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  • Emerald  (2,548)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1995-1999  (3,908)
  • 1996  (3,908)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 1995-1999  (3,908)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Jumping the hurdles: barriers to mentoring for women in organizations (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 17 (1996), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There is an explosion of interest in programmes to help women gain mentors in organizations. Despite the haste to jump on the "mentoring bandwagon", there is little information on the barriers women face in obtaining a mentor. Discusses these barriers and the results of a study addressing this issue. Presents practical implications for organizations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739610116984
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perspectives on mentoring (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 17 (1996), S. 50-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explores perspectives on mentoring, including the mentor, the protégé and the organization. Emphasizes key benefits to each of these parties. Addresses the question of why mentors engage in mentoring. Discusses the role of leadership in the development of leader-supported mentoring processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739610117019
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A three-track process for executive leadership development (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 17 (1996), S. 4-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes a three-track process for executive leadership development (TTL) intended to develop a cadre of strategic business leaders for the next decade. TTL consists of three simultaneous tracks of activity requiring as much as 18 months, during which participants also perform their regular jobs. It has three objectives, corresponding to the tracks of activity: the business track - solves real-life business problems thereby supporting the business while providing each individual participant with increased expertise in an area previously unknown to him or her; the leadership track - enables participants to lead individuals, groups and organizations more effectively; and the personal track - helps participants appreciate and more effectively utilize their innate personal skills, values, predispositions and traits. Examines results to date and shows that this leadership development process has already provided substantial returns to many individuals and organizations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739610120547
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Challenges in cross-gender mentoring relationships: psychological intimacy, myths, rumours, innuendoes and sexual harassment (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 17 (1996), S. 42-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explores the roles of sexuality and intimacy in cross-gender mentoring relationships. Today's leaders are concerned about controlling sexuality and intimacy in cross-gender work relationships and there is an increased awareness of the sexual harassment aspect of sexuality in today's society. Describes sexuality and intimacy in cross-gender mentoring relationships and explores the sex role spillover model's explanation for sexuality in these relationships. Views sexuality and intimacy in cross-gender mentoring relationships along a continuum ranging from non-sexual, psychologically intimate relationships to the extreme of sexual harassment. Includes mentors', protégés' and co-workers' perceptions of sexuality and intimacy in cross-gender mentoring relationships in this discussion along with the impact of these perceptions on cross-gender mentoring relationships. Finally, considers ways to manage sexuality and intimacy in cross-gender mentoring relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739610116993
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leadership and management: Oedipal struggles in voluntary organizations (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 17 (1996), S. 12-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Investigates the relationship of employees to founding board members in voluntary organizations. Argues that unresolved conflicts are the source of much of the difficulty experienced in this field by the organizations. Concludes that because of this destructive element it is important that such organizations resolve these struggles at key stages in their growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739610130537
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defence spending and unemployment rates: An empirical analysis for the OECD (1996)
    [S.l.] : Emerald
    Journal of economic studies 23 (1996), S. 44-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3585
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Estimates a three-equation model to test various economic hypotheses regarding the relationship between unemployment rate and defence spending in 18 OECD countries during the period 1962-1988. Reveals that the relationship which exists between unemployment rate and defence spending is not uniform across countries. Defence spending has a favourable impact on unemployment rate in Germany and Australia, whereas in Denmark it worsens the employment situation. In Australia, Germany and Belgium, non-defence spending and the unemployment rate are causally independent. Defence spending appears to act as a stablization tool in response to changes in the unemployment rate only in the UK. No significant causal relationship between unemployment rate and either type of spending is revealed in Japan, The Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Austria, New Zealand, Sweden, Canada and the USA. Observes a few cases of bi-directional causality between unemployment rate and defence/non-defence spending. Gives possible explanations for the observed cross-country variability in causal relation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443589610109667
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimizing pest risk in dwellings (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Explains ways to mitigate the effects of various species of pests in dwellings, dealing with three distinct groups - insects, rodents and birds. There are now many other species, apart from fleas, lice and bedbugs, which have evolved to capitalize on the more recent environmental modifications which man has undertaken. Looks at several objections, apart from the aesthetic, to the presence of pests in dwellings including significant risks to health, deterioration of the structure itself and economic loss. Examines potential pest problems which may arise in new designs/construction and suggest possible solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610116197
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are you set in your ways or is there a Sett in the way? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 38-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Summarizes the main points from Badgers - Guidelines for Developers produced by English Nature. Believes that understanding some facts about badgers can help to identify ways in which badgers and developments may co-exist while meeting the welfare aspects of current badger legislation. Stresses that this is basic guidance for developers and should not be used as a substitute for professional advice where badgers are affected by development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000012
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    All you wanted to know about dilapidations but were afraid to ask (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 4-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Suggests that good forward planning in respect of dilapidations liabilities can make a tremendous difference for both landlords and tenants. It is therefore important for the practising surveyor to have a good working knowledge of the law and practice. Sets out pointers to good practice on the practical side. Discusses some important principles of law and draws examples from recent cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610129003
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consolidation and repair of standing ruins: medieval churches in Norfolk - part I (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 10-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Points out that ruins have long held a fascination for those concerned with images of picturesque charm or sublime horror. Recent attitudes have broadened in an appreciation of the potential that standing ruins and their sites have for students of architecture, archaeology and landscape history, while many are now examining the roles that these remains might also have for the flora and fauna of a particular location. Examines the work that is being undertaken to consolidate and repair a number of ruined churches within the county of Norfolk. Illustrates how such work can broaden the base from which other projects may be undertaken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610129012
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High performance flat roofs (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 22-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Points out that many problems have arisen in the flat roofing industry as a result of the inadequacy of the earlier specification. In addition the suggested remedies bring many other difficulties in their wake. Aims to identify the pitfalls and suggest some solutions. Discusses different types of insulations with their advantages and disadvantages. Concludes by outlining the recommended upgrading specification for a flat roof.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610129021
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small urban spaces: part 6 - pavings (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 27-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Looks at pavings and how they contribute to the character of villages, towns and cities. Surveys the history of pavings from Roman times, and discusses the different types of paving which can be found. Concludes with an outline of legal controls and planning policies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610180178
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coalport Bridge Tollhouse, 1793-1995 (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 32-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Details the restoration of Coalport Bridge Tollhouse in Shropshire, a historic building which had fallen into disrepair. Presents the historical and structural surveys carried out and lists the sources of information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610148480
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consolidation and repair of standing ruins: medieval churches in Norfolk: part II (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Structural survey 14 (1996), S. 48-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Points out that ruins have long held a fascination for those concerned with images of picturesque charm or sublime horror. Recent attitudes have broadened in an appreciation of the potential that standing ruins and their sites have for students of architecture, archaeology and landscape history, while many are now examining the roles that these remains might also have for the flora and fauna of a particular location. Examines the work that is being undertaken to consolidate and repair a number of ruined churches in the county of Norfolk and illustrates how such work can broaden the base from which other projects may be undertaken. Part I considered how a group of standing ruins had been seen to provide sufficient social and economic value to justify a significant investment of public money. Part II discusses the practical issues raised by such work.Quality indicators Research implications** Practice implications** Originality** Readability***
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809610148633
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brand development versus new product development: towards a process model of extension decisions (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 10-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Considers the managerial processes that lead to the launch of successful line and brand extensions. Seeks to clarify the role, if any, that brand equity considerations have in the extension decision process. A case study approach is used. Data relating to 11 extension launches was collected from major fast-moving customer goods (FMCG) manufacturers in Europe, the USA, and Australia by The Boston Consulting Group (BCG). The output of the analysis is a set of propositions about the extension process, summarized in the form of a process model. The overall conclusion is that extension decisions are more about brand development than new product development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610152664
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developing an Australian model of export marketing performance determinants (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Compares and contrasts the Australian and international literature which has examined the determinants of export performance with a view to developing a model which will assist in improving what is generally considered to be low levels of achievement by Australian exporters. Based on a subjective evaluation of the international literature classifies export performance determinants into four categories of determinants - tangible (e.g. product, technology, distribution), attitudinal, skill and knowledge. Combines these determinants into a simple explanatory model process for the Australian literature. Concludes, after comparison of the two literatures that such differences as exist are a matter of degree rather than kind. Lack of prior experience and a poor perception of the potential benefits appear to inhibit Australian involvement and are reflected in low confidence levels. Modifies the original model to address these issues, giving greater emphasis to a long-term perspective and the attitudinal and skill based factors. Suggests that greater familiarity with the extant body of knowledge dealing with export performance determinants is needed to achieve the necessary attitudinal change and commitment to exporting which underpins success in domestic markets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610117311
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The BASIC marketing planning process: a practical framework for the smaller business (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 16-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Notes that although in recent years much has been written about the critical, if not overwhelming contribution of effective marketing planning to the achievement of competitive success, most of the literature deals with the application of marketing planning as it relates to big business. By contrast, provides an understanding of how all the key principles can be applied in the smaller business, in the form of a practical step-by-step framework for plan development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610121523
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of customer satisfaction measurement: the internal market versus the external market (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Observes that while customer satisfaction measurement is currently one of the commonest prescriptions in both the marketing and management literatures, little attention has been paid to the effects of customer satisfaction measurement, particularly in terms of the impact on the internal market, i.e. the employees and managers inside the organization. Reports some of the findings of a recent study of the internal market effects of customer satisfaction measurement, and identifies a number of ways in which the use of customer satisfaction information may have negative effects within the organization, which may stand in the way of the implementation of market strategies of service and quality. This suggests a management agenda which extends far beyond the acquisition of customer satisfaction data and reporting systems, to consider the full impact of such measurement systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610121514
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    "Integrative" qualitative methods in a services context (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the advantages of using qualitative methods for services marketing research. Describes in particular the use of an "integrative" qualitative research methodology in relation to a study concerning quality in marketing in a services context. Suggests that the development of an "integrative" qualitative research methodology is built on the very practical need for researchers to develop the "best" possible methodologies for their own specific research problem or issues. Combines the notion of an integrative research methodology with the idea of a "stream of research", or research which builds on earlier studies and explicitly allows the research to evolve and develop through distinctive stages over a given time period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610131126
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Educational supply chain: a tool for strategic planning in tertiary education? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the concept of adapting industry models to higher education, with specific reference to the idea of an educational supply chain, in which employers, students, university staff, schools and colleges work in collaboration to ensure that the needs of all are satisfied. The empirical research was undertaken as part of the University of Strathclyde's Department of Marketing's review of the undergraduate programme. It involved both students and employers in the decision-making process and gauged the reaction of both sectors to the idea of becoming more integrated into the university planning structure. Results show that both student and employer markets welcome the idea of further integration and collaboration and that there are some valuable lessons to be learned from industry in the arena of strategic planning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610110787
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advice for handling controversial accounts: from products to politicians (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 21-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Considers Australian advertising agency executives' attitudes towards "controversial" clients, by focusing on their attitudes towards political accounts. Examines a sample of 101 advertising agency executives from Australia's 300 largest agencies to determine why some Australian agencies are not willing to accept political accounts. The results, combined with comments from various advertising agency executives and the relevant literature, provide a number of suggestions for agencies who have or are planning to obtain potentially controversial accounts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610117320
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marketing in a "managed" economy (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 45-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Illustrates marketplace practice in some of the dynamic, development-oriented economies of East Asia. Argues that Western businesses engaging in the region for the first time do not always recognize the major impact which the industrial development policies of non-Western governments have on their domestic markets and local marketing practice. Consequently, marketing's key activities and day-to-day priorities can be very different in a "managed" economy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610117357
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olympia and York, Canary Wharf and what may be learned (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Property management 14 (1996), S. 5-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-7472
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Addresses issues and questions in an evaluative review of the insolvency of office developer Olympia and York at Canary Wharf in 1992. Asks: what made a large, private company internationally vulnerable? Why could property cycles with their risks become internationalized, notwithstanding that sometimes spreading the internationalization of property could be considered as a useful means of pooling the risks? What was the nature of the office building cycle in London which was adapting its property needs to the internationalization of the financial sector in London, Tokyo and New York? What lessons emerge in the relationships between economics, finance and law in a new wave of insolvency proceedings under post-1980 legislation? In terms of property market conditions, how can Paul Reichmann's consortium's repurchase of Canary Wharf be explained?
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02637479610115503
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Avoiding Part II of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Property management 14 (1996), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-7472
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Based on a request by a local authority to advise it as to the means of avoiding Part II of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 and the effect of the methods it used, examines the various options for avoidance, the provisions of the Act, the relevant case law, and the traps which may beset landlords hoping to avoid the Act. Also examines how parties may inadvertently fall within the Act and how this can be avoided. Recommends appropriate means of avoidance according to circumstances, and indicates what avoidance devices are not safe to use. Aims to assist landlords and their agents who wish to grant commercial occupation rights outside the Act, and to tenants and their agents who wish to know the effect of the various avoidance measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02637479610115521
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
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    The Landlord and Tenant (Covenants) Act 1995 (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Property management 14 (1996), S. 35-39 
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    ISSN: 0263-7472
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Outlines the details of the changes made to The Landlord and Tenant (Covenants) Act 1995. Examines principal provisions of the Act, i.e. those affecting new tenancies, and summarizes the reforms set out in sections 17-20. Also briefly looks at further provisions, i.e. sections 9, 10, 12, 13. Concludes that the Act represents a compromise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02637479610115530
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
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    On the way towards developing a global screening model (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 46-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Aims to identify and test criteria useful in screening potential worldwide opportunities. International business literature suggested the criteria which were applied in six product samples to determine whether the same criteria could be used across products. Accepts this proposition. Also shows that four criteria: product-specific market size growth, indirect market size, trade, and level of economic development contributed most to the discriminating capabilities among potential markets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610111344
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  • 27
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    Competitive environmental scanning and export involvement: an initial inquiry (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 65-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents an initial inquiry into the role of competitive environmental scanning in the internationalization process. Explores specifically the relationship between dimensions of competitive environmental scanning and measures of export market involvement and success. Finds that the results provide strong support for the contention that scanning capabilities must be developed for firms to pursue strategies that will result in a higher degree of export involvement and export success.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610111353
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
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    Entrepreneurial networking in Japanese management (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 13-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the concept of networking structure for the co-ordination in the corporate decision-making process in Japan. Looks at networking at a micro level based on empirical and anecdotal evidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610122973
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  • 29
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    Think local, organize...? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Looks at a recent survey of leading US consumer companies, which highlights the gap between the international goals that top managers espouse and the organizational approaches they choose in pursuing them. Shows that, while success in global markets is an aspiration many share, creating the conditions for success cannot be reduced to a simple formula. In fact, some of the factors conventionally associated with success are found with equal frequency in both successful and less successful companies. Sheds light on organizational features that do distinguish internationally successful companies - and others that simply fail to make the vital difference.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610122964
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    Country image: consumer evaluation of product category extensions (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 23-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Investigates the transferability of country images from well-known products to new product categories. States that analysis of data indicates that consumers' perceptions of new products from a given country are related to the image they hold for well-known products from that country. Further, the extent of transferability of beliefs is moderated by the extent of perceived similarity between the well-known and the new product categories.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610127239
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    Measuring the joint effect of brand and country image in consumer evaluation of global products (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 5-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: States that few studies have attempted to measure the joint effect of brand and country images, or the dimensions of these images, on consumer evaluation of global products. Suggests a methodology for defining product value by consumers' perception of brand and country image dimensions when sourced internationally. Brand-country image profiles were factor analysed to provide dimensions of each brand-country combination. Shows that consumer perception of product value changes, evidenced by brand-country dimensions, as production is sourced internationally, and suggests a modified marketing strategy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610127220
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    Implementing global marketing strategy: An interview with Whirlpool Corporation (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 56-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Whirpool Corporation is the world's leading marketer of major appliances. Its growth in the last ten years from a mostly domestic manufacturer to a global player is the result of a customer-driven strategy adopted in which the company's strengths are leveraged for growth around the world. Ivan Menezes, vice president, group marketing, Whirlpool Europe, talks about strategies and approaches that have made Whirlpool succeed not only in the fragmented European market but also in the emerging markets of central Europe, Latin America, and Asia. The key is to combine talent and best practice across borders to provide customers with value.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610122991
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    Product gender perceptions: the case of China (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International marketing review 13 (1996), S. 40-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-1335
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Investigates whether the Chinese perceive products to possess gender and whether these perceptions are based on who buys the product, who uses the product, and/or who promotes the product. The results indicate that the Chinese do indeed perceive many products to have gender. For those products which are clearly sex-typed, the primary determinant of these perceptions is the user; for more ambiguous products, uses the cues of user, buyer and promoter. Discusses the marketing implications regarding how to use these cues in creating and/or avoiding gender images of products.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651339610127248
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    The competence of top team members: A framework for successful performance (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 48-66 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Presents the research frame, methods and results of a study of top team competences in small- to medium-sized enterprises sponsored by the Training and Employment Agency in Northern Ireland. Explores a "postulated" framework of competence using a modified version of repertory grid with 31 successful companies who have a working top team. The results confirmed the framework and give core competences at two linked levels: competence domains, areas of activity regarded as an important focus for performance excellence and competences, integrated sets of behaviour which can be directed towards successful goals achievement within competence domains. Validation of the results is given by the outcomes of follow-up interviews and the comparison with other work. Holds that the results emphasize a radical insight into the notion of managerial competence in the smaller company.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610113593
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    Observing differences in verbal communication: Filipino and British manager-subordinate interactions (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 43-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: As business operations become increasingly global, the need for managers to communicate effectively with members of other cultures becomes more important. This is particularly true of managers who take up positions overseas, and an area where cross-cultural differences may be apparent is leader behaviour. Using structured observation of simulated interviews, attempts to compare the verbal leader behaviour of British managers and subordinates with that of managers and subordinates in the Philippines (as an important area within South-East Asia). Results revealed no significant differences in verbal behaviour between British and Filipino managers/subordinates, except in the categories of evaluating and enquiring. Makes some recommendations on how to approach interactions with Filipino subordinates and managers.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610117616
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    Managing training and development in Bahrain: the influence of culture (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Examines the influence of national culture on the decision-making behaviour of training managers in Bahrain. Twenty-one such managers were interviewed in order to complete two inventories: one concerned with the training culture and the other concerned with decision criteria used in selecting people for training. Characterizes the organizations represented in the sample by reference to two scales of measure. The first of these, which has been termed organizational rationale, reflects the extent to which training decision making stems from organizational needs. The second measure, which has been termed social rationale, reflects the extent to which training decision making stems from the mores of an Arabic culture. The location of an organization on a two-dimensional diagram contrasting these two types of influence is reminiscent of the managerial grid of Blake and Mouton. Suggests that Arabic culture can be mediated by variables such as nationality of ownership and sector of the economy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610124799
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    Consultant and client - working together? (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 40-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Examines both consultant and client perceptions of the consulting relationship, focusing on internal process consultants and a sample of their clients. Employs a procedure based on repertory grid technique to elicit dimensions of client-consultant relationships from 22 consultants and 16 of their clients within a major UK company. Develops a questionnaire in order to determine the importance and frequency of these dimensions, and also to investigate any perceived differences between the views of clients and consultants. Dimensions fell within four broad categories: clients' skills and behaviours; consultants' skills and behaviours; contract details or the logistics of the project; and dimensions focusing specifically on the client-consultant relationship. Clients focused particularly on the contract details, placing less emphasis on the importance of either their own skills and behaviours or the relationship they formed with the consultant. Consultants, on the other hand, viewed relationship building as most important. Makes recommendations for establishing and enhancing client-consultant relationships.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610129749
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    Transforming the National Health Service: The challenge for career management (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 40-50 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Claims that, for the 1990s, images of careers are multidimensional and individualistic. Notes that employees are encouraged to take responsibility for their own self-development, incorporate horizontal as well as vertical moves, and forge careers based on "employability", i.e. learning, networking and reputation. Bases its arguments on the findings of a study into senior executives in the NHS, and explores the consequences of organizational restructuring for the careers of clinical, general and functional managers. Suggests that organizational and professional barriers exist to undermine the notion of the multidimensional career. Argues that prescriptive approaches to career self-development need to take account of organizational context and that, to meet the challenges of careers in the 1990s, both the organization and the individual need to become more willing to take risks.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610148856
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    Implementing a job change: the impact of employee focus of attention (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 35-42 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Examines the relationship between focus of attention - how much a person thinks about job and off-job factors during work - and people's reactions to change. Survey respondents were 205 telecommunications repair technicians who were being trained to use a new computerized job assignment system. Results indicate that technicians with high job focus reacted more strongly to a job change over time, being less absent and more job involved, compared with low job focus technicians. High levels of off-job focus were associated with increasing levels of withdrawal. Discusses focus of attention's role in the facilitation of organizational changes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610117607
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    Evaluating a development centre (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 28-39 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Aims to explore factors which are thought to relate to the effectiveness of development centre processes. Studies a variety of attitudinal and motivational aspects concerned with attendance at, and benefit from, a development centre. The research was carried out using an instrument which was completed by 60 managers who had attended a development centre organized by a major British company. Hypothesizes a model which links development centre benefits to process validity, pre-centre factors, and biographical factors. Results show partial support for the model, confirming the strong link between benefits and process validity, but fail to demonstrate the importance of support from a participant's manager. Factor analysis demonstrates three distinct sets of benefits which have been labelled: personal development; career development; and organizational commitment.
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    Organizations and the end of the individual? (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 9-17 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Identifies the traditional western assumptions made about the individual and, from a social constructionist perspective, notes how they derive from their historical and social context. Argues that work organizations have played a significant role in both the western conceptualization and the very formation of the individual. Notes some of the changes now taking place in organizations, and speculates whether they could modify this conceptualization and formation significantly, and, if so, what the implications of the new individual could be for organizations and society.
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    Managing survivors The experience of survivors in British Telecom and the British financial services sector (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 51-60 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Explains that the extent and pace of change throughout British industry has been increasingly dramatically, resulting in major job losses, and the remaining employees or survivors of such change often experience the effects as deeply as those who are made redundant. Notes that, although many organizations invest time and resource in exiting people, they do little to help those who stay, and yet the successful transformation of organizations relies heavily on managing these people through the transitions. Examines data from a case study of British Telecom and survey data from the financial services sector. Illustrates, from the combination of case and survey data, the impact of such organizational change on the survivors. Indicates that few organizations appear to provide structured help at the appropriate level and intensity. Suggests that organizations will have to do more for their survivors to establish a new psychological contract.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610148865
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    Letterman or Leno: a groupthink analysis of successive decisions made by the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 3-17 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Utilizes the groupthink framework to analyse successive decisions made by the same group of senior executives of the National Broadcasting Company (NBC). These decisions related to NBC's flagship late-night television show, The Tonight Show. Based on this analysis, presents an enhanced groupthink framework that attempts to highlight why defective decision making occurred in one decision-making situation but not in another consecutive decision. Concludes that the answer lies in the presence of group isolation from qualifed experts and the specific leaders' behaviours of stating a preferred decision choice and not encouraging member opinions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610150024
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    Testing hypotheses of entrepreneurial characteristics: A study of Hong Kong MBA students (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 12-25 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Investigates if entrepreneurial inclination is significantly associated with the following psychological characteristics: need for achievement, locus of control, propensity to take risk, tolerance of ambiguity, self-confidence and innovativeness. A self-administered, fixed-alternative questionnaire is administered to 100 MBA students in Hong Kong, yielding a usable response rate of 54 per cent. ?2 tests of independence show that those who are entrepreneurially inclined and those who are not are homogeneous with respect to demographic and family characteristics. T-test results and logit analysis indicate that those who are entrepreneurially inclined have greater innovativeness, more tolerance of ambiguity and higher propensity to take risk as compared with those who are not entrepreneurially inclined. The logit model has an overall holdout accuracy rate of 87.4 per cent. Although not statistically significant, descriptive statistics suggest that the entrepreneurially inclined also possess a higher need for achievement, greater (internal) locus of control and more self-confidence.
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    Team performance: using repertory grid technique to gain a view from the inside (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Uses Kelly's personal construct theory and the technique of repertory grid analysis to identify constructs of team performance. These constructs are unique to each team and are derived directly from the team members themselves. Once team members have generated their personal constructs of team performance, they give a rating for their team in comparison with their views of teams they know of as "good teams", "bad teams," and those in between, as well as (for contrast) their experience of well-acted and badly-acted plays. This method of measuring team performance has advantages over the traditional, all-purpose questionnaire or checklist in tailoring the concept of team performance uniquely to the team of interest. In addition, the way the results are displayed gives team members a "picture" of their team's performance. This has proved very useful for feedback of results to the team members and in encouraging discussion on how team performance could be improved.
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    Peak performance and higher states of consciousness: A study of world-class performers (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 3-23 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Investigates higher stages of human development in some of the world's most accomplished performers. Indicates that far more frequent experiences of a silent, expanded, restfully alert and non-attached state of heightened awareness characterize those individuals who display outstanding skill and accomplishment in their action. Interprets these findings in the light of the Vedic Psychology of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, which describes higher states of consciousness in which peak performances are all-time phenomena rather than extraordinary happenings. There is widespread agreement that only very few individuals reach the highest stages of human development; as a consequence, there is a considerable latent human potential in organizations and society.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949610117580
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    Developing commitment between managers and employees (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 24-34 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Examines the relationship of managerial strategy and organizational commitment among drivers working in the private bus industry. Investigates the dimensions of managerial strategy and organizational commitment. Data were collected by survey questionnaire. Demonstrates that managerial strategy plays a key integrative role in generating organizational commitment among bus drivers. Decentralized authority, participative management, and resource adequacy were the most relevant factors in the development of organizational commitment. Found that employees felt blocked in using their initiative, experienced a power distance between managers and drivers, and were not recognized for non-driving activities. Suggests that managers and supervisors need to look at structures and processes which encourage participation and decentralized authority so that employees maintain involvement in their organizations.
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    Reflections: The impact of downsizing on survivors - some findings and recommendations (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 11 (1996), S. 56-59 
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    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Psychology , Economics
    Notes: Assesses the impact of downsizing and lay-offs on the workers who remain with the company - survivors. Argues that while the primary aim of downsizing is to improve efficiency and productivity, this is not always achieved owing to decreased motivation and job security among survivors. Outlines ways in which organizations can overcome these difficulties and suggests five possible strategies they can adopt to lessen any negative effects of lay-offs. Concludes by stating that these will help companies achieve their goal of optimum efficiency.
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    Acculturation: the symbolism of ethnic eating among contemporary British consumers (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 12-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In the last two decades there has been a dynamic growth in consumption of ethnic foods both in and outside home in the UK. Explores symbolic meanings associated with ethnic food consumption by native British consumers in the light of this growth. At a very broad level, an acculturation framework is applied to describe this cultural transformation of tastes from the traditional to the exotic. Starting from an initial dislike of these alien ethnic foods, argues that consumers have moved towards acculturation, and in some cases overacculturation, of these foods. Draws on participant observation of food consumption among seven English households, and on in-depth interviews with 22 participants.
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    The role of personnel directors on the board of directors (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 7-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the role of 28 personnel directors on the boards of private business and public sector organizations and offers an analysis of their influence and the factors explaining that influence. First, personnel directors adopted a business orientation directly involving them in business strategy, although this was more emergent than formally planned. Second, successful personnel directors required professional competence in HR proactively contributing to solving business problems. Third, excellent social skills in developing effective interpersonal relations with other board directors was important. A fourth factor was the management style of the MD/CEO including recognition that personnel could make a significant contribution to business goals. Where the MD held a strong people orientation, personnel was likely to have influence, whereas if the MD's priorities lay elsewhere then the role was tougher, but not impossible.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489610147825
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    Strategic HRM: evidence from the Irish food industry (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 40-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: One of the main features of human resource management (HRM) is the emphasis on aligning the organization's employee management practice with its strategy. It is argued that the strategy pursued by an organization needs to be supported by a compatible form of HRM practices. Each strategy has to be supported by a specific form of HRM practice. The attainment of a strategy-HRM fit is crucial in ensuring the effective utilization of the organization's human resources engendered by this fit which are supposed to lead to improved performance. In spite of the relative popularity of the HRM concept and the strategy-HRM fit thesis, there is little empirical evidence to show its presence in organizational practice. Seeks to examine this relationship in the Irish food industry. Finds that there was no evidence to support the proposition that strategy is the imperative in shaping HRM practice. The examination of the data showed that when other contingencies were taken into consideration the initial findings, showing an association between HRM practice and a competitive strategy, no longer holds. Instead, contingencies such as the presence of a HRM department and employment size are more important predictors of HRM practice.
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    The graduate management trainee preselection interview: Candidates' perceptions of the influence of interpersonal and communication factors on the interview outcomes (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 21-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes a study which aimed to capture the candidates' perceptions of a graduate employment interview, in particular how the interviewer's manner and ability may affect interview outcomes. Eighty-seven questionnaires were received from graduate candidates immediately after their interviews with an international retailing company based in the UK. Factor analysis produced five factors relating to "interpersonal manner" and two relating to "ability to communicate". Outlines the findings which were that: the impact made by the interviewer was a function of his/her professional style rather than his/her empathetic behaviour; the degree of empathy shown by the interviewer affected the interviewees' perceptions of the interviewer's competence as a supplier of information; and overall satisfaction with the interview was a function of the empathetic behaviour of the interviewer. Discusses the findings in the framework of the "signalling hypothesis" and other communication literature.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489610123218
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    Communication - is it really that simple?: An analysis of a communication exercise in a case study situation (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 23-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Analyses a communication exercise within a case study company. The exercise is in preparation for the implementation of a new element of the company remuneration package which was to be based on a central philosophy of employee involvement and team problem solving. The communication programme took place over a six-month period, and the research was conducted three months into this timescale and followed up two months after the introduction of the new payment scheme. Explicit information was conveyed downwards by senior management, and also employees were invited to contribute their ideas to the new scheme. Employees were wary and appeared to distort information based on their experiences of recent company history, their perception of the "trust" relationship between themselves and senior management, and events which took place during the exercise. The workforce appeared not to want to take ownership of the new element of the remuneration package until experience had given them an indication of a positive result. Ultimately, the communication exercise was assisting in the creation and development of a new form of shared organizational language.
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    A fatal attraction?: Strategic HRM and the business case for women's progression at work (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 51-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Critically assesses the underpinnings and implications of the business case for the progression of women at work. Fundamentally linked to the principles of strategic HRM, the business case focuses on the business benefits that employers accrue through making the most of the skills and potential of women employees. Presents a cautiously critical analysis of the claim that the position of women at work can be furthered through a business case. Drawing on recent writings on women at work, plus case study data from the authors own research, argues that the emergence and popularity of the business case has moved the discussion about the position of women at work away from concepts such as democracy and equality to those of organizational effectiveness and competitive edges.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489610130931
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    Risk, representation and the new pay (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 54-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Considers the ethics of the "new pay", a prescriptive model of pay management which has exercised increasing influence over reward practice in recent years. Makes two primary criticisms of the new pay - that it seeks to impose excessive risk on employees and that it affords little scope for involvement of employee representatives in the selection, design and operation of reward systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489610148536
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    Policing performance: the ethics of performance management (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Personnel review 25 (1996), S. 66-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0048-3486
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Challenges traditional models and approaches to performance management and presents an alternative methodology for developing performance objectives and managing performance. Argues that existing approaches generally do not succeed in meeting their objectives, are flawed in implementation, act to demotivate staff, and are often perceived as forms of control which are inappropriately used to "police" performance. Suggests that the alternative approach utilized in the case study organization, the British School of Osteopathy, is particularly appropriate for professional staff in the not-for-profit sector. Attempts to incorporate ethical concerns over performance management and, using a stakeholder approach, involves those affected in a dialogue over the design of performance measures and methods for performance improvement. Addresses four main ethical principles, namely: respect for the individual, mutual respect, procedural fairness and transparency of decision making.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489610148545
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    Employee involvement and industrial relations reform: reviewing a decade of experience in Australia (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Employee relations 18 (1996), S. 5-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-5455
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The past decade has witnessed a wide range of industrial relations reforms in Australia. Employee participation and industrial democracy was espoused by the federal Labour government in 1986 as a key element in its reform programme. It was also embraced by the trade union movement and, to a lesser extent, by leading employers and their associations. Examines why the promise of industrial democracy has not been fulfilled at the enterprise level. Identifies contributing factors as the economic recession, the decline of trade union membership and a lack of "people" skills in managerial ranks. Shows that although the trend towards enterprise bargaining may herald a new impetus for employee participation, thus far it has been characterized by a narrow agenda and limited involvement by employees.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425459610129335
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    The Commission on Industrial Relations in Britain 1969-74: a retrospective and prospective evaluation (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Employee relations 18 (1996), S. 6-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-5455
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the history of the Commission on Industrial Relations (CIR) 1969-74 - its origins, organization and policies - and then evaluates its contribution as an agent of reform in the context of the perceived problems of the 1960s and 1970s. Considers whether there are any lessons to be learnt for the future given the possibility of a Labour Government, developments in Europe and the 1995 TUC policy document Your Voice at Work. Despite the drastic changes in industrial relations and in the economic, political and social environment, the answer is in the affirmative. In particular, the importance of a new third-party agency having an independent governing body like the CIR and not a representative body like the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS); in its workflow not being controlled by government; and in its decisions on recognition being legally enforceable.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425459610125384
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    Creating and replicating HRM on greenfield sites: rhetoric or reality? (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Employee relations 18 (1996), S. 46-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-5455
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Greenfield sites have been seen as the most favourable setting for the adoption of human resource management (HRM). Presents a study of two greenfield employers' attempts to introduce and maintain HRM philosophy and practices. Contrasts one management's creation of HRM philosophy with another's efforts to replicate its principles in a new unit. Describes and assesses these managements' practices over the ten years since start up. Demonstrates that in the face of market pressures, greenfield managers are no more capable of maintaining soft-version practices than their brownfield counterparts. Shows how these managers attempted to legitimize hard-version practices by continuing to rely on language which reflected the humanistic principles of HRM. Concludes that without a radical reappraisal of management's values, the long-term aims of HRM will elude greenfield and brownfield sites alike.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425459610129380
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    Trade unions and the training of health and safety representatives in Europe (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Employee relations 18 (1996), S. 50-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-5455
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses research into provisions for education and training in health and safety offered by trade unions in a number of European countries. Uses material gathered in the survey to consider the role of trade union training in health and safety and its contribution to the operation of participative management of health and safety at the workplace level. Discusses the significance of employee representation in health and safety regulation and examines the support provided by trade union training in the context of factors that influence its effectiveness. Several specific aspects of trade union training are identified as characteristic. Other aspects of trade union health and safety education that contribute to the overall support and proactive role of trade unions in preventative health and safety are identified and discussed. Trade unions make extensive provision for education and training in occupational health and safety. This is a significant factor in raising awareness of health and safety issues and the development of a preventive health and safety ethos in all of the countries included in the study. Argues that it is possible to identify a common pedagogy in trade union education and training in occupational health and safety. This pedagogy is rooted in the educational methods of labour education, emphasizing the value of participants' own experience and developing a collective approach to the definition and solution of problems, while encouraging listening and communication skills in this process. Shows that although trade unions have suffered a loss of influence and power across Europe during the past decade - and in some countries their losses have been severe - in the case of education and training in health and safety, generally trade unions have maintained a significant provision as well as continuing to develop an innovative and dynamic approach to its content and delivery.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425459610151457
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    Who joins the unions and why? Evidence from India (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of manpower 17 (1996), S. 54-65 
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    ISSN: 0143-7720
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explains that although scholars acquainted with better methods and newer theories have explored the influences on workers' decision to join or not to join the unions, little systematic research has been conducted on this subject in relation to Indian industrial workers. Presents a study based on data collected from five large Indian organizations. Reveals that, compared with other variables, age, skill, upbringing, background, wage structure, constraints of wedlock, political involvement, job dissatisfaction, satisfaction with supervisory behaviour, aspiration for promotion, and desire to participate in decision making help shape the pro-union or anti-union attitude of workers. While economic and protective motives appeal much to workers in joining unions, dissatisfaction with the unions and their leaders, and fear of victimization, keep a large number of non-members away from unions. Provides a review of research on this issue and attempts to distil, from the study results, insights and implications of practical relevance to unions, union leaders and management. Puts forth future research priorities in the area.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437729610149330
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    Differential teamwork performance: The impact of general and specific human capital levels (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of manpower 17 (1996), S. 18-29 
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    ISSN: 0143-7720
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Team-based, performance-contingent pay plans are designed to increase workers' motivation and productivity. Evaluates differential performance among 65 workers employed in 20 teamwork groups in a public-sector organization. Study results are in two directions: first, introduction of an incentive scheme increased productivity by 14 per cent. Second, differential teamwork performance is affected by tenure and education. Finds tenure, which represents "firm-specific human capital" and years of schooling representing "general human capital", are positive and significant in both a bivariate Pearson correlation and in multivariate regression analysis. An interaction effect of tenure and education was not found to be significant, probably due to colinearity problems. Discusses results from both labour economics and social psychology perspectives.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004274
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    The labour market in Nigeria under regulation and deregulation: A comparative analysis (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of manpower 17 (1996), S. 46-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7720
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Regulation in its broader sense, means the imposition of restrictions on the various sectors of an economy. For example, prior to 1986, regulatory controls were the main approach to macroeconomic management in Nigeria. On the contrary, deregulation aims at the removal of controls, thereby enhancing competition and efficiency in the allocation of resources in the economy. Since 1987, deregulation has been the central framework for macroeconomic management in Nigeria. It is often argued that deregulation is associated with high levels of unemployment. Thus, analyses developments in the Nigerian labour market during the period, 1980-93. Available data show that Nigeria's unemployment rate declined marginally under deregulation as opposed to regulation. Despite this development, unemployment still remains a critical issue in Nigeria today. Also shows that even industrial relations deteriorated under regulatory controls. Consequently, concludes that the labour market in Nigeria did stabilize in the period 1987-93, as opposed to the period 1980-86.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437729610154163
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    Water hydraulics - the real world (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Looks at the potential of water hydraulics as an alternative to more traditional systems and explains the advantages and disadvantages. Provides a number of examples of where water hydraulics is replacing other systems, in particular with the use of Nessie products. Also describes other areas where the use of water hydraulics is on the increase such as oil recovery, fire-fighting, cheese making, abattoirs and sewerage service companies.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004278
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    Robot machines rapid prototype (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 17-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Describes the application of an industrial robot to the rapid prototyping of 3D CAD-defined products. Outlines the equipment and the major software issues of the fully automatic offline generation of the robot instructions. Presents performance, limitations and practical results.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439919610130328
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    Robots in the moulding shop (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 24-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A new pendant controller is one of the results from a 12-month development programme at Pressflow Automation. Presents three case studies illustrating the different benefits which three plastic moulders have derived from use of robotics.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004279
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    University education in robotics and advanced automation: a UK perspective (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 16-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Examines the development of courses in robotics and advanced automation at UK universities and describes the relationship between industry, research and the courses. Looks in detail at undergraduate courses offered by the universities of Hull, Bristol, Plymouth and Leeds Metropolitan university. Describes the pioneering postgraduate course at Cranfield University. States that the collaboration between these universities and industry and the support this collaboration provides has been essential for the viability of the courses. Concludes that the future is bright for these courses so long as they are well presented to potential students and the industrial sector remains committed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439919610110816
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    Learning by sharing: robots in school and colleges (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 25-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Discusses the difficulties of attracting students to engineering courses at universities and colleges. Examines the case of one college in mid-Anglia which decided that, to attract more students to its courses, more sophisticated technology should be made available in schools; describes the basics of a project to share robots between certain schools. Reviews the benefits achieved so far and the aims for the future (i.e. closer links with industry). Concludes that a good start has been made, but further promotion of engineering is needed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439919610110834
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    Development of partially-automated disassembly plants for regaining reusable parts (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 11-15 
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    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Recycling of glass and paper found in household refuse is recognized as environmentally desirable but, as yet, little has been done to facilitate the recycling of hard-wearing consumer goods, the majority of which are either dumped in land-fill sites or incinerated. Complex consumer durables contain a wide variety of materials, all of which must be separated before efficient recycling can take place. Reports on the Eureka CLEANTECH project which aims to find new technological solutions for cost-effective reuse of components and sub-assemblies, as well as waste reduction for products with mainly electrical and electronic components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439919610115901
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    Tool changers, collision and force sensing (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Choosing end-effectors for robotic applications can be a mind-boggling task, unless you are familiar with what is available and the appropriate application for each. Presents the XChange Tool Change system, offered by Applied Robotics, which facilitates fast and reliable end-effector changing. The system has the ability to interface virtually any utility: pneumatics, vacuum, signal level input/output, high voltage, high current electrical power, cooling fluids, hydraulic oil, fibre optics and video signals. With the increasing need for a wider variety of products manufactured in smaller quantities, quick and automatic end-effector changing is critical.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004277
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    Parallel robots perfect propellors (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 27-30 
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    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Describes the fully automatic robot cell used by Dutch propeller manufacturer Van Voorden, in particular the Multicraft 560 robot at the heart of the cell. Explains the mechanics of the robot and its applications, and benefits for companies such as Van Voorden.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439919610124424
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    Task planning in robot simulation (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial robot 23 (1996), S. 21-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-991X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Describes the approach adapted by Robot Simulations Ltd in their development of successive versions of the Workspace software package, namely to place the emphasis on using the knowledge of the geometry of the parts and machines in a production cell to automate those aspects of the traditional design method that can be performed by the computer. Also describes how some of the task planning tools embedded within robot simulation can work and what they can deliver in terms of shortening the design time of a production cell and improving the speed and quality of the production process.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439919610130337
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    Empirically assessing the impact of BPR on manufacturing firms (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 5-28 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Business process re-engineering(BPR) has been touted by many as dramatic improvements become necessary for organizations to improve competitiveness and remain strong participants in economic development. While as a concept BPR is like "motherhood and apple pie", in practice there are many unsuccessful cases. Aims to identify and rate the importance of factors proposed as important for successfully implementing BPR projects in organizations, the extent to which various problems and benefits are being encountered, the extent to which proposed BPR objectives are being included in project plans and are actually being derived, and the impact of BPR projects on specific business processes and on the organization as a whole. Tests several basic hypotheses regarding the BPR implementation process, and makes recommendations for managers to focus attention and resources on factors important to success, and to proceed in a fashion which minimizes the risk of failure.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610125750
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    The contribution of quality to business performance (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 44-62 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Quality is consistently listed as one of manufacturing's top competitive priorities and has become a prerequisite for success in the global marketplace. Quality helps a firm gain a competitive advantage by delivering goods to the marketplace that meet customer needs, operate in their intended manner, and continuously improve quality dimensions in order to "surprise and delight" the customer. While quality's significance has been emphasized for years, the contribution of quality to business performance has been largely unexplored. Results of a survey sent to the furniture industry show that quality dimensions - especially design quality and product improvement - are highly correlated with business performance. Quality remains the foundation of competitive advantage, even if a firm's short-term attention has drifted to speed-to-market, cost reduction and other concerns.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610125778
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    An investigation of service-based manufacturing performance relationships (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 29-43 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports recent findings of a two-phase study investigating new dimensions of manufacturing competitiveness, factory-based services. Examines relationships between broadly defined service role performance and manufacturing performance. Data were provided by 64 manufacturing firms from the USA, Canada and the UK. Also addresses under what conditions a vital element of such service-information would be of greatest benefit to the factory's key internal customer - marketing. A survey of manufacturing and marketing respondents within 32 organizations provides empirical evidence of the positive relationship between factory information measured as a service construct and delivery performance. Anecdotal evidence from interviews provides additional insight into the roles of organizational structure and information technology with respect to the information component of factory-based service.
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    The changing basis of performance measurement (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 63-80 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The objective of performance measurement has changed over the past few decades. Traditional performance measures based on productivity are no longer appropriate or representative of the information needs of today's competitive global market. Alternative performance systems have been proposed that range from time as the basis of all measures to the integration of a variety of performance measures. Reviews and analyses the limitations of traditional approaches to performance measurement as well as the emerging trends in performance measurement system development. Reveals that the basis of performance measurement is changing and that there are certain characteristics that are necessary in order to produce information that is relevant for improving world-class manufacturing performance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610125787
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    A prototype expert system for the evaluation and selection of potential suppliers (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 106-127 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Suggests that the evaluation and selection of potential suppliers is becoming a more important and critical decision in today's competitive operating environment. Reveals that many firms are reducing their number of suppliers and the supplier base may provide a company with a strategic competitive advantage. Explains that the supplier selection decision now involves many judgemental factors in addition to the historical selection criteria. Offers a prototype expert system which enables users to evaluate and select a potential supplier based on the strategic importance of the product involved, quantitative data and qualitative factors. The system's early validation results show its potential as an effective decision-making aid.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610151788
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    Developing creative teams for operational excellence (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 5-18 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Contends that, with the accelerating dynamics of competition and a move of organizations towards more dynamic approaches to strategy formulation and implementation, creativity becomes of key importance for achieving both product and operational excellence. Over the last decade organizations have increasingly adopted team-centred structures in order to improve the way in which knowledge is developed, disseminated and applied in organizations. Although this has improved product and operational performance dramatically, organizations now realize that future radical improvements in performance hinge on improving their creative capabilities. Presents a framework used by Hewlett-Packard in order to develop creative teams.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610106328
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    Production planning and control system developments in Germany (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 27-39 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses briefly the impact of MRP on UK manufacturing industry in the context of the next generation of developments. Draws a contrast with production planning and control systems in Germany which derive shopfloor control through different architecture of business control systems. Presents the state of these developments in Germany as analysed by a leading academic institution (the FIR at Aachen University of Technology). Compares this with UK developments, as seen by the Liverpool short-term scheduling group, which recently has analysed production planning/ scheduling practice in a range of different companies across various industry types. Offers the view that future PPC systems will be based around simple "core logic" with tailored subsystems, possibly built by manufacturing companies themselves.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610106346
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    Operational autonomy explains the value of group work in both lean and reflective production (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 171-182 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes and compares two designs of work group: those which are based on the use of standard operating procedures, as found in lean production, and those based on decentralized in-group solving of problems, as found in reflective production. Uses a Euro-Japanese example of the former and a Swedish example of the latter. Concludes that both approaches result in an operational process that runs autonomously. The approaches should be used in different situations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610197120
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    Squaring lean supply with supply chain management (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 183-196 
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    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Lean supply - the system of purchasing and supply chain management required to underpin lean production - has been characterized as "beyond partnership". Re-examines this idea, comparing the techniques which constitute lean supply with those contained in supply chain management, partnership sourcing, and strategic purchasing. The observations and conclusions are based on research principally in the automotive and electronics industries in the UK, Italy, Scandinavia, the USA and Japan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610109910
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    Templates for change with supply chain rationalization (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 197-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses how firms are seeking new templates of change to remain competitive in the face of the globalization of markets. Presents a model depicting the templates for change such as world-class manufacturing, lean production, total quality management, and business process re-engineering followed by larger firms. Identifies some of the operational changes taking place in smaller companies based on the experiences of a larger group in the West Midlands. Explains why such smaller companies are making a more fragmented response to the need for change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610109929
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  • 83
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    Lean organization, management by process and performance measurement (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 221-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Shows how the pursuit of excellence and the organizational change required by lean production leads to a management-by-process organization, and that management by process influences the performance measurement system (PMS). Uses Zanussi-Electrolux - the biggest European producer of domestic appliances - as a case study example. Provides a detailed analysis of the organizational change and its effects on performance measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610109947
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  • 84
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    Redesigning production through teamworking: Case studies from the Volvo Truck Corporation (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 103-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There has long been a debate concerning whether the technical division of labour should be structured around the individual or the group. With the developing of lean production and other forms of work organization under advanced manufacturing, teamworking has emerged as a central focus of redesigning production. However, considerable conceptual confusion remains, as well as sharply opposed models drawing on Japanese and Northern European traditions. Provides a framework for understanding the potentially different configurations of teamworking by distinguishing between technical, governance and normative dimensions. Explores these in the context of evidence from case studies of Volvo truck plants in Sweden. The variations observed in different production environments emphasize the point that there is no authentic, linear tradition, or undifferentiated package in theory or in practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610109875
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  • 85
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    Set-up reduction in pharmaceutical manufacturing: an action research study (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 4-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The Japanese approach to manufacturing has been well documented. Many European firms have successfully adopted and adapted a variety of Japanese manufacturing techniques. This paper describes how a pharmaceutical manufacturer responded to an increased requirement for manufacturing flexibility through the introduction of a key Japanese manufacturing technique, namely machine set-up time reduction. An unusual feature of the study is the use of action research. The strong emphasis on participation and collaboration inherent in action research, was felt to make it appropriate to tackling the company's capacity problem. Not only were set-up times substantially reduced, but action research demonstrated the value of all staff being involved in the problem-solving process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610110459
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  • 86
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    Implementation, problems, success and longevity of quality circle programmes: A study of 95 UK organizations (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 88-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: One problem in studying quality circles (QCs) is the shortage of objective measures of success. Another is the fact that many previous studies have been longitudinal but based on only one site. Presents results of a large sample of over 5,000 QCs which capture some longitudinal aspects of quality circle development and relate them to several objective and subjective measures of success. Contrary to previous small, longitudinal studies which have been reported in the literature, this study found no evidence at the level of organizational QC programmes to support the role of top and middle management in QC success, except for the need for management representation on steering committees. Data suggest that organizations with TQM have more successful QC programmes and (weakly) that older QC programmes are more successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610114112
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  • 87
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    Stress and satisfaction as a function of technology and supervision type (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 64-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Using two car assembly plants, investigates differences in stress and satisfaction based on: the nature of supervision (production vs maintenance); the nature of technology (traditional vs computer-based); and the combined interaction effect of supervision type and technology. The two plants had similar conditions. One plant, however, used traditional assembly line technology, while the second was based on integrated automation. The results showed that, regardless of the type of technology, maintenance supervisors expressed a significantly higher level of stress than production supervisors. Variability related to interactions of supervision and technology were significant in the case of stress and satisfaction. Discusses implications for stress reduction and increased satisfaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610113951
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  • 88
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    A contingency theoretical model of manufacturing strategy (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 74-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Manufacturing strategy has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, the development of theory is inadequate. In addition, there has been insufficient development and validation of operational measures for theoretical constructs derived from a particular conceptualization of strategy. Makes a contribution to theory development of manufacturing strategy by presenting a path analytic model which describes a sequential relationship between uncertainty, risk, manufacturing strategy and performance constructs. The manufacturing strategy constructs include both strategic content and strategic process, in which the content is specified by manufacturing flexibility and the process is specified by four organizational process variables. Using data from three types of industries with 25 manufacturers in each, it was found that both environmental uncertainty and risk taking influenced manufacturing strategy constructs, e.g. the role of the manufacturing function, manufacturing planning activities, environmental interaction and flexibility. A low level of risk taking was facilitative in the formulation of manufacturing strategy constructs. Consequently, the manufacturing strategy constructs influenced business performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610113960
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  • 89
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    Cellular manufacturing using virtual cells (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 99-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Proposes a virtual cellular manufacturing approach to implementing cellular manufacturing systems that combines the set-up efficiency typically obtained by traditional cellular manufacturing or group technology systems with the flexibility of a job shop. Unlike traditional cellular systems in which the shop is physically designed as a series of cells, cells are formed within a shop utilizing a process layout using scheduling mechanisms. The result is the formation of cells that are temporary and logical (virtual) in nature, allowing them to be more responsive to changes in demand patterns. Simulation runs comparing this approach to production using traditional cellular and job shop approaches indicate that this new approach yields significantly better shop performance over a range of operating conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610113979
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  • 90
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    Metaplanning in FMS scheduling (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 12-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents an object-oriented system for scheduling in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) with the purpose of demonstrating how the control aspects of such a system can be enhanced by using metalevel planning. Represents the objects and metaknowledge of the system using an object-oriented approach. The resulting system gives a clear, complete and comprehensive picture of the FMS environment, as well as a modular, flexible and interactive control mechanism to generate and maintain detailed FMS production schedules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610119063
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  • 91
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    Multiple-stage production planning research: history and opportunities (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 25-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Surveys multiple-stage production planning literature to reveal that this sizeable body of research is largely inspired by single-item production planning. Suggests several promising research opportunities, including the possible development of scheduling techniques not derived from older, single-item procedures. Highlights the need for further comparative testing between existing "improved" techniques, as well as the wealth of work yet to be done in multiple-stage production planning with limited resources and possible extensions to supply-chain management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610119072
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  • 92
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    Do companies need to measure their production flexibility? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 4-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Although there is a vast body of literature that attempts to define production flexibility, managers are still unable to measure the flexibility they require. However, managers currently are investing in flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) and planning their manufacturing strategies despite this. Discusses the flexibility and economic viability of FMSs, and concludes that managers do not need to measure the flexibility of an FMS in order to select the correct technical specification. Describes the factors that enable a company to achieve its strategic objectives and suggests that, although increasing flexibility is often quoted as a strategic objective, managers do not need to define or measure flexibility in manufacturing strategy planning. Flexibility just happens to be a convenient word that helps describe the fact that manufacturing facilities must be able to deal with change and uncertainty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610119054
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  • 93
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    A comparative study of line design approaches for serial production systems (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 91-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Over the past decade two approaches, just-in-time (JIT) and theory of constraints (TOC), for designing and operating production lines have developed, each claiming to be the "correct" way. In addition there are still those who maintain that line balanced (whenever possible) is the optimal method. This study uses simulation to compare each of these approaches for designing and operating production lines under various levels of processing time variability, station downtime, and total system inventory. Not surprisingly, the JIT approach appears to work best when system variability is low. The TOC approach works best when system variability is high. This shows that lines designed using TOC principles perform significantly better than JIT lines when inventory is low, and JIT lines perform significantly better than TOC lines as inventory is added to the system. The traditionally balanced line did not perform best under any of the conditions used in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610119117
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  • 94
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    Understanding the use of just-in-time purchasing in a developing country: The case of Mexico (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 16 (1996), S. 68-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Weak supplier bases and weak infrastructures pose significant obstacles to the use of just-in-time (JIT) purchasing in developing countries. Explores the use and effectiveness of JIT purchasing practices in one such developing country, Mexico, in an attempt to lay a foundation for understanding the use of JIT purchasing in developing countries in general. Analyses two distinct activities characteristic of JIT purchasing: JIT deliveries from suppliers and supplier involvement in improvement activities. Uses a large sample mail survey and comparative case studies. Indicates that both JIT deliveries and supplier involvement in improvement activities can enhance performance in Mexican operations under certain circumstances. Finds the effectiveness of pursuing JIT deliveries depends on plant and company size. Achieving high levels of supplier involvement appears to depend in part on the extent that Mexican managers have developed a network within the parent company. Provides recommendations for managers and suggestions for areas requiring further research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579610119108
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    Micro actuation and memory alloys (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 16 (1996), S. 22-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Drawing on the events of two recent motor and actuator technology conferences, reports a renewed interest in electromagnetic products. Looks, in particular, at the flat transformer which, unlike the square transformer, overcomes problems of heat generation and dissipation. Discusses the recent developments of the electrostatic micromotor and the many applications which exist for motors of this size, for instance in micro-robots and micro-grippers, and other new ideas such as the adhesive micro-gripper, the piezo-electric actuator, different shape memory alloy (SMA) profiles and applications, including a miniature inspection robot and exploitation of SMA's superelastic qualities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610151007
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    Automated dispensing in surface mount assembly (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 16 (1996), S. 30-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Explains how automated dispensers are used to deposit surface mount device adhesives, and solder paste and other "fluids". Looks at the features and capabilities of today's equipment and dispenses advice on using it effectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610151025
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  • 97
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    New slant in rapid prototyping (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 16 (1996), S. 26-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Focuses on the recent boom in research on rapid prototyping (RP), particularly in the area of eliminating the stepped surface of the RP model, as evidenced by the papers expounded at the 5th European Conference on Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing, held in Helsinki. Reports that Europe is lagging behind the USA in all aspects of RP, and relates suggestions from the conference to improve on this position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610151016
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  • 98
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    Prodel - islands of automation (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 16 (1996), S. 34-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Features the French assembly system designer, Prodel, and its UK systems integrator, Schenck Automation Systems, reporting great success with its new modular design, owing to its flexibility and simplicity. Looks at its application at Strix, a manufacturer of electric kettle switches, which is in the initial stages of introducing assembly automation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610151034
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  • 99
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    Automating water meter manufacture (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 16 (1996), S. 38-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Shows how a firm specializing in water meter manufacture (ABB Kent Messtechnik in Germany) has made use of new integrated assembly and test equipment which has meant halving its number of operators and reducing leadtimes from ten days to 40 minutes. Furthermore, it has done this without any enforced redundancies owing to the fact that workers have been assimilated in other areas of production. Posits that the speedy approach produces an operating system quicker than a fully planned one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610151043
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  • 100
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    Remploy: disabled and thriving (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 16 (1996), S. 40-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Focuses on Remploy, which seeks to find employment for disabled people. Discusses Remploy's work in PCB assembly and the role of the well-motivated staff in ensuring high-quality products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610110679
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