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  • Articles  (391)
  • 42.65  (391)
  • Springer  (391)
  • American Physical Society
  • Physics  (391)
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  • Articles  (391)
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  • Springer  (391)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-pulsing and bichromatic emission in homogeneously broadened bidirectional ring lasers (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 211-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the effects of saturation-induced Bragg gratings on the mode structure and dynamics of bidirectional homogeneously broadened ring lasers. The grating is viewed as a distributed feedback medium in a ring cavity and modes appropriate to such a structure are used. A Fourier decomposed rate equation model is developed to study the behavior of these modes above threshold. The difference in the properties of these solutions from the modes of an unfilled ring cavity lead to the possibility of bichromatic emission and both regular undamped and irregular damped self-pulsing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692124
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent spectroscopy with a distributed feedback dye laser (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 221-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65 ; 78.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple and flexible distributed feedback dye laser source pumped by the harmonic of a mode-locked YAG laser is described. Measurements of dephasing times of isotopic and hot bands in CS2 liquid exploiting both the frequency and time-resolution of this source are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692125
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of Raman gain for focussed Gaussian pump beams (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 78.30j
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Several theoretical and numerical models have been published which describe the evolution of a Stokes beam in a Raman medium excited by a focussed pump beam. Generally, the published theoretical departures from the plane-wave theory of Raman scattering are based on assumptions about the power of the pump beam. In this paper we present a theoretical model which is shown to be in excellent agreement with an exact numerical treatment, and which is valid without restrictions on the pump power. Its predictions are used to indicate the range of validity of earlier theories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692339
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of laser-induced off-resonance intermolecular electronic energy transfer (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 49 (1989), S. 109-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.65 ; 42.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the observation of off-resonance electronic energy transfer from an excited rhodamine 6G molecule to an azulene molecule in solution. The process requires the coupling of the radiation field in the transfer process. We demonstrate that the relation Y A ∝ I 1/2 between the acceptor's induced fluorescence intensity and the laser intensity, predicted by Jortner et al. is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332269
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CARS spectroscopy of molecules and clusters in supersonic jets (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 33.20.Fb ; 36.40.+d ; 34.50.Ez
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Supersonic molecular beams of D2, CH4, NH3, and C2H4 are investigated in the expansion region employing collinear coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). The analysis of rotationally resolved CARS spectra allows the determination of temperatures in the beam. The rotational relaxation as a function of stagnation pressure and separation from the nozzle is studied by recording theQ branch for D2 and the ν3 R andS branches for CH4. Rotational temperatures for NH3 are determined by investigating the complete ν3 band. At strong stagnation conditions broad structures arise which can be attributed to the formation of NH3 clusters. For C2H4 the ν5 band with resolved rotational structure is reported. Again, at larger distances from the nozzle, broad structures are observed. They are assigned to the ν1 and ν5 vibrations in the C2H4 cluster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687148
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent vacuum ultraviolet generation by frequency mixing in glass hollow waveguides (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 293-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Efficiency for vuv generation in a glass hollow waveguide has been compared with that obtained by tight focussing of the primary radiation. Coherent vuv radiation is generated by resonant four-wave difference frequency mixing and four-wave parametric processes in xenon. At vuv wavelengths close to the 5p-6s resonance, the efficiency of generation was found to be enhanced by a factor of up to 2.5 under phase-matched conditions. The measured enhancement is limited by losses due to absorption of the generated radiation and by propagation losses of the primary beams along the waveguide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687159
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of phase-modulation on femtosecond time-resolved coherent Raman spectroscopy (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 47 (1988), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of phase-modulation on femtosecond time-resolved coherent Raman scattering is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The coherent Raman signal taken as a function of the spectral position shows unexpected temporal oscillations close to time zero. A theoretical analysis of the coherent Raman scattering process indicates that the femtosecond light pulses are amplitude and phase modulated. The pulses are asymmetric in time with more slowly decaying trailing wings. The phase of the pulse amplitude contains quadratic and higher-order contributions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716091
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Holography of wave packets (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 101-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.40 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe the principles of holographic storage and reconstruction of ultrashort light pulses using spectrally nonselective media. This can be achieved by the application of a 3-D recording medium and by the holography of waves produced by spatial spectral decomposition of light pulses. We also describe various transformations of optical temporal signals based on holographic spectral filtering and nonlinear interaction of spectral decomposition waves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331904
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intense ultrashort pulse generation in a two-photon pumped generator-amplifier system (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 115-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 M ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Intense ultrashort light pulses are generated i) by two-photon induced amplified spontaneous emission in a dye generator cell and ii) by two-photon induced seeding pulse amplification of a picosecond light continuum. The generated signals are amplified in a twophoton pumped dye amplifier. A passively mode-locked Nd: glass laser is used as pump source. Ligh pulses in the spectral region between 565 and 630 nm are generated in the dyes rohodamine B, rhodamine 6G, and PYC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692136
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulse formation in synchronously pumped infrared dye lasers (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 149-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55M ; 42.60F ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Pulse formation in synchronously pumped dye lasers with fast relaxing dyes is treated by computer simulation. The influence of spontaneous emission and chirp, as well as cavity mismatch, on the pulse characteristics and stability of generation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692140
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of processes of translational, rotational, and vibrational relaxation based on CARS spectra line shapes (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 273-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 34.00
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper reviews the various physico-chemical processes responsible for actual linewidths encountered in high-resolution coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). Most of the experimental data are based on linewidth measurements using a pulseamplified CARS spectrometer with an emission bandwidth (FWHM) of 2×10−3 cm−1. Detailed rotational and vibrational relaxation constants have been obtained from the analysis of theQ-branch profiles of C2H2, N2, CH4, and SiH4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694359
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of temporal pulse development in passively mode-locked lasers (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55R ; 42.60D ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Pulse-shortening and pulse broadening effects in passively mode-locked lasers are analysed. A steady-state pulse duration limit is calculated and compared with round-trip simulations. The numerical calculations apply to a picosecond Nd: glass laser. Methods of short-pulse generation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697504
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ninth-order nonlinear polarization and vuv generation in Hg vapor (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 171-173 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Interference of resonant ninth-order and nonresonant seventh-order nonlinear polarizations in Hg atoms has been studied, and direct conversion of fundamental ir radiation into the vuv has been obtained. The interference has been observed in the form of a Fano-Boitler contour. The efficiency of generation by ninth-order processes appears to be higher than that by seventh-order.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697511
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bistability and passive Q-switching of a CO2 laser with saturable absorber (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 77-82 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The coexistence of bistability and repetitive passive Q-switching of a CO2 laser with a gaseous saturable absorber has been investigated experimentally. With CH3F as the saturable absorber bistability has been observed simultaneously with passive Q-switching, whereas with CH3OH either one of these phenomena can only exist, as demonstrated for the first time. The measured features of both systems can be explained qualitatively by rate-equation theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697426
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wavelength dependence of high-efficiency second-harmonic generation in CdGeAs2 (1985)
    Springer
    Applied physics 36 (1985), S. 17-20 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.70 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The frequency-doubling performance of CdGeAs2 as a function of wavelength has been characterised using a representative selection of lines from the 9 and 10 μm bands of a single mode TEA CO2 laser. Results are shown to be in good agreement with theory in which wavelength dependent absorption, most significant for the generated signal, is taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698031
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CARS-Background suppression by phase-controlled nonlinear interferometry (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 49-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a new technique for efficient suppression of the nonresonant background in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). The advantage of this technique, which is based upon phase-controlled superposition of an appropriately selected reference signal, is presented in theory and demonstrated experimentally by the example of the S(3) (pure rotational) transition of molecular hydrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332324
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-temperature N2-CARS-thermometry (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 61-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract N2-temperature measurements have been performed by coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS) up to more than 3200 K using a commercial heated graphite tube furnace. Surface radiation pyrometry served as the reference technique yielding good agreement between pyrometric and CARS-based temperature determination, resulting in an overall temperature uncertainty of ±80 K for a spectrum obtained at 1 bar and 3230 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332327
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subnanosecond pulse measurements of 10.6 μm radiation with tellurium (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 46 (1988), S. 103-109 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Subnanosecond infrared pulses have been measured by noncollinear secondharmonic generation in tellurium. The method is very practical because due to the high refractive index the fine tuning of the phase matching is easily obtained by rotating the crystal around the optic axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698659
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface structure of cubic ionic crystals studied by optical second-harmonic generation (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 46 (1988), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 68.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Polarization and azimuthal dependencies of optical second-harmonic generation at the surface of cubic ionic crystals have been measured on polished surfaces of BaF2 (111) and (100), CaF2 (111) and NaCl (111), using a fundamental wavelength of 532 nm. The results are interpreted in terms of available theory, which shows that for transparent cubic media only the dipolar surface contribution depends on the crystal orientation. For BaF2 (111) and NaCl (111) the crystallineC 3vgeometry could be identified but not for CaF2 (111). Although the nature of the electronic surface structure giving rise to a dipolar polarizability remains undetermined, the experimental result suggests that it may be due to impurity or defect states in the band gap at the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686465
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytic evaluation of high-order susceptibilities in multiwave mixing (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 46 (1988), S. 185-190 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 45.20 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A dynamical system consisting of a multilevel atomic gas medium subject to an electromagnetic field is analyzed by the density-matrix equations of motion. All stochastic processes such as elastic and inelastic atomic collisions and spontaneous emission are described by a damping matrix. Analytical expressions for the density-matrix elements to any order of perturbation theory (without any multipolar and rotating wave approximations) are obtained by means of the Laplace-transform method in a diagonal representation of the damping matrix. Closed formulae for the high-order susceptibilities are derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686474
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intense tunable picosecond pulses generated by parametric amplification in β-BaB2O4 (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 541-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 06.607 ; 42.60 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Amplified spontaneous emission of a dye cell is parametrically amplified in barium betaborate (BBO) crystals. Pumping the system by the third harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser a tuning range from 3500 to 25080 cm−1 is accessible with energy conversion efficiencies of several percent. Properties of ultrashort light pulses in the visible and UV spectral range are presented. A spectral width of 10 cm−1 and a pulse duration of approximately 20 ps are measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408781
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of atomic oxygen by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy at 130 nm (1986)
    Springer
    Applied physics 39 (1986), S. 91-95 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 52.70 ; 42.65 ; 32.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract VUV radiation generated by stimulated Raman scattering from H2 and tunable around 130 nm is applied to the detection of atomic oxygen produced in a flow-tube. Concentrations in the range to the detection of atomic oxygen produced in a flow-tube. Concentrations in the range of 1010 to 1011 O-atoms per cm3 lead to fluorescence signals that can easily be detected on a nanosecond timescale. We deduce that oxygen impurities generated by plasma-wall interaction in present-day tokamak experiments should be measurable with spatial and temporal resolution applying this vuv source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694803
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An anomalous correlator of resonantly scattered light (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 83-91 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 06 ; 35 ; 07.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The space-time properties of the correlator of the light intensities scattered from resonant atoms are studied. It is shown that in measuring such a correlator by the method of optical shifts, an appreciable contribution appears from the anomalous correlator of the scattered field amplitudes. It is simple to observe this correlator in the field of a standing wave by measuring the correlation of oppositely scattered rays. The spectral and polarization properties of such a correlator are studied. Its investigation is of interest for high-resolution spectroscopy because it allows information to be obtained on the natural width of a line in conditions of strong Doppler broadening. It is important to stress that this is possible in a linear approximation with respect to the strength of the external field in contrast to the methods of laser spectroscopy based on nonlinear effects.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697554
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  • 24
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    Theoretical investigation of Kleinman symmetry in molecules (1986)
    Springer
    Applied physics 41 (1986), S. 169-172 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 31.20 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract From measurements of the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation with different polarizations of incident light, direct information should be obtainable on the extent to which Kleinman symmetry is obeyed in single molecules.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693918
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  • 25
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    Nonlinear optical processes I (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 142-149 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697839
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  • 26
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    Numerical analysis of pulse generation in synchronously mode-locked cw dye lasers (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 101-108 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55M ; 42.60F ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present theoretical results on the characteristics of pulses generated by a synchronously pumped dye laser. Our analysis indicates the important influence of spontaneous emission on shape and frequency chirp of the pulse. Dye-laser operation is possible within a wide range of cavity mismatch. A large mismatch of the lengths of the dye and the pump-laser cavity results in the generation of “noise bursts” caused by the influence of spontaneous emission. At small cavity mismatch pulse profile and frequency chirp of the pulse are directly generated in the steady-state regime by algebraic equations. Our formulas indicate that the sign of the pulse chirp depends only on the sign of the shift between laser frequency and centre frequency of the amplifying transition.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694324
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  • 27
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    Transient effects in four-wave mixing in photorefractive Passive Phase Conjugate Mirrors (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 129-135 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Partial differential equations are set up and solved partly analytically, partly numerically for the spatial and temporal variation of the amplitudes and phases of the four beams participating in four-wave mixing in a linear Passive Phase Conjugate Mirror. The instantaneous frequency of the resonating beam is also determined. It is shown that the duration and main features of the transient regime are determined not only by the properties of the photorefractive crystal but also by the external optical circuit, in particular by the quality factor and detuning of the resonator.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695281
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  • 28
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    Determination of temperature and concentration of molecular nitrogen, oxygen and methane with coherent anti-stokes raman scattering (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 183-190 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33.20 ; 37.70 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Temperature and concentration measurements by Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) of molecular nitrogen, oxygen and methane were carried out. A comparison of corrected thermocouple and CARS temperature measurements in a high-temperature furnace up to 2000 K is presented. The temperature dependent CARS spectra of N2 and O2 are evaluated by a simulation program. Agreement between CARS and thermocouple temperatures is obtained within 40 K for N2 and 80 K for O2. Good agreement is found between measurements and calculations of the decrease of CARS intensity with temperature. Various “quick-fit” methods for N2-and O2-temperature measurements from temperature sensitive spectral parameters were tested. Temperature dependent CARS spectra of thev 1-fundamental of methane are recorded and the methane CARS intensity as function of temperature is measured.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695289
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  • 29
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    Temporal analysis of a mode-locked Nd-glass laser by four-wave mixing (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 263-267 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The duration, shape, and background intensity level of pulses of a passively modelocked Nd-glass laser are determined by noncollinear phase-matched four-photon frequency mixing of time-separated fundamental and second-harmonic pulses in a KI crystal. The pulse shape is found to be slightly asymmetric with slower trailing than rising parts. The background intensity level before and behind the main pulse is about 5¢10−6 the peak pulse intensity.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689185
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  • 30
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    Photoionization detection of stimulated Raman scattering on electron transitions of Na in an atomic beam (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 135-137 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Stimulated Raman scattering has been experimentally studied by using the process of two-step ionization of a Na atomic beam. A dip that is due to a resonance at a combination frequency corresponding to the forbidden 3S–4S transition of a Na atom was observed in the signal of nonresonant photoionization when two laser frequencies λ1=284.5 nm and λ2=1.06 μm were overlapped.
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    A discussion of the problem of determining multiple lifetimes from picosecond absorption recovery data as encountered in two carbocyanine dyes (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 235-247 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65 ; 61.60
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    Notes: Abstract Absorption recovery kinetics data on the picosecond time-scale of a high signalto-noise ratio can be obtained by using continuously operating synchronously modelocked dye lasers. We show that such data make it possible to determine multiple exponential decays with small differences in rate constants. We also show that an absolute prerequisite to accomplish this is that the measurements are performed at a number of different wavelengths, and that the decays are monitored in a time interval corresponding to several lifetimes. These considerations are demonstrated by measurements on two carbocyanine dyes, DQOCI and pinacyanol, respectively.
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    Intensity dependence of thermal nonlinear optical activity in crystals (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 49 (1989), S. 65-67 
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    Notes: Abstract The thermal contribution to nonlinear optical activity in a BSO crystal was studied at 514.5 nm. The results show that the effect is only weakly dependent on laser intensity for constant beam power. By varying the laser spot size in the sample the electronic and thermal contributions to nonlinear optical activity may be separated.
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    Saturation of resonant frequency conversion processes in cadmium vapour (1984)
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    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 225-234 
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    Notes: Abstract We have investigated two-photon resonant up conversion of 375 to 159 nm coherent radiation using the four-frequency process ω159=2ω375+ω1040 in cadmium vapour, where the ir component (1040 nm) is internally generated by the 375 nm pump tuned to the Cd two-photon transition 5s 2 1 S 0→5s6s 1 S 0. Scaling laws and tuning behaviour of both the 159 and 1040 nm output power were measured up to 1×108 W cm−2 pump intensity and 2×1017 cm−3 Cd number density. The results are compared to numerical calculations based on semiclassical theory in a stationary perturbation approximation up to third order. Here, in accordance with experimental results, the ir component was assumed to originate from a superposition of stimulated emission and parametric generation. The observed saturation effects turned out to be mainly due to population changes of the atomic levels involved and are qualitatively reproduced by calculations. Discrepancies with respect to absolute output levels are discussed in terms of the approximations in the theoretical formalism.
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    Off-resonant excitation of molecular vibrations in liquids, investigated by picosecond probe scattering (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 23-28 
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    Keywords: 35.80 ; 42.65 ; 78.30
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    Notes: Abstract The coherent excitation of molecular vibrations in liquids via off-resonant stimulated Raman amplification is shown to consist of two parts with vastily different spectral and temporal properties. One component situated at the frequency differenceω L −eω S of the driving fields follows almost instantaneously the system response function. The second part at the eigenfrequency eω 0 carries information on the vibrational dephasing. Detecting both frequency components simultaneously by coherent anti-Stokes probe scattering a novel 2-channel method is demonstrated. The vibrational dephasing time of thev 3-mode of CH3I is directly measured to beT 2=2.6±0.15 ps. This result gives experimental support to the deconvolution techniques required in conventional spectroscopy.
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    Interferometric enhancement of surface-generated second-harmonic radiation (1984)
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    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 69-72 
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    Notes: Abstract Greatly improved second-harmonic emission has been obtained from dye monolayers adsorbed at quartz etalons. Two different types of interferometers have been studied in terms of the SH signal from dye coverage versus harmonic background emission. The phasematching-like conditions for constructive interferometric enhancement and the concomitant spatial and spectral emission characteristics are discussed in detail.
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    Collimation of atomic beams by resonant laser radiation pressure (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 149-153 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; k
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    Notes: Abstract The application of the resonant light pressure created by an axially symmetrical light field for collimating atomic beams has been considered. As an example, consideration is given to the possibility of collimating an atomic beam by the light field produced by the reflection of a plane wave from the internal surface of a metal cone. It has been shown that the radiation pressure can reduce the atomic-beam transverse velocities to the value of the order of 100 cm/s which corresponds to effective temperature of about 10−3 K. A method for producing collimated beams of cold atoms based on simultaneous deceleration and collimation of atomic beams by resonant laser radiation pressure is proposed.
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    Surface second-harmonic generation: A novel technique for ps-pulse duration measurements (1985)
    Springer
    Applied physics 36 (1985), S. 133-135 
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    Notes: Abstract Second-harmonic generation from dye adsorbates has been successfully used to measure the duration of ps pulses. In the red and in the blue-green spectral range pulse durations of 2.4 and 6.1 ps—in agreement with streak camera measurements — have been obtained from collinear, slow autocorrelation traces.
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    Spectral and temporal study of picosecond-pulse propagation in a single-mode optical fibre (1986)
    Springer
    Applied physics 39 (1986), S. 43-46 
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    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract The power-dependent pulsewidth variations for input 85 ps pulses from a cw mode-locked Nd: YAG laser propagating through 125 m of single-mode optical fibre have been examined using a Synchroscan streak camera. Simultaneous spectral and temporal measurements provide information as to the optimum parameters for pulse compression in fibres.
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    Molecular enhanced four-wave parametric generation in sodium atom (1986)
    Springer
    Applied physics 39 (1986), S. 65-72 
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    Notes: Abstract A number of resonances have been observed in the excitation spectrum of the uv resonance lines of sodium. The mechanism proposed includes absorption by molecular states, energy transfer to excited atomic levels and four-wave parametric generation enhanced by radiative decay of the excited states.
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    Optical harmonic generation in media with positive dispersion (1986)
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    Applied physics 41 (1986), S. 69-71 
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    Notes: Abstract Third-harmonic generation in gaseous media with positive dispersion is investigated. Using the example of the 351.7–117.2 nm conversion process in rare gases the possibility of optical harmonic generation in media with positive dispersion was first experimentally obtained and theoretically substantiated. Unusual dependence of the thirdharmonic generation efficiency on the intensity of incident beam (η∼W 4) is explained due to the second-order Kerr effect.
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  • 41
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    Selective laser heating and nonlinear light scattering in a homogeneous medium (1986)
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    Applied physics 41 (1986), S. 131-133 
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    Notes: Abstract Observation of light scattering on the laser-produced temperature inhomogeneities, the centres of which are connected with some absorbing molecules, is reported. The experimentally observed scattering intensity agrees well theory.
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  • 42
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    Intense spontaneous amplified emission of Li2 diffuse violet bands in the 4400 Å region (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 43 (1987), S. 225-230 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65 ; 33.80K
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    Notes: Abstract We report observation of intense spontaneous amplified radiation of Li2 diffuse violet band in the 4100–4900 Å region. The radiation is strongly enhanced when the lithium vapor in a heat pipe is optically pumped with a pulsed dye laser with the output wavelength tuned to near the Li 2s–4s two-photon resonance transition. The diffuse violet band can probably be assigned to a recently reported triplet bound-free (23 Π g →a 3 Σ u + ) transition. It is found that the productions of the molecular diffuse band are contributed from Li atoms as well as Li2 molecules. The excitation functions and their dependence on laser power density are presented and the mechanisms for producing the diffuse bands are discussed.
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    Second-harmonic generation in centro-symmetric media (1987)
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    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 5-10 
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    Notes: Abstract We have studied the magnetic-dipole and electric-quadrupole contributions to second-harmonic generation (SHG) of centro-symmetric media. It can be shown that the phenomenological parameters α, β, γ can be arranged to form an effective $$\bar \chi _s^{(2)} $$ -tensor, which describes dipole-forbidden SHG as the effect of a surface layer upon excitation with a single plane electromagnetic wave. An experimental technique is proposed allowing a determination of the usually very small γ term due to magnetic-dipole interaction using coherent compensation of its contribution by a coverage with an appropriate dye monolayer.
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    Laser-induced helical structure in the isotropic phase of nematic liquid crystal (1987)
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    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 51-56 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 78.20
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    Notes: Abstract We report on the first observation of laser-induced helical structure in the isotropic phase of a nematic liquid crystal. The helical structure was induced by two nearly counter-propagating waves circularly polarized in the same sense. Bragg reflection in the optical tunneling region was studied. We made an extensive investigation on the analogy between Bragg reflection from a cholesteric liquid crystal slab and four-wave mixing. It provides a deeper insight into the physics of the optical properties of cholesteric liquid crystal.
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    Raman and parametric emission from excited states induced by collisions (1987)
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    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 235-240 
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    Notes: Abstract A collisional energy transfer in the wings of Na 3p and between Na2 A 1Σ u + and na 3p states has been used to excite a number of stimulated emissions in the near-ir region of 800–850 nm. The detailed study reveals Raman and parametric emission involving 3p, 3d, 4p, and 4d levels of Na. Two tunable dye lasers in the visible provide the pump waves.
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    Amplification in photorefractive materials via a higher order wave (1988)
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    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 125-128 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.40 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that power exchange is possible in photorefractive materials even though the grating produced by the two incident waves is in phase with their interference pattern. The reason is that the interaction of the principal waves will produced higher order waves and their presence will form further gratings which assist power transfer between the principle beams. Under favourable conditions significant amounts of power may be transferred.
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    Switching dynamics of optical bistable devices (1988)
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    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 157-162 
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    Notes: Abstract The switching dynamics of optical bistable devices is studied and some recent results are reviewed.
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    H2 vibrational CARS thermometry (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 47 (1988), S. 41-46 
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    Notes: Abstract TheQ-branch spectra of molecular hydrogen have been used to determine rotational temperatures bycoherentanti-StokesRamanscattering (CARS). A supersonic jet expansion through a constant flow nozzle of adjustable temperature served as hydrogen source in the temperature range 300 to 2500 K. The analysis of the high-temperature data reveals details of the internal energy transfer in jet expansion.
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    Full pump energy conversion at parametric amplification (1988)
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    Applied physics 47 (1988), S. 359-360 
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    Notes: Abstract The full conversion of the modulated wave energy is shown to be possible and can be reached at mutually simple conformity between the spatial-temporal, modulation forms of interaction waves.
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    Magnetic Q-switching of a photolytic iodine laser (1989)
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    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 357-364 
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    Notes: Abstract The Zeeman effect has been utilized in a switching technique of an atomic iodine laser. Magnetic fields up to a kilogauss have been applied to atomic iodine, prepared by thermally dissociating molecular iodine, that was situated inside the laser cavity. The absorption of the 1.315 μm light by atomic iodine was reduced by approximately 90% when the field was applied. This effect is used here to demonstrate a gas phase, self-healing Q-switch for a small (1 mW) cw photolytic iodine laser. Enhancement ratios of pulse power over cw power on the order of 55 to 1 were achieved.
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    High-speed N2-CARS thermometry (1989)
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    Applied physics 49 (1989), S. 33-38 
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    Notes: Abstract Using an excimer laser-pumped CARS spectrometer, single-pulse temperature measurements have been performed with a repetition rate of up to 80 Hz in a 3-dimensional, phase-matched geometry. Single-pulse temperature data measured in a furnace typically fluctuated by ± 50 K within the temperature range 300–1300 K. The CARS spectra were analyzed by the G-matrix formalism with inclusion of cross coherence effects.
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    Transients in photorefractive two-wave mixing: A numerical study (1989)
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    Applied physics 49 (1989), S. 339-342 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.40 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract The complete description of two-wave interaction in photorefractive crystals involves two sets of differential equations: the materials equations and the field equations, although, when calculating the transients, the field equations are often omitted. The accuracy of these approximations is studied by calculating numerically the diffraction efficiency from both the exact and approximate equations for a set of coupling coefficients. It is shown that for large coupling, the discrepancy may be quite large. In particular, the time required for erasure will substantially increase when beam coupling is taken into account.
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    Amplification of pulse responses in ensemble of nonlinear oscillators (1990)
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    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 303-306 
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    Notes: Abstract Parametric amplification was shown to take place in the response of an ensemble of nonlinear classical oscillators upon the interaction with a second pulse.
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    Temperature and concentration measurements of molecular hydrogen in a filamentary discharge by coherent anti-stokes raman spectroscopy (CARS) (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 307-313 
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    Keywords: 52.70 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) is applied to a filamentary discharge in H2. Temperature and density profiles of molecular hydrogen are determined. The maximum temperature observed on the discharge axis is 5685 K. Vibrational and rotational transitions are analyzed and a difference in the evaluated temperatures is found which increases with pressure. In addition, the reactive thermal conductivity associated with dissociation is determined and compared with earlier work.
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    A rich spectrum from potassium vapor on the 42 S 1/2−32 D 5/2 two-photon resonance (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 386-394 
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    Notes: Abstract A rich emission spectrum in the wavelength range 300–600 nm, including 50 spectral lines, has been observed as a pulsed dye laser is tuned to the 42 S 1/2–32 D 5/2 two-photon resonance in potassium vapor. It is found that many kinds of mechanisms, including energy pooling, harmonic generation, quadrupole radiation, excitation transfer, and multiwave mixing etc., are involved in producing these lines. The process for each spectral line has been identified and is presented in tabular form.
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    Quantum confinement mediated enhancement of optical kerr effect in CdS x Se1−x semiconductor microcrystallites (1990)
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    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 437-442 
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    Notes: Abstract We first discuss theoretically the enhancement of the optical nonlinearity due to quantum confinement in semiconductor-doped glasses. This quantum confinement mediated enhancement also pertains to the figure of merit x (3)/α, in which case it is due to a decrease in the spectral width rather than in an increase of the matrix elements. We then report on frequency and size-dependent measurements which confirm the theoretically expected enhancement due to quantum confinement.
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    Harmonic and sum-frequency generation of pulsed laser radiation in BBO, LBO, and KD*P (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 55-62 
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    Notes: Abstract The optical properties of the nonlinear crystals lithium borate (LBO), barium borate (BBO) and deuterated potassium phosphate (KD*P) are compared for second and third harmonic generation of Nd:YAG laser radiation. In an experimental investigation the conversion efficiency has been measured as a function of the energy density of 8 ns long laser pulses, generated by a commercial Nd:YAG oscillator-amplifier system. In LBO and BBO the second harmonic generation saturates at an energy density of about 1.5 J cm−2 at efficiencies of 55–60%. In KD*P comparable efficiencies (40–55%) require energy densities of 2–2.6 J cm−2. Similar results are obtained for frequency tripling. In LBO and BBO saturated efficiencies of 20–25% are measured at an energy density of about 1.5 J cm−2. In KD*P efficiencies of 20% are obtained at energy densities exceeding 2 J cm−2. Besides for doubling and tripling of Nd:YAG laser radiation the phase-matching is calculated for frequency conversion of tunable laser light. The results demonstrate that in LBO and BBO phase-matched sum-frequency mixing of UV and infrared laser light generates tunable radiation at wavelengths as short as the transmission cut-off at 160 nm and 190 nm, respectively.
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    Coherent raman spectroscopy of nitrogen molecules and clusters in supersonic jets (1991)
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    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 84-89 
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    Keywords: 36.40 ; 42.65 ; 47.40
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    Notes: Abstract Coherent Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering CSRS and CARS have been employed to study the spectroscopy of nitrogen molecules and clusters in the expansion of a supersonic jet. In the vibrational spectrum, at strong stagnation conditions, an intense redshifted peak is observed which can be assigned to the intramolecular vibrations in large N2 clusters having adopted the β-phase structure. Another weak feature is assigned to nitrogen clusters in the α-phase. In the rotational region of the spectrum only monomer features have been observed. The failing to observe librational motions is consistent with the finding that the nitrogen clusters are predominantly in the orientationally unordered β-phase. The low rotational temperature suggests supercooling of the β-phase.
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    Nonlinear mirror based on raman interactions (1991)
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    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 96-101 
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    Notes: Abstract We analyze a nonlinear mirror based on Raman interactions. The mirror is a combination of a Raman-active medium and a tetrachroic mirror. The reflections of the nonlinear mirror at two input frequencies differing by the Raman shift are calculated and its properties and possible applications are discussed.
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    Optical bistability in the semilinear phase-conjugate mirror (1991)
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    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 150-153 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown theoretically that the semilinear phase conjugate mirror exhibits bistability when it is “seeded” by a weak external pump beam. Full hysteresis in the output intensity is obtained when the “seed” intensity is swept through the two-stable-states region and the coupling strength is below the self-oscillation threshold.
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    Negative feedback using a nonlinear mirror for the generation of a long train of short light pulses (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 158-162 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract A nonlinear mirror is used to provide a passive negative feedback in an actively mode-locked pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Trains of 250 ps pulses with a total length of up to 50 microseconds were generated. The train duration is limited only by the flashlamp pump pulse length.
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    Efficiently generated rotational and vibrational stimulated raman emission by means of a two-color laser beam (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 211-216 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 51.70
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    Notes: Abstract When a two-color laser beam is introduced into pressurized hydrogen, about 40 laser emission lines are generated from the ultraviolet to the visible regions. This phenomenon is ascribed to the stimulated Raman effect due to a combination ofJ=1 →J=3 rotational andv=0 →v=1 vibrational transitions. By introducing the two-color laser beam, the threshold for generation of the rotational line is substantially reduced. The present phenomenon is attributed to four-wave mixing, which allows efficient generation of higher-order rotational and vibrational Raman lines.
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    The role of the longitudinal component of the electric field vector in two-wave mixing in photorefractive BaTiO3 (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 259-261 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.70
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that for waves incident with a polarisation in the plane of the grating the component of the electric field in the direction of propagation must be included in the calculations. Coupled differential equations for both the transverse and longitudinal components are derived for wave interaction in photorefractive BaTiO3. Analytic solutions for the electric field of the signal wave are obtained under the assumption that the pump wave is undepleted. For the parameters considered the longitudinal component is shown to be negligible.
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    Ultrafast beam-deflection method and its application for measuring the transient refractive index of materials (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 57 (1993), S. 193-197 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract We represent an ultrafast beam-deflection method as a simple and powerful tool for the time-resolved measurement of induced changes of the refractive index in the order of Δn=10−5. The method is applied for measuring the changes of components of the refractive index parallel and perpendicular to the pump-pulse polarization on a femtosecond time scale. Fused silica and CS2 are used as samples for demonstrating our method.
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    Phase-matched third-harmonic generation of Nd: Glass-laser picosecond pulses in a new cyanine-dye solution (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 57 (1993), S. 203-211 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
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    Notes: Abstract The phase-matched direct tripling of picosecond light pulses of a mode-locked Nd: glass laser in a new cyanine dye PMC is studied. The solvents trifluoroethanol (TFE) and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) are applied. The S 0–S 1 absorption peak of the dye is around λ=480 nm and the absorption cross section at the third-harmonic wavelength of λ3=351.3 nm is only σ3≈1×10−19 cm2. Phase-matching occurred at concentrations of CPM=0.0874 mol/dm3 in HFIP and 0.1088 mol/dm3 in TFE. A third-harmonic energy conversion efficiency of ηE≈0.01 was achieved at a pump-laser peak intensity of I 0L≈2.5×1011 W/cm2 in a 5 mm long sample of PMC in TFE. The conversion efficiency is limited by destruction of phase-matching due to the intensity-dependent nonlinear refractive index of the dye solutions.
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    Noncollinear ultraviolet generation in a lithium borate crystal (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 57 (1993), S. 431-434 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.70 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract Nd:YAG and a Nd:YAG-pumped dye laser are used to generate tunable deep ultraviolet radiation down to 240 nm in a lithium triborate crystal (LBO) by noncollinear sum-frequency mixing. All longer wavelengths can be generated by a combination of harmonic generation of the dye laser and sum-frequency mixing, 240 nm being the near noncritical limit. A set of versatile Sellmeier dispersion equations is derived to satisfactorily predict phase-matching in LBO.
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    Photorefractive mode coupling between two unidirectional ring oscillators (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 53 (1991), S. 153-159 
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    Notes: Abstract We consider the coupling between two photorefractive unidirectional ring resonators. The first resonator is driven by an external laser beam via photorefractive two-wave mixing. The internal oscillating beam is then employed to drive the second ring resonator via the same mechanism. Closed form solutions for the oscillation intensities and frequencies are given, and their numerical results are presented and discussed.
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    Parametrically induced light diffraction in crystals with second-order susceptibility (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 60 (1995), S. 421-426 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract The theoretical description of parametric cascaded processes produced by intersecting beams in crystals with second-order susceptibility is presented. A common system of equations in the Slowly Varying Amplitude (SVA) approximation is used to treat the phenomenon. This approach provides a description of overall self-diffraction processes and the equations are well suited for numerical simulations. A relation between phase-matching conditions for parametric cascading processes and diffraction efficiency is found. Pump depletion influence is analysed. The results of numerical simulations are in good agreement with experimental data.
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    Odd and even two-dimensional dark spatial solitons (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 121-124 
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    Notes: Abstract The formation of two-Dimensional (2D) odd dark spatial solutions is analyzed numerically at an initial helical dark-beam phase distribution. Experimental results are presented for the first time confirming the existence of two-dimensional optical even dark solitons (ring dark solitons). Several aspects of the evolution of input 1D and 2D odd/even dark beams are compared qualitatively.
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    Long-range interaction of picosecond solitons through excitation of acoustic waves in optical fibers (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 175-180 
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    Keywords: 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract We present the theory of electrostrictional interaction of soliton pulses in optical fibers. Solitons excite acoustic waves propagating in the direction transverse to the fiber axis. Scattering of optical radiation on these waves leads to a timing jitter of the optical pulses arrival time. We consider this effect as nonlinear self-scattering of light on acoustic waves. Because of the fact that a value of acoustic lifetime can reach a value of about 100 ns self-scattering on acoustic waves can be observed for a single optical pulse as well as for an optical pulse sequence as a whole. The value of single soliton self-frequency shift due to excitation of acoustic waves as a function of soliton duration have been obtained. For soliton duration τsol 〉 14 ps an acoustic wave soliton self-frequency shift is larger than the Raman soliton self-frequency shift. The obtained theoretical results describe well the long-range interaction of soliton pulse trains in an optical fiber. The value of bit error rate due to electrostrictional interaction of optical pulses in high bit rate, ultra long soliton communication systems have been obtained.
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    Generation of 6.8–7.7 µm radiation in lithium iodate (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 489-491 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 63.20 ; 78.30
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Generation of infrared radiation in ts-infrared transmission window (6.8–7.7 µm) is reported for the first time by non-collinear difference-frequency mixing of the Nd: YAG second harmonic and the same-pumped dye (Rh-610) laser radiation in a lithium-iodate crystal. The spectrum of polythene sheets was run with the generated radiation.
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    Effect of three-wave-phase development on the stimulated Raman scatttering in an electron plasma (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 309-311 
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    Keywords: 52.40 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract The effects of the development of the three-wave phase on the amplitude of the pumping laser light, the scattered light, and the electron plasma wave are studied. Analytical solutions are obtained to describe a pumping laser light decreasing with time and the development of the electron plasma wave and scattered wave from an initial increasing state to saturation and finally to a decaying state which is closely related to the three-wave phase.
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    Birth and evolution of wave-front dislocations in a laser beam passed through a photorefractive LiNbO3: Fe crystal (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 465-471 
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    Notes: Abstract We report on an experimental and numerical investigation of the process of spontaneous optical vortices nucleation in a wave front of a laser beam passed through a photorefractive LiNbO3 : Fe crystal with self-induced nonlinear lens. The complex lens structure produces mainly defocusing of the beam passing through the crystal due to a negative variation of the refractive index, whereas side parts of the lens have a positive sign of refractive-index variation and partially focus the beam. The resulting wave-front distortions lead to a phase bifurcation occurring at a certain distance after the crystal when the amplitude of the light wave becomes zero. We study in detail the process of edge dislocation nucleation and its decay in the near field producing a pair of unity-charged opposite-sign screw dislocations. After birth, they spread along dislocation axes as stable objects.
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    Elimination of variables in simple laser equations (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 117-120 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 02
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    Notes: Abstract The usual way of obtaining rate equations (RE) and a single equation for the field amplitude (EFA) from the semiclassical laser equations (Lorenz-Haken model) is reexamined by undertaking a systematic elimination procedure developed in synergetics. The RE and EFA are justified in the case 1 (γ⊥≫γ∥, κ) and case 2 (γ⊥, γ∥≫κ), respectively. We show that, because the eliminated variable happens to contain a considerable contribution from an unstable mode, the usual elimination technique in the case 3 (γ⊥, κγ∥) leads to an inconsistency. As important by-products we obtain the RE and EFA for arbitrary cavity relaxation constant (κ). Some remarks are given on the direct elimination technique in the non-diagonal representation in the study of instabilities.
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    Asymmetrical spectral broadening of SRS and its temperature dependence in a phenylethanol liquid-core wave-guide optical fiber (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 319-322 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.M ; 42.65
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectral broadening of stimulated Raman scattering has been studied in a phenylethanol liquid-core wave-guide optical fiber by using a frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd: YAG laser. Four orders of Stokes lines were observed. All the Stokes lines were asymmetrically broadened favoring the lower frequencies. Both the red-shifted broadening and the blue-shifted broadening increased with the rise of the temperature of the Raman medium. The asymmetric broadening was discussed to be mainly due to the effect of the cascaded stimulated Rayleigh-wing scattering.
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    Observation of intense stokes and anti-stokes lines in CH4 pumped by 355 nm of a Nd:YAG laser (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 311-318 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 78.30 ; 78.32 ; 42.70 ; 42.65
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and four-wave mixing (FWM) processes have been studied in detail in CH4 gas pumped by the third-harmonic of Nd:YAG laser at γ=355 nm. The conversion efficiency and average output energy have been measured for the various Stokes and anti-Stokes lines at different experimental conditions. The threshold input energy at various CH4 pressures has been calculated for the unguided and capillary waveguide Raman cells. The calculated values for the capillary case have been compared with the measured values at different CH4 pressures and the two results are in good agreement.
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    Test of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as a compact and fast tunable stokes source in coherent anti-stokes raman spectroscopy (CARS) (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 378-380 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract An optical parametric oscillator (OPO), as a novel kind of broadband Stokes source, is employed for coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). Compared to the conventional dye laser configuration OPO-CARS offers practical advantages. The tunable OPO allows a fast and comfortable frequency tuning. The excitation bandwidth of about 35 cm−1 (FWHM) limits the spectral range of effective and stable single pulse CARS generation but can be used to enhance selected spectral structures.
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    High temperature O2-CARS thermometry (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 388-390 
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    Keywords: 33.00 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract O2 temperature measurements at T=1910K have been performed by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) inside a homogeneously heated gas volume of a tube furnace. The oxygen CARS spectrum can now be modeled accurately within the higher vibrational levels of the Q-branch manifold populated at flame temperatures using recently available spectroscopic data and collisional broadening coefficients.
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    The application of a raman-shifted tunable KrF excimer laser for laser-induced fluorescence combustion diagnostics (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 381-387 
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    Keywords: 33.00 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract Four wavelength extensions have been investigated by stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen or deuterium gas of the 248 nm fundamental output of a narrow-band tunable KrF excimer laser. They have been used to acquire laser-induced fluorescence spectra of NO and OH in flames at atmospheric pressure. NO is detected in relatively high rotational states within the γ-band electronic system at 225 nm. OH was excited at 291.5 nm in the (1–0), at 313 nm in the (1–1) and at 268.5 nm in the predissociative (3–1) band of the 2Σ–2Π electronic band system, respectively. Prospects of 2D imaging for concentration and temperature measurements in flames using these wavelength extensions are discussed.
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    OH rotational temperature and number density measurements in high-pressure laminar flames using double phase-conjugate four-wave mixing (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 424-429 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 82.40
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    Notes: Abstract OH number densities and rotational temperatures up to 9 bar have been measured using double-phase-conjugate four-wave mixing (DPCFWM) in flat laminar premixed methane/air flames. By phase conjugating the backward pump to the forward pump with a phase-conjugate mirror conventional degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) becomes DPCFWM and quantitative measurements of OH radicals and OH rotational temperatures in flames at high pressure are possible. Our results show that conventional DFWM with a standard mirror is a low-biased measurement at high pressure primarly due to a fluctuating interaction volume which results from large fluctuating density gradients at the edge of the flame and from flame movement. A comparison is made between a laser-saturated fluorescence technique, conventional DFWM, and DPCFWM at 1, 5 and 9 bar.
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    Mid-infrared nonlinear phenomena in polycrystalline semiconductors (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 437-445 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.60 ; 42.65
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied second-harmonic generation by 30 ps and 70 ns 10 μm CO2 laser pulses in nonlinear polycrystalline ZnSe, CdTe and GaAs samples. Second-harmonic generation in these materials can limit the amplification of high-power CO2-laser pulses in amplifier chains sealed with these polycrystalline IR-transmission materials. On the other hand, we now demonstrate for the first time that these materials are suited as nonliner elements for autocorrelation measurements on short infrared laser pulses. For such pulse-width measurements polycrystalline materials have an advantage over single crystals, e.g. GaAs, because they are insensitive to misalignement. Furthermore, these polycrystalline optical elements are easier and cheaper to manufacture than single crystal devices. With such polycrystalline materials we were able to realize reliable autocorrelation measurements of 30–300 ps 10 μm optical-free-induction-decay (OFID) laser pulses.
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    Spatio-temporal analysis of All-optical streaking (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 34-38 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80 ; 42.60.E
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    Notes: Abstract All-optical streaking in a cubic nonlinear medium is analyzed theoretically. The model based on the variational method employs the induced phase front distortion on a probe beam. The numerical calculations for a planar inert-gas filled waveguide show that on-line measurements of picosecond pulse durations in the short-wavelength region are possible.
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    Mirrorless coherent oscillation due to vectorial four-wave mixing in LiNbO3 (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 57-61 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.20 ; 42.70
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    Notes: Abstract Mirrorless coherent oscillation in a four-wave mixing arrangement with two phase-conjugate counterpropagating pump waves is studied in a LiNbO3:Fe crystal. Oscillation waves are observed within a wide, but limited angular window where the gain factor takes its maximum value. The spatial structure and the intensities of particular oscillating components vary continuously in time.
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    High-order stimulated electronic Raman scattering from lithium vapor (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 113-117 
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    Keywords: 33.80 ; 42.65 ; 42.72
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    Notes: Abstract An intense radiation at 395.0 nm has been observed when lithium vapor is optically pumped in a heat pipe with a pulsed dye laser whose output wavelength is tuned near the Li 2s–4s two-photon resonance transition. The radiation is emitted in the direction along the pump laser beam. It is proposed that the 395.0 nm radiation is mainly generated through three-photon excitation and one-Raman-photon scattering followed by two-cascade (spontaneous) emission. The overall reaction mechanism can be described by a parametric six-wave mixing process. The quantum efficiency of the observed process is estimated to be of the order of 2 × 10−6.
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    Generation of multi-color stimulated raman emission from two-color linearly or circularly polarized pump beams (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 259-262 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 51.70
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    Notes: Abstract A laser beam at two different frequencies separated by 587 cm−1 is focused into pressurized hydrogen (rotational transition energy, 587 cm−1) to generate multi-color stimulated Raman emission. The polarization state and the pulse energy are measured for each generated emission line using linearly and circularly polarized pump beams. The effect of the polarization is discussed by using a parameter characterizing the polarizability of hydrogen and a conservation rule for the angular momentum in four-wave mixing. Many rotational lines are generated with linearly polarized pump beams through a four-wave mixing process. This is in striking contrast to the results obtained by using a single-color circularly polarized pump beam which generates only one rotational line through a conventional stimulated Raman process.
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    Enhancement of the cubic molecular hyperpolarizabilities of nickel benzendithiol by donor and acceptor groups (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 331-334 
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    Keywords: 31.20.Nt ; 42.65 ; 42.70
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper the enhancement of the values of the cubic molecular hyperpolarizability γ of the nickel benzendithiol system, resulting from the selective addition of acceptor and donor groups to the ligand structure, is presented. The polarization of the molecular electronic structure is calculated by the finite field method. Significant increases in the values of γ are obtained from bridging two p-nitroaniline molecules with the square planar nickel structure. These results show that structures with significant values of x (2) that are derived from the inclusion of donor and acceptor groups might also be included into the ligands of the nickel dithiolene complex to give rise to materials with enhanced values of x (3).
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    Nonlinear behaviour of atomic fluorescence in mercury vapours following double-resonance laser excitation (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 303-307 
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    Keywords: 32.00 ; 42.55 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract When mercury atoms, present with a buffer gas (N2 or Ar) in a quartz cell or in a graphite furnace are excited into the 73 S 1 level by means of two pulsed dye lasers tuned at 253.652 nm (61 S o → 63 P 1) and 435.835 nm (63 P 1 → 73 S 1), a laser-like, collimated emission is observed along the axis of the cell at the green mercury line (73 S 1 → 63 P 2), 546.074 nm). This radiation exhibits a pronounced non-linear dependence upon the number density of the mercury atoms in the cell. This behaviour is interpreted as being due to amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), which occurs as a result of the transient population inversion between the 7s 3 S 1 and 6p 3 P 2 o levels. The parameters governing the population inversion can be deduced by applying a rate equation analysis to the atomic system. A time-resolved observation of both ASE and spontaneous fluorescence signals confirms the totally different characteristics of the two emission processes.
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    Reverse-saturable absorption in aluminophthalocyanine-doped xerogels (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 443-445 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.65 ; 42.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Aluminophthalocyanines were encaged in different silica xerogel matrices. Nonlinear reverse-saturable absorption behavior was observed for both nanosecond and picosecond pulse excitation at 532 nm. In order to determine the relaxation paths of the molecules after optical excitation, we measured the evolution of the transmission of a continuous probe beam through the samples following absorption induced by a pump pulse. The transmission recovery was a few tens of microseconds. The fluorescence lifetime was about 10 ns.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081074
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    Voltage sensitivity of the optical nonlinearity in nematic liquid-crystal cells (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 59 (1994), S. 597-600 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 61.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of an external quasi-static electric field on the third-order nonlinear optical properties of a nematic liquid crystal has been studied. We demonstrate both in theory and experiment that the cell behaves like a Kerr-Medium. The sensitivity of the cell can be controlled by the applied voltage. If optical feedback is provided by the use of a dielectric mirror, optical bistability can be achieved. The switching behaviour of the cell may also be controlled by the applied voltage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081179
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  • 90
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    Excited-state absorption and third-order optical nonlinearities in symmetric π-electron organic molecules (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 47-50 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 31.20.Nt ; 42.65 ; 42.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Excited-State Absorption (ESA), Two-Photon Absorption (TPA) and the third-order polarizability γ(ω;ω,ω, − ω) have been investigated for a model dichloride derivative of a symmetrically substituted benzylidene analine (SBAC), using a multielectron configuration-interaction procedure. The calculations indicate that SBAC exhibits ESA across the visible region of the spectrum, but that it is not as extensive as for molecules such as the phthalocyanines. The magnitude of the third-order polarizability is dominated by resonance enhancement from a very strongA g →B u one-photon absorption. The calculated off-resonance value for γ(ω;ω,ω, − ω) suggests that SBAC is a potential candidate for ultrafast switching applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112837
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  • 91
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    Generation of high-order rotational lines by four-wave Raman mixing using a high-power picosecond Ti:Sapphire laser (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 121-124 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 51.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract More than thirty rotational lines equally spaced by 587 cm−1 are generated simultaneously in the vicinity of the fundamental line by four-wave Raman mixing using a high-power picosecond Ti:Sapphire laser as a pump source and hydrogen as a Raman medium. Since the wavelength of this multifrequency laser emission extends from the near-infrared to the near-ultraviolet, it can be utilized as a tunable light source for picosecond spectroscopy. Because of the wide spectral bandwidth available, this procedure has great potential for the generation of ultrashort laser pulses by mode-locking these emission lines.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01095260
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    Photorefraction in the ultraviolet: Materials and effects (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 351-360 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.25.Bs ; 42.65 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Doped as well as nominally pure crystals of Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3), ι-Arginine Phosphate (LAP), Lithium Iodate (LiIO3), Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP), Lithium Formate (LFM), Beta-Barium Borate (BBO), and lithium tetra borate were grown and investigated for photorefractive effects at ultraviolet wavelengths down to 333 nm. In nominally undoped LiNbO3 crystals strong beam coupling effects were observed. In contrast to the visible we revealed a diffusion-dominated charge transport mechanism based on holes, and a low photovoltaic field in the order of 550 V/cm. With such a crystal we investigated the modulation transfer function of a lensless image projection system based on a phase conjugation scheme. A spatial frequency response beyond 2800 line pairs per millimeter was observed. Photorefractive beam coupling was also obtained in LiIO3. Light-induced scattering was detected in iron-doped LiIO3 whereas as-grown LAP material did not exhibit any observable photorefractive effects. However, 100 kV X-ray irradiation seems to induce material defects which can lead to weak light-induced scattering at 351 nm. In all other above-mentioned materials, doped as well as undoped, light-induced scattering could not be observed. On the other hand, this is appreciated in all the applications where the crystals are used as nonlinear material for optical frequency conversion.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081535
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  • 93
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    Continuous-wave mode-locked solid-state lasers with enhanced spatial hole burning (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 429-437 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We systematically investigate the difference between both actively and passively mode-locked lasers with Gain-at-the-End (GE) and Gain-in-the-Middle (GM) at the example of Nd:YLF lasers. The GE laser generates pulse widths approximately three times shorter than a comparable GM cavity. This is due to enhanced Spatial Hole Burning (SHB) which effectively flattens the saturated gain and allows for a larger lasing bandwidth compared to a GM cavity. We first investigate enhanced SHB by measuring the cw mode spectrum, where we have observed that the mode spacing in GE cavities depends primarily on the crystal length. This was also confirmed for a Nd:LSB crystal, where the pump absorption length was significantly shorter than the crystal length. In mode-locked operation, pulse widths of 4 ps for passive mode locking and 5 ps for active mode locking are demonstrated with GE cavities, compared to 11 ps for passive and 17 ps for active mode locking with GM cavities. Additionally, the time-bandwidth product for the GE cavity is approximately twice the ideal product for a sech2 pulse shape and cannot be improved by dispersion compensation alone, while the GM cavity has nearly ideal time-bandwidth-limited performance. The results for the GM cavity compare well to existing theories taking into account the added effect of pump-power-dependent gain bandwidth which increases the bandwidth of Nd: YLF from 360 to 〉 500 GHz. In a following paper [1] (called Part II) a rigorous theoretical treatment of the effects due to SHB will be presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081271
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    Shot-by-shot frequency calibration of CARS spectra: Application to the measurement of the collisional line shift in oxygen (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 521-525 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.60 ; 42.65 ; 33.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A technique using a Fabry-Perot interferometer has been developed to calibrate high-resolution spectra obtained by Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS). This technique was used to measure simultaneously the Raman frequency and the Raman signal at each laser shot. We demonstrate the accuracy of the method by measuring theQ(15) line shifts of molecular oxygen due to collisions with oxygen and water vapour.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081054
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  • 95
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    Influence of dephasing relaxation on the transient properties of parametric four-wave mixing (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 55-61 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Transient parametric scattering is investigated theoretically using density matrix perturbation theory. Emphasis is placed on the effects of population and transverse or dephasing relaxation on the scattered parametric pulse durations. Pulse duration measurement provides important insight into the actual transient temporal behavior of four-wave mixing processes and is shown to be a potentially useful technique for the characterization of material time constants and incident pulse shape.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697948
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  • 96
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    Dressed-atom approach for probe spectroscopy in Doppler-broadened three-level systems with standing-wave saturator (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 115-129 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.65 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The three-level probe spectroscopy of Doppler-broadened transitions in the presence of a standing wave pump laser is investigated through a diagrammatic method. A probe-response diagram is defined where the resonance positions versus the probe laser frequency and absorber velocity are plotted. The dressed atom description provides a convenient method for deriving the probe response diagram and calculating the position of the Doppler-free structures on the absorption spectrum, including the ac Stark shifts. We have interpreted probe spectra on the basis of the probe response diagram, presenting new features and giving a detailed physical interpretation of all the coherent effects appearing in the spectra. Population effects are not included in the dressed system analysis and are calculated on the basis of a semiclassical treatment, but the probe response diagram provides a complete interpretation of the involved phenomena.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702607
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    Multistep ionization of CS2 vapour (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 153-155 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on the multistep ionization process observed in CS2 vapour irradiated by 337 nm nitrogen laser light. We propose and discuss a model in which optical as well as collisional excitation are involved in the ionization process.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688836
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    Dispersion of phase response of dye solutions using picosecond excitation (1985)
    Springer
    Applied physics 37 (1985), S. 41-45 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dispersion of phase response (frequency-dependent light-induced variations of the refractive index) of a solution of bleachable dye 3955 due to variation in the populations of the ground and excited states of molecules is investigated using wavelength-tuned picosecond light pulses. On the wavelengths of the dye absorption band the refractive index increases under bleaching, and in the fluorescence band it decreases, what is in qualitative agreement with the expected picture.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691691
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  • 99
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    Frequency mixing in a gas-filled waveguide for VUV light generation (1985)
    Springer
    Applied physics 37 (1985), S. 93-97 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Advantages of nonlinear frequency-mixing in gas-filled waveguides to generate vuv radiation are analyzed. Under phase-matching conditions the waveguides are shown to provide a much higher conversion efficiency (up to 102÷104 times) as compared to the tight focusing into the bulk gas medium. Estimations of the improvements for cw and pulse vuv generation are presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692555
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  • 100
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    Numerical study of energy transfer between a beam and its internal reflection component in a nonlinear medium (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 51-56 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 78.20 ; 42.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical study is presented of a special case of stationary energy transfer in degenerate two-wave mixing in a reflection geometry. The two interacting beams consist of a beam and its first-order internal reflection component created at the boundary of a nonlinear medium. Numerical results obtained from the computer calculations are presented as graphs. It is found that, under suitable conditions, this phenomenon can be used to eliminate the multiple internal reflections.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690025
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