders mitteleuropäischen Lokalitäten ermöglichen. Unser Beitrag ist mit seinem ganzen Inhalt ausschließlich auf stratigraphische Probleme abgestellt; er will und kann auch keinen Gesamtüberblick über das tschechoslowakische Quartär bieten, denn der Grad seiner Bearbeitung in den einzelnen Teilabschnitten ist noch nicht soweit ausgeglichen, als daß eine einheitliche und komplexe Darstellung dieser Epoche möglich wäre. Mit Rücksicht auf Zielsetzung und Umfang der vorliegenden Arbeit mußten wir uns bei Anführung von Einzelheiten, wie Angaben über pedogenetische Prozesse, Analysen der Faunen und Floren, Ergebnisse petrographischer Untersuchungen, geomorphologische Verhältnisse usw., soweit wie möglich einschränken. Andererseits sind wir uns der Wichtigkeit dieser Einzelheiten vollauf bewußt und führen daher bei jeder Lokalität oder jedem Fund neben einer Charakteristik ihrer grundsätzlichen Merkmale Literaturhinweise auf veröffentlichte Ergebnisse an. Zum besseren Verständnis der hier erörterten Gesamtproblematik sei noch in Kürze die Geschichte der Quartärforschung auf dem tschechoslowakischen Gebiet erwähnt (vgl. SKUTIL1939, LOZEK 1955). Die Entwicklung der Quartärgeologie kann bei uns in groben Umrissen in drei Zeitabschnitte eingeteilt werden. Die Zeit vor dem 1. Weltkriege zeichnet sich durch eine betriebsame Tätigkeit im Terrain aus, die allerdings vor allem paläontologisch (Vertebrata) und teilweise, besonders in Mähren, auch archäologisch orientiert ist. Die Forschungsarbeiten werden zwar gründlich und sachlich durchgeführt, aber das Gesamtniveau der allgemeinen quartärgeologischen Kenntnisse läßt noch keine befriedigende Auswertung manchmal sehr wertvoller Funde zu. Die monoglazialistische Auffassung ist vorherrschend, und erst zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts machen sich die modernen Ansichten über eine größere Zahl der durch Interglaziale abgeteilten Kaltzeiten geltend. In der Zeit zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen ist die fast völlige Interesselosigkeit der Geologen und Archäologen, die nur manchmal einige Teilprobleme flüchtig berühren, gleichbedeutend mit einem Stillstand der tschechoslowakischen Quartärgeologie. Systematisch befaßt sich mit dem Quartär nur JAROSLAV PETRBOK, der sein Interesse auf die quartären Weichtiere konzentriert; das PENCK-BRÜCKNERsche quadriglazialistische System wendet er in vereinfachter Auffassung an und weist die Bildung der Flußterrassen den Interglazialen zu. Die Quartärforschung bleibt also in diesem Zeitraum weit hinter den im benachbarten Ausland erzielten Ergebnissen zurück. Erst während des Zweiten Weltkriegs finden die neuen polyglazialistischen Anschauungen auch in unser Gebiet Eingang. Um ihre Durchsetzung und Verbreitung erwerben sich grundsätzliche Verdienste K. ZEBERA mit seiner umfassenden Arbeit über das böhmische Quartär (1944) und die Studie von Q. ZÄRUBA über die Moldau-Terrassen (1943), in der zum ersten Male das System SOERGELS in vollem Umfang angewendet wird. Gleichzeitig beginnt auch die Kartierung quartärer Deckenformationen und die Erforschung der Fundamentböden. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkriege kommt es in allen Zweigen der Quartärforschung zu einer schnellen, von praktischen und theoretischen Gesichtspunkten ausgehenden Entfaltung. Die tschechoslowakische Quartärgeologie gewinnt in der Quartär-Abteilung des Geologischen Zentralinstituts und im Archäologischen Institut der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften eine geeignete Arbeitsbasis; beide Institute geben auch gemeinsam das Jahrbuch Anthropozoikum heraus, das ausschließlich den Problemen des Quartärs gewidmet ist.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; stratigraphie ; pleistozän ; löß ; würm ; spätglazial ; mähren ; pliozän ; moustérien ; altpleistozän ; holozän ; travertine ; terrasse ; böhmen ; moor ; eiszeit ; quartär ; mittelpleistozän ; höhle ; sediment ; chronologie ; tschechoslowakei ; lobkovice ; karsttasche ; gehängesediment ; limnische sedimente ; riß/würm-interglazial ; slowakei ; wurm
    Sprache: Deutsch
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    Das Vechelder Interstadial (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Bei Vechelde, Landkreis Braunschweig, wurde in einer Tiefe von 9,93 m eine 0,65 m mächtige Torfbank erbohrt. Die Pollenanalyse ergab, daß die Torfe während eines Interstadials zur Ablagerung kamen. Die Vegetationsgeschichte gliedert sich in eine Birken- und in eine Kiefernzeit; die Sedimente bestehen aus Bruchwald- und Braunmoostorfen. Das subarktische Klima besaß eine atlantische Tönung. Die zeitliche Einordnung des Interstadials war nicht möglich, da weder die stratigraphischen Verhältnisse eine Klärung brachten noch die Frage mit Hilfe der Pollenanalyse wegen des geringen Vergleichsmaterials gelöst werden konnte.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; pollenanalyse ; torf ; braunschweig ; vegetationsgeschichte ; klima ; interstadial ; pollendiagramm ; sediment ; vechelde ; torfbank ; birkenzeit ; kiefernzeit ; bruchwaldtorf ; braunmoostorf
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 46
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    Fauna und Flora im Pleistozän-Profil von Murg bei Säckingen und ihre Aussage zur Altersdatierung (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Das Profil von Murg zeigt über liegendem Gneis eine verlehmte Grundmoräne als unterste pleistozäne Schicht. Sie entstand während des weitesten Vorstoßes der Alpengletscher in Richtung zum Schwarzwald und wird seit Penck & Brückner (1909) in die Rißvereisung gestellt. Über ihr liegen pollenführende Ablagerungen eines Torfmoores und eines Teiches. Die Pollen weisen in den tieferen Lagen auf eine Pflanzengemeinschaft, die auch unter dem heutigen Klima noch möglich wäre. In den höheren Lagen verschwinden die wärmeliebenden Bäume. Das Gesamtdiagramm (Pollen-Spektrum) läßt die Zeitphase eines abklingenden Interglazials erkennen. Über diesen Sedimenten liegen 6—10 m Lösse und Lößlehme. Von äolischen Lössen, die je eine kalte Zeit vertreten, wird eine durchschnittlich 2,50 m mächtige Lehmlage eingerahmt, die mehr oder weniger deutliche Bodenbildungen enthält. Es läßt sich nachweisen, daß wenigstens ein Teil dieser Böden an Ort und Stelle entstanden ist. Da auch dieser Horizont eine warme Zeitphase repräsentiert, liegen im Profil von Murg über der Rißmoräne die Ablagerungen zweier Warmzeiten. Reste von Elefant, Riesenhirsch und Bison erlauben eine Parallelisierung der „Murger" Schichtfolge mit einem Teilabschnitt des Profils von Achenheim bei Straßburg. Hierbei zeigt es sich, daß die untere Warmzeit zwischen Moräne und unterem Löß den Schichten entspricht, die in Achenheim den Waldelefanten (Palaeoloxodon antiquus Falc.) führen. Sehr wahrscheinlich sind diese gleichaltrig mit einem Teil der Travertine von Taubach, Weimar und Ehringsdorf. Der pollenführende Abschnitt von Murg wäre dann wohl in die Zeit der Bildung des oberen Travertins einzugliedern. Die höher liegende von Lössen eingerahmte Lehmlage von Murg entspricht im Profil von Achenheim einem bis 5 m mächtigen Lehm zwischen Loess récent und Loess ancien supérieur. Nach Wernert (1957) gab es damals im Straßburger Gebiet offenen Wald und Steppe (Taiga). Es lebten Ren, Pferd, wollhaariges Nashorn und Mammut, aber auch Boviden, Edelhirsch und sogar Reh und Bär. Ein entsprechender Bodenhorizont konnte auch im Deckprofil der Travertine von Ehringsdorf nachgewiesen werden (Guenther 1958).
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; grundmoräne ; pollenanalyse ; pleistozän ; löß ; flora ; fauna ; altersdatierung ; warmzeit ; alpengletscher ; travertine ; schwarzwald ; mammut ; klima ; rißmoräne ; elefant ; Waldelefant ; sediment ; ren ; pferd ; nashorn ; horizont ; weimar ; ehringsdorf ; achenheim ; murg bei säckingen ; gneis ; rißvereisung ; torfmoor ; teich ; pollen-spektrum ; lößlehm ; riesenhirsch ; bison ; palaeoloxodon antiquus falc. ; taubach ; bär ; reh ; boviden ; baumvegetation ; strauchvegetation ; bar
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 47
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    Wirkungen des pleistozänen Bodenfrostes in den Sedimenten der Niederrheinischen Bucht: Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Periglazialerscheinungen der Rheinlande (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Periglazialerscheinungen des quartären Eiszeitalters kommen in der Niederrheinischen Bucht in mannigfaltiger Fülle vor. Ihre vielgestaltige Ausbildung ist der Gunst geologisch-morphologischer Voraussetzungen zuzuschreiben. Schon seit langer Zeit standen sie im Blickpunkt wissenschaftlicher Erforschung. Diese beschränkte sich jedoch allzu sehr auf die Darstellung einzelner Phänomene in meist räumlich viel zu enger Sicht. Auch im Hinblick auf die Bodenfrostformen des quartären Eiszeitalters in der Niederrheinischen Bucht mangelt es nicht an Beschreibungen einzelner Erscheinungen. So sind – wenn wir uns auf den deutschen Anteil beschränken – die wegweisenden Untersuchungen von A. STEEGER (1926, 1944, 1948) über frostgestauchte Böden am unteren Niederrhein, die Abhandlungen von H. LEHMANN (1948) über Periglazialerscheinungen in der Umgebung von Bonn, von P. PRUSKOWSKI (1952, 1954) über Bodenfrostbildungen im Deckgebirge der Rheinischen Braunkohle und von U. STEUSLOFF (1951) über peri glaziale Böden aus zwei Eiszeiten im Löß bei Rheindahlen, oder die Beschreibung zahlreicher Eiskeile und Kryoturbationen in den Terrassensedimenten der Niederrheinischen Bucht vom Verf. (1956, 1957), ferner die Deutung vertikal verschlungener „Sandgänge" als Eiskeilnetz im deutsch-holländischen Grenzgebiet des Brachter Waldes durch R. WOLTERS (1950) zu erwähnen. Noch zahlreicher sind indessen die Beobachtungen über Bodenfrostbildungen, die aus dem benachbarten niederländischen Raume mitgeteilt wurden, und es darf in diesem Zusammenhang darauf hingewiesen werden, daß der heute international übliche Begriff „Kryoturbation" überhaupt dort entstand (C. H . EDELMANN, F. FLORSCHÜTZ & J . JESWIET 1936). "Gegenstand vorliegender Arbeit ist eine zusammenfassende Untersuchung der Wirkungen des pleistozänen Bodenfrostes innerhalb der Niederrheinischen Bucht: der Eiskeile und ähnlichen Formen, der Kryoturbationen und der Wirkungen der Frostsprengung. Besondere Berücksichtigung soll dabei den syngenetischen Erscheinungen zukommen, da sie für die klimazeitliche Stellung der Sedimente, in denen sie auftreten, von hohem Wert sind. In großem Maße trifft das für die Terrassensedimente der Niederrheinischen Bucht zu, deren klimazeitliche Stellung im Eiszeitalter zum großen Teil ja noch recht ungewiß ist, und zu deren Klärung gerade die syngenetischen Bodenfrostformen einen wertvollen Beitrag liefern können.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; pleistozän ; bodenfrost ; niederrheinische bucht ; sediment ; eiskeil ; kryoturbation ; rheinland ; bodenfrostform ; kryopedologie ; congelifraktate ; frostsprengung
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 48
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    Unbekannt
    Sediment burial dating using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Die Methode der Bestimmung des Überdeckungsalters mit Hilfe von in situ produzierten terrestrischen kosmogenen Nukliden stellt ein verhältnismäßig neues Datierverfahren dar. Es ermöglicht die Altersbestimmung von Sedimenten und damit die Quantifizierung von geomorphologischen Prozessen, wie Erosion, Akkumulation und Flusseintiefung. Das Verfahren bedient sich dabei des Zerfalls von zuvor in situ produzierten kosmogenen Nukliden und kann auf sedimentäre Ablagerungen wie Höhlenfüllungen, Schwemmfächer, Flussterrassen, Deltaschüttungen und Dünen angewendet werden. Durch die Verwendung des erprobten 10Be/26Al Nuklidpaares erlaubt die Methode die Bestimmung eines numerischen Alters von quarzführendem Material über einen Zeitbereich von ~100 ka bis 5 Ma. In diesem Zeitabschnitt ist datierfähiges Material für andere Methoden oftmals nicht oder nur unzureichend vorhanden. Viele Studien konnten bereits die erfolgreiche Anwendung von in situ produzierten kosmogenen Nukliden in den verschiedensten wissenschaftlichen Bereichen, darunter zum Beispiel in der (Quartär)Geologie, Geomorphologie und Paläoanthropologie, belegen. Dennoch können die zur Zeit nur ungenügend genau bestimmten physikalischen Größen, wie zum Beispiel die Nuklidhalbwertszeiten oder die tiefenabhängigen Nuklidproduktionsraten zu vergleichsweise großen Unsicherheiten führen. Trotz dieser Nachteile stellt die Methode eine vielversprechende Möglichkeit der numerischen Altersbestimmung dar.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; sediment ; geochronology ; cosmogenic nuclides ; burial dating ; numerical age determination
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 49
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    C. Area between the Scandinavian and the Alpine Glaciation: 1. Periglacial Sediments and their Stratigraphy (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; stratigraphy ; loess ; sediment ; periglacial ; eolian sand ; solifluction deposit ; gravel terrace
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
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  • 50
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    Ein bedeutsames Quartärprofil in einer Höhlenruine bei Hunas/Hartmannshof (Nördliche Frankenalb) (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Zum ersten Mal wird von authentischer Seite ausführlicher über die Ergebnisse einer seit 7 Jahren im Gebiete der nördlichen Frankenaib durchgeführten paläontologisch-urgeschichtlichen Grabung berichtet. Das in einer Höhlenruine bei Hunas (ca. 40 km östlich von Nürnberg) erschlossene vielgliederige Schichtenprofil reicht vom Würm über das Riß-Würm-Interglazial bis in das Riß zurück. Diese Datierung kann sich nicht allein auf eine reiche Ausbeute an Saugetierresten stützen, sondern findet ihre weitere Untermauerung auch durch die petrographisch-pedologische Untersuchung des Sedimentmaterials. Besondere Bedeutung erlangt der Fundplatz schließlich durch die Entdeckung von insgesamt über 250 ortsfremden Silices, die aus nicht weniger als 5 verschiedenen Niveaus des Riß-Würm und des Riß stammen.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; paläontologie ; würm ; säugetierreste ; höhlenruine ; sediment ; riß-würm-interglazial ; petrographie ; pedologie ; quartärprofil ; hunas/hartmannshof ; frankenalb ; urgeschichte ; nürnberg ; silices ; wurm
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 51
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    Sedimente und Formen der glazialen Serie (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Der Begriff der glazialen Serie, welcher seit seiner Bildung weitgehend nur geomorphologisch verstanden und weiterentwickelt wurde, wird kritisch überprüft. Die Grundlagen dazu lieferten eingehende Kartierungen glazigener und glazialer Sedimente im württembergischen Alpenvorland (Oberschwaben) und Übersichtsbegehungen im bayerischen Alpenvorland und im Schweizer Mittelland. Sedimentologisch müssen bei der glazialen Serie weitere Schichten ausgesondert werden, als dies bisher üblich war. An Stelle der bisher kartierten teilweise recht mächtigen Grundmoräne im Rückland des Maximalwalles, kommen weitgehend nur Schmelzwassersedimente vor. Eine sedimentologische Bearbeitung der verschiedenen Schichten der glazialen Serie erlaubt es, für die einzelnen Schichten charakteristische Kennzeichen herauszustellen (Tab. 1). Mit Hilfe dieser geologisch-sedimentologischen Kriterien folgt: Die bisherige geomorphologische Ansprache der Formen in der bisherigen „Jungmoränenlandschaft" und der bisherigen „Altmoränenlandschaft" hält den Kriterien einer modernen und auf rezenten Beispielen begründeten Sedimentansprache nicht mehr stand. An Stelle des bisher üblichen morphologischen Landschaftsbegriffs der „kuppigen Grundmoränenlandschaft" ist jetzt derjenige der „kuppigen Schmelzwasserlandschaft" zu setzen. Beim Abschmelzen erfolgte in der Nähe des häufig oszillierenden Eisrandes ein lebhafter Wechsel zwischen der schwemmkegelartigen Akkumulation von Schmelzwassersedimenten und deren Umlagerung durch kurze Zeit später eintretende Erosion. Nachdem das Schmelzwasser als das entscheidende Agens für die Gestaltung des Raumes im Hinterland der Jeweiligen Maximalmoräne einer Eiszeit erkannt ist, treffen die alteingeführten Begriffe „Jung"- und „Altmoränenlandschaft" sinngemäß nicht mehr zu. Diese deuten Ja auf die Genese der Landschaft durch das Eis. Es ist in diesem Fall wohl besser, von der „würmeiszeitlichen kuppigen Schmelzwasserlandschaft" bzw. von der „Jüngeren kuppigen Schmelzwasserlandschaft" und der „rißeiszeitlichen kuppigen Schmelzwasserlandschaft" bzw. der „alten (kuppigen) Schmelzwasserlandschaft" bzw. der „alten (kuppigen) Schmelzwasserlandschaft" zu sprechen. Als Abkürzungen für diese langen Worte wird vorgeschlagen „Jüngere Eisrandlandschaft" und „ältere Eisrandlandschaft" zu verwenden.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; oberschwaben ; würm ; alpenvorland ; geomorphologie ; moräne ; eiszeit ; glazial ; sediment ; baden-württemberg ; schweizer mittelland ; schmelzwasser ; wurm
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 52
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    Die Höhenlage der Schichtengrenze Tertiär—Quartär im mittleren Oberschwaben. (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Erstmals wird eine Karte der Höhenlage der Tertiär-Quartär-Grenze für ein größeres Gebiet des württembergischen Alpenvorlandes vorgelegt. Das untersuchte Gebiet umfaßt eine Fläche von 310 km². Es wird von ca. 20 km³ quartären Sedimenten bedeckt. Davon entfallen allein 5 km³ auf das Wurzacher Becken und fast 6 km³ auf den recht kleinen Anteil des Untersuchungsgebietes am Schussenbecken. Die Karte der Quartär-Untergrenze (Taf.) erlaubt interessante Rückschlüsse besonders für die Glazialmorphologie.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551 ; 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; oberschwaben ; glazialmorphologie ; alpenvorland ; quartär ; tertiär ; württemberg ; sediment ; geophysik ; schichtengrenze ; wurzacher becken ; schussenbecken ; volumen
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 53
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    Zur Altersfrage der mitteleuropäischen Terrae calcis (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-05
    Beschreibung: Vom Standpunkte der Quartärstratigraphie können die Terrae calcis-Böden wichtige Leithorizonte bieten, da ihre Entstehung auf warmzeitiiche Klimabedingungen zurückgeht. Zunächst muß allerdings das Alter von einzelnen Terrae calcis-Typen und -Varietäten möglichst genau bestimmt werden. Beste Anhaltspunkte für die Altersbestimmung von Terrae calcis bieten die Ausgangsgesteine bekannten Alters und das Verhältnis zur Erosion. Als Hilfskriterien können die fossilführenden Terrae calcis-Sedimente in Karsthohlräumen und das gegenseitige Verhältnis von einzelnen Terrae caicis-Typen in den Aufschlüssen angeführt werden. Die besten Ergebnisse wurden bisher auf Grund von Untersuchungen der Terrae calcis aus Travertinen und Kalkbreccien gewonnen, die altersmäßig in verschiedene Phasen des Jungtertiärs und Quartärs gehören. Aus vergleichenden Studien im Karpatenraum geht eindeutig hervor, daß die jüngsten allitischen Terra rossa-Bildungen nur auf pliozänen Travertinen zu finden sind. Auf den Travertinen der pleistozänen Warmzeiten, abgesehen von den letztinterglazialen, ist üblicherweise die Terra fusca ausgebildet. Nur ausnahmsweise wurde flachgründige Terra fusca auch auf den letztinterglazialen (Eem-) Travertinen nachgewiesen, während die holozänen Quellkalke lediglich Rendsinen tragen. Aus den angeführten Anhaltspunkten ergibt sich somit, daß die jüngsten allitischen Terra-rossa-Bildungen endtertiär bzw. höchstens ältestpleistozän sind. Die Terra fusca ist eine bezeichnende Bildung der pleistozänen Interglaziale, während im Postglazial nur eine sehr beschränkte, lokale Entstehung dieses Bodens anzunehmen ist. Aus einigen Befunden in den Karsthohlräumen kann geschlossen werden, daß siallitische Terra rossa auch in den ältestpleistozänen Warmzeiten gebildet wurde. Wenn diese Gesetzmäßigkeiten noch an mehreren Fundstellen in verschiedenen Landschaften bestätigt würden, könnten die einzelnen Terrae calcis-Typen gute Alterskriterien in solchen Gebieten bieten, wo andere Anhaltspunkte nicht zur Verfügung stehen.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; mitteleuropa ; geologie ; pliozän ; terrae calcis ; travertine ; quellkalk ; jungtertiär ; quartärstratigraphie ; klima ; quartär ; sediment ; tschechoslowakei ; erosion ; karsthohlraum ; kalkbreccien ; karpaten ; allitisch ; terra rossa ; terra fusca ; rendsinen
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 54
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    Recycling and Burial of Biogenic Silica in an Open Margin Oxygen Minimum Zone (2021)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-21
    Beschreibung: An extensive data set of biogenic silica (BSi) fluxes is presented for the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) at 11°S and 12°S. Each transect extends from the shelf to the upper slope (∼1,000 m) and dissects the permanently anoxic waters between ∼200 and 500 m water depth. BSi burial (2,100 mmol m−2 yr−1) and recycling fluxes (3,300 mmol m−2 yr−1) were highest on the shelf with mean preservation efficiencies (34% ± 15%) that exceed the global mean of 10%–20%. BSi preservation was highest on the inner shelf (up to 56%), decreasing to 7% and 12% under anoxic waters and below the OMZ, respectively. The data suggest that the main control on BSi preservation is the rate at which reactive BSi is transported away from undersaturated surface sediments by burial and bioturbation to the underlying saturated sediment layers where BSi dissolution is thermodynamically and/or kinetically inhibited. BSi burial across the entire Peruvian margin between 3°S to 15°S and down to 1,000 m water depth is estimated to be 0.1–0.2 Tmol yr−1; equivalent to 2%–7% of total burial on continental margins. Existing global data permit a simple relationship between BSi rain rate to the seafloor and the accumulation of unaltered BSi, giving the possibility to reconstruct rain rates and primary production from the sediment archive in addition to benthic Si turnover in global models.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Biogenic silica (BSi) preservation is high on the shelf and low under predominantly anoxic bottom waters BSi burial across the Peruvian margin down to 1,000 m water depth accounts for up to 7% of the global burial on continental margins Existing global data permit a simple relationship between BSi accumulation and rain rate
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Schlagwort(e): 551.9 ; burial ; flux ; oxygen minimum zone ; Peru ; sediment ; silica
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  • 55
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    Efficient Extraction of Past Seawater Pb and Nd Isotope Signatures From Southern Ocean Sediments (2021)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-21
    Beschreibung: Radiogenic lead (Pb) and neodymium (Nd) isotope compositions extracted from authigenic phases in marine sediments are sensitive tracers to reconstruct past ocean circulation and water mass mixing. Chemical reductive leaching of hydrogenetic ferromanganese oxyhydroxides from bulk sediments is the most practical way to recover past seawater Pb and Nd isotope signatures in the Southern Ocean, due to the scarcity of alternative archives. However, the leached signal could be compromised if substantial quantities of Pb and Nd were released from non‐hydrogenetic sediment fractions during chemical extraction. Here we developed a very short 10‐s leaching method to extract reliable seawater Pb and Nd isotope signals from sediments in the Atlantic sector of Southern Ocean. The effect of a previously recommended MgCl2 pre‐wash, the role of chelate ligands in the leaching solution and length of leaching time were investigated. The results show that 10‐s exposure time of sediments to reductive leaching extracted sufficient and more reliable hydrogenetic Pb and Nd compared with the commonly used 30‐min leaching approaches. The robustness of our improved leaching method was validated via direct comparison of Pb and Nd isotope signatures with actual seawater, porewater, and corresponding sediment leachates from three stations in front of the Antarctic Filchner‐Rønne Ice Shelf. Our findings also indicate that in contrast previously studied sites on the West Antarctic continental shelf, the bottom seawater Nd concentration is less elevated through benthic fluxes in the area of the southern Weddell Sea shelf.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Individual modern ocean water masses can often be identified by the isotopic signature of dissolved trace metals lead (Pb) and neodymium (Nd) supplied from surrounding continents. By analyzing past seawater Pb and Nd isotope ratios preserved in the sedimentary archives, we can understand how the ocean circulation changed. In the Southern Ocean, archives preserving past seawater Pb and Nd isotope compositions are very scarce. Thus, the chemical extraction of Pb and Nd from seawater‐derived ferromanganese oxyhydroxides within deep marine sediments becomes the most practical way to recover past seawater signal. However, Southern Ocean sediments commonly contain substantial quantities of Antarctic continental fine‐grained sediment, which easily partially dissolve during extraction, thereby releasing Pb and Nd, which did not originate from past ambient seawater. Here we established a gentle and efficient extraction method to obtain reliable past Southern Ocean seawater signatures. In addition, via analysis of regional seawater‐derived Pb and Nd signatures in the Atlantic sector of Southern Ocean, we found that the sediments further away from Antarctica and volcanically active regions are better suited to preserve unaltered seawater Pb and Nd isotope signals, which strongly supports the unique possibility of tracing past water mass sourcing in the Southern Ocean with our analytical approach.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: 10‐s reductive leaching is capable of reliably extracting seawater Pb and Nd isotope signals from Southern Ocean sediments. Natural porewater Pb isotopic compositions are analyzed for the first time in front of the Antarctic Filchner‐Rønne Ice Shelf. Identify potential sites for extracting seawater Pb and Nd isotopic signatures from bulk sediments in the Atlantic sector of Southern Ocean.
    Beschreibung: China Scholarship Council (CSC)
    Schlagwort(e): 551.9 ; Fe‐Mn oxyhydroxides ; Nd isotopes ; Pb isotopes ; reductive leaching ; sediment ; Southern Ocean
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  • 56
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    Eine vollständige Folge quartärer Sedimente in Ungarn (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Seit 1964 erfolgt im Ungarischen Becken eine ausführliche Untersuchung der quartären und oberpliozänen Sedimente. Mehrere Bohrungen mit vollem Kerngewinn sind abgeteuft worden, davon eine bei der Gemeinde Jászladány. Sie erreichte eine Teufe von 950 m (Abb. 2). Das Material war außerordentlich reich an Fossilresten und gab Gelegenheit, die Klimageschichte des Quartärs im Ungarischen Becken zu entziffern. Da es sich hier um einen ständig sinkenden Krustenteil handelt, der zu einem mit limnischen, fluviatilen und äolischen Bildungen gefüllten Becken wurde, in welchem die Erosion entweder keine oder eine nur sehr geringe Rolle spielt, scheint die Klimageschichte komplett zu sein. Die Sedimentations-Zyklen, die sehr charakteristisch sind (Abb. 1), erlauben auch eine Klarstellung der Senkungsetappen. Das Pleistozän ist in der Bohrung Jászladány 424 m mächtig, das Holozän 8 m, insgesamt das Quartär 432 m. Diese Serie besteht aus 10 Sedimentationszyklen, die eine treppenartige Senkung darstellen (Abb. 3). Sediment-Material ist Lehm, Schluff und Feinsand, nur in den tiefsten Komplexen und an den Zyklengrenzen sind mittelkörnige Sande zu beobachten. Die mineralogische Zusammensetzung der Sande zeigt 11 wesentliche Änderungen des Abtragungsfeldes, die in Zusammenhang mit wechselseitigen tektonischen Bewegungen der Randgebiete stehen. Mit Hilfe der paläontologischen Daten kann man während des Quartärs 20—30 größere und kleinere klimatische Änderungen unterscheiden. Erstrangige Beweise dafür liefern die Pollen, die in sehr großer Zahl in den aus dem Quartär entnommenen Proben vorhanden sind. Die vielen klimatischen Perioden des Pleistozäns kann man in drei größeren Gruppen einreihen (Abb. 8): Die Schichten aus 8—129 m Teufe repräsentieren eine Klimaperiode mit im allgemeinen kalten und trockenen Klima mit einigen feuchteren und temperierten Perioden. Die Schichten von 129—285 m Teufe wurden während einer mäßig warmen und im allgemeinen trockenen Klimaperiode abgelagert. Während der Bildung der Schichten von 285—432 war das Klima warm, am Anfang und Ende feucht, in der Mitte meist trocken. Als Beweise dazu dienen die paläontologischen Tabellen und Abbildungen 4—7. Nach den heutigen Krustenbewegungen gerechnet kann die Zeitdauer der Sedimentation der quartären Schichten mit 1.3—1.4 Millionen Jahren geschätzt werden.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; pleistozän ; ungarn ; molluskenfauna ; holozän ; klimageschichte ; quartär ; sediment ; pollen ; ostrakoden ; erosion ; ungarisches becken ; jászladány ; fossilreste ; mammalier ; schnecken
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 57
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    Zur Genese der Böden aus Hochflutlehm auf der Niederterrasse im Räume Bonn-Köln-Krefeld (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Eingehende Profiluntersuchungen von Böden aus den Hochflutlehmen der Niederterrasse haben ergeben, daß es sich hier nicht, wie bisher angenommen, um Parabraunerden, sondern um spezifische, außerordentlich stark durch hydromorphe Einflüsse geprägte schichtige Sedimente mit einem Phasenwechsel zum terrestrischen Boden handelt. Für sie wurde der Typenname „Altvega" vorgeschlagen. Es wurden synsedimentäre Tonverlagerungen und Gefügeausbildungen festgestellt, wodurch der Indikatorwert der Tondurchschlämmung eingeschränkt wird.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; geologie ; mikromorphologie ; hochflutlehm ; bonn ; köln ; krefeld ; bodenentwicklung ; parabraunerde ; niederterrasse ; böden ; boden ; sediment ; petrographie ; genese ; altvega ; hydromorph ; synsedimentäre tonverlagerung ; gefügeausbildung ; tonmineral ; tondurchschlämmung ; entkalkung ; silikatverwitterung ; eisenkonkretion
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 58
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    Drucktexturen in eiszeitlichen Sedimenten (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; rehburger stadium ; inlandeis ; eiszeit ; textur ; sediment ; drucktextur ; lagerungsstörung ; eisdruck ; dynamische druckstörungen ; dynamische drucktextur ; stauchmoräne ; Abscherung ; statische drucktextur ; kernkames ; kernaufpressung
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 59
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    Klima und Tektonik des Pleistozäns von Northeim (2011)
    Geozon Science Media
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Nachdem in einer anderen Arbeit pleistozäne tektonische Bewegungen aus dem Gebiet nördlich von Northeim beschrieben worden sind, werden jetzt durch neue Bohrungen Verstellungen nachgewiesen, die den elster/saale-interglazialen Ton von Northeim betroffen haben. Die durch eine der Bohrungen angetroffenen Sedimente werden petrographisch beschrieben und paläoklimatologisch ausgedeutet. Dabei werden die Begriffe ϱ-Divergenz und ϱ-Konvergenz verwendet; sie gestatten Rückschlüsse auf die Art des Transportmediums.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; VAR 000 ; Glazialgeologie ; pleistozän ; northeim ; klima ; tektonik ; sediment ; verstellung ; elster-saale-eiszeit ; ton ; petrographie ; paläoklimatologie ; ϱ-divergenz ; ϱ-konvergenz
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
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  • 60
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    Effect of some environmental factors on the acute toxicity of deltamethrin to common carp: a laboratory study under aerobic condition (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16610 | 12051 | 2015-04-09 12:36:22 | 16610 | Indian Fisheries Association
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-07
    Beschreibung: The toxicity of xenobiotic in aquatic ecosystems is influenced by many factors such as ambient temperature, water hardness, pond soil type, etc. In the present study, it was observed that air temperature, water hardness and soil sediment have profound influence on the toxicity of deltamethrin to common carp fry (ay. length 3.5 ± 0.5 cm, ay. weight 0.58 ± 0.25 g); 96h LC(sub)50 values for common carp at 38.07 ± 2.20°C maximum and 27.86 ± 1.22°C minimum air temperature in soft and very hard water were 0.102 and 0.495 µg lˉ¹, respectively. This value had increased significantly to 2.37 and 3.02 µg at 30.55 ± 1.21°C maximum and 26.04 ± 0.61°C minimum air temperature, respectively. When sediment was included, 96h LC(sub)50 at 38.07°C maximum temperature in very hard water was 1.808 µg 1ˉ¹ and this had increased to 8.073 µg 1ˉ¹ when tested at 30.55°C maximum temperature. Due to the 7.5°C increase in maximum and 1.7°C in minimum temperature, toxicity increased significantly. Lower toxicity in very hard water in comparison to soft water may be due to the lower solubility of deltarnethrin and high level of calcium. Adsorption reaction of deltamethrin with clay, humus, FeOOH, MnOOH and particulate organic carbon, and complexation reaction with dissolved organic carbon were responsible for the lowered toxicity in the experiment with sediment. Exposure time had no significant effect on acute toxicity of deltamethrin.
    Schlagwort(e): Pollution ; deltamethrin ; pesticids ; common carps ; temperature ; water hardness ; sediment
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 31-40
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  • 61
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    Copper, zinc, iron and manganese in sediments and in the rock oyster Saccostrea cucullata in Mumbai coast (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16609 | 12051 | 2015-04-09 12:36:35 | 16609 | Indian Fisheries Association
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-07
    Beschreibung: Sediment and oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) samples were collected at Dhanda, a fishing village in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The samples were analysed for copper, zinc, iron and manganese contents. Metal concentrations in the sediments and bioaccumulated levels in oysters were correlated. There is no positive correlation between the total sedimentary levels of metals analysed and the bioaccumulated levels of respective metals in oyster. A positive correlation between the bioavailable fractions of zinc, iron and manganese, and the bioaccumulated levels exists. Copper, however, shows a negative correlation with respect to the bioaccumulated levels.
    Schlagwort(e): Pollution ; Saccostrea cucullata ; zinc ; iron ; manganese ; copper ; oyster ; sediment ; Mumbai ; Maharashtra ; India
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 23-29
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  • 62
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    Determination of heavy metal content in commercial marine fish hunted from southeast Aegean Sea (Turkey) and their potential risk for public health (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21770 | 18721 | 2017-11-30 07:25:30 | 21770 | University of Guilan, Faculty of Natural Resources, Iran
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-01
    Beschreibung: In this study, heavy metals such as Al, Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb etc. content in liver, muscle and gill of three economical marine species [striped seabream (Lithognathus mormyrus Linneaus, 1758), two-band bream (Diplodus vulgaris Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) and Common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus Linneaus, 1758)] obtained from 4 stations (Fethiye, Bodrum, Datça, Marmaris) in South Aegean coast were analyzed. After tissues were mineralized with wet-ashing, their heavy metal concentrations were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). According to the findings, sediment samples had more heavy metals than water samples and none of heavy metal concentrations in the water samples exceeded national legal limits. Furthermore it was reported that the accumulation of heavy metal in liver and gill was the highest whereas in muscle the proportion was the lowest. Results showed that the mean concentration of the studied heavy metals in muscle tissues did not pose a risk in terms of public health in comparison with the international standards.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Pollution ; determination ; heavy metal ; commercial ; marine fish ; potential risk ; public health ; sediment ; water ; common pandora ; two-band Bream ; striped seabream
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-13
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  • 63
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    Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water, sediment and tissues of five sturgeon species in the southern Caspian Sea coastal regions (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21710 | 18721 | 2017-11-27 14:05:19 | 21710 | University of Guilan, Faculty of Natural Resources, Iran
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-29
    Beschreibung: Concentration levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) consisting of naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorine, phenantherene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene and benzo(g,h,i)perylene were measured in water and sediment samples collected from the southern Caspian Sea coasts at four stations of Noshahr, Freydoonkenar, Sari and Amirabad during autumn, winter and spring of 2005-2006. Also, tissue samples from five sturgeon species including stellate sturgeon, Persian sturgeon, beluga, Russian sturgeon and ship sturgeon were obtained. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography after the extraction process and the obtained data were statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA analysis at confidence level 95%. The mean concentrations of PAHs in water and sediment samples were 0.004-2.946 mgl-1 and 0.024- 2.336 µg g-1, respectively. No significant difference was found in the mean concentrations of PAHs among stations and seasons of the examined samples. Also, mean concentration of PAHs in the liver, muscles,gills, kidney and gonads of five sturgeon species was 0.81-1.34 µgg-1. The results of this study show that the levels of PAHs in water, sediment and sturgeon organs were below the acceptable levels of PAHs proposed by USEPA and WHO.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; determination ; polycyclic ; aromatic ; hydrocarbons ; PAHs ; water ; sediment ; tissues ; sturgeon ; species ; Caspian Sea ; Iran ; naphthalene ; acenaphthylene ; acenaphthene ; fluorine ; phenantherene ; anthracene ; fluoranthene ; pyrene ; benzo ; anthracene ; chrysene ; benzo ; fluoranthene ; benzo ; fluoranthene
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 135-144
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  • 64
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    A preliminary study on the heavy metal levels in Ophelia bicornis (Savigny, 1820) in the Black Sea (2021)
    In:  pjms_ku@yahoo.com | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26603 | 25017 | 2019-06-04 06:54:17 | 26603 | University of Karachi. Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-24
    Beschreibung: In the current work, the levels of mercury, cadmium, lead, copper and zinc have been determined in Ophelia bicornis and in sediments collected seasonally from the Sinop coast of the southern Black Sea in 2015. Hg and Pb levels were usually greater in sediment than those in worms. Cd, Cu and Zn levels, however, were higher in the worm samples. Zn had the maximum concentration factor average and Pb displayed the minimum concentration factor value. It may be turned out that O. bicornis has capability to accumulate the heavy metals from the marine ecosystem and it will be used as a bio-monitor species for Cd, Cu and Zn in the Black Sea.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Ophelia bicornis ; heavy metals ; sediment ; concentration factor ; the Black Sea.
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 93-100
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  • 65
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    Evaluation of salmon and steelhead spawning habitat quality in the South Fork Trinity River Basin, 1997 (2021)
    California Department of Fish and Game | Sacramento, CA
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2845 | 8 | 2011-09-29 18:14:52 | 2845 | California Department of Fish and Game
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-29
    Beschreibung: Sediment sampling was used to evaluate chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (O. mykiss) spawning habitat quality in the South Fork Trinity River (SFTR) basin. Sediment samples were collected using a McNeil-type sampler and wet sieved through a series of Tyler screens (25.00 mm, 12.50 mm, 6.30 mm, 3.35 mm, 1.00 mm, and 0.85 mm). Fines (particles 〈 0.85 mm) were determined after a l0-minute settling period in Imhoff cones. Thirteen stations were sampled in the SFTR basin: five stations were located in mainstem SFTR between rk 2.1 and 118.5, 2 stations each were located in EF of the SFTR, Grouse Creek, and Madden Creek, and one station each was located in Eltapom and Hayfork Creeks. Sample means for fines(particles 〈 0.85 mm) fer SFTR stations ranged between14.4 and 19.4%; tributary station sample mean fines ranged between 3.4 and 19.4%. Decreased egg survival would be expected at 4 of 5 mainstem SFTR stations and at one station in EF of SFTR and Grouse Creek where fines content exceed 15%. Small gravel/sand content measured at all stations were high, and exceed levels associated with reduced sac fry emergence rates. Reduction of egg survival or sac fry emergence due to sedimentation in spawning gravels could lead to reduced juvenile production from the South Fork Trinity River.(PDF contains 18 pages.)
    Schlagwort(e): Ecology ; Fisheries ; Earth Sciences ; sediment ; habitat ; chinook salmon ; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ; steelhead ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; South Fork Trinity River Basin ; Grouse Creek ; Madden Creek ; Eltapom Creek ; Hayfork Creek
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 66
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    Effects of macrobenthos on sediment-water oxygen and ammonium fluxes. Final Report. (2021)
    University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2840 | 130 | 2013-11-05 00:16:29 | 2840 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-29
    Beschreibung: Sediments are an important location in determining the fate of nutrients entering the estuary. Role of sediments needs to be incorporated into water quality models. Purpose of this study was to estimate the portion of sediment oxygen consumption (SOC) and sediment ammonium (NH4+) release directly attributable to benthic invertebrates via the respiratory use of oxygen and catabolic release of ammonium.Samples were collected at 8 locations from August 1985 through November 1988. (PDF contains 45 pages)
    Beschreibung: United States Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experimental Station
    Beschreibung: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Schlagwort(e): Ecology ; Chemistry ; Environment ; macrobenthos ; sediment ; oxygen ; Ammonium ; Fluxes ; respiration rates ; bivalve ; algorithms ; nitrogen excretion rates ; benthic ; macroinvertebrate ; Chesapeake Bay ; nutrients ; phytoplankton
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 67
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    Sediment Properties Drive Spatial Variability of Potential Methane Production and Oxidation in Small Streams (2021)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-10-14
    Beschreibung: Emissions of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) from streams and rivers are a significant component of global freshwater methane emissions. The distribution of CH4 production and oxidation within stream sections and in vertical sediment profiles is not well understood, and the environmental controls on CH4 production and emission in such systems create a significant challenge for assessing larger-scale dynamics. Here we investigate factors driving the spatial variability of sediment potential methane production (PMP) and potential methane oxidation (PMO) in a temperate stream network in Germany. PMP was highly variable, ranging from 5 × 10−4 to 28.58 μg CH4 gDW−1 d−1 and PMO ranged from 0.43 μg CH4 gDW−1 d−1 to 14.41 μg CH4 gDW−1 d−1. Important drivers of spatial variability of PMP and PMO in the sediments of the stream main-stem were related to fine sediment fraction and organic carbon content. At smaller spatial scale, that is, in a sub-catchment stream section, the drivers were more complex and included sediment nitrogen and organic carbon content, as well as porewater dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic matter quality, and metal concentrations. As with reservoirs and impounded rivers, fine sediment deposition and organic carbon content were found to be key controls on the spatial variability of CH4 production and oxidation. These findings enhance our understanding of CH4 dynamics, improve the potential for identifying CH4 production hotspots in small streams, and provide a potential means for upscaling emission rates in larger-scale assessments.
    Schlagwort(e): 551.9 ; carbon cycle ; streams ; methane ; sediment ; porewater ; grain size
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: map
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  • 68
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    Distribution of mercury in a tropical estuary (India) situated near a chloro-alkali plant (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/17705 | 17342 | 2015-09-15 09:34:44 | 17705 | University of Karachi. Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-27
    Beschreibung: The distribution of mercury in water, sediment and some biological samples of the Rushikulya estuary, east coast of India were assessed during Jan-Dec. 1989. Both the dissolved plus acid leachable mercury contents in water and the sediment mercury discerned conspicuous spatial and seasonal fluctuations. Adsorption on to the suspended particulates was found to be the most likely mechanism for removal of mercury from the water column. Exchange of mercury from sediments to water was observed at high salinities (20-30x10-3). The residual mercury contents in the biological samples revealed that bio-accumulation by bottom-dwelling organisms are higher than the pelagic components.
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Limnology ; Pollution ; mercury contamination ; water ; sediment ; biotic samples
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 95-105
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  • 69
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    Silicon Isotopes in an EMIC's Ocean: Sensitivity to Runoff, Iron Supply, and Climate (2021)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-10-26
    Beschreibung: The isotopic composition of Si in biogenic silica (BSi), such as opal buried in the oceans' sediments, has changed over time. Paleorecords suggest that the isotopic composition, described in terms of δ30Si, was generally much lower during glacial times than today. There is consensus that this variability is attributable to differing environmental conditions at the respective time of BSi production and sedimentation. The detailed links between environmental conditions and the isotopic composition of BSi in the sediments remain, however, poorly constrained. In this study, we explore the effects of a suite of offset boundary conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) on the isotopic composition of BSi archived in sediments in an Earth System Model of intermediate complexity (EMIC). Our model results suggest that a change in the isotopic composition of Si supply to the glacial ocean is sufficient to explain the observed overall low(er) glacial δ30Si in BSi. All other processes explored trigger model responses of either wrong sign or magnitude or are inconsistent with a recent estimate of bottom water oxygenation in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean. Caveats, mainly associated with generic uncertainties in today's pelagic biogeochemical modules, remain.
    Schlagwort(e): 551.9 ; 551.9 ; Earth System Model ; silicon isotopes ; Last Glacial Maximum ; biogeochemical modeling ; ocean ; sediment
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: map
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  • 70
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    A review of aquatic toxicology investigations in Turkish waters. (2023)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-12-15
    Beschreibung: Aquatic toxicity studies have been conducted for many years, and their importance has been understood for some time. The need for aquatic toxicity studies arises from the widespread use of chemicals in many different industries, such as agriculture, manufacturing, and energy production. These chemicals can enter aquatic environments through various means, including runoff from fields, discharges from factories, and spills or leaks from storage tanks or pipelines. Once in the aquatic environment, these chemicals can have harmful effects on aquatic life, including fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and algae. By conducting aquatic toxicity studies, researchers can gain a better understanding of the potential harmful effects of chemicals on aquatic life and ecosystems and can inform decisions about their use and regulation to protect the environment. This review summarizes the available aquatic toxicity studies in Turkish waters.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Refereed
    Schlagwort(e): Toxicology ; water ; sediment ; lethal concentration ; effective concentration ; bio-monitors ; Turkey ; ASFA_2015::T::Toxicology ; ASFA_2015::W::Water ; ASFA_2015::S::Sediment pollution ; ASFA_2015::T::Toxicity tests ; ASFA_2015::A::Aquatic environment ; ASFA_2015::C::Chemical pollution ; ASFA_2015::P::Pollution effects ; ASFA_2015::A::Aquatic organisms
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
    Format: 1-61
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heterotrophic nitrogen fixation in an intertidal saltmarsh sediment
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 10 (1980), S. 699-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0302-3524
    Schlagwort(e): England coast ; anaerobes ; hydrogen ; nitrogen fixation ; saltmarsh ; sediment ; sulphate ; sulphur bacteria
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0302-3524(80)80097-1
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sewage influence in a macrotidal estuary: Fatty acid and sterol distributions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 34 (1992), S. 347-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Schlagwort(e): Morlaix River estuary ; estuary ; fatty acids ; particulate organic matter ; sediment ; sewage influence ; sterols
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80075-7
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The contribution of Mytilus sp. in radionuclide transfer between water column and sediments in the estuarine and delta systems of the Rhone river
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 34 (1992), S. 593-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Schlagwort(e): Gamma emitters ; Rhone estuary ; biodeposition ; mussel ; sediment ; tritium
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80064-2
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Distribution and Chemical Composition of Particles in a Macrotidal Estuary
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 38 (1994), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Schlagwort(e): Dee Estuary ; fluxes ; particle mixing ; resuspension ; sediment ; trace metals
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1994.1001
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The use of a mathematical model to compare particle size data derived by dry-sieving and laser analysis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 35 (1992), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Schlagwort(e): comparison ; dry-sieving ; laser analysis ; particle size ; sediment
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80059-9
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of microbial biomass and its community structure from the distribution of phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids in sediments of Hiroshima Bay and its adjacent bays
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 34 (1992), S. 501-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Schlagwort(e): Hiroshima Bay ; bacteria ; biomass ; community structure ; phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; sediment ; sulphate-reducing bacteria
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80120-9
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mineralization of Chitin in an estuarine sediment: The importance of the Chitosan pathway
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 19 (1991), S. 395-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Schlagwort(e): Chitin ; chitin deacetylase ; chitinase ; chitosan ; estuary ; sediment
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-1978(91)90056-6
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An analysis of the characteristics of rough bed turbulent shear stresses in an open channel (1997)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 11 (1997), S. 193-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Turbulence ; sediment ; fluvial ; river ; bursting process ; statistics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Entrainment of sediment particles from channel beds into the channel flow is influenced by the characteristics of the flow turbulence which produces stochastic shear stress fluctuations at the bed. Recent studies of the structure of turbulent flow has recognized the importance of bursting processes as important mechanisms for the transfer of momentum into the laminar boundary layer. Of these processes, the sweep event has been recognized as the most important bursting event for entrainment of sediment particles as it imposes forces in the direction of the flow resulting in movement of particles by rolling, sliding and occasionally saltating. Similarly, the ejection event has been recognized as important for sediment transport since these events maintain the sediment particles in suspension. In this study, the characteristics of bursting processes and, in particular, the sweep event were investigated in a flume with a rough bed. The instantaneous velocity fluctuations of the flow were measured in two-dimensions using a small electromagnetic velocity meter and the turbulent shear stresses were determined from these velocity fluctuations. It was found that the shear stress applied to the sediment particles on the bed resulting from sweep events depends on the magnitude of the turbulent shear stress and its probability distribution. A statistical analysis of the experimental data was undertaken and it was found necessary to apply a Box-Cox transformation to transform the data into a normally distributed sample. This enabled determination of the mean shear stress, angle of action and standard error of estimate for sweep and ejection events. These instantaneous shear stresses were found to be greater than the mean flow shear stress and for the sweep event to be approximately 40 percent greater near the channel bed. Results from this analysis suggest that the critical shear stress determined from Shield's diagram is not sufficient to predict the initiation of motion due to its use of the temporal mean shear stress. It is suggested that initiation of particle motion, but not continuous motion, can occur earlier than suggested by Shield's diagram due to the higher shear stresses imposed on the particles by the stochastic shear stresses resulting from turbulence within the flow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02427915
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A New Approach for the Modelling of Sediment Reworking Induced by a Macrobenthic Community (1997)
    Springer
    Acta biotheoretica 45 (1997), S. 295-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8358
    Schlagwort(e): bioturbation ; modelling ; macrobenthic ; sediment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new model of bioturbation has been developed to describe short term sediment reworking induced by macrobenthic communities. The design of the model had to consider the mixing processes, firstly, at the organism level, and secondly, at community level. This paper describes the mixing mode of the four types of bioturbators defined by the authors: the biodiffusors, the upward-conveyors, the downward-conveyors and the regenerators. The mathematical formulation of these sub-models consists of ordinary differential equations. They take into account the size of the bioturbated zone, the output fluxes to the water column, tracer decay, physical mixing due to local currents and the type and intensity of the bioturbation processes. These sub-models make it possible to describe correctly the mixing events that have occurred in cores with each type of bioturbator. They also provide the basis for general bioturbation model, that will take into account the respective degrees of involvement of (i) the different bioturbation processes and their characteristics, (ii) the interference between the different processes, and (iii) make possible to predict the particle reworking in order to include it in studies of organic matter in early diagenesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000636109604
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sediment diffusive fluxes of Fe, Mn, and P in a eutrophic lake: Contribution from lateral vs bottom sediments (1996)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 58 (1996), S. 327-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Schlagwort(e): Iron ; manganese ; phosphate ; sediment ; diffusion ; eutrophic lake
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Water column data and porewater profiles are used to study the chemical evolution with time and with depth of a eutrophic lake. By using different approaches, diffusion fluxes for dissolved iron, manganese and phosphate are calculated and used to describe the processes occurring at the sediment-water interface as well as in the hypolimnion of the lake. These data are used in the elaboration of a qualitative model to describe the chemical behaviour of the sedimentary interface of an anoxic lake with emphasis on the Fe/P/S system. Acorona model is proposed to explain the evolution with time of the diffusion process by estimating the relative contribution of bottom and lateral sediment surfaces to the total fluxes of dissolved elements diffusing from the sediment to the overlying water. As the hypolimnion becomes more anoxic, it has been observed that lateral sediment surfaces (16 to 10 meters in depth) represents a larger supplier of diffusing dissolved components than the bottom sediment portion (bottom to 18 meters).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877474
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microbial potential in deep-sea sediments (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 517-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Bacterial activity ; sediment ; pore water ; deep sea ; electron acceptors ; microcosms ; nitrification ; denitrification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In spite of high pressures and low temperatures in abyssal sediments of the North Atlantic Ocean, bacterial activity is evident and highest in the top 10 cm. At these locations the input of degradable organic material to the deep-sea bottom is low. Oxygen, therefore, remains the dominant oxidant in surface sediments. Although alternative electron acceptors like nitrate, oxidized manganese and sulfate are present in large amounts, they are not utilized in this natural habitat. In sediment cores which were collected from the site for laboratory perturbation studies, it was possible to stimulate microbially mediated processes which are dormant in situ. When the oxygen supply was cut off, nitrate and manganese reduction occurred. Denitrification was the major process observed in the upper anoxic layers, while nitrate-ammonification and manganese reduction occurred in deeper sediment strata (4–8 cm). This is evidence for the presence of a variety of different bacteria and of an anaerobic heterotrophic potential. Most of the activity is located in the top 10 cm of these sediments. The shift to anaerobiosis initiates microbial activities through which metals are converted into their mobile species at the lowered redox potential. Evaluation of the suitability of the deep sea as a repository for waste materials will have to account for the large dormant potential of microbial activities and the consequences of their release by changing the environmental conditions at the sea floor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01949870
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Carbon isotope composition of individual n-alkanes in recent sediments
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Organic Geochemistry 21 (1994), S. 801-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 0146-6380
    Schlagwort(e): IRMS ; carbon isotope ; n-alkanes ; oil pollution ; sediment
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(94)90021-3
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hydrocarbons of the hypersaline basins of Shark Bay, Western Australia
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Organic Geochemistry 8 (1985), S. 313-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0146-6380
    Schlagwort(e): branched alkenes ; cleistanthane ; hydrocarbons ; hypersaline ; sediment
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(85)90010-5
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Accelerated transformation of organic matter below the silica transition zone in immature sediments from the Japan Sea
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Organic Geochemistry 21 (1994), S. 517-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0146-6380
    Schlagwort(e): Japan Sea ; hopane ; molecular parameter ; sediment ; silica ; sterane
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(94)90102-3
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Organic geochemistry of Recent equatorial deltaic sediments
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Organic Geochemistry 10 (1986), S. 711-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 0146-6380
    Schlagwort(e): acid hydrolysis ; carbon/nitrogen ratio ; deltaic environment ; fatty acid ; n-alkane ; organic matter ; particle size fractionation ; sediment
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(86)80007-9
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tectonics and geology of spreading ridge subduction at the Chile Triple Junction: a synthesis of results from Leg 141 of the Ocean Drilling Program (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 83 (1994), S. 832-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Schlagwort(e): Spreading ridge subduction ; Chile Triple Junction ODP Leg [4] ; Tectonics ; Pacific Ocean ; South America Chile ; forearc ; ophiolite ; sediment ; deformation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract An active oceanic spreading ridge is being subducted beneath the South American continent at the Chile Triple Junction. This process has played a major part in the evolution of most of the continental margins that border the Pacific Ocean basin. A combination of high resolution swath bathymetric maps, seismic reflection profiles and drillhole and core data from five sites drilled during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 141 provide important data that define the tectonic, structural and stratigraphic effects of this modern example of spreading ridge subduction. A change from subduction accretion to subduction erosion occurs along-strike of the South American forearc. This change is prominently expressed by normal faulting, forearc subsidence, oversteepening of topographic slopes and intensive sedimentary mass wasting, overprinted on older signatures of sediment accretion, overthrusting and uplift processes in the forearc. Data from drill sites north of the triple junction (Sites 859–861) show that after an important phase of forearc building in the early to late Pliocene, subduction accretion had ceased in the late Pliocene. Since that time sediment on the downgoing oceanic Nazca plate has been subducted. Site 863 was drilled into the forearc in the immediate vicinity of the triple junction above the subducted spreading ridge axis. Here, thick and intensely folded and faulted trench slope sediments of Pleistocene age are currently involved in the frontal deformation of the forearc. Early faults with thrust and reverse kinematics are overprinted by later normal faults. The Chile Triple Junction is also the site of apparent ophiolite emplacement into the South American forearc. Drilling at Site 862 on the Taitao Ridge revealed an offshore volcanic sequence of Plio-Pleistocene age associated with the Taitao Fracture Zone, adjacent to exposures of the Pliocene-aged Taitao ophiolite onshore. Despite the large-scale loss of material from the forearc at the triple junction, ophiolite emplacement produces a large topographic promontory in the forearc immediately after ridge subduction, and represents the first stage of forearc rebuilding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251080
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of cadmium in slurries of marine sediment samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using palladium and phosphate as chemical modifiers (1996)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 124 (1996), S. 251-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): cadmium ; sediment ; slurry ; electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry ; modifiers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract A method for the determination of cadmium in slurries of marine sediment using palladium and phosphate as chemical modifier has been optimized. To stabilize the marine sediment slurry, Triton X-100 at 0.1% was used. To obtain a complete pyrolysis of the slurry sample two mineralization steps were used, the first at 480 °C and the second at 600 °C and 700 °C for phosphate and palladium, respectively. The precision and accuracy of the method have been studied by analyzing the Reference Material PACS-1 (marine sediment) of National Research Council Canada. The detection limits (LOD) were 11.9 μg kg−1 for phosphate and 42.0 μg kg−1 when palladium was used. These methods have been applied to the determination of cadmium in marine sediment samples from the Galicia coast and the results of both methods were compared; no significant differences were found between the two procedures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242823
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of lead and cadmium in sediment slurries by ETA-AAS: A comparison of methods for the preparation and analysis of sediment slurries (1992)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 108 (1992), S. 19-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): lead ; cadmium ; sediment ; slurries ; electrothermal atomization ; atomic absorption spectrometry ETA-AAS
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Comparisons were made of various methods for the homogenization of sediment slurries for the determination of Pb and Cd by ETA-AAS. Homogenization techniques evaluated included the use of impact bead, propeller and foamless generators, vortexing and ultrasonic homogenization. On the basis of precision and accuracy, speed and ease of operation; the ultrasonic homogenization technique was clearly the method of choice. Precision obtained for this method using both reduced PdCl2 modifier and the L'vov platform approaches what is obtained for aqueous solutions. Accuracy for Pb and Cd was excellent using both slurry and aqueous calibration standards with slurry standards being somewhat superior for Cd.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240368
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Slurry sampling for the rapid determination of cobalt, nickel and copper in soils and sediments by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (1999)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 130 (1999), S. 295-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): cobalt ; nickel ; copper ; soil ; sediment ; slurry ; electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Electrothermal atomic absorption procedures for the rapid determination of cobalt, nickel and copper in soil and sediment samples are presented. The samples are suspended in a hydrofluoric acid solution before being injected into the electrothermal atomizer. Prior mild heating in a microwave oven is recommended for nickel and copper determination. No modifier other than hydrofluoric acid is required. The conventional ashing step is unnecessary since the fast-heating programmes lead to well defined atomization profiles with low background levels that can be corrected using a common deuterium device. Calibration is performed directly using aqueous standards. The results obtained for six certified reference materials confirm the reliability of the procedures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242919
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Speciation of butyltin compounds by on line HPLC-ETAAS (1992)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 109 (1992), S. 83-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): tributyltin ; determination ; sediment ; liquid chromatography ; atomic absorption
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Speciation of butyltin compounds by liquid chromatography coupled to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry of toluene solutions containing tropolone is applied to sediment samples. Tributyltin and dibutyltin may be determined at concentrations as low as a few ng · g–1. Monobutyltin is strongly retained, tetrabutyltin is not separated from tributyltin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243215
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Efficiency of tributyltin extraction from rhine river sediment (1992)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 109 (1992), S. 67-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): TBT ; GC-AAS ; sediment ; extraction efficiency
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract A Rhine river sediment sample was spiked with tributyltin (TBT), equilibrated for ten days and the tributyltin extraction efficiency was optimised using a simplex algorithm. Analysis was effected using hydride generation gas chromatography-atomic absorption spectroscopy (GC-AAS) apparatus. The results show that, in this sediment sample, different molarities of HCl in methanol extract different species with varying extraction efficiencies. The least polar extraction solution extracted TBT more efficiently, whilst DBT and MBT require molar solution of HCl in methanol for efficient extraction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243212
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of high-pressure microwave digestion methods for hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometric determination of total selenium and arsenic in sediment (1997)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 127 (1997), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): microwave digestion ; arsenic ; selenium ; hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry ; sediment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Five closed-vessel microwave digestion methods were compared for the accurate determination of arsenic and selenium in NIST SRM 1645 River Sediment by flow-injection hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometric methods. The digestion methods using five different acid mixtures (HNO3/ H2SO4, HNO3/HCl04, HNO3/HCl, HNO3/HCl/HF, HNO3/H2SO4/HClO4) were all found to be reliable for the determination of the analytes. Taking into consideration the safety and suitability for the analysis of other metals, the methods based on the use ofaqua regia are recommended for closed vessel microwave digestion with pressure control. Using the quick digestion program, the presence of up to 10% organic content in soil samples did not adversely affect the closed vessel digestion and did not cause the loss of volatile analytes. After digestion, opening the vessel under an inner pressure of below 345 kPa (50 psi) had no effect on the accuracy of the results. The recommended digestion methods (HNO3/HCl and HNO3/ HCl/HF) for the reliable determination of arsenic and selenium in different sediment samples were demonstrated. The calculated detection limits (3σ b ) were less than 0.030 μg/g and 0.033 μg/g for arsenic and selenium, respectively. All analytical results for arsenic and selenium in SRM 1645 River sediment, NRCC BCSS-1 Marine Sediment and NIES CRM Pond Sediment were within or near the certified and reported ranges, with the exception of selenium in NIES CRM No. 2 Pond Sediment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243168
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biological and abiotic factors influencing the settlement and survival of Salicornia dolichostachya in the intertidal pioneer zone (1999)
    Springer
    Mangroves and salt marshes 3 (1999), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-977X
    Schlagwort(e): erosion ; pioneer vegetation ; salt marsh ; seedlings ; sediment ; shear strength
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract During the last two decades a decrease of salt marsh area of at least 6% was found along the mainland coast of the Dutch Wadden Sea. However, it was not clear what determined the seaward boundary of the pioneer vegetation in this area. In the period 1993–1995, abiotic and biological variables were monitored along a transect from the mudflat to the low salt marsh in two sites, the Negenboerenpolder and the Noordpolder. At the Negenboerenpolder site the pioneer zone extended further from the dike and had a dense cover with vegetation when compared to the Noordpolder site. The observed difference in extension of the pioneer zone could not be attributed to differences in tidal frequency, sedimentation rate or nutrient availability. During the winter a dramatic loss in seed numbers was found at both sites. This loss decreased from mudflat to low marsh. The mud/sand ratio, on the other hand, increased from mudflat to low marsh and was higher in the Negenboerenpolder. The shear strength of the top soil layer measured with an in‐situ erosion flume was correlated to the mud/sand ratio and increased with an increasing mud content of the soil. The strength of the soil seems to be the key factor for the settlement and survival of Salicornia dolichostachya in the pioneer zone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009919008313
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic resonance imaging of the Lake Agassiz–Lake Winnipeg transition (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 19 (1998), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): Lake Winnipeg ; magnetic resonance ; MRI ; SPRITE ; sediment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract As part of the Geologic Survey of Canada (GSC) Lake Winnipeg Study, we have successfully imaged the Lake Agassiz to Lake Winnipeg transition in Section 4 of Core Namao 94-900-122a (i.e., from 313 cm to 465 cm), using a newly-developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique called SPRITE (Single-Point, Ramped Imaging with T1 Enhancement). Whole core, gamma-ray attenuation measurements have been used to calculate the bulk porosity of the sediment at 1 cm intervals for comparison with the SPRITE images. Image contrast and image intensities observed in the SPRITE images of Section 4 are related to local porosity and magnetic susceptibility variations. In general, regions of the core with low signal intensity contain high porosity and low magnetic susceptibility. The best contrast between sediment layers is observed from regions of the core with high magnetic susceptibility. High signal intensity is observed from regions with low porosity and/or high magnetic susceptibility.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007921832589
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lake Winnipeg sediment physical properties: interpretation, composite stratigraphic sections and calibration of acoustic reflection profiles (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 19 (1998), S. 245-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): sediment ; physical properties ; core-correlation ; stratigraphy ; acoustics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract High resolution sediment physical properties, measured on gravity and piston cores collected during cruises to Lake Winnipeg, include bulk density, acoustic velocity, magnetic susceptibility, shear strength and colour reflectance. The high resolution data are used here to construct complete stratigraphic (composite) sections of Lake Winnipeg sediments from a series of individual, discontinuous cores for the North and South Basins. These composite sections are used to evaluate basin-wide glacial and post-glacial depositional histories and to compare the northern and southern basin histories. In addition, these sections provide a baseline depth reference for interpretation of the biostratigraphy, paleomagnetic record and rock magnetic stratigraphy. Some of the data (density and shear strength) are also be used to estimate sediment stress history for the two major lithostratigraphic units and their variations across the basin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007949113025
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A review of factors that regulate carotenoid and chlorophyll deposition and fossil pigment abundance (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 9 (1993), S. 109-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): paleolimnology ; carotenoid ; chlorophyll ; pigment ; sediment ; fossil ; degradation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Limnological surveys show that fossil pigment concentration is an accurate predictor of algal production. However, experimental and mass flux studies indicate that 〉90% of pigment is degraded to colourless compounds before permanent burial. To reconcile these views, this paper reviews current literature on pigment degradation and proposes a hierarchical control model for pigment deposition and fossil abundance. Over the widest range of production, pigment deposition and fossil concentration are proportional to algal standing crop. However, within a narrower range, the actual concentration of pigment in sediments is regulated by photo- and chemical oxidation. Three phases of loss exist: rapid oxidation in the water column (T1/2=days); slower post-depositional loss in surface sediments (T1/2=years); and very slow loss of double bonds in deep sediments (T1/2=centuries). Despite losses during deposition, fossil and algal abundance remain correlated through time, so long as there is no change in basin morphometry, light penetration, stratification or deepwater oxygen content. At the finest scale, food-web processes can increase the preservation of pigments from edible algae by incorporating pigments into feces that sink rapidly and bypass water column losses. As a consequence of selective loss during deposition and initial burial, carotenoid relative abundance is an unreliable measure of phytoplankton community composition. Instead, absolute concentration — scaled to the historical maximum — should be used for fossil interpretations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00677513
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distribution coefficients of210Pb and210Po in laboratory and natural aquatic systems (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 9 (1993), S. 179-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): distribution coefficient ; Kd ; 210Pb ; 210Po ; freshwater ; sediment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract We have measured the distribution coefficient (Kd) of210Po and210Pb in laboratory systems and in natural freshwater systems. In the laboratory systems, an inverse relationship was observed between the particle concentration of sand or lake sediment, and the distribution coefficients of210Po and210Pb. The slope of the log-linearK d vs particle concentration relation is consistent with existingK d-particle concentration theories. These laboratory observations are consistent with similar measurements in two lakes. TheK d values of Po and Pb for the bottom sediment-pore water system with a high particle concentration were 10 to 100 times lower than those for dilute concentrations of particles suspended in the lake water. TheK d of210Pb in the sediments was 〉104 so that the diffusive transport of210Pb has only a small influence on the interpretation of210Pb concentration-depth profiles and the210Pb dating of these sediments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00677519
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experimental determination of carotenoid degradation (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 1 (1988), S. 215-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): Carotenoids ; degradation ; myxoxanthophyll ; β-carotene ; sediment ; paleolimnology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Reversed-phase thin layer chromatography was used to quantify carotenoid degradation resulting from the in vitro decomposition of Oscillatoria utermöhlii. Laboratory conditions simulated lacustrine sediments. The effects of light, oxygen, temperature and the presence of a sedimentary bacterial flora on the rate and extent of degradation were evaluated. Under anaerobic conditions, bacterially-mediated decomposition of O. utermöhlii did not result in statistically significant (P〉0.05) declines in the concentrations of most carotenoids at either 6 °C after 37 weeks or 21 °C after 26 weeks. Light, in the absence of oxygen, did not promote carotenoid degradation. Carotenoid concentrations declined linearly with time (25%–62% lost by 37 weeks) in a dark environment exposed to the atmosphere at 6 °C, but only if algae were exposed to lake sediments or water containing natural, lacustrine bacterial populations. No distinct difference between the rates of carotene and xanthophyll destruction was noted, although myxoxanthophyll was more labile than other cyanophyte carotenoids, especially at 21 °C (85% loss by 26 weeks). Based on these results and published descriptions of algal decomposition kinetics, I conclude that; 1) the high sedimentary carotenoid concentrations typical of productive lakes may reflect a preferential loss of nonpigmented organic matter and, 2) sedimentary bacterial activity alone may not affect the reliability of carotenoids as paleolimnological indicators of past algal abundances in lakes with completely anoxic sediments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177767
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Climatic influences on streamflow and sediment flux into Lake C2, northern Ellesmere Island, Canada (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 16 (1996), S. 133-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): climate ; hydrology ; paleoclimate ; sediment ; arctic ; Ellesmere Island
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Streamflow, suspended sediment transport and meteorological variables at two elevations were measured through the 1990–1992 field seasons at Lake C2, Northern Ellesmere Island, as part of the Taconite Inlet Lakes Project. The objectives were to determine the extent to which suspended sediment flux responded to climatic variability, and to ascertain which meteorological variable was most strongly associated with daily discharge and sediment load. This study provided a partial test of our hypothesis that the annually-laminated sediments of Lake C2 contain a paleoclimate signal. Streamflow to the lake was almost exclusively the result of snowmelt, in response to inputs of atmospheric energy as measured by air temperature at the median watershed elevation (520 m). Sea-level air temperature, global solar and net all-wave irradiance were less clearly associated with discharge. Fluctuations of discharge and suspended sediment concentration were nearly synchronous, and non-linearly related. Daily sediment discharge was therefore linked by streamflow, with a time lag, to the energy available for snowmelt. Mean daily air temperature and cumulative degree-days above 0 °C, at 520 m elevation, were successfully used to predict the daily and seasonal discharge of runoff and sediment to the lake.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176932
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rapid elemental analysis of sediment samples by isotope source XRF (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 23 (2000), S. 213-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): geochemistry ; heavy metals ; palaeolimnology ; sediment ; soil ; X-ray fluorescence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Energy dispersive isotope-source X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysers are little used in academic environmental research, in spite of being ideally suited to a number of tasks. In this paper an XRF method is tested by measuring a wide range of environmental materials of known elemental composition. Precision, accuracy and detection limits are presented. Using isotope-source X-ray fluorescence analysis, the total concentrations of Si, Ti, Ca, K, Fe, Mn, Cl, S, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Zn and Zr can be determined in soils and sediments at a rate of 〉70 samples per day. The combination of speed and accuracy makes the technique ideal for three classes of application within environmental research. First, in sediments and soils that are highly heterogeneous, reliable characterisation is more dependent upon the number of samples measured than on measurement precision or accuracy. Under these circumstances the method is sufficiently accurate to be used alone. This is also the case where there is high and wide ranging contamination of sediment or soil by Pb and Zn. Second, major elements (Si, Ti, Fe, Ca, K and S) can be measured with sufficient accuracy in sediments and soils to aid the interpretation of other sediment chemical analyses. Third, the technique is ideal for the rapid screening of sediment or soil, allowing effective targeting of samples for more time consuming or expensive analyses. The XRF method presented here offers rapid, non-destructive total elemental analysis of sediments and soils that is sufficiently accurate to be useful in environmental research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008053503694
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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