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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (155,762)
  • 1990-1994  (66,038)
  • 1980-1984  (43,083)
  • 1975-1979  (36,058)
  • 1925-1929
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  • 1
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    The giant squid Architeuthis in southern African waters (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 224 (3). pp. 431-477.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: Three specimens of the rare giant squid (genus Architeuthis, 18 nominal species) are described from the waters around southern Africa. Consideration of their internal and external morphology, including beaks, radula, statocyst and statolith give no reason to suppose that the three specimens do not pertain to the same species. A standardized data collection form and a summary of existing morphometric data are presented for the first time and the morphology and systematics of the genus are discussed. The value of various systematic characters is examined and certain guidelines are proposed, with an appeal for a more scientific approach to Architeuthis studies. Features of the internal anatomy, including the female reproductive tract, are described and illustrated and the beak dimensions are used to evaluate existing regression formulae for beak and body parameters. The statocyst and statolith are described and illustrated in full, the statolith for the first time, and are compared with those of other squids. The value of recent data from trawl-caught specimens, as well as indirect evidence, is cited to replace speculation in discussions on distribution and habitat. Our specimens suggest that the waters off the south-western coast of Africa may be one of the natural habitats of Architeurhis, during both feeding and spawning periods of the life cycle.
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  • 2
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    Evidence for exploitative interspecific competition in mud snails (Hydrobiidae) (1976)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Oikos, 27 (3). pp. 367-376.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-31
    Description: Some of the basic assumptions implied in the theory of limiting similarity of coexisting competitors were investigated experimentally in the case of three congeneric, deposit feeding snails. The species show character displacement with respect to size when coexisting. In experimental containers with a natural substrate, interspecific, exploitative competition between snails of the same size range is as intense as intraspecific competition. Diatoms of a given size range, which constitute the most important food, show a "logistic" growth response to grazing, and individual growth of the snails is linearly related to diatom density. The previous observation that the snails show size dependent selection for ingested particle sizes is extended to show that this mechanism leads to a real resource partitioning between snails of different sizes. Size frequency distribution of diatoms in the sediment is a function of the sizes of grazing snails. Size selection of ingested sand grains may also be significant for resource partitioning since the migration rate of the attached microflora between sand grains seems to be slow relative to its growth on the individual sand grains.
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  • 3
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    A note on the eggs of Benthoctopus piscatorum (Cephalopoda: Octopoda) (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 223 (3). pp. 499-500.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: Benthoctopus piscatorum appears to be a multiple spawner. In the ovary of one specimen about 50 eggs were found at various stages of development.
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  • 4
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    Prey species and nutritive value of food fed during summer to King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonica chicks at Possession Island, Crozet Archipelago (1992)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Ibis, 134 (2). pp. 118-127.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-29
    Description: The diet of King Penguins Aptenodytes patagonica at Possession Island was studied in February 1989 by analysis of 20 stomach contents collected from adult birds, just before they fed their single chicks. The mean mass of the samples was 1.84 kg, equivalent to 15% of the unladen adult body-mass. Fish accounted for 99.8% and squids for 0.2% by mass. The main prey were mesopelagic myctophid fish which live in dense shoals and perform a daily vertical migration. Subadults/adults of Electrona carlsbergi and juveniles and subadults/adults of Krefftichthys anderssoni represented 73.7 and 13.4% of the diet by mass, respectively. No difference was found in the diet of male and female King Penguins. Comparison of individual samples suggests that these birds catch a large quantity of fish from only a limited number of shoals. The mean caloric content of the food was 7 kJ/g wet mass. The total energy requirement of each chick during its initial period of growth was estimated to amount to 328,000 kJ, equivalent to 55 kg of food. The rate at which energy was delivered to the chick was calculated to be 50 W during this period.
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  • 5
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    A histological study of the accessory reproductive organs of femaleLoligo forbesi(Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) (1992)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 226 (3). pp. 469-490.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: In Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, the female reproductive system consists of the ovary and accessory reproductive organs which include the oviducal gland, the nidamental gland, the accessory nidamental gland and seminal receptacle. Histological studies were made on the accessory reproductive organs of female L. forbesi. The various changes observed during maturation are described and the functional significance discussed. The secretions produced by the oviducal gland and nidamental gland apparently form the egg coats. The seminal receptacle serves to store spermatozoa after mating. The function of the accessory nidamental gland is unknown.
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  • 6
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    Morphological variation in shallow-water octopuses (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) (1994)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 232 (3). pp. 491-504.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: Whether the study of external morphology can increase our knowledge of shallow-water octopuses and their biology is tested by multivariate morphometric analyses. The extent of morphological variation among 20 species from the Atlantic and eastern tropical Pacific Oceans is explored, and four hypotheses are addressed: (1) that octopuses show secondary sexual dimorphism; (2) that remote, ostensibly conspecific populations are morphologically distinct; (3) that morphometric characters contribute to resource partitioning among sympatric species; and (4) that morphology is predictably associated with habitat. Results of principal components analysis show most species to be very similar in shape. Arm length contributes most shape variation; other characters contribute little. Principal components and size-free discriminant analyses refute each of the hypotheses considered. The morphological similarity of isolated Atlantic populations may be a symplesiomorphy, but information on the planktonic phase of the octopus lire cycle supports the possibility of dispersal across the Atlantic Ocean. Size, not directly treated here, may significantly affect some aspects of octopus biology. Increased female size may evolve due to selection for increased fecundity and intraspecific niche partitioning. Size may also indicate interaction within and among species. Characters of shape, deemed essential to species descriptions, do not appear to be able to identify most specimens, nor to increase our understanding of octopus biology.
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  • 7
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    Cephalopods in the diet of the South African fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) (1990)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 221 (3). pp. 359-374.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: The stomach contents of 1522 adult seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) and 673 pups, which were collected around the West and South Coasts of Southern Africa, were examined and cephalopod prey identified. About 20 cephalopod species (some identifications were uncertain) were found in the stomachs, of which only six were significant: Loligo vulgaris reynaudii. Sepia spp., Octopus sp., Todaropsis eblanae, Todarodes angolensis and Ocythoe tuberculata. This list suggests that A. pusillus feeds exclusively on the continental shelf, frequently on or near the bottom. Among adults, cephalopod prey varied in importance around the coast. It was most important on the South Coast of South Africa where it comprised 35.0% of the weight of all prey, of which L. v. veynaudii constituted about 88%. On the West Coast cephalopods comprised about 26.6% by weight of all prey, and Octopus sp. predominated, whereas in Namibian waters cephalopods were least important, constituting only 3.4% by weight of all prey, with Todarodes angolensis and Octopus sp. being most significant. Among pups (aged 8–10 months) in the Lüderitz (Namibia) area, cephalopods were about 16.9% of prey by weight, of which Ocythoe tuberculata, small Sepia spp. and Octopoda were most important.
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  • 8
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    Structure of the reproductive system of the squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida) (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 224 (2). pp. 271-283.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: The structure of the reproductive systems of mature males and females of the nektonic, oceanic squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus are described. The main peculiarities of the female system are relatively low capacity oviducts, set in a tight spiral, and hypertrophically developed oviducal glands with a very large second section. The male reproductive system is characterized by a long, narrow Needham's sac containing 10–15 large spermatophores 80–100 mm in length. The mesentery supporting the gonad, and protruding into it dorsally, is a characteristic feature in both sexes. The hectocotylus structure differs markedly from that in other squids and resembles that of sepiids. The reproductive system of T. rhombus possesses primitive features (pattern of gonad attachment and hectocotylus) but mostly secondary characters (small oviducts, very large oviducal glands and ovary). The complex morpho-ecological adaptations of T. rhombus are reflected in the distinctive features of the reproductive system.
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  • 9
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    Seasonal variation in the diet of common seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Moray Firth area of Scotland (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 223 (4). pp. 641-652.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: Seasonal variation in the diet of common seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Moray Firth, north-east Scotland, was determined from analysis of faecal samples collected at haul-out sites during each month of 1988. Data on diet of common seals in 1987 are also presented. Limitations of the methods available for quantification of diet are discussed. Although some of the observed variation in diet from month to month may reflect changes in the sampling regime, a clear seasonal pattern was apparent, with clupeids predominating in the winter and sandeels in the summer. The trends observed are consistent with opportunistic feeding on the most abundant Prey.
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  • 10
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    Identification of fish otoliths and bones in faeces and digestive tracts of seals (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 224 (2). pp. 320-328.
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    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
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  • 11
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    Digestive tract contents of seals in Scottish waters: comparison of samples from salmon nets and elsewhere (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 225 (4). pp. 670-676.
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    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
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  • 12
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    Deep-sea cephalopods of the north-western Mediterranean: indications of up-slope ontogenetic migration in two bathybenthic species (1992)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology, 227 (2). pp. 267-276.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-17
    Description: The cephalopod fauna collected during six surveys carried out in the bathyal basin of the north-western Mediterranean is discussed. Samples were taken at depths mainly between 1000 and 2000 m. Ten species were identified. Bathypolypus sponsalis and Neorossia caroli were the commonest species. Small individuals of both these species occurred at greater depths than did larger individuals, suggesting up-slope ontogenetic migration. The depth ranges recorded for all species collected are discussed and compared to the results of previous studies found in the literature.
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  • 13
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    Tackling the Sulfide Gradient: A Novel Strategy Involving Marine Nematodes and Chemoautotrophic Ectosymbionts (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Marine Ecology, 12 (3). pp. 261-279.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-31
    Description: The Stilbonemutinue (marine free-living nematodes) arc remarkable for cctosymbiotic bacteria, which cover the greatest part of their body in a highly ordered and species specific pattern. Using SEM we describe the main types of symbiotic cover and give evidence for the role of the bacteria in the nutrition of their host on the basis of stable carbon isotope ratios. In experimental systems the worms migrated repeatedly across a sulfide gradient during 12 h when sulfide concentrations were low, but stayed above the sulfide maximum at high concentrations. The migration across the chemocline exposes the symbionts alternately to reduced sulfur compounds and oxygen; this constitutes an alternative strategy to the ventilation/circulation systems in symbiotic macrofauna from sulfidic habitats
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  • 14
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    Habitat Selection and Life Cycle Characteristics of Five Species of the Amphipod Genus Gammarus in the Baltic (1981)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Oikos, 37 (2). p. 173.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-06
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  • 15
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    Habitat Selection and Distribution Patterns of Five Species of the Amphipod Genus Gammarus (1979)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Oikos, 33 (2). pp. 316-322.
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-06
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  • 16
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    Growth of the Mediterranean GorgonianLophogorgia ceratophyta(L., 1758) (1993)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Marine Ecology, 14 (4). pp. 329-340.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-04
    Description: Growth of the shallow-water gorgonian Lophogorgia ceratophyta was investigated in an infralittoral station located in La Spezia Gulf, Ligurian Sea. Mean annual height growth rate was estimated to be 2.57 cm · a-1. The fractal dimension of the colonies was found to gradually evolve in complexity, exhibiting a simpler branching pattern in younger specimens. The maintenance of a low, invariable ramification complexity as an optimal choice in managing relationships between water and the colony's living tissues is also discussed.
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  • 17
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    The effects of salinity and temperature on the development and survival of fish parasites (1978)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Fish Biology, 12 (4). pp. 311-323.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-11
    Description: In brackish water the variety of marine and freshwater parasite species is considerably reduced. The distribution in brackish water of most marine endoparasites is restricted by the salinity tolerance of their hosts, most of the parasite species are more tolerant than their hosts. The influence of salinity and temperature on nine species has been examined; first stage larvae of Contracaecum aduncum develop in 0-32‰ salinity; Cryptocotyle lingua proved to be infective at salinities down to 4‰. The greatest resistance was found in Anisakis larvae from herring Clupea harengus, which survived for more than half a year. Parasites in the fish intestines appear to be unaffected by changing water salinities, as the osmolarity in the intestines stays nearly constant. Marine ectoparasites (Acanthochondria depressa, Lepeophtheirus pectoralis) survive about three times longer than freshwater species (Piscicola geometra, Argulus foliaceus) when salinity is 16‰. High temperature increases the effects of adverse salinities on parasites. There is evidence that none of these ecto-parasitic species can develop within the range of 7-20‰ salinity.
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  • 18
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    Benthic standing stock and metabolic activity in the bathyal Red Sea from 17°N to 27°N (1993)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Marine Ecology, 14 . pp. 67-79.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-05
    Description: To study the impact of the gradient of primary production between the southern, central, and northern Red Sea, benthic metabolism and standing stocks were investigated in the axial trough between 17°N and 27°N. Data on sediment chloroplastic pigments, macrofauna and meiofauna abundance, particulate adenylate, protein and carbohydrate biomass, as well as electron transport activity of the sediment community give evidence for an enhanced benthic standing stock and activity in the southern Red Sea south of 18°N; this is related to the increased primary productivity in the area south 16°N. Despite a large primary production only small benthic standing stocks were found in all areas investigated; they are much smaller than in other parts of the world's deep oceans with comparable primary production. The low benthic biomass is caused by two factors: a large proportion of particulate organic carbon is remineralized in the water column, while only a relatively small amount sediments to the sea floor; nearly all sedimented particulate organic matter is respired by the benthic community of the deep Red Sea and only a minute proportion is used for the production of benthic biomass.
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  • 19
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    Ihering's hypothesis in the light of foraminiferological data (1991)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Lethaia, 24 (2). pp. 191-198.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-15
    Description: The presence of several typically northern hemisphere foraminiferal species in the upper Miocene and Recent deposits of the Río de la Plata, Paraná river and adjacent areas, and their absence along the Brazilian coast strongly suggests that in the late Miocene the Caribbean and the Southern Atlantic were linked by a marine connection. This connection was first envisioned by H. von Ihering, who called it the ‘Arm of the Tethys’. It was represented by a very broad strait which ran meridionally across the South American continent. In the Pliocene it shrank considerably and its salinity was lowered by Andean river runoff. At the end of the Pliocene - beginning of the Pleistocene it gave rise to the Paraná river, a series of brackish water lakes and lagoons, and the Río de la Plata. □Foraminifera, arm of the Tethys, South America.
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  • 20
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    Respiration and the effects of pressure on the mesopelagic vertically migrating squid Histioteuthis heteropsis (1978)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 23 (4). pp. 735-739.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-05
    Description: The effects of hydrostatic pressure and dissolved oxygen concentration on oxygen consumption rates were examined in the mesopelagic, vertically migrating squid Histioteuthis heteropsis from southern California offshore waters. Elevated hydrostatic pressure (to 136 atm) had no significant effects on oxygen consumption rates at 5°C. Lox oxygen concentrations (〈0.5 ml O2 liter -1) depressed rates of oxygen consumption. These findings suggest that biosis may be necessary to supply the total nergy needs of this species at daytime depths in the oxygen minumum layer off southern California.
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  • 21
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    Terminal spawning in the deepwater squid Moroteuthis ingens (Cephalopoda: Onychoteuthidae) (1994)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Zoology , 234 . pp. 189-201.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-09
    Description: Maturation in the onychoteuthid squid Moroteuthis ingens was found to be irreversible, with death following shortly after sexual maturation and spawning. Both males and females were found with spent gonads. The ovary reaches very large sizes in mature females and probably prevends feeding by constricting the caecum. There was also a marked difference in the tissue with an inelastic, gelantinous appearence. Histological examination of the mantle wall revealed that the tissue breakdown was due to a drastic histolysis of muscle tissue and, to a lesser extent, collagen fibres. Mature males also showed some tissue breakdown and loss of muscle fibres but this was not as dramatic as in the females. These features are considered in relation to processes contributing to terminal maturation in M. ingens.
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular rheology of polymer solutions: Interpretation and utility (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Molecular theories of polymer rheology are reviewed with emphasis on predictions of the more familiar properties: non-Newtonian viscosity and normal stress in steady shear, complex viscosity in oscillatory shear, and elongational viscosity in extensional flow. Both dilute and concentrated solutions are discussed, with emphasis on the former. An important objective is clarification of polymer modeling strategies and how they are related to polymer structure. The intended readership consists of those engineers familiar in a general way with continuum polymer rheology, but with no special expertise in polymer physical or theoretical chemistry.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210102
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dynamic method for catalyst diffusivities (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 58-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is shown that a pulse-response technique can be used with the Wicke-Kallenbach type of diffusion cell to determine effective diffusivities in catalyst pellets. The diffusivity is a function of the retention time of the pulse of diffusing gas in the pellet. Experimental values obtained with an alumina pellet agreed well with expected results for this type of material.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210106
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapor-liquid equilibrium: Part IV. Reduction of P-x data for ternary systems (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Total pressure measurements taken for the ternay systems acetone-chloroform-methanol and chloroform-ethanol-n-heptane at 50°C are reduced by Barker's method and correlated by an equation similar to one proposed by Wohl (1953).
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210108
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flexible solutions to linear programs under uncertainty: Inequality constraints (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In most industrial applications the linear model used for optimization by linear programming involves significant uncertainties and inaccuracies in the model parameters. This paper presents a framework which allows uncertainties in the matrix elements of the linear program to be taken into account without requiring detailed knowledge of the statistical characterstics of these uncertainties. Three cases for the inequality constrained problem are considered: independent variations in the array elements, column dependent variations, and row dependent variations. In each case the problem can still be solved as a linear program. In the first two cases, the problem size is doubled, while for the row dependent case a finitely terminating cutting plane algorithm is constructed.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210109
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal effects in gas absorption (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 96-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The transformation of the energy equation from the mass average to the volume average reference frame exposes a pseudo Dufour effect. The theoretical model for absorption into a stagnant liquid including this effect, the heat of absorption, variable density, an interfacial velocity, and an arbitrary equilibrium condition at the interface is able to predict experimental data over a wide range of conditions. The data consisted of liquid temperature profiles and mass transfer rates into a stagnant liquid. The ammonia-water system exhibited interfacial temperature rises from 6.9°K to 18.2°K. The interfacial temperature rise for the propane-decane system was 1.3°K. Simpler theoretical models were able to predict the mass transfer rates or the temperature profiles.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210112
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of bubble diameter in gaseous fluidized beds (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bubble size is one of the most important parameters in the design and simulation of a fluidized-bed reactor.A correlation of the bubble size and growth in fluidized beds of various diameters is developed. A maximum bubble diameter determined from the bubble coalescence is incorporated in the correlation to relate the effect of the bed diameter on the bubble size.Experimental data of bubble size reported are used to develop and test the validity of the correlation. The bubble diameters calculated using this correlation show good agreement with the observed bubble diameters.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Ignition on catalytic wires: Kinetic parameter determination by the heated-gas technique (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 176-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    New methods for the estimation of the viscosity coefficients of pure gases at moderate pressures (with particular reference to organic vapors) (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 181-183 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    An analysis of turbulent pipe flow with viscosity variation in the wall region (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 187-189 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210132
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    Evaluating flows of non - Newtonian fluids by the method of equivalent Newtonian viscosity (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 198-200 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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    Radiative transfer and interactions with conduction and covection, M. N. Ozisik, Wiley, New York (1974). 575 pages. $ 18.95 (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 203-203 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210139
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    The McGraw-Hill dictionary of scientific and technical terms, Daniel N. Lapedes, Editor-in-Chief, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York (1974). $39.50 (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 206-206 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210142
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    Particle-gas dispersion effects in confined coaxial jets (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 372-379 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objective of this study was to determine the mixing characteristics of two-phase, confined, coaxial jets. Gas composition, gas velocity, and particle mass flux radial profiles were obtained at different axial stations using 20% by weight of 6 or 30 μm spherical aluminum particles in the primary stream. Additional tests were conducted without particles. Radial profiles for gas composition, velocity, and particle flux were correlated using the principle of similarity. In the gas phase, mass mixed more rapidly than momentum, and the 6 μm particles mixed less rapidly than mass or momentum. Systems with low primary density and low secondary velocity mixed most rapidly. An implicit numerical model was developed to predict the rate of mixing of the gas/particle mixture. The model included coupled dynamic and thermal nonequilibrium effects between the gas and solid phases. Comparisons of model predictions and experimental results were good.
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    Gas absorption accompanied by instantaneous bimolecular reaction in turbulent liquids (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 534-540 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gas absorption accompanied by instantaneous bimolecular reaction in turbulent liquids (Re 〉 1200) is treated in terms of an eddy diffusion model. The species balance equations are integrated for the eddy diffusivity varying as the square of the distance from the free surface. Experimental mass transfer coefficients were measured in a wetted-wall column for the absorption of carbon dioxide in aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions. Experimental results were obtained for carbon dioxide partial pressures of 1.0 and 1.5 atm. and for sodium hydroxide concentrations varying between 0.020 and 0.220 N over the Reynolds number range 1400 to 5400. The experimental data showed good agreement with the theoretical calculations, the mean deviation being 8.2%.
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    Analysis of time-delay systems by series approximation (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 567-571 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method of analyzing the behavior of dynamic systems containing time delays is presented. The method, which is based on the construction of a subsidiary system where the delayed state variables are approximated by Taylor series expansion, is simple and easy to apply. The stability and the region of stability of the subsidiary equation correspond closely to that of the original system.
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    Spatially growing disturbances in liquid films (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 594-595 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210324
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    Transport of mass in ternary liquid-liquid systems. Part II. Mass transfer and interfacial studies (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 575-582 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objective of this work is to experimentally examine mass transfer during liquid-liquid extraction in the system acetonitrile-benzene-n-heptane. The interfacial characteristics of the system are simultaneously investigated. (Part I deals with the diffusion properties of the system).The mass transfer experiments are conducted in a stirred extraction cell of the Lewis type. The transfer between an unsaturated and nearly saturated phase is studied. The mass transfer coefficients for the partially miscible binary system, and for those ternary experiments in which the slope of the operating line was negative are found to be independent of the driving force. A photographic investigation, which employed the schlieren technique, indicates that Marangoni-type instabilities are absent in such experiments. However, in ternary experiments, in which the slope of the operating line is positive and above a certain critical value the mass transfer coefficients decreases as equilibrium approached. The schlieren results confirm the presence of interfacial turbulence for this case.The driving-force dependence of the turbulent mass transfer coefficients is explaine using a surface renewal model. The model provides a correlation for the results of ternary experiments in which interfaical turbulence is present.
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    An analysis of turbulent pipe flow for a viscoelastic fluid (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 597-598 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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    A comprehensive correlating equation for heat and component transfer by free convection (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 604-606 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    On the influence of liquid elasticity on mixing in a vessel agitated by a combined ribbon-screw impeller (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 613-615 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210334
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    The elements of chemical kinetics and reactor calculations: A self-paced approach, H. Scott Fogler, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. (1974). 497 pages. $21.00 (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 621-622 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Spouted beds, Kishan B. Mathur and Norman Epstein, Academic Press, Inc., New York (1974). 304 pages (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 623-623 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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    Errata (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 623-623 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Limits of superheat and explosive boiling of light hydrocarbons, halocarbons, and hydrocarbon mixtures (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 560-566 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The limits of superheat of thirteen light hydrocarbons and four light halocarbons were experimentally measured at one atmosphere using a superheating column. While there was some variation in the number of degrees to which a compound could be superheated before boiling explosively, in all cases the reduced limits TL/Tc were close to 0.88. The measured superheat limits of three binary hydrocarbon systems and several ternary mixtures were close to mole fraction averages of the limits of the pure components. The results of both pure components and mixtures paralleled predictions of Beegle (1973), based on thermodynamic stability theory. Limits of pure components agreed closely with limits predicted from homogeneous nucleation theory.
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    Statistical characteristics of thin, wavy films III. Structure of the large waves and their resistance to gas flow (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 583-593 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two classes of random waves exist on falling films at flow rates of practical interest; large waves which carry the bulk of the liquid and small waves which cover the substrate. In this paper statistics of the large waves are presented and compared with existing theory. These waves are bimodal in character at ReL 〉 700. The form drag of the large waves is shown to contribute negligibly the observed pressure drop in the gas phase. It is thus concluded that the small wave structure controls the fluid resistance and transfer processes in the gas while the large waves control these same processes in the liquid film.
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    Additional comments on spatially growing disturbances in liquid films (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 596-597 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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    Ion pair formation model for sea salt solutions (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 600-601 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    The functionally near-equivalency of Reynolds and Grashof numbers (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 609-610 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    Real-time time-optimal control of a stirred-tank reactor using Kalman Filtering for state estimation (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 799-804 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents the development and real-time implementation of a time-optimal control algorithm for a continuous stirred-tank reactor. A multivariable time-optimal control law is derived and an Extended Kalman Filter formuated for on-line estimation and filtering. The work demonstrates the powerful capability of real-time computation and decision-making in optimal control and optimal estimation of process states.
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    Pseudo steady state approximation for the numerical integration of stiff kinetic systems (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 817-820 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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    Advances in preconcentration and dehydration of feeds, Arnold Spicer (Ed.), Halsted Press, New York (1974). 526 pages. $60.00 (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 622-623 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Drag reduction fundamentals (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 625-656 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Drag reduction by dilute solutions of linear, random-coiling macromolecules in turbulent pipe flow is reviewed. The experimental evidence is emphasized in three sections concerned with the graphical display of established features of the phenomenon, data correlation and analysis, and the physical mechanism of drag reduction.
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    Process reliability analysis (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 677-686 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a unified approach for obtaining system reliability and availability parameters from block diagram representations of process systems. It starts with computer algorithms for obtaining the minimal paths in a system, then shows how this information can be combined with unit reliability data to obtain the overall system reliability, and the response of system reliability to changes in unit reliability (sensitivities). It then demonstrates how these sensitivities can be used to optimize the system reliability and availability by equipment redundancy. Extension of the methodology to the automated production of system fault trees as well as the mathematical relationship between fault trees and block diagrams are noted.
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    Trickle-bed reactor performance. Part I. Holdup and mass transfer effects (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 706-713 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Liquid holdup and mass transfer rates were measured in a 2.58-cm I.D. tube, packed with glass beads and granular CuO · ZnO catalyst or β-naphthol particles, and operated as a trickle bed. Gas-to-liquid (water) transport coefficients were determined from absorption and desorption experiments with oxygen at 25°C and 1 atm. Liquid-to-particle mass transfer was studied using β-naphthol particles.Holdup and both mass transfer coefficients were unaffected by gas flow rate but increased with liquid rate. The data were correlated with equations that could be used for predicting mass transfer coefficients at high temperatures and pressures for use in the reaction studies reported in Part II.
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    Method of evaluation and reduction of vapor-liquid equilibrium data of binary mixtures (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 735-743 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method to reduce vapor-liquid equilibrium data of binary mixtures and to evaluate a thermodynamic model is presented. It is based on the principle of maximum likelihood. Deviations between all measured and predicted quantities are calculated and confidence limits in model parameters are evaluated from the given estimates of experimental errors. Many examples illustrate the practical applications of the method.
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    Oxygen reduction at an anodically activated platinum rotating disk electrode (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 763-769 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The reduction of oxygen in neutral saline solution and in seawater was studied using the rotating disk electrode (RDE). The objective was to test the applicability of the RDE as a primary reference standard for the measurement of oxygen concentrations below 0.1 ppm in seawater. Limited success was achieved with an activated platinum electrode. A gold electrode was less effective. If one postulates that the 2-electron reduction of oxygen at an activated RDE is rapid, it appears that little or no 4-electron reduction occurs and that the subsequent 2-electron reduction or catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is relatively slow. The anodic activation procedure developed appears to impart a transient catalytic activity to the electrode surface for the peroxide reaction(s).
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    Catalytic activity and selectivity on heterogeneous surfaces with mass transfer (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 786-791 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Effective reaction rates and selectivities on surfaces having active and inactive regions are calculated for systems in which diffusion of reactants and products through a boundary layer is significant. With a single reaction it is shown that rates are larger than those calculated assuming area weighted averages. The selectivity of production of an intermediate in a series of reactions on a heterogeneous surface is higher than on a homogeneous surface, and with parallel reactions selectivities may be lower or higher depending on the kinetics of the competing reaction.Numerical examples from NH3 oxidation on a Pt gauze and CO oxidation in the automotive converter indicate that these effects may be important in determining selectivities and conversions in some industrial reactors.
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    Determination of hindered diffusivities for nonadsorbing pollutants in muds (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1022-1024 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    Biochemical reactors, B. Atkinson, Pion Limited, London (1974). 267 pages. £5.00 (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1037-1037 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210538
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    An analogy for heat transfer with wavy/stratified gas-liquid flow (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 872-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The von Karman analogy between heat transfer and momentum transfer in turbulent fluids is shown to apply to heat transfer through wavy liquid films in horizontal, stratified, gas-liquid flow. Nusselt numbers predicted from the analogy are shown to be in good agreement with experimental data for air-water flows involving three-dimensional wavy films and large-amplitude roll waves. The Nusselt numbers encountered with these turbulent water films are found to be in the same range as those associated with condensation of organics in horizontal tubes under stratified flow conditions.
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    Grouping of many species each consumed by two parallel first-order reactions (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 865-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The behavioral features of a mixture containing many species each of which participates in two competing parallel first-order reactions may deviate significantly from those of the individual species. For example, the grouped selectivity may depend on the conversion and attain up to N-2 extremal values where N is the number of the reactants in the mixture. The kinetics of the grouped species depends on the composition of the feed and can be of an unconventional functional form. The use of empirical grouped kinetics may lead to unexpected pitfalls. For example, grouped rate expressions based on experiments carried out in one reactor may not be adequate for predicting the behavior in a reactor with a different residence time distribution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Dissipation effects in hydrodynamic stability of viscoelastic fluids (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 901-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this paper an analysis is made of the hydrodynamic stability of a Boussinesq viscoelastic fluid undergoing plane Couette flow with a superposed temperature gradient. Of special interest is the effect of including the dissipation term in the energy equation. This term is shown to destabilize the fluid for most values of disturbance wave number and material parameters and to cause overstability for all values of the Brinkman number. At a critical Weissenberg number of 1, a rheological instability is developed which is essentially independent of the Reynolds, Prandtl, and Brinkman numbers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    Flow phenomena in stirred tanks. Part I. The impeller stream (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 931-939 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Flow parameters were measured in a baffled, turbulent, stirred tank agitated by a six-blade, disk style turbine. The working fluid was air. Mean and fluctuating velocities were measured between the blades of the impeller with a probe mounted on the spinning impeller. Mean velocities, turbulent velocities, one-dimensional energy spectra, and Eulerian autocorrelation functions were measured in the impeller stream by using the shielded hot-wire anemometer of Gunkel et al. (1971) which permits the measurement of turbulence parameters in flows of very high turbulence intensity. Reliable impeller pumping capacities were obtained yielding Qrad/ND3 = 1.0 at the impeller periphery. An energy balance on a control volume containing the impeller and the impeller stream showed that the energy put into the tank via the impeller appeared as a net efflux of kinetic energy leaving the control volume. Therefore, most of the energy input to the tank is dissipated in the bulk of the tank.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    Numerical treatment of laminar flow in helically coiled tubes of square cross section. Part I. Stationary helically coiled tubes (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 965-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Numerical solution of steady laminar flow in helically coiled tubes of square cross section for Dean numbers from 0.8 to 307.8 reveal two regimes of secondary flow. Up to Dean number of 100, the expected secondary flow pattern appears with twin counterrotating vortices. Above Dean numbers of 100, a new secondary flow regime, reported here for the first time, appears with four vortices. Flow visualization and pressure drop experiments confirm the transition.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    Drug permeation through human skin: Theory and invitro experimental measurement (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 985-996 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The penetration of drugs and other micromolecules through intact human skin can be regarded as a process of dissolution and molecular diffusion through a composite, multilayer membrane, whose principal barrier to transport is localized within the stratum corneum. A mathematical model of the stratum corneum as a two-phase protein-lipid heterogeneous membrane (in which the lipid phase is continuous) correlates the permeability of the membrane to a specific penetrant with the water solubility of the penetrant and with its lipid-protein partition coefficient.Experimentally measured permeabilities of human skin to a variety of drugs have been found to conform to this model. The extraordinarily low permeability of skin to most micromolecules appears to arise from the very low diffusivity of such molecules in the intercellular lipid phase.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    Effect of colloidal silica on the spreading pressure of silicone fluids (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1016-1017 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    Generalized prediction of isothermal compressibilities and an isothermal equation of state for liquid mixtures (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1024-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    A method of temperature estimation in the bubble point method of iterative distillation calculations (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1223-1225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210629
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    Extensional viscosity and recoil in highly dilute polymer solutions (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1225-1227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    Petroleum evaluations and economic decisions, Arthur W. McCray, Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (1975). 448 pages, $20.95 (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1235-1235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210634
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    Errata (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1237-1237 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210638
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    Thermal cracking of propane and propane-propylene mixtures: Pilot plant versus industrial data (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1065-1073 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The product distribution and kinetics of the thermal cracking of propane and propane-propylene mixtures were investigated for a temperature range of 700° to 850°C, exit total pressures from 1.2 to 2 atm. absolute, and steam dilutions of 0.4 and 1.0. The reaction kinetics were determined by two methods. The first uses the equivalent reactor volume concept to reduce the data to isothermicity before attempting the kinetic analysis. The second determines the parameters directly from the nonisothermal data by means of a search routine. Both methods led to a reaction order of 1. The effect of propylene addition was also investigated. Finally, a detailed molecular reaction scheme was derived from a nonisothermal and nonisobaric simulation of the cracking experiments. This scheme was used in the simulation of an industrial cracker and led to excellent agreement, in particular of the product distribution.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    Group-contribution estimation of activity coefficients in nonideal liquid mixtures (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1086-1099 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A group-contribution method is presented for the prediction of activity coefficients in nonelectrolyte liquid mixtures. The method combines the solution-of-functional-groups concept with a model for activity coefficients based on an extension of the quasi chemical theory of liquid mixtures (UNIQUAC). The resulting UNIFAC model (UNIQUAC Functional-group Activity Coefficients) contains two adjustable parameters per pair of functional groups.By using group-interaction parameters obtained from data reduction, activity coefficients in a large number of binary and multicomponent mixtures may be predicted, often with good accuracy. This is demonstrated for mixtures containing water, hydrocarbons, alcohols, chlorides, nitriles, ketones, amines, and other organic fluids in the temperature range 275° to 400°K.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210607
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    Perturbed hard-chain theory: An equation of state for fluids containing small or large molecules (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1123-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Generalized van der Waals theory is used to establish a partition function that considers the effect of density on rotational and vibrational motions in addition to translational degrees of freedom. A three-parameter equation of state is derived from this partition function. The equation of state is applicable to small, spherical (argon-like) molecules and also to large, structurally complex molecules, including polymers. Parameters are presented for three polymers and twenty-two common fluids including light hydrocarbons, heavy hydrocarbons, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and water. The equation of state gives good liquid densities, and vapor pressures, and fair second virial coefficients.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210612
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    Advanced control practice in the chemical process industry: A view from industry (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 27-38 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a commentary on the status of application of modern control theories to industrial chemical processes. The difficulties encountered in the implementation of advanced control to chemical reactors are critically examined in order to determine the reasons for its limited success to date. Chemical processes, very often poorly understood because of the physicochemical complexities, are nonlinear, highly interacting, spacially dependent, and continuously disturbed by many uncharacterized noises. It is time-consuming and expensive to develop advanced control methods for these systems because few of the available theories can be applied directly. Thus, we often find it difficult to economically justify advanced control projects.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220103
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    An unsteady state method for measuring the permeability of small tubular membranes (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1192-1199 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental method is described for measuring the permeability of small tubular (hollow fiber) membranes by means of an unsteady state diffusion experiment. Permeability data obtained by this method are reported for experimental collagen and commercial cellulose acetate membranes for urea, sucrose, and polyethylene glycol (MW ∼ 4 000).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Reply to the note of Roger and Villermaux (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1209-1209 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210624
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    Polymer conversion, W. A. Holmes-Walker, Halstead Press-John Wiley, N.Y., 1975. $32.50 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 201-201 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220132
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    Aqueous environmental chemistry of metals, Allen J. Rubin, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc. (1974). 390 pages. $20.00 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 202-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220136
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    Flow through permeable beds consisting of layers of different size spheres (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 194-196 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220127
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    Transient diffusion in solids with a bipore distribution (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 147-152 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Transient diffusion of n-butane, iso-butane, and 1-butene in synthetic CaX(Na) spherical pellets is studied in a constant volume, well-stirred system. The intracrystalline diffusion coefficients are in the order of 10-14 cm2/s, and the activation energy is about 7.0 Kcal/g-mole. Experimental data agree well with a mathematical model developed to describe transient diffusion.
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    An interferometric technique for the study of steady state membrane transport (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 175-182 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A membrane wedge interferometer was designed for obtaining steady state mass transfer data on liquid-membrane-liquid systems. Procedures were developed for analyzing the diffusive transfer process, and experiments were conducted on the ethyl alcohol-water-cellophane membrane system to obtain the type of data needed for elucidating mechanisms of membrane transport. The proposed technique provides an accurate method of studying membrane transport without the troublesome complications which characterize other methods.
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    A simple method of calculating effectiveness factors for heterogeneous catalytic gas-solid reactions (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 192-194 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220126
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    Miscibility considerations in the system propane-hexatriacontane (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 199-200 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    Transport phenomena in aqueous solutions, Tibor Erdey-Gruz, Halsted Press (Division of John Wiley & Sons). 512 pages, $37.50, Published December 31, 1974 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 202-202 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220134
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    Pollution engineering practice handbook, P. N. Cheremisinoff and R. A. Young, Ann Arbor Science, 1973 pages. $29.50 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 203-203 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220138
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    Instabilities in polymer processing (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 209-236 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Instabilities which arise in shear and extensional flows in the processing of polymeric liquids are reviewed. The experimental observations and the extent of theoretical understanding of the instabilities are discussed.
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    Studies in chemical process design and synthesis II. Optimal synthesis of dynamic process systems with uncertainty (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 539-549 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The concept of the optimal synthesis of dynamic process systems with uncertain parameters is introduced. A structure parameter approach is used to theoretically derive the necessary condition for the optimal performance system structure, and an effective algorithm for implementing the synthesis method is presented. The results are applied to the optimal synthesis of a reactor-separator system for the dynamic start-up of two reaction systems.
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    Capture of small paramagnetic particles by magnetic forces from low speed fluid flows (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 569-575 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: High gradient magnetic separators are able to capture small, dilute, paramagnetic particles from high velocity fluid flows. Capture cross sections are computed and correlated with dimensionless groups for a bare ferromagnetic collector.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220322
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    Steady state multiplicity of adiabatic gas-liquid reactors: II. The two consecutive reactions case (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 324-331 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model describing two consecutive gas-liquid reactors in a continously stirred-tank reactor is developed with reaction factors used to account for the interactions between the chemical and transport rate processes. A parametric numerical study revealed several interesting effects, including the existence of up to seven steady state solutions. The predictions of the model adequately describe the steady state multiplicity observed during the chlorination of liquid n-decane. It is shown that the steady state multiplicity can serve as an excellent tool for discriminating among rival models and estimation of kinetic parameters.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220215
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  • 92
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    A multicomponent film model incorporating a general matrix method of solution to the Maxwell-Stefan equations (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 383-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Convenient expressions for calculating multicomponent gas phase mass transfer coefficients and transfer rates are obtained by use of an exact matrix method of solution to the Maxwell-Stefan equations. The results are seen to be exact matrix analogues of classical binary relations and may also be applied as an approximation to describe liquid phase transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220222
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  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicomponent, multiphase vapor-liquid equilibrium data from the method of intersecting isochores (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 399-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220226
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport through a growing boundary layer to a permeable wall (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 407-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220230
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onset of draw resonance during isothermal melt spinning: A comparison between measurements and predictions (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 441-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Various polymer melts were spun isothermally to determine the critical extensional strain at which draw resonance occurs. Simultaneously, the variation of apparent spinning viscosity with extensional strain was measured. Experimental results failed to confirm the theoretical prediction that strain thickening behavior leads to enhanced stability.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220305
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dual functional solid liquid separation process based on filtration and settling (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 433-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The dual functional filter combines both the mechanisms of filtration and settling or decantation. The combined mechanisms of separation permit very high degrees of sludge dewatering; for example, slurries containing 0.2 wt. % gelatinous particles have been dewatered to produce a sludge of 35 wt. % particles. A mathematical model which includes both the effects of axial (vertical) variation of pressure driving force and cake compressibility effects is used in conjunction with experimental data to evaluate the dual functional filter performance.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220304
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite amplitude equilibrium waves on the surface of nonvertical falling films (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 867-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental data on the frequency and wavelength of finite amplitude equilibrium waves on the surface of nonvertical laminar falling films of mineral oil at moderate Reynolds numbers are correlated successfully on the basis that the frequency of the wave remains constant during the course of its amplification.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220508
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of hydrocarbons in 13X zeolite (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 882-886 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of sorption of four representative hydrocarbons in 13X zeolite crystals have been investigated at temperatures within the range 409 to 513°K and pressures 0.1 to 100 torr. Extensive diffusivity data are presented showing the dependence on sorbate concentration and temperature. The form of the concentration dependence of the diffusivity for these systems is very similar to that of the small monatomic and diatomic molecules in 5A zeolite. This similarity is understandable, since the key factor which determines the diffusion behavior is the relative size of diffusing molecule and sieve window. For these hydrocarbons in the 13X sieve, as for the monatomic and diatomic gases in 5A, the critical diameters of the diffusing molecules are all appreciably smaller than the free diameter of the windows.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220511
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A test particle approach to flow classification for viscoelastic fluids (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 910-918 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The formulation of the Deborah and Weissenberg dimensionless numbers for viscoelastic fluids by means of a scheme based on the response of hypothetical tracer test particles having the form of elastic dumbbells is presented. By considering the dynamics of these test particles, we can classify flows as being either strong or weak. Consideration of the amount of stretching of a swarm of dumbbells in one relaxation time also provides a definition of the Weissenberg number. A simple workable definition of the Deborah number is given, and, finally, the ideas are applied to a viscoelastic lubrication case, to an inlet flow, and to the flow through porous media.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220515
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of surfactant on the terminal and interfacial velocities of a bubble or drop (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 695-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Stream functions are dervied for a spherical droplet in creeping flow with an arbitary surface tension gradient at its interface. The stream functions are used to show theoretically that the terminal velocity is reduced and that the interfacial velocity is retarded, especially near the rear of the droplet, when a trace of surfactant is present in the exterior phase and when surface aging is controlled by diffusion.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220411
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