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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic studies of degenerate four-wave-mixing in an azobenzene-doped polymer film with an optical pump (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 5357-5361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Degenerate four-wave-mixing was performed in azobenzene-doped polymethyl methacrylate film under a low power continuous-wave laser at 632.8 nm with a pulsed pump laser of 532 nm. Different temporal profiles of the degenerate four-wave-mixing signal were observed under different pump energies, which originated from the relaxation processes between the energy levels of azobenzene during the photoisomerization, especially the transferring processes between the triplet states of the two isomers, trans and cis. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470570
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of photorefractive diffraction dynamic in paraelectric KTa1−xNbxO3 crystals (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 8050-8058 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamics of photorefractive diffraction in paraelectric KTa1−xNbxO3 crystals during writing, reading, and erasing have been studied systematically. Experimental observations related not only to the diffraction from the first-order photorefractive grating but also to that from the second-order photorefractive grating, and where a writing beam with spots smaller than, as well as larger than, the entrance surface of the crystal was used. All the complicated behaviors observed have been explained qualitatively. An electron-hole transport model and a nonequilibrium screening model have been applied, and the existence of an internal dc electric field induced during writing simultaneously by an optical field and an externally applied field has been suggested and demonstrated. The significant influence of this induced field is indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353920
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on the optical poling process in a side-chain polymer system (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 3848-3852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An improvement to the Fiorini and Nuzi's theory for all-optical poling is proposed. The influence of cis is taken into account in the photoinduced process. An analytical expression for the dynamic optical poling process is derived. Contrary to Fiorini and Nuzi's theory which is based on unique process, three processes exist in the time evolution of the photoinduced second-order susceptibility χ(2) during the optical poling: two of which are fast and the other one which is slow. Furthermore we discuss the influence of temperature on the poling process in a side-chain polymer system with a high glass transition temperature. It is predicted that the two fast processes will become even faster and their relative contribution to the magnitude of χ(2) will decrease with the increase of temperature. The prediction is verified by our experiment with disperse red 19-functionalized polyimide polymer. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1286286
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the temperature dependence of optical poling between guest-host and side-chain polymer films (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 681-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A comparison of temperature-dependent optical poling between two azopolymers, a side-chain polymer system (disperse red 19-functionalized polyimide polymer) and a guest-host polymer (dispersed red 1-doped polymethyl methacrylate), has been performed at various poling temperatures ranging from 25 to 70 °C. The observed saturation levels of induced second-order nonlinear susceptibility in all cases could be resolved into two components with a faster and a slower decay process after poling, which were respectively attributed to the cis-to-trans isomerization and the loss of induced polar order by orientational diffusion of azo chromophores. The saturation level and its slower decay component were observed to increase with the increase of poling temperature in the side-chain polymer, but to decrease in the guest-host system. The faster decay components were observed to decrease with poling temperature in both the systems. The decay times of the faster component decreased with temperature in the two polymers. The decay times of the slower component in the guest-host polymer, which were much smaller than those in the side-chain polymer, also decreased with temperature. All the observations have been explained physically. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369147
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Third-order optical nonlinearity of the carbon nanotubes (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 164-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Third-order optical nonlinearity of the carbon nanotubes was investigated with both 30-ps-wide and 8-ns-wide Nd:YAG laser beams. Both 1064 and 532 nm were used in each case. The nonlinear optical temporal response was obtained both on the picosecond scale and on the nanosecond scale, and the corresponding mechanism is discussed. Finally, we have compared the average contribution of one carbon atom to the third-order optical nonlinearity in the carbon nanotubes with that in C60, finding some enhancement of the third-order optical nonlinearity in the carbon nanotubes. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123282
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-induced infrared absorption spectra and properties of impurity levels in doped photorefractive BaTiO3 (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 5295-5299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Light-induced absorption spectroscopy, the decay process of light-induced absorption, and its temperature dependence were investigated to study the properties of the photorefractive impurity levels in doped BaTiO3. Light-induced absorption spectra in one Rh-doped and two Ce-doped BaTiO3 crystals from 0.7 to 3.0 μm were measured and it was found that the light-induced absorption of all these crystals approached zero above ∼1.3 μm. A two-shallow-level model is proposed to explain the biexponential behavior of the decay of the induced absorption in BaTiO3:Ce. The activation energies are deduced to be 0.72 eV for the single-shallow level in BaTiO3:Rh, 0.50 and 0.66 eV for the two shallow levels in the 8 ppm Ce-doped BaTiO3, and 0.50 and 0.74 eV for that in the 30 ppm Ce-doped BaTiO3. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366294
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-pumped phase conjugation with a new mechanism in KTa1−xNbxO3:Fe crystals (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 1745-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new model is proposed to explain the origin of the self-pumped phase conjugation (SPPC) that we have observed in KTa1−xNbxO3:Fe crystals. In this model SPPC is generated by both four-wave mixing and backscattering processes rather than by only one of them. The advantage of this kind of phase conjugator is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110807
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutually coherent beam induced self-pumped phase conjugate reflection in BaTiO3 (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 830-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A self-pumped phase conjugate reflection induced by another mutually coherent incident beam has been observed and explained successfully for the first time in a photorefractive crystal BaTiO3. Other relevant phenomena, such as the destruction of the coupling channel when two incident beams are mutually coherent, have also been studied. Possible applications are pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102444
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wavelength dependence of two-beam coupling gain coefficients of BaTiO3:Ce crystals (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 458-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two-beam coupling gain coefficients of transmission and reflection gratings in BaTiO3:Ce crystals versus wavelength between 570 and 680 nm have been measured. The former decreases more quickly than predicted by theory. The latter was found to vary significantly with wavelength, while theory shows that it should vary little. In order to explain the experimental results we assumed that the effective carrier number density Neff depends on wavelength. By calculating Neff from the measured results we found that Neff is approximately a linearly decreasing function of wavelength. The slopes and intercepts for the linear functions are given for the two crystals studied. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114535
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influences of iron doping on the photorefractive properties of KTa1−xNbxO3 crystals (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 2186-2188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influences of iron doping on the photorefractive properties of KTa1−xNaxO3 (KTN) crystals were studied. The two-wave-mixing gain coefficients and the grating formation rates were measured in undoped and Fe-doped KTN samples. Photorefractive parameters, such as the effective carrier number density, were determined for these samples. It was shown that the gain coefficient increases significantly with the doped Fe content, but the grating formation rate decreases with it, and that all the influences of iron doping originate mainly from the variation of the effective carrier number density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110578
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