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  • Animals
  • ddc:330
  • 2020-2024  (45)
  • 1975-1979  (732)
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  • 1
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: How have our interactions with animals shaped Calgary? What can we do to ensure that humans and animals in the city continue to co-exist, and even flourish together? This wide-ranging book explores the ways that animals inhabit our city, our lives and our imaginations. Essays from animal historians, wildlife specialists, artists and writers address key issues such as human-wildlife interactions, livestock in the city, and animal performers at the Calgary Stampede. Contributions from some of Calgary's iconic arts institutions, including One Yellow Rabbit Performance Theatre, Decidedly Jazz Danceworks, and the Glenbow Museum, demonstrate how animals continue to be a source of inspiration and exploration for fashion, art, dance, and theatre. The full-colour volume is beautifully illustrated throughout with archival images, wildlife photography, documentary and production stills, and original artwork. Calgary: City of Animals is published in co-operation with the Calgary Institute for the Humanities.
    Keywords: Nature ; Animals ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Wie werden Natur und Tiere durch die Multispezies-Ethnographie inklusiv in Forschungsprojekte integriert? Katharina Ameli fokussiert die inter- und multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Aus einer Untersuchung der Schnittstellen zwischen gesellschafts- und naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Fachdisziplinen ergibt sich eine komplexe Betrachtung von Natur, Mensch und Tier. Die Einblicke in Interdependenzen unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen verdeutlichen den Bedarf an einer Multispezies-Ethnographie zur Analyse von MenschenTiereNaturenKulturen.
    Keywords: Natur ; Mensch ; Tiere ; Naturverständnis ; Interdisziplinarität ; Qualitative Forschung ; Kultur ; Ethnographie ; Umwelt ; Tier ; Human-animal Studies ; Umweltsoziologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Nature ; Human ; Animals ; Understanding of Nature ; Interdisciplinarity ; Qualitative Research ; Culture ; Ethnography ; Environment ; Animal ; Environmental Sociology ; Cultural Anthropology ; Sociology of Culture ; Cultural Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: German
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  • 3
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: Animal Metropolis brings a Canadian perspective to the growing field of animal history, ranging across species and cities, from the beavers who engineered Stanley Park to the carthorses who shaped the city of Montreal. Some essays consider animals as spectacle: orca captivity in Vancouver, polar bear tourism in Churchill, Manitoba, fish on display in the Dominion Fisheries Museum, and the racialized memory of Jumbo the elephant in St. Thomas, Ontario. Others examine the bodily intimacies of shared urban spaces: the regulation of rabid dogs in Banff, the maternal politics of pure milk in Hamilton and the circulation of tetanus bacilli from horse to human in Toronto. Another considers the marginalization of women in Canada’s animal welfare movement. The authors collectively push forward from a historiography that features nonhuman animals as objects within human-centered inquiries to a historiography that considers the eclectic contacts, exchanges, and cohabitation of human and nonhuman animals. With contributions by: Kristoffer Archibald, Jason Colby, George Colpitts, Joanna Dean, Carla Hustak, Darcy Ingram, Sean Kheraj, William Knight, Sherry Olson, Rachel Poliquin, and Christabelle Sethna
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropology ; Environmental Science ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    University Press of Colorado | University Press of Colorado
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World explores the current trends in the social archaeology of human-animal relationships, focusing on the ways in which animals are used to structure, create, support, and even deconstruct social inequalities. The authors provide a global range of case studies from both New and Old World archaeology—royal Aztec dog burial, the monumental horse tombs of Central Asia, and the ceremonial macaw cages of ancient Mexico among them. They explore the complex relationships between people and animals in social, economic, political, and ritual contexts, incorporating animal remains from archaeological sites with artifacts, texts, and iconography to develop their interpretations. Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World presents new data and interpretations that reveal the role of animals, their products, and their symbolism in structuring social inequalities in the ancient world. The volume will be of interest to archaeologists, especially zooarchaeologists, and classical scholars of pre-modern civilizations and societies.  Contributors: Alejandra Aguirre Molina, Benjamin S. Arbuckle, Levent Atici, Douglas V. Campana, Roderick Campbell, Ximena Chá­vez Balderas, Pam J. Crabtree, Susan D. deFrance, Kitty F. Emery, Abigail Holeman, H. Edwin Jackson, Leonardo López Lujá­n, Michael MacKinnon, Arkadiusz Marciniak, Sue Ann McCarty, Neil L. Norman, Gilberto Perez, Bernardo Rodriguez, William A. Saturno, Ashley E. Sharpe, Nawa Sugiyama, Charlotte K. Sunseri, Naomi Sykes, Fabiola Torres, Raul Valadez, Norma Valentin Maldonado, Adam S. Watson, Joshua Wright, Belem Zuniga-Arelleno
    Keywords: History ; Ancient ; Social Science ; Archaeology ; Nature ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Neurodegenerative diseases are the most frequent cause of dementia, representing a burden for public health systems (especially in middle and middle-high income countries). Although most research on this issue is concentrated in first-world centers, growing efforts in South America are affording important breakthroughs. This emerging agenda poses new challenges for the region but also new opportunities for the field. This book aims to integrate the community of experts across the globe and the region, and to establish new challenges and developments for future investigation. We present research focused on neurodegenerative research in South America. We introduce studies assessing the interplay among genetic, neural, and behavioral dimensions of these diseases, as well as articles on vulnerability factors, comparisons of findings from various countries, and works promoting multicenter and collaborative networking. More generally, our book covers a broad scope of human-research approaches (behavioral assessment, neuroimaging, electromagnetic techniques, brain connectivity, peripheral measures), animal methodologies (genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, other molecular biology tools), species (all human and non-human animals, sporadic, and genetic versions), and article types (original research, review, and opinion papers). Through this wide-ranging proposal, we hope to introduce a fresh approach to the challenges and opportunities of research on neurodegeneration in South America.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; South America ; Multicenter research ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neurosciences ; Public Health ; Animals ; Clinical Protocols ; Research ; Human Experimentation ; Dementia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: drugs ; Behavior ; Memory tasks ; pre-clinical ; clinical ; Humans ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Berghahn Books | Berghahn Books
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Employing methodological perspectives from the fields of political geography, environmental studies, anthropology, and their cognate disciplines, this volume explores alternative logics of sentient landscapes as racist, xenophobic, and right-wing. While the field of sentient landscapes has gained critical attention, the literature rarely seems to question the intentionality of sentient landscapes, which are often romanticized as pure, good, and just, and perceived as protectors of those who are powerless, indigenous, and colonized. The book takes a new stance on sentient landscapes with the intention of dispelling the denial of “coevalness” represented by their scholarly romanticization.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Sociology ; Rural ; Nature ; Animals ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSF Rural communities ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WN Natural history::WNC Wildlife: general interest ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-10-02
    Description: Die verheerenden Mengen an Abfall am Ende des Lebenszyklus von Produkten zu bewältigen, gilt als eine der größten Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zu einer Circular Economy. Die negativen Folgen, die sich aus dem Missmanagement von Kunststoffabfällen aufgrund fehlender oder nicht funktionierender Abfallwirtschaftsstrukturen in weiten Teilen der Erde ergeben, werden zunehmend deutlich. Bei der Circular Economy als elementarer Lösungsansatz sollen Stoffströme geschlossen und Produktlebenszyklen verlängert werden. Ein Instrument zur Annäherung an dieses Modell ist der Handel mit sogenannten Plastic Credits - ein Mittel, um den Ausbau regionaler Infrastrukturen für die Sammlung und das Recycling von Kunststoffabfällen zu finanzieren. Die Abnehmer von Plastic Credits sind die treibende Kraft hinter dem Mechanismus. Es ist weiterführende Forschung notwendig, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Frage, wie Unternehmen das Instrument der Plastic Credits nutzen und in ihre Gesamtstrategie integrieren. Diese Masterarbeit widmet sich der dabei vorgelagerten Frage: Existieren bestimmte Profile bei Unternehmen, die in Plastic Credits investieren, und lassen sich hierbei spezifische Cluster bilden? Im Rahmen der Beantwortung dieser Frage wurden Expert*innen-Interviews mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Dabei haben sich drei konkrete Unterfragen ergeben, die sich auf die Motivation, Branchenzugehörigkeit und räumliche Verortung der Abnehmer beziehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Abnehmer von Plastic Credits bereits umfangreich mit der Kunststoffabfallproblematik und der damit verbundenen Auswirkung auf die Umwelt beschäftigen. Offen bleibt, inwiefern Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung von neuartigem Kunststoff, der Verbesserung der Recyclingfähigkeit der Produkte oder der Einsatz von Rezyklaten in der Herstellung dem Weg der Kompensation vorangestellt werden. In Bezug auf die Branchenzugehörigkeit legen die Ergebnisse nahe, dass vorrangig Unternehmen, die mit einem erschwerten Rezyklate-Einsatz konfrontiert sind, in Plastic Credits investieren. Welche Auswirkungen Maßnahmen wie die Entbürokratisierung der Zulassungsverfahren für neue Recyclingprozesse oder verpflichtende Anteile an recycelten Materialien in bestimmten Produkten auf die Investition in Plastic Credits haben, wird sich in Zukunft zeigen. Die Analyse der räumlichen Verortung gab Aufschluss darüber, dass zurzeit im Wesentlichen Unternehmen aus dem globalen Norden in Plastic Credits investieren - jedoch verbunden mit dem Ziel, eine Finanzierung aus den Projektländern heraus zu intensivieren.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: masterthesis , doc-type:masterThesis
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-10-02
    Description: Förderbanken vergeben in Deutschland jährlich mindestens 200 Milliarden Euro an Mitteln für Investitionen, die sonst nicht oder sehr viel später umgesetzt werden könnten. Sie arbeiten im öffentlichen Auftrag und richten ihre Tätigkeit an gesellschaftlichen Zielen aus. Diese Ziele haben sich weiterentwickelt. Angesichts von Klimawandel, Energiekrise und den Herausforderungen einer Kreislaufwirtschaft wollen sowohl die Länder als auch die Bundesregierung ihre Förderbanken umbauen. Gerade die Förderbanken der Länder müssen sich darum jetzt bereit machen für die "Weiterentwicklung von Förderbanken zu Transformationsbanken". Für die erfolgreiche Gestaltung dieses gesellschaftlichen Umbruchs brauchen sie Unterstützung. Wie dies gelingt, zeigt dieser Zukunftsimpuls.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-04-03
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2023-04-03
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 12
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    München : Siedler
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    München : Siedler
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Ob die Rückführung von industriellen und gewerblichen Sekundärkunststoffen, das heißt von Abfällen bzw. von bereits wiederaufbereiteten Kunststoffrezyklaten, gelingen kann, ist von mehreren Faktoren wie insbesondere den spezifischen Materialeigenschaften, den Mengen, in denen sie anfallen, den aktuellen Marktpreisen (auch gegenüber Neuware) und auch der räumlichen Nähe von Sortier- bzw. Wiederaufbereitungsinfrastruktur abhängig. Trotz eigentlich guter Voraussetzungen für ein werkstoffliches Recycling, gelangen einzelne in Unternehmen anfallende Abfallchargen häufig in eine thermische Verwertung, weil sich ein Recycling wirtschaftlich nicht lohnt. Grund hierfür ist unter anderem, dass der Informationsaustausch zu den oben genannten Faktoren für Unternehmen häufig noch sehr mangelhaft ist. Aktuell in Entwicklung befindliche digitale Plattformen und Applikationen sowie zugehörige Geschäfts- und Betreibermodelle, welche Kunststoffverarbeiter untereinander sowie Wertstofferzeuger und -verwerter vernetzen sollen, können künftig höhere Recyclingquoten ermöglichen und ökologische Einsparpotenziale heben. Der Artikel führt Entwicklungen und Ergebnisse aktueller Forschungsprojekte zu solchen Vernetzungen zusammen, zeigt die aktuelle Situation des werkstofflichen Recyclings von industriellen und gewerblichen Kunststoffabfällen auf und beleuchtet welche Voraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche Kreislaufführung von industriellen Kunststoffen gegeben sein müssen. Es wird insbesondere analysiert, in welcher Weise digitale Technologien und die durch sie erzielbare Informationstransparenz eine verbesserte Kreislaufwirtschaft bewirken können und in welcher Weise dies Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke räumlich beeinflussen kann.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-04-24
    Description: Innovative digital technologies open up new opportun­ ities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve energy efficiency and energy management behavior. The question is: How far will SMEs be capable of profiting from the benefits of these new technologies? Using technology screening, this study identifies smart metering and mobile energy monitoring as digital technologies best addressing SMEs' specific demands. In addition, potentials and limitations of the technologies are investigated in two qualitative in-depth field trials. Barriers to adopting digitally enabled energy management practices are examined. The results indicate that visualising energy data enables SMEs to pursue new energy management practices for reducing energy consumption and costs (such as peak load analysis). SMEs need extensive guidance to identify and pursue these strategies. In conclusion, an exploratory adoption model for digitally enabled energy management practices is developed. Hypotheses for future experimental studies and policy implications are derived.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-12-08
    Description: Die Stärkung der Digitalisierung im Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement und das Schaffen einer einheitlichen sowie konsistenten Datenbasis können Unternehmen maßgeblich unterstützen, steigenden Nachhaltigkeitsanforderungen zu entsprechen und die Transparenz zur Nachhaltigkeit des Wirtschaftens zu gewährleisten. Dieser Beitrag stellt Anforderungen und einen serviceorientierten Ansatz zur Entwicklung einer Plattform für datengestütztes Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement in produzierenden Unternehmen vor.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: The transition to a greener and more circular economy has been a European policy priority for several years. The Circular Economy Action Plan of 2020 underlines the ambition. The following EEA initiatives are meant to support the transition process: - Bellagio Process on circular economy monitoring principles (EPA network); - Enhancement of EEA indicators on circular economy (ETC/WMGE); - Explorative work on novel data streams (FWC); - Co-creation work - knowledge sharing of monitoring experience (ETC/Eionet). The scope of the present task was to report on the co-creation process that was undertaken at the end of 2020. The co-creation process was organised to identify: (i) best practices on monitoring strategies, data sources and target setting; and (ii) areas of circularity measuring and monitoring that remain challenging and require additional investment. The co-creation process partially built on the work done during the Bellagio Process/Initiative which was run in parallel. This ETC report presents and documents the evidence gathered throughout the co- creation process as well as providing a retrospective analysis of the links to the Bellagio Principles.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Description: In der Chemiebranche macht sich mittlerweile die Erkenntnis breit, dass sie zukünftig geschlossene Stoffkreisläufe brauchen wird, wenn sie weiter Gewinne machen will. Doch der Weg dahin ist noch ziemlich weit. Deshalb wird es ohne langfristig angelegte und klare gesetzgeberische Vorgaben nicht gehen.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Description: At the end of March 2022, the European Commission published its new EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles. Its ambitious vision is to reduce textile waste, promote circular measures and minimise the negative environmental impacts of the textile industry. But what would a textile industry that keeps textiles in a closed loop look like, and what political conditions would be required in Germany? This Zukunftsimpuls paper by the Wuppertal Institute points to the role that Germany could play in the transformation towards a circular textile industry.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2023-07-07
    Description: Innerhalb des Projekts "Digitalisierung gestalten - Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit ermöglichen" werden die besonderen Transformationspotenziale der Digitalisierung herausgearbeitet und für Deutschland am Beispiel der ausgewählten Handlungsfelder Mobilität, Circular Economy sowie Landwirtschaft und Ernährung diskutiert. Dieser Bericht adressiert das Handlungsfeld einer klimaschonenden und ressourceneffizienten Kreislaufwirtschaft, die Circular Economy. Bisher wird Kreislaufwirtschaft dabei vor allem mit Fokus auf Recycling und Wiederverwertung von Materialien diskutiert. Das greift jedoch zu kurz - es muss um die Skalierung von neuen, ressourcenschonenden Geschäftsmodellen und der umfassenden Transformation von Wertschöpfungsketten und Industriestrukturen gehen. Die Analyse zeigt: richtig eingesetzt ist Digitalisierung unverzichtbar für diesen Wandel. Der vorliegende Bericht möchte Anstöße für diesen Weg liefern und neue Impulse für eine klima- und ressourcenschonende Industrietransformation in Deutschland setzen. Der Bericht verarbeitet dabei Ergebnisse eines interdisziplinären Workshops zum Thema "Die digital-ökologische Industrietransformation gestalten - Geschäftsmodelle und politische Rahmenbedingungen für Klima- und Ressourcenschutz" mit Expertinnen und Experten aus Forschung, Zivilgesellschaft, Behörden und Privatunternehmen.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2023-07-07
    Description: Das Wirtschafts- und Strukturprogramm für das Rheinische Zukunftsrevier enthält eine Reihe von Zielen, die demonstrieren sollen, wie der European Green Deal modellhaft im Rheinischen Revier bis 2038 umgesetzt werden kann. Das Konzept der "Ressourcenwende" stellt dabei einen Lösungsweg für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung dieser Transformation dar. Das Wuppertal Institut hat vor diesem Hintergrund gemeinsam mit der Prognos AG die vorliegende Studie zu einer regionalen Ressourcenwende im Rheinischen Revier erarbeitet. Das Rheinische Revier ist geprägt durch die Gewinnung, Verstromung und Veredelung von Braunkohle. Darüber hinaus haben sich hier - aufgrund der Nähe zu bedeutenden europäischen Transportwegen und einer zentralen Lage zu wichtigen Märkten in Europa - viele weitere Branchen angesiedelt, wie etwa die Metall-, Chemie- und Aluminiumbranche. Im Hinblick auf den von der Bundesregierung und Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) beschlossenen Braunkohleausstieg 2030 und den European Green Deal wird die Notwendigkeit eines Wandels der energie- und ressourcenintensiven Industrien hin zu einer treibhausgasneutralen und ressourcenleichten Wirtschaft im Rheinischen Revier mehr als deutlich. Welchen Fußabdruck hinterlässt das Rheinische Revier, welche innovativen Ressourcenstrategien sollte die Region verfolgen und wie kann dies gemessen werden? Zu dieser Fragestellung haben die Forschenden ein methodisches Konzept einer regionalen Ressourcenwende für das Rheinischen Revier erarbeitet. Die Ressourcenwende selbst begrenzt sich dabei nicht nur auf Primärrohstoffe, sondern nimmt auch die Aspekte wie Bodennutzung bzw. Flächenverbrauch und Biodiversität bzw. Ökosystemleistungen in den Blick und setzt diese in den Kontext eines regionalen Kreislaufwirtschaftssystems.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: More than 150 municipal utilities (so-called Stadtwerke) were established in Germany from the beginning of the millennium, bringing the total number of Stadtwerke currently established within the country to approximately 900. With responsibility for more than half of the supply of electricity, gas and heat in Germany, these Stadtwerke play a central role in the transformation of the energy sector, or Energiewende. In addition, due to their local and regional ties, Stadtwerke have a particular role to play in energy politics, the economy and across society. This article focuses on the motives behind, and grounds for, the current wave of newly established Stadtwerke. Further, it discusses the factors that were critical to the successful formation of new Stadtwerke in recent years. The results of our survey indicate that the establishment of municipal Stadtwerke is a suitable measure to implement the energy transition at the local level, whereby the concept of public value has a high level of importance for the local decision-makers. Collaboration and cooperation, as well as a resilience-oriented strategy, are important success factors for new Stadtwerke.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: The need for a transition towards a circular economy (CE) is evident, as the current economic model is based on the exploitation of far more resources than the planet can replenish sustainably. A significant part of this economic transition is the inception of new, CE-oriented startups and business activities. While business model frameworks (BMF), such as the Business Model Canvas (BMC), were at the center of discussions about structuring business ideas in the beginning of the millennium, the conversation must now shift towards circular BMFs (CBMF). This paper follows the Design Research Methodology (DRM) for an empirical approach to devising a novel CBMF, including expert interviews as well as a first application of the framework with a startup. Throughout this process, a new and innovative tool called Circular Business Framework (CBF) was created and tested based on CE principles.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: The Digital Product Passport (DPP) is a concept for collecting and sharing product-related information along the life cycle of a product. DPPs are currently the subject of intense discussion, and various development efforts are being undertaken. These are supported by regulatory activities, especially in the case of the battery passport. The aggregation of product life-cycle data and their respective use, as well as the sharing of these data between companies, entrepreneurs, and other actors in the value chain, is crucial for the creation of a resource-efficient circular economy. Despite the urgent need for such a solution, there is currently little attention given to the digital infrastructure for the creation and handling of the DPPs (i.e., the so-called DPP system). Moreover, there is so far no common understanding of what the requirements for a DPP system are. This is the background and underlying motivation of our paper: we identify the requirements for a DPP system in a structured way, i.e., based on stakeholder involvement and current literature from science and industry. In addition, we compose, categorize, and critically analyze the results, i.e., the list of requirements for DPP systems, in order to identify gaps. Summarized, our research provides insights into the criteria to be considered in the creation of an actual DPP system.
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2023-08-02
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Although smart energy technologies (SETs) can fulfill multiple tasks in increasingly decarbonized and digitalized energy systems, market diffusion is still limited. This study investigates which beliefs influence consumers' intention to adopt two smart-energy offerings, whether the rapid growth of the smart home market will now drive SET adoption, and if consumer-driven diffusion will lead to sustainability potentials being realized. Building on UTAUT2, a new theoretical model is proposed, and a consumer acceptance survey was conducted in Germany (n = 700). Results indicate that a growing smart home market will not increase SET adoption and that "adjustable green defaults" should be introduced.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Fortschreitende Digitalisierung und zunehmende Internationalisierung von Märkten bergen Herausforderungen für Unternehmen mit traditionell geprägten Arbeits- und Fertigungsstrukturen. Um den steigenden Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, sollten in diesen Unternehmen die digitale Arbeitsfähigkeit und Kompetenzen für Agilität ausgebaut werden. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Konzeption einer digitalen Plattform zur Steigerung derartiger Kompetenzen in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU). Die digitale Kompetenzplattform soll insbesondere produzierenden KMU strukturschwacher Regionen helfen, ihre Agilität zu steigern und so zur Innovations- und Zukunftsfähigkeit des Unternehmens beitragen.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Description: Die Transformation der bisher linearen Strukturen von Produktion und Konsum ("take-make-dispose") hin zu einer Circular Economy (CE) - im Sinne einer weiterentwickelten Kreislaufwirtschaft - gilt als zentrales Konzept zur Steigerung der Ressourceneffizienz und Kreislaufführung von Materialien und Produkten, zur Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der einheimischen Industrie sowie zur Schaffung neuer Arbeitsplatzpotenziale. Ziel dieses Forschungsmoduls ist es, die bisherige Umsetzung dieses Konzepts im Rahmen der Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie NRW zu analysieren und durch geeignete Impulse zu begleiten. Durch die Entwicklung eines Leitbilds für eine nachhaltige Circular Economy und zu seiner Messung geeigneter Indikatoren soll das noch an vielen Stellen unscharfe Konzept präzisiert und insbesondere an die spezifischen Ausgangsbedingungen und Herausforderungen von Nordrhein-Westfalen angepasst werden. Dazu sollen Bausteine für ein mittel- und langfristiges Leitbild (2030) entworfen werden, das einen konsistenten Entwicklungspfad für diesen komplexen Transformationsprozess beschreiben soll. Die bestehenden stark abfallwirtschaftlich geprägten Indikatoren zum Thema Kreislaufwirtschaft sollen durch Vorschläge für zusätzliche Indikatoren zur Nachhaltigkeit im Rahmen der Kreislaufwirtschaft (Circular Economy, CE) ergänzt werden.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Description: Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute considerably to Germany's carbon emissions, regional savings and cooperative banks - SMEs' most important financiers - hardly consider this aspect in lending to these businesses. However, given Germany's commitment to climate neutrality by 2045, suitable approaches for injecting climate finance into these SME lending processes are greatly required. Against this background, the paper at hand aims to introduce the specific case of regional banks into the debate on green finance and green banking and suggest future research in this context. In discussing the state of research on the peculiarities of regional savings and cooperative banks, we outline the resulting opportunities and limitations for climate impact assessments in SME lending. We argue that while the dual bottom-line orientation of regional banks in Germany precludes them from applying simple positive or negative screenings, their in-depth knowledge about local clients and circumstances enables them to be active and engaging partners for the green transformation of SMEs. Nonetheless, we explain why developing solutions to utilise this knowledge for climate finance by integrating climate impact assessments into routine lending processes remains a particularly challenging task.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2024-01-18
    Description: The project "Plastic Credits - Financing the Transition to the Global Circular Economy" supports the implementation of a waste management structure in India's rural regions. By that it aims to improve the current waste collection and treatment structures in the pilot regions Goa, Maharashtra, and Kerala. Herein, the project focuses on low value plastics (LVP), and especially multi-layer plastics (MLP), that have no market value. In order to analyze the environmental impacts of the project, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was conducted. The considered environmental components comprise: greenhouse gas emissions, usage of primary resources, impacts on marine and terrestrial wildlife, standard of living, and economic costs.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Striving to mitigate climate change, the European Union has adopted net-zero greenhouse gas emissions as a target for 2050. In this paper, European chemical industry roadmaps from the past six years are assessed and compared to uncover how the industry envisions its role in the transition to net-zero emissions. The roadmaps are assessed in terms of ambition level, technology and feedstock strategies, investment needs and costs, agency and dependency on other actors, as well as timeline and concretion. Although net-zero pathways are often drawn out in the roadmaps, some also choose to emphasize and argue for less ambitious pathways with emission reductions of only 40-60 %. The roadmaps vary widely in terms of the importance they assign to mechanical and chemical recycling, switching to biogenic carbon and carbon dioxide as feedstock, electrification and hydrogen, and carbon capture and storage. A commonality though, is that low-tech or near-term mitigation pathways such as demand reduction, reuse or material efficiency are seldom included. High investment needs are generally highlighted, as well as the need for policy to create enabling conditions, whereas the agency and responsibility of the chemical industry itself is downplayed. Our analysis highlights that the chemical industry does not yet have a strong and shared vision for pathways to net-zero emissions. We conclude that such a future vision would benefit from taking a whole value chain approach including demand-side options and consideration of scope 3 emissions.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In Deutschland werden jährlich über sieben Millionen gebrauchte Matratzen entsorgt, die überwiegend verbrannt und nur zu einem Bruchteil recycelt werden. Dieser lineare Ansatz belastet die Ressourcen, erhöht die Emissionen und birgt Umweltrisiken. Um diesen Herausforderungen zu begegnen, kann die erweiterte Herstellerverantwortung (Extended Producer Responsibility, EPR) als Instrument zur Umsetzung einer Kreislaufwirtschaft dienen. In dieser Masterarbeit wird daher untersucht, wie ein EPR-System für Matratzen in Deutschland gestaltet sein sollte, um Kreisläufe effizient zu schließen. Gleichzeitig zielt diese Thesis darauf ab, die damit verbundenen Anforderungen und Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung eines solchen Systems zu identifizieren. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurden mithilfe von Expert*innen-Interviews und einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche drei EPR-Modelle entwickelt und anhand von ausgewählten Kriterien bewertet. Die Ergebnisse der Bewertung ergaben, dass ein Modell präferiert werden sollte, in dem eine sogenannte Producer Responsibility Organisation (PRO) gebündelt die Verantwortung der Hersteller übernimmt. Ein solches System würde unter anderem eine angemessene Kontrolle ermöglichen und Anreize für Forschung und Entwicklung im Bereich der Recyclingtechnologien und des zirkulären Designs der Matratzen schaffen. Obwohl die Datenlage über Altmatratzen und deren Verwertung in Deutschland derzeit noch begrenzt sind und die hier präsentierten Ergebnisse von der gewählten Methodik abhängen, dient diese Masterarbeit als erste Grundlage für die weitere Entwicklung eines EPR-Systems für Matratzen in Deutschland.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: masterthesis , doc-type:masterThesis
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Deutschlands Haushalte werden, zu Beheizungszwecken, zu 70 % leitungsgebunden versorgt: 50 % mit Erdgas und 14 % mit Fernwärme; 5 % mit Elektrizität, davon je die Hälfte noch mit Nachtspeicherheizung, die andere Hälfte mit Wärmepumpen. So war es 2021. So wird es in Zukunft nicht sein, denn Erdgas ist ein Energieträger fossiler Herkunft. Dessen Nutzung geht in den nächsten beiden Jahrzehnten gen Null. Die Frage ist, was das für die Erdgasleitungen in Deutschland bedeutet.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: The petrochemical industry is among the most relevant sectors from an economic, energetic and climate policy perspective. In Western Europe, production occurs in local chemical parks that form strongly connected and densely integrated regional clusters. This paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the petrochemical system in Germany and investigates three particularly distinct clusters regarding their challenges and chances for a transition towards climate-neutrality. For this, feedstock and energy supply, product portfolios and process integration as well as existing transformation activities are examined. We find that depending on their distinct network characteristics and location, unique and complex strategies are to be mastered for every cluster. Despite the many activities underway, none of them seems to have a strategic network to co-create a tailored defossilization strategy for the cluster - which is the core recommendation of this paper to develop.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Demand-side mitigation strategies have been gaining momentum in climate change mitigation research. Still, the impact of different approaches in passenger transport, one of the largest energy demand sectors, remains unclear. We couple a transport simulation model to an energy system optimisation model, both highly disintegrated in order to compare those impacts. Our scenarios are created for the case of Germany in an interdisciplinary, qualitative-quantitative research design, going beyond techno-economic assumptions, and cover Avoid, Shift, and Improve strategies, as well as their combination. The results show that sufficiency - Avoid and Shift strategies - have the same impact as the improvement of propulsion technologies (i.e. efficiency), which is reduction of generation capacities by one quarter. This lowers energy system transformation cost accordingly, but requires different kinds of investments: Sufficiency measures require public investment for high-quality public services, while efficiency measures require individuals to purchase more expensive vehicles at their own cost. These results raise socio-political questions of system design and well-being. However, all strategies are required to unleash the full potential of climate change mitigation.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die schnelle und umfassende Emissionsminderung in der Energie- und Kreislaufwirtschaft ist der Schlüssel für die Begrenzung der Erderwärmung auf unter 2 °C. In Deutschland werden entsprechende Politiken seit den 1990er-Jahren verfolgt, allerdings erst in jüngster Vergangenheit mit dem notwendigen Nachdruck und der notwendigen Orientierung hin zu mehr Marktmechanismen. Wesentliche Handlungsfelder sind Energieeinsparung und erhöhte Energieeffizienz, Umstieg auf erneuerbare Energien, Bepreisung von Klimagasen sowie eine Reduzierung und Schließung der Stoffkreisläufe. In allen Handlungsfeldern sind Grundlagen geschaffen, es bleibt jedoch der Großteil des Weges noch zu gehen, um Klimaneutralität zu erreichen. Für einen schnellen Fortschritt spielen neben der Überwindung der technischen, ökonomischen und organisatorischen Herausforderungen auch Verteilungsfragen und die Einbettung in internationale Maßnahmen eine zunehmende Rolle.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: Energy performance contracting (EPC) as a market instrument has been effective in promoting energy efficiency worldwide, but it has encountered many insurmountable obstacles in rural energy management. In this study, based on the characteristics of energy management in rural areas, three EPC modes are designed and tested in 24,000 rural households. The test results show that two adapted EPC modes of local government involvement and energy payment directly from the national grid can effectively overcome the barriers encountered in the traditional EPC modes and work well under the economic and social environmental conditions in rural areas. The key to the adaptation of the traditional EPC modes is the introduction of the local government as the third party. Participation of the third party can effectively reduce and remove the barriers and risks and increase the mutual trust between the clients (households) and the energy service companies (ESCOs). Based on the testing results, this study suggests that governmental departments should formulate relevant EPC policies and technical guidelines within the rural context. This research recommends that farmers should not manage their energy services by themselves and it is suggested to out-contracting ESCOs by applying the modes developed and tested by this paper.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: Sex pheromones isolated from the cuticle of the female tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, release mating behavior in the male fly at ultrashort range or upon contact with baited decoys. Three active components were identified as 15,19-dimethylheptatriacontane, 17,21-dimethylheptatriacontane, and 15,19,23-trimethylheptatriacontane. Chemical and biological comparisons show that the natural and synthetic compounds are identical.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, D A -- Langley, P A -- Huyton, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):750-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*isolation & purification ; Sex Attractants/chemical synthesis/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Tsetse Flies/*analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: Incubation of minced mouse-forebrain tissues in lithium Krebs solution reduces the acetylcholine content of the vesicular fraction 70 percent without altering that of the cytoplasmic fraction. Depleted vesicular-bound acetylcholine can be restored with newly synthesized acetylcholine (formed from extracellular choline) independently of the cytoplasmic pool. Depletion of vesicular-bound acetylcholine does not facilitate the movement of preformed extracellular acetylcholine into vesicles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carrol, P T -- Nelson, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):85-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; Cytoplasmic Vesicles/drug effects/*metabolism ; Lithium Compounds/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Paraoxon/pharmacology ; Prosencephalon/drug effects/*metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Long-term habituation training in Aplysia californica produces a profound depression in the efficacy of synaptic transmission between mechanoreceptor neurons and gill motor neurons. This depression persists for more than 3 weeks. Thus a critical synaptic site for plasticity underlying long-term habituation is the same as that for short-term habituation. For this simple form of learning, short- and long-term memory share a common locus and aspects of a common mechanism: synaptic depression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Castellucci, V F -- Carew, T J -- Kandel, E R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aplysia ; Gills/physiology ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/*physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; *Reflex, Monosynaptic ; Retention (Psychology)/physiology ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Sulfhydryl reagents exert a profound influence on the monodeiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine by rat and sheep tissues in vitro. A marked dithiothreitol-induced increase in the monodeiodination by fetal sheep liver homogenates suggests that the characteristically low conversion in fetal tissues is related more to the status of sulfhydryl groups than to a deficiency of the monodeiodinating enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chopra, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):904-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetus/*metabolism ; Liver/embryology/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sheep ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/*metabolism ; Sulfhydryl Reagents/pharmacology ; Thyroxine/*metabolism ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: The body shapes of humans and chimpanzees were compared quantitatively by criteria chosen for their capacity to discriminate well among the body shapes of frogs. By these criteria, the difference in body shape between humans and chimpanzees was found to be greater than that between the most dissimilar pairs of frogs examined--that is, frogs classified in separate taxonomic suborders. Even though the morphological diffference between the two primates is large by frog standards, the biochemical differences between the structural genes of these two species are small. The results of this study give quantitative support to the proposal that morphological evolution and biochemical evolution in structural genes can proceed at independent rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cherty, L M -- Case, S M -- Wilson, A C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):209-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropometry ; Anura/*anatomy & histology ; *Biological Evolution ; Biometry ; Genes ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Brains of juvenile gray bats, Myotis grisescens, found dead beneath maternity roosts in two Missouri caves contained lethal concentrations of dieldrin. One colony appeared to be abnormally small, and more dead bats were found a year after the juvenile bats had been collected. This is the first report to link the field mortality of bats directly to insecticide residues acquired through the food chain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, D R Jr -- LaVal, R K -- Swineford, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldrin/adverse effects ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Brain Chemistry ; *Chiroptera ; Dieldrin/*adverse effects/analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Lactation ; Male ; Missouri ; Pesticide Residues ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Several strains of attenuated rabies virus lacking the capacity to kill adult mice acquired a high lethal potential for mice after one to five serial passages in murine or human neuroblastoma cells. The virulence acquired after passage in neuroblastoma cells is a stable genetic trait retained during subsequent passage of viruses in nonneuroblastoma cell systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1072-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma/*microbiology ; Neurons/microbiology ; Rabies Vaccines/toxicity ; Rabies virus/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Vaccines, Attenuated/toxicity ; Virus Replication
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-10-06
    Description: As detected by radioimmunoassay with antiserums against chick intestinal calcium binding protein (CaBP), administration of vitamin D3 to rachitic chicks causes a 25- to 100-fold increase in immunoreactive CaBP in chick bone. The bone CaBP has a higher molecular weight (approximately 34,000 daltons) than intestinal CaBP (28,000 daltons), is concentrated principally in the spongiosa and cartilage plate regions of tibia, and responds adaptively to reflect the level of dietary calcium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Christakos, S -- Norman, A W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 6;202(4363):70-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/*metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Chickens ; Cholecalciferol/*pharmacology ; Rickets/metabolism ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G/blood/*metabolism ; Tibia/metabolism
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  • 54
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):207-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/*physiology
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: When visual contrasts are restricted to the anterior sector (90 degrees to 180 degrees) of the albino rabbit's visual field, eye position is dramatically unstable, and when such contrasts are moved, horizontal optokinetic eye movements are inverted: the direction of pursuit is opposite to that of the stimulus. In the posterior visual field stability and optokinetic reactions are normal, as in all parts of the pigmented rabbit's visual field. This phenomenon may be one more of the complex of visual system defects linked to albinism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collewijn, H -- Winterson, B J -- Dubois, M F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628845" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Albinism/complications/physiopathology/*veterinary ; Animals ; *Eye Movements ; Nystagmus, Pathologic/etiology ; Rabbits/*physiology ; Retina/physiopathology ; Visual Fields ; Visual Pathways/physiopathology
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conner, W E -- Masters, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):1004.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Behavioral Sciences/*instrumentation ; *Infrared Rays ; Silicon ; *Videotape Recording
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  • 57
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: New phylogenies were recently proposed by White and Harris, who recognized 7 genera and 16 species of fossil and extant suids from sub-Saharan Africa. This scheme is regarded here as oversimplified and an alternative is suggested, in which 9 genera and 21 species are recognized. The taxonomic and phylogenetic differences do not have any significant effect on the stratigraphic interpretations offered by White and Harris.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooke, H B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):460-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Cephalometry ; *Fossils ; Haplorhini/*classification ; History, Ancient ; *Paleodontology ; *Paleontology ; *Phylogeny ; Primates/*classification
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Female mice of the C3H strain normally do not reject skin grafts from males of the same strain; however, 40 percent of splenectomized C3H female mice completely rejected C3H male skin grafts applied 2 weeks later. All splenectomized females showed at least transitory signs of graft rejection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coons, T A -- Goldberg, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):320-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/345443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; *Graft Rejection ; *Histocompatibility Antigens ; Immunosuppression ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H/immunology ; Skin Transplantation ; Spleen/*immunology ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Y Chromosome
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  • 59
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Food stimuli normally excite the command neurons of Pleurobranchaea that cause feeding. In contrast, the same food stimuli selectively inhibit these neurons in specimens that have been trained to suppress feeding and withdraw from food by means of an avoidance conditioning paradigm consisting of paired food and conditional shock. Food stimuli excite the feeding command neurons of yoked control specimens exposed to unpaired food and shock, but inhibit the feeding command neurons of untrained specimens that have been satiated with food. These results suggest that the command neurons serve as a neural locus at which an animal's behavior is modulated by past experiences. These results also establish a neural correlate of behavioral plasticity, in the form of synaptic inhibition of the command neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, W J -- Gillette, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):801-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622572" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Mollusca/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Neurons/*physiology
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Long-term treatment of rats with clinically effective tricyclic antidepressant drugs induced a selective increase in the inhibitory response of forebrain neurons to serotonin applied by microiontophoresis. Long-term administration of some related drugs which lack antidepressant efficacy failed to induce such a change. The enhanced response to serotonin induced by the clinically active tricyclic drugs took 1 to 2 weeks to develop, a time course which correlates with the delayed onset of therapeutic effects in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Montigny, C -- Aghajanian, G K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1303-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*pharmacology ; Decerebrate State ; Drug Synergism ; Geniculate Bodies/*drug effects ; Hippocampus/*drug effects ; Male ; Neural Inhibition/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Pyramidal Tracts/drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin/*drug effects ; Serotonin/*pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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  • 61
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Inflatable pyloric cuffs and stomach tubes were implanted in rats. With the cuff inflated and a valve to limit intragastric pressure to that accompanying normal satiety, they drank only as much when they had been deprived of food for 12 hours as without inflation of the cuff. However, they overdrank with the cuff inflated when they had been water deprived for 12 hours. When 10 ml of milk was withdrawn from the stomach with the cuff inflated, compensatory drinking occurred. Further, compensatory drinking also occurred when milk escaped from the stomach into the duodenum. Satiety signals thus arise from the stomach.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deutsch, J A -- Young, W G -- Kalogeris, T J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):165-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drinking Behavior/physiology ; Duodenum/physiology ; Food Deprivation ; Male ; Rats ; Satiation/*physiology ; Satiety Response/*physiology ; Stomach/*physiology
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Autoradiographic representation of the local rates of cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral functional activity by means of the [14C]deoxyglucose technique reveals the existence of the ocular dominance columns in the striate cortex of the monkey in the first day of life. In contrast to the stability of these columns in more mature brain, monocular deprivation for 3 months from the first day of life results in their complete disappearance and a reversion of the autoradiographic pattern to that seen in animals with normal binocular vision. These results are consistent with a reorganization of the representation of the visual fields of the two eyes in the striate cortex and provide additional evidence of the plasticity of the striate cortex of the monkey in early life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Des Rosiers, M H -- Sakurada, O -- Jehle, J -- Shinohara, M -- Kennedy, C -- Sokoloff, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):447-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/*metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Male ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/physiology
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  • 63
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Crystals and other regular arrangements of nucleosome cores have been obtained and analyzed in the electron microscope. Two types of regular structures have been studied in detail, the nucleosome arcs and cylinders. The latter are composed of concentric cylindrical layers of intertwined right-handed helices of nucleosome cores. These studies lead to the following conclusions and concepts. The overall structure of the nucleosome core is a short, wedge-shaped cylinder measuring about 110 by 110 by 60 angstroms. Nucleosome cores interact primarily between top and bottom planes. Nucleosome cores exhibit large conformational variability. A pivot allowing two degrees of rotational freedom is postulated in the region of the 70th base pair to account for this property of the nucleosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dubochet, J -- Noll, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):280-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromatin/*ultrastructure ; Crystallography ; Macromolecular Substances ; Micrococcal Nuclease/metabolism ; Microscopy, Electron/methods ; Rats
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  • 64
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: In the visual cortex of kittens that have received their only visual experience while wearing a high-power lens before one eye, most neurons are dominated by input from the normal eye. Moreover, contrast sensitivity and resolving power are lower for stimulation through the originally defocused eye, mimicking psychophysical results from human anisometropic amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eggers, H M -- Blakemore, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amblyopia/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Orientation/physiology ; Refractive Errors/*physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*physiopathology ; Visual Pathways/physiopathology
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Intravenous injection of a sublethal dose of lead acetate into a domestic pig resulted in a 4.5-fold increase of guanine in the urine, indicating an impairment in the conversion of guanine to xanthine. This impairment is probably due to the inhibition of guanine aminohydrolase (guanase), since the activity of this enzyme is inhibited by Pb2+ (the inhibition constant being 3.0 X 10(-6)M). Postmortem histological examination revealed concretions of crystalline material in the epiphyseal plate of the femoral head. Extraction of the section containing the concretions showed that they were guanine. The relation of these findings to saturnine gout is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farkas, W R -- Stanawitz, T -- Schneider, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):786-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Femur Head/pathology ; Gout/chemically induced/*metabolism/pathology ; Guanine/*biosynthesis/urine ; Lead/*adverse effects ; Swine ; Time Factors
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: Some of the neurons in the nucleus intercollicularis and auditory cortex of the echolocating bat Eptesicus fuscus respond selectively to sonar echoes occurring with specific echo delays or pulse-echo intervals. They do not respond for a wide range of other types of sounds or for sonar echoes at longer or shorter pulse-echo intervals; they may, therefore, be specialized for detection and ranging of sonar targets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, A S -- Simmons, J A -- Kick, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):645-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Inferior Colliculi/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Orientation/*physiology
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Substance P produces analgesia when administered to mice in very small doses by the intraventricular route (1.25 to 5 nanograms per mouse). The analgesic effect can be blocked by naloxone. At higher doses (greater than 50 nanograms per mouse), this activity is lost. At these higher doses, however, substance P produced hyperalgesia when combined with naloxone and analgesia when combined with baclofen [beta-(4-chlorophenyl)-gamma-aminobutyric acid]. Substance P may have dual actions in brain, releasing endorphins at very low doses and directly exciting neuronal activity in nociceptive pathways at higher doses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Burgis, V -- Harrell, C E -- Edwards, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1359-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Baclofen/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: The reactive superoxide radical, O2-, formerly of concern only to radiation chemists and radiobiologists, is now understood to be a normal product of the biological reduction of molecular oxygen. An unusual family of enzymes, the superoxide dismutases, protect against the deleterious actions of this radical by catalyzing its dismutation to hydrogen peroxide plus oxygen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fridovich, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):875-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites ; Catalase/metabolism ; Free Radicals ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Metals ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Paraquat/pharmacology ; Peroxidases/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/*metabolism ; Superoxides/*metabolism/toxicity
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  • 69
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Squirrel monkeys synchronized to a 24-hour light-dark cycle show a prominent circadian rhythm in body temperature which is regulated against mild environmental cold exposures throughout the 24-hour day. However, cold exposures produce significant decreases in core body temperature when the circadian rhythms of the animal are free-running in the absence of environmental time cues. Effective thermoregulation appears to require the precise internal synchronization of the circadian timekeeping system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, C A -- Sulzman, F M -- Moore-Ede, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):794-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cold Temperature ; Cues ; *Environment ; Environmental Exposure ; Haplorhini ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Saimiri ; Time Factors
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  • 70
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Structural asymmetries between the hemispheres are found in the human brain. Asymmetries in the auditory regions and in the Sylvian fissures are present even in the fetus. The Sylvian asymmetries may have existed in Neanderthal man and are found consistently in some apes. They may relate to right-left differences infunction. Thus, the striking auditory asymmetries could underlie language lateralization. The asymmetries in the frontal and occipital lobes and the lateral ventricles are correlated with hand preference. Anatomical asymmetries may help to explain the range of human talents, recovery from acquired disorders of language function, certain childhood learning disabilities, some dementing illnesses of middle life, and the evidence for behavioral lateralization in nonhuman primates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galaburda, A M -- LeMay, M -- Kemper, T L -- Geschwind, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):852-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/341314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*anatomy & histology/physiology/radiography ; Cerebral Cortex/anatomy & histology ; Dementia/etiology ; Dyslexia/etiology ; Fossils ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Primates/anatomy & histology ; Pyramidal Tracts/anatomy & histology ; Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Luminescent flashes emanate spontaneously and on mechanical stimulation from the bodies of Oikopleura dioica (Urochordata, Larvacea); flashes also emanate, on mechanical stimulation only, from both their occupied and discarded mucous houses. The luminescence is intrinsic to the animals and their houses. Field observations suggest that, because of this dual method of light production, larvaceans may contribute substantially to surface coastal displays of marine bioluminescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galt, C P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):70-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; *Luminescence ; Urochordata/*physiology
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-06-30
    Description: Malignant neoplasms that develop in 12 recessive-lethal, larval mutants of Drosophila melanogaster are discussed. These mutations affect the adult optic neuroblasts and ganglion-mother cells in the larval brain, the imaginal discs, and the hematopoietic organs. The malignant neoplasms exhibit fast, autonomous growth, loss of the capacity for differentiation, increased mobility and invasiveness, lethality in situ and after transplantation, and histological, fine structural, and karyotypic abnormalities. Intermediate neoplasms are also found. These combine both benign and malignant qualities. They grow in a noninvasive, compact fashion, typical of benign tumors, yet they also exhibit malignant qualities such as fast, autonomous, and lethal growth, loss of differentiation capacity, changes in cellular morphology, and lethal growth after transplantation into wild-type hosts. Thus Drosophila and vertebrate neoplasms show striking similarities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gateff, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 30;200(4349):1448-59.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Cells/pathology ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/growth & development ; Ecdysone/pharmacology ; Hematopoiesis ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*genetics/pathology ; Neuroblastoma/genetics/pathology
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: Androgen formation (3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity) was detectable in the rabbit blastocyst on day 5 of gestation (before implantation); estrogen formation was first detectable on day 7. The capacity to form estrogen on the day of implantation suggests that estrogen formation in the blastocyst may play a role in the implantation process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉George, F W -- Wilson, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/579477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/*metabolism ; Androgens/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Blastocyst/*metabolism ; *Embryo Implantation ; Embryonic Development ; Estradiol/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Male Hyla cinerea produce two distinctive calls. Acoustically intermediate calls are rare. Females discriminate between synthetic intermediates that differ by one cycle of amplitude modulation (50 per second). Processing appears to be continuous. The tree frog's auditory system thus provides a wide margin for the discrimination of its two principal signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerhardt, H C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628833" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Sound ; *Vocalization, Animal
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Throbin-activated human platelets cause agglutination of trypsinized, formalinized bovine erythrocytes. This lectin activity of stimulated platelets was blocked by galactosamine, glucosamine, mannosamine, lysine, and arginine, but not by N-acetylated sugars, other neutral sugars, or other amino acids. Inhibitors of the thrombin-induced lectin activity also blocked thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. It appears that a membrane surface component that has lectin activity mediates platelet aggregation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gartner, T K -- Williams, D C -- Minion, F C -- Phillips, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1281-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agglutinins ; Amino Acids/pharmacology ; Amino Sugars/pharmacology ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cytochalasin B/pharmacology ; *Hemagglutinins ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/blood ; Platelet Aggregation/*drug effects ; Prostaglandins E/pharmacology ; Species Specificity ; Thrombin/*pharmacology
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: Unlike other eukaryotic cells, Trypanosoma lewisi forms caps at 0 degrees C when incubated with rabbit immunoglobulin G(IgG) directed against surface IgG from the rat host. The host IgG, which is specific for parasite antigens, probably does not cause capping of these antigens in vivo, since trypanosomes treated with Fab fragments directed against rat IgG are uniformly labeled and do not cap at 0 degrees C or 37 degrees C.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Giannini, M S -- D'Alesandro, P A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):916-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356265" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Antigens ; Immunoglobulin G ; *Immunologic Capping ; Temperature ; Trypanosoma lewisi/*immunology
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in one hemisphere of a rhesus monkey is resected 6 weeks before birth and the fetus survives to postnatal ages, neurons of the corresponding cortex in the intact hemisphere issue a greatly expanded projection to the contralateral caudate nucleus in addition to a normal projection to the ipsilateral caudate. The enhancement of the crossed prefronto-caudate pathway after prenatal neurosurgery provides direct evidence for lesion-induced neuronal rearrangement in the primate telencephalon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):768-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/102031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Brain/embryology/growth & development ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Neural Pathways/*cytology ; Synapses/*ultrastructure
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: The density but not the affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors declined significantly with age in rat pineal gland, corpus striatum, and cerebellum, as determined by the binding of tritiated dihydroalprenolol. Exposing rats to light for 12 hours increased the binding of this radioligand in 3-month-old but not in 24-month-old rats. The reduced responsiveness to catecholamines seen in aging may be due to a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors which, in turn, may be caused by an impaired capacity of receptors in aged animals to adapt to changes in adrenergic neuronal input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, L H -- Weiss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Alprenolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Male ; Neuroglia/metabolism ; Pineal Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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  • 79
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Changing the source and intensity of the auditory signal to six trained cats responding to meaningful auditory stimuli permits exogenous and endogenous processes in the auditory evoked potential to be separated. For short-latency exogenous processes, latency and amplitude depend on the parameters of the physical stimulus. However, the amplitude and shape of longer-latency endogenous processes are essentially independent of the location and intensity of the signal source and seem to be invariant concomitants of the significance of the signal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grastyan, E -- John, E R -- Bartlett, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):169-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; *Evoked Potentials ; Geniculate Bodies/*physiology ; Memory/physiology
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  • 80
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Comparative analyses of behavior have an underappreciated potential for revealing the role of ethoecological factors in the origins of higher taxa. Twenty-seven species (13 genera) in the advanced family Colubridae exhibited 19 patterns of coil application; one or two patterns were usually consistent within a genus. Forty-eight species (26 genera) in the primitive families Acrochordidae, Aniliidae, Boidae, and Xenopeltidae usually used a single pattern, despite differences in age, size, shape, habitat, and diet. This implies the shared retention of an action pattern used by their common ancestor no later than the early Paleocene. Constriction must have been used as a prey-killing tactic very early in the history of snakes and might have been a behavioral "key innovation" in the evolution of their unusual jaw mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greene, H W -- Burghardt, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):74-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Snakes/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other regulatory agents affect the phosphorylation of specific proteins in their target tissues. The types of stimuli that share this common effect on protein phosphorylation include numerous substances that do not act through cyclic AMP. These and other observations suggest that many different classes of regulatory substances achieve certain of their biological effects by altering the phosphorylation of specific proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greengard, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):146-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hormones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: The relative frequency of appearance of discontinuities in the postsynaptic thickening, or perforations in the subsynaptic plate, increased with age and experience. Rats reared from weaning in complex or social environments had a significantly higher proportion of occipital cortical synapses with perforations than did rats reared in isolation. In addition, the relative frequency of these perforations more than tripled between 10 and 60 days of age. Shifts in the frequency of perforations can occur independently of changes in the size of synpases. This result suggests a new potential mechanism of synaptic plasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenough, W T -- West, R W -- DeVoogd, T J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1096-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/ultrastructure ; Environment ; Male ; Occipital Lobe/*ultrastructure ; Rats ; Synapses/ultrastructure ; Synaptic Membranes/*ultrastructure
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: Rat pups that are separated early from their mothers, at postnatal day 15, become hypothermic when subjected to physical restraint on postnatal day 30. Restraint of separated pups also elicits an unusually high incidence of gastric erosions, as well as insomnia and an increase in quiet wakefulness. If hypothermia during restraint is prevented, neither the erosions nor the behavioral responses occur. Rat pups separated at the customary age (postnatal day 22) do not become hypothermic during restraint, and the restraint of such pups is not associated with either gastric erosion or insomnia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ackerman, S H -- Hofer, M A -- Weiner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):373-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Arousal/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; Food Deprivation ; Humans ; *Maternal Deprivation ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Sleep/physiology ; Stomach Ulcer/*etiology ; *Stress, Psychological/physiology ; Wakefulness/physiology
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: A previously undescribed response pattern has been observed in certain single units in the posterior colliculus of Pteronotus suapurensis. These units, constituting about one-third of those tuned to the region of the dominant constant-frequency (CF) components of the orientation sounds, respond to a tone pip with a burst of spikes at a latency of 3 to 6 milliseconds, within the frequency-intensity domain of a normal V-shaped response area. In these units, however, as intensity is dropped below threshold for this response, a response of 5-to 10-milliseconds longer latency appears and persists throughout another 10 to 30 decibels of attenuation. These late responses can be very vigorous, are sharply tuned to frequencies at or just above the CF components of the signal, and are often strongest and of lowest threshold at stimulus durations of 1.5 to 3 milliseconds--approximately the duration of the CF component. These properties imply that the late responses are concerned with analysis of the CF components of echoes, apparently in ways not as prominent in other bats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grinnell, A D -- Brown, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):996-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Auditory Threshold/physiology ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Inferior Colliculi/*physiology ; Orientation/*physiology
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: Taste substances applied to the oral cavity result in either ingestion or rejection, each with a characteristic muscular response pattern. These responses are the same in decerebrate and intact rats; the caudal brainstem appears to be the neural substrate of ingestion and rejection responses. The experiment determined whether decerebrates can alter these discriminative responses as a function of food deprivation or toxicosis. Food-deprived decerebrate rats, like intact ones, ingested a taste substance they had rejected when sated. However, these same decerebrates, in contrast to controls, neither rejected nor decreased ingestive reactions to a novel taste after that taste had been repeatedly paired with lithium chloride-induced illness. Although the forebrain may be important for integrating ingestion, some aspects of this control seem to be represented in caudal brain areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grill, H J -- Norgren, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):267-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arousal/physiology ; Association Learning/*physiology ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; *Decerebrate State ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Food Deprivation ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Learning/*physiology ; Lithium ; Rats ; Satiation/physiology ; Sucrose ; Taste/physiology
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: The spinal fluid of sheep with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis contains myelin basic protein (6 to 18 nanograms per milliliter) bound to antibody as well as excess free antibody. This bound myelin basic protein appeared concurrently with the onset of the disease and remained elevated until death. In contrast, in active multiple sclerosis, the spinal fluid contains free myelin basic protein and there are no detectable levels of antibody. The results indicate that the antibodies enter the spinal fluid from the serum by passive diffusion. This mechanism may also explain the presence of viral antibodies in the spinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutstein, H S -- Cohen, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Autoantibodies/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Myelin Proteins/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Sheep
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Androgen binding protein, a secretory product of seminiferous tubules, was isolated by means of affinity chromatography. A radioimmunoassay was developed and used to identify androgen binding protein in rat plasma. The ability to measure a testicular protein in blood provides a new method for investigation of seminiferous tubular physiology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gunsalus, G L -- Musto, N A -- Bardin, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):65-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood-Testis Barrier ; Carrier Proteins/*blood/metabolism ; Castration ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Rats ; Seminiferous Tubules/*metabolism ; Testis/*metabolism ; Testosterone/pharmacology
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  • 88
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):390-402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/212832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/*history/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Hypothalamic Hormones/*history/pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*physiology ; *Neurosecretion ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification/physiology
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Electron microscopic evidence of early atherogenic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries was obtained in normal fed, conscious, unrestrained rats receiving electrical stimulation in the lateral hypothalamus for periods of up to 62 days. Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were not etiologic factors. In view of recent observations concerning neuropsychological mechanisms in human ischemic heart disease, the findings raise the possibility that the human central nervous system has a role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutstein, W H -- Harrison, J -- Parl, F -- Ku, G -- Avtable, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):449-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/pathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*etiology/pathology/physiopathology ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol/blood ; Coronary Vessels/pathology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation ; Hypothalamus/*physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Stress, Physiological/*complications
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 1978-11-03
    Description: Microinjections of the excitatory neurotoxin kainic acid into the lateral hypothalamus of rats produced a period aphagia and adipsia. Kainate-treated rats displayed transient motor effects during the first hours after the injection but did not show the persisting sensory-motor and arousal disturbances typically observed in animals with electrolytic lesions in this part of the hypothalamus. Histological examination revealed a significant reduction in the number of nerve cell bodies in the lateral hypothalamus. Silver-stained material indicated no evidence of damage to fiber systems passing through the affected region. Assays of dopamine in hypothalamus, striatum, and telencephalon did not indicate significant differences between experimental and control animals. These results are in agreement with recent reports of the anatomical and biochemical effects of intracerebral kainic acid injections and suggest that the observed effect on feeding behavior is related to the destruction of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grossman, S P -- Dacey, D -- Halaris, A E -- Collier, T -- Routtenberg, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 3;202(4367):537-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drinking Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Hypothalamus/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Thalamic Nuclei/drug effects
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  • 91
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-11-03
    Description: Pigment epithelial cells in culture retain their ability to phagocytize rod outer segments. These cells phagocytize rod outer segments isolated from light-adapted rats, or from dark-adapted rats killed after the time at which the lights would normally be turned on. However, they phagocytize for fewer rod outer segments prepared in the dark from the retinas of rats killed before the onset of the normal light cycle. Phagocytosis of dark rod outer segments is variable, but that of light outer segments is reproducible. It is postulated that the effect of light is to synchronize the chemical events that occur at the surface of the rods to prepare them for phagocytosis. These processes also occur in the dark, but more slowly and irregularly than in the light.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, M O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 3;202(4367):526-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/568310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culture Techniques ; Dark Adaptation ; Energy Metabolism ; Light ; Phagocytosis ; Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Rats
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: Under cell-free conditions, liver polysomes from guinea pigs genetically deficient in the fourth component of complement (C4) did not synthesize pro-C4 (the precursor of C4), but did synthesize nascent C4 polypeptides which remained polysome bound. The defect was specific for pro-C4 synthesis since the amounts of total protein and albumin synthesis and release from C4-deficient polysomes were similar to that in normal guinea pig liver polysomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, R E -- Colten, H R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):69-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ina Sue Perlmutter Cystic Fibrosis Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell-Free System ; Complement C4/*biosynthesis/deficiency/*genetics ; Guinea Pigs ; Immunoprecipitation ; Liver/immunology/*metabolism ; Polyribosomes/immunology/*metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Murine macrophages are endowed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide splitting activity that is markedly higher than that of other cells, tissues, or organs of the mouse. This enzyme therefore can be used as a biochemical marker for distinguishing macrophages from other cells of the lymphoreticular system and from polymorphonuclear leukocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Artman, M -- Seeley, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascitic Fluid/enzymology ; B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Blood Platelets/enzymology ; Bone Marrow/enzymology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/enzymology ; Macrophages/*enzymology ; Mice ; Monocytes/enzymology ; NAD+ Nucleosidase/*metabolism ; Neutrophils/enzymology ; Spleen/enzymology ; T-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Tissue Distribution
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Two strains of St. Louis encephalitis virus were isolated from overwintering mosquitoes collected in Maryland and Pennsylvania during January and February 1977. There isolations from Culex pipiens constitute evidence that a mosquito-borne flavivirus can persist in a vector mosquito in temperate climates during the winter season.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bailey, C L -- Eldridge, B F -- Hayes, D E -- Watts, D M -- Tammariello, R F -- Dalrymple, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1346-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culex/*microbiology ; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/*isolation & purification ; Encephalitis Viruses/*isolation & purification ; Female ; Insect Vectors/*microbiology ; Maryland ; Pennsylvania ; Seasons
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: There is compelling evidence that behavioral events after neurochemical function and that altered neurochemical function can change behavior. Such processes have been related both to neurotransmitters and to neuromodulators, together termed neuroregulators. Available research tools and theoretical constructs have begun to permit studies of certain types of behavior, primarily those related to emotional states and drives. This work is changing long-held concepts about severe mental disorders and the treatment of them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barchas, J D -- Akil, H -- Elliott, G R -- Holman, R B -- Watson, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):964-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Cell Communication ; Depression/physiopathology ; Endorphins/physiology ; Enkephalins/physiology ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/physiopathology ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; Synapses/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: The presence of diazepam in culutres of chicken embryo myoblasts arrests normal muscle cell differentiation. High concentrations of the drug reversibly prevent myoblasts from fusing to form multinucleated myotubes. Lower concentrations of diazepam allow cell fusion to occur, but inhibit the synthesis and accumulation of myosin heavy chain, implying that cell fusion does not obligate myoblasts to synthesize and accumulate large quantities of muscle specific protein. The effect of diazepam on muscle cells in culture is direct and specific.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandman, E -- Walker, C R -- Strohman, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/565534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Fusion/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Macromolecular Substances ; Muscles/cytology/*drug effects ; Myosins/*biosynthesis
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: High concentrations (80 to 90 millimolar) of the calcium buffers EGTA and citrate (less than 10(-7) molar free calcium ion) reversibly block excitation-contraction coupling in intact frog skeletal fibers, but do not block caffeine-induced contractures. Solutions containing the same free calcium concentration but lower concentrations of calcium buffer (1 millimolar) do not block excitation-contraction coupling. These results suggest that excitation-contraction coupling requires the presence of calcium in a "protected" extracellular compartment, probably the transverse tubular network, and that calcium is actively transported into this compartment from the muscle cell cytoplasm.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barrett, N -- Barrett, E F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1270-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Anura ; Biological Transport, Active ; Calcium/*physiology ; Citrates/pharmacology ; Egtazic Acid/pharmacology ; Extracellular Space/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; *Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Muscles/*physiology ; Rana pipiens ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions that abolish gonadotropic hormone release by the pituitary gland, the constant infusion of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fails to restore sustained gonadotropin secretion. In marked contrast, intermittent administration of the synthetic decapeptide once per hour, the physiological frequency of gonadotropin release in the monkeys, reestablishes pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This phenomenon is attributable to the pattern of GnRH delivery rather than to the amounts of this hormone to which the cells of the pituitary are exposed. Moreover, the initiation of continuous GnRH administration in animals with lesions and in which gonadotropin secretion is reestablished by intermittent GnRH replacement can result in a "desensitization" or "down regulation" of the processes responsible for gonadotropin release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belchetz, P E -- Plant, T M -- Nakai, Y -- Keogh, E J -- Knobil, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):631-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/100883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Haplorhini ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Macaca mulatta ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*drug effects/secretion
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Trisodium phosphonoformate selectively inhibits cell-free DNA polymerase activity induced by herpesvirus. The new inhibitor has an antiviral effect on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, pseudorables virus, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in cell culture. It has a good therapeutic activity against cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helgstrand, E -- Eriksson, B -- Johansson, N G -- Lannero, B -- Larsson, A -- Misiorny, A -- Noren, J O -- Sjoberg, B -- Stenberg, K -- Stening, G -- Stridh, S -- Oberg, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):819-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use/toxicity ; Cell Line ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Formates/pharmacology/toxicity ; Guinea Pigs ; Herpesviridae Infections/drug therapy ; *Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors ; Organophosphorus Compounds/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Phosphonoacetic Acid/pharmacology ; Simplexvirus/enzymology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: The gymnotoid electric fish Hypopomus artedi discriminates between electric stimulus pulses with identical spectral amplitudes but different spectral phase functions. Behavioral results can be explained on the assumption that electroreception is based on a linear filter, approximately matched to the species' electric organ discharge. The impulse response of the appropriate matched filter, in fact, resembles the known impulse response of the electroreceptors involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heiligenberg, W -- Altes, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):1001-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Organ/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrophysiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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