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  • Books  (23)
  • seismology  (23)
  • Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser  (23)
  • Geosciences  (23)
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  • Geosciences  (23)
  • 1
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismic waves ; geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: This special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media V, which was held at the Castle of Zahrádky, Czech Republic, June 5 - 9, 2000. The workshop, which was attended by about 60 seismologists from 16 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue begins with papers dealing with the study and the application of the ray methods. Problems such as coupling of quasi-shear waves or smoothing of models for effective ray computations are dealt with. Applications of the ray methods in seismic exploration are presented. Further, directional wavefield decomposition, phase space, path integral and parabolic equation methods are discussed. Attention is also devoted to attenuation and scattering problems, and to seismic inversion problems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 503 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764366773
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: seismicity ; geodynamics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume contains twenty-five research papers on seismicity patterns, their interpretation and their possible relevance to learning how to predict earthquakes. The interpretation of seismicity patterns has become somewhat controversial. Some researchers present case histories suggesting that earthquakes may be predicted by increased seismic moment release or seismic quiescence and, in general, by understanding the processes of self-organized criticality. Others deny these hypotheses. Although the problem of recognizing foreshocks in real time remains unsolved, new properties of microearthquakes as a function of time are coming to light. Computer modeling of seismicity also is advancing in sophistication and relevance. Surprisingly, b-values seem to hold substantial information about varying local conditions of earthquake generation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (524 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764362096
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismic waves ; geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: The special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic waves in laterally inhomo- geneous media IV, which was held at the Castle of Trest, Czech Republic, May 22-27, 1995. The workshop, which was attended by about 100 seismologists from more than 10 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue can be of interest for theoretical, global and explorational seismologists. The first part contains papers dealing with the study and the use of various methods of solving forward and inverse problems in complicated structures. Among other methods, discrete-wave number method, the finite-difference method, the edge-wave supperposition method and the ray method are studied and used. Most papers contained in the second part are related to the ray method. The most important topics are two-point ray tracing, grid calculations of travel times and amplitudes and seismic wave propagation in anisotropic media.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (342 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9783764356484
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geology ; geophysics ; seismology ; seismotectonics
    Description / Table of Contents: A workshop on Induced Seismicity was organized during the 27th General Assembly of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior (IASPEI) in Wellington, New Zealand during January 10-21, 1994. This volume presents a collection of 16 papers accepted for publication which accrued from this workshop. The first three papers address mining activity related to induced seismicity. The fourth paper deals with water injection induced seismic activity, while the remaining 12 papers treat several aspects of water reservoir induced earthquakes. Globally, the Koyna dam creating Shivajisagar Lake in Maharashtra, India, continues to be the most significant site of reservoir-induced earthquakes. With the increase in the number of cases of induced seismicity, there is a growing concern among planners, engineers, geophysicists and geologists to understand the environment conducive to this phenomenon. While the changes in pore-fluid pressure have been identified as the key factor in inducing earthquakes, the phenomenon itself is still poorly understood. This reality thus makes the study of the induced seismicity very important and this volume timely.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 217 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764352370
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geodynamics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Variations in seismic Q are sensitive to a much greater extent than are seismic velocity variations on factors such as temperature, fluid content, and the movement of solid state defects in the earth. For that reason an understanding of Q and its variation with position in the earth and with time should provide information in earth's tectonic evolution, as well as on aspects of its internal structure. Progress in understanding Q has suffered from difficulty in obtaining reliable amplitude data at global and temporary stations. Moreover, laboratory determinations of Q, until recently, were most often made at frequencies much higher than those measured by seismologists for waves propagating through the earth. Recent advances in seismic station distribution and quality, as well as in methodology at both high and low fequencies, have greatly improved the quality of observational data available to seismologists from global stations. Concurrent advances have been made in measuring Q using laboratory samples at frequencies that pertain to the earth and in theoretical understanding of seismic wave attenuation. Papers of this volume present new information on Q in the earth from several perspectives: methodology, results from global and regional observations of both body and surface waves, laboratory measurements, and theoretical understanding. The editors believe that we have reached a new threshold in Q studies and that advances in data quality and methodology will spur increased interest in this difficult, but interesting field.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (496 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764360498
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismicity ; geodynamics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume contains 18 papers from 8 countries dealing with different aspects of triggered and induced seismicity. In situ observations of the phenomenon include examples of seismicity due to reservoirs, hard-rock mines, coal mines, mine collapses, brine production caverns, fluid injections, and geothermal hot-dry-rock projects. High-frequency acoustic emission studies from laboratory experiments and hard-rock mines have also been reported. Besides providing case studies of previously unavailable observations of seismicity, the present volume contains investigations of the causes and source mechanism of seismic events, determination of source parameters, seismic hazard as related to the design of support systems for underground openings and procedures for closure of brine production caverns, and the use of seismic and non-destructive techniques in assessing rock damage, measuring dynamic elastic moduli and detecting discontinuities. This collection of papers provides an excellent indication of the state of the art, recent developments and outstanding challenges facing scientists and engineers in understanding the causes and alleviating the effects of induced seismicity.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (343 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764358785
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismicity ; geodynamics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: The perturbation of the earth by mankind causes earthquakes in a variety of situations. This phenomenon continues to be a major concern to engineers and scientists concerned with the mitigation of the consequences of this seismicity, as well as better understanding the processes at its origin. The present volume contains twelve papers from six countries, dealing with observations of triggered and induced seismicity in four continents. The reported cases include seismicity due to hard-rock mines, coal mines, underground research facilities for nuclear waste disposal, water injections, reservoirs, acquifers and oil fields. This volume provides case studies of previously unavailable observations of this phenomenon, investigations of the cause and source mechanism of seismic events, studies of source location distributions, determinations of seismic source parameters, cases of the use of such parameters in assessing rockburst hazard in mines, and measurements of velocity an attenuation properties of rock masses. The present collection of papers provides an excellent indication of the current state of the art and new developments in this area of research.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (233 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764360481
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology ; seismotectonics
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764327095
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquakes in shallow subduction zones account for the greatest part of seismic energy release in the Earth and often cause significant damage; in some cases they are accompanied by devastating tsunamis. Understanding the physics of seismogenic and tsunamigenic processes in such zones continues to be a challenging focus of ongoing research. The seismologic and geodetic work reported in this volume highlights the recent advances made toward quantifying and understandig the role of shallow plate coupling in the earthquake generation process. The relation between regional seismotectonics, features in the downgoing plate, and the slip distribution in earthquakes are examined for recent and great historical events. In addition to papers reporting new results, review articles on tsunami and tsunamigenic earthquakes and depth dependent plate interface properties are presented. These observational results, along with complementary laboratory and theoretical studies, can assist in assessing the seismic potential of a given region.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764361464
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: engineering ; geophysics ; mining ; monitoring technology ; seismic monitoring ; seismic tomography ; seismology ; stress re-distribution
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress re-distribution as a result of exploitation of mineral, hydrocarbon, geothermal, and water resources cannot be eliminated. The effort must be directed to a better understanding of the underlying processes for the management of the hazard and risk associated with these operations. The study of induced seismicity has continually evolved over the past couple of decades, as underlined by both the number and complexity of applied studies required to satisfy the increased economic demands, assure the safety of the workforce and equipment, and protect the environment. A considerable effort has been put into the development of passive monitoring technology, specialized products and services being available for a wide range of applications. The recording of substantial high quality seismic data has stimulated the work on theoretical and practical aspects related to these applications, involving not only seismological knowledge, but also elements of rock mechanics, and an understanding of mining, geotechnical, and petroleum engineering. Pure and Applied Geophysics has largely contributed to raising the profile of induced seismicity research and its credibility. The range of specific analyses included in the present collection of studies expresses how powerful and resourceful passive seismic monitoring has become to so many applications. Seismic data are routinely evaluated for a series of development activities specific to each application. Engineering practice is continually improved based on trials and analyses of the ground response and stress levels, confirmed through the monitoring of seismicity. We are better equipped than ever to provide management decisions based on formalized, quantitative, and thus objective assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034603058
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: IUGG Tsunami Commission ; Indian Ocean ; Pacific Ocean ; Sumatra-Andaman earthquake ; Tsunami ; seismology ; Tsunami warning system
    Description / Table of Contents: Tsunamis like the Indian Ocean tsunami caused by the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in 2004 or the Chilean earthquake in the Pacific Ocean in 1960 motivate international collaborations for the development of tsunami warning systems. Since 1960 the Tsunami Commission, established by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, has been holding a biannual International Tsunami Symposium (ITS). This volume contains 20 contributions of leading scientists mostly presented at the 22nd International Tsunami Symposium held in summer 2005 in Greece. Consolidated findings based on hydrophone records, seismometer readings, and tide gauges are presented. Reports of post-tsunami surveys and numerical simulations for tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean event, as well as geological studies of tsunamis in Japan, Central and North America are given. Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis and tsunami warning systems, among others, are described as are methods to predict tsunamis and mitigate their hazards.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764383633
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismicity ; seismology
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 199 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034856393
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismic waves ; seismology
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 191 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034863636
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismic waves ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: This is volume I of the two-volume special issue Scattering and Attenuation of Seismic Waves which will contain total 17 invited review papers and about 30 c- tributed papers. The scope and contents of the special issue are described in the following Introduction. This volume includes 21 contributed papers arranged in the following order: Scattering theory and modeling including the scattering attenuation and its separation from the intrinsic attenuation; numerical method and simulation; field observation including coda Q and surface wave Q measurement; inversion; laboratory attenuation measurement of rock samples.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 447 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034877220
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Statistical Seismology aims to bridge the gap between physics-based and statistics-based models. This volume provides a combination of reviews, methodological studies, and applications, which point to promising efforts in this field. The volume will be useful to students and professional researchers alike, who are interested in using stochastic modeling for probing the nature of earthquake phenomena, as well as an essential ingredient for earthquake forecasting.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764372958
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geodesy ; geophysics ; seismology ; seismotectonics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Azores-Tunisia region is formed by the western part of the plate boundary between Eurasia and Africa. This plate boundary presents a complex nature due to its proximity to the pole of rotation of the African plate. This condition produces crustal extensions and normal faulting at the Azores archipelago, transcurrent motion with strike slip faulting at the center part of the Azores-Gibraltar fault and at the eastern end, from the Gulf of Cadiz to Tunisia, plate convergence with reverse faulting. In this last part, the collision of Iberia with northern Morocco produces complex phenomena with intermediate depth and deep earthquakes and an extensional regime at the Alboran sea. Recently, new evidence has been gathered in this region based on observations from geology, geodesy, mainly through GPS measurements, seismology, especially with the installation of broad-band stations, and other fields of geophysics, such as paleomagnetism and gravimetry.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764370435
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geodynamics ; geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Geodynamics concerns with the dynamics of the global motion of the earth, of the motion in the earth's interior and its interaction with surface features, together with the mechanical processes in the deformation and rupture of geological structures. Its final object is to determine the driving mechanism of these motions which is highly interdisciplinary. In preparing the basic geological, geophysical data required for a comprehensive mechanical analysis, there are also many mechanical problems involved, which means the problem is coupled in a complicated manner with geophysics, rock mechanics, seismology, structural geology etc. This topical issue is Part I of the Proceedings of an IUTAM / IASPEI Symposium on Mechanics Problems in Geodynamics held in Beijing, September 1994. It addresses different aspects of mechanics problems in geodynamics involving tectonic analyses, lithospheric structures, rheology and the fracture of earth media, mantle flow, either globally or regionally, and either by forward or inverse analyses or numerical simulation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (385 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764351045
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: geodynamics ; geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Geodynamics concerns the dynamics of the earth's global motion, of the earth's interior motion and its interaction with surface features, together with the mechanical processes in the deformation and rupture of geological structures. Its final object is to determine the driving mechanism of these motions. It is highly interdisciplinary. In providing the basic geological, geophysical infromation required for a comprehensive mechanical analysis, there are also many mechanical problems involved, which means the problem is coupled intricately with geophysics, rock mechanics, seismology, structural geology, etc. This is Part II of the Proceedings of an IUTAM/IASPEI Symposium on Mechanics Problems in Geodynamics held in Beijing, September 1994. It discusses different aspects of mechanics problems in geodynamics involving the earth's rotation, tectonic analyses of various parts of the world, mineral physics and flow in the mantle, seismic source studies and wave propagation and application of the DDA method in tectonic analysis.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764354121
    Language: English
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  • 19
    Keywords: nuclear explosion monitoring ; nuclear test ban ; seismology ; acoustics
    Description / Table of Contents: This topical volume focuses on the most recent advances that have been achieved in relevant fields of research of nuclear test ban monitoring, including seismology, infrasound- and hydro-acoustics, as well as nuclear physics and atmospheric backtracking. This research has been presented during the special sessions on "Research and Development in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring" convened during the 2007 and 2008 General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). The special sessions were introduced after the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO Prepcom) had convened a scientific symposium in 2006 on "CTBT: Synergies with Science 1996-2006 and beyond" marking the tenth anniversary of the United Nations General Assembly’s adoption of the CTBT Treaty. With regard to the seismo-acoustic fields several papers provide important updates on advances made in these fields since publication of ‘Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty’ (see PAGEOPH topical volumes 158-159, 2001-2002). Moreover, this topical volume expands on these publications by including radionuclide and noble gas monitoring, as well as atmospheric transport modeling. In these two areas, significant progress has been made in recent years. Two papers studying the 2006 North Korean nuclear test elucidate how progress made in the relevant fields has allowed for a good understanding on the characteristics of this underground nuclear test.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034603706
    Language: English
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  • 20
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: civil engineering ; engineering seismology ; geodynamics ; mining ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Induced seismic events are of high scientific and economic significance. They are the result of human activities interacting with regional and local tectonics, changing the local crustal stress state by mining, extraction of rock masses, injection of fluids into the rock massif, and by changing the surface loading and pore pressure state near large reservoirs. Within Europe the study of induced seismic events has a long tradition and international scientific organizations have actively stimulated the co-operation in this field. During its General Assembly in September 1994, the European Seismological Society organized the symposium "Induced Seismic Events". The focus of this symposium was concentrated on induced events in central and eastern Europe, as well as in the former Soviet Union. The major contributions to the symposium, and also some Chinese, Canadian, and South African results are presented here. Case studies as well as data analyses and methodological studies are included. Seismologists and specialists working in the field of geohazard prevention will find much information in this volume that is pertinent to their work.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (227 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764354541
    Language: English
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  • 21
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismic waves ; geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: The special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic waves in laterally inhomogeneous media IV, which was held at the Castle of Trest, Czech Republic, May 22-27, 1995. The workshop, which was attended by about 100 seismologists from more than 10 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue can be of interest for theoretical, global and explorational seismologists. The first part contains papers dealing with the study and the use of various methods of solving forward and inverse problems in complicated structures. Among other methods, discrete-wave number method, the finite-difference method, the edge-wave supperposition method and the ray method are studied and used. Most papers contained in the second part are related to the ray method. The most important topics are two-point ray tracing, grid calculations of travel times and amplitudes and seismic wave propagation in anisotropic media.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034890496
    Language: English
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  • 22
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismology ; statistics
    Description / Table of Contents: This special issue emerged following the 2013 8th International Statistical Seismology (StatSei8) workshop in Beijing. The articles within have been collected to report on exciting new research in statistical seismology methods and applications; it contains a collection of the newest methods, techniques and results related to statistical analysis of earthquake occurrence and earthquake probability forecasting. The articles within ultimately help to define future research directions in the field. Especially, the rapid development of observation technologies has brought geophysical research into the big-data era. This includes not only non-seismicity geophysical data, such as GPS observation on surface displacement, InSAR observation of the co-seismic deformation, ionospheric observations, etc., but also extended seismological data including slow earthquakes, tremor, and VLF earthquakes. The subject of statistical seismology bridges the gap between physical and statistical models. Many significant achievements have been accomplished during the last several decades, including formulation of conditional intensity models for quantifying seismicity rates, earthquake probability forecasts, and theories related to rigorous testing of forecast models.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 322 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783319289663
    Language: English
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  • 23
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: seismology ; earthquake
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquake rupture is a process of remarkable complexity. Over the past few decades, scientists have become aware of its high variability on all scales as well as its wide dynamic range. At the same time, a thorough understanding of the seismic source process is a key element of reliable earthquake ground motion prediction. The present book contains a comprehensive collection of contributions originating from the 2012 ECGS Workshop Earthquake Source Physics on Various Scales, held in Luxembourg. The seventeen articles in this volume cover theoretical and observational aspects of the earthquake source process, ranging from tiny, laboratory-generated M -6 events to the source complexity and radiated energy of the world’s greatest earthquakes. Among other aspects, the papers provide new insights into the relationship of earthquake recurrence time with fault frictional parameters, how the results of lab-based friction experiments relate to observational source studies, and how geometrical source complexity can be quantified. In particular, several papers are devoted to the question whether small and large earthquakes scale self-similarly or if they show differences in their dynamic source characteristics, which is one of the most hotly debated aspects of modern seismology. The volume provides an integrated view of the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the earthquake source process on all scales and will be useful to students and professional researchers who are interested in these phenomena.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 330 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808675
    Language: English
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