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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. During the laboratory culture of the California mud-fiat oetopus. Octopus bimaculoides(Pickford & McConnaughey, 1949), concurrent infestations of ectoparasitic flagellate and ciliate protozoans were discovered when examining sick and dying animals. The flagellates, similar to the bodonid parasite, Ichthyobodo necator (Henneguy, 1883), were small (3–9 μm total length) and infested any surface epithelia exposed to sea water. The larger ciliates (l5–30 μm total length), believed to be ancistrocomids, were found only on the gills. This is the first documented report of ciliate or flagellate ecto-parasites infesting cephalopod molluscs. Flagellate infestations were first manifest on the dorsal arms and mantle surfaces of O. bimaculoides as white spots visible when the octopuses were in dark colouration. Lesions formed at the centres of the spots and the interspersed lesions eventually connected. Once the parasites damaged the epidermis, secondary bacterial infections caused lesioning. Both parasites heavily infested the gills. Clinical signs first appeared at 2 months post-hatching (0-5 g). Octopuses seemed to become refractory to the disease beyond a size of 25 g. No effective treatment was found for these infestations. It was possible to eliminate parasite spread in the laboratory by prefiltering water to l μm. The source of the parasites was the wild octopus population of the southern California coast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 20 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Loligo forbesi Steenstrup is a commercially and biomedically important species raneing from Scotland to North Africa and from the Azores Islands in the central Atlantic east through the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea. Eggs were collected from Plymouth. England and from the Azores and the hatchlings were reared to adult size in recirculating seawater systems. Growth data were obtained primarily from mortalities during the course of three culture experiments which lasted 360, 240 and 480 days. Loligo forbesi hatched at a size of 5–9mg (3.0–4.6mm mantle length, ML) and grew to a maximum size of 124g (155 mm ML) in 413 days. In all experiments, growth was exponential in form for at least the first 3 months at rales of 5.8, 5.1 and 3.6% body weight per day (BW/d) at mean temperatures of 14.1, 14.0 and 13.1°C respectively. In one short-term experiment, month-old squids grew at 8.0% BW/d at 17.4°C. Growth beyond 3 months was slower and either logarithmic (as described by the power function) or exponential in form. Growth rates gradually declined to 1–2% BW/d, Analyses of mantle length growth confirmed the wet weight results. There was no evidence of sexual dimorphism in the laboratory populations, which were of small size, and the length-weight (L-W) relationships were found to be similar to those of field populations. Growth rates during the exponential growth phase appeared very sensitive to temperature, with a 1°C difference changing growth rate by 2% BW/d and producing a three-fold difference in weight at 90 days post-hatching. These dramatic effects of temperature on adult size and lifespan in nature are discussed. It is hypothesized that the small size of mature laboratory-reared squids was due to low culture temperatures during the first 3 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 98 (1988), S. 369-379 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory culture of 40 Octopus bimaculoides from April 1982 to August 1983 through the full life cycle at 18°C vs 23°C provided information on the growth, reproductive biology and life span of this California littoral octopus. At 18°C, the cephalopods grew from a hatchling size of 0.07 g to a mean of 619 g in 404 d; the largest individual was 872 g. Octopuses cultured at 23°C reached their highest mean weight of 597 g in 370 d; the largest individual grown at this temperature was 848 g after 404 d. Growth data revealed a two-phase growth pattern: a 5 mo exponential phase followed by a slower logarithmic (power function) phase until spawning. At 5 mo octopuses grown at 23°C were over three times larger than their 18°C siblings. However, beyond 6.5 mo, growth rates were no higher at 23°C than at 18°C. At 13.5 mo, the mean weight of the 18°C group surpassed that of the 23°C group. The slope of the length/weight (L/W) relationship was significantly different for the two temperature regimes, with the 23°C octopuses weighing 18% less than their 18°C siblings at a mantle length of 100 mm. Females weighed more than males at any given mantle length. Males grew slightly larger and matured before females. The L/W relationship indicated isometric body growth throughout the life cycle. Higher temperature accelerated all aspects of reproductive biology and shortened life span by as much as 20% (from approximately 16 to 13 mo). O. bimaculoides has one of the longest life cycles among species with large eggs and benthic hatchlings. Extrapolations to field growth are made, and the possible effects of temperature anomalies such as El Niño are discussed.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1988-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2004-05-08
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2001-01-22
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-09-22
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: Hundreds of Sepia officinalis were hatched and cultured through the life cycle in each of 13 populations. Two genetic lines were maintained: one for an unprecedented seven generations and another presently in its fourth. All generations—save one—produced animals in excess of 1·0 kg body weight. Seven of eight generations with adequate data records had mean weights of 1–2 kg, and the largest cuttlefish reared were a male 2·6 kg and a female 2·9 kg. Fecundity levels were high, but there was a trend towards decreased fertility in later generations, with fertilization rates dropping below 10%. In the 7th generation, most mature animals failed to engage in agonistic courtship and mating behaviour. Almost no normal eggs were laid and none was fertile, thus ending the lineage. Most culture took place at 20–24°C and temperature generally explained variations in life span duration: being of shorter length at higher temperatures. Life spans were consistently longer at 20°C and sizes were greater than predicted from previously published literature. In both lines there was a trend towards larger individuals and longer life spans in subsequent generations. Survival of hatchlings typically exceeded 90% for two months post-hatching, and survival averaged 50% or higher to sexual maturity when corrected for animals removed from the populations for experimental use.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Wiley
    In:  Aquaculture Research, 20 (1). pp. 1-14.
    Publication Date: 2020-06-11
    Description: Loligo forbesi Steenstrup is a commercially and biomedically important species raneing from Scotland to North Africa and from the Azores Islands in the central Atlantic east through the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea. Eggs were collected from Plymouth. England and from the Azores and the hatchlings were reared to adult size in recirculating seawater systems. Growth data were obtained primarily from mortalities during the course of three culture experiments which lasted 360, 240 and 480 days. Loligo forbesi hatched at a size of 5–9mg (3.0–4.6mm mantle length, ML) and grew to a maximum size of 124g (155 mm ML) in 413 days. In all experiments, growth was exponential in form for at least the first 3 months at rales of 5.8, 5.1 and 3.6% body weight per day (BW/d) at mean temperatures of 14.1, 14.0 and 13.1°C respectively. In one short-term experiment, month-old squids grew at 8.0% BW/d at 17.4°C. Growth beyond 3 months was slower and either logarithmic (as described by the power function) or exponential in form. Growth rates gradually declined to 1–2% BW/d, Analyses of mantle length growth confirmed the wet weight results. There was no evidence of sexual dimorphism in the laboratory populations, which were of small size, and the length-weight (L-W) relationships were found to be similar to those of field populations. Growth rates during the exponential growth phase appeared very sensitive to temperature, with a 1°C difference changing growth rate by 2% BW/d and producing a three-fold difference in weight at 90 days post-hatching. These dramatic effects of temperature on adult size and lifespan in nature are discussed. It is hypothesized that the small size of mature laboratory-reared squids was due to low culture temperatures during the first 3 months.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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