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  • Animals  (27,852)
  • Humans  (26,754)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (12,790)
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 1
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    How nature shaped echolocation in animals (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Echolocation has evolved in different groups of animals, from bats and cetaceans to birds and humans, and enables localization and tracking of objects in a dynamic environment, where light levels may be very low or absent. Nature has shaped echolocation, an active sense that engages audiomotor feedback systems, which operates in diverse environments and situations. Echolocation production and perception vary across species, and signals are often adapted to the environment and task. In the last several decades, researchers have been studying the echolocation behavior of animals, both in the air and underwater, using different methodologies and perspectives. The result of these studies has led to rich knowledge on sound production mechanisms, directionality of the sound beam, signal design, echo reception and perception. Active control over echolocation signal production and the mechanisms for echo processing ultimately provide animals with an echoic scene or image of their surroundings. Sonar signal features directly influence the information available for the echolocating animal to perceive images of its environment. In many echolocating animals, the information processed through echoes elicits a reaction in motor systems, including adjustments in subsequent echolocation signals. We are interested in understanding how echolocating animals deal with different environments (e.g. clutter, light levels), tasks, distance to targets or objects, different prey types or other food sources, presence of conspecifics or certain predators, ambient and anthropogenic noise. In recent years, some researchers have presented new data on the origins of echolocation, which can provide a hint of its evolution. Theoreticians have addressed several issues that bear on echolocation systems, such as frequency or time resolution, target localization and beam-forming mechanisms. In this Research Topic we compiled recent work that elucidates how echolocation – from sound production, through echolocation signals to perception- has been shaped by nature functioning in different environments and situations. We strongly encouraged comparative approaches that would deepen our understanding of the processes comprising this active sense.
    Keywords: QP1-981 ; Q1-390 ; bats ; Biosonar ; Humans ; marine mammals ; sensory biology ; Birds ; Behavior ; Communication ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Calgary (2022)
    University of Calgary Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: How have our interactions with animals shaped Calgary? What can we do to ensure that humans and animals in the city continue to co-exist, and even flourish together? This wide-ranging book explores the ways that animals inhabit our city, our lives and our imaginations. Essays from animal historians, wildlife specialists, artists and writers address key issues such as human-wildlife interactions, livestock in the city, and animal performers at the Calgary Stampede. Contributions from some of Calgary's iconic arts institutions, including One Yellow Rabbit Performance Theatre, Decidedly Jazz Danceworks, and the Glenbow Museum, demonstrate how animals continue to be a source of inspiration and exploration for fashion, art, dance, and theatre. The full-colour volume is beautifully illustrated throughout with archival images, wildlife photography, documentary and production stills, and original artwork. Calgary: City of Animals is published in co-operation with the Calgary Institute for the Humanities.
    Keywords: Nature ; Animals ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Multispezies-Ethnographie (2021)
    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Wie werden Natur und Tiere durch die Multispezies-Ethnographie inklusiv in Forschungsprojekte integriert? Katharina Ameli fokussiert die inter- und multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Aus einer Untersuchung der Schnittstellen zwischen gesellschafts- und naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Fachdisziplinen ergibt sich eine komplexe Betrachtung von Natur, Mensch und Tier. Die Einblicke in Interdependenzen unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen verdeutlichen den Bedarf an einer Multispezies-Ethnographie zur Analyse von MenschenTiereNaturenKulturen.
    Keywords: Natur ; Mensch ; Tiere ; Naturverständnis ; Interdisziplinarität ; Qualitative Forschung ; Kultur ; Ethnographie ; Umwelt ; Tier ; Human-animal Studies ; Umweltsoziologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Nature ; Human ; Animals ; Understanding of Nature ; Interdisciplinarity ; Qualitative Research ; Culture ; Ethnography ; Environment ; Animal ; Environmental Sociology ; Cultural Anthropology ; Sociology of Culture ; Cultural Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: German
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  • 4
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    Chocolate and Health: Friend or Foe? (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: In the ancient past, cocoa has been appreciated as a high-calorie food to boost energy in soldiers and for its undefined medicinal and mystical properties. During other times, chocolate has been considered as the forbidden “food of God”: a treasure of pleasure for the mind and the soul. The overall perception of the consumer for chocolate was of a “charming” and appealing food with lots of negative aspects related to high sugar content leading to consider chocolate as “junk food” for its “obesigen” calories. Recently, in association with the renewed interest of nutrition science in alternative source of health-promoting foods and ingredients, a large body of research has been conducted to unravel the pro and cons of cocoa in relation to human health. Epidemiological evidences indicate that cocoa consumption helps preventing cardiovascular disease for its high content in bioactive flavonoids. Clinical trials show that chocolate consumption might improve vascular function, decreasing platelet aggregation and display an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. The putative protective action of cocoa seems to be multi-factorial and involving different aspects of vascular, antioxidant and endothelial function. However, the mechanism(s) that account for the benefits of cocoa it is still unclear. The aim of this Research Topic is therefore to provide the reader with an objective picture of the state of art on the association between cocoa and health, mainly through the evidences of human trials; overwhelmingly considered the golden standard for nutritional science. The Research Topic will cover the analysis of the manufacturing processes of the chocolate and the antioxidant effects in humans as well as the majority of the putative health effects of chocolate and cocoa, such as anti-inflammatory properties, effect on immunity, platelet aggregation, blood pressure, endothelial function and cognitive behavior. Unraveling the functional properties of cocoa will help to understand if the 'food of God' is a primordial gift for the health of mankind.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; TX341-641 ; Antioxidants ; Obesity ; Flavonoids ; Humans ; Chocolate ; Blood pressure ; Inflammation ; Cognitive function ; Cocoa ; Immunity
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Animal Metropolis (2022)
    University of Calgary Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: Animal Metropolis brings a Canadian perspective to the growing field of animal history, ranging across species and cities, from the beavers who engineered Stanley Park to the carthorses who shaped the city of Montreal. Some essays consider animals as spectacle: orca captivity in Vancouver, polar bear tourism in Churchill, Manitoba, fish on display in the Dominion Fisheries Museum, and the racialized memory of Jumbo the elephant in St. Thomas, Ontario. Others examine the bodily intimacies of shared urban spaces: the regulation of rabid dogs in Banff, the maternal politics of pure milk in Hamilton and the circulation of tetanus bacilli from horse to human in Toronto. Another considers the marginalization of women in Canada’s animal welfare movement. The authors collectively push forward from a historiography that features nonhuman animals as objects within human-centered inquiries to a historiography that considers the eclectic contacts, exchanges, and cohabitation of human and nonhuman animals. With contributions by: Kristoffer Archibald, Jason Colby, George Colpitts, Joanna Dean, Carla Hustak, Darcy Ingram, Sean Kheraj, William Knight, Sherry Olson, Rachel Poliquin, and Christabelle Sethna
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropology ; Environmental Science ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    The Functional Organization of the Auditory System (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This eBook comprises s series of original research and review articles dealing with the anatomical, genetic, and physiological organization of the auditory system from humans to monkeys and mice.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; audition ; monkeys ; gens ; translational ; Humans ; Rodents ; Memory ; Perception ; Physiology ; functional imaging ; Anatomy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World (2021)
    University Press of Colorado | University Press of Colorado
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World explores the current trends in the social archaeology of human-animal relationships, focusing on the ways in which animals are used to structure, create, support, and even deconstruct social inequalities. The authors provide a global range of case studies from both New and Old World archaeology—royal Aztec dog burial, the monumental horse tombs of Central Asia, and the ceremonial macaw cages of ancient Mexico among them. They explore the complex relationships between people and animals in social, economic, political, and ritual contexts, incorporating animal remains from archaeological sites with artifacts, texts, and iconography to develop their interpretations. Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World presents new data and interpretations that reveal the role of animals, their products, and their symbolism in structuring social inequalities in the ancient world. The volume will be of interest to archaeologists, especially zooarchaeologists, and classical scholars of pre-modern civilizations and societies.  Contributors: Alejandra Aguirre Molina, Benjamin S. Arbuckle, Levent Atici, Douglas V. Campana, Roderick Campbell, Ximena Chá­vez Balderas, Pam J. Crabtree, Susan D. deFrance, Kitty F. Emery, Abigail Holeman, H. Edwin Jackson, Leonardo López Lujá­n, Michael MacKinnon, Arkadiusz Marciniak, Sue Ann McCarty, Neil L. Norman, Gilberto Perez, Bernardo Rodriguez, William A. Saturno, Ashley E. Sharpe, Nawa Sugiyama, Charlotte K. Sunseri, Naomi Sykes, Fabiola Torres, Raul Valadez, Norma Valentin Maldonado, Adam S. Watson, Joshua Wright, Belem Zuniga-Arelleno
    Keywords: History ; Ancient ; Social Science ; Archaeology ; Nature ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Spatial memory - a unique window into healthy and pathological ageing (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The global population aged over 60 is set to rise dramatically in the coming decades. In many countries, the older population now faces the prospect of spending a quarter of their lives aged over 65, and a significant proportion will have to cope with cognitive decline associated with normal ageing or with dementia disorders. Given that these fundamental demographic changes will pose a significant challenge to health care systems, a detailed understanding of age-related cognitive and neurobiological changes is essential in helping elderly populations maintain cognitive performance. In addition, developing sensitive biomarkers to identify those at risk of developing dementia is crucial for early and effective interventions. To make inferences about the ageing process from the animal model back to the human, rigorous behavioral paradigms must be used to ensure that the same function is being examined across species. Given that similar navigational paradigms can easily be applied to humans and animals, recent years have seen an expansion of studies attempting to bridge the gap between age-related changes in animal and human spatial cognition. These studies begin to suggest that disruptions in spatial computations are among the earliest indicators of impending cognitive decline. In addition, although many animal studies have identified pathological mechanisms with paradigms involving spatial navigation, these mechanisms support many nonspatial cognitive functions as well. As a consequence, a successful characterization of how spatial processing changes in the ageing brain could reveal fundamental effects of cognitive ageing that could inform about general mechanisms underlying decline in perception, mnemonic processing and multisensory integration.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; Neuroscience ; spatial navigation ; Humans ; Aging ; Animal Models ; Dementia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Human and Animal Models for Translational Research on Neurodegeneration: Challenges and Opportunities From South America (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Neurodegenerative diseases are the most frequent cause of dementia, representing a burden for public health systems (especially in middle and middle-high income countries). Although most research on this issue is concentrated in first-world centers, growing efforts in South America are affording important breakthroughs. This emerging agenda poses new challenges for the region but also new opportunities for the field. This book aims to integrate the community of experts across the globe and the region, and to establish new challenges and developments for future investigation. We present research focused on neurodegenerative research in South America. We introduce studies assessing the interplay among genetic, neural, and behavioral dimensions of these diseases, as well as articles on vulnerability factors, comparisons of findings from various countries, and works promoting multicenter and collaborative networking. More generally, our book covers a broad scope of human-research approaches (behavioral assessment, neuroimaging, electromagnetic techniques, brain connectivity, peripheral measures), animal methodologies (genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, other molecular biology tools), species (all human and non-human animals, sporadic, and genetic versions), and article types (original research, review, and opinion papers). Through this wide-ranging proposal, we hope to introduce a fresh approach to the challenges and opportunities of research on neurodegeneration in South America.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; South America ; Multicenter research ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neurosciences ; Public Health ; Animals ; Clinical Protocols ; Research ; Human Experimentation ; Dementia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Hidden Depths (2022)
    White Rose University Press | White Rose University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: In Hidden Depths, Professor Penny Spikins explores how our emotional connections have shaped human ancestry. Focusing on three key transitions in human origins, Professor Spikins explains how the emotional capacities of our early ancestors evolved in response to ecological changes, much like similar changes in other social mammals. For each transition, dedicated chapters examine evolutionary pressures, responses in changes in human emotional capacities and the archaeological evidence for human social behaviours. Starting from our earliest origins, in Part One, Professor Spikins explores how after two million years ago, movement of human ancestors into a new ecological niche drove new types of collaboration, including care for vulnerable members of the group. Emotional adaptations lead to cognitive changes, as new connections based on compassion, generosity, trust and inclusion also changed our relationship to material things. Part Two explores a later key transition in human emotional capacities occurring after 300,000 years ago. At this time changes in social tolerance allowed ancestors of our own species to further reach out beyond their local group and care about distant allies, making human communities resilient to environmental changes. An increasingly close relationship to animals, and even to cherished possessions, appeared at this time, and can be explained through new human vulnerabilities and ways of seeking comfort and belonging. Lastly, Part Three focuses on the contrasts in emotional dispositions arising between ourselves and our close cousins, the Neanderthals. Neanderthals are revealed as equally caring yet emotionally different humans, who might, if things had been different, have been in our place today. This new narrative breaks away from traditional views of human evolution as exceptional or as a linear progression towards a more perfect form. Instead, our evolutionary history is situated within similar processes occurring in other mammals, and explained as one in which emotions, rather than ‘intellect’, were key to our evolutionary journey. Moreover, changes in emotional capacities and dispositions are seen as part of differing pathways each bringing strengths, weaknesses and compromises. These hidden depths provide an explanation for many of the emotional sensitivities and vulnerabilities which continue to influence our world today.
    Keywords: Human demography ; Group size ; Lithic transfers ; Raw material movements ; Bonobos ; Dog burial ; Comfort ; Symbolic objects ; Symbolism ; Mobiliary art ; Attachment fluidity ; Hypersociability ; Human-animal relationships ; Dog domestication ; Attachment object ; Approachability ; Approach behaviour ; Avoidance behaviour ; Androgens ; Physiological responses ; Cognitive Archaeology ; Autism Spectrum Condition ; Handaxe ; Biface ; Neurodiversity ; Palaeolithic stone tools ; Evolution of neurodiversity ; Rock art ; Ice age art ; Material Culture ; Cultural transmission ; Emotional commitment ; Biopsychosocial approach ; Social tolerance ; Attachment ; Genus Homo ; Acheulian ; Cultural evolution ; Skeletal abnormality ; Injury ; Illness ; Interdependence ; Emotional sensitivity ; Moral emotions ; Evolution of Altruism ; Hominins ; Upper Palaeolithic ; Lower Palaeolithic ; Ecological niche ; Selective pressure ; Behavioural ecology ; Wolves ; Affective empathy ; Cognitive empathy ; Theory of mind ; Human Cognition ; Vulnerability ; Evolutionary Psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Helping behaviours ; Social cognition ; Social mammals ; Human Emotion ; Human social collaboration ; Generosity ; Emotional brain ; Social emotions ; Comparative behaviour ; Evolution ; Social carnivores ; Primate behavioural ecology ; Primate social systems ; Human Evolution ; Human ancestors ; Collaboration ; Evolutionary Biology ; Emotional vulnerability ; Social connection ; Decolonisation ; Social networks ; Middle Palaeolithic ; Community resilience ; Convergent evolution ; Chimpanzee ; Origin of modern humans ; Social safeness ; Wolf domestication ; Cherished possessions ; Compensatory attachment ; Loneliness ; Palaeolithic art ; Stress reactivity ; Bonding hormones ; Humans ; Hunter-gatherers ; Intergroup collaboration ; Tolerance ; Emotional connection ; Autism ; Trust ; Early Prehistory ; Palaeopathology ; Origins of healthcare ; Human self-domestication ; Palaeolithic Archaeology ; Social brain ; Care-giving ; Empathy ; Neanderthals ; Compassion ; Social Connection ; Evolution of Emotions ; Human Origins ; Adaptation ; Prehistory ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HD Archaeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWQ Revolutionary groups & movements ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Neuropharmacological, Neurobiological and Behavioral Mechanisms of Learning and Memory (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: drugs ; Behavior ; Memory tasks ; pre-clinical ; clinical ; Humans ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Sentient Ecologies (2022)
    Berghahn Books | Berghahn Books
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Employing methodological perspectives from the fields of political geography, environmental studies, anthropology, and their cognate disciplines, this volume explores alternative logics of sentient landscapes as racist, xenophobic, and right-wing. While the field of sentient landscapes has gained critical attention, the literature rarely seems to question the intentionality of sentient landscapes, which are often romanticized as pure, good, and just, and perceived as protectors of those who are powerless, indigenous, and colonized. The book takes a new stance on sentient landscapes with the intention of dispelling the denial of “coevalness” represented by their scholarly romanticization.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Sociology ; Rural ; Nature ; Animals ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSF Rural communities ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WN Natural history::WNC Wildlife: general interest ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Pacific Climate Cultures (2022)
    De Gruyter | De Gruyter Open Poland
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-22
    Description: This edited volume examines the opportunities to think, do, and/or create jointly afforded by digital storytelling. The contributors discuss digital storytelling in the context of educational programs, teaching anthropology, and ethnographic research involving a variety of populations and subjects that will appeal to researchers and practitioners engaged with qualitative methods and pedagogies that rely on media technology.
    Keywords: Discourse ; Climate Change ; Humans ; Nature ; Oceania ; Resilience ; Environmental Ethics ; Environmental Change ; Worldview ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFC Social impact of disasters ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFH Popular beliefs & controversial knowledge::JFHF Folklore, myths & legends ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSL Ethnic studies::JFSL9 Indigenous peoples ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBD Population & demography ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSX Human biology::PSXM Medical anthropology
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noninvasive measures of oxidative stress status in humans
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 10 (1991), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Keywords: Free radicals ; Humans ; Noninvasive analytical techniques ; Oxidative stress status
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0891-5849(91)90073-C
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo loss of telomeric repeats with age in humans
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research DNAging 256 (1991), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0921-8734
    Keywords: Ageing ; Humans ; Skin cells ; Telomeres
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0921-8734(91)90032-7
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevated frequencies of hprt mutant lymphocytes in cigarette-smoking mothers and their newborns
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 304 (1994), S. 285-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0027-5107
    Keywords: Cotinine ; Genetic monitoring ; Hprt mutation ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Pregnancy ; Smoking ; Tobacco
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0027-5107(94)90221-6
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA damage and rpair with age in individual human lymphocytes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research DNAging 237 (1990), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0921-8734
    Keywords: Aging ; Humans ; Ionizing radiation ; Single cell electrophoresis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0921-8734(90)90018-M
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radioimmunoassay for immunoreactive [des-Leu^1^0]-angiotensin I
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 10 (1989), S. 489-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Angiotensin II ; Blood ; Humans ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; [des-Leu^1^0]-angiotensin I
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(89)90133-2
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence against autocrine feedback regulation of cholecystokinin secretion in man
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 13 (1992), S. 287-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Autocrine feedback mechanism ; Cholecystokinin ; Feeding ; Humans ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(92)90110-O
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic cat predation on vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) while foraging on goats, pigs, cows and human beings
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Animal Behaviour Science 39 (1994), S. 141-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-1591
    Keywords: Cats ; Foraging ; Humans ; Livestock ; Predators ; Vampire bats
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(94)90134-1
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioural responses to humans and the productivity of commercial broiler chickens
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Animal Behaviour Science 41 (1994), S. 101-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-1591
    Keywords: Fear ; Handling ; Humans ; Poultry ; Productivity
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(94)90055-8
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal gradients in the oesophagus of man during exercise and passive warming
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Thermal Biology 5 (1980), S. 249-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-4565
    Keywords: Humans ; exercise ; hyperthermia ; oesophageal temperature
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0306-4565(80)90029-7
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    Implications for evolution of nuclear structures of animals, plants, fungi and protoctists
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biosystems 22 (1989), S. 103-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0303-2647
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell nucleus ; Evolution ; Plants ; Protoctista ; Taxonomy
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0303-2647(89)90039-7
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    The compositional distribution of coding sequences and DNA molecules in humans and murids (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 311-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genome composition ; Coding sequences ; Isochores ; Humans ; Murids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The compositional distributions of coding sequences and DNA molecules (in the 50-100-kb range) are remarkably narrower in murids (rat and mouse) compared to humans (as well as to all other mammals explored so far). In murids, both distributions begin at higher and end at lower GC values. A comparison of homologous coding sequences from murids and humans revealed that their different compositional distributions are due to differences in GC levels in all three codon positions, particularly of genes located at both ends of the distribution. In turn, these differences are responsible for differences in both codon usage and amino acids. When GC levels at first+second codon positions and third codon positions, respectively, of murid genes are plotted against corresponding GC levels of homologous human genes, linear relationships (with very high correlation coefficients and slopes of about 0.78 and 0.60, respectively) are found. This indicates a conservation of the order of GC levels in homologous genes from humans and murids. (The same comparison for mouse and rat genes indicates a conservation of GC levels of homologous genes.) A similar linear relationship was observed when plotting GC levels of corresponding DNA fractions (as obtained by density gradient centrifugation in the presence of a sequence-specific ligand) from mouse and human. These findings indicate that orderly compositional changes affecting not only coding sequences but also noncoding sequences took place since the divergence of murids. Such directional fixations of mutations point to the existence of selective pressures affecting the genome as a whole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101193
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    Phylogenetic evidence for multiple Alu source genes (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 7-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Alu source genes ; Humans ; Gorillas ; Retrotransposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A member of the young PV Alu sub-family is detected in chimpanzee DNA showing that the PV subfamily is not specific to human DNA. This particular Alu is absent from the orthologous loci in both human and gorilla DNAs, indicating that PV subfamily members transposed within the chimpanzee lineage following the divergence of chimpanzee from both gorilla and human. These findings and previous reports describing the transpositional activity of other Alu sequences within the human, gorilla, and chimpanzee lineages provide phylogenetic evidence for the existence of multiple Alu source genes. Sequences surrounding this particular Alu resemble known transcriptional control elements associated with RNA polymerase III, suggesting a mechanism by which cis-acting elements might be acquired upon retrotransposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160256
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    Phylogenetic position of Dictyostelium inferred from multiple protein data sets (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 41 (1995), S. 238-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Cellular slime molds ; Animals ; Fungi ; Plantae ; Maximum-likelihood method ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phylogenetic position of Dictyostelium inferred from 18S rRNA data contradicts that from protein data. Protein trees always show the close affinity of Dictyostelium with animals, fungi, and plants, whereas in 18S rRNA trees the branching of Dictyostelium is placed at a position before the massive radiation of protist groups including the divergence of the three kingdoms. To settle this controversial issue and to determine the correct position of Dictyostelium, we inferred the phylogenetic relationship among Dictyostelium and the three kingdoms Animalia, Fungi, and Plantae by a maximum-likelihood method using 19 different protein data sets. It was shown at the significance level of 1 SE that the branching of Dictyostelium antedates the divergence of Animalia and Fungi, and Plantae is an outgroup of the Animalia-Fungi-Dictyostelium clade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170678
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  • 27
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    An analysis of codon usage in mammals: Selection or mutation bias? (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 33 (1991), S. 442-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mouse ; Rat ; Codon usage ; Mutation bias ; Selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new statistical test has been developed to detect selection on silent sites. This test compares the codon usage within a gene and thus does not require knowledge of which genes are under the greatest selection, that there exist common trends in codon usage across genes, or that genes have the same mutation pattern. It also controls for mutational biases that might be introduced by the adjacent bases. The test was applied to 62 mammalian sequences, the significant codon usage biases were detected in all three species examined (humans, rats, and mice). However, these biases appear not to be the consequence of selection, but of the first base pair in the codon influencing the mutation pattern at the third position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02103136
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  • 28
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    The evolution of two west African populations (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 34 (1992), S. 336-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Nuclear polymorphisms ; Heteroplasmy ; Genetic differentiation ; Sickle cell ; Rain forest refuges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The identification of genetically coherent populations is essential for understanding human evolution. Among the culturally uniform ethnic groups of west Africa, there are two geographically distinct populations with high frequencies of sickle-cell hemoglobin (HbS). Although the HbS mutation in each group is found on distinguishable chromosomes 11, these populations have been assumed to be parts of a single population. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in these populations demonstrated that the two populations identified by alternative chromosomes 11 bearing HbS have distinct distributions of mitochondrial genotypes, i.e., they are maternally separate. These studies also showed that, contrary to expectation, the mtDNA of some individuals is heteroplasmic. For nuclear loci, a comparison of the frequency of alternative alleles established that these populations are genetically distinct. Both the mitochondrial and nuclear data indicate that these populations have been separate for approximately 50,000 years. Although HbS in the two populations is usually attributed to recent, independent mutations, the duration of the separation and the observed geographic distribution of the population allow for the possibility of an ancient origin of HbS. Assuming an ancient mutation and considering the known biogeography, we suggest that HbS protected selected populations from malaria in rain forest refuges during the most recent ice age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160241
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  • 29
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    Evolutionary relationships of eukaryotic kingdoms (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 42 (1996), S. 183-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Small-subunit ribosomal RNA ; Phylogeny ; Animals ; Fungi ; Plants ; Alveolates ; Heterokonts ; Stramenopiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The evolutionary relationships of four eukaryotic kingdoms—Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista—remain unclear. In particular, statistical support for the closeness of animals to fungi rather than to plants is lacking, and a preferred branching order of these and other eukaryotic lineages is still controversial even though molecular sequences from diverse eukaryotic taxa have been analyzed. We report a statistical analysis of 214 sequences of nuclear small-subunit ribosomal RNA (srRNA) gene undertaken to clarify these evolutionary relationships. We have considered the variability of substitution rates and the nonindependence of nucleotide substitution across sites in the srRNA gene in testing alternative hypotheses regarding the branching patterns of eukaryote phylogeny. We find that the rates of evolution among sites in the srRNA sequences vary substantially and are approximately gamma distributed with size and shape parameter equal to 0.76. Our results suggest that (1) the animals and true fungi are indeed closer to each other than to any other “crown” group in the eukaryote tree, (2) red algae are the closest relatives of animals, true fungi, and green plants, and (3) the heterokonts and alveolates probably evolved prior to the divergence of red algae and animal-fungus-green-plant lineages. Furthermore, our analyses indicate that the branching order of the eukaryotic lineages that diverged prior to the evolution of alveolates may be generally difficult to resolve with the srRNA sequence data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02198844
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    The substance P content of peripheral tissues in several mammals
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 4 (1983), S. 451-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Biliary system ; Cat ; Guinea-pig ; Humans ; Mucosa ; Rabbit ; Radioimmunoassay ; Respiratory system ; Skin ; Substance P ; Sympathetic nervous system ; Urinary system
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(83)90048-7
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  • 31
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    A neuroheptapeptide influence on cognitive functioning in the elderly
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 1 (1980), S. 55-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: ACTH ; Aging ; Attention ; Cognition ; Humans ; MSH ; Peptide ; Visual retention
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(80)90036-4
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  • 32
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    Circulatory effects of VIP in anesthetized man
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 5 (1984), S. 319-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Blood flow ; Circulation ; Electromagnetic flowmetry ; Humans ; VIP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(84)90227-4
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    Interspecies homology of cytochrome P-450: toxicological significance of cytochrome P-450 cross-reactive with anti-rat P-448-H antibodies in liver microsomes from dogs, monkeys and humans
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research Letters 226 (1989), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-7992
    Keywords: Cytochrome P-450 ; Dogs ; Humans ; Monkeys ; P-448-H ; Rats
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-7992(89)90014-6
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  • 34
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    Evidence for genetic similarity detection in human marriage
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ethology and Sociobiology 6 (1985), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-3095
    Keywords: Assortative mating ; Genetic similarity ; Heritability ; Humans ; Kin recognition
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0162-3095(85)90030-5
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  • 35
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    Estimating paternity confidence
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ethology and Sociobiology 8 (1987), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-3095
    Keywords: Humans ; Paternity confidence ; Relatedness
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(87)90045-8
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  • 36
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    Agaricus Bisporus: An assessment of its carcinogenic potency (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 124 (1993), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Assessment ; Cancer ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Mushroom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This assessment focuses on the concentrations of some chemicals present in theAgaricus bisporus mushroom, the cancer-inducing doses of these chemicals or mushroom used in the animal experiments, the total amounts of these chemicals or mushroom needed to induce cancer in these mice, and the estimated total amounts of these chemicals or mushroom needed to induce cancer in humans. By adding the estimated amounts of chemicals needed to induce cancer and by comparing it with the amount of raw mushroom needed to induce the same effect, it becomes obvious that we have accounted for less than 2% of the carcinogenic components of theAgaricus bisporus mushroom. Since some unavailable data handicapped this assessment, it should be regarded as tentative and subject to further adjustment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103105
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    The solar wind and human birth rate: A possible relationship due to magnetic disturbances (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 34 (1990), S. 42-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Briths ; Humans ; Solar wind ; Geomagnetism ; Melatonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Data obtained from the literature on the annual pattern of human conceptions and plasma melatonin at high latitudes indicated that simple annual rhythms do not exist. Instead, prominent semiannual rhythms are found, with equinoctial troughs and solsticial peaks. A prominent semiannual environmental event is the magnetic disturbance induced by the solar wind. The semiannual magnetic disturbances are worldwide, but most pronounced in the auroral zones where the corpuscular radiation enters the atmosphere. Magnetic indices that predominantly reflect these events were obtained from the literature and correlated with the melatonin and conception data. Significant and inverse correlations were found for Inuit conceptions and the melatonin data. The correlations obtained for 48 contiguous states of the United States indicated that only the extreme northern states exhibited this relationship. These data were compared with a previous correlational study in the United States which established that sunshine was correlated with conceptions in the middle latitude and southern states. An hypothesis of dual control by electromagnetic and magnetic energies is proposed: melatonin is a progonadal hormone in humans controlled by both factors, depending on their relative strength. Other studies are reviewed regarding the possible factors involved in determining the annual pattern of human conceptions. Demographic studies of geographic variation in temporal patterns of conceptions, with particular regard to variations of the magnetic fields on the earth's surface, may provide some insight into the efficacy of these different factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045819
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    Animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air emissions (1984)
    Springer
    Environmental management 8 (1984), S. 309-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Animals ; Indicators ; Air pollution ; Ecosystem responses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract With existing and proposed air-quality regulations, ecological disasters resulting from air emissions such as those observed at Copperhill, Tennessee, and Sudbury, Ontario, are unlikely. Current air-quality standards, however, may not protect ecosystems from subacute and chronic exposure to air emissions. The encouragement of the use of coal for energy production and the development of the fossil-fuel industries, including oil shales, tar sands, and coal liquification, point to an increase and spread of fossil-fuel emissions and the potential to influence a number of natural ecosystems. This paper reviews the reported responses of ecosystems to air-borne pollutants and discusses the use of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to these pollutants. Animal species and populations can act as important indicators of biotic and abiotic responses of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These responses can indicate long-term trends in ecosystem health and productivity, chemical cycling, genetics, and regulation. For short-term trends, fish and wildlife also serve as monitors of changes in community structure, signaling food-web contamination, as well as providing a measure of ecosystem vitality. Information is presented to show not only the importance of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air-quality degradation, but also their value as air-pollution indices, that is, as air-quality-related values (AQRV), required in current air-pollution regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868030
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    Segmentation and tracking of piglets in images (1995)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 8 (1995), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Tracking ; Segmentation ; Pigs ; Animals ; Computer vision
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract An algorithm was developed for the segmentation and tracking of piglets and tested on a 200-image sequence of 10 piglets moving on a straw background. The image-capture rate was 1 image/140 ms. The segmentation method was a combination of image differencing with respect to a median background and a Laplacian operator. The features tracked were blob edges in the segmented image. During tracking, the piglets were modelled as ellipses initialised on the blobs. Each piglet was tracked by searching for blob edges in an elliptical window about the piglet's position, which was predicted from its previous two positions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01215814
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    The ultrastructure, catecholamine, and prolactin contents of the rostral pars distalis of the fish Mugil platanus after reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine administration (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 551-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypophysis ; Rostral pars distalis ; Mugil platanus ; Animals ; Prolactin hormone secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rostral pars distalis (RPD) of the teleost Mugil platanus from animals pretreated with reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HODA) were assayed for dopamine (DA) or noradrenaline (NA) or for prolactin hormone. Such determinations were coupled with electron microscopy. It was found that reserpine and 6-HODA produced a significant decrease in the content of DA, NA, and prolactin. Electron microscope studies revealed that prolactin cells became activated as judged by ultrastructural criteria. After 6-HODA treatment type “B” neurosecretory fibers entering the RPD became selectively destroyed. These observations lead us to suggest that prolactin secretion is under inhibitory control by type “B” neurosecretory fibers of adrenergic nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209354
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    Implementation of periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate staining for ultrastructural assessment of muscle glycogen utilization during exercise (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 242 (1985), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Skeletal muscles ; Ultrastructure ; Exercise ; Glycogen ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution of glycogen particles in semithin and ultrathin sections of biopsy samples from human muscles subjected to either short- or long-term running were investigated using PAS and Periodic Acid-ThioSemiCarbazide-Silver Proteinate (PA-TSC-SP) staining methods. Glycogen particles were predominantly found immediately under the sarcolemma or aligned along the myofibrillar Iband. After long-term exhaustive exercise type-1 fibers with a few or no glycogen particles in the core of the fibers were frequently observed. The subsarcolemmal glycogen stores of these “depleted” type-1 fibers were about three times as large as after exhaustive short-time exercise. Another indication of utilization of subsarcolemmal glycogen stores during anaerobic exercise was that many particles displayed a pale, rudimentary shape. This observation suggests fragmental metabolization of glycogen. Thus, depending on type of exercise and type of fiber differential and sequential glycogen utilization patterns can be observed.
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    Perception of shape from shading in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans (Homo sapiens) (1998)
    Springer
    Animal cognition 1 (1998), S. 25-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-9456
    Keywords: Key words Shape from shading ; Visual search ; Texture segregation ; Chimpanzees ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The perception of shape from shading was tested in two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and five humans (Homo sapiens), using visual search tasks. Subjects were required to select and touch an odd item (target) from among uniform distractors. Humans found the target faster when shading was vertical than when it was horizontal, consistent with results of previous research. Both chimpanzees showed the opposite pattern: they found the target faster when shading was horizontal. The same difference in response was found in texture segregation tasks. This difference between the species could not be explained by head rotation or head shift parallel to the surface of the monitor. Furthermore, when the shaded shape was changed from a circle to a square, or the shading type was changed from gradual to stepwise, the difference in performance between vertical and horizontal shading disappeared in chimpanzees, but persisted in humans. These results suggest that chimpanzees process shading information in a different way from humans.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100710050004
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    Animal Consciousness and Ethics in Asia and the Pacific (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of agricultural and environmental ethics 10 (1997), S. 249-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-322X
    Keywords: Animals ; Asia ; consciousness ; Australia ; Hong Kong ; India ; Israel ; Japan ; New Zealand ; The Philippines ; Russia ; Singapore ; Thailand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract The interactions between humans, animals and the environment have shaped human values and ethics, not only the genes that we are made of. The animal rights movement challenges human beings to reconsider interactions between humans and other animals, and maybe connected to the environmental movement that begs us to recognize the fact that there are symbiotic relationships between humans and all other organisms. The first part of this paper looks at types of bioethics, the implications of autonomy and the value of being alive. Then the level of consciousness of these relationships are explored in survey results from Asia and the Pacific, especially in the 1993 International Bioethics Survey conducted in Australia, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, The Philippines, Russia, Singapore and Thailand. Very few mentioned animal consciousness in the survey, but there were more biocentric comments in Australia and Japan; and more comments with the idea of harmony including humans in Thailand. Comparisons between questions and surveys will also be made, in an attempt to describe what people imagine animal consciousness to be, and whether this relates to human ethics of the relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007774409131
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    Influence of the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system on the energetically optimum breathing frequency (1993)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 21 (1993), S. 489-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Work of breathing ; Inspiratory pressure-time integral ; Respiratory modeling ; Dogs ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract We hypothesized that the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system should have significant implications for the energetically optimal frequency of breathing, in view of the fact that these properties cause marked dependencies of overall system resistance and elastance on frequency. To test our hypothesis we simulated two models of canine and human respiratory system mechanics during sinusoidal breathing and calculated the inspiratory work ( $$\dot W$$ ) and pressure-time integral (PTI) per minute under both resting and exercise conditions. The two models were a two-compartment viscoelastic model and a single-compartment model. Requiring minute alveolar ventilation to be fixed, we found that both models predicted almost identical optimum breathing frequencies. The calculated PTI was very insensitive to increases in breathing frequency above the optimal frequencies, while $$\dot W$$ was found to increase slowly with frequency above its optimum. In contrast, both $$\dot W$$ and PTI increased sharply as frequency decreased below their respective optima. A sensitivity analysis showed that the model predictions were very insensitive to the elastance and resistance values chosen to characterize tissue viscoelasticity. We conclude that the $$\dot W$$ criterion for choosing the frequency of breathing is compatible with observations in nature, whereas the optimal frequency predictions of the PTI are rather too high. Both criteria allow for a fairly wide margin of choice in frequency above the optimum values without incurring excessive additional energy expenditure. Furthermore, contrary to our expectations, the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system tissues do not pose a noticeable problem to the respiratory controller in terms of energy expenditure.
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    Niphargus-Thiothrix associations may be widespread in sulphidic groundwater ecosystems: evidence from southeastern Romania. (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-25
    Description: Niphargus is a speciose amphipod genus found in groundwater habitats across Europe. Three Niphargus species living in the sulphidic Frasassi caves in Italy harbour sulphur-oxidizing Thiothrix bacterial ectosymbionts. These three species are distantly related, implying that the ability to form ectosymbioses with Thiothrix may be common among Niphargus. Therefore, Niphargus-Thiothrix associations may also be found in sulphidic aquifers other than Frasassi. In this study, we examined this possibility by analysing niphargids of the genera Niphargus and Pontoniphargus collected from the partly sulphidic aquifers of the Southern Dobrogea region of Romania, which are accessible through springs, wells and Movile Cave. Molecular and morphological analyses revealed seven niphargid species in this region. Five of these species occurred occasionally or exclusively in sulphidic locations, whereas the remaining two were restricted to nonsulphidic areas. Thiothrix were detected by PCR on all seven Dobrogean niphargid species and observed using microscopy to be predominantly attached to their hosts' appendages. 16S rRNA gene sequences of the Thiothrix epibionts fell into two main clades, one of which (herein named T4) occurred solely on niphargids collected in sulphidic locations. The other Thiothrix clade was present on niphargids from both sulphidic and nonsulphidic areas and indistinguishable from the T3 ectosymbiont clade previously identified on Frasassi-dwelling Niphargus. Although niphargids from Frasassi and Southern Dobrogea are not closely related, the patterns of their association with Thiothrix are remarkably alike. The finding of similar Niphargus-Thiothrix associations in aquifers located 1200 km apart suggests that they may be widespread in European groundwater ecosystems.
    Keywords: amphipods; ecology; sulphide; symbiosis; systematics; taxonomy ; 551 ; Amphipoda ; Animals ; DNA, Bacterial ; Ecosystem ; Groundwater ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Romania ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sulfur ; Symbiosis ; Thiothrix
    Language: English , English
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    Can humans & coastal landforms co-exist? : proceedings of a workshop held at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA January 24, 2001 (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The primary objective of this publication is to share with a wider audience the valuable information and extensive dialogue that took place amongst over 140 individuals who attended the second in a series of planned workshops on the science and management of coastal landforms in Massachusetts. This workshop took place at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution on January 24, 2001. The individuals who attended this workshop are actively engaged in planning, managing, regulating, engineering, educating, and studying coastal landforms and their beneficial functions. This workshop titled, Can Humans & Coastal Landforms Co-exist?’, was a natural follow-up to a previous workshop, Coastal Landform Management in Massachusetts, held at WHOI October 9-10, 1997 (proceedings published as WHOI Technical Report #WHOI-98-16). The workshop had a very practical, applied focus, providing state-of-the-art scientific understanding of coastal landform function, case history management and regulation of human activities proposed on coastal landforms, a multi-faceted mock conservation commission hearing presented by practicing technical consultants and attorneys that involved all attendees acting as regulators in breakout sessions, and, at the conclusion of the workshop, an open discussion on all issues related to the science and management of coastal landforms, including future research needs.
    Description: Funding for these proceedings was provided by WHOI Sea Grant and the NOAA National Sea Grant College Program Office, Department of Commerce, under NOAA Grant No. M10-2, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Sea Grant Project No. NA86R60075.
    Keywords: Coastal ; Landforms ; Humans
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 1574993 bytes
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    Concerns about quadrupole ICP-MS lead isotopic data and interpretations in the environment and health fields (2018)
    MDPI AG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15 (2018): 723, doi:10.3390/ijerph15040723.
    Description: There has been a massive increase in recent years of the use of lead (Pb) isotopes in attempts to better understand sources and pathways of Pb in the environment and in man or experimental animals. Unfortunately, there have been many cases where the quality of the isotopic data, especially that obtained by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS), are questionable, resulting in questionable identification of potential sources, which, in turn, impacts study interpretation and conclusions. We present several cases where the isotopic data have compromised interpretation because of the use of only the major isotopes 208Pb/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb, or their graphing in other combinations. We also present some examples comparing high precision data from thermal ionization (TIMS) or multi-collector plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to illustrate the deficiency in the Q-ICP-MS data. In addition, we present cases where Pb isotopic ratios measured on Q-ICP-MS are virtually impossible for terrestrial samples. We also evaluate the Pb isotopic data for rat studies, which had concluded that Pb isotopic fractionation occurs between different organs and suggest that this notion of biological fractionation of Pb as an explanation for isotopic differences is not valid. Overall, the brief review of these case studies shows that Q-ICP-MS as commonly practiced is not a suitable technique for precise and accurate Pb isotopic analysis in the environment and health fields
    Keywords: Lead isotopes ; ICP-MS ; TIMS ; MC-ICP-MS ; Environment ; Humans ; Rats ; Fractionation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 48
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    Dynamical quantum phase transitions in the Kitaev honeycomb model (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Markus Schmitt and Stefan Kehrein The notion of a dynamical quantum phase transition (DQPT) was recently introduced [Heyl et al. , Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 , 135704 (2013) ] as the nonanalytic behavior of the Loschmidt echo at critical times in the thermodynamic limit. In this work the quench dynamics in the ground state sector of the two… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075114] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
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    Creating and manipulating non-Abelian anyons in cold atom systems using auxiliary bosons (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Yuhe Zhang, G. J. Sreejith, and J. K. Jain The possibility of realizing bosonic fractional quantum Hall effect in ultracold atomic systems suggests a new route to producing and manipulating anyons, by introducing auxiliary bosons of a different species that capture quasiholes and thus inherit their nontrivial braiding properties. States with… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075116] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 50
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    Origin of strong dispersion in Hubbard insulators (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Y. Wang, K. Wohlfeld, B. Moritz, C. J. Jia, M. van Veenendaal, K. Wu, C.-C. Chen, and T. P. Devereaux Using cluster perturbation theory, we explain the origin of the strongly dispersive feature found at high binding energy in the spectral function of the Hubbard model. By comparing the Hubbard and t − J − 3 s model spectra, we show that this dispersion does not originate from either coupling to spin fluc… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075119] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 51
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    Logarithmic temperature dependence of samarium ion valence in the heavy-fermion Sm_{x} La_{1−x} Os_{4} Sb_{12} (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Kengo Fushiya, Ryoichi Miyazaki, Ryuji Higashinaka, Akira Yamada, Masaichiro Mizumaki, Satoshi Tsutsui, Kiyofumi Nitta, Tomoya Uruga, Bunya Suemitsu, Hideyuki Sato, and Yuji Aoki We have measured x-ray absorption spectra at the Sm L 3 edge to investigate the Sm-ion valence of ( S m x L a 1 − x ) O s 4 S b 12 , in which field-insensitive heavy-fermion behavior appears at low temperatures for x = 1 . It has been found that the Sm-ion valance shifts to 2 + with La ion substitution; from v = + 2.78 ( x = 1 ) … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075118] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 52
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    Lifshitz transition and Van Hove singularity in a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Su-Yang Xu, Chang Liu, I. Belopolski, S. K. Kushwaha, R. Sankar, J. W. Krizan, T.-R. Chang, C. M. Polley, J. Adell, T. Balasubramanian, K. Miyamoto, N. Alidoust, Guang Bian, M. Neupane, H.-T. Jeng, C.-Y. Huang, W.-F. Tsai, T. Okuda, A. Bansil, F. C. Chou, R. J. Cava, H. Lin, and M. Z. Hasan A three-dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetal is a novel state of quantum matter which has recently attracted much attention as an apparent 3D version of graphene. In this paper, we report results on the electronic structure of the 3D Dirac semimetal Na 3 Bi at a surface that reveals its nontrivial ground … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075115] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 53
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    Fermi-liquid theory for the single-impurity Anderson model (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Christophe Mora, Cătălin Paşcu Moca, Jan von Delft, and Gergely Zaránd We generalize Nozières' Fermi-liquid theory for the low-energy behavior of the Kondo model to that of the single-impurity Anderson model. In addition to the electrons' phase shift at the Fermi energy, the low-energy Fermi-liquid theory is characterized by four Fermi-liquid parameters: the two given … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075120] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 54
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    Resolving CuO chain and CuO_{2} plane contributions to the YBa_{2} Cu_{3} O_{7−δ} valence band by standing-wave excited hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): S. Thiess, T.-L. Lee, C. Aruta, C. T. Lin, F. Venturini, N. B. Brookes, B. C. C. Cowie, and J. Zegenhagen We analyzed the valence band (VB) of the 90 K high-temperature superconductor YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 − δ by photoelectron spectroscopy under standing-wave excitation employing hard x rays. Precisely positioning the standing-wave intensity in the unit cell allows selectively probing the VB yield from the CuO chains… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075117] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 55
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    Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering on single magnons at oxygen K edges (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Beom Hyun Kim and Jeroen van den Brink The recent discovery that resonant inelastic x-ray scattering can probe single-magnon (SM) dispersions in transition metal (TM) oxides when the x-ray energy is tuned to the TM L edge has put this technique on a par with inelastic neutron scattering. It is generally presumed that selection rules forb… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081105(R)] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 56
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    Ultralong-range order in the Fermi-Hubbard model with long-range interactions (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Erik G. C. P. van Loon, Mikhail I. Katsnelson, and Mikhail Lemeshko We use the dual boson approach to reveal the phase diagram of the Fermi-Hubbard model with long-range dipole-dipole interactions. By using a large-scale finite-temperature calculation on a 64 × 64 square lattice we demonstrate the existence of a novel phase, possessing an “ultralong-range” order. The … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081106(R)] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 57
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    Quantized topological magnetoelectric effect of the zero-plateau quantum anomalous Hall state (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Jing Wang, Biao Lian, Xiao-Liang Qi, and Shou-Cheng Zhang Motivated by the possibility of experimental detection of the topological magnetoelectric effect the authors put forth a theoretical proposal for its realization in the zero plateau quantum anomalous Hall state of a ferromagnet-topological insulator heterostructure. [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081107(R)] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 58
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    Characterization of topological phase transitions via topological properties of transition points (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): Linhu Li and Shu Chen We study topological properties of phase transition points of topological quantum phase transitions by assigning a topological invariant defined on a closed circle or surface surrounding the phase transition point in the parameter space of momentum and transition driving parameter. By applying our s… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085118] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Kondo physics in a Ni impurity embedded in O-doped Au chains (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Description: Author(s): S. Di Napoli, M. A. Barral, P. Roura-Bas, L. O. Manuel, A. M. Llois, and A. A. Aligia By means of ab initio calculations we study the effect of O doping of Au chains containing a nanocontact represented by a Ni atom as a magnetic impurity. In contrast to pure Au chains, we find that with a minimum O doping the 5 d x z , y z states of Au are pushed up, crossing the Fermi level. We also find… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085120] Published Wed Aug 12, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Chiral triplet superconductivity on the graphene lattice (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Description: Author(s): J. P. L. Faye, P. Sahebsara, and D. Sénéchal Motivated by the possibility of superconductivity in doped graphene sheets, we investigate superconducting order in the extended Hubbard model on the two-dimensional graphene lattice using the variational cluster approximation (VCA) and the cellular dynamical mean-field theory (CDMFT) with an exact … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085121] Published Wed Aug 12, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Infinite matrix product states, boundary conformal field theory, and the open Haldane-Shastry model (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Hong-Hao Tu and Germán Sierra We show that infinite matrix product states (MPSs) constructed from conformal field theories can describe ground states of one-dimensional critical systems with open boundary conditions. To illustrate this, we consider a simple infinite MPS for a spin-1/2 chain and derive an inhomogeneous open Halda… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 041119(R)] Published Wed Jul 29, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Topological states in a microscopic model of interacting fermions (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Nicolai Lang and Hans Peter Büchler Motivated by the question of topological classification in interacting models the authors study an exactly solvable two-leg ladder model of spinless fermions with attractive interactions and find its ground states and correlation functions. They also demonstrate the appearance of topologically protected edge states and derive their braiding properties on a microscopic level. [Phys. Rev. B 92, 041118(R)] Published Wed Jul 29, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Covalency in oxidized uranium (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: Author(s): J. G. Tobin, S.-W. Yu, R. Qiao, W. L. Yang, C. H. Booth, D. K. Shuh, A. M. Duffin, D. Sokaras, D. Nordlund, and T.-C. Weng Using x-ray emission spectroscopy and absorption spectroscopy, it has been possible to directly access the states in the unoccupied conduction bands that are involved with 5 f and 6 d covalency in oxidized uranium. By varying the oxidizing agent, the degree of 5 f covalency can be manipulated and monit… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 045130] Published Wed Jul 29, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 64
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    Large and small Fermi-surface spin density waves in the Kondo lattice model (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Robert Peters and Norio Kawakami We demonstrate the existence of metallic spin density waves (SDWs) in the Kondo lattice model on a square lattice for a wide range of parameters by means of real space dynamical mean-field theory. In these SDWs, the spin polarization as well as the charge density depend on the lattice site and are m… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075103] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Interactions along an entanglement cut in 2+1D Abelian topological phases (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Jennifer Cano, Taylor L. Hughes, and Michael Mulligan A given fractional quantum Hall state may admit multiple, distinct edge phases on its boundary. We explore the implications that multiple edge phases have for the entanglement spectrum and entropy of a given bulk state. We describe the precise manner in which the entanglement spectrum depends upon l… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075104] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Pseudopotential for the electron-electron interaction (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): J. H. Lloyd-Williams, R. J. Needs, and G. J. Conduit We propose a pseudopotential for the electron-electron Coulomb interaction to improve the efficiency of many-body electronic structure calculations. The pseudopotential accurately replicates the scattering properties of the Coulomb interaction, and recovers the analytical solution for two electrons … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075106] Published Wed Aug 05, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 67
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    Non-Abelian phases in two-component ν=2/3 fractional quantum Hall states: Emergence of Fibonacci anyons (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Zhao Liu, Abolhassan Vaezi, Kyungmin Lee, and Eun-Ah Kim Recent theoretical insights into the possibility of non-Abelian phases in ν = 2 / 3 fractional quantum Hall states revived the interest in the numerical phase diagram of the problem. We investigate the effect of various kinds of two-body interlayer couplings on the (330) bilayer state and exactly solve … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081102(R)] Published Wed Aug 05, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    NMR evidence of anisotropic Kondo liquid behavior in CeIrIn_{5} (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): A. C. Shockley, K. R. Shirer, J. Crocker, A. P. Dioguardi, C. H. Lin, D. M. Nisson, N. apRoberts-Warren, P. Klavins, and N. J. Curro We report detailed Knight-shift measurements of the two indium sites in the heavy-fermion compound CeIrIn 5 as a function of temperature and field orientation. We find that the Knight-shift anomaly is orientation dependent, with a crossover temperature T * that varies by 50% as the field is rotated fr… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085108] Published Wed Aug 05, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Scanning tunneling microscopy of the charge density wave in 1T−TiSe_{2} in the presence of single atom defects (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): A. M. Novello, B. Hildebrand, A. Scarfato, C. Didiot, G. Monney, A. Ubaldini, H. Berger, D. R. Bowler, P. Aebi, and Ch. Renner We present a detailed low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of the commensurate charge density wave (CDW) in 1 T − TiSe 2 in the presence of single atom defects. We find no significant modification of the CDW lattice in single crystals with native defect concentrations where some bul… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081101(R)] Published Tue Aug 04, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Thermodynamic consistency of the charge response in dynamical mean-field based approaches (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Erik G. C. P. van Loon, Hartmut Hafermann, Alexander I. Lichtenstein, and Mikhail I. Katsnelson We consider the thermodynamic consistency of the charge response function in the (extended) Hubbard model. In dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT), thermodynamic consistency is preserved. We prove that the static, homogeneous DMFT susceptibility is consistent as long as vertex corrections obtained fro… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085106] Published Tue Aug 04, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Renormalization group analysis of a neck-narrowing Lifshitz transition in the presence of weak short-range interactions in two dimensions (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: Author(s): Sedigh Ghamari, Sung-Sik Lee, and Catherine Kallin We study a system of weakly interacting electrons described by the energy dispersion ξ ( k ) = k x 2 − k y 2 − μ in two dimensions within a renormalization group approach. This energy dispersion exhibits a neck-narrowing Lifshitz transition at the critical chemical potential μ c = 0 where a van Hove singularity dev… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085112] Published Thu Aug 06, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    t_{2g} -orbital model on a honeycomb lattice: Application to the antiferromagnet SrRu_{2} O_{6} (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: Author(s): Da Wang, Wan-Sheng Wang, and Qiang-Hua Wang Motivated by the recent discovery of high-temperature antiferromagnet SrRu 2 O 6 [Hiley et al. , Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53 , 4423 (2014) ; Tian et al. ,  arXiv:1504.03642 ] and its potential to be the parent of a new superconductor upon doping, we construct a minimal t 2 g -orbital model on a honeycomb lattice… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075112] Published Fri Aug 07, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Dichroism as a probe for parity-breaking phases of spin-orbit coupled metals (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: Author(s): M. R. Norman Recently, a general formalism was presented for gyrotropic, ferroelectric, and multipolar order in spin-orbit coupled metals induced by spin-spin interactions. Here, I point out that the resulting order parameters are equivalent to expectation values of operators that determine natural circular dich… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075113] Published Fri Aug 07, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 74
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    Transport properties for a quantum dot coupled to normal leads with a pseudogap (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: Author(s): Bunpei Hara, Akihisa Koga, and Tomosuke Aono We study transport properties for a quantum dot coupled to normal leads with a pseudogap density of states at zero temperature, using the second-order perturbation theory based on the Keldysh formalism. We clarify that the hybridization function Γ ( ω ) ∝ | ω | r ( 0 ≤ r 〈 1 ) induces the cusp or dip structure … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081103(R)] Published Thu Aug 06, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 75
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    Determination of Tomonaga-Luttinger parameters for a two-component liquid (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-19
    Description: Author(s): Olabode M. Sule, Hitesh J. Changlani, Isao Maruyama, and Shinsei Ryu We provide evidence for the mapping of critical spin-1 chains, in particular the SU ( 3 ) symmetric bilinear-biquadratic model with additional interactions, to free boson theories using exact diagonalization and the density-matrix renormalization-group algorithm. Using the correspondence with a conform… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075128] Published Tue Aug 18, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 76
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    Large-gap quantum spin Hall states in decorated stanene grown on a substrate (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-19
    Description: Author(s): Yong Xu, Peizhe Tang, and Shou-Cheng Zhang Two-dimensional stanene is a promising candidate material for realizing a room-temperature quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect. Monolayer stanene has recently been fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy, but shows metallic features on a Bi 2 Te 3 (111) substrate, which motivates us to study the important influ… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081112(R)] Published Tue Aug 18, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 77
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    Testing the nonlocal kinetic energy functional of an inhomogeneous, two-dimensional degenerate Fermi gas within the average density approximation (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): J. Towers, B. P. van Zyl, and W. Kirkby In a recent paper [B. P. van Zyl et al. , Phys. Rev. A 89 , 022503 (2014) ], the average density approximation (ADA) was implemented to develop a parameter-free, nonlocal kinetic energy functional to be used in the orbital-free density functional theory of an inhomogeneous, two-dimensional (2D) Fermi … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075129] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 78
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    Manifestations of topological band crossings in bulk entanglement spectrum: An analytical study for integer quantum Hall states (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): Chi-Ken Lu, Dah-Wei Chiou, and Feng-Li Lin We consider integer quantum Hall states and calculate the bulk entanglement spectrum by formulating the correlation matrix in the guiding center representation. Our analytical approach is based on the strategy of redefining the inner product of states in the Hilbert space, via a projection operator,… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075130] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 79
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    Incomplete protection of the surface Weyl cones of the Kondo insulator SmB_{6} : Spin exciton scattering (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): G. A. Kapilevich, P. S. Riseborough, A. X. Gray, M. Gulacsi, Tomasz Durakiewicz, and J. L. Smith The compound SmB 6 is a Kondo insulator, where the lowest-energy bulk electronic excitations are spin-excitons. It also has surface states that are subjected to strong spin-orbit coupling. It has been suggested that SmB 6 is also a topological insulator. Here we show that, despite the absence of time-… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085133] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 80
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    Real-space Eliashberg approach to charge order of electrons coupled to dynamic antiferromagnetic fluctuations (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): Johannes Bauer and Subir Sachdev We study charge-ordered solutions for fermions on a square lattice interacting with dynamic antiferromagnetic fluctuations. Our approach is based on real-space Eliashberg equations, which are solved self-consistently. We first show that the antiferromagnetic fluctuations can induce arc features in t… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085134] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 81
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    Electronic spin susceptibilities and superconductivity in HgBa_{2} CuO_{4+δ} from nuclear magnetic resonance (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: Author(s): Damian Rybicki, Jonas Kohlrautz, Jürgen Haase, Martin Greven, Xudong Zhao, Mun K. Chan, Chelsey J. Dorow, and Michael J. Veit Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on single crystals of HgBa 2 CuO 4 + δ are presented that identify two distinct temperature-dependent spin susceptibilities: One is due to a spin component that is temperature-dependent above the critical temperature for superconductivity ( T c ) and reflects pse… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081115(R)] Published Mon Aug 24, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 82
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    Sr_{2} Ir_{1−x} Rh_{x} O_{4} (x〈0.5): An inhomogeneous j_{eff} =1/2 Hubbard system (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: Author(s): Shalinee Chikara, Daniel Haskel, Jae-Hoon Sim, Heung-Sik Kim, Cheng-Chien Chen, G. Fabbris, L. S. I. Veiga, N. M. Souza-Neto, J. Terzic, K. Butrouna, G. Cao, Myung Joon Han, and Michel van Veenendaal In a combined experimental and theoretical study, we investigate the properties of Sr 2 Ir 1 − x Rh x O 4 . From the branching ratios of the L -edge isotropic x-ray absorption spectra, we determine that the spin-orbit coupling is remarkably independent of x for both iridium and rhodium sites. DFT + U calculation… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081114(R)] Published Mon Aug 24, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 83
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    Spatially resolved Landau level spectroscopy of the topological Dirac cone of bulk-type Sb_{2} Te_{3} (0001): Potential fluctuations and quasiparticle lifetime (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: Author(s): C. Pauly, C. Saunus, M. Liebmann, and M. Morgenstern Using low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we probe the Landau levels of the topologically protected state of Sb 2 Te 3 (0001) after in situ cleavage of a single crystal. Landau levels are visible for magnetic fields B ≥ 2 T at energies, which confirm the Dirac type dispersion including the ze… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085140] Published Mon Aug 24, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 84
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    Camelback-shaped band reconciles heavy-electron behavior with weak electronic Coulomb correlations in superconducting TlNi_{2} Se_{2} (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: Author(s): N. Xu, C. E. Matt, P. Richard, A. van Roekeghem, S. Biermann, X. Shi, S.-F. Wu, H. W. Liu, D. Chen, T. Qian, N. C. Plumb, M. Radović, Hangdong Wang, Qianhui Mao, Jianhua Du, Minghu Fang, J. Mesot, H. Ding, and M. Shi Combining photoemission spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations, we characterize superconducting TlNi 2 Se 2 as a material with weak electronic Coulomb correlations leading to a bandwidth renormalization of 1.4. We identify a camelback-shaped band, whose energetic position s… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 081116(R)] Published Mon Aug 24, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 85
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    Metal-insulator transition and local-moment collapse in FeO under pressure (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: Author(s): I. Leonov We employ a combination of the ab initio band-structure methods and dynamical mean-field theory to determine the electronic structure and phase stability of paramagnetic FeO at high pressure and temperature. Our results reveal a high-spin to low-spin transition within the B1 crystal structure of FeO… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085142] Published Mon Aug 24, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 86
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    Dynamic conductivity scaling in photoexcited V_{2} O_{3} thin films (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-19
    Description: Author(s): Elsa Abreu, Siming Wang, Juan Gabriel Ramírez, Mengkun Liu, Jingdi Zhang, Kun Geng, Ivan K. Schuller, and Richard D. Averitt Optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy is used to investigate ultrafast far-infrared conductivity dynamics during the insulator-to-metal transition in vanadium sesquioxide ( V 2 O 3 ) . The resultant conductivity increase occurs on a tens of picosecond time scale, exhibiting a strong dependence on the … [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085130] Published Tue Aug 18, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 87
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    Robust Josephson-Kondo screening cloud in circuit quantum electrodynamics (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-19
    Description: Author(s): Izak Snyman and Serge Florens We investigate the entanglement properties of a standard circuit-QED setup that consists of a Cooper pair box coupled to a long chain of Josephson junctions. We calculate the static charge polarization at finite distances along the device. Our calculations reveal a deep connection to the Kondo scree… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085131] Published Tue Aug 18, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 88
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    Interplay of electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in the low-temperature phase of 1T−TaS_{2} (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-19
    Description: Author(s): Doohee Cho, Yong-Heum Cho, Sang-Wook Cheong, Ki-Seok Kim, and Han Woong Yeom We investigate the interplay of the electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in the electronic structure of an exotic insulating state in the layered dichalcogenide 1 T − TaS 2 , where the charge-density-wave (CDW) order coexists with a Mott correlation gap. Scanning tunneling microscopy and sp… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085132] Published Tue Aug 18, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 89
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    Quantum oscillations in the heavy-fermion compound YbPtBi (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): E. Mun, S. L. Bud'ko, Y. Lee, C. Martin, M. A. Tanatar, R. Prozorov, and P. C. Canfield Heavy fermion systems are useful for studying quantum criticality because the low energy scale associated with their large effective mass can be tuned by nonthermal control parameters. Here, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are observed in YbPtBi, a heavy fermion compound with an exceptionally large effective mass for electrons, at a high magnetic field that reveals the shape of the Fermi surface. In the future these observations, when combined with additional data at lower magnetic fields, could provide important information about quantum criticality in these systems. [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085135] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 90
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    Dynamical and anharmonic effects on the electron-phonon coupling and the zero-point renormalization of the electronic structure (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): G. Antonius, S. Poncé, E. Lantagne-Hurtubise, G. Auclair, X. Gonze, and M. Côté The renormalization of the band structure at zero temperature due to electron-phonon coupling is explored in diamond, BN, LiF, and MgO crystals. We implement a dynamical scheme to compute the frequency-dependent self-energy and the resulting quasiparticle electronic structure. Our calculations revea… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085137] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 91
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    Electron-phonon coupling in a system with broken symmetry: Surface of Be(0001) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): TeYu Chien (簡德宇), Xiaobo He, Sung-Kwan Mo, Makoto Hashimoto, Zahid Hussain, Zhi-Xun Shen, and E. W. Plummer The momentum-resolved Eliashberg function (ELF) α 2 F ( ω , k ⇀ ) for the Be ( 0001 ) zone-center surface state was extracted from the high-quality angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data at the Fermi energy in the Γ ¯ → M ¯ direction, displaying ten peaks. A comparison of the peaks in the ELF to th… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075133] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 92
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    Chiral degeneracies and Fermi-surface Chern numbers in bcc Fe (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): Daniel Gosálbez-Martínez, Ivo Souza, and David Vanderbilt Using bcc Fe as a playground, the authors investigate the presence of chiral degeneracies in realistic band structures of ferromagnetic materials. They find ubiquitous Weyl points and demonstrate that Chern numbers can be transferred between Fermi sheets by varying the Fermi level or an external parameter such as the magnetization direction. [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085138] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Compression of correlation matrices and an efficient method for forming matrix product states of fermionic Gaussian states (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): Matthew T. Fishman and Steven R. White Here we present an efficient and numerically stable procedure for compressing a correlation matrix into a set of local unitary single-particle gates, which leads to a very efficient way of forming the matrix product state (MPS) approximation of a pure fermionic Gaussian state, such as the ground sta… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075132] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    Low-energy model and electron-hole doping asymmetry of single-layer Ruddlesden-Popper iridates (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: Author(s): Alexander Hampel, Christoph Piefke, and Frank Lechermann We study the correlated electronic structure of single-layer iridates based on structurally undistorted Ba 2 IrO 4 . Starting from the first-principles band structure, the interplay between local Coulomb interactions and spin-orbit coupling is investigated by means of rotational-invariant slave-boson me… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085141] Published Mon Aug 24, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 95
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    Nonequilibrium transport and statistics of Schwinger pair production in Weyl semimetals (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-15
    Description: Author(s): Szabolcs Vajna, Balázs Dóra, and R. Moessner The nonequilibrium dynamics beyond the linear response of Weyl semimetals is studied after a sudden switching on of a dc electric field. The resulting current is a nonmonotonic function of time with an initial quick increase in polarization current followed by a power-law decay. Particle-hole creati… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085122] Published Thu Aug 13, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 96
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    Cluster-based mean-field and perturbative description of strongly correlated fermion systems: Application to the one- and two-dimensional Hubbard model (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Carlos A. Jiménez-Hoyos and Gustavo E. Scuseria We introduce a mean-field and a perturbative approach, based on clusters, to describe the ground state of fermionic strongly correlated systems. In the cluster mean-field approach, the ground-state wave function is written as a simple tensor product over optimized cluster states. The optimization of… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085101] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 97
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    Wannier function approach to realistic Coulomb interactions in layered materials and heterostructures (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): M. Rösner, E. Şaşıoğlu, C. Friedrich, S. Blügel, and T. O. Wehling We introduce an approach to derive realistic Coulomb interaction terms in freestanding layered materials and vertical heterostructures from ab initio modeling of the corresponding bulk materials. To this end, we establish a combination of calculations within the framework of the constrained random-p… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085102] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 98
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    Anomalous quantum Hall effect induced by disorder in topological insulators (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Laurent Raymond, Alberto D. Verga, and Arnaud Demion We investigate a transition between a two-dimensional topological insulator conduction state, characterized by a conductance G = 2 (in fundamental units e 2 / h ) and a Chern insulator with G = 1 , induced by polarized magnetic impurities. Two kinds of coupling, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic, are consi… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 075101] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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  • 99
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    Robust local and nonlocal transport in the topological Kondo insulator SmB_{6} in the presence of a high magnetic field (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Sangram Biswas, Ramya Nagarajan, Suman Sarkar, Kazi Rafsanjani Amin, M. Ciomaga Hatnean, S. Tewari, G. Balakrishnan, and Aveek Bid SmB 6 has been predicted to be a Kondo topological insulator with topologically protected conducting surface states. We have studied quantitatively the electrical transport through surface states in high-quality single crystals of SmB 6 . We observe a large nonlocal surface signal at temperatures lower… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085103] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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    FLEX+DMFT approach to the d-wave superconducting phase diagram of the two-dimensional Hubbard model (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Motoharu Kitatani, Naoto Tsuji, and Hideo Aoki The dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) combined with the fluctuation exchange (FLEX) method, namely, FLEX+DMFT, is an approach for correlated electron systems to incorporate both local and nonlocal long-range correlations in a self-consistent manner. We formulate FLEX+DMFT in a systematic way starti… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085104] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
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