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  • Articles  (1,467)
  • Angiosperms
  • phosphorus
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  • 1
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    Phylogeny, classification and divergence times of pygmy leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae):the earliest lepidopteran radiation on Angiosperms? (2017)
    In:  Various articles (1365-3113) vol.42 (2017) p.267
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-25
    Description: Nepticulidae represent one of the early diverging Lepidoptera lineages, and the family currently comprises over 850 described species. The larvae of the vast majority of the species are leaf miners on Angiosperms and highly monophagous, which has led to persistent ideas on coevolution with their plant hosts. We present here a molecular phylogeny based on eight gene fragments from 355 species, representing 20 out of 22 extant Nepticulidae genera. Using two fossil calibration points, we performed molecular dating to place the origin of the family in the Early Cretaceous, before the main Angiosperm diversification. Based on our results we propose a new classification, abandoning all ranks between family and genus, aswell as subgenera to allowfor a stable classification. The position of Enteucha Meyrick within Nepticulidae remains somewhat ambiguous, and the species-rich cosmopolitan genus Stigmella Schrank, with nearly half of all described Nepticulidae, requires further study. Ectoedemia Busck, Zimmermannia Hering, Acalyptris Meyrick, Etainia Beirne, Parafomoria Borkowski, Muhabbetana Koçak & Kemal and Fomoria Beirne appear to have diversified in a relatively short evolutionary period, leading to short branches in the molecular phylogeny and unclear suprageneric relations. Otherwise support values throughout the phylogeny are mostly high and the species groups, genera and higher clades are discussed in respect of their supporting morphological and life-history characters. Wing venation characters are confirmed to be mostly reliable and relevant for Nepticulidae classification, but some other previously used characters require reinterpretation. The species groups of most genera are recovered, but only partly so in the large genus Stigmella. The molecular dating results are compared with existing knowledge on the timing of the Angiosperm radiation and reveal that the diversification of Nepticulidae could largely have been contemporaneous with their hosts, although some of the genera restricted to a single plant family appear to have begun to diversify before their hosts.
    Keywords: leaf miners ; Angiosperms ; classification
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 2
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    The influence of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth of a diatom Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16382 | 12051 | 2015-03-27 10:07:19 | 16382 | Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: Nitrogen and phosphorus requirements of a chain-forming diatom, Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve, collected from Yatsushiro Sea, Japan, were investigated in a laboratory culture experiment. Sodium nitrate and sodium glycerophosphate were used as nitrogen and phosphorus sources, respectively. Cultures were grown in modified Provasoli's ASP2NTA medium (Provasoli et al. 1957) at 25±1°C, light intensity 60 µE mˉ² secˉ¹ and photoperiod 12:12-h, L:D cycle. Optimum growth was observed at nitrate concentrations of 3-10 mglˉ¹ and phosphate concentrations of 1.5-15 mglˉ¹. Adequate growth was also found at the nitrate concentration of up to as high as 300 mglˉ¹. Significantly poorer growth was found at lower nitrate (〈3.0 mglˉ¹) and higher phosphate (〉15 mglˉ¹) concentrations. From the present study, it is concluded that S. costatum can grow well at wide ranges of nitrate concentrations but is sensitive to higher phosphate concentrations.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; marine algae ; diatom ; Skeletonema costatum ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; growth rate
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 23-29
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  • 3
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    Estimation of Nutrient Load from Aquaculture Farms in Manila Bay, Philippines (2021)
    In:  ulyssesmontojo@gmail.com | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/27090 | 25026 | 2020-08-21 04:28:09 | 27090 | National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Philippines
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Waste from aquaculture is considered as one of the possible causes of water quality deterioration in Manila Bay. Aquaculture in the area accounts for almost 30% of the total production in the Philippines. This high production entails intensified application of inputs that could possibly contribute to the nutrient (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) load in the bay. Thus, estimation of the N, P and SO4 loaded from aquaculture farms is necessary to develop more responsive intervention to reduce nutrient load in Manila Bay. Water samples were collected throughout the rearing period from different aquaculture systems in Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, and Bataan. The annual estimated N and P loaded from aquaculture farms were 12, 696.66 MT and 2, 363.01 MT, respectively. Fish pens/cages recorded the highest contribution accounting for 88% N and 86% P of the total load. It can be attributed to the direct release of uneaten feeds into the bodies of water. Roughly, 12% N and 14% P were obtained from the fishponds. Furthermore, the annual SO4 loaded from fishponds was estimated at 36,917.54 MT. Results of the study suggested that there should be an extensive monitoring of the environmental impacts and annual load of aquaculture farms for the sustainable regulations and management of aquaculture activities to reduce nutrient load and improve the aquaculture production as well. Finally, strict compliance to the regulatory guidelines and ordinances must be imposed to achieve the effluent quality standards.
    Description: Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Ecology ; Environment ; Pollution ; fishponds ; fish pens/cages ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; nutrient load
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 30-39
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  • 4
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    Principales resultados en investigaciones del fitobentos marino cubano desde el CIM-UH (1970-2015). (2016)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se presentan los resultados fundamentales obtenidos en las investigaciones sobre el macrofitobentos de la plataforma marina cubana desde 1973, en el Centro de Investigaciones Marinas de la Universidad de La Habana. La mayoría se relaciona con los estudios de sistemática de macroalgas, con 159 nuevos reportes en el periodo. En ecología de fitobentos se ha trabajado en las nueve zonas de la plataforma. Se reflejan varios momentos en los estudios fitogeográficos de Cuba y zonas aledañas. También se presentan algunos de los resultados obtenidos sobre las características de las angiospermas marinas presentes en aguas cubanas y sobre el estado de conservación del ecosistema de pastos marinos, formado principalmente por Thalassia testudinum Banks ex König.
    Description: The key results of the research about the macrophytobenthos of the Cuban marine shelf since 1973, at the Center for Marine Research at the University of Havana, are presented. Most are related with systematics of macroalgae, with 159 new records in the period. Phytobenthos ecology has been worked in the nine zones of the marine shelf. Some phytogeographical studies in Cuba and adjacent zones are reflected. Some of the results on the characteristics of marine angiosperms in Cuban waters and the condition of the seagrass ecosystem, composed mainly Thalassia testudinum Banks ex König, are also presented.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; History ; Macroalgae ; Macrophytobenthos ; Seagrass meadows ; Angiospermas ; Historia ; Macroalgas ; Macrofitobentos ; Pastos marinos
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp.1-23
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  • 5
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    Macrofitobentos del sublitoral somero del municipio Playa, La Habana, Cuba. (2016)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se presenta el inventario taxonómico actualizado del macrofitobentos de la zona litoral somera del municipio Playa, La Habana, Cuba. Se realizaron recolectas mensuales en cinco sitios con diferente grado de afectación antrópica entre los años 2011 y 2014. Se muestreó en la zona sublitoral hasta 2 m de profundidad, mediante buceo en apnea. Fueron incluidas las especies del área de estudio citadas con anterioridad en la literatura, considerando solamente las encontradas hasta 5 m. En los muestreos, se registraron 50 taxones infragenéricos de macroalgas. Se identificó un nuevo registro para la zona noroccidental de la plataforma cubana: Trichogloeopsis pedicellata (M. Howe) I. A Abbott & Doty. El sitio La Francesita, acumuló el mayor número de taxones, el cual posee un nivel intermedio de enriquecimiento por nutrientes. El sitio que menor número de especies presentó fue Calle 170, aledaño al río Quibú, altamente contaminado. Al incluir las especies registradas por la literatura para la zona se alcanzó un total de 194 taxones: 90 Rhodophyta, 31 Heterokontophyta, 68 Chlorophyta, cuatro Magnoliophyta y una Cyanobacteria.
    Description: The taxonomic inventory of macrophytobenthos at the shallow littoral zone of Playa municipality, Havana, Cuba, is presented. Monthly samplings were done at five sites with different levels of anthropization, between 2011 and 2014. Sublittoral zone was sampled up to 2 m deep, with apnea-diving. Species found in the scientific literature for the study area up to 5 m deep, were included. In samplings, 50 infrageneric taxa were found. A new record for the northwestern zone of the Cuban shelf was identified: Trichogloeopsis pedicellata (M. Howe) I. A. Abbott & Doty. The Francesita site accumulates the highest value of taxa; this site has an intermediate level of nutrients enrichment. The site that has the lowest number of species was Calle 170, near the very contaminated Quibú River. When including species reported by the scientific literature, a total of 194 taxa was reach: 90 Rhodophyta, 31 Heterokontophyta, 68 Chlorophyta, cuatro Magnoliophyta and one Cyanobacteria.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Check list ; Echinometra zone ; Macroalgae ; Trichogloeopsis pedicellata ; Angiospermas ; Lista de especies ; Macroalgas ; Trichogloeopsis pedicellata ; Zona de Echinometra ; Cuba
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp.55-73
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  • 6
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    Nutritional value of some small indigenous fish species (SIS) of Bangladesh (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16419 | 12051 | 2015-03-27 09:33:44 | 16419 | Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: Twenty three small indigenous fish species (SIS) in the size range of 3-18 cm were analyzed for proximate composition and minerals (Ca and P) content to evaluate their nutritive value. The moisture content of different species ranged between 71.00 and 81.94%. In general, small sized fishes showed higher moisture content. The muscle protein content among the species varied widely (16.16-22.28%). In general, the muscle protein content of fishes showed higher value than the whole carcass protein content. The carcass lipid content varied between 1.87 and 9.55% and showed an inverse relationship with the moisture content. The gross energy content ranged from 19.51-27.30 KJ/g on dry matter basis. In the present study, the calcium and phosphorus contents ranged between 0.85-3.20% and 1.01-3.29% respectively. The calcium and phosphorus ratio (Ca/P) varied between 0.44 and 2.00. From the nutritional point of view, it shows that the SIS are good source of protein and minerals especially calcium and phosphorus
    Keywords: Fisheries ; moisture ; calcium ; nutritive value ; lipids ; phosphorus ; proteins ; ash content ; fishery products ; small indigenous fish species ; SIS ; Bangladesh
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 77-85
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  • 7
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    Influences of dietary lipid and phosphorus levels on retention and excretion of phosphorus and nitrogen in fingerlings red sea bream, Pagrus major (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/18910 | 12051 | 2015-11-28 13:28:31 | 18910 | Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-12
    Description: A laboratory based 2x3 factorial experiment was conducted for 12 weeks to investigate the influences of dietary lipid and phosphorus (P) levels on retention and excretion of phosphorus and nitrogen (N) in fingerling red sea bream. Twolevels of lipid (210 and 260 g/kg) and three levels of phosphorus (17, 14 and 12 g/kgˉ¹) in the dry diets were tested. Duplicate groups of 25 red sea bream (averageweight 3.74±0.07 g) per 60L glass tank were fed experimental diets three times a day near to satiation level at 22 to 28°C water temperature. A reduction in dietary fish meal from 500 to 300 g/kg dry diet, corresponding to a supplementation in both dietary lipid and P resulted in significant increase in both P and N retention which resulted in the reduction of their excretion by red sea bream. The overall results of the present study demonstrated that both lipid and phosphorussupplementation are necessary for developing less-polluting feed which in turn, reduce fish meal level in the diet of fingerling red sea bream. Further studies in this regard with different size and age groups of red sea bream are warranted.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; lipid ; phosphorus ; nitrogen ; excretion ; red sea bream ; Pagrus major
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 143-150
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  • 8
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    Phosphorus forms of the surface sediment in the Iranian coast of the southern Caspian Sea (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21757 | 18721 | 2017-11-30 04:48:31 | 21757 | University of Guilan, Faculty of Natural Resources, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-30
    Description: Sediments from the southern Caspian Sea, located in Iranian coast were examined on the basis of P-fractionation (five forms of phosphorus) by a sequential extraction scheme. Ninety-six surface sediment samples (for each season with triplicate) were collected from eight sampling transects in 10 and 100 m depths during summer and winter in 2010-2011. The result indicated that the most abundant forms of phosphorus were calcium bound phosphorus. Relative abundance of other forms of phosphorus follow the order: organic-P〉Fe-P〉Al-P〉Absorbed-P. The loosely absorbed phosphorus represented 〈1% of the sedimentary inorganic phosphorus, while the Fe/Al phosphorus ranged 5–6%.The calcium bound phosphorus showed considerable contribution (88%) to the sedimentary inorganic P-loads.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Environment ; Oceanography ; Pollution ; phosphorus ; surface sediment ; Caspian Sea ; Iranian coast ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 141-151
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  • 9
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    Nutrients and biological production in lakes (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3660 | 424 | 2011-09-29 17:00:25 | 3660 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This paper is a review of studies on effects of nutrients on biological productivity and efforts made so far at restoration of nutrients in lakes. It is to provide an understanding of the basis scientific process accruing in lakes, therefore of prime importance in maintaining water quality standards for propagation of effective lake management
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Environment ; Nigeria ; inland water environment ; lakes ; limiting factors ; nitrogen ; nutrients (mineral) ; phosphorus ; restoration
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 66-70
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  • 10
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    The use of continuous low-level alum injection to reduce soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations in the Lake Apopka Marsh Flow-way: final report (2021)
    St. Johns River Water Management District | Palatka, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25 | 7 | 2011-09-29 22:42:04 | 25
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The St. Johns Water Management District (SJRWMD) is utilizing several approaches to remove phosphorus (P) from Lake Apopka waters in an effort to improve the trophic status of the lake. One approach involves operation of a “recycle treatment wetland”, in which lake water is fed through a large constructed wetland for treatment, and then discharged back into the lake. The wetland, designated the Apopka Marsh Flow-Way, serves as a filter and settling basin for the particulate-laden lake waters. In 2005, the SJRWMD commissioned DB Environmental, Inc. to design and construct the infrastructure for dosing alum at two locations within the Apopka Marsh Flow-Way. The overall goal of this project was two-fold: first, to assess the utility of an inflow or midregion low-dose alum application for enhancing total P and/or SRP removal by the Marsh Flow-Way; and second, to evaluate the effectiveness of the wetland in attenuating export of the dosed aluminum. This report describes the findings from these two injection trials. (93pp.)
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Environment ; alum ; water quality ; phosphorus ; eutrophication ; lake restoration ; Lake Apopka ; Florida ; wetlands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 11
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    Nutrient salts in the United Arab Emirates waters (the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19030 | 12051 | 2015-12-11 11:56:58 | 19030 | University of Karachi. Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: This paper deals with the levels and distributions of nutrient salts in the United Arab Emirates waters. Water samples were collected bimonthly during 1994-1995 from the marine environment of the United Arab Emirates, which extends more than 800km along the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Concentrations of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, as well as total concentrations of total dissolved nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon in the area were scattered in the ranges: (ND-6.32; mean: 0.84 µg-at N/l), ND-3.02; mean: 0.42 µg-at N/l), (ND-10.88; mean: 1.18 µg-at N/1), (ND-4.22; mean: 0.62 µg-at P/l), (1.14-28.80; mean: 6.52 µg-at Si/l), (1.52-39.58; mean: 12.28 µg-at N/l), (0.40-4.98; mean: 1.07 µg-at P/l), and (2.77-44.74; mean: 13.02 Si/l) respectively. Of inorganic nitrogen species, ammonium was the highest in the Arabian Gulf waters and nitrate was the highest at the Gulf of Oman. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen total species, phosphate and silicate amounted to 16.4, 47.6, 56.5% respectively, of the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon in the Arabian Gulf and 22.6, 64.4, 44.9% respectively, in the Gulf of Oman, indicating that more than 80% of nitrogen was present in organic forms. Distributions of nutrient in the two regions were higher in the summer season and lower in the winter season due to the oxidation of organic materials. Regional distributions revealed higher values for nitrite (1.3 times), nitrate (2.8 times), phosphate (2.2 times), total dissolved nitrogen (1.3 times), total dissolved phosphorus (1.6 times), and total dissolved silicon (1.3 times) in the Gulf of Oman compared to the Arabian Gulf, indicating more oligotrophic conditions at the Arabian Gulf Whereas no distinct patterns of distribution were observed in the Arabian Gulf waters, an increase in the seaward direction was measured at the Gulf of Oman. Vertical distributions indicated a general increase with depth in the two regions. The mean ratios for total concentrations of phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon in the Arabian Gulf (1: 11.6: 12.6) and the Gulf of Oman (1: 10.1: 11.8) were lower than the Redfield ratio.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; nutrient salts ; nitrite ; nitrate ; phosphate ; silicate ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; silicon ; sea waters ; Arabian Gulf ; Gulf of Oman
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-9
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  • 12
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    Phosphonate production by marine microbes: exploring new sources and potential function (2022)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-10
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Acker, M., Hogle, S. L., Berube, P. M., Hackl, T., Coe, A., Stepanauskas, R., Chisholm, S. W., & Repeta, D. J. Phosphonate production by marine microbes: exploring new sources and potential function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(11), (2022): e2113386119, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113386119.
    Description: Phosphonates are organophosphorus metabolites with a characteristic C-P bond. They are ubiquitous in the marine environment, their degradation broadly supports ecosystem productivity, and they are key components of the marine phosphorus (P) cycle. However, the microbial producers that sustain the large oceanic inventory of phosphonates as well as the physiological and ecological roles of phosphonates are enigmatic. Here, we show that phosphonate synthesis genes are rare but widely distributed among diverse bacteria and archaea, including Prochlorococcus and SAR11, the two major groups of bacteria in the ocean. In addition, we show that Prochlorococcus can allocate over 40% of its total cellular P-quota toward phosphonate production. However, we find no evidence that Prochlorococcus uses phosphonates for surplus P storage, and nearly all producer genomes lack the genes necessary to degrade and assimilate phosphonates. Instead, we postulate that phosphonates are associated with cell-surface glycoproteins, suggesting that phosphonates mediate ecological interactions between the cell and its surrounding environment. Our findings indicate that the oligotrophic surface ocean phosphonate pool is sustained by a relatively small fraction of the bacterioplankton cells allocating a significant portion of their P quotas toward secondary metabolism and away from growth and reproduction.
    Description: This work was supported in part by grants from the NSF (OCE-1153588 and DBI-0424599 to S.W.C.; OCE-1335810 and OIA-1826734 to R.S.; and OCE-1634080 to D.J.R.), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (no. 6000 to D.J.R.), and the Simons Foundation (Life Sciences Project Award IDs 337262 and 647135 to S.W.C.; 510023 to R.S.; and Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology [SCOPE] Award ID 329108 to S.W.C. and D.J.R.).
    Keywords: phosphonate ; Prochlorococcus ; marine ; biogeochemistry ; phosphorus
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 13
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    Phylogeny, classification and divergence times of pygmy leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae):the earliest lepidopteran radiation on Angiosperms? (2017)
    In:  Systematic Entomology vol. 42, pp. 267-287
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Nepticulidae represent one of the early diverging Lepidoptera lineages, and the family currently comprises over 850 described species. The larvae of the vast majority of the species are leaf miners on Angiosperms and highly monophagous, which has led to persistent ideas on coevolution with their plant hosts. We present here a molecular phylogeny based on eight gene fragments from 355 species, representing 20 out of 22 extant Nepticulidae genera. Using two fossil calibration points, we performed molecular dating to place the origin of the family in the Early Cretaceous, before the main Angiosperm diversification. Based on our results we propose a new classification, abandoning all ranks between family and genus, aswell as subgenera to allowfor a stable classification. The position of Enteucha Meyrick within Nepticulidae remains somewhat ambiguous, and the species-rich cosmopolitan genus Stigmella Schrank, with nearly half of all described Nepticulidae, requires further study. Ectoedemia Busck, Zimmermannia Hering, Acalyptris Meyrick, Etainia Beirne, Parafomoria Borkowski, Muhabbetana Ko\xc3\xa7ak & Kemal and Fomoria Beirne appear to have diversified in a relatively short evolutionary period, leading to short branches in the molecular phylogeny and unclear suprageneric relations. Otherwise support values throughout the phylogeny are mostly high and the species groups, genera and higher clades are discussed in respect of their supporting morphological and life-history characters. Wing venation characters are confirmed to be mostly reliable and relevant for Nepticulidae classification, but some other previously used characters require reinterpretation. The species groups of most genera are recovered, but only partly so in the large genus Stigmella. The molecular dating results are compared with existing knowledge on the timing of the Angiosperm radiation and reveal that the diversification of Nepticulidae could largely have been contemporaneous with their hosts, although some of the genera restricted to a single plant family appear to have begun to diversify before their hosts.
    Keywords: leaf miners ; Angiosperms ; classification
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 14
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    A comprehensive phylogeny of beetles reveals the evolutionary origins of a superradiation (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-22
    Description: Beetles represent almost one-fourth of all described species, and knowledge about their relationships and evolution adds to our understanding of biodiversity. We performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Coleoptera inferred from three genes and nearly 1900 species, representing more than 80% of the world's recognized beetle families. We defined basal relationships in the Polyphaga supergroup, which contains over 300,000 species, and established five families as the earliest branching lineages. By dating the phylogeny, we found that the success of beetles is explained neither by exceptional net diversification rates nor by a predominant role of herbivory and the Cretaceous rise of angiosperms. Instead, the pre-Cretaceous origin of more than 100 present-day lineages suggests that beetle species richness is due to high survival of lineages and sustained diversification in a variety of niches.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hunt, Toby -- Bergsten, Johannes -- Levkanicova, Zuzana -- Papadopoulou, Anna -- John, Oliver St -- Wild, Ruth -- Hammond, Peter M -- Ahrens, Dirk -- Balke, Michael -- Caterino, Michael S -- Gomez-Zurita, Jesus -- Ribera, Ignacio -- Barraclough, Timothy G -- Bocakova, Milada -- Bocak, Ladislav -- Vogler, Alfried P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1913-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Animals ; Beetles/anatomy & histology/*classification/*genetics/physiology ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Feeding Behavior ; Fossils ; Genes, Insect ; Gymnosperms ; *Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 15
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    Fossil pollen as a guide to conservation in the Galapagos (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-22
    Description: Paleoecological evidence from the past 8000 years in the Galapagos Islands shows that six presumed introduced or doubtfully native species (Ageratum conyzoides, Borreria laevis/Diodia radula-type, Brickellia diffusa, Cuphea carthagenensis, Hibiscus diversifolius, and Ranunculus flagelliformis) are in fact native to the archipelago. Fossil pollen and macrofossils from four sites in the highlands of Santa Cruz Island reveal that all were present thousands of years before the advent of human impact, refuting their classification as introduced species. These findings have substantial implications not only for conservation in Galapagos but for the management of introduced species and pantropical weeds in general.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F N -- Froyd, Cynthia A -- van der Knaap, W O -- Coffey, Emily E -- Tye, Alan -- Willis, Katherine J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 21;322(5905):1206. doi: 10.1126/science.1163454.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Plant Sciences and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19023075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology/methods ; Ecosystem ; Ecuador ; *Fossils ; Humans ; *Pollen
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    The impact of climate change on the world's marine ecosystems (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-19
    Description: Marine ecosystems are centrally important to the biology of the planet, yet a comprehensive understanding of how anthropogenic climate change is affecting them has been poorly developed. Recent studies indicate that rapidly rising greenhouse gas concentrations are driving ocean systems toward conditions not seen for millions of years, with an associated risk of fundamental and irreversible ecological transformation. The impacts of anthropogenic climate change so far include decreased ocean productivity, altered food web dynamics, reduced abundance of habitat-forming species, shifting species distributions, and a greater incidence of disease. Although there is considerable uncertainty about the spatial and temporal details, climate change is clearly and fundamentally altering ocean ecosystems. Further change will continue to create enormous challenges and costs for societies worldwide, particularly those in developing countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove -- Bruno, John F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1523-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1189930.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ocean and Coasts Program, Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. oveh@uq.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20558709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Climate Change ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Oceans and Seas ; Policy Making ; Population Dynamics ; *Seawater ; Temperature ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Effects of rapid global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary on neotropical vegetation (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-13
    Description: Temperatures in tropical regions are estimated to have increased by 3 degrees to 5 degrees C, compared with Late Paleocene values, during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56.3 million years ago) event. We investigated the tropical forest response to this rapid warming by evaluating the palynological record of three stratigraphic sections in eastern Colombia and western Venezuela. We observed a rapid and distinct increase in plant diversity and origination rates, with a set of new taxa, mostly angiosperms, added to the existing stock of low-diversity Paleocene flora. There is no evidence for enhanced aridity in the northern Neotropics. The tropical rainforest was able to persist under elevated temperatures and high levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, in contrast to speculations that tropical ecosystems were severely compromised by heat stress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaramillo, Carlos -- Ochoa, Diana -- Contreras, Lineth -- Pagani, Mark -- Carvajal-Ortiz, Humberto -- Pratt, Lisa M -- Krishnan, Srinath -- Cardona, Agustin -- Romero, Millerlandy -- Quiroz, Luis -- Rodriguez, Guillermo -- Rueda, Milton J -- de la Parra, Felipe -- Moron, Sara -- Green, Walton -- Bayona, German -- Montes, Camilo -- Quintero, Oscar -- Ramirez, Rafael -- Mora, German -- Schouten, Stefan -- Bermudez, Hermann -- Navarrete, Rosa -- Parra, Francisco -- Alvaran, Mauricio -- Osorno, Jose -- Crowley, James L -- Valencia, Victor -- Vervoort, Jeff -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 12;330(6006):957-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1193833.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama. jaramilloc@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21071667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Atmosphere ; Biodiversity ; Carbon Dioxide ; Colombia ; *Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; *Global Warming ; *Plants ; Pollen ; Spores ; Temperature ; Time ; *Trees ; *Tropical Climate ; Venezuela
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 18
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    Short-term starvation effects on nitrogen and phosphorus excretion by the chaetognath Sagitta enflata
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 13 (1981), S. 691-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 0302-3524
    Keywords: Chaetognatha ; Hawaii coast ; excretion ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; starvation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0302-3524(81)80050-3
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    Excretion of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus in Tropical Brackish Waters
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 12 (1981), S. 511-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0302-3524
    Keywords: Ivory Coast ; brackish waters ; excretion ; organic compounds ; phosphorus ; tropical regions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0302-3524(81)80078-3
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    Phosphorus in suspended sediments of the Amazon River
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 11 (1980), S. 383-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0302-3524
    Keywords: Atlantic Ocean tropical ; chemical analysis ; estuaries ; phosphorus ; primary productivity ; river discharges ; suspended sediments
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0302-3524(80)80063-6
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    Concentration and temperature dependence of diluent dynamics studied by line shape experiments on a phosphate ester in polycarbonate
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 2 (1993), S. 289-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0926-2040
    Keywords: diluents ; dynamics ; phosphorus ; polymers
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-2040(83)90001-2
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    Determination of phosphorus in cereal lipids
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytical Biochemistry 154 (1986), S. 420-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Keywords: cereal ; determination ; lipids ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(86)90008-4
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    XPS investigation of passive films on amorphous FeCr alloys
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Electrochimica Acta 37 (1992), S. 2269-2276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0013-4686
    Keywords: XPS ; boron ; passivity ; phosphorus ; surface analysis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0013-4686(92)85122-2
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    Substrate peroxidation patterns in vascular plants and their modification by exposure to mercury vapour
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 26 (1987), S. 2943-2947 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; mercury vapour. ; peroxidase ; stress
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)84567-7
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    Mevalonic acid concentrations in fruit and vegetable tissues
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 14 (1975), S. 1643 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; fruits ; mevalonic acid concentration.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9422(75)85369-6
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    Metabolism, enzymology and possible roles of 4-aminobutyrate in higher plants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 29 (1990), S. 367-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: 4-aminobutyrate ; Angiosperms ; accumulation ; enzymes ; metabolism ; shunt pathway.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9422(90)85081-P
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    Structural determination of secondary alcohols from plant epicuticular waxes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 15 (1976), S. 1768-1770 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; GC-MS ; TMSi ethers ; epicuticular waxes ; gymnosperms ; secondary alcohols ; structural determination ; ultrastructure.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)97477-6
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    Microspectrophotometric measurement of pH and pH effect on color of petal epidermal cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 14 (1975), S. 937-942 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; absorbance. ; cellular pH ; flavonoids ; flower colour ; indicator dye ; microspectrophotometer ; spectra
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9422(75)85162-4
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    The metabolism of gallic acid and hexahydroxydiphenic acid in plants: Biogenetic and molecular taxonomic considerations
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 21 (1982), S. 1049-1062 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; biogenesis. ; gallic acid metabolism ; taxonomy
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)82415-2
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    Taxonomic distribution of isoenzymes of dehydroquinate hydrolyase in the angiosperms
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 16 (1977), S. 919-922 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: 5-dehydroquinate hydrolyase ; Angiosperms ; isoenzymes ; molecular evolution. ; monocotyledons ; regulatory patterns ; shikimate pathway
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Peroxidase and amylase isoenzymes in the sapwood and heartwood of trees
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 21 (1982), S. 2401-2402 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Gymnosperms ; amylase ; heartwood ; isozymes. ; peroxidase ; sapwood
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9422(82)85215-1
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    Activation and alteration of plant and fungal polyphenoloxidase isoenzymes in sodium dodecylsulfate electrophoresis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 23 (1984), S. 2723-2725 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; activation. ; electrophoresis ; fungi ; polyphenoloxidase ; sodium dodecylsulfate
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9422(84)83003-4
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    Arabinogalactans are common components of angiosperm styles
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 23 (1984), S. 1571-1573 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Yariv antigens. ; arabinogalactan-proteins ; arabinogalactans ; style components
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Steroid hormones and plant growth and development
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 17 (1978), S. 1-14 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; corticosteroids. ; flowering ; plant growth ; sex hormones ; steroid hormones
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)89671-5
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    Screening for flavonol 3-glycoside specific β-glycosidases in plants using a spectrophotometric enzymatic assay
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 17 (1978), S. 873-877 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; flavonol 3-glycosides ; peroxidase ; plant screening. ; spectrophotometric assay ; β-glycosidases
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Lactone-forming acids in succulent plants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 14 (1975), S. 1868-1870 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; distribution. ; glucaric acid ; isocitric acid ; phorbic acid ; quinic acid ; succulent plants
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Quaternary ammonium compounds in plants in relation to salt resistance
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 16 (1977), S. 447-453 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; betaine ; glycine ; glycophytes and halophytes ; inorganic ions ; proline ; quaternary ammonium compounds ; salt resistance.
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Occurrence of shikimic and quinic acids in angiosperms
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 14 (1975), S. 195-197 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; alicyclic acid metabolism ; chemotaxonomy. ; quinic acid ; shikimic acid
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    L-lactate dehydrogenase from leaves of higher plants. Occurrence and metabolism of lactate under aerobic conditions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 22 (1983), S. 1341-1344 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; glycolate oxidase ; lactate dehydrogenase ; lactate metabolism.
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Indole-metabolizing enzyme systems in tropical plants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 24 (1985), S. 973-975 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; indole-metabolizing enzymes. ; leaves ; tropical plants
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Floral scents-a checklist of volatile compounds isolated by head-space techniques
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 33 (1993), S. 253-280 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; _ head-space methods ; benzenoids ; chemical composition ; fatty-acid derivatives ; floral scent ; gymnosperms ; isoprenoids ; nitrogen-containing compounds ; phenylpropanoids ; sulphur compounds. ; volatile compounds
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
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    Co-factor specificity of plant alcohol dehydrogenase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 12 (1973), S. 307-314 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Cucurbitaceae ; Cucuumis melo ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; cofactor specificity ; enzymic properties.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
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    2-C-Methylaldotetronic acid, a new lactone-forming acid present in plants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 19 (1980), S. 543-545 
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    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: 2-C-methylaldotetronic acid ; 2-C-methylerythronic acid. ; Angiosperms ; lactone-forming acid
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    Manure P fractionation
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Bioresource Technology 49 (1994), S. 149-155 
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    ISSN: 0960-8524
    Keywords: Manure ; feces ; fractionation ; inorganic ; organic ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(94)90078-7
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    Gross primary production and nutrient behaviour in a shallow coastal environment
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Bioresource Technology 47 (1994), S. 59-66 
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    ISSN: 0960-8524
    Keywords: Macroalgae ; net-gross primary production ; nutrient fluxes-turnover-balance ; particulate material ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(94)90029-9
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    Effect of various chloride salts on the utilization of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 1 (1990), S. 542-548 
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    ISSN: 0955-2863
    Keywords: bioavailability ; calcium ; chloride ; lysine ; magnesium ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Seasonal variation in amphibian phosphate metabolism and its relation to parathyroid structure and function
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 43 (1972), S. 911-925 
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    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Amphibian ; Rana pipiens ; annual rhythm ; anuran ; blood ; calcium ; cell death ; frog ; heterotherm ; kidney ; mineral metabolism ; parathormone ; parathyroid ; phosphorus ; plasma ; temperature ; urine
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(72)90163-6
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    Changes in the concentration of calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphate in the plasma of chick (gallus gallus L.) embryos during incubation
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 52 (1975), S. 515-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; calcium ; calcium homoeostasis ; magnesium ; phosphorus ; plasma
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(75)80074-0
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  • 49
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    Calcium and phosphorus in the skeleton and blood of the lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa, with comment on humoral factors in calcium homeostasis in the osteichthyes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 42 (1972), S. 393-396+IN11-IN12+397-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: 25-hydroxy-cholycalciferol ; Acipenser transmontanus ; Dipnoi ; Holostei ; Lepidosiren paradoxa ; Lepidosteus platostomus ; Neoceratodus forsteri ; Oncorhynchus tschawytscha ; Osteichthyes ; Polyodon spathula ; Polypterus weeksi ; Protopterus annectens ; Teleostei ; X-ray diffraction of bone ; bone apatite ; bone mineral ; calcitonin ; calcium ; calcium homeostasis ; estrogen ; estrogens ; lungfish skeleton ; paddlefish ; parathyroid extract ; phosphorus ; plasma protein ; protein ; salmon ; sturgeon ; total ions ; vitamin D
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(72)90119-3
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  • 50
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    Changes in the concentration of calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphate in the plasma of chick (gallus gallus L.) embryos during incubation
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 52 (1975), S. 515-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; calcium ; calcium homoeostasis ; magnesium ; phosphorus ; plasma
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(75)80074-0
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    Biochemical studies on red muscles of the gastropod Pila virens, with a note on its histochemistry
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 44 (1973), S. 1157-1158+IN3+1159-1162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Gastropod muscle ; fuel reserves ; glycogen ; histochemical localizations ; iron ; lipids ; myoglobin ; phosphorus ; radular and triturative stomach muscle ; repetitive activity ; submerged feeding ; tissue respiration
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(73)90254-5
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  • 52
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    Interactions of Ca, P, Zn and alkaline phosphatase in the chick-III. Effects of dietary phosphate, NaCl and theophylline
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 48 (1974), S. 663-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Gallus domesticus ; alkaline phosphatase ; calcium ; dietary NaCl ; dietary phosphate ; dietary theophylline ; duodenal mucosa ; mineral-phosphatase relationships ; mucosal nuclei ; phosphorus ; plasma ; tibial ash ; tissue minerals ; zinc
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(74)90609-4
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  • 53
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    Phosphorus leaching in soils amended with piggery effluent or lime residues from effluent treatment
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 84 (1994), S. 227-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Keywords: leaching ; lime residue ; phosphorus ; piggery effluent ; struvite
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90133-3
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  • 54
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    Phosphorus removal from piggery effluents of varying quality using lime and physico-chemical treatment methods
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 84 (1994), S. 237-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Keywords: lime ; phosphorus ; physico-chemical treatment ; piggery effluent
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90134-1
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  • 55
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    A Simple Heuristic Model of Nutrient Cycling in an Estuary
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 37 (1993), S. 145-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: U.S.A. west coast ; model ; nitrogen ; nutrient limitation ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1993.1048
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  • 56
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    Phosphorus Distribution in the Sediments of the Hooghly (Ganges) Estuary, India
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 37 (1993), S. 603-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: India coast ; estuary ; phosphorus ; sediments
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1993.1076
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  • 57
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    Inorganic Nutrient and Carbon Controlled Bacterioplankton Growth in the Baltic Sea
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 37 (1993), S. 271-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: Baltic Sea ; ammonia ; bacterioplankton ; control ; phosphorus ; sucrose
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1993.1056
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  • 58
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    Seasonal Variability and Biogeochemistry of Phosphorus in the Scheldt Estuary, South-west Netherlands
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 39 (1994), S. 227-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: Scheldt Estuary ; biogeochemistry ; estuaries ; phosphorus ; seasonal variability
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1994.1061
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  • 59
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    Modeling phosphorus cycling in a well-mixed coastal plain estuary
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 35 (1992), S. 235-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: Delaware Bay ; estuaries ; mass balance ; models ; phosphorus ; regeneration
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80046-0
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    Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Zostera noltii Hornem. and its Contribution to the Release of Phosphate in the Palmones River Estuary
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 39 (1994), S. 461-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase activity ; Palmones river estuary ; Spain coast ; Zostera noltii ; light ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1994.1076
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  • 61
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    Leaching of applied phosphorus in container media
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 22 (1984), S. 275-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: adsorbtion ; fixation ; leaching ; nutrition ; phosphorus ; substrate
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(84)90061-X
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    Effects of pretransplant nutrient conditioning on elemental accumulation in tomato seedlings
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 52 (1992), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: Concentration ; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ; fertilization ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; transplant
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(92)90003-U
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  • 63
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    Response of tomato seeds fluid-drilled in low-phosphorus growth media to phosphorus incorporation in the carrier gel
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 33 (1987), S. 37-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ; fluid-drilling ; gels ; germination ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(87)90030-6
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    Effects of phosphorus fertiliser levels on phosphorus accumulation, growth and yield of hybrid squash in the field
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 34 (1988), S. 201-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: Cucurbita maxima L. 'Delica' ; dry weight ; growth rates ; hybrid squash ; leaf area index ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(88)90093-3
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    Free amino acids from pollens
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 8 (1980), S. 77-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; free amino acids ; gymnosperms ; pollens
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-1978(80)90030-7
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    Organic acids and minerals in the bones of lower vertebrates
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 46 (1973), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Keywords: Bone mineral ; Cyprinus carpio ; Lacerta vivipara ; Lucioperca luciopera ; Perca fluviatilis ; Rana temporaria ; calcium ; citric acid ; hibernation ; lactic acid ; phosphorus ; pyruvic acid
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-0491(73)90043-6
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    Flavonoid analysis of european species of the genus Hypochoeris (Asteraceae)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 19 (1991), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Hypochoeris ; chemotaxonomy ; flavonoids ; isoetin ; polyploid complex ; secondary metabolism
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-1978(91)90039-3
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    Autumn carotenoids in the leaves of some trees
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 14 (1986), S. 203-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; apo-12'-violaxanthal ; apocarotenols ; autumn colouring ; carotenoids ; epoxides ; tree leaves
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-1978(86)90063-3
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    Variability of soluble seed proteins, peroxidase and leucine aminopeptidase, in populations of Juglans nigra
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 2 (1974), S. 59-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Juglandaceae ; Juglans nigra ; black walnut ; leucine aminopeptidase ; peroxidase ; polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis ; soluble seed protein ; starch gel electrophoresis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-1978(74)90005-2
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    Season and fertilization affect the post-harvest flower life of anthurium
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 49 (1992), S. 125-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; pre-harvest ; vase life
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(92)90149-7
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    Ni–Zn–P alloy deposition from sulfate bath: inhibitory effect of zinc (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 1171-1176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alloys ; cyclic voltammetry ; electrodeposition ; electroless deposition ; nickel ; phosphorus ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electroless Ni–Zn–P alloy deposition from a sulphate bath, containing sodium hypophosphite as reducer, was investigated. To increase the plating rate, the deposition parameters were optimized. The effect of process parameters (T, pH and [Zn2+]) on the plating rate and deposit composition was examined and it was found that the presence of zinc in the bath has an inhibitory effect on the alloy deposition. As a consequence, the percentage of zinc in the electroless Ni–Zn–P alloys never reaches high values. Using cyclic voltammetry the electrodeposition mechanism of Ni–Zn–P alloys was investigated. It was observed that the zinc deposition inhibits the nickel discharge and, as a consequence, its catalytic activity on hypophosphite oxidation. It was also found that increase in temperature or pH leads to the deposition of nickel rich alloys.
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    Structure of (meso-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato) dichlorophosphorus(V) chloride, [P(tpp)Cl2]+Cl− (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Octahedral ; phosphorus ; chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound [P(tpp)Cl2]+Cl− crystallizes in the space group P21/n witha=10.701(2),b=24.860(2),c=14.799(2), β=94.24(2)°,Z=4. The phosphorus atom has an octahedral coordination geometry formed by the four nitrogen atoms (Np) of the porphyrinato group and the two chloride ions. The average phosphorus-chloride distance is 2.150(1) Å, with phosphorus situated 0.006 Å below the porphyrin ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665175
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    Electrochemical characterization of Fe-Ni-P alloy electrodeposition (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 1198-1206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alloy ; amorphous ; anomalous ; hydrogen ; iron ; nickel ; phosphorus ; plating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this study we have investigated the electrodeposition of amorphous iron–nickel–phosphorus alloys from a sulfate electrolyte. Fe-Ni alloys are known to exhibit an ’anomalous‘ type of plating behaviour in which deposition of the less noble metal is favoured. We have found that the codeposition of phosphorus from hypophosphite in the electrolyte led to a reversal to a ’normal‘ behaviour. This reversal was due both to the suppression of iron and enhancement of nickel partial currents. The overall deposition process is dominated by the hydrogen evolution reaction. This is exacerbated by the low pH needed to codeposit sufficient phosphorus to achieve an amorphous structure.
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    Microstructural characterization and corrosion resistance of Ni–Zn–P alloys electrolessly deposited from a sulphate bath (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 637-645 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alloys ; electroless ; microstructure ; morphology ; nickel ; phosphorus ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electroless Ni–Zn–P alloy coatings were obtained on an iron substrate from a sulfate bath at various pH values. The effects of changes in bath pH on alloy composition, morphology, microstructure and corrosion resistance were studied. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to observe the morphological change of the deposits with bath pH. Coating crystallinity was investigated by grazing incidence asymmetric Bragg X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. A transition from an amorphous to polycrystalline structure was observed on increasing the bath alkalinity, and thus decreasing the phosphorus content of the alloys. A single crystalline phase corresponding to face-centred-cubic nickel was identified in the alloys obtained from a strong alkaline solution. An increase in zinc percentage up to 23% in the deposits does not change the f.c.c. nickel crystalline structure. Corrosion potential and polarization resistance measurements indicated that the corrosion resistance of electroless Ni–Zn–P alloys depends strongly on the microstructure and chemical composition. The deposits obtained at pH 9.0–9.5 and with 11.4–12.5% zinc and 11.8–11.2% phosphorous exhibited the best corrosion resistance.
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    Surface acid property and its relation to SCR activity of phosphorus added to commercial V2O5(WO3)/TiO2 catalyst (1998)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 53 (1998), S. 65-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: selective catalytic reduction ; nitric oxide reduction ; phosphorus ; acid property
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract To examine the influence of phosphorus on the commercial V2O5(WO3)/TiO2 SCR catalyst, measurements were carried out by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and NO reduction measurement as a function of phosphorus loading. Phosphorus added to the catalyst was found to disperse well over the catalyst without a significant agglomeration up to 5 wt% P2O5 addition. The number of the hydroxyl groups bonded to the vanadium and titanium species decreased readily with increasing amount of phosphorus. Correspondingly, the hydroxyl groups bonded to the phosphorus species were formed. NH3 adsorbed on both hydroxyl groups bonded to vanadium and phosphorus as ammonium ions, implying that the P–OH groups formed are also responsible for the Brønsted acidity. The NO reduction activity was found to be decreased with increasing amount of phosphorus; however, the influence of phosphorus was relatively small irrespective of the large amount of phosphorus addition. The deactivation might be caused by the change in the nature of the surface hydroxyl groups as Brønsted acid sites. Phosphorus species might partially wrap the surface V=O and W=O groups, which might also contribute to the deactivation.
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    The ecosystem of a mesotrophic lake-II. Interactions among nutrient load, river flow, and epilimnion depth (1991)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 53 (1991), S. 263-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Lake ecosystem ; chl-a ; phosphorus ; nitrogen ; river flow ; thermocline ; simulation model ; multiple regression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The management variables which primarily affect phytoplankton biomass (as chl-a) in Lake Mjøsa, Norway, are total phosphorus loading (TP) and the timing and volume of water through flow (by active storage reservoirs). The response of the lake to changes in these factors is studied using a simulation model of the lake ecosystem. Chl-a responses from both observed data and the simulated results are extracted by multiple regression. Results show that decreasing TP load decreases chl-a, but less at low TP levels (〈 10 mg TP · m−3). There is also a certain time period for peak river flow which gives the least yield of chl-a per unit TP. This time period occurs in early summer (i.e., around June 10) if the total phosphorus load is low, and later if the load is high. Both observations and simulation results show that a high water flow increases chl-a at low epilimnion depths (〈 15 m), but that the same high water flow decreases chl-a when epilmnion is deep.
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    The short term response to eutrophication abatement (1990)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 52 (1990), S. 199-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Eutrophication ; lake management ; phosphorus ; ecosystem ; chlorophyll-a ; mathematical modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We compare results of a new model for predicting the short term inter annual changes in chlorophyll-a (chl-a) in lakes after reductions in total phosphorus (TP) to predictions made by least squares regression models. In the new method, slopes of chl-a/TP graphs (both axes in mg · m−3) are depicted in frequency diagrams and used to extract information on the expected, short term chl-a/TP response. The short term response for nine shallow (〈 10 m deep) and nutrient rich lakes to changes in TP was found to be: Chl-a = 0.49 · TP + 17.3, and for nine deep, P-limited lakes: Chl-a = 0.08 · TP + 3.5. If the TP-reduction is known to be greater than 10 mg · m−3, the expected slope increases to 0.58 for shallow lakes and to 0.26 for deep lakes. The slope, 0.58, is 8% lower than the slope for the long term response calculated by regression for the shallow lakes. For deep lakes the slope, 0.26, is 2 to 3 times higher than that calculated by regression, indicating that reductions in TP for deep lakes give greater effects than least squares regression equations suggest. We have also calculated the reduction in TP which will give about 80% probability that a reduction in chl-a will be observed next year. For shallow, P-limited lakes this reduction is about 30 mg · m−3 (5% of average initial in-lake TP concentration), and for deep lakes about 14 mg · m−3 (35% of average initial in-lake TP concentration).
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    Vertical mixing in Überlinger See, western part of Lake Constance (1990)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 52 (1990), S. 256-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Vertical mixing ; stratification ; phosphorus ; Lake Constance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Depth variable vertical eddy diffusion coefficients for heat (K z) were calculated from continuously measured temperature profiles in Überlinger See (western part of Lake Constance). The temperatures were averaged over vertical intervals of 10 m yielding 14 discrete values (maximum depth of Überlinger See: 147 m). A linear fit from 10 June to 29 September 1987 was used to smooth the significant temperature fluctuations caused by internal seiches of Lake Constance. Assuming horizontal homogeneity for the smoothed data the Gradient-Flux-Method was applied to compute vertical diffusion coefficientsK z at different depths using the depth variable volumes and surfaces of the 14 layers. The resulting mean diffusion coefficients for the period from June to September are 0.04 cm2/s near the thermocline and up to 0.8 cm2/s in deeper strata (accuracy: ± 50%). It is shown that horizontal mixing between Überlinger See and Obersee (main lake) alters the computation ofK z by less than 50%. A relationship betweenK z and stability (Brunt-Väisälä) frequencyN is found which corresponds well to the theory of internal wave induced turbulence. Combining the diffusion coefficients with measured phosphorus profiles, a phosphorus flux from the hypolimnion to the epilimnion of (0.7 ± 0.4) mg P m−2 d−1 was calculated, corresponding to about 20% of the average external loading per area of Lake Constance in 1986.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877283
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    Measurement of total dissolved phosphorus in small volumes of iron rich interstitial water (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 54 (1992), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Sediment ; interstitial water ; phosphorus ; iron ; persulfate digestion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that sorption of orthophosphate to iron compounds, formed during persulfate digestion, can cause a significant underestimation of total dissolved phosphorus in interstitial waters rich in iron and poor in phosphorus. Labelling the samples with carrier free32PO4 before digestion allows to correct for these losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877261
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    Effects of repeated manure and fertilizer phosphorus additions on soil phosphorus dynamics under a soybean-wheat rotation (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 150-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Phosphorus dynamics ; Olsen ; phosphorus ; Soil phosphorus fractions ; Manure ; Soybean-wheat rotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Soil P availability and efficiency of applied P may be improved through an understanding of soil P dynamics in relation to management practices in a cropping system. Our objectives in this study were to evaluate changes in plant-available (Olsen) P and in different inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (P0) fractions in soil as related to repeated additions of manure and fertilizer P under a soybean-wheat rotation. A field experiment on a Typic Haplustert was conducted from 1992 to 1995 wherein the annual treatments included four rates of fertilizer P (0, 11, 22 and 44 kg ha–1 applied to both soybean and wheat) in the absence and presence of 16 t ha–1 of manure (applied to soybean only). With regular application of fertilizer P to each crop the level of Olsen P increased significantly and linearly through the years in both manured and unmanured plots. The mean P balance required to raise Olsen P by 1 mg kg–1 was 17.9 kg ha–1 of fertilizer P in unmanured plots and 5.6 kg ha–1 of manure plus fertilizer P in manured plots. The relative sizes of labile [NaHCO3-extractable Pi (NaHCO3-Pi) and NaHCO3-extractable P0 (NaHCO3-P0)], moderately labile [NaOH-extractable Pi (NaOH-Pi) and NaOH-extractable P0 (NaOH-P0)] and stable [HCl-extractable P (HCl-P) and H2SO4/H2O2-extractable P (resisual-P)] P pools were in a 1 : 2.9 : 7.6 ratio. Application of fertilizer P and manure significantly increased NaHCO3-Pi and -P0 and NaOH-Pi, and -P0 fractions and also total P. However, HCl-P and residual-P were not affected. The changes in NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and NaOH-P0 fractions were significantly correlated with the apparent P balance and were thought to represent biologically dynamic soil P and act as major sources and sinks of plant-available P.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050477
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    The evolution of angiosperm seed proteins: A methionine-rich legumin subfamily present in lower angiosperm Clades (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 43 (1996), S. 399-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Asarum ; Dioscorea ; Angiosperms ; Evolution ; Legumins ; Seed proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of legumin-encoding cDNAs fromDioscorea caucasica Lipsky (Dioscoreaceae) and fromAsarum europaeum L. (Aristolochiaceae) shows that there is an especially methionine-rich legumin subfamily present in the lower angiosperm clades including the Monocotyledoneae. It is characterized by a methionine content of 3–4 mol% which is roughly triple the methionine proportion of most other legumins. These “MetR” legumins, if present, still have to be detected in the higher angiosperms including the important seed crops. Evolutionary analysis suggests that the MetR legumins are the result of a gene duplication allowing the differentiation of legumin genes according to their sulfur content. The duplication event must have taken place before the split into mono- and dicotyledonous plants but probably after the separation of angiosperms and gymnosperms.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02339013
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    Angiosperm origin and early stages of seed plant evolution deduced from rRNA sequence comparisons (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 32 (1991), S. 253-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Chloroplast 4.5S rRNA ; Cytosolic and chloroplast 5S rRNAs ; 5.8S rRNA ; 18S rRNA ; Nucleotide sequences ; Phylogenetic trees ; Angiosperms ; Gymnosperms ; Monocotyledons ; Dicotyledons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Complete or partial nucleotide sequences of five different rRNA species, coded by nuclear (18S, 5.8S, and 5S) or chloroplast genomes (5S, 4.5S) from a number of seed plants were determined. Based on the sequence data, the phylogenetic dendrograms were built by two methods, maximum parsimony and compatibility. The topologies of the trees for different rRNA species are not fully congruent, but they share some common features. It may be concluded that both gymnosperms and angiosperms are monophyletic groups. The data obtained suggest that the divergence of all the main groups of extant gymnosperms occurred after the branching off of the angiosperm lineage. As the time of divergence of at least some of these gymnosperm taxa is traceable back to the early Carboniferous, it may be concluded that the genealogical splitting of gymnosperm and angiosperm lineages occurred before this event, at least 360 million years ago, i.e., much earlier than the first angiosperm fossils were dated. Ancestral forms of angiosperms ought to be searched for among Progymnospermopsida. Genealogical relationships among gymnosperm taxa cannot be deduced unambiguously on the basis of rRNA data. The only inference may be that the taxon Gnetopsida is an artificial one, andGnetum andEphedra belong to quite different lineages of gymnosperms. As to the phylogenetic position of the two Angiospermae classes, extant monocotyledons seem to be a paraphyletic group located near the root of the angiosperm branch; it emerged at the earliest stages of angiosperm evolution. We may conclude that either monocotyledonous characters arose independently more than once in different groups of ancient Magnoliales or that monocotyledonous forms rather than dicotyledonous Magnoliales were the earliest angiosperms. Judging by the rRNA trees, Magnoliales are the most ancient group among dicotyledons. The most ancient lineage among monocotyledons leads to modern Liliaceae.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02342748
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    Nucleotide distribution in gymnosperm nuclear sequences suggests a model for GC-content change in land-plant nuclear genomes (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 39 (1994), S. 34-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: CpG suppression ; GC content ; Angiosperms ; Isochores ; GC bias ; Mutational pressure ; Error-prone repair ; Transcriptionally coupled repair
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nuclear protein coding sequences from gymnosperms are currently scarce. We have determined 4 kb of nuclear protein coding sequences from gymnosperms and have collected and analyzed 〉60 kb of nuclear sequences from gymnosperms and nonspermatophytes in order to better understand processes influencing genome evolution in plants. We show that conifers possess both biased and nonbiased genes with respect to GC content, as found in monocots, suggesting that the common ancestor of conifers and monocots may have possessed both biased and nonbiased genes. The lack of biased genes in dicots is suggested to be a derived character for this lineage. We present a simple but speculative model of land-plant genome evolution which considers changes in GC bias and CpG frequency, respectively, as independent processes and which can account for several puzzling aspects of observed nucleotide frequencies in plant genes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178247
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    Uptake of Glucose and Phosphorus by Growing Colonies of Fusarium oxysporum as Quantified by Image Analysis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Mycology 18 (1994), S. 33-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0147-5975
    Keywords: Glucose ; biomass ; image analyzer ; nutrient uptake ; phosphorus ; translocation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/emyc.1994.1004
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    Phosphorus assimilation i mycorrhizal moong (Vigna radiata L.) plants under different phosphorus levels
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 71 (1990), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Vigna radiata ; chlorophyll ; mycorrhiza ; peroxidase ; phosphatases ; phosphorus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(90)90010-L
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    Laser doping: bipolar structures in silicon
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Optics and Laser Technology 16 (1984), S. 37-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-3992
    Keywords: boron ; doping ; lasers ; phosphorus ; silicon
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0030-3992(84)90114-2
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    Determination of P/Al ratio in phosphorus-doped aluminium oxide thin films by XRF, RBS and FTIR (1995)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 119 (1995), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: aluminium oxide ; phosphorus ; XRF ; RBS ; FTIR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Phosphorus-doped aluminium oxide thin films were deposited in a flow-type ALE reactor from AlCl3, H2O and from either P2O5 or trimethyl-phosphate. Structural information of the films was obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) was used to quantitatively determine the composition of the films. The P/Al intensity ratios calculated from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results were in a linear relation with the P/Al concentration ratios calculated from RBS results. For comparison, the intensity ratios of the phosphorus peak (P=O) at about 1250 cm−1 and the aluminium peak (Al-O) at about 950 cm−1 were determined from the IR absorption spectra. The calibration of FTIR peak intensities was done by plotting the intensity ratios of phosphorus and aluminium peaks against the P/Al concentration ratios measured by RBS. FTIR gave also a linear calibration curve with RBS but the method is less suitable for routine analysis of P/Al ratio than XRF.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244850
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    Determination of phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine in high-purity aluminium (1990)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 101 (1990), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: aluminium analysis ; phosphorus ; sulfur ; chlorine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Multi-step procedures for the determination of phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine are described and tested against established methods and on reference materials. Phosphorus is separated as hydrogen phosphide, extracted as phosphomolybdic acid, reduced to molydenum blue and measured photometrically (detection limit 0.05 μg/g). Sulfur is separated after reduction as hydrogen sulfide or by means of pyrohydrolysis and measured by ICP-OES (detection limit 0.1 μg/g). Chloride can be measured by ion chromatography after pyrohydrolytic separation (detection limit 0.1 μg/g). The determination of sulfur was also successfully tested on copper and steel samples.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244179
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    Extraction inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) determination of traces of phosphorus in tungsten (1989)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 99 (1989), S. 399-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: phosphorus ; tungsten ; preconcentration ; ICP-OES
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A method for the separation and preconcentration of traces of phosphorus from tungsten was developed. Solid phase extraction of the phosphovanadomolybdate complex performed on a micro-column was applied. Phosphorus was determined by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) excitation. A limit of detection of 0.4 μg/g P with respect to the solid phase is obtained. By directly coupling the extraction/elution step to the ICP instrument a detection limit of 0.06 μg/g P in W was achieved. Besides, the complexity of spectral evaluation in ICP-OES determinations of traces in spectralline-rich matrices is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244696
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    Elemental analysis of organic phosphorus compounds X. Schöniger-flask method for phosphorus (1986)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 88 (1986), S. 245-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Schöniger-flask method ; phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract By use of a fused-silica hook for holding the sample packet in a Schöniger combustion flask, even difficultly combustible phosphorus compounds can be completely decomposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01196617
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    The determination of phosphonate base scale inhibitors in brines by plasma spectrometry (1992)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 109 (1992), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: phosphonate base scale inhibitor ; brine ; direct current plasma ; inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ; phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The determination of phosphonate base scale inhibitors in brines by direct current plasma (DCP) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is described. The first method is based on a direct nebulization of the brine samples and plasma using the phosphorus line at 213.618 nm. The second method involves extraction of phosphorus as phospho-antimonyl molybdate complex into methylisobutyl ketone (MIBK) phase and analysis of the extract for molybdenum using the Mo 313.260 nm line. Comparison between the proposed methods and an established recommended method [1] shows excellent agreement between the results in addition to the sensitivity and ease of automation provided by AES.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242475
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    Historical changes in sediments of Pyramid Lake, Nevada, USA: consequences of changes in the water balance of a terminal desert lake (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 12 (1994), S. 87-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: Great Basin ; climatic variations ; productivity ; organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; hardwater lake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Sediment cores from the shallow and deep basins of Pyramid Lake, Nevada, revealed variations in composition with depth reflecting changes in lake level, river inflow, and lake productivity. Recent sediments from the period of historical record indicate: (1) CaCO3 and organic content of sediment in the shallow basin decrease at lower lake level, (2) CaCO3 content of deep basin sediments increases when lake level decreases rapidly, and (3) the inorganic P content of sediments increases with decreasing lake volume. Variations in sediment composition also indicate several periods for which productivity in Pyramid Lake may have been elevated over the past 1000 years. Our data provide strong evidence for increased productivity during the first half of the 20th Century, although the typical pattern for cultural eutrophication was not observed. The organic content of sediments also suggests periods of increased productivity in the lake prior to the discovery and development of the region by white settlers. Indeed, a broad peak in organic fractions during the 1800's originates as an increase starting around 1600. However, periods of changing organic content of sediments also correspond to periods when inflow to the lake was probably at extremes (e.g. drought or flood) indicating that fluctuations in river inflow may be an important factor affecting sediment composition in Pyramid Lake.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00678089
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    An expanded weighted-averaging model for inferring past total phosphorus concentrations from diatom assemblages in eutrophic British Columbia (Canada) lakes (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 14 (1995), S. 49-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: diatoms ; eutrophication ; lake management ; paleolimnology ; British Columbia ; lakes ; phosphorus ; training sets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Eighteen lakes were added to a published training set of 46 British Columbia (BC) lakes in order to expand the original range of total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the relationship between diatom assemblages and environmental variables. Specific conductivity and [TP] each explained significant (P≤0.05) directions of variance in the distribution of the diatoms. The relationship between diatom assemblages and [TP] was sufficiently strong to warrant the development of a weighted-averaging (WA) regression and calibration model that can be used to infer past trophic status from fossil diatom assemblages. The relationship between observed and inferred [TP] was not improved by the addition of more eutrophic lakes, however the [TP] range and the number of taxa used in the transfer function are now superior to the original model. Diatom species assemblages changed very little in lakes with TP concentrations greater than 85 µg 1−1, so we document the development of a model containing lakes with TP≤85 µg 1−1. The updated model uses 59 training lakes and covers a range of species optima from 6 to 41.9 µg 1−1 TP, and a total of 150 diatom taxa. The updated inference model provided a more realistic reconstruction of the anthropogenic history of a highly eutrophic BC lake. The model can now be used to infer past nutrient conditions in other BC lakes in order to assess changes in trophic status.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00682593
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    Variability of diatom-inferred phosphorus profiles in a small lake basin and its implications for histories of lake eutrophication (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 20 (1998), S. 47-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: diatoms ; spatial variability ; canonical correspondence analysis ; lake eutrophication ; transfer functions ; phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Diatom analyses were undertaken of sediment cores covering a range of water depths in a small eutrophic lake (Lough Augher, Co. Tyrone, N. Ireland). The significance of between-core variability in diatom relative frequency stratigraphy was assessed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) where the ordination axes were constrained to external environmental variables (sediment depth, core location coordinates, water depth, effective fetch, distance-from-shore and distance-from-inflow). After the removal of the effect of sediment age by partialling it out, the resultant first two axes from the partial-CCA were significantly correlated with water depth and distance-from-shore, indicating non-uniform diatom stratigraphies across the lake. Despite this variability, all cores show the same succession of species and, therefore, record the eutrophication of the lake. Diatom-inferred total phosphorus (DI-TP) was inferred for six cores using weighted averaging regression and calibration. Apart from considerable differences of DI-TP in surficial sediment samples, there was good between-core repeatability of DI-TP profiles. These data support the use of DI-TP for establishing background nutrient concentrations for lakes, and associated implications for lake restoration schemes using single cores. Comparisons of DI-TP profiles and total diatom accumulation rate data for the individual cores indicate that diatom production peaked prior to the maximum TP concentrations in the lake.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007923813511
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    Stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) signatures of sedimented organic matter as indicators of historic lake trophic state (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 22 (1999), S. 205-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: carbon isotopes ; diatoms ; lake management ; nitrogen isotopes ; phosphorus ; radium-226 ; sediments ; trophic state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We explored the use of carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) in sedimented organic matter (OM) as proxy indicators of trophic state change in Florida lakes. Stable isotope data from four 210Pb-dated sediment cores were compared stratigraphically with established proxies for historical trophic state (diatom-inferred limnetic total phosphorus, sediment C/N ratio) and indicators of cultural disturbance (sediment total P and 226Ra activity). Diatom-based limnetic total P inferences indicate a transition from oligo-mesotrophy to meso-eutrophy in Clear Lake, and from eutrophy to hypereutrophy in Lakes Parker, Hollingsworth and Griffin. In cores from all four lakes, the carbon isotopic signature of accumulated OM generally tracks trophic state inferences and cultural impact assessments based on other variables. Oldest sediments in the records yield lower diatom-inferred total limnetic P concentrations and display relatively low δ13C values. In the Clear, Hollingsworth and Parker records, diatom-inferred nutrient concentrations increase after ca. AD 1900, and are associated stratigraphically with higher δ13C values in sediment OM. In the Lake Griffin core, both proxies display slight increases before ~1900, but highest values occur over the last ~100 years. As Lakes Clear, Hollingsworth and Parker became increasingly nutrient-enriched over the past century, the δ15N of sedimented organic matter decreased. This reflects, in part, the increasing relative contribution of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria to sedimented organic matter as primary productivity increased in these waterbodies. The Lake Griffin core displays a narrow range of both δ13C and δ15N values. Despite the complexity of carbon and nitrogen cycles in lakes, stratigraphic agreement between diatom-inferred changes in limnetic total P and the stable isotope signatures of sedimented OM suggests that δ13C and δ15N reflect shifts in historic lake trophic state.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008078222806
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    Calibration of diatoms along a nutrient gradient in Florida Everglades Water Conservation Area-2A, USA (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 22 (1999), S. 413-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: diatoms ; Everglades ; phosphorus ; wetland ; calibration ; multivariate ; Florida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between diatom taxa preserved in surface soils and environmental variables at 31 sites in Water Conservation Area 2A (WCA-2A) of the Florida Everglades was explored using multivariate analyses. Surface soils were collected along a phosphorus (P) gradient and analyzed for diatoms, total P, % nitrogen (N), %carbon (C), calcium (Ca), and biogenic silica (BSi). Phosphorus varied from 315-1781 μg g-1, and was not found to be correlated with the other geochemical variables. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to examine which environmental variables correlated most closely with the distributions in diatom taxa. Canonical correspondence analysis with forward selection, constrained and partial CCA, and Monte Carlo permutation tests of significance show the most significant changes in diatom assemblages along the P gradient (p 〈 0.01), with additional species differences correlated with soil C, N, Ca, and BSi. Weighted-averaging (WA) regression and calibration models of diatom assemblages to P and BSi were developed. The diatom-based inference model for soil [P] had a high apparent r2 (0.86) with RMSEboot = 218 μg g-1. Indicator diatom species identified by assessing species WA optima and WA tolerance to [P], such as Nitzschia amphibia and N. palea for high [P] (~1300-1400 μ g-1) and Achnanthes minutissima var. scotica and Mastogloia smithii for low [P] (~400-600 μg g-1), may be useful as monitoring tools for eutrophication in WCA-2A as well as other areas of the Everglades. Diatom assemblages analyzed by cluster analysis were related to location within WCA-2A, and dominant taxa within clusters are discussed in relation to the geochemical variables measured as well as hydrology and pH. Diversity of diatom assemblages and a ‘Disturbance Index’ based on diatom data are discussed in relation to the historically P-limited Everglades ecosystem. Diatom assemblages should be very useful for reconstructions of [P] through time in the Florida Everglades, provided diatoms are well preserved in soil cores.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008049224045
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    Modern and historic accumulation rates of phosphorus in Lake Okeechobee, Florida (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 20 (1998), S. 31-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: phosphorus ; Lake Okeechobee ; lead-210 dating ; eutrophication ; phosphorus loading
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Phosphorus accumulation rates in depositional zone sediments of Lake Okeechobee were determined in 11 mud-zone cores and two peat-zone cores dated by 210Pb. Although difficulties were encountered in interpreting 210Pb data from some sites, reliable dating of sediments from the mud zone of this shallow lake is possible. Sediment accumulation rates in this zone have increased during the present century by an average of about twofold, and accumulation of organic sediments in the lake during pre-settlement times apparently was much slower than during the past century. Concentrations of all forms of sedimentary P but especially nonapatite inorganic-P and organic-P also have increased since pre-settlement times and especially since about 1940. Annual P accumulation rates in the lake's sediments have increased about fourfold during the 1900s, with most of the increase occurring in the past 40–50 years. The recent accumulation rate of sedimentary P (past ~ 10 years) agrees within a factor of 1.5 with the net retention of P in the lake calculated from published input-output mass balances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007939714301
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  • 98
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    Electronic Resource
    Fertilizer regime and changes in the phosphate and potash status of a silty marine clay soil during 25 years (1980)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 1 (1980), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: soil fertility ; phosphorus ; potassium ; green manure ; crop rotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the soil phosphorus and potassium status on three farming systems in the Northeast Polder during 25 years are related to the fertilizer regime over this period. The changes in the nutrient status of the soil are reflected in fertilizer policy. High rates of phosphate dressings markedly increased the phosphate status of the soil and built up a reserve of phosphate. In contrast, the potassium status decreased by about half, because only potatoes in the rotation were dressed with potassium. Methods of fertilization are discussed and suggestions are made with regard to possible improvements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01073181
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The variation of element contents in triticale during vegetative growth (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 13 (1987), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: triticale ; contents of nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; calcium ; magnesium ; trace elements ; heavy metals ; stage of growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Schwankungen in den Konzentration von N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Sn, Sr, Sb, Ti, Te, V, Se, As und Hg in Triticale unter Feldbedingungen untersucht. Von der Bestockung bis zur Vollreife wurden alle 10 Tage von je 0.5 m2 pro Parzelle Pflanzenproben genommen. In allgemeinen haben die Konzentrationen von Frühjar bis zur Ernte abgenommen. Der elementengehalt in Triticale war demjenigen der übrigen Getreidearten verschieden, aber der Trend der Änderungen war ähnlich.
    Notes: Abstract The variation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Sn, Sr, Sb, Ti, Te, V, Se, As and Hg concentrations was studied under field conditions in triticale. The samples were collected every 10 days from tillering to full ripening stage using plant material from 0.5 m2 per plot. The concentrations generally decreased from early growth to harvest. The elemental concentrations in triticale differed from the other cereals, but the variation's trend was similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064828
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  • 100
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    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and soil and crop residues management practices on maize (Zea mays L.) yield in ultisol of eastern Cameroon (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 14 (1987), S. 135-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: nitrogen ; phosphorus ; soil and crop residues management practices ; maize yield ; Plinthudult ; Cameroon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The shortening of fallow period in several areas in tropical Africa has reduced soil fertility and exposed soils to erosion and run-off. Fertilizer application and crop conservation practices are needeed to sustain high crop yield and to conserve the natural resource base for upland crop production in the continent. Field trials were carried out to evaluate the effect of fertilizer application and soil and crop residues management practices on yield of maize (Zea mays L.) planted on a Plinthudult soil at Bertoua, Eastern Cameroon. Maize yields increased significantly with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application. Under the rainfall pattern prevailing in the area, the amount of nitrogen required for maximum yield was higher in the second season. On the other hand, the amount of phosphorus required for maximum yield appeared to decrease with time. The burning of crop residues and weeds prior to planting together with no-till practive gave higher yield of maize than other soil and crop residues management practices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066606
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