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  • Synthetic methods  (20)
  • Heterocycles  (10)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (29)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1965-1969  (29)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (29)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hetero Analogs of SesquifulvaleneFrom the Habilitation Thesis by G. Seitz, Universität Marburg 1968, also Part 4 of Cyclopentadienylidenes. - Part 3: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 2305. (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 478-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Sesquifulvalenes ; Fulvalene ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heterosesquifulvalenes containing sulfur or oxygen as hetero atom may be prepared, e.g., by condensation of cyclopentadienes with thiopyrones or pyrones in acetic anhydride. Heterosesquifulvalenes containing nitrogen can be obtained from the oxygen compounds by O,N-exchange. The ground state of all these compounds is determined mainly by the nonpolar resonance formula.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196904781
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small Charged Heterocycles (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 962-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Aziridinium salts ; Azetidinium salts ; Cycloaddition ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and important reactions of stable aziridinium salts are described in this article. The more stable azetidinium salts, which undergo similar reactions, have also been studied. Polar and dipolar cycloadditions produce heterocycles by ring expansions that can be represented as .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196909621
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of Isocyanide Dihalides and their Derivatives (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 20-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Isocyanide dihalides ; Isocyanides ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The readily obtainable isocyanide dichlorides can be used as starting materials for the preparation of many types of substances. Exchange reactions yield numerous derivatives of formic and carbonic acids, while heterocyclic products have been obtained by reaction with bifunctional partners. The present article deals not only with reactions that are known from the literature but also with the author's own work, some of which has not been published before.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196900201
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation, Properties and Reactions of Polychloroamine Derivatives (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 856-867 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Polychloroamines ; Chloroamines ; Amines ; Chlorination ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Highly chlorinated amine derivatives can be prepared by the high-temperature chlorination of amines and amine derivatives. Essential for the success of this reaction is an adequate temperature control suited to the constitution of the amines. In many cases the chlorination products achieve stability by cleavage reactions with formation of the imidic acid chloride or isocyanide dichloride grouping. Cyclic compounds are formed under special conditions. The chlorination process described can be used to obtain e.g. polychloroaryl and polychloroalkyl isocyanide dichlorides, polychloroaryl and polychloroalkyl imidic acid chlorides, and polychloroheterocyclic compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196808561
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfonyl Hydrazones of Cyclic Amides and Quaternary Azo Sulfones of Heterocycles as Reagents in Azo ChemistryPart XXIX of the series “Azo dyes by oxidative coupling”. For Part XXVIII, see [26].Dedicated to Professor A. Steinhofer on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 335-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Sulfonyl hydrazones ; Amides ; Azo sulfones ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sulfonyl hydrazones of cyclic amides undergo oxidative coupling with phenols and reactive methylene components. The reaction proceeds via the azo sulfones, which may be used as such, and which, as ambident cations, enter into many reactions with nucleophiles and extend the scope of oxidative coupling. The reaction with phenols is a two-step process, in which the limiting cases k1 ≪ k2, k1 ≈ k2, and k1 ≫ k2 can be realized by slight variation of the reactants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196803351
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Directed Aldol Condensations (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Aldol reaction ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present article describes the discovery of a new procedure for aldol condensations for the preparation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compoundsG. Wittig, H. Pommer, and W. Stilz, German Patent 1199252 (April 5, 1963), BASF; Chem. Abstr. 63, P 1739c (1965).. The scope of this process is demonstrated by many examples, including some from the natural products sector; at the same time, however, these examples also mark its limitations. The metalated Schiff's bases may be classified as ambident anions; this also explains acylations on the nitrogen. A comparison of the new directed aldol condensation with the formation of unsaturated carbonyl compounds through olefination via phosphorylids shows that the latter method fails when a ketone is used as the substrate. This is where the described procedure using metalated Schiff's bases proves its value.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196800071
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydration of c=n bonds in heteroaromatic substancesSubstance of a plenary lecture given at the First German Heterocyclic Symposium, Stuttgart, October 5th, 1966. (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 919-928 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heteroaromatic compounds ; Hydration ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many aromatic N-heterocycles add water across the C=N double bond. Methods are described for recognizing this phenomenon and for diagnosis of the site of attack. These methods are extended to the determination of (a) the ionization constants of unstable states (whether hydrated or anhydrous), (b) the ratio of hydrated to anhydrous forms at equilibrium, and (c) the rate constants of hydration. The features that stabilize hydration in a molecule are discussed. The literature through 1965 and 1966 is reviewed with special reference to the emergence of new principles, such as di-hydration and the shifting of hydration within a molecule.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196709191
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses with ketones, sulfur, and ammonia or amines at room temperatureSimple syntheses and chemical behavior of new heterocyclic ring systems, part 2. Part 1: F. Asinger and M. Thiel, Angew. Chem. 70, 667 (1958). Cf. also F. Asinger, W. Schäfer, K. Halcour, A. Saus, and H. Triem, Angew. Chem. 75, 1050 (1963); Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 3, 19 (1964). (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 907-919 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Ketones ; Sulfur ; Amines ; Heterocycles ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A large number of preparatively interesting compounds have become readily available by the simultaneous action of sulfur and ammonia or amines on ketones. Direct syntheses of Δ3-thiazolines, Δ3-imidazoline-5-thiones, 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,4-thiazines, and the 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexathiocane system from ketones, sulfur, and ammonia or amines, and further possibilities for the synthesis of these heterocyclic systems have been proposed. Other heterocycles containing N or N and S (thiazoles, thiophenes, thiazolidines, tetrahydrothiazolo[2,3-c]-1,4-thiazines, thiomorpholines, 4-amino-2H-imidazoles, etc.) are readily obtainable by further reactions of these compounds. Hydrolysis of the Δ3-thiazolines yields α-mercapto ketones, which are the starting materials for other syntheses. Most of the syntheses described proceed at room temperature and at normal pressure.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196709071
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Methods of Preparative Organic Chemistry VThe papers in the preceding series have been published in four volumes by Verlag Chemie, Weinheim/Bergstr.; English edition: Academic Press New York-London. Volume V will appear shortly.: Organic Syntheses with Imides of Sulfur Dioxide (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 149-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Imides ; Sulfur dioxide ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cycloadditions and other reactions of compounds containing the groups N=SO and N=S=N are reviewed.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196701491
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Reactions of Cyanic Esters (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 206-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Cyanic esters ; Esters ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In 1963, it was found that sterically unhindered esters of cyanic acid, which had previously been considered unobtainable, could be easily prepared from phenols and cyanogen halides. Another synthesis, involving the thermolysis of thiatriazole derivatives, was discovered in 1964. The aryl cyanates in particular have since been found to have many uses as starting materials for the preparation of numerous new classes of compounds [e.g. derivatives of esters of imidocarbonic acid (esters, amides, imides, hydrazides, hydroxylamides, sulfamides, sulfhydrazides, semicarbazides); esters of imidocarboxylic acids; s-triazines, pyrimidines, tetrazoles, triazoles, triazolones, oxadiazoles, thiadiazoles, benzoxazinones, etc.], mainly by addition of nucleophilic or 1,3-dipolar reactants, or as aids e.g. in the elimination of H2O or H2S or in the transfer of CN groups.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196702061
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses of Thiocarbamates (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 281-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Thiocarbamates ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The methods suitable for the preparation of thiocarbamates are described and illustrated by examples and procedures. They are grouped under the following headings:1Addition of Alcohols and Thiols to Isothiocyanates2Thioacylation of Amines(a)with chlorothioformates(b)with O,S-diesters of dithiocarbonic acid(c)with trithiocarbonates3Thioacylation of Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols(a)with thiocarbamoyl chlorides(b)with N,N-dialkylmercaptochloroformimidium chlorides(c)with N,N′-thiocarbonyldiimidazole4Reaction of Thiocyanates and Cyanates with Hydrogen Sulfide5Alkylation of Metal Dithiocarbamates6Additions to Thiocyanic Acid
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196702811
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Formation of C—C Bonds with the Aid of α-Halogeno Ethers, Sulfides, and AminesPart 30 of α-Halogenoether; Part 29: H. Gross, J. Gloede, and J. Freiberg, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 702, 68 (1967).Dedicated to Professor Alfred Rieche on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 335-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: α-Halogeno ethers ; Ethers ; Sulfides ; Amines ; C-C coupling ; α-Halogeno amines ; Synthetic methods ; α-Halogeno sulfides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Halogeno ethers, sulfides, and amines are reactive compounds which can be used for the formation of new C—C bonds, either as nucleophilic or as electrophilic reagents, or by α-elimination. The use of these compounds in the synthesis of many classes of organic compounds is reviewed.
    Additional Material: 14 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196703351
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  • 13
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    Syntheses of Isocyanide DihalidesThe articles in this series have been published in five volumes by Verlag Chemie, Weinheim/Bergstr. An English edition has also been published. The present article will appear in Volume VI of the series. (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 649-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Isocyanide dihalides ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The methods for the preparation of isocyanide dihalides, and particularly of isocyanide dichlorides, are described. The scopes and courses of the various processes are critically discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196706491
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  • 14
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    New Methods of Preparative Organic ChemistryThe articles in this series have been published in five volumes by Verlag Chemie, Weinheim/Bergstrasse. An English edition has also been published. The present article, together with procedures will appear in Volume VI of the series.. Transfer of Diazo GroupsXIIIth report on reactions of compounds containing active methylene groups with azides. From the Habilitation Thesis of M. Regitz, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, 1965; supplemented by more recent work. (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 733-749 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Diazo group transfer ; Diazo compounds ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When an arenesulfonyl azide, particularly p-toluenesulfonyl azide, reacts, in the presence of a base, with a compound containing an active methylene group, the two hydrogen atoms of the active methylene group are replaced by a diazo group to form a diazo compound and an arenesulfonamide. The method may be used for the synthesis of the diazo derivatives of cyclopentadienes, cyclohexadienes, 1,3-dicarbonyl, 1,3-disulfonyl, and 1,3-ketosulfonyl compounds, ketones, carbonic acid esters, and β-iminoketones. Secondary reactions can lead to azo compounds and heterocycles such as 1,2,3-triazoles, 1,2,3-thiadiazoles, and pyrazolin-4-ones. Azidinium salts react in the same way, but in this case an acidic reaction medium is necessary, a fact that is sometimes advantageous.
    Additional Material: 11 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196707331
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  • 15
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    Spatial Arrangement and Preparative Organic Synthesis (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 778-789 
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    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Spatial arrangement ; Synthetic methods ; Stereochemistry ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This review deals with the stereoselective formation of organic compounds. A number of examples of such syntheses, especially those of alkaloids and steroids, are described. An asymmetric synthesis, which avoids the intricacies and wastefulness of optical resolution, has been successful in a few cases only. The procedures of configurational change and of optical resolution, as well as the planning of multi-step stereoselective syntheses, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196707781
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
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    Ring Closures with Carbon Monoxide (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 435-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: C-C coupling ; Ring closure ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon monoxide undergoes catalytic reactions with unsaturated compounds to give heterocyclic carbonyl compounds. This cyclization has led to new syntheses of imides, lactams, lactones, phthalimidines, indazolones, and tetrahydroquinazolines.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196604351
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  • 17
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    Novel Approaches to the Synthesis of Some Heterocycles Containing Nitrogen (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Pyrimidines ; Quinazolines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some syntheses of heretofore unknown pyrimidines, tetrahydroquinazolines, and quinazolines are described. These methods are uniquely simple one- or two-step reactions, general and versatile in scope, and give high yields. Some interesting chemistry associated with these heterocyclic systems is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196600351
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  • 18
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    Syntheses of Thiocarboxamides (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 447-461 
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    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Thiocarboxamides ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methods for the preparation of thiocarboxamides are described with special reference to progress achieved in the last few years. The discussion is arranged according to the eight most important reaction types.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196604471
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  • 19
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    Synthesis of Isocyanates and Carbodiimides (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 704-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Isocyanates ; Carbodiimides ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of 1,3-disubstituted ureas and 1-arylsulfonyl-3-alkylureas with phosgene permits the preparation of a number of isocyanates and sulfonyl isocyanates that had not previously been described, or that were difficult to prepare. 1,3-Disubstituted thioureas and 1-aryl-(or alkyl)sulfonyl-3-alkylthioureas give carbodiimides. Thionyl chloride and phosphorus pentachloride react with the urea derivatives in the same way as phosgene. Oxalyl chloride reacts with ureas to form parabanic acid derivatives, whereas with thiourea it gives 2-imino-1,3-thiazolidine-4,5-diones, which can isomerize to parabanic acid derivatives.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196607041
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  • 20
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    Silicon-Nitrogen Heterocycles (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 760-776 
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    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Silicon-nitrogen heterocycles ; Heterocycles ; Cyclosilazanes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Great progress has recently been made in the chemistry of the silicon-nitrogen bondC. Eaborn: Organosilicon Compounds. Butterworths, London 1960, p. 339.R. Fessenden and J. S. Fessenden, Chem. Reviews 61, 361 (1961).K. A. Andrianov, I. Haiduc, and L. M. Khananashvili, Uspekhi Khim. 32, 563 (1963); Chem. Abstr. 59, 8782 (1963).U. Wannagat, Advances inorg. Chem. Radiochem. 6, 265 (1964).I. Haiduc: Westep do Chemii Nieorganicznych Zwiazkow Pierscieniowyrh. WPN, Warsaw 1964, Chap. 10 (in Polish).. Whereas attention was formerly concentrated on open-chain silazanes and silylamines, growing interest is now being shown in the cyclic SiN compounds. A major factor which has contributed to the rapid development in this field is the need for better polymers and liquids for use above 350 °CCf. E. G. Rochow, Chim. et Ind. 85, 897 (1961).. The present article deals with monomeric cyclic compounds containing at least one silicon-nitrogen bond in the ring, as well as the polycyclic compounds derived from these.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196607601
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  • 21
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    Syntheses of Carboxylic Acids from 1, 1-DichloroehyleneK. Bott, Angew. Chem. 77, 967 (1965); Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 956 (1965); Chem. Ber., in press.Dedicated to Professor F. Broich on his 60th birthday (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 5 (1966), S. 870-874 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Carboxylic acids ; 1,1-Dichloroethylene ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many β-alkyl- and β-arylpropionic acids are readily obtainable by the reaction of secondary or tertiary alcohols, esters of these, or olefins with the inexpensive 1, 1-dichloroethylene in sulfuric acid. The success of the synthesis depends on the bulk and energy of the carbonium ion intermediate formed from the alcohols or olefins. With carbonium ions having one H atom attached to the carbonium C atom, electrophilic substitution of the 1,1-dichloroethylene takes place to a small extent. Dicarboxylic acids and carboxylic acids with higher molecular weights are sometimes formed as a result of side reactions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196608701
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  • 22
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    Isonitrile Syntheses (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 472-484 
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    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Formamides ; Synthetic methods ; Isocyanides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In spite of the large number of reactions which involve the formation of isonitriles, the only preparative routes to these compounds, until recently, were the classical isonitrile syntheses discovered about one hundred years ago by Gautier and Hofmann. These methods are not generally applicable, and give satisfactory yields only in exceptional cases. Isonitriles have recently become readily available by the elimination of water from N-substituted formamides, using acyl halides of Group IV-;VI elements in the presence of bases as dehydrating agents. A dehydrating system with a particularly wide range of application consists of phosgene with tertiary amines. This system generally provides the easiest and most productive route to isonitriles, particularly where large quantities (〉 1 mole) are to be prepared.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196504721
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    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses. Part I: The Acid-Base Character of Phosphonium Salts and AlkylidenephosphoranesParts II and III will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 583-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phosphonium salts may be regarded as Bronsted acids, and alkylidenephosphoranes as the conjugate bases. Compounds of the two classes exist in equilibrium with each other. Phosphonium salts and alkylidenephosphoranes can be obtained by this “transylidation”. Other methods are also given for the preparation of members of both classes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196505831
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    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses. Part II. Alkylidenephosphoranes and Halogen CompoundsFor Part I see Angew. Chem. 77,609 (1965), Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 583 (1965). Part III will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 645-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of alkylidenephosphoranes with compounds containing halogens can be used to prepare ylides, which can be converted in to useful products, e.g. by hydrolysis, by thermal decomposition, or by other reactions. Examples of such products are ketones including cyclic, unsaturated, and branched-chain ketones (including cyclic, unsaturated, and branched-chain ketones), carboxlic esters (including those of unsaturated, branched- chain, polyenecarboxylic, acetylenecarboxylic, and allenecarboxylic acids), and aldehydes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196506451
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    The Hetarynes (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 543-557 
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    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Hetarynes ; Heterocycles ; Alkynes ; Arynes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Investigations carried out during the last six years have shown that, as in the case of benzene, an extra bond can be introduced into heteroaromatic rings. Since this possibility does not appear to be confined to exceptional cases, the heterocyclic arynes (hetarynes) promise a much wider variety than the carbocyclic arynes. Hetarynes occur mainly as intermediates in nucleophilic substitutions on halogenated heterocyclic compounds. Since the replacement of a CH group in dehydrobenzene by a nitrogen atom and the condensation of benzene rings have stabilizing effects, the stability of hetarynes is expected to increase with the number of N atoms and with the number of condensed aromatic rings.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196505431
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    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses IIIFor Part I, see Angew. Chem. 77, 609 (1965) Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 583 (1965); for Part II, see Angew. Chem. 77, 651 (1965); Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 645 (1965).. Alkylidenephosphoranes and Reagents Containing Multiple Bonds (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 830-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A few examples of preparatively useful syntheses using alkylidenephosphoranes and substances containing a C—N or C—C double bond are the preparations of olefins, allenes, pyran derivatives, and cyclopropane derivatives. Olefins, ketones, and monocyclic compounds can be obtained by autoxidation of alkylidenephosphoranes; α, β-dioxo compounds (including cyclicones) can be prepared by oxidation with peroxy-acids. Alkylidenephosphoranes can also be used for the synthesis of azines and Schiff bases. Of the many possibilities offered by the Wittig reaction, only the preparation of tritiated aldehydes and olefins will be considered.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196508301
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    New Methods in the Chemistry PyridazonesPublished on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG., on April 6th, 1965. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 292-300 
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    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Pyridazones ; Heterocycles ; Mucochloric acid ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new synthesis of mucochloric acid by chlorination of butynediol has facilitated the preparation of a series of 4,5-dichoropyridazones. The high reactivity of these compounds has been investigated and applied in several ways. New classes of compounds, some with biological activity, were obtained by displacement of the chlorine atoms. New heterocyclic systems were prepared by condensation and rearrangement reactions.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196502921
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    The Use of Silylation in Organic SynthesesThe articles of the previous three series have been collected and published in three volumes in German by Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Bergstr. (Germany); and in English by Academic Press, New York-London. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 417-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Silylation ; Synthetic methods ; Trimethylsilyl group ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The term silylation is used to denote the introduction of a triorganosilyl moiety, especially the trimethylsilyl species, into organic compounds. - Silylated amino acids and sugars are particularly suitable for the syntheses of peptides and saccharides, respectively, since the silyl group can be cleaved off readily under mild conditions. Many diamines undergo ring closure, e.g. with phosgene, only after silylation. - O-silylated lactim ethers (i.e. cyclic imino ethers) are converted into N-alkyl derivatives by alkyl halides. Compounds with a strongly polarized Si—C bond may be used for chain extension. Silyl esters of halogeno fatty acids yield lactones with silver cyanate. - Trimethylsilyl azide is thermally very stable and behaves like organic azides. It reacts with acetylenic compounds, trialkylphosphines, and triarylphosphines to yield silylated triazole derivatives, trialkylphosphines N-silylimines, and triarylphosphines to yield silylated triazole dervatives, trialkylphosphine N-silylimines, and triarylphosphine N-silylimines, respectively, from which the silyl groups can be removed under mild conditions.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196504171
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    Heterocycles Containing Phosphorus (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 1023-1038 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Phosphorus ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preparation of heterocycles containing phosphorus is described. The chemical behavior of ring systems containing trivalent phosphorus is mainly determined by their phosphine character; heterocyclic behavior in the ordinary sense is shown by rings containing functional groups. Syntheses and reactions of cyclic compounds of pentavalent and hexavalent phosphorus are particularly interesting.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196510231
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