ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (6,468)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (6,468)
  • Physics  (6,468)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
Collection
  • Articles  (6,468)
Publisher
Years
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We observed fluorescence emission from cyclohexane (CH) and methylcyclohexane (MCH) using picosecond pulses at 298-300 nm from a frequency-doubled cavity-dumped R6G dye laser. The emission maxima for CH and MCH are 209 and 215 nm, respectively, which agree with previous studies using vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) excitation near 150 nm. The fluorescence intensities depended quadratically on peak laser intensity indicating two-photon excitation. The intensity decays resulting from two-photon excitation were measured using frequency-domain fluorometry and were found to be nearly singly exponential ranging from 0.59 to 0.80 ns. Two-photon induced fluorescence of cyclic and linear alkanes may provide new intrinsic spectroscopic probes of biological molecules. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The nature of the chromophore binding site of light-adapted bacteriorhodopsin is analyzed by using all-valence electron MNDO and MNDO-PSDCI molecular orbital theory to interpret previously reported linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopic measurements. A total of 45 binding site models are investigated. The binding site is simulated by including the chromophore, the lysine residue (LYS216), the following nearby amino acids (ARG82, ASP85, ASP115, ASP212, THR90, TRP86, TRP138, TRP182, TYR57, TYR83, and TYR185) and zero, one, or two divalent cations. We conclude that the unique two-photon properties of the chromophore are due in part to the electrostatic field associated with a Ca2+ ion near to the chromophore. Four amino acids and three water molecules contribute significantly to the assigned chromophore adjacent calcium binding site (ASP85, ASP212, TYR57 and TYR185), and two conformational minima are predicted. The higher energy conformation has the calcium ion stabilized primarily by ASP85 and the chromophore imine proton by ASP212. The lower energy conformation has the calcium ion stabilized primarily by ASP212 and the imine proton by ASP85. The latter configuration is more stable due to strong hydrogen bonding between TYR185 and ASP212 coupled with electrostatic stabilization of the divalent cation by TYR57. Although both tyrosine residues are predicted to exhibit some “unprotonated” character, models involving full deprotonation of either TYR57 or TYR185 do not fit the spectroscopic data. We conclude that the cation binding site identified in this study is the second high affinity binding site for calcium, and that the chromophore binding site is, to a first approximation, positively charged. The chromophore “1Bu*+” and “1Ag*-” states, despite extensive mixing, exhibit significantly different configurational character. The lowest-lying “1Bu*+” state is dominated by single excitations (〉 80% for all models studied) whereas the second-excited “1Ag*-” state is dominated by double excitations (〉 70% for all models studied with extensive participation by spin-coupled triplet-triplet excitations). © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy is applied to examine interactions between divalent metal ions (M2+) and the COO- groups in the M2+-binding sites of calmodulin as well as effects of M2+ binding on the main chain conformation. Bands due to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretches of the COO- groups in the amino-acid side chains give information on the coordination of the COO- groups to M2+, and the amide-I' bands are useful for studying changes in the secondary structure of the protein main chain upon M2+ binding. Infrared deconvolved spectra as well as second-derivative spectra are sensitive to structural differences among the M2+-bound forms (M2+ = Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Cd2+). Bands at about 1658, 1553, and 1424 cm-1 are characteristic of the Ca2+-bound form, and are called, respectively, marker bands I, II, and III of the active-type protein. The Sr2+- and Cd2+-bound forms show deconvolved and second-derivative spectra similar to those of the Ca2+-bound form, whereas the Mg2+-bound form gives second-derivative and deconvolved spectra close to those of the inactive M2+-free form. Broad parallelism is found to exist between the marker-band intensities of the M2+-bound forms and the abillities of M2+ to stimulate calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase activity. Assignments of the marker bands are discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 71-82 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Fast photovoltage measurements in the pico- and nanosecond time range represent a valuable tool for the study of excitation energy trapping, kinetics of charge separation, and the location of intermediary acceptors in the photosynthetic reaction center. However, data recording and data analysis are complex. In a preceding article (Wulf and Trissl, Biospectroscopy, 1 (1995), pp. xx-xx) we have described the theoretical fundamentals of data analysis. Here we describe the experimental set-up, calibration procedures, and strategies for the determination of the parameters involved. Limitations of the method will be discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic technique coupled with electrochemical oxidation has been used to study the redox-mechanism of 6-mercaptopurine. Electrochemical oxidation of 6-mercaptopurine has been studied in the pH range 2.0-10.0 by linear and cyclic sweep voltammetry, coulometry and constant potential electrolysis. Spectroscopic technique has been used to monitor the clevage of the S—S bond in the UV-absorbing intermediate generated during electrooxidation. The decay has been observed in a pseudo first order reaction. The ultimate products of oxidation in controlled potential electrolysis have been found as 6-mercaptopurine and purine-6-sulfinic acid. Tentative mechanisms for the formation of the products have also been suggested. It is concluded that spectroscopic studies coupled with electrochemical studies provide a uniquely invaluable insight into the redox mechanism of biologically significant molecules. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 101-104 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The conformational A-B transition of natural random-sequence NaDNA can be evoked simply by increasing the water activity in the specimen. Infrared spectroscopic data create a basis for the idea that the relevant solvent action proceeds in a global sense comprising a collective influence of the water molecules belonging to DNA hydration shell rather than by directly bound water molecules. This conclusion is consistent with the results of Molecular Dynamics simulations applied to various DNA fragment-water systems. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We report the measurement of backscattering in-phase dual circular polarization (DCPI) Raman optical activity (ROA) for the simple alanyl peptides L-alanyl-L-alanine ([L-Ala]2), L-alanylglycine (L-Ala-Gly), glycyl-L-alanine (Gly-L-Ala), and L-alanyl-L-alanyl-L-alanine ([L-Ala]3) in aqueous solutions. Empirical correlations between ROA features and the amino acid composition of the peptides are described. It is shown that the sum of the DCPIROA spectra for L-Ala-Gly and Gly-L-Ala is nearly the same as the corresponding ROA spectrum for (L-Ala)2. Additionally, the DCPIROA spectrum for (L-Ala)2 is very close to that of (L-Ala)3, as has been observed previously using backscattering unpolarized incident circular polarization (ICPu) ROA. The ROA contributions of the different L-Ala groups, which occur separately in the two glycyl peptides of alanine and jointly in (L-Ala)2, are described in terms of the extent of vibrational coupling between peptide subunits. From these results, it appears that ROA has a more local sensitivity to vibrational coupling than is found in VCD or electronic circular dichroism. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: As a follow-up to fluorescence and fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy at 170 K of all-trans-spheroidene free in solutionsY. Watanabe, T. Kameyama, Y. Miki, M. Kuki, and Y. Koyama, “The 2′Ag- state and two additional low-lying electronic states of spheroidene newly identified by fluorescence and fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy at 170K,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 206, 62-68 (1993). and bound to the light-harvesting complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1,Y. Koyama, Y. Miki, T. Kameyama, R. J. Cogdell, and Y. Watanabe, “Low-lying electronic levels of spheroidene bound to the light-harvesting (LH2) complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1. as determined by fluorescence and fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy at 170K,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 208, 479-485 (1993). 13′-cis-spheroidene in n-hexane solution has been examined for comparison. All-trans-spheroidene exhibits efficient internal conversion from the 3Ag- to the 2Ag- state and fluorescence from both the 2Ag- and Bu+ states, while 13--cis-spheroidene exhibits internal conversion from the “3Ag-” state to the “Bu+” state and fluorescence only from the “Bu+” state. Thus, all-trans-spheroidene can provide two channels of carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll singlet-energy transfer, while 13′-cis-spheroidene can provide only one. This must be a reason for the natural selection of the all-trans configuration for the light-harvesting function. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 149-156 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: A series of copper bilirubinate complexes (CuBR) was synthesized in solution and in solid state to mimic the black color of the black-pigment gallstone and to explore the formation mechanism of the gallstonein vitro. The variation of the copper contents of these samples indicated that CuBR also exhibits nonstoichiometric characteristics from the FTIR study, i.e., both the so-called acid and neutral copper complex moieties exist in CuBR. The NH groups in pyrrole and lactam groups of bilirubin (H2BR) are binding to the copper ions. An EPR study demonstrates the generation of free radicals and the variation of its electronic structure and conjugation system in the skeleton of H2BR molecule during complex formation. A polymer of CuBR may form through the reaction of H2BR with copper ions. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 157-162 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectra of bilirubin-metal ion (Cu2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Cd2+) complexes (MBR) are reported. These spectra reveal significant differences between MBR and bilirubin (BR) itself. But SERS spectra of bilirubin-Cu2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ complexes are similar to each other. The mole ratio of bilirubin-metal in the complexes M2+ : BR = 1 : 1 was measured. Empirical assignments of the major SERS bands are given. The spectrum of CuBR in solution is consistent with a square planar structure. It should be noted, however, that H2O or COOH of another BR molecule occupy the positions above and below the plane in solutions of complexes of this type and forms Cu—O bond.By comparing the SERS spectra of bilirubin-copper (or zinc) and biliverdin-copper (or zinc) complexes, the similar Raman frequencies and relative intensities were attributed to the oxidation of the bilirubin-copper (or zinc) complex to the green biliverdin-copper (Zn) complexes. It is shown that . © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The amino-acid sequences of the L- and M-subunits of the reaction centers (RC) from four purple photosynthetic bacteria were compared by the use of CLUSMOL/S (Clustering System for Molecules/Sequences), and conserved and character-conserved amino acids were extracted. Extended Hückel molecular orbital (MO) calculations were made, based on the three-dimensional structure of the Rhodopseudomonas viridis RC, for eleven composites of pigments, in which the sidechains (except for aliphatic sidechains) of the above amino acids within a distance of 6 Å from both of each pair of electron donor and acceptor were included. Calculations of the electronic coupling between each pair of donor and acceptor as well as evaluations of mixing of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of one chromophore with the orbitals of another chromophore and amino-acid sidechains elucidated the roles of the sidechains in the electron transfer reactions: (1) L181-Phe and M208-Tyr function as a pair of bridges in the electronic coupling among pigments bacteriopheophytin in the M-branch (HM), accessory bacteriochlorophyll in the M-branch (BM), one of the special-pair bacteriochlorophylls in the M-branch (PM), one of the special-pair bacteriochlorophylls in the L-branch (PL), accessory bacteriochlorophyll in the L-branch (BL), and bacteriopheophytin in the L-branch (HL), and can affect the special-pair bacteriochlorophylls (P) → HL electron transfer; (2) M250-Trp plays a crucial role in the HL → primary quinone (QA) electron transfer, but L216-Phe does not facilitate the HM → secondary quinone (QB) electron transfer; (3) the Fe2+ ion and the ligating histidines facilitate the QA → QB electron transfer; (4) L162-Tyr plays a key role in the third heme in the cytochrome subunit (Heme) → P (PM plus PL) electron transfer. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 187-206 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The oxidized radicals of aromatic amino acids, 4-methylimidazole and phenol were generated by UV irradiation at low temperature. The radicals were monitored by EPR spectroscopy. For the first time, infrared (IR) modes characteristic of the tyrosine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, and histidine radicals were obtained by FTIR difference spectroscopy between the ground state and the radical state. The effects of D- (on Tyr and phenol) or 15N- (on His) labeling on the IR modes of the radicals were studied, as were the influence of hydrogen bonding and of pH. These parameters were studied to model the possible radical structures and environments in proteins. The radicals obtained with tyrosine, phenol, and 4-ethylphenol present six main IR modes: a combination mode at ∼ 2110-2106 cm-1; the v8b(CC) mode at 1550-1556 cm-1, the v7a(CO) and v19b(CC) modes both at 1515-1500 cm-1, which are distinctly affected by D-labeling of the phenol ring; the 14(vCC + δCH) mode at 1290-1288 cm-1, which is strongly modified when the radical is hydrogen bonded; and the 9a(CC) mode at 1163-1159 cm-1. These IR modes partly confirm the assignments made by resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy and should help to obtain precise structure and force field calculations for the radicals. The deprotonated 4-methylimidazole radical (4-MeIm·) is obtained at pH 12. It has characteristic IR modes at 1593 v(CC), 1425 δCH3, 1376 δCH3, 1315 cm-1, 1213 cm-1 and 1098 cm-1 δ(CH). The methyl modes seem strongly downshifted upon radical formation, while the ring modes appear less affected. In particular, the C4C5 double-bond character is conserved. The protonated 4-methylimidazole radical formed at pH ≤ 6 is characterized by signals at 1433 cm-1, 1380 cm-1, 1310 cm-1, 1227 cm-1, and 1172 cm-1. The histidine and tyrosine radicals present similar IR modes as the corresponding model of their sidechain. For all the amino acids, the vas(COO-) and vs(COO-) modes of the terminal carboxylate were respectively up- and downshifted by ∼ 20 cm-1 upon the radical formation. This effect suggests that, in a protein, the amide bond of the amino acid could also be influenced by the radical formation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995) 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 351-356 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Though the strong affinity of Congo red and thioflavin S for amyloid deposits has been known for a long time, the binding mechanism of these biological dyes to amyloid sites is still not understood. In the present work, the competition of these two dyes for binding in Alzheimer amyloid is investigated. Analyses by optical microscopy and microspectrofluorimetry were performed on several series of stained diseased brain sections. Microspectrofluorimetric analyses showed that bound Congo red and bound thioflavin S have characteristic spectra in which the fluorescence maxima are distinct of those for the free dyes. Both, optical microscopic analyses and fluorescence measurements of stained brain sections indicated that Congo red and thioflavin S compete with each other at the same interacting site on diseased cerebral tissue. The staining efficiency of the replacing dye seems to be a maximum for a concentration of about 1%. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 365-373 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate, without any destructive interference, interactions of the cryoprotective agents, glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide with Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The intracellular spectrum of glycerol, obtained by subtracting the spectrum of control bacteria from that of glycerol-treated bacteria, showed no differences in infrared features compared to that of pure glycerol. This was not the case when dimethyl sulfoxide treatment was used. The intracellular spectrum displayed important modifications compared to that of the pure chemical. Spectral analysis showed that glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide uptake required only a few minutes. Moreover, the infrared features resulting from the presence of pure glycerol, in bacteria, were still existent for up to 2 or 3 hours after thawing process. The deconvoluted Amide I and Amide II bands of bacterial proteins reflected important changes in secondary structure after treatment of bacteria with dimethyl sulfoxide (increase in β-sheet and loss of random coil content). In contrast to glycerol, the cryoprotective action of dimethyl sulfoxide probably involves interactions with a wide range of intrabacterial species. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The transmission infrared spectra of exfoliated endocervical mucin-producing columnar epithelial cells and the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectra of the single-columnar cell layer on the endocervical tissues have been measured and compared with the corresponding infrared spectra of the ectocervical squamous cells and squamous epithelium. The infrared spectra of the exfoliated cervical cells obtained from the present work are comparable with those directly measured from the epithelia on the cervical tissues by ATR technique. The transmission infrared spectra of endocervical columnar epithelial tissue containing some components of the underlying connective tissue have also been measured and compared with the ATR/FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectra of the endocervical columnar epithelial tissue. The effects of the contaminated connective tissue on the infrared spectra of the endocervical columnar epithelial tissue have demonstrated that ATR/FTIR is a more desirable method than the transmission method to obtain meaningful and good-quality infrared spectra of tissue samples, especially samples consisting of thin layers of different types of tissues. Substantial differences in the infrared spectra between the columnar cells and squamous cells on the endocervical and ectocervical tissues, respectively, were evident. The strong glycogen bands in the infrared spectrum of the ectocervical squamous cells are absent in the spectrum of the endocervical columnar cells. This spectral change is similar to that observed in malignant squamous cells. Therefore, if the decrease in the intensity of the glycogen bands is used as the only criterion for the determination of cellular abnormalities in the cervix, the presence of a large number of normal endocervical columnar cells in the cervical specimen would lead to a false result. Consequently, in addition to the glycogen bands, other features in the infrared spectra should be considered for the evaluation of abnormalities in exfoliated cervical epithelial cells. In order to identify the spectral features that are unique to endocervical columnar cells, the infrared spectra of an aqueous solution of glycogen, the mucus from the endocervix, and the connective tissues from both the endocervix and the ectocervix have also been measured and analyzed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 375-385 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Ultraviolet resonance Raman spectra have been measured for human serum albumin (HSA) and its complexes with three types of ligands. Tyr and Trp Raman bands of ligand-free HSA are strongly enhanced with 240-nm excitation compared with those of aqueous amino acids, indicating that the side chains of some Tyr residues and the unique Trp at position 214 are hydrogen bonded in hydrophobic environments. The high intensity of Tyr and Trp Raman scattering remains unchanged in a wide pH range of 3.5-9.0 and the microenvironments of the Tyr and Trp residues seem conserved in this pH range. The Tyr Raman intensity of HSA increases upon binding of palmitic acid, indicating hydrophobic interactions between the Tyr phenol ring and the aliphatic chain of the bound fatty acid. Binding of warfarin, on the other hand, does not affect the Tyr Raman intensity. Instead, an increase is observed for the Raman intensity of Trp-214, which is located at the opening of the warfarin binding site. Concomitantly a conformation-marker Raman band of Trp-214 changes in frequency and the warfarin Raman intensity increases, suggesting direct hydrophobic interactions between Trp-214 and warfarin. Complexation of ibuprofen and HSA increases the Raman intensity of Tyr but not of ibuprofen, which is ascribed to the formation of a hydrogen bond between the carboxylate of ibuprofen and the phenolic OH of Tyr-411, the unique Tyr residue at the ibuprofen binding site. Hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding of Tyr and Trp residues play a key role in ligand binding of HSA. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman bands associated with different rotamers of hexadienoyl ethyl thiolester, CH3—CH=CH—CH=CH—C(=O)—S—CH2—CH3, have been partially assigned using recent conformational and vibrational spectroscopic analyses of ethyl thiocrotonate CH3—CH=CH—C(=O)—S—CH2—CH3.1 In particular, rotational isomers involving the =CH—C(=O) and —S—CH2— axes have been characterized. The assignment of the vibrational modes of different conformers of hexadienoyl ethyl thiolester was further facilitated by variable-temperature (+20°C to -90°C) Raman studies on the neat thiolester. High-quality Raman spectra of hexadienoyl-coenzyme A bound to the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase were obtained using 647.1-nm excitation and Raman difference spectroscopy. The findings provided by analysis of the ethyl thiolester model compound enable us to conclude that conformational selection occurs for the CoA analog upon binding, resulting in the presence of a single-rotamer population in the hexadienoyl moiety on the enzyme. The hexadienoyl-CoA was labeled with 18O in the C=O group and, separately, with 13C at the C2 position. A comparison of Raman data for the free and bound ligands, isotopically labeled and unlabeled, indicates that strong π-electron polarization occurs in only a part of the hexadienoyl chain, viz, in the C=C—C=O fragment, upon binding. The polarization gives rise to important contributions from canonical (resonance) forms of the type —C+—C=C—O-. In contrast, the C4=C5 linkage (where the carbon atom numbering is C6—C5=C4—C3=C2—C1=O) seems little perturbed in the bound ligand. The causes and mechanistic advantage of the observed localized polarization are discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 413-421 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Fluorescence-line-narrowing (FLN) spectra are presented for Sn cytochrome c (Snc) obtained under Q0-0 and Q0-1 excitation and for Zn cytochrome c (Znc) under Q0-1 excitation. Vibrational frequencies of the ground and first excited states are reported for Snc. Additional excited-state Znc frequencies are also presented, thus contributing to a previous FLN Znc investigation. The spectra of Snc shows more phonon broadening than for Znc, but vibrational frequencies of the S0 and S1 states could be obtained and the distribution function of the 0, 0 transition was determined. Snc and Znc showed good agreement in their excited-state vibrational frequencies. Some S1 vibrational frequencies of Znc are seen to downshift with respect to ground-state vibrations, suggesting that the porphyrin S0 to S1 expansion observed in other porphyrin systems also occurs in cytochrome c derivatives. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Nearly complete vibrational assignments have been obtained for a heme model, nickel etioporphyrin-I (NiEPI), using variable-wavelength resonance Raman (RR), and FT-Raman (FT-R), as well as infrared (IR) spectroscopy, on a series of isotopomers labeled at positions in the skeleton (15N, β-13C, meso-d4, 15N-meso-d4) and in the peripheral substituents (methyl-d12, ethyl-d8, and ethyl-d12). The vibrational bands are assigned to the porphyrin skeletal and substituent modes on the basis of the mode description scheme developed for nickel octaethylporphyrin (NiOEP) with the aid of a normal-mode analysis of NiEPI, explicitly including the peripheral substituents, i.e., the methyl and ethyl groups. The previously reported NiOEP force field was refined to account for the observed isotope shifts of NiEPI isotopomers. An important result is the requirement of relatively large, long-range force constants for methine bridge bonds on opposite sides of the porphyrin ring. These 1-8 and 1-9 interaction force constants are required to reproduce the frequencies and isotope shifts of six Cα-Cm stretching modes and especially to predict the relative order of the two highest-frequency Eu modes, v(Cα-Cm) (v38, ∼ 1570 cm-1) and v(Cβ-Cβ) (v37, ∼ 1600 cm-1). Most of the substituent (methyl and ethyl) vibrations are located in the RR and IR spectra. Strong RR enhancement of some substituent modes can be attributed to hyperconjugative interaction of the aliphatic groups with the porphyrin a1u orbital, as well as vibrational mixing of substituent modes with the nearby skeletal modes. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS at Creighton colloidal silver) and UV/visible spectra have been recorded for an antimicrobial agent (pefloxacin) at a biologically active concentration (ca. 10-6 mol/L-1). The adsorption of pefloxacin on the silver surface occurs both via the carboxylate group and the carbonyl of the pyridinone ring. The conjugated part of the molecule is tilted and gives rise to a charge transfer between the drug and the plasmon surface. However the orientation of the drug on the colloid varies with the concentration of pefloxacin, salt addition, and pH. Adsorption via only the carboxylate is privileged in presence of strongly competitive anions such as C1-. Thus the carbonyl of the pyridinone ring is desorbed, and the charge transfer is not detected. In basic medium the competitive OH- ion leads to similar orientation changes. For acidic pHs few residual molecules having a carboxylate function, or few carboxylic species bonded via the pyridinone C=O group, remain adsorbed on the aggregated and unstable silver surface. The spectroscopic analyses and the measurements of the particle size of the colloid show that added salt increases the aggregation and enhances the pefloxacin SERS signals if the anion is not competitive. In the presence of NaNO3 an increase of the plasmon oscillations of the metal and a larger number of adsorption sites could explain the SERS amplitude. The competitive anions C1- and OH- to a lesser extent limit the colloid aggregation, pefloxacin adsorption, and SERS enhancement. The influence of the charge transfer on the Raman intensity appears to be weak. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) in silver colloids has been used to study the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB), its methylester (AmE), and its N-fructosyl derivative (N-Fru-AmB). The intensity of SERR spectra strongly varied with the amphotericin concentration, the nature of added salts, the Ag colloid preparation and the excitation wavelength. The systematic study of all these parameters allowed determination of optimal conditions for the specific detection of AmB and AmE. Under these conditions AmB was detected at 10-10 M in silver colloids prepared according to Creighton et al., with 60m M NaNO3, whereas in the case of AmE the detection threshold was 10-9 M in silver colloids prepared according to Lee and Meisel with 30m M NaCl. Circular dichroism (CD) was used as a complementary technique to study the self-association of the polyenes, characterized by a dichroic doublet at 340 nm. We observed that the addition of silver colloid leads to a modification in the structure of the self-associated species. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We found that N-acetyl-L-tryptophanamide (NATA) could be excited at 840 nm using a mode-locked Ti : sapphire laser. The emission spectra of NATA were the same for one-photon (1 hv) excitation at 280 nm as for excitation at 840 nm. The emission intensity of NATA was found to depend on the cube of the laser power at 840 nm, consistent with simultaneous absorption of three 840-nm photons. The intensity-decay times were the same for 280- and 840-nm excitation, suggesting the same excited state is reached for each mode of excitation. However, the anisotropies were different for 280- and 840-nm excitation. At 280 nm the time-zero anisotropy was 0.130, whereas at 840 nm the time-zero anisotropy was negative (-0.06), indicating different orientations of the transition moments for one- and three-photon excitation. These results suggest that the intrinsic fluorescence of proteins may be excited using the fundamental output of a Ti: sapphire laser. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 39-45 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Infrared spectroscopy was applied to the investigation of normal and oxidatively modified hepatic nuclei. The hepatic nuclei were oxidized by two different free-radical-generating systems. Infrared spectra of oxidized nuclei were remarkably different from those of normal nuclei; the major alteration found in the spectra of oxidized nuclei was the emergence of a new population of nucleic acids with a hydrogen-bonding pattern different from that of the normal phosphodiester groups, and a redistribution of the hydrogen bonding of the protein amide groups of the histones, indicative of protein-structural rearrangements. The spectral changes in the phosphate bands of the nucleic acid resemble those previously observed in different types of malignant tissue, and suggest that there could be a link between nuclei oxidation and carcinogenesis which may involve a free-radical-mediated process. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Simultaneous measurements of resonance Raman and absorption spectra were performed for intermediates generated upon addition of hydrogen peroxide to ferric Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase (ARP) using the microcirculating system constructed in this laboratory, which enables generation of desirable intermediates under steady-state conditions. Compound I of ARP generated at neutral pH was stable over tens of minutes in the absence of laser illumination with this circulation system, but was gradually degraded under laser illumination, giving rise to a new irreversible species with an iron-oxo heme. Such photosensitivity was not observed for compound II in the steady state at alkaline pH. Surprisingly, the Raman spectrum of compound I of ARP in the high-frequency region, where characteristic frequency shifts are expected upon oxidation of the macrocycle, was quite close to that of compound II, despite the fact that the reduced Soret absorption indicated the formation of a π-cation radical. The Fe=O stretching (νFe=O) frequency of compound I was observed at 781 cm-1 for the 16O derivative but appeared as a doublet at 744 and 731 cm-1 for the 18O derivative. The isotope sensitivity of the νFe=O mode of compound I was seen upon H216O/H218O solvent substitution but not upon H216O2/H218O2 peroxide substitution in H216O at neutral pH. This directly indicates the occurrence of an oxygen atom exchange between the oxo-heme and bulk water, providing the first example of such exchange in compound I of peroxidases. The oxygen exchange was abolished for compound II at alkaline pH, for which the νFe=o mode was seen at 787/749 cm-1 only upon H216O2/H218O2 peroxide substitution. The oxygen exchangeability seems to depend on protonation of a nearby residue with pKα ∼ 9 and to correlate with stability of compound I. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996) 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 261-261 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 339-340 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy has been used to probe the structural dynamics at the heme o3 proximal and distal sites subsequent to carbon monoxide photolysis from fully reduced and CO mixed-valence cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase. The spectra of the transient species exhibit structural differences relative to the equilibrium geometry of heme o3. The most significant of these is a shift of 4 cm-1 to higher frequency of the 208-cm-1 mode in the transient species. Our results indicate that the 208-cm-1 mode observed in the equilibrium-reduced heme o3, which was recently assigned to the Fe2+ His of heme o3, is located at 212 cm-1 in the 10-ns spectrum. The behavior of the Fe2+ His mode in the photolytic transients of cytochrome bo3 indicates that at times ∼ 10 μs subsequent to CO photolysis the proximal heme o3 geometry is fully relaxed. The rate of relaxation of heme o3 is similar to that observed in the heme a3 transients of cytochrome aa3 oxidase. At later times (td 〉 100 μs) the appearance of the 212-cm-1 peak signals the onset of CO rebinding to the previously photolyzed heme o3. Neither the fully reduced nor the mixed-valence species exhibits geminate ligand recombination on a 10-ns time scale. Both species, however, display relaxation of ν(Fe-His) to its equilibrium position, at 208 cm-1, on a 10-μs time scale, and ligand rebinding on a 200-μs time scale. Our results indicate that the rate of relaxation of heme o3 and the CO rebinding to heme o3 are independent of the redox state of the low-spin heme b. Collectively, the transient intermediates of heme o3 suggest significant alterations in the nature of the heme-protein dynamics between cytochrome c aa3 oxidase and quinol cytochrome bo3 oxidase resulting from specific structural differences within their respective proximal and distal hemepockets. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy has been shown to be a powerful tool for the analysis of spectra with highly overlapped bands, as often found in IR spectra of biological samples. To date, most 2D IR analyses have focused primarily on intensity changes of the bands under investigation. However, information concerning 2D IR characteristics of bands that change in position or width is sparse. We have thus simulated the effects of frequency and bandwidth changes on 2D IR spectra. In the synchronous plot of a band undergoing a frequency shift, two autopeaks and two crosspeaks are found at the initial and final positions, while the asynchronous plot exhibits two weaker crosspeaks for these positions and a stronger, somewhat elongated feature close to the diagonal. The latter feature is characteristic of a shifting band. Thus, to distinguish a frequency shift in a single band from intensity changes of two overlapped bands it is important to examine the asynchronous plot, since the synchronous plots exhibit comparable characteristics in both cases. A bandwidth change results in a series of crosspeaks. However, when bandwidth changes are coupled with either frequency shifts and/or intensity changes, the effect of the bandwidth change is reduced. Finally, it is shown that the resolution enhancement generally found for the asynchronous plot is accompanied by an error in the positions of the original spectral features as determined from 2D IR peaks. The magnitude of the error increases as the original spectral features approach each other in frequency. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 353-364 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Two-dimensional (2D) infrared (IR) correlation spectroscopy was used to monitor the ν1, ν3 phosphate contour (900-1200 cm-1) of maturing poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite in synthetic (synthesized at constant and variable pH) and biological (calcified turkey leg tendon) systems. The 2D IR plots of the mineral prepared at variable pH exhibit peaks at 961, 999, 1018, 1036, 1095, 1126, and 1150 cm-1. The peaks at 961, 999, and 1095 cm-1 represent vibrations of PO3-4 in an apatitic/stoichiometric environment of poorly crystalline HA, while those at 1018, 1036, and 1126 cm-1 arise from PO3-4 in a nonstoichiometric/acid phosphate environment of poorly crystalline HA. The 2D IR analysis suggests that the intensities of peaks associated with PO3-4 in a nonstoichiometric/acid phosphate environment decrease as the reaction progresses. The 2D IR plots of the mineral formed at constant pH showed only bands characteristic of PO3-4 in a stoichiometric/acid phosphate environment. Analysis of the 2D IR plots of the mineral from calcified turkey leg tendon reveals peaks at 1019, 1039, 1075, 1126, and 1147 cm-1. The peaks at 1019, 1039, and 1126 cm-1 are characteristic of PO3-4 in a nonstoichiometric/acid phosphate environment of poorly crystalline HA, while the band at 1075 cm-1 is characteristic of PO3-4 in an apatitic/stoichiometric environment of poorly crystalline HA. Thus, the in vitro experiment in which the mineral is formed at variable pH is a better model of the mineral phase in calcified turkey leg tendon. In addition, the asynchronous plots from both the synthetic and biological minerals revealed those peaks which were noncorrelated. Also, this method of data analysis provided enhanced resolution of the highly overlapped ν1, ν3 phosphate contour commonly seen in Fourier transform-IR spectra of calcified tissue. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The bioxidative transformation of the antitumor drug N(2)-methyl-9-hydroxy ellipticinium (NMHE) by the peroxidase-H2O2 system leads to a highly electrophilic quinoneimine species. This species may react with biological macromolecules such as proteins or nucleic acids, that contain suitable nucleophilic groups, to give covalent adducts through a Michael addition at C(10). When this reaction takes place in the presence of aliphatic primary amines, recyclisation process occurs during coupling leading to adducts of which the oxazolopyridocarbazole (OPC) structure has been established. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of these OPC were recorded and analyzed to serve as references. On the basis of these spectral data, the SERS investigation of adducts obtained with aliphatic amino acids indicated that these species present the same chromophoric OPC-type structure as those obtained with aliphatic amines. On the other hand, we have studied the covalent binding of the drug to calf thymus DNA obtained under the same oxidative enzymatic procedure. Since previous studies have shown that adenosine was the preferential binding target within DNA, to determine the precise structure of DNA adducts we have synthesized a model adduct from this nucleoside to be used as a reference. Characterization by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Near-IR FT Raman, and SERS of this adenosine-NMHE adduct suggests that the covalent binding occurs between the C(10) of the ellipticinium chromophore and the N(6) primary amine of the adenine. Finally, from hydrolysis of DNA adducts, their isolation by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the analysis of the SERS spectrum of the main adduct formed, it appears that the structure is probably the same as that proposed for the adenosine-NMHE adduct. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996) 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Isotope labeling has been used to assign the resonance Raman spectra of cytochrome c peroxidase, expressed in Escherichia coli [CCP (MKT)], and of the D235N site mutant. 54Fe labeling establishes the coexistence of two separate bands (233 and 246 cm-1), arising from the stretching of the bond between the Fe atom and the proximal histidine ligand, His175. These are assigned to tautomers of the H-bond between the His175 imidazole NΓH proton and the Asp235 carboxylate side chain: In one tautomer the proton resides on the imidazole while in the other the proton is transferred to the carboxylate. When Asp235 is replaced by Asn, the H-bond is lost, and the Fe-His stretching frequency is markedly lowered. Two new RR bands are produced, at 205 and 185 cm-1, as a result of coupling between the shifted Fe-His vibration and a nearby porphyrin mode; the two bands share the 54Fe sensitivity expected for Fe-His stretching. C=C stretching and CβC=C bending vibrations have been separately assigned to the 2- and 4-vinyl groups of the protoheme prosthetic group via selective vinyl deuteration. In the acid form of the enzyme, the frequencies coincide for the two vinyl groups, at 1618 cm-1 for the C=C stretch, and at 406 cm-1 for the CβC=C bend. However, the 2-vinyl frequencies are elevated in the alkaline form of the enzyme, to 1628 cm-1 for C=C stretching, and to 418 cm-1 for CβC=C bending, while the 4-vinyl frequencies remain unshifted. Thus, the acid-alkaline transition involves a protein conformation change that specifically perturbs the 2-vinyl substituent. This perturbation might be a reorientation of the vinyl group, or an alteration of the porphyrin geometry that affects the porphyrin-vinyl coupling. The perturbation is attenuated when CO is bound to the enzyme; the C=C frequency is then unaffected in the alkaline form, while the CβC=C bending frequency is shifted to a smaller extent (412 cm-1). This attenuation is probably linked to inhibition of distal histidine binding to the heme Fe in the alkaline form when the CO is bound. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 413-414 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 4 (1998), S. 197-208 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Raman spectroscopy ; protein-ligand interactions ; streptavidin complexes ; biotin analogues ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra of anhydrous complexes of streptavidin (Strep) with biotin (Bio) and some Bio analogues [Biotin methyl ester (MEBio), desthiobiotin (DEBio), 2′-iminobiotin (IMBio), and diaminobiotin (DABio)] were recorded. The vibrational results indicate that the interaction with some of these ligands is able to modify the overall structure of the protein and this binding results in a decrease in the βsheet content and an increase in the α-helix content. To further confirm the conformational changes of the protein structure due to Bio analogue binding, the curve-fitting analysis of the amide I Raman band of neat Strep and of the complexes were performed. The intensity ratio of the components due to the β-sheet and α-helix conformations decreased in the Strep-MEBio, Strep-IMBio (pH 11), and Strep-Bio systems, whereas in all the other systems the changes were not significant. This behavior differs from that of Avi bound to the same ligands and suggests that Strep and Avi differ in their binding selectivity. A good correlation was found between the secondary structure percentages of the Avi and of the Strep complexes and ΔG°. On the basis of this linear relationship, the vibrational results allow for an acceptable evaluation of the dissociation constants of the Strep complexes, not previously reported in the literature. The present results indicate a correlation between the type of interaction and the effects of the protein-substrate bonding on the overall structure of the proteins. The amino acid residues in the binding site appear to be positioned in a such a way as to provide a precise fit of Bio. Even slight change in the substrate structure causes a weakness in the strength of the binding. The vibrational results confirm that both the imidazolidinone and the thiophan rings are important in the Strep-Bio interactions, but the former is more responsible for the high affinity of the binding. One of the Tyr residues is hydrogen bound with the ureido ring and another Tyr could be involved in the binding pocket. Trp residues do not directly bind the ligand and probably stabilize other binding site residues which in turn interact directly with Bio. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: 197-208, 1998
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 4 (1998), S. 209-216 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: high pressure ; FTIR spectroscopy ; bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor ; hydrogen-deuterium exchange ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with resolution enhancement techniques, second-derivative and difference spectroscopies, have been used to characterize pressure-induced changes in the structural rearrangements of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) in D2O solution at 25.0°C. According to the observed changes in the amide I′ band up to 550 MPa, the secondary structure elements of BPTI, such as the α-helix, 310-helix, β-sheet, and β-turn, are scarcely rearranged except for the loop structure of residues of 9-17 and 36-43. The polypeptide backbone is not extensively unfolded up to 550 MPa. The minor pressure-induced structural rearrangements are completely reversible. A further increase in pressure above 1000 MPa associated with the precipitation of BPTI in D2O buffer solution induces the partial structural rearrangements of the α-helix, β-turn and/or 310-helix, and β-sheet. The polypeptide backbone of BPTI is not fully unfolded even above 1000 MPa. Most of the protected backbone amide protons involved in the β-sheet remain intact in the pressure range where BPTI is not precipitated, while those involved in the α-helix and β-turn and/or 310-helix are exchanged with solvent deuterons. The protected backbone amide protons located near the surface regions are more easily exchanged with solvent deuterons by application of high pressure than those involved in the core. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: 209-216, 1998
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 4 (1998), S. 219-227 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: guanosine 5′-diphosphate ; guanosine 5′-triphosphate ; magnesium ; vibrational spectroscopy ; Raman spectroscopy ; FTIR ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Raman and infrared spectra were examined for guanosine 5′-diphosphate (GDP) and guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) in aqueous solution. The vibrational modes were assigned on the basis of isotopic frequency shifts and relative intensities in the Raman and infrared spectra. The observed frequency shifts on 18O isotope labeling made it possible to identify the bands from each phosphate group (α, β, γ). Frequency shifts were observed as Mg2+ complexes with GDP and GTP. The results suggested that Mg2+ binds to GDP in a bidentate manner to the α, β P · · O bonds and in a tridentate manner to the α, β and γ P · · O bonds of Mg·GTP. The results indicate that structure of Mg2+ coordinated to GTP in aqueous solution differs somewhat to that found for Mg·ATP. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: 219-227, 1998
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 299-306 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: DNA ; silica ; binding ; Raman spectroscopy ; infrared ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We studied by infrared and Raman spectroscopy the interaction of calf thymus DNA with various types of silica particles, ranging in size from 7 nm to 60 μm. Preliminary experiments with different samples showed that substantial variations can take place in the 1000-1100 cm-1 region of the attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectrum of silica, where a strong band due to a stretching vibration of the Si-O groups occurs. The position and intensity of this band were found to be dependent on several parameters, such as the size distribution of the solid particles, their proximity to the surface of the ATR crystal, and their degree of packing after sedimentation from the aqueous suspension. Changes observed in the spectra of aqueous solutions of DNA interacting with silica particles are explained by a shift of the main silica band in the mixtures. This interpretation differs from that of a previous study, where important intensity variations of the DNA bands at 1086 and 1053 cm-1 were explained by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the silanol groups of silica and the phosphate groups of DNA. Raman spectra of aqueous solutions of DNA mixed with fumed quartz particles of an average size of 0.007 μm showed but a minor change in intensity (ca. 5%) of the DNA symmetric phosphate band, which supports the conclusion reached in our infrared study. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 299-306, 1997
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 329-329 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: No abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: doxorubicin ; intercalation ; resonance Raman ; SERRS ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The interactions of doxorubicin and its derivatives, hydroxyrubicin and adriamycinone, with DNA were studied by resonance Raman (RR) and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) spectroscopy. The π-π interaction between the chromophore of the drug and DNA base pairs has been shown to downshift the skeletal stretching mode ∼ 1440 cm-1 by 8, 5, and 4 cm-1 for doxorubicin, hydroxyrubicin, and adriamycinone, respectively. The additional effects of intercalation with DNA on the RR and SERRS spectra for hydroxyrubicin are similar to those for doxorubicin. However, different effects are observed for adriamycinone. These results indicate that the sugar moiety is necessary to maintain the maximum van der Waals contact between the chromophore and the DNA base pairs and that the amine group in the amino sugar is more favored than the hydroxyl group. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 307-316, 1997
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 331-346 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: urinary calculi ; FTIR spectroscopy ; Raman spectroscopy ; infrared ; calculi analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The application of infrared and Raman spectroscopic techniques to the analysis of urinary calculi is reviewed and their relative efficiency and adaptability to routine analysis are discussed. Using the classification of urinary calculi based on their main constituents, infrared and Raman spectra of calcium oxalates, phosphates, uric acid, urates, and cystine are reported. Some characteristic bands are suggested as useful for analytical purposes. References to other constituents such as drugs are included. Although this review is aimed principally at human stones, it also extends to literature references dealing with urinary calculi from canine, feline, and equine animal species. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 331-346, 1997
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 317-323 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: growth hormone releasing peptide ; tryptophan ; 2-methyl tryptophan ; GHRP-6 ; hexarelin ; EP7458 ; ultraviolet photolytic degradation ; rate constants ; differential photolysis ; photolysis products ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Aqueous solutions of three tryptophan-rich growth hormone releasing hexapeptides, GHRP-6 (His-D-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2), hexarelin (His-D-2-Me-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2), and EP7458 (His-D-Trp-Ala-2-Me-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2), were exposed to varying durations of ultraviolet (UV) light. Using NMR spectroscopy, first-order rate constants for the UV photolytic degradation of the tryptophan(s)/2-methyl tryptophan residues within each peptide were obtained by plotting the decrease in the area of the indole N-H resonances with respect to UV photolysis time. A significant differential photolytic effect was observed between the two tryptophan residues of GHRP-6 and the tryptophan/2-methyl tryptophan residues of EP7458. A somewhat smaller differential photolytic effect was observed between the tryptophan/2-methyl tryptophan residues of hexarelin. In addition, the three peptides were degraded at different rates, suggesting that the effect of UV light on each peptide is dependent on whether a tryptophan or 2-methyl tryptophan is the second or fourth residue in the primary sequence. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 317-323, 1997
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 347-369 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: urinary calculi ; infrared spectroscopy ; kidney biopsy ; etiology ; papillary calculi ; drug-induced calculi ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Crystal-induced kidney disease is a frequent occurrence in human pathology. It is becoming more and more apparent that knowledge of kidney stone composition and structure appears to be the key for establishing the etiology of stone disease. A number of analytical methods may be applied to stone analysis, but only a few of them are able to quickly and easily provide extensive information on both stone structure and composition relevant for clinical diagnosis. More than 12,000 calculi were analyzed using a combination of microscopic examination, sequential infrared (IR) analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of each part of stone, and quantification of all components present. We also investigated 50 biopsies using FTIR microscopy. Our results confirm that IR spectroscopy is a reliable and accurate technique for both molecular and crystalline identification. Some limitations of standard procedures, because of very small samples or due to absorption band overlap, can be solved using FTIR micromethod or a particular method like IR microscopy. In such cases, the spectrum identification must be conducted in different manners. Until now, spectral identification procedures based on computerized spectra libraries must be used with caution because of false results, mainly for mixtures of mineral compounds. Trained eyes always provide the best results for reading spectra from common stones. In routine practice, accurate identification of all components present in calculi is necessary for understanding urolithiasis mechanisms, but only semiquantitative assessment is sufficient to guide physicians toward establishing correct etiology. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 347-369, 1997
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: brown pigment stone ; PAGE ; mid-IR spectroscopy ; far IR spectroscopy ; FT-Raman ; bezoar ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic studies of various types of gallstones carried out in China are reviewed. Three basic classes of gallstones are surveyed: cholesterol stones, brown pigment stones, and black pigment stones. The emphasis of this review is on brown gallstones. The primary spectroscopic methods used in the studies surveyed are Fourier transform infrared absorption and Fourier transform Raman scattering. Chemical components studied in gallstones include cholesterol, bile pigments, glycoproteins, proteins, bilirubin metal complexes, and salts of calcium and other metals. Further studies are needed characterize the relationship of these components to more complex features of gallstones. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 371-380, 1997
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: near-IR ; protein folding ; denaturation ; ribonuclease A ; overtone and combination bands ; 2-dimensional correlation analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We introduce near-IR spectroscopy as an ancillary tool for monitoring structural changes of proteins in aqueous solution using ribonuclease A (RNase A) as a model protein. The thermal unfolding of RNase A results in clear spectral changes in the near-IR and the mid-IR regions. In the near-IR the most pronounced changes are observed in the spectral region between 4820 and 4940 cm-1. The strong N—H combination band found at 4867 cm-1 in the spectrum of native RNase A shifts to 4878 cm-1 upon thermal unfolding. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange experiments that validate the N—H character of this mode can also be used to estimate the number of unexchanged amide protons after exposure to D2O. The transition profiles and temperatures derived from the temperature dependence of the N—H combination mode were found to be practically identical with those derived from the temperature dependence of the C=O amide I band in the mid-IR region, demonstrating that the near-IR region can be used as a conformation-sensitive monitor for the thermally induced unfolding of proteins in H2O solution. A 2-dimensional correlation analysis was applied to the mid-IR and near-IR spectra of RNase A to establish correlations between IR bands in both regions. The correlation analysis demonstrates that the thermal unfolding of RNase A is not a completely cooperative process; rather it begins with some changes in β-sheet structure, followed by the loss of α-helical structures, and then ending with the unfolding of the remaining β-sheets. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: S19-S29, 1998
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: 13C-NMR ; 57Fe-NMR ; ν(C—O) stretching vibration ; ν(Fe—C) stretching vibration ; heme proteins ; heme models ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: 13C- and 57Fe-NMR spectra of several carbon monoxide hemoprotein models with varying polar and steric effects of the distal organic superstructure, constraints of the proximal side, and solvent polarity are reported. The 13C shieldings of heme models cover a 4.0 ppm range that is extended to 7.0 ppm when several hemoglobin CO and myoglobin CO species at different pHs are included. Both heme models and heme proteins obey a similar excellent linear δ(13C) versus ν(C—O) relationship that is primarily due to modulation of π backbonding from Fe dπ to the CO π* orbital by the distal pocket polar interactions. There is no direct correlation between δ(13C) and Fe—C—O geometry. The poor monotonic relation between δ(13C) and ν(Fe—C) indicates that the iron-carbon π bonding is not a primary factor influencing δ(13C) and δ(57Fe). The δ(57Fe) was found to be extremely sensitive to deformation of the porphyrin geometry, and increased shielding by more than 600 ppm with increased ruffling was observed for various heme models of known X-ray structures. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: S57-S69, 1998
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: nucleic acid ; conformation ; Raman spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The structure of the packaged double-stranded DNA genome of bacteriophage T7 was compared to that of unpackaged T7 DNA using digital difference Raman spectroscopy. Spectral data were obtained at 25°C from native T7 virus (100 mg/mL), empty T7 capsids (50 mg/mL), and purified T7 DNA (40 mg/mL) in buffer containing 200 mM NaCl, 10 mM MgCl2, and 10 mM Tris at pH 7.5. At these conditions, the local conformation of T7 DNA was not affected by packaging. Specifically, the local B-form secondary structure of unpackaged T7 DNA, including furanose C2′-endo pucker, anti glycosyl torsion, Watson-Crick base pairing, and base stacking, were essentially fully (〉98%) retained when the genome was condensed within the viral capsid. However, the average electrostatic environment of T7 DNA phosphates was altered dramatically by packaging as revealed by large perturbations in the Raman bands associated with localized vibrations of the DNA phosphate groups. The change in the phosphate environment was attributed to Mg2+ ions that were packaged with the genomic DNA, and the observed Raman perturbations of genomic DNA were equivalent to those generated by a 50-100-fold increase in Mg2+ concentration in aqueous phosphodiester model compounds. The T7 data were qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those observed previously for packaged DNA of bacteriophage P22 and imply that genomic DNAs of T7 and P22 are both organized in a similar fashion within their respective capsids. The results show that the condensed genome does not contain kinks or folds that would disrupt the local B conformation by more than 2%. The present findings are discussed in relation to previously proposed models for condensation and organization of double-stranded and single-stranded viral DNA. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: S47-S56, 1998
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 25-32 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Two methionine-specific sequence ions are described that are formed upon the dissociation of protonated methionine-containing peptides at high (keV) collision energies. These ions, hiherto unassigned, are denoted an + 1 - CH3S⋅ and zn + 1 - CH3S⋅. Precursor ion scans reveal that these species originate from the an + 1 and zn + 1 ions, respectively, where methionine resides at position n-1 relative to the N- or C-terminus. A comparison of the collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra for several related peptides demonstrates that methionine residues are involved in the genesis of these species and mechanisms for their formation are proposed. Several structural features of a peptide that are important to the formation of these species are described. The importance of identifying these ions in order to correctly sequence a methionine-containing peptide based on its CID spectrum is illustrated.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995) 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 153-157 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of metal cationization on the collision-induced decomposition of 2,3-diphenylpropenoic acid derivatives was studied with the help of linked scan (B/E = constant) spectra of their [M + H]+, [M - H]-, [M + Met]+, [M + 2Met - H]+ and [M + Met - H]+ ions using metal ions such as Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Ag+ and Ba2+. Decarboxylation is triggered by metal cationization.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 163-171 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The LSIMS beam-induced dehalogenation of several 4-halo-phenylalanine methyl esters (I, Br, Cl, F) was investigated and compared to that of atrazine using 12 different matrix compounds including diethyl phthalate for which the empirical electron affinity was known. The extent of dehalogenation, induced by a one-electron reduction process, is in agreement with the leaving group ability of the corresponding halogens (I 〉Br 〉Cl 〉F) and the dehalogenation inhibiting efficiency of the matrices. The latter is rationalized in terms of electron scavenging capacity and matrix structural features relating to that capacity. The extent of dehalogenation observed for 4-I-phenylalanine methyl ester is similar to that of atrazine, a chlorinated compound, which indicates that the halogen effect is not overwhelming in determining the extent of dehalogenation. The bracketing of matrix reduction potential was attempted based on the propensity of the matrices to induce M+· formation from analytes of known oxidation potentials. The ability of matrices to induce M+· formation parallels their dehalogenation and reduction inhibiting efficiencies. The last observation underlines the importance of matrix redox properties in effecting or inhibiting beam-induced processes, be they reductive or oxidative.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Amino acid/transition metal chloride mixtures were studied by plasma desorption mass spectrometry. The six aliphatic α-amino acids were considered: glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), valine (Val), leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile) and proline (Pro), together with four transition metal chloride salts: CoCl2, NiCl2, CuCl2 and FeCl2. Mixtures spectra show that MCat+ complexes are formed where M = amino acid and Cat = Co, Ni, Cu or FeCl. Fragmentations of MCat+ ions lead to both organometallic and organic ions. Isotopic labelling has allowed to demonstrate some fragmentation mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 180-183 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization and a magnetic sector instrument was used to detect multiply charged molecules for the non-covalently bound dimeric subunit protein complexes of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (Mr ∼ 80 000) and the tetrameric complexes of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (Mr ∼ 147 000) and rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase (Mr ∼ 232 000). Ions for the pyruvate kinase complex represent one of the largest intact protein complexes resolved by mass spectrometry. Solvation of the large gas phase complexes is indicated by the mass spectrometric results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The electron impact mass spectra of nine solanidane N-oxides show, in addition to the known typical fragmentation pattern of the solanidane moiety, the fragment ions [M - C5H9]+ and [C6H12NO]+, due to thermal Cope syn-eliminations caused by the N-oxide function and subsequent cleavage of the bonds between C(22) and C(23) and between C(20) and C(22), respectively, in the so-obtained cyclic N,N-dialkylhydroxylamines.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 194-200 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The gas-phase chemistry of Fe(C6H4)n+ (n = 1-6) with C60 is studied by using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The formation of some ionic phenylene derivatives and metallacyclic derivatives of C60 is observed. Specifically, Fe+, generated by laser desorption, reacts with chlorobenzene to form iron-benzyne, FeC6H4+, which initiates further reactions with chlorobenzene to form Fe(C6H4)2-6+ and (C6H4)2-5+. Fe(C6H4)1-4+ react with C60 to form metalated fullerene derivatives, C60Fe(C6H4)1-4+. C60Fe(C6H4)1, 2+ undergo a demetalation reaction with chlorobenzene to yield the fullerene phenylene derivatives C60(C6H4)1, 2+, 8 and 9, through formation of C—C bonds with C60. CID experiments and kinetic analysis indicate that each of the C60Fe(C6H4)1, 2+ species consists of a single isomer, presumably the metallacycles 12 and 14. Consistent with the typical reactions of metal-benzyne complexes with alkenes in the condensed phase, these metallacyclic structures are believed to be formed through coupling of one of the double bonds at the 6,6 ring junction in C60 with an Fe—C σ bond of Fe(benzyne)+. These results are consistent with the notion that C60 acts like an electron deficient alkene rather than an aromatic molecule, and suggest a possible synthetic route to prepare this type of metallo-C60 derivatives in the condensed phase. Finally, ligand displacement reactions yield a bond dissociation energy of D°(Fe+—C60) = 44 ± 7 kcal/mol.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 206-211 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Millimetre-sized crystals of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (sinapinic acid) were grown from a cytochrome c/matrix solution. Effects of sample exposure to UV laser irradiation on the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectra are reported for such single crystals. The exposure was varied by irradiating the same sample spot with different numbers of UV-laser pulses. The ion yield and mass resolution were monitored as a function of the sample exposure. Further, the minimum deposited laser energy needed for protein ion production (the threshold energy) for single crystals was determined for incidence angles between 35° and 60° with respect to the target surface normal. The results were compared with those obtained for polycrystalline samples containing micrometre-sized crystals.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ion-molecule reactions occurring in a pentaquadrupole mass spectrometer are used to generate and characterize ions in which one or two pyridine molecules are bound by a +CN cation. Cyanide cation binds strongly to the nitrogen atom of pyridine to generate a mono-adduct, which undergoes pyridine exchange reactions and from which one can generate the dipyridine adduct in low abundance. The dimeric ions have two structures, loosely bound and covalently bound, and both fragment to yield the constituent cyanide-bound monomers. In the case of dimers comprised of meta-substituted alkylpyridines, there is a quantitative correlation between relative cyanide cation affinity, as measured using the kinetic method, and literature values of relative proton affinities. These dimers fragment analogously to the corresponding H+- and Cl+- bound dimers, and on this basis are assigned analogous structures, viz. the loosely bound form Py1—+CN—Py2. Semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations show that both pyridines are bound to the carbon atom of the cyanide cation. Making the assumption that the effective temperatures of the activated cyanide-bound dimers are similar to those of the corresponding Cl+- and H+-bound dimers, relative +CN cation affinities are estimated to be 1.5 kcal mol-1 (3-MePy), 1.7 kcal mol-1 (4-MePy), 2.6 kcal mol-1 (3-EtPy), 3.5 kcal mol-1 (3-n-BuPy) and 3.6 kcal mol-1 (3,5-diMePy), all expressed relative to pyridine (1 kcal = 4.184 kJ). A linear relationship between the relative +CN affinity and relative proton affinity (PA) is derived as Δ +CN affinity (kcal mol-1) = 0.78 (ΔPA), with the assumption that the +CN dimer effective temperature is 600 K. The estimated uncertainty is 0.5 kcal mol-1. Relative +CN affinities of pairs of pyridines are smaller by ca. 1 kcal mol-1 than the corresponding Cl+ affinities. Dimers in which one of the pyridines is meta-chlorine- or para-alkyl-substituted have the covalently bound, ring-carbon-substituted structure, in which the +CN group is attached to the pyridine nitrogen and the second pyridine molecule is bound to a ring carbon. The fragmentation of these isomeric dimers yields the corresponding monomers, in addition to other minor ions, but the distribution of the cyanide cation between the two pyridines does not correlate with Cl+ affinity or proton affinity. In the special cases of the 3-methylpyridine-3-n-butylpyridine and the 4-methylpyridine-pyridine cyanide cation adducts, both the loosely bound dimer and the covalently bound adduct are generated and distinguished by their fragmentation behavior. Evidence for the formation of the covalently bound, ring-carbon-substituted structure was also obtained in semi empirical AMI calculations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: High-performance liquid chromatography megaflow electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ES-MS/MS) with an on-line radioisotope detector was used to identify [2,4,6-14C] atrazine degradation products generated by treatment with Fenton's reagent (Fe2+ and H2O2). Fenton's reagent produced dealkylated and/or partially oxidized [2,4,6-14C] atrazine products in preference to dechlorinated products. Seven major products were identified by collision-induced dissociation spectra: 4-acetamido-2-chloro-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine, 4-amino-2-chloro-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine, 4-acetamido-2-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazine, 6-amino-2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-s-triazine, 4-acetamido-6-amino-2-chloro-s-triazine, 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-s-triazine and the first report of 4-acetamido-2-hydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine. HPLC/ES-MS/MS provided a rapid method for identifying a wide range of atrazine transformation products in aqueous samples and obviated the need for fraction collection, extraction, and chemical derivatization of the more polar atrazine products. Furthermore, because analyte retention times in HPLC/UV and HPLC/ES-MS/MS were similar, compound identities determined using the latter could be directly assigned to peaks in UV chromatograms.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 466-472 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The sensitivity of high-precision liquid chromatography/combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LC/C-IRMS) was improved by more than two orders of magnitude by modifications which permit optimization of flows. The lower limits for high precision are about 3 μg of analyte on-column for flow injection and LC modes. Pneumatic aerosol spray coating was implemented and compared with simple dip coating. The signal enhancement for aerosol compared with dip coating is up fourfold at higher levels but drops to less than twofold at lower levels, while the dynamic range is extended at higher levels by fourfold at high sample load levels. LC separations for underivatized tocopherols, retinyl acetate and ergocalciferol are demonstrated with precision and accuracy of about δ13C 〈 2.5% for replicates. This work demonstrates sensitivity useful for a wide range of LC analyses and extends high-precision LC/C-IRMS to the determination of several fat-soluble vitamins.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 473-477 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The backbone cleavages of 14 sodiated tripeptides of the series Gly-Gly-Xxx, where Xxx = Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Phe, Tyr, Met, Glu, Pro, Trp, Lys, His and Arg, were studied in a hybrid tandem mass spectrometer. A C-terminal y-type ion of the form y1 + Na + H was noted in all cases studied. N-Terminal bn + Na + 17, bn + Na - H and an + Na - H ions, along with internal fragments, were also noted. Because information on sodium affinities of amino acids is limited, the sodiated tripeptides studied were compared not only with the rank ordering of amino acid sodium affinities, but also on the basis of available proton affinities. A linear relationship between log[(y1 + Na + H)/(b2 + Na + 17)] and the proton affinity of the C-terminal amino acid substituents was found: as the proton affinity of the C-terminal residue increases, the fraction of y1 ion formation increases. When the C-terminal substituent was more basic than Trp, the correlation does not hold, probably because the highly basic amino acids, Lys, His, and Arg, are cationized on the side-chain instead of on the terminal amino group.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Incorporation of amino acids labeled with stable isotopes in apoliproproteins is used to estimate kinetic aspects of lipoprotein metabolism. In this study two deuterated tracers, [5,5,5-2H3]leucine and [ring-2H5]phenylalanine, were compared. Isolation and acid hydrolysis of apolipoproteins are required for mass spectrometric analysis. When apolipoprotein B100 of very low density liproproteins was prepared with this procedure, a loss of deuterium was observed on deuterated phenylalanine with 10 and 6 M HCl hydrolysis but not with deuterated leucine or when 4 M HCl hydrolysis was used. This study stre sses the effect of acid hydrolysis on [ring-2H5]phenylalanine. This tracer must be used with caution in studies of specific protein synthesis.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The analysis of oligonucleotides by mass spectrometry should give information on both the molecular mass and sequence. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry gives both in one step. Until now glycerol, thioglycerol and triethanolamine have been used as matrices for the analysis of oligonucleotides by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS), but there have been no comparative studies for matrix selection for these specific analytes. In this work, the influence of diethanolamine, glycerol, 1-thioglycerol and triethanolamine on the analysis of unprotected trimer up to heptamer oligoribonucleotides was studied using negative-ion FABMS on a sector-type mass spectrometer. Collision-induced dissociation MS/MS measurements were performed and the fragmentation patterns in MS and MS/MS were compared.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 492-496 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The structures of the C4H7O+ and C3H6O+· dissociation products from selected C5H10O+· isomers with the oxygen on the first, second and third carbons were determined. The first product is CH3C(OH)CH=CH2+ and the second is CH3C(OH+)CH2⋅ and CH3⋅CHCHOH+ in various proportions. These results demonstrate that ions with the oxygen on the first and third carbons isomerize partially to isomers with the oxygen on the second carbon. This and C5H10O+· isomers expected to be accessible to each other suggest that there are traversable pathways between about 60 C5H10O+· isomers, demonstrating how extensive interconversions of aliphatic radical cations can be.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 511-512 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Tandem mass spectrometric methods for the identification of 19-norandrosterone (3α-hydroxy-5α-estran-17-one) are described and evaluated. The fragmentation reactions of the heptafluorobutyryl (HFB) and pentafluorobenzyloxime heptafluorobutyryl (PFBO—HFB) ester derivatives of 19-norandrosterone (3α-hydroxy-5α-estran-17-one) in particular were studied for the purpose to select characteristic ions. The HFB ester was analyzed by collisionly activated dissociation (CAD) following electron impact in order to fragment the steroid nucleus. The formation of D-ring fragments, i.e. the ring containing the keto function, was typical for this type of derivative. Cleavages of fragments with an intact D-ring were also prominent. The PFBO—HFB ester was formed to create a derivative, which could capture electrons and be analyzed in the Electron Capture Negative Chemical Ionization (ECNCI) mode. Besides fragmentations originating in the groups coupled to the steroid by derivatization, also characteristic D-ring fragments were observed by CAD following ECNCI. Accordingly, of both methods evaluated only CAD following EI of the HFB derivative of 19-norandrosterone provided a characteristic MS/MS procedure for the identification of 19-norandrosterone under the conditions studied.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Tandem mass spectrometric methods for the identification of 19-nortestosterone (estr-4-en-17β-3-one) are described and evaluated. The fragmentation reactions of the heptafluorobutyryl (HFB) and pentafluorobenzyloxime heptafluorobutyryl (PFBO—HFB) ester derivatives of 19-nortestosterone in particular were studied for the purpose to select characteristic ions. The HFB ester was analyzed by collisionly activated dissociation (CAD) following electron impact in order to fragment the steroid nucleus. Cleavage of the A-ring, i.e. the ring containing the keto function, was prominent. The formation of A-, A/B- and D-ring fragments was also typical for this type of derivative. The PFBO—HFB ester was formed to create a derivative, which could capture electrons and be analyzed in the electron-capture negative chemical ionization (ECNCI) mode. Besides fragmentations originating in the groups coupled to the steroid by derivatization, no prominent steroid nucleus fragmentations were observed by CAD following ECNCI. Accordingly, of both methods only CAD following EI of the HFB derivative of 19-nortestosterone provided a characteristic MS/MS procedure for the identification of 19-nortestosterone.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Isotope dilution gas chromatographic mass spectrometric assays were developed for the concentration of shortchain fatty acids and of lactate in plasma. The assays involve spiking the samples with 2H- and/or 13-C-labeled internal standards and direct derivatization with 2,4-difluoroaniline, using 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a coupling agent. The assay can be used to determine the isotopic enrichment or mass isotopomer distribution of the fatty acids and of lactate. Blanks by ubiquitous formate, acetate and lactate are minimized by the one-step derivatization procedure without deproteinization, using reagents dissolved in hydrocarbons. The assays were applied to experiments conducted in live dogs, pigs and monkeys, and in perfused rat livers. These techniques, in conjunction with appropriate stable isotope models, can be used to study carbohydrate fermentation in humans, ruminants and non-ruminant mammals.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 324-332 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Early in the development of electrohydrodynamic mass spectrometry (EH-MS), it was realized that ion source performance improved when the sample liquid was supplied discontinuously to the capillary emitter. Based on this realization, an ion source was designed that operates without an external sample supply system. Its essential part is a metal capillary that serves both as the liquid reservoir and the field anode and is mounted exchangeably on a pushrod. As the liquid flow is field induced, the flow rates are extremely low, in the range of 0.2 nl min-1. Thus, in spite of high analyte concentrations needed, sample consumption is only a few picomoles per mass scan. Moreover, the emission of larger droplets is avoided, which contributes to the stability of the ion signal. As the capillary emitter is mounted on a standard emitter carrier known from field desorption (FD) MS, the new ion source is compatible with conventional FD ion sources. EH mass spectra of analytes could be obtained from substances whose solubility in glycerol was〉0.5 mol l-1. The substances investigated with the new ion source include sugars, amino acids, peptides and an antibiotic. The general characteristics of the mass spectra are essentially the same as those known from other EH ion sources. Besides abundant solvent cluster ions, only cationated or protonated molecules of the analytes could be detected, frequently with one or more solvent molecules attached to the ions. Fragment ions were not observed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 778-780 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 782-782 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 783-790 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995) 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 791-792 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 793-796 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Certain of the “meta-stable peaks” in mass spectra are abnormally wide. This extra width is shown to be associated with release of kinetic energy during fragmentation. Methods are presented for measuring this energy release and values are given for various transitions in the spectra of aromatic nitro compounds.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 817-824 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In vivo microdialysis in combination with liquid chromatography/micro-electrospray mass spectrometry was used to study the metabolism of substance P in rat brain. A microdialysis probe was used both to introduce substance P into the brain and to collect metabolic products. Unilateral infusions of 25 and 50 pmol μl-1 substance P, or isotopically labeled [D8-Phe8] substance P, at flow rates of 0.3 μl min-1, were made through the microdialysis probe implanted in the striatum of anesthetized rats. The metabolic products were analyzed by on-line mass spectrometry and the results showed that substance P, an 11 amino acid residue polypeptide, was metabolized in the striatum to form N-terminal fragments 1-9, 1-8 and 1-7; C-terminal fragments 3-11, 5-11, 6-11, 7-11 and 8-11; and internal fragments 4-8, 6-10 and 7-10. The concentrations of these metabolites in dialysates were measured in order to compare the relative importance of several possible metabolic degradative pathways.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Collision with neutral molecules is shown to provide a convenient method of adding internal energy to ions in a field-free drift region of the mass spectrometer. The effects on this process of ion accelerating potential, target gas pressure and identity, and precursor ion internal energy and mass have been investigated to optimize experimental conditions. Such collisions cause ion decompositions whose activation energies cover a broad range; for a particular ion such decompositions can be viewed as its “collisional activation (CA) spectrum.” CA spectra, which can be obtained for each ion in the normal mass spectrum, and which appear to follow the predictions of the quasi equilibrium theory, show many more of the possible unimolecular ion decomposition reactions for an ion than do unimolecular metastables, and thus provide valuable information for ion reaction mechanisms and molecular structure determination. Collisional activation can sometimes yield ion energies which are relatively inaccessible by electron impact. The precursor ion internal energy has a negligible effect on the ion's CA spectrum except for product ions formed through the processes of lowest activation energy. Thus, CA spectra should also be valuable for the characterization of ion structures.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The fast atom bombardment (FAB), frit-FAB and electrospray ionization mass spectra of bis-ammonium salts, C2+ 2X-, were compared. The most informative spectra were the FAB mass spectra with m-nitrobenzyl alcohol as matrix and the Frit-FAB mass spectra. The nucleophilic character of the iodine anion was established.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Oligomeric ions formed from aluminium 2,2′,2″-nitriltriethoxide (alumatrane) are present in electron impact (EI) ionization, chemical ionization (CI), direct-exposure probe chemical ionization (DCI) and liquid secondary ion (LSI) mass spectra. These oligomeric ions are most pronounced in the LSI mass spectrum, extending from monomeric to heptameric ions. The oligomeric ions exist there in the forms [Mn + H]+ and [Mn + (AIO)a + (Al2O3)b]+ where the sum of a and b can be as high as 5. In contrast to previous interpretations of EI and CI results, the LSI mass spectral data do not support a special stability for either the dimeric or tetrameric gas-phase forms of alumatrane.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. 33-37 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. iii 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. 39-42 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. 52-55 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. iii 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. 65-66 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. 67-68 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 406-409 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A low-energy (5-450 eV) collision-activated dissociation (CAD) study of a series of aliphatic amines revealed that at collision energies above 200 eV, charge-site-initiated fragmentation occurs. The resulting fragment ions can be utilized in the characterization of alkyl substituents of di- and trisubstituted aliphatic amines. In the presence of Cu2+ and a suitable nucleophile, such as n-dodecylamine, N-alkyl protoporphyrins dealkylate to afford copper protoporphyrin and an alkyl-dodecylamine adduct. A CAD study of a number of alkyl-dodecylamine adducts derived from the copper-induced dealkylation of synthetic N-alkyl protoporphyrins, using charge-site-initiated fragment ions, showed that the alkyl group was trapped by the nucleophilic amine present. Subsequently this method was used to identify the alkyl group of a biologically derived N-alkyl protoporphyrin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 418-420 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A CONCEPT 1 SQ hybrid mass spectrometer has been used to show the potential of high resolution mass spectrometry and hybrid tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for dioxin analysis. The usual method chosen for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) determination of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) is selected-ion monitoring (SIM) at high resolution, the high resolution imparting a degree of specificity to the analysis. An alternative technique is to use low resolution (1000) gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry on a hybrid mass spectrometer, where the specificity of MS/MS is utilized. Data are presented illustrating the potential of both techniques from a single instrument, the CONCEPT 1 SQ.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 421-425 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transmission oscillation properties of parent ions through an RF-only quadrupole are investigated as a function of collision energy, radicfrequency of the quadrupole, and type and pressure of target gas. It is shown that small variations of collision energy can result in substantial differences in daughter-ion spectra obtained from the same parent ion. Since absolute values of collision energy are difficult to determine, reproducible daughter-ion spectra are problematical to acquire.In this work we show that reproduction of daughter-ion spectra, using the transmission properties of the collision cell, is possible. The characteristics of an RF-only quadrupole (Q*) are such that the parent ion intensity at the second detector varies as a function of collision energy and displays sinusoidal properties. By using the nodes and anti-nodes of the parent-ion transmission it is possible to achieve reproducible daughter-ion spectra of a wide range of biopolymers. The tuning of Q* is mass-dependent and not compound-dependent. Hence it is possible to optimize and tune Q* using an isobaric (or almost) standard such as one of the ions of perfluorotri-n-butylamine (electron ionization) or a glycerol cluster ion (fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry) before subjecting valuable sample to tandem mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 432-435 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oximes of monosaccharides have not been well characterized by mass spectrometry. Conventional electron ionization (EI) experiments have supported the structures of these compounds but the data produced are usually equivocal (Finch and Merchant, JCS Perkin 1, 1682 (1975)). The application of fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry to monosaccharide oximes gives molecular weight information. However, little fragmentation is observed and it is not possible to distinguish between stereoisomers. Using fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry experiments, we have produced daughter-ion spectra which are sufficiently different to enable us to distinguish between the stereoisomers of the oximes of monosaccharides.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 436-439 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The introduction of more rigorous regulations aimed at controlling the use of sulphonated dyestuffs and dyestuff intermediates has pointed to the need for screening methods for the presence of these involatile compounds. Although much work has been caried out recently on the mass spectrometric behaviour of these compounds, it has been concerned principally with the production of molecular weight information using novel ionization methods rather than with any attempt to obtain structurally diagnostic fragment ions. In this mass spectrometric investigation of a range of naphthalene sulphonic acid salts, positive-ion and negative-ion fast-atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra have been obtained and FAB-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has been used to acquire spectra (daugher-ion, parent-ion and neutral-loss) in an attempt to develop a useful screening method. On known compounds, best results were found when using a negative-ion neutral-loss scan to detect the loss of 64 mass units (corresponding to loss of SO2). This was confirmed by successful use of this scan to screen a sample of sulphonate residues.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2 (1988), S. 35-38 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...