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  • Other Sources  (179)
  • Springer  (109)
  • Institut für Meereskunde  (70)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 1985-1989  (179)
Collection
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Orthonormal Wavelets (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Wavelets: Time-Frequency Methods and Phase, Berlin, Springer, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 21-37, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Wavelet processing ; Textbook of geophysics ; Spectrum ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; noksp
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Interdisciplinary Role of Space Geodesy (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 443-487, (ISBN 0-89871-560-1)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Muller
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    The Geological Framework of the KTB Drill Site (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, The German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB), Site-Section Studies in the Oberpfalz and Schwarzwald, Berlin, Springer, vol. 120, no. 231, pp. 37-54, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: KTB ; Geol. aspects ; Tectonics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Sediment acoustics (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, Berlin, Springer, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. Paper A 25 - A 34, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Textbook of geophysics ; Acoustics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
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    The German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB) (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 138, no. 2, pp. 527-553, (ISBN 0-7923-5034-0)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; Tectonics ; Textbook of geophysics ; Geol. aspects ; BO, ; RUB, ; GMG: ; MB ; 4129 ; 3.45.19
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    Finite Differenzen und Elemente. Numerische Lösungen von Variationsproblemen und partiellen Differentialgleichungen (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 662-664, (ISBN 1-58488-320-0)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Handbook of mathematics ; Finite Element Method ; Finite difference method ; DGL
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    The Interdisciplinary Role of Space Geodesy: Proc. of International Workshop held at "Ettore Majorana" Center for Scientific Culture, Erice, Sicily, Italy, July 23-29, 1988 (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 443-487, (ISBN 0-89871-560-1)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Proceedings of a conference ; Geodesy ; Plate tectonics ; Muller
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 8
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    Practical Numerical Algorithms for Chaotic Systems (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 15, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 585, (ISBN 1-85233-708-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Textbook of informatics ; Textbook of mathematics ; Chaotic behaviour
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 9
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    The KTB pilot-hole: Tectonic setting, technical data and first results (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, The German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB), Site-Selection Studies in the Oberpfalz and Schwarzwald, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 527-553, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; KTB ; Tectonics ; Review article ; Geol. aspects
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 10
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    Oberpfalz Deep Seismic Reflection Survey and Velocity Studies (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., The German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB), Site-Section Studies in the Oberpfalz and Schwarzwald, Berlin, Springer, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 99-150, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: KTB ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Tectonics ; Reflection seismics ; Duerbaum ; Durbaum ; Ruehl ; Ruhl ; Meissner
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 11
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    The diets of five summer breeding seabirds in Adélie Land, Antarctica (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 9 (3). pp. 137-145.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-10
    Description: The diets of five breeding seabird species were investigated on Adélie Land in January–February 1982. Stomach contents of Adélie penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae, were sampled by a water off-loading method and of Procellariiformes by spontaneous regurgitation. Diet compositions by mass were: Adélie penguin (79% euphausiid, 18% fish, 3% squid); Cape pigeon, Daption capense, (64% euphausiid, 29% fish, 7% carrion); Antarctic fulmar, Fulmarus glacialoides, (64% euphausiid, 20% carrion, 16% fish); snow petrel, Pagodroma nivea, (95% fish, 2% euphausiid, 1% carrion) and Wilson's stormpetrel, Oceanites oceanicus, (39% fish, 37% euphausiid, 13% carrion, 12% various crustaceans). The present Adélie penguin diet is consistent with those reported in other studies, given our knowledge of geographical variation in food availability. Differences in the diets of fulmarine petrels appear to relate to differences in foraging areas. The snow petrel is a fish-eating bird associated with pack-ice. Cape pigeon and Antarctic fulmar are mainly krill-eaters and we infer segregation along a neritic/oceanic gradient because of the importance of the neritic Euphausia crystallorophias in the former and the oceanic E. superba in the latter.
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  • 12
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    Seabird and fur seal responses to vertically migrating winter krill swarms in Antarctica (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 10 (1).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-10
    Description: The foraging behaviour of fur seals and two species of surface feeding seabirds was observed over swarms of vertically migrating krill along the Antarctic Peninsula in July 1987. Fur Seal haul out patterns were correlated with krill in the upper 30 m of the water column. Krill moved to the surface at night; seals subsequently foraged from 1400-0700 hours before returning to floes. Foraging was continuous through the night. Dive duration decreased as krill moved up to the surface; shorter dives may have been more successful than longer ones. It is possible that very deep dives, which occur early in a foraging bout, represent more of an attempt to assess krill depth and distribution rather than being a genuine foraging effort. Seabirds responded to the presence of a surface krill swarm by circling over it and foraging; krill at depths greater than 30 m elicited directional flight and low frequencies of prey capture attempts. Both Snow Petrels and Antarctic Terns preyed on krill, but each species approached the swarms from different habitats. Snow Petrels primarily overflew areas covered by ice; terns preferred open water. This suggested that prey encounters are essentially opportunistic, although the search for prey is limited to rather specific marine habitats. This feature may be important to our understanding of the factors that determine the pelagic distribution of seabirds.
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  • 13
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    Mass transfer during sub-seafloor alteration of the upper Troodos crust (Cyprus) (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 102 (1). pp. 93-101.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-02
    Description: Five major alteration zones in the Extrusive Series and the Sheeted Dike Complex of the Troodos Ophiolite are each characterized by (a) distinct elemental changes compared to the original composition and (b) secondary mineralogy. The upper ca. 300 m of the extrusive crust, the highly oxidatedcold seawater alteration zone (CSA), is strongly enriched in K2O and depleted in Na2O. It is followed downwards by alow temperature alteration zone (〈170° C) which is most widespread in the Troodos extrusives and where Na2O and K2O are enriched, the latter less strongly than in the CSA zone. Three types ofhigh temperature alteration zones (〈440° C; HTA I–III) are found in the Sheeted Dike Complex. All are marked by thorough leaching of K2O, while the behavior of Na2O (e.g. unchanged in type III) and CaO (depleted in type I, enriched in types II, III) is variable. Mass budgets of elemental changes are quantified by calibration of whole rock analyses via systematic stable element variations of fresh glasses found throughout the extrusive section. The Troodos extrusive crust and upper Sheeted Dike Complex are a major sink for MgO, K2O, and Na2O, and a source for CaO; the overall scale of fluxes drastically exceeds estimates based on fresh basalt compositions from present ocean crust.
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  • 14
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    Seasonal growth lines in pleistocene scleractinians from barbados: Record potential and diagenesis (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 63 (3). pp. 207-214.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-23
    Description: Growth line analysis of diagenetically altered scleractinians is only possible if carbonate diagenesis has followed the pathway of aragonite leaching and coeval formation of low magnesium calcite. All other possibilities of aragonite transformation into calcite exclude the preservation of this growth line banding. Examples of these diagenetic patterns are found in the Pleistocene of Barbados.
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  • 15
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    Authigenic zeolites and their relation to silica diagenesis in ODP Site 661 sediments (Leg 108, Eastern Equatorial Atlantic) (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, 78 (3). pp. 779-792.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-30
    Description: At ODP Site 661 from the continental margin of Northwest Africa, authigenic clinoptilolites were investigated in detail. Based on chemical data, crystal size and shape and their intergrowth with associated mineral phases, two types of clinoptilolite (type A and B) occur representing different diagenetic conditions under which the formation of zeolites took place. Clinoptilolite type A was found in a sediment section comprises numerous hiatuses and stratigraphically condensed sediments and could have been formed during early diagenesis. In contrast, clinoptilolite type B was precipitated in Campanian sediments during later diagenesis, after the transformation from opal-A to opal-CT had taken place. At Site 661, the silica source for the authigenesis of both clinoptilolite types is biogenic opal. Volcanic ash material occurs, but in low amounts and thus is not a prerequisite for the formation of clinoptilolite at Site 661.
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  • 16
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    Geology of an active hot spot: Teahitia-Mehetia region in the South Central Pacific (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Geophysical Research, 11 (1). pp. 27-50.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-22
    Description: The Teahitia-Mehetia hot spot region located in the southeastern extension of the Society Islands chain, near 18° S–148° W consists of several active volcanoes. The distribution of recent volcanic activity correlates with seismic epicenters, and covers an area of more than 1000 km2. Intermittent volcanic activity has given rise to large (〉1000 m high) and small (〈500 m high) edifices composed of various types of flows. Several recent volcanic events have produced a suite of alkalic rocks ranging from ankaramites, through alkali basalts to trachy-phonolites. The presence of altered MORB-like tholeiites on one small seamount suggests that a different mantle source material was involved in forming some of the crust in this hot spot region.
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  • 17
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    Antarctic cephalopods - a living marine resource (1989)
    Springer
    In:  AMBIO, 18 (1). pp. 55-59.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-18
    Description: In the Antarctic there are large unexploited stocks of cephalopods with high potential commercial value and there are two important fisheries for squid in the cool temperate waters of the Southern Ocean, adjacent to the Antarctic, in the Atlantic and Pacific sectors. Squid fisheries can develop very rapidly, and if this were to happen in the Antarctic before adequate management plans could be established, there would be serious consequences for the squid stocks, and also for the vertebrate predator populations which depend on them. It is especially important to increase our knowledge of the Antarctic cephalopod species, their distribution and role in the food chain, and to understand their life cycles
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  • 18
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    Phytoplankton carbon dynamics during a winter/spring diatom bloom in an enclosed marine ecosystem: primary production, biomass and loss rates (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 103 . pp. 131-142.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-21
    Description: Phytoplankton production, standing crop, and loss processes (respiration, sedimentation, grazing by zooplankton, and excretion) were measured on a daily basis during the growth, dormancy and decline of a winter-spring diatom bloom in a large-scale (13 m3) marine mesocosm in 1987. Carbonspecific rates of production and biomass change were highly correlated whereas production and loss rates were unrelated over the experimental period when the significant changes in algal biomass characteristic of phytoplankton blooms were occurring. The observed decline in diatom growth rates was caused by nutrient limitation. Daily phytoplankton production rates calculated from the phytoplankton continuity equation were in excellent agreement with rates independently determined using standard 14C techniques. A carbon budget for the winter bloom indicated that 82.4% of the net daytime primary production was accounted for by measured loss processes, 1.3% was present as standing crop at the end of the experiment, and 16.3% was unexplained. Losses via sedimentation (44.8%) and nighttime phytoplankton respiration (24.1%) predominated, while losses due to zooplankton grazing (10.7%) and nighttime phytoplankton excretion (2.8%) were of lesser importance. A model simulating daily phytoplankton biomass was developed to demonstrate the relative importance of the individual loss processes.
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  • 19
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    The role of competition for limiting resources in phytoplankton species replacements (1989)
    Springer
    In:  In: Plankton ecology: succession in plankton communities. , ed. by Sommer, U. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 57-106. ISBN 3-540-51373-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-22
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 20
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    Plankton ecology, succession in plankton communities (1989)
    Springer
    In:  , ed. by Sommer, U. Springer, Berlin, Germany, 369 pp. ISBN 3-540-51373-6
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    Publication Date: 2012-02-28
    Type: Book , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 21
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    Debris avalanche deposits by the 1984 collapse of Ontake Volcano, central Japan (1989)
    Springer
    In:  In: Volcanic hazards. , ed. by Latter, J. H. IAVCEI Proceedings in Volcanology, 1 . Springer , Berlin, pp. 210-229.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-10
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 22
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    The manganese nodules of the Kane Gap (East Atlantic). Indicators of sedimentation — erosion changes (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, 78 (3). pp. 943-958.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Manganese nodules from the Kane Gap (a deep sea channel connecting the Sierra Leone and Gambia Basins off West Africa) were investigated chemically and dated by10Be along cross-sections. Comparing the nodule structure with the stratigraphy of the related sediments, the following conclusions are drawn concerning the sedimentation processes during the last 4 to 6×106 years: The growth of the nodules started about 4 to 4.5 Ma before present during or near to the end of a period of erosion on a fossil-free, probably Miocene sediment. During the first phase of only a few hundred thousandyears, the nodules grew very quickly (7 to 〉18 mm/Ma). Fe-rich hydrogenetic material formed the internal sections of the nodules during this time. Slowing down of the bottom currents, resulting in deposition of thin sediment covers for short intervals, caused the character of the nodules to change to a more diagenetic composition. The growth rates were reduced to about 1 to 2 mm/Ma. The time of slowing is roughly 3 to 4 Ma BP. Probable uncertainties of the dating and growth rates resulting from supposed changes of the10Be supply to the nodules due to variations of the near bottom environment are discussed.
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  • 23
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    The genesis and significance of N-MORB sub-types (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 102 (1). pp. 112-126.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-13
    Description: A global compositional dichotomy for N-MORB magma (N1/N2) is recognized on the basis of Na2O, TiO2, CaO, and Al2O3 contents, and their respective ratios. We have characterized the two magma sub-types by means of their trace element patterns, and attempted to explain the differences in major and trace element contents in terms of a partial melting model, using data from DSDP/IPOD Leg 82. Mass balance calculations for N-MORB glass and rock compositions indicate that differences between N1-and N2-MORB are consistent with simple differences (5%–10%) in the degree of partial melting of a plagioclase-(±spinel) lherzolite, at pressures 〈10 kbar, rather than their respective derivation from plagioclase- and spinel-lher-zolite sources. Based on published and calculated partition coefficients, and calculated source magmaphile trace element compositions, the calculations indicate that the overall range of N-MORB compositions may be derived by between approximately 8% and 20% partial melting of a fertile lherzolite source. Fluid dynamic and melt kinematic considerations will probably necessitate refinement of the model, but should also take account of its qualitative precepts.
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  • 24
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    Evidence for multiple spawning in the tropical oceanic squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Teuthoidea: Ommastrephidae) (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 101 . pp. 513-519.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-25
    Description: Indirect evidence suggests that Stenoteuthis oualaniensis is a multiple spawner, a reproductive strategy not reported previously for squid. After spawning once, S. oualaniensis apparently continues to feed, grow, and mature additional oocytes before spawning again. Squid were caught by jigging at night in waters around the main Hawaiian Islands during four cruises from 1981 to 1987. All females from 200 mm mantle length (ML) to at least 318 mm ML were sexually mature, indicating that considerable growth takes place after reaching sexual maturity. Size-frequency analyses of ovarian oocytes revealed continuous egg production throughout adult life. Mature ova are stored in the oviducts, but oviduct fullness is unrelated to body size, indicating repeat spawning.
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  • 25
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    Food and feeding ecology of emperor penguins in the eastern Weddell Sea (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 9 (6). pp. 385-390.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-10
    Description: The diet of the emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri in the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica was studied during October and November 1986 by stomach content analysis. Emperor penguins fed mainly on Antarctic krill Euphausia superba, Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum and squid Psychroteuthis glacialis. Benthic prey was not found. The prey composition suggests two different feeding strategies, shallow dives exploring the rugged underside of sea ice where krill is taken, and deep dives when mesopelagic fish and squid are consumed. Chicks were fed on average every 1.44 days.
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  • 26
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    Increase in numbers of male fur seals Arctocephalus gazella during the summer autumn period at Mossman Peninsula (Laurie Island) (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 9 . pp. 487-488.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-06
    Description: The fur seal, Arctocephalus gazella, population at Mossman Peninsula (Laurie Island) was studied from 1985 to 1987. Weekly counts were carried out at a 4 km bachelor haul-out beach from December through June. Maxima of 2 240, 2 787 and 5 196 juvenile and adult males were counted during March of the respective years. Census data indicate an increase in the non-breeding population of 13.5% between 1985–1986 and 46.5% between 1986–1987.
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  • 27
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    Respiration and nitrogen excretion by the squid Loligo forbesi (1989)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 103 (3). pp. 333-338.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: Respiration and nitrogen excretion rates of mature adult Loligo forbesi were investigated at the Roscoff Laboratory (North Brittany, France) during individual short-term incubation experiments in January 1986. The squids were in post-digestive condition and not actively swimming. Both oxygen uptake and nitrogen excretion are continuous processes. The metabolic rates of this active nektonic species (145 ml kg-1 h-1 oxygen uptake, 18.56 μg g-1 h-1 ammonia excretion) are distinctly higher than those of benthic cephalopods. Proteins constitute the main metabolic substrate for energetic needs. Besides ammonia, urea is also continuously released, in amounts ranging from 5 to 16% of ammonia-excretion values.
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  • 28
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    Preface: Towards a Darwinian ecology of plankton (1989)
    Springer
    In:  In: Plankton ecology - success in plankton communities. , ed. by Sommer, U. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 1-8.
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-07
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 29
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    Methodische Ansätze zur Biomassebestimmung mittels biochemischer Parameter und der computergestützten Bildanalyse (1989)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2023-10-20
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 30
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    Sedimentphysikalische Eigenschaften aus dem Europäischen Nordmeer (Datenreport F.S. Meteor, Reise 7) (1989)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2023-10-20
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 31
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    Global Positioning System-Techniques Applied to Geodesy and Surveying (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN: 1589480406)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Textbook of geodesy
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 32
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    A pilot vertical seismic profiling experiment in the Cajon Pass Deep Scientific Drillhole (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 417-427, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Vertical seismic profiling ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Borehole geophys.
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 33
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    The UNIX System Guidebook (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. Developments in Petroleum Science vol. 15B, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 9, (3-540-24165-5, XXVI + 228 p.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Handbook of informatics
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  • 34
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    The logging strategy for the Continental Deep Drilling Programme of the Federal Republic of Germany (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 46, no. XVI:, pp. 428-443, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; KTB ; Hanel
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  • 35
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    Frictional sliding and the crustal stresses (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 444-453, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Stress ; Borehole geophys. ; Fault zone
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  • 36
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    The future of scientific drilling (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 523-531, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: scientific drilling ; Borehole geophys.
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  • 37
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    Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II. Projects, Technology, Sciences and Prospects for the Future (1988)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 17, pp. 225, (ISBN 0-19-851393-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Review article ; Borehole geophys. ; Applied geophysics
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  • 38
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    Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock I. The Deep Gas Drilling in the Siljan Impact Structure, Sweden, and Astroblemes (1988)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 17, pp. 225, (ISBN 0-19-851393-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; Applied geophysics ; Textbook of geophysics
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  • 39
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    The German Continental Deep Drilling Program, targets and state (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 64-81, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; KTB ; scientific drilling ; Rischmueller ; Rischmuller
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  • 40
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    Geophysical aspects of recent deep seismic soundings of the German crust (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. XVI:, pp. 401-416, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Borehole geophys.
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  • 41
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    Boundary Value Problems in Linear Viscoelasticity (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 1-4020-0653-5)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Rheology ; Elasticity ; Inelastic ; Rock mechanics
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  • 42
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    Continental scientific drilling - a scientific frontier (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 9, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; scientific drilling
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  • 43
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    Regulation of respiration during juvenile development of Sepia officinalis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 97 (3). pp. 365-371.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: A culture of juvenile Sepia officinalis L. was kept during summer 1985 in the aquaria of the “Station Marine”, Wimereux, France. During the first four months of juvenile development, oxygen consumption under increasing hypoxia was measured with a closed respirometer. The experiments revealed a high regulatory capacity of juvenile S. officinalis. The critical oxygen concentrations were calculated and their ontogenetical evolution was studied. The critical oxygen concentration increased with increasing development. A linear relationship emerged between the critical oxygen concentration and the logarithm of the wet weight [COc (mg O2 l-1)=-0.393+0.893×log10(Ww)]. The decreasing regulatory capacity of growing S. officinalis is most probably related to adaptations to a changing ecological environment during development. Another possibility is a physiological change, most probably related to the shift from embryonic to adult hemocyanin.
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  • 44
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    The influence of animals on phosphorus cycling in lake ecosystems (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 170 (1). pp. 267-284.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-21
    Description: Aquatic animals directly influence the cycling of phosphorus in lakes through feeding and excretion. Traditionally, animals (zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish) have been assigned only minor roles in the process of freshwater phosphorus cycling. They were regarded as consumers without much regulating influence. Today there is growing evidence that animals, predators and herbivores, directly or indirectly can control biomass of primary producers and internal cycling of phosphorus. This paper summarizes different mechanisms of transformation and translocation of phosphorus via different groups of organisms.
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  • 45
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    Eruption ages and magma supply rates during the Miocene evolution of Gran Canaria: Single-crystle 40Ar/39Ar laser ages (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Naturwissenschaften, 75 . pp. 616-617.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-18
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  • 46
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    Fahrtbericht über die POSEIDON-Reise 152a [POS152/a], Meereschemie vom 27.10.1988 bis 2.11.1988 (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, 2 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 47
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    Reisebericht POSEIDON-Fahrt-Nr. 152b [POS152/b] vom 6.11. - 14.11.1988 (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, 12 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 48
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    Meso- and macrozooplankton communities in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 9 (1). pp. 17-35.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-21
    Description: The present paper describes composition and abundance of meso- and macrozooplankton in the epipelagic zone of the Weddell Sea and gives a systematic review of encountered species regarding results of earlier expeditions. Material was sampled from 6 February to 10 March 1983 from RV Polarstern with a RMT 1+8 m (320 and 4500 μm mesh size). In agreement with topography and water mass distribution three distinct communities were defined, clearly separated by cluster analysis: The Southern Shelf Community has lowest abundances (approx. 9000 ind./1000 m3). Euphausia crystallorophias and Metridia gerlachei are predominating. Compared with the low overall abundance the number of regularly occurring species is high (55) due to many neritic forms. Herbivores and omnivores are dominating (58% and 35%). The North-eastern Shelf Community has highest abundances (about 31 000 ind./1000 m3). It is predominated by copepodites I–III of Calanus propinquus and Calanoides acutus (61%). The faunal composition is characterized by both oceanic and neritic species (64). Fine-filter feeders are prevailing (65%). The Oceanic Community has a mean abundance of approximately 23 000 ind./1000 m3, consisting of 61 species. Dominances are not as pronounced as in the shelf communities. Apart from abundant species like Calanus propinquus, Calanoides acutus, Metridia gerlachei, Oithona spp. and Oncaea spp. many typical inhabitants of the Eastwind Drift are encountered. All feeding types have about the same importance in the Oceanic Community.
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  • 49
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    Forschungsschiff METEOR, Reise Nr. 6, Atlantik 87/88 : Fahrtabschnitte Nr. 1 - 3, Oktober - Dezember 1987 ; Berichte der wissenschaftlichen Leiter (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 184 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 77 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-21
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 50
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    Food web interactions in lakes : proceedings of a workshop held at the University of Notre Dame, March 21 - 26, 1987 (1988)
    Springer
    In:  In: Complex interactions in Lake Communities. Springer, New York, USA, pp. 141-160. ISBN 0-387-96684-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-22
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
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  • 51
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    Base Metal Sulfide Deposits in Sedimentary and Volcanic Enviroments : Proceedings of the DMG-GDMB-SGA-Meeting Aachen, 1985 (1988)
    Springer
    In:  , ed. by Friedrich, G. H. and Herzig, P. M. SGA Special Publication, 5 . Springer, Heidelberg, 290 pp. ISBN 3-540-18202-0
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-31
    Type: Book , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 52
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    A lateral line analogue in cephalopods: water waves generate microphonic potentials in the epidermal head lines of Sepia and Lolliguncula (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 164 . pp. 1-5.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: Many cephalopods have lines of ciliated cells on their head and arms. In the cuttlefish Sepia and the squid Lolliguncula, electrophysiological recordings clearly identify these epidermal lines as an invertebrate analogue to the mechanoreceptive lateral lines of fish and aquatic amphibians and thus as another example of convergent evolution between a sophisticated cephalopod and vertebrate sensory system. Stimulation of the epidermal lines with local water displacements, generated by a vibrating sphere, causes receptor potentials that have many features known from lateral line microphonic potentials. The minimal threshold of the head lines is 0.2 micron peak-to-peak water displacement (calculated at the skin surface) at 75-100 Hz.
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  • 53
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    Effect of temperature on laboratory growth, reproduction and life span of Octopus bimaculoides (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 98 (3). pp. 369-379.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: Laboratory culture of 40 Octopus bimaculoides from April 1982 to August 1983 through the full life cycle at 18°C vs 23°C provided information on the growth, reproductive biology and life span of this California littoral octopus. At 18°C, the cephalopods grew from a hatchling size of 0.07 g to a mean of 619 g in 404 d; the largest individual was 872 g. Octopuses cultured at 23°C reached their highest mean weight of 597 g in 370 d; the largest individual grown at this temperature was 848 g after 404 d. Growth data revealed a two-phase growth pattern: a 5 mo exponential phase followed by a slower logarithmic (power function) phase until spawning. At 5 mo octopuses grown at 23°C were over three times larger than their 18°C siblings. However, beyond 6.5 mo, growth rates were no higher at 23°C than at 18°C. At 13.5 mo, the mean weight of the 18°C group surpassed that of the 23°C group. The slope of the length/weight (L/W) relationship was significantly different for the two temperature regimes, with the 23°C octopuses weighing 18% less than their 18°C siblings at a mantle length of 100 mm. Females weighed more than males at any given mantle length. Males grew slightly larger and matured before females. The L/W relationship indicated isometric body growth throughout the life cycle. Higher temperature accelerated all aspects of reproductive biology and shortened life span by as much as 20% (from approximately 16 to 13 mo). O. bimaculoides has one of the longest life cycles among species with large eggs and benthic hatchlings. Extrapolations to field growth are made, and the possible effects of temperature anomalies such as El Niño are discussed.
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  • 54
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    Bestimmungsschlüssel für Fischlarven der Nordsee und angrenzender Gebiete (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 178 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 76 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 55
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    Electronic length frequency analysis : a revised and expanded user's guide to ELEFAN 0,1 and 2 (2nd Edition) (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 177 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 31 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 56
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    Planktological data from the central Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden : (R. V. "Meteor", cruise No. 5-2, January - March 1987) (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 180 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 200 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 57
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    Schwankungen des Wärmeinhalts der Warmwassersphäre im Nordatlantik : Meßprogramm 1984-1986 (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 181 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 35 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 58
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    Effects of Pack Ice on the Composition of Micronektonic Communities in the Weddell Sea (1988)
    Springer
    In:  In: Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability. , ed. by Sahrhage, D. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 140-146. ISBN 978-3-642-73726-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-11
    Description: Using seabirds as sampling devices on two cruises in the northwestern Weddell Sea, we investigated the species and lengthfrequency distribution of micronekton in surface waters. Our micronekton samples are among the first ever collected simultaneously in both ice-covered and adjacent ice-free waters in the Antarctic using the same technique. Changes in the abundance or presence of certain crustacean, squid, and fish species were related to the presence of ice, and to distance from the ice edge. Length-frequency distributions representing age- or sex-classes of fish and krill were also affected by proximity to the ice edge. Our data indicate that the proximity of sampling to pack ice may affect our perception of the composition of micronektonic communities, and that the marginal ice zone is an important area for juvenile age-classes of pelagic fish and krill.
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  • 59
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    Squid as Predators on Krill (Euphausia superba) and Prey for Sperm Whales in the Southern Ocean (1988)
    Springer
    In:  In: Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability. , ed. by Sahrhage, D. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 292-296. ISBN 978-3-642-73726-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-11
    Description: This chapter deals with information on the role of squid, and on feeding by sperm whales on squid, in the Antarctic. Seasonal variation in the vertical distribution of krill swarms may possibly affect the distribution of smaller squid which feed on krill. Larger squid are distributed in deeper water layers where they do not feed on krill alone. Sperm whales eat larger squid in the deeper waters of the Southern Ocean. The diet of these larger squid is unknown. It is suggested that the food chain from krill to sperm whale has several links, including fish and squid. The importance of studies on deep-sea systems in the Southern Ocean is emphasized.
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  • 60
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    Investigation of the fauna of Seamounts of the Nazca and Sala y Gomez Ridges, Southeastern Pacific Ocean (18th cruise of the R/V Professor Shtokman, March 6-June 17,1987) (1988)
    Pleiades Publishing | Springer
    In:  Oceanology, 28 (6). pp. 803-805.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-04
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  • 61
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    Some size relationships in phytoflagellate motility (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 161 (1). pp. 125-131.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: Data from the literature are used to assess some hypothesised adaptive advantages of the flagellate life form among phytoplankton. Possible advantages include increased nutrient uptake by movement through a homogeneous medium as opposed to exploitation of spatial hetrogeneity of the environment. Maximal migrational amplitudes and maximal swimming velocities of phytoflagellates were compared to body size. Both were found to increase with size. Relative amplitudes and relative velocities, however, were found to decrease with size. Hydrophysical considerations show that additional gain of nutrients by swimming through a homogeneous medium is only minimal for small flagellates at their attainable swimming velocities. It is suggested that exploitation of environmental heterogeneity in nutrient distribution may be one of the most important advantages for flagellates over coccoid algae.
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  • 62
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    The species composition of Antarctic phytoplankton interpreted in terms of Tilman's competition theory (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Oecologia, 77 (4). pp. 464-467.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-10
    Description: An attempt was made, to test for the impact of resource competition on Antarctic marine phytoplankton. According to theory, species composition near competitive equilibrium should be determined by the ratios of limiting resources. Enrichment bioassays identified silicon and nitrogen as limiting nutrients for some of the most important phytoplankton species during early austral summer in the region near the Antarctic Peninsula. Together with the generally acknowledged limiting resource light, this gave three meaningful ratios of essential resources (Si:N, Si:light, N:light) and one ratio of substitutable resources (NO sub(3):NH sub(4)). Phytoplankton species assemblages were found to be well separated by the ratios of the essential resources and by mixing depth.
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  • 63
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    Marine scientific co-operation in the framework of the Helsinki Commission (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
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  • 64
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    Dynamics and production of a natural population of Brachionus plicatilis (Rotatoria, Monogononta) in a eutrophicated inner coastal water of the Baltic (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: The dynamic and production of a natural population of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis (0.F. MÜLLER) were studied by regular field sampling at routine stations in the shallow Darss Zingst estuary, southern Baltic (3-7‰ S). Investigations of the horizontal distribution revealed significant population growth during the summer months at salinities above 3‰ S and at those stations characterized by high eutrophication. The first individuals hatch from resting eggs in May. Significant reproduction occurs from June to September, when temperatures are above 15° C. Mixis rates were highest during the exponential growth phase. Instantaneous rates of growth, birth, and mortality were estimated. Mean P/B ratios for the growing season were high (around 0.7 d-1) and were in the range of values obtained from mass cultures in the field under subtropical conditions. In Barther Bodden annual biomass production for 1982 was 1.1 g fw · m-3. In its natural habitat, B. plicatilis serves as a food source for fish juveniles and the mysid Neomysis integer, the seasonal dynamics of the rotifer population were not significantly affected by predators.
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  • 65
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    Influence of an anionic detergent (alkylbenzene sulphonate) on enzymes, moulting cycle and survival in the shrimp Crangon crangon L. (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Shrimps Crangon crangon L. were exposed to 5, 7.5, 10, 25 and 50 ppm of the anionic detergent alkylbenzene sulphonate (ABS) added to brackish water (7‰ salinity). The animals were incubated in these solutions from one to nine days at 15° C or 20° C. After 24 h and 108 h of incubation the activities of arylsulphatase (E.C. 3.1.6.1 ), acid phosphatase (E.C. 3.1.3.2) and cathepsin D (E.C. 3.4.4.23) were assayed in homogenates of the hepatopancreas. The influence of the detergent ABS on the moulting cycle of the shrimps was also investigated. The activity of all acid hydrolases assayed descreased by 20 % to 50 % in the experimental shrimps, depending on concentration of the pollutant, as compared with the control group. The moulting cycle of the shrimps exposed to the action of the detergent was shortened from 31 % to 51 %, and the body weight during one moulting cycle was reduced by 24 % to 36 %. Survival times were reduced in the animals exposed to the action of the detergent. Total mortality of the shrimps occurred after 194 h, in 5 ppm of ABS at 15° C and after 108 h in 50 ppm. The 96 h LC50 for shrimp Crangon crangon L. under laboratory conditions was estimated as 27 ppm of alkylbenzene sulphonate.
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  • 66
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    Eutrophication of Kieler Bucht (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Prior to 1975, average winter water nutrient concentrations at station Bokniseck in Kieler Bucht (Western Baltic} were 1.23 mmol/m3 total phosphorus and 12.7 mmol/m3 dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Nitrogen concentrations did not change until 1984. The mean of a few total phosphorus data from 1980-1984 is 1.94 mmol/m3. Mean nutrient concentrations in the area between the southern entrance of the Great Belt and Darss Sill increased between 1975 and 1984 from 0.8 to 1.6 mmol/m3 total phosphorus and from about 6 to 10 mmol/m3 inorganic nitrogen. Comparatively higher nutrient concentrations at Bokniseck station are correlated to higher salinity. However, no data are available on nutrient imports into Kieler Bucht with saline deep water. Unchanged nutrient concentrations at Bokniseck prior to 1975 are an argument against any dominant influence of anthroprogenic inputs which until 1974 increased to annually 1500 t of total phosphorus and 12700 t of total nitrogen, plus 5000 t of nitrogen from the atmosphere. Higher phosphorus concentrations 1980-1984 are correlated to severe oxygen deficiency in the deep water. Mobilization of phosphorus from sediments becoming anoxic could be the reason. Biota could be such sources and sinks of nutrients that influence the nutrient balance of Kieler Bucht. To sum up, there are several processes besides anthropogenic inputs that influence nutrient concentrations in water. An assessment of winter water nutrient concentrations alone is no adequate tool for the evaluation of the effects of anthropogenic nutrient inputs via rivers, sewage, land runoff, groundwater and from the atmosphere.
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  • 67
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    Succession of postglacial mud snails (Hydrobiidae) with notes on morphological types of Hydrobia ulvae and larval shells of three species (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Postglacial sequence of migration and extinction has been studied in a boring through 10 m deposits in Jutland, Denmark. The main profile contained freshwater and brackish water fauna in the bottom layer. Hydrobia ulvae was first recorded at -9.75 m. Next H. ventrosa was found together with H. ulvae. Then H. neglecta appeared, and all 3 species co-occurred at -8.75 m. At -4.95 m H. ulvae disappeared but H. ventrosa and H. neglecta were still abundant until a depth of -1.90 m. It is concluded that H. ulvae and H. ventrosa quickly colonized the Littorina Sea while H. neglecta may have arrived somewhat later. H. ulvae has the largest larval shell, especially in the Baltic, and H. ventrosa the smallest larval shell of the 3 species. The ecological significance of two markedly different shell forms of H. ulvae is discussed. Postglacial hydrobiids are compared with recent specimens of the 3 species.
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  • 68
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    In situ measurements of the functional response of benthic suspension feeders exposed to cadmium and anti-fouling paint (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: In situ measurements of the functional response (feeding, respiration and excretion) of Mytilus edulis and Ciona intestinalis showed that the effects of 2.5 µg 1-1 tributyl tin and 100 µg 1-1 cadmium on an assemblage of the two species was lower than what could be predicted from the response of the two species separately. This is explained by biological interactions between the species and by the fact that the two species may react in different ways to the same disturbance. Thus, results from single species tests seem inadequate for making predictions of pollution effects in marine environments, and tests should instead be carried out at the community or ecosystem level.
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  • 69
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    Recruitment, growth and mortality of juvenile Corbula gibba and Abra alba in the Limdfjord, Denmark (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: In order to determine the time of settlement, growth and mortality of young bivalves, samples sieved on 250 µm screens were taken in parallel to ordinary samples (1 mm screen) in the western part of the Limfjord, Denmark. High densities of newly settled Corbula gibba (30000-67000/m2) and Abra alba (16000-22000/m2) in August 1986 were found at most stations. Growth of the juvenile Corbula gibba was very rapid and the specimens were retained by the 1 mm sieve a few weeks after settlement. Growth ceased in October at a length of 2.9-3.5 mm for Corbula gibba and 0. 7-2.1 mm for Abra alba. The juvenile bivalves suffered high mortality within the first month after settling. It is suggested that this mortality may be due to predation from epibenthic predators.
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  • 70
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    Changes in productivity and species composition of the coastal phytoplankton communities caused by dissolved substances of humic type (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Seawater samples for algal experiments and isolation of OHS (Dissolved Humic Substances) were taken in the Gdansk Bay during intense phytoplankton blooms. Bioassay experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions with water containing natural phytoplankton communities. OHS was isolated from seawater by absorption on Amberlite XA0-2 according to the method of MANTOURA and RILEY (1975). It was found that the enrichment of the medium with OHS increased the production of chlorophyll a and cell numbers. OHS addition to the culture medium caused a change in the dominant species, especially in spring and summer phytoplankton. The results show that OHS influence not only the phytoplankton production but also the species succession by altering the species composition. The phenomenon of large phytoplankton blooms in coastal areas during the last decade should therefore be related (besides other physical, chemical and biological influences) to the presence of increasing concentrations of dissolved substances of the humic type.
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  • 71
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    Zoobenthos and problems with monitoring; an example from the Åland area (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: In 1986 and 1987 a transect off SW Åland, N Baltic Sea was sampled for macrozoobenthos at 14 stations ranging from 1 to 226 m depth. In connection to this survey comparative samples were taken at a "standard depth" of 19-20 m at 2 additional stations to estimate variability in space and time. The data were analyzed for primary community parameters (i.e. no. of species, abundance and biomass) including spatial and temporal differences, and the information is evaluated in relation to topography and hydrography. A more detailed analysis using the dominant components of the zoobenthic communities illustrated some of the difficulties in monitoring of the marine zoobenthos. There were significant differences in abundances and biomasses even over short distances. The differences get even more pronounced when trying to relocate an exact station with another boat and using different grab types on the same station. This is exemplified by samples from a 19-meter station using a modified Olausen box corer and an Ekman-Birge type grab sampling on different days from different vessels; the primary community data obtained with both grabs was 10 vs. 10 species (with Pontoporeia affinis vs. Macoma balthica dominating), 1945 ± 529 vs. 2168 ± 385 ind/m2, and 21.6 ± 9.5 vs. 209.0 ± 45.3 g/m2, respectively. Similarily, samplings at stations less than 1 n. mile apart at 20 m depth using the Ekman-Birge grab yielded 2168 ± 385 and 7000 ± 607 ind/m2; a highly significant difference. The no. of species (10/13) and biomasses (209.0 ± 45.3/184 ± 89.0 g/m2) showed no significant differences. The data also showed some depth dependency, but there was no correlation (r=0.22) between abundance and biomass for the entire material pooled, illustrating the importance of always measuring both. When using keyspecies for monitoring purposes, their natural distribution should also be known, as the dominance-patterns shows clear gradients with depth and sediment type.
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  • 72
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    Is the same nutrient limiting potential phytoplnkton biomass formation in different coastal areas of the Southern Baltic? (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: During the winter 1984 and summer 1985, a series of limiting nutrient experiments (enrichment tests) were performed with coastal Baltic water by scientists from the German Democratic Republic, Poland and Sweden. The water used for the experiments was collected outside Warnemünde (GDR); Rostock (GDR}, Sopot (P) and Falsterbo (S). The bioassays were performed under similar laboratory conditions. Nitrogen was the potentially most limiting nutrient for phytoplankton biomass formation in coastal water from Rostock, Sopot and Falsterbo. During winter, before the spring phytoplankton bloom had started, phosphorus was the "most limiting" nutrient in the Rostock area. For the Warnemünde area, no clear limiting nutrient was found, except during July 1984, when nitrogen addition doubled the phytoplankton biomass. The lowest algal standing stocks were found for Warnemünde and Falsterbo, followed by Sopot. Extremely high chlorophyll-a values were found outside Rostock. Our results show that these coastal areas in the southern Baltic do not differ essentially from each other with respect to the most limiting nutrient (sensu Liebig), although their nutrient levels are quite different. Nutrient limitation experiments are discussed in the context of the assumed eutrophication of the Baltic.
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  • 73
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    Numerical analysis of the influence of dynamic properties of a vertically stratified basin upon the phytoplankton concentration in the sea (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: The paper presents the assumptions of a one-dimensional mathematical model of turbulent diffusion of marine suspensions, as well as the results of numerical investigations on the influence of dynamic conditions in a defined basin on the chlorophyll-a concentration. The influence of the duration and disappearance time of a disturbance, and the thickness of the layer disturbing uniform media of varying degrees of turbulence on the vertical distribution of the chlorophyll-a concentration is analysed.
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  • 74
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    Changes in macroalgal vegetation of Kiel Bight (Western Baltic) during the past 20 years (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: A large scale quantitative survey of the benthic vegetation of the Kiel Bight (Western Baltic Sea) has been performed by analysis of underwater television observations and samples obtained by SCUBA diving during 1985-86. This investigation was compared to a semiquantitative survey carried out in 1962-64 by SCHWENKE (1964, 1969). For the total study area (2571 km2), distinct changes in biomass and species composition have been observed. There is an increase of biomass above the 12 m level (probably with exception of the 6 m level) and a decrease below 12 m. Extensive Furcellaria lumbricalis populations have disappeared. Furcellaria lumbricalis has been replaced by Phyllophora truncata and Phycodrys rubens which are the predominant species at present. Among other possible causes for these changes, the role of commercial stone fishing and effects of increasing eutrophication in the Kiel Bight are discussed.
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  • 75
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    Settlement and succession of benthic animals - a subtidal experiment in the German Bight compared with the "Benthosgarten" experiment in Kiel Bay (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: The establishment of an initial association of marine benthos was investigated during a colonization experiment at the "Nordsee" research platform at 25 m depth, from April to December 1985 and 1986. Settlement and the early stages of succession were studied by taking monthly series of soft-bottom samples. Parallel to the experiment, recruitment in the natural habitat was studied at a reference station close to the platform. Number of species, density, diversity and evenness of the initial experimental association showed 3 different phases, similar to those described by RUMOHR (1980) as "pre-opportunistic, opportunistic and post-opportunistic" phases. These stages appear regularly during early succession, but, are subject to strong seasonal and annual variability. Heavy spatfalls of several species occurred in both years of the investigation; e.g. Tellina tabula, Echinocardium cordatum, juvenile ophiuroids of the genus Ophiura (mainly in 1985) and Scoloplos armiger, Mediomastus aff. fragilis and Abra sp. (1986). Total density attained maximum values of approx. 30,000 ind. per 0.1 m2. In the natural environment the colonization process was similar, but as in Kiel Bay, the densities were much lower than on the experimental substrates. The successional pattern and role of opportunists during early succession is discussed.
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  • 76
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    The role of Sven Ekman, Adolf Remane, Carl Schlieper and Sven G. Segerstråle in Baltic biology (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Sven EKMAN (1876-1964), zoogeographer and limnologist in Uppsala, wrote significant articles on marine glacial relicts, drew up a proposal of the natural history division of the Baltic Sea and wrote the textbook "Tiergeographie des Meeres", first of its kind and later published in English as "Zoogeography of the Sea". - Adolf REMANE (1898-1976), zoosystematician and ecologist in Kiel, was one of the first to analyse the faunal composition and communities of the Baltic in "Die Tierwelt der Nord-und Ostsee". A pioneering textbook by him and C. SCHLIEPER "Biologie des Brackwassers" appeared also in English. REMANE found the interstitial habitat. He described numerous new Gastrotrichs, Rotifers and Archiannelids. - Carl SCHLIEPER (*1903), zoophysiologist in Kiel, is the founder of the "School of Baltic physiologists". Studies by him and his many students on salt water tolerance and osmoregulation, ionic and temperature adaptation and high pressure tolerance of aquatic animals are known world wide. He is the co-author of four textbooks. Sven G. SEGERSTRÅLE (*1899), zooecologist in Helsinki, initiated the yearly monitoring of the bottom fauna in coastal waters of Finland. He studied the systematics and ecology of amphipods, especially the genus Gammarus and Pontoporeia and biology of the mussel Macoma balthica. His descriptive articles on the Baltic Sea and studies on marine glacial relicts are well known.
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  • 77
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    Influence of organic compounds on the toxicity of copper and cadmium to algae cells (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: The effect of siderophores, cysteine and Na2EDTA in cultures of Chlorella vulgaris and Anabaena variabilis containing copper or cadmium, on the chlorophyll-a content, as well as on the rate of carbon fixation, has been investigated. Experiments on copper accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris cells grown in the presence of organic compounds have been also carried out. The siderophores, cysteine and Na2EDTA reduced the toxicity of copper and cadmium to axenic strains of algae and natural phytoplankton. No correlation between the toxic effect of copper and its bioavailability was observed.
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  • 78
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    Effects of coastal eutrophication on the spawning grounds of the Baltic herring in the SW Archipelago of Finland (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: In the last 14 years, trapnet catches of the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras L.) have decreased drastically in the inner zones of the bays studied, but increased in the outer zones in the sea area of Turku, SW Finland. We deduce that the reasons for the decrease of catches have been eutrophication and sedimentation of the bays. The spawning grounds of the Baltic herring were studied by SCUBA-diving in the sea area of Turku in 1981-86. We studied 134 locations but found eggs in only 20 locations. Herring did not lay eggs on all suitable grounds, but regularly and intensively used some few locations from year to year. The most important spawning grounds were situated in the outer zones of the bays. We found eggs at 0-8 meters depth. In the inner parts of the bays, we did not find eggs with the exception of one shore, which is kept free of sediments by water currents. The spawning grounds comprised mainly sand and gravel. Most of them were covered by vegetation. Eggs were attached to Cladophora glomerata, Potamogeton perfoliatus, and red algae Furcellaria Jumbricalis and Phyllophora truncata. In the innermost zones of the bays the original littoral hard bottoms have changed to soft, muddy bottoms and consequently no eggs could be found there.
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  • 79
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    Does fish farming affect natural Baltic fish communities? (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: In 1985 and 1986, a SW Finnish archipelago area was monitored for fish (using gillnets and seine), in order to investigate potential effects of salmonid fish farming on natural fish communities (population- and community level, growth and food choice). The results indicate some structural change eg. in total abundance and biomass values (increasing), on species composition (towards moore cyprinid-dominated communities), on growth rate (increasing) and food choice (increased proportions of fish consumed) of perch, and a general shift towards communities dominated by juveniles and small fish in areas influenced by fish farms.
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  • 80
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    Recruitment and survival of Nereis diversicolor O.F. Müller and Corophium volutator (Pallas) in an artifical saltwater lagoon in the Danish Wadden Sea (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: Recruitment and survival of Nereis diversicolor and Corophium volutator was studied in an artificial Saltwater Lagoon in the Danish Wadden Sea. The two species were the most successful colonizers of this lagoon and they have temporarily accounted for more than 80 % of the benthic individuals. Predation by waders, emigration and a low salinity in winter(〈2‰) appeared to be important regulators of the population sizes. Various field experiments have been performed to examine the effect of selected infaunal species on recruitment of C. volutator and N. diversicolor. The density of recruits of C. volutator was negatively affected by adult individuals of its own species, by C. arenarium, by Macoma balthica, and by Nereis diversicolor. C. arenarium was the only species that had a negative effect on N. diversicolor. At the intertidal flat a high recruitment of both, C. volutator and N. diversicolor, took place within cages enclosing the natural fauna, while the density of recruits on the adjacent bottom was low. The importance of epibenthic predators and cage artifacts on the density of recruits is discussed.
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  • 81
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    Factors controlling the occurrence of Furcellaria lumbicalis (Huds.) Lamour. and Phyllophora truncata (Pallas) Zinova in the upper littoral of the Archipelago of SW Finland (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: The influence of eutrophication on the occurrence of the red algae Furcellaria lumbricalis and Phyllophora truncata was studied in the sea area of Turku. Due to increased sediment load and planktonic production, light penetration in the water has decreased in the northern parts of the study area. Furthermore, the quality of the sea bottom has changed. Plots of 1 m2 (N = 100} in the upper littoral zone (0.5-6 m} were studied by SCUBA diving, in order to investigate the factors controlling the occurrence of the red algae. Two transects were situated in the eutrophicated area, and two in the reference area. In the plots, the percentage cover of each plant species and of Mytilus edulis was documented, and the Secchi disc visibility and depth was measured. The numerical data were analyzed by correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis (BMDP2R}. In the eutrophicated area, abiotic factors (percentage cover of plain bottom and bottom quality} explained 81.28 % of the variation of red algae cover. In the reference area, the biotic factors (total number of species and Mytilus cover in %} were the most important factors, explaining 66.4 % of red algae cover.
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  • 82
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    The seasonal nature of major Baltic inflows (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: Major inflows of saline water into the Baltic Sea have a significant impact on the oceanological regime of the deep water in the central basins. Such events show seasonal characteristics, which are investigated here for the 80-year period from 1897 to 1976. The characteristic properties - i.e. salinity, temperature, density and oxygen concentration of the water bodies entering the Baltic during major inflows are analyzed for the first time. The significance of the season of the inflow event for its effects on the oceanological conditions in the deep water is discussed.
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  • 83
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    Phytoplankton summer assemblages in relation to environmental factors at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland during 1972-1985 (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: 12-year quantitative phytoplankton data collected in the Tvarminne sea area in June-August from 1972-1985 were analysed in relation to environmental data collected at the same time. This was done by principal component analysis followed by canonical correlation analysis. A phytoplankton species succession which took place parallel to the increase in temperature was found to be the most important factor causing variation in species composition. The second most important factor was a change in phytoplankton species composition from the early 1970's towards the 1980's. This followed the same pattern as nutrient levels and total phytoplankton biomass. The species primarily responsible for the change were nanoplanktonic forms, such as unidentified flagellates, Cryptomonas spp., Monoraphidium contortum and Microcystis reinboldii, and a heterotroph, Ebria tripartita. It was concluded that this was due to increased levels of total phosphorus and organic load in the Gulf of Finland. Short-term weather conditions had no significant effect on species composition.
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  • 84
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    History of benthic research in the Northern Baltic Sea : from description to prediction (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: The history of studies of benthic flora and fauna in the Northern Baltic Sea (N of 58° N, including the Gulfs) is briefly reviewed from the early naturalists of the Linnaean period (mid-18th century) to the early 1970's.
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  • 85
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    Seasonal change of zooplankton in Kiel Bay, IV : Ichthyoplankton (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: Fish eggs and larvae were sampled during 1970 and 1971 at approximately monthly intervals in the Kiel Bay using a Bongo-Net. Samples of 0.5 mm mesh net were considered in this study. At every station temperature and salinity were measured. The most abundant fish eggs were of sprat origin, followed by flounder, cod and plaice. Spawning areas of this species are also described. Fish larvae showed high abundance from June to August with gobies predominance. Commercially important species such as herring, cod and plaice were present in low numbers. Species exceeding the 5 % relative proportion level (tow-year average) were herring, sprat, rockling, gobies and gunnel.
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  • 86
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    Vertical distribution of ichthyoplankton in the Bornholm Basin (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: The Bornholm Basin has a distinct hydrographical pattern in terms of temperature, salinity and oxygen. Due to the strong differences in density, there is a strong vertical stratification of water masses and ichthyoplankton as well. The vertical distribution of fish eggs and larvae was investigated in a period of 27 hours at an anchor station. Samples were taken at three hours intervals with a closing net. The species composition of fish eggs and fish larvae in (), both in percent, was found to be 79.7 (84.0) sprat, 17.5 (15.0) cod, 1.3 (0.6) rockling, 1.5 (0.4) flounder and 7.3 dead eggs. To control for water masses around the station, double oblique hauls with a ring net were performed, as well as measurements of temperature and salinity. The vertical distribution of sprat and cod eggs showed considerable differences. Sprat eggs were most abundant in the upper 40 metres, whereas cod eggs were found only from 40 metres downwards. The few eggs of rockling and flounder showed a weak accumulation between 40 to 65 metres. Sprat and cod larvae were present throughout the whole water column, decreasing in numbers with depth. The maximum abundance overlapped for sprat and cod between 40 to 65 metres. However, sprats were also common in the upper layer, in which cod were present in small numbers only. The larvae of rockling and flounder were generally scarce and not found in every sample. No aggregation was obvious at certain depth levels.
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  • 87
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    A quantitative estimation of fish predation on shallow soft bottom benthos in SW Finland (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: Predation on zoobenthos by fish was studied on Åland, northern Baltic Sea, in a shallow, semi-isolated bay (Station 1) and an outer area (Station 2) which is in direct connection with the bay. The fish sampling was done under an one year-cycle (May-November 1984 - May-June 1985) with a standardized multimesh set of gillnets. The fish samples for community analysis were taken once a month (May-November 1984 - May-June 1985). Stomach samples of perch (Perca fluviatilis, L.), roach (Rutilus rutilus, L.) and ruffe (Acerina cernua, L.) were collected five times during the sampling period representing the spring-, summer- and autumn-seasons. The fish species studied are the most important predators on benthic macroinvertebrates in this area. Calculations of the annual food consumption were done on the basis of field data and literature values. The soft bottom infauna was monitored throughout the study to get accurate measures of the standing stock. Roach was the most abundant and important bottom feeder in the study areas. It consumed 64 to 73 % of the total amount of benthic food taken. Roach preyed heaviest on molluscs. Perch preyed mainly on crustaceans (at St. 2) and insect-larvae (at St. 1). It consumed about 24 to 35 % of the total amount of fish predation. Ruffe is principally an obligate benthic feeder consuming mainly insect-larvae, crustaceans and polychaetes. The abundances of ruffe were low in the study areas, and the quantities consumed were marginal on an annual basis. The total consumption calculated was 999 kg/ha at St. 2 and 349 kg/ha at St. 1 during the summer season (May-November). Consumption is significantly higher in the outer area (St. 2) mainly due to higher fish abundances and benthic biomass in this area. The consumption values are equivalent to about 9 to 31 % of the annual secondary benthic production in the area studied. The fish consumed a significant proportion of the benthic standing stock, but simultaneous experiments in the lab and field have shown that the structuring effect of fish-predation on the benthic community is small. The ecological relevance of the fish/benthos couplings on shallow soft bottoms are further emphasized.
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  • 88
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    Ecotoxicological effects of two mercury compounds on Neomysis integer (Leach) and Pomatoschistus microps (Krøyer) (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: In static toxicity tests, the effects of HgCl2 and of an organic mercury complex on the mortality of Neomysis integer and Pomatoschistus microps were determined under various temperature and salinity conditions. Definite species-specific differences with respect to combined temperature, salinity and mercury effects were found. The toxicity of the organic mercury complex exceeded that of HgCl2 by a factor of 20 in the case of N. integer, and by a factor of 30 in the case of P. microps. By means of continuous respiration and activity measurements on N. integer (the more sensitive species) under organo-mercury contamination at different environmental conditions (temperature, salinity and pO2), reproducible sublethal concentrations were determined. For this species, a direct relationship was found between mercury contamination levels, increase in activity, and oxygen uptake.
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  • 89
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    Notes on the history of brackish water biology at the Universities of Rostock and Greifswald (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: On the occasion of the celebrations of the 50th year of existence of the biological station at Hiddensee (1982), the 150th jubilee year of the Zoological Institute of the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University in Greifswald (1986), and the 25th year of existence of an independent marine biological research and training facility at the University of Rostock (1985), a short overview is given of the development of biological science in the Baltic Sea in the Hither Pomerania and Mecklenburg region. It will become clear that the initiative for brackish water research arose at the University of Greifswald, with algological studies concentrated at Hiddensee and zoological-ecological work in Greifswald itself. Effective and successful marine biological research and teaching at the University of Rostock started with the establishment of the Department of Marine Biology (1960), where university marine biological activities are now concentrated as a result of the university reform (1968).
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  • 90
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    Influence of light, heavy and crude oil on the mortality of shrimps Cragon cragon L. under laboratory conditions (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: Shrimps (Crangon crangon L.) were exposed to 5, 7.5, 10, 25, or 50 ppm of light fuel oil, heavy fuel oil or crude oil at 15° C or 20° C with aeration. The mortality was recorded. It was found that light fuel oil was the most toxic and crude oil the least toxic.
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  • 91
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    The taxonomy of the genus Enteromorpha Link in the Gulf of Gdańsk, a numerical approach (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: The genus Enteromorpha Link is one of the most common algae in the Gulf of Gdańsk. The literature mentions that several Enteromorpha species occur in the western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk. The material for analysis was collected in the littoral zone down to a depth of 1 m in the Gulf of Gdańsk and on the open Baltic coast once a month from April to November 1986. The taxonomical characters, the nature of the bottom sediments and the sampling season were used for describing OTUs. 6 dissimilarity coefficients and 7 clustering methods were employed. The two principal clusters and some intermediate OTUs are shown on the dendrograms. The difference between these two clusters lies in the morphological characters. In one of them, the filaments are unbranched, without prolification, and the cells are multilateral and rounded, setting in random fashion; in the second one the filaments are branched, and the cells are rectangular, setting in an orderly manner along the main axis and the branches. The remaining characters, especially the quantitative ones do not seem to be important from the cluster analysis point of view.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 92
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    Long-term observationsof selected heavy metals contained in otoliths of cod from the Southern Baltic (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: Cadmium, lead, copper, chromium and zinc contents were determined in otoliths of the cod Gadus morhua L. from the Southern Baltic. It was shown that the levels of these heavy metals fluctuated during the period of investigation (1969-1985). It was found that levels of Cd, Cu, Cr and Zn decreased with age and age-dependent morphometric parameters, while the amount of lead increased. Sex of cod did not affect the level of bioaccumulation of these five trace elements in the otoliths. With the exception of Cu no differences were found between heavy metal contents in otoliths of cod from the Gdańsk and Bornholm Deep.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 93
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    Evidence for a scavenging lifestyle in the free-living Nematode Pontonema vulgare (Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: Following a mass mortality of the demersal fish population in Kiel Fjord due to anoxic water conditions throughout the water column, the occurrence of mass aggregations of the free-living marine nematode Pontonema vulgare on dead fish, jellyfish (Aurelia aurita, Cyanea capillata) and starfish (Asterias rubens), and in weakened mussels (Mytilus edulis) was observed by SCUBA diving and documented through underwater photography as early as two days after the incident occurred. P. vulgare not only survived the anoxic conditions which prevailed for severals days, but also took advantage of these circumstances to prey upon dead or weakened animals on the sediment. These observations confirm previous reports of a possible role of Pontonema vulgare as a scavenger in the form of mass aggregations in areas of acute oxygen depletion and sediments of high organic content. Positive thigmotaxis is assumed to cause aggregations of Pontonema vulgare upon brown sediments and on webs of Beggiatoa spec. in oxic water with no apparent prey as a cause. Their chemoreceptive sense, thigmotactic aggregation behavior, ability to withstand adverse oxygen conditions, and their broad feeding spectrum are responsible for the success of this species in an extreme environment.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 94
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    Meiobenthic communities of the Szczecin Lagoon (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: Based on data collected at 7 stations 4 times a year in 1985 and 1986, composition and distribution of meiobenthic communities in the Polish part of the Szczecin Lagoon, a eutrophic and polluted water body connected with the Baltic Sea, is presented. The data show a tendency to reduced total meiobenthos densities and diversity from the lower to upper reaches of the lagoon. The meiobenthic communities studied were dominated by nematodes, ostracods ranking second in numerical importance. Harpacticoid copepods were most abundant at the outer stations which are influenced by Baltic inflows. Most of the 10 harpacticoid species recorded in the lagoon were found at the outer stations (lower reaches) as well. Similarity analysis allowed to separate three zones within the lagoon: (1) the outer zone, its stations showing most abundant and diverse meiobenthic communities; (2) the innermost zone (upper reaches) with the least abundant and qualitatively impoverished communities; and (3) the intermediate zone.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 95
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    Use of biochemical features of macrobenthic species as indicators of long-term oxygen deficiency (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-01
    Description: An approach to monitoring the availability of oxygen to benthic marine invertebrates in the sediment is presented on the basis of biochemical analyses of metabolites of species from Kiel Bight. In Halicryptus spinulosus, Astarte borealis and Arctica islandica several metabolites of anaerobic metabolism were examined for their suitability as indicator substances of the oxygen availability. The amino acids aspartic acid and alanine seem to be useful only as indicators of short-term anaerobiosis, whereas glycogen and succinate together may indicate the overall duration of long-term anaerobiosis. The time course of glycogen depletion and of the increase of succinate concentrations in the tissues is correlated to the duration of experimentally induced anaerobiosis. Analyses of freshly captured Halicryptus spinulosus reflect the occurrence of long-term anaerobiosis at the sampling site in Kiel Bight during the end of summer and early autumn. Succinate concentrations in these worms and the depletion of glycogen came close to the values of specimens kept in the laboratory under anoxic conditions for 40 days (at 10°C).
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  • 96
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    A survey of botanical investigations of the waters of the Soviet Baltic in the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 97
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    Primary production in the Southern Baltic in 1985 and 1986 compared with long-term mean seasonal variation (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: On the basis of long-term investigations, the course of seasonal variations of mean daily primary production and mean chlorophyll-a concentration in the Southern Baltic waters are presented. The mean annual primary production of the Gdańsk Deep, Bornholm Deep and the Gotland Deep amounted to 124.4 gC m-2, 88.8 gC m-2 and 107.2 gC m-2, respectively. The primary production of the Southern Baltic in 1986 was higher than in 1985, and higher than the long-term mean value. The mean annual production for the Southern Baltic in 1986 amounted to 130 gC m-2. On the basis of long-term observations of primary production and chlorophyll-a of the Southern Baltic, certain upward trends in phytoplankton production were observed.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 98
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    Nutrient turnover at the sediment/water interface in shallow eutrophic coastal waters (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The nutrient situation in eutrophic shallow coastal water systems is characterized by particular features. In addition to water exchange with the open sea, interactions at the sediment/water interface play a significant role. With the help of investigation on phosphate sorption/desorption balances and on the denitrification capacity of shallow coastal waters, the following general conclusions can be made: The phosphate concentrations in the water are primarily determined by physico-chemical reactions with the sediment, and less by the rhythm of the phytoplankton primary production. Through intensive interactions between sediment and water, a phosphate "equilibrium" concentration which fluctuates very little is maintained over the whole year. High primary production rates are possible at these low equilibrium concentrations of phosphate. The phosphate sorption capacity of sediments is a characteristic parameter of shallow systems. Sediments with a high organic matter content exhibit the highest phosphate sorption capacities. With the development of nearly anearobic conditions, nitrate reduction can occur at a rate, when the appropriate amount of nitrate is made available to the reaction. Under optimal conditions for nitrate reduction, nitrate concentration is also not a parameter characterizing the nature of the water body.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 99
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    The history of marine mycological research in the Baltic Sea (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 100
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    Larvae production of the common jellyfish Aurelia aurita in the Western Baltic 1982-1984 (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: During 1982, 1983 and 1984 numbers of planulae within the oral arms of the common jellyfish Aurelia aurita were counted, and the organic content of the larvae was determined through C/N analysis. The total numbers of larvae produced by females of the same size increased during the period of investigation by a factor of 4-5, and a good linear correlation between the amount of larvae and body weight of the females were observed. In contrast, the averaged carbon content of the planulae decreased from 0.68 µg C per individual in 1982 to 0.28 µg C per individual in 1984. On average, larvae represented 17% of the carbon content of a female in 1982, 25% in 1983 and 37% in 1984. Partitioning of this organic matter among larvae differed from year to year: low numbers of planulae with a high organic content were observed in 1982, very high numbers with a low organic content in 1984, and intermediate in 1983. Thus breeding behaviour of the common jellyfish seems to be a complex process and there is evidence that medusae abundance and estimated food availability ragulate reproduction in Aurelia aurita populations.
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