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  • Articles  (706,747)
  • 1965-1969  (590,740)
  • 1925-1929
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  • 1
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    Buchdruckerei des Waisenhauses
    In:  Veröffentlichung des Preussischen Geodätischen Institutes ; N.F., 99
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: German
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  • 2
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    Grimmer Kreis-Zeitung
    In:  Veröffentlichung des Preussischen Geodätischen Institutes ; N.F., 103
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: German
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  • 3
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    Akademiai Kiado
    In:  ESC-Proceedings
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English , French , German
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 5
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    Zentralinstitut Physik der Erde
    In:  Veröffentlichungen des Zentralinstituts Physik der Erde
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: German
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English , French , German
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  • 7
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    Zentralinstitut Physik der Erde
    In:  Veröffentlichungen des Zentralinstituts Physik der Erde
    Publication Date: 2022-12-09
    Description: Es werden geometrische Eigenschaften der räumlichen Bahnkurven der durch die 2 - 10s - Mikroseismik verursachten Bodenschwingungen untersucht. Dabei ergeben sich für Stationen im Inneren des Kontinents ebene, polarisierte Schwingungen, deren Polarisation von der Wetterlage über dem Nordatlantik abhängt. Davon ausgehend wird ein neues Verfahren zur Erhöhung des seismischen Signal-Rausch-Verhältnisses (SNR)entwickelt. Eine Übersicht über das Quellenproblem der Mikroseismik schließt sich an.
    Description: The author has investigated geometrical quantities of the spatial particle orbits of 2 - 10s microseisms. For stations in the interior of the Continent these orbits are plane and polarized. The polarization depends on the weather situation over the Northern Atlantic. The paper presents a new method for signal-to-noise ratio augmentation, which is based on the found polarization phenomenon. A chapter follows on nature and sources of microseisms.
    Description: A Untersuchung der Polarisation und anderer Eigenschaften der langperiodischen Mikroseismik (Teil I, Text) 1. Einleitung 2. Die erste Aufbereitung der seismischen Registrierungen 3. Die Krümmungen als Unterscheidungsmerkmal 4. Die Polarisation der Mikroseismen 5. Vergleich Berggießhübel-Moxa 6. Die Einsatzsuchfunktion F 7. Besprechung der hinsichtlich ihrer Schwingungsebenenpolarisation untersuchten Stürme im Zusammenhang mit der Wetterlage 7.1 Der Sturm vom 28.1.1968 7.2 Der Sturm vom 7.2.1967 7.3 Der Sturm vom 6.2.1968 7.4 Der Sturm vom 6.12.1966 7.5 Der Sturm vom 15./16.12.1967 7.6 Der Sturm vom 27./28.10.1967 7.7 Weitere Stürme 8. Die Beziehung zwischen Amplitude und Periode der Mikroseismik der Stationen Berggießhübel und Moxa 9. Die Neigungswinkelverteilungen 10. Vergleich der Mikroseismik von Berggießhübel mit der von in Küstennähe gelegenen Stationen insbesondere Hamburg 10.1 Peilungen 10.2 Gestalt der Schwingungen 10.3 Polarisation der mikroseismischen Schwingungs-"Ebenen" und Polarisationsfilter 10.4 Schwingungstypen 10.5 Vergleich der Neigungswinkelverteilungen 10.6 Wellennatur 11. Deutung und Übersicht zum Quellenproblem 11.1 Theorien 11.2 Ozeanmikroseismen 11.3 Welche Quellen der Mikroseismik sind für Mitteleuropa maßgeblich? 11.4 Küstenmikroseismen 11.5 Mikroseismen, die in Nebenmeeren und Binnenseen entstehen 11.6 Lokale langperiodische Mikroseismen 12. Zusammenfassung Literatur B Polarization of Microseisms and Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement A Untersuchung der Polarisation und anderen Eigenschaften der langperiodischen Mikroseismik (Teil II, Anlagen)
    Language: German
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  • 8
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    In:  Protokoll über das Symposium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Gosler am 30.Sept und 2. Okt. 1965
    Publication Date: 2023-01-18
    Language: German
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  • 9
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    In:  Protokoll über das Symposium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Gosler am 30.Sept und 2. Okt. 1965
    Publication Date: 2023-01-18
    Language: German
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  • 10
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    In:  Protokoll über das Symposium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Gosler am 30.Sept und 2. Okt. 1965
    Publication Date: 2023-01-18
    Language: German
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2023-01-18
    Language: German
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  • 12
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    Zentralinstitut Physik der Erde
    In:  Veröffentlichungen des Zentralinstituts Physik der Erde
    Publication Date: 2022-12-11
    Description: Es werden die Störungen im zeitlichen Ablauf der Amplituden und Phasen zweier auf elastischem Stativ schwingender Schwerependel untersucht. Betrag und Periode der Störungen werden in Abhängigkeit von den Anfangsbedingungen und dem Verhältnis [...] zwischen dem Parameter der elastischen Kopplung und der Verstimmung der beiden Pendel dargestellt. Es zeigt sich, daß die Amplituden und Phasendifferenzen bei [...] = 1 am stärksten gestört sind und mit wachsendem [...] zunehmend von den Anfangsbedingungen beeinflußt werden. Die Ergebnisse absoluter und relativer Pendelmessungen bestätigen den theoretischen Befund.
    Description: Disturbances are investigated which are introduced by the sway effect into the time-functions of amplitudes and phases of two pendulums swinging on the same support. Rate and period of the disturbances are represented as functions of the initial conditions and the quotient [...] formed by the parameter of elastic coupling and the differences of the periods of the two pendulums. Hence it follows that the perturbations of the amplitudes and phase differences are biggest if [...] = 1. With increasing [...] the influence of the initial condi tions is growing up. The results of absolute and relative pendulum measurements confirm the theoretical statements.
    Description: 1. Die Differentialgleichungen des Problems und ihre Lösungen 2. Amplituden- und Phasenverlauf bei gegeneinander schwingenden Pendeln 3. Diskussion der Lösungen 3.1. Verlauf der Amplitudenschwankungen 3.2. Verlauf der Phasenschwankungen 4. Zur Mitschwingreduktion der Schwingungszeiten 5. Praktische Anwendungen Literatur Abbildungen
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    Smithonian Astrophysical Observatory
    In:  Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Special Report
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This report was presented as a culmination of the massive effort to determine a set of constants defining the size, shape, and gravitational field of the earth. The first purpose of these three volumes is a comprehensive exposition of the data and techniques used to obtain the adopted standard parameters. The second purpose is the interpretation and elaboration of these data in conventional geodetic format. The primary instrument of the program was the Baker-Nunn satellite tracking camera used by 12 basic tracking stations around the world. This optical system provides an F/1 Schmidt-type instrument with a field of view of some 30° covered by a narrow film that can be changed automatically and rapidly. A dual-shutter system permits the time to be measured by breaks in the trails of either satellites or background stars with an accuracy of 0.001 sec. The first volume deals with theory and methods. It describes how the harmonic coefficients of the earth's gravitational field were evaluated, how a reference system for satellite observations was established, how data were processed, and how results of two different observing techniques were combined for increased accuracy. The second volume proceeds to a numerical analysis of observations; the results of the undertaking are interpreted in the third volume. The principal geodetic parameters adopted at SAO are simply a set of Cartesian coordinates for instrument positions at observing stations and a set of coefficients for a representation of the earth's gravitational potential in spherical harmonics. Both sets are expressed in an orthogonal geocentric coordinate system with its z axis through the mean pole of 1900-1905 as defined by the International Polar Motion Service and with its x axis implicity determined by the defined latitude of the U.S. Naval Observatory, to which tabulations of Universal Time correspond. This coordinate system, fixed in the earth, is related to celestial directions through the expressions and data given by the international services monitoring the motion of the earth. The star positions in the SAO Star Catalog imply the celestial coordinates. Finally, the distance scale comes from the adopted value for GM, the multiplicative constant in the geopotential representation. Results from orbital dynamics are combined with geometrical information in the form of directions between stations. The combination calculation gives a further improved set of station coordinates and harmonic coefficients. These new values go back into the differential orbit improvement program, and new orbital elements subsequently result. This cycle of calculations continues until significant changes cease to occur and the process is judged to have converged. The adopted standard coordinates for the 12 SAO stations were those from the final combination calculation. The standard tesseral harmonic coefficients were derived from a determination of these coefficients alone because the number of unknowns was limited by the computer program and because freezing station positions in the final step allowed a solution for more geopotential coefficients. Volume 3 includes discussions of datum displacement, the deflection of the vertical, and the unification of precise astrogeodetic maps. A comparison of coordinates with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory DSIF stations was another interesting calculation. The agreement between JPL and SAO position data is very satisfying, and because the systems and methods are totally independent, this constitutes a strong verification of the accuracy of both systems. Together, the coordinates of the BakerNunn instruments in their respective survey datum and in the SAO standard system imply relationships between the various datums. The number of station sites in any major datum, is, of course, small, but nevertheless the derived relations between datums appear reasonable. As an indication of the quality of the standard geopotential, a comparison with surface--gravity information is useful. Another test of the geopotential is its value in determining orbits of satellites other than those from which it was derived. Experience with such determinations has been good, and the orbits for new satellites are essentially as accurate as those for corresponding satellites used in the standard solution.
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  • 14
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    Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
    In:  Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Special Report
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 15
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    Defense Mapping Agency
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 16
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    In:  Protokoll über das Symposium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Gosler am 30.Sept und 2. Okt. 1965
    Publication Date: 2022-07-14
    Language: German
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  • 17
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    In:  Protokoll über das Symposium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Gosler am 30.Sept und 2. Okt. 1965
    Publication Date: 2022-07-14
    Language: German
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  • 18
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    Buchdruckerei des Waisenhauses
    In:  Veröffentlichung des Preussischen Geodätischen Instituts ; N.F., 97
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: German
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  • 19
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    Buchdruckerei des Waisenhauses
    In:  Veröffentlichung des Preussischen Geodätischen Institutes ; N.F., 95
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  • 20
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Language: German
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  • 21
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
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  • 22
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
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  • 23
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 24
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 25
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 26
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 27
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
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  • 28
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Language: English
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  • 29
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 30
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 31
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 32
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 33
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 34
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 35
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 36
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 37
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  • 38
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  • 39
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  • 40
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  • 41
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  • 42
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  • 43
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium "Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung" in Reinhausen bei Göttingen vom 4.-6. März 1969
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2023-11-27
    Language: German
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  • 45
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publication Date: 2016-08-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 46
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    U.S. Geological Survey
    In:  EPIC3Reston, U.S. Geological Survey
    Publication Date: 2016-08-30
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 47
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    U.S. Department of Commerce
    In:  EPIC3Washington, U.S. Department of Commerce
    Publication Date: 2016-09-23
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 48
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    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Amsterdam, Elsevier
    Publication Date: 2016-08-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 49
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publication Date: 2015-11-27
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 50
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    USGS
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, USGS
    Publication Date: 2015-11-28
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 51
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publication Date: 2015-12-14
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2015-09-09
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 53
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    Nieders. Geol. Verein
    In:  EPIC3Hannover, Nieders. Geol. Verein
    Publication Date: 2017-11-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 54
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    Notgemeinschaft der deutschen Wissenschaft
    In:  EPIC3Berlin, Notgemeinschaft der deutschen Wissenschaft
    Publication Date: 2017-11-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 55
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    National Science Foundation
    In:  EPIC3Washington D.C., National Science Foundation
    Publication Date: 2016-10-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 56
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.304 (1968) nr.1 p.340
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: From a bryological point of view Greenland is not well known in detail. Unlike Siberia or Arctic America, it is not known through a few large collections, but through multitudes of mostly relatively small gatherings. In this arctic island that is almost 2000 miles long and extends from below 60° N.lat. to nearly 84° N.lat., travel and logistics are difficult. Consequently no over-all study of the whole island has been made, although many collections have been achieved through casual or intensive studies of small areas. Like the other contributions to the knowledge of the bryoflora of Greenland this paper will only deal with a rather limited area; the Angmagssalik district on the East coast of Greenland, ranging from 65° N.lat. to 67°20' N.lat. In 1887 Lange and Jensen published the first and until now the only comprehensive review of specimens and publications on the Musci of Greenland. In their paper the first moss collection from the Angmagssalik area was reported, made in 1884-1885 in the course of ethnographical studies by Gustav Holm (Sphagnum girgensohnii and Polytrichum juniperinum), the first European to visit this part of East Greenland.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 57
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.312 (1969) nr.1 p.16
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Contrary to Europe, with only one Caltha species, North America has at least three species of this genus. These are the polymorphic C. palustris L., also widely distributed in Europe, the floating aquatic C. natans Pall, and the polymorphic C. leptosepala-biflora group. Two previous papers (Smit 1967, 1968) dealt with taxonomic aspects of C. palustris, that in North America were not essentially different from those of European material.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 58
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.313 (1969) nr.1 p.306
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The chromosome numbers of 16 species of Angiosperms, collected in Cameroun and the Ivory Coast, were determined. The numbers given for 14 species are new, in the remaining species the results of other authors could be confirmed.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 59
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.268 (1966) nr.1 p.541
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The chromosome number of 157 species of Angiospermae occurring in the Netherlands is dealt with.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 60
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    In:  Pacific Plant Areas (0373-4293) vol.2 (1966) nr.1 p.53
    Publication Date: 2015-09-18
    Description: Name: Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb.) DC. Monogr. Camp. (1830) 143. Family: Campanulaceae.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 61
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    In:  Pacific Plant Areas (0373-4293) vol.2 (1966) nr.1 p.7
    Publication Date: 2015-09-18
    Description: Alangium LAMK.—M. M. J. van Balgooy, Pac. Plant Areas 2: map 72. Complete; Old World, also incl. Indo-Malesia, E. Australia, Pacific (Solomons, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Fiji); delineated except in Africa and Madagascar, localities indicated only in the Pacific, species density; monograph.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 62
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.262 (1966) nr.2 p.316
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The Upper Hunter palynological assemblage described includes 54 species, assigned to 29 genera. Seven genera (Scabratisporites, Guttatisporites, Lapposisporites, Pseudogravisporites, Paralundbladispora, Taeniaepollenites and Tubantiapollenites) and 39 species are new; three generic descriptions are emended (Apiculatasporites, Colpectopollis and Angustisulcites) and three new combinations are proposed. Bisaccate pollen grains average 84 %; within this group no Upper Permian elements could be demonstrated. The assemblage is compared with other European Lower and Middle Triassic assemblages; there are no close similarities to assemblages outside Europe.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 63
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.257 (1966) nr.1 p.266
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: In a previous palynological study in Cocoid palms the present authors (Punt and Wessels Boer, 1966) were able to demonstrate a rather strong but not absolute correlation between the pollen types and the staminate flower types within the genus Attalea in the broad sense. The existence of partly apparently primitive, partly very advanced flower types within the otherwise close related group of Geonomoid palms made it worthwhile to investigate the same feature in this group. The Geonomoid palms are usually considered to comprise 7-9 genera of monoecious Arecoid palms which share a large number of characteristics (Burret, 1930; Moore, 1966). The group is very obviously a most natural one. The generic distinctions are mainly based on the flower morphology, notably on differences found in the androeceum and pistil.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 64
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.316 (1969) nr.1 p.74
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The chromosome numbers of 31 species of Angiospermae collected in S. Brazil were determined. Of these species 5 were studied before, the other numbers are new, 11 are first counts for genera and one even for a family. Some notes on the cytology and morphology are added.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 65
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.260 (1966) nr.1 p.290
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: In this preliminary investigation attention was paid to pollen morphology of West-European species of the Rosaceae. Some new terms were used like fastigium, endocingulus etc. The terminology of Iversen and Troels-Smith has been followed in addition to improvements by Erdtman. A key is given to the types and subtypes for the use of pollen analytical investigators. Sanguisorba officinalis appeared to be always 3-colporate and not 6-colporate.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 66
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.307 (1968) nr.1 p.161
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: A palynological assemblage obtained from marly limestones of the Dutch Lower Muschelkalk is discussed. A qualitative analysis has disclosed its great resemblance to Upper Bunter (Röt) assemblages ; however, differences in quantitative composition were demonstrated. Utilizing palynological data new information can be added to the knowledge of the European Middle Triassic flora.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 67
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.252 (1967) nr.1 p.630
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The water economy, the mineral content of the soil, and human influence are the principal ecological factors governing the variation of the heath vegetation of a limited region. Sloping of the surface is also an important factor. In hilly country it is of a twofold nature: on the one hand the difference between high and low altitudes, based on the water economy, on the other hand differences in (micro-) climate. If the hills are higher, this results in greater climatic differences. In extremely oceanic and in boreal regions a rise in altitude of 100 m is sufficient for creating a noticeable decrease in temperature and an increase in precipitation, aerial moisture, and wind force. This results in the occurrence on the hills of heath communities that have their main distribution more to the North. The same observation was made by Gimingham (1961). On Slieve League on the Donegal coast (Ireland) Salix herbacea and Lycopodium selago occur in the heath at an altitude of 600 m, near Tongue on the Scottish north coast Dryas octopetala, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Alchemilla alpina and Thalictrum alpinum at an altitude of 60 m. West of Apeldoorn in the Netherlands are found extensive stretches of heath with abundant Vaccinium myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea at an elevation of 60-80 m, even on south-facing slopes. This is an area with high precipitation due to ascending air west of the hill ridge of the Eastern-Veluwe. Here the Vacciniums, elsewhere requiring the protection of the forest, can tolerate the habitat of the open heath (Stoutjesdijk, 1959; De Smidt, 1966). Higher elevation combined with north-facing slopes creates extreme conditions e.g. on Roc Trévézel (300—360 m) in Brittany, with Vaccinium myrtillus, Melampyrum pratense, Hymenophyllum wilsonii and Rhytidiadelphus loreus. These species are virtually lacking in the surrounding plains where the heath consists of such South Atlantic species as Erica cinerea, E. ciliaris, Ulex gallii, Lobelia urens, Lithospermum prostratum and Symethis planifolia.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 68
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.320 (1969) nr.1 p.197
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Frutex epiphyticus, ramis quadrangularibus, angulis lenticellatis. Folia ramorum fertilium petiolis 2-5 mm longis, 1.5-2 mm latis; lamina chartacea vel subcoriacea, oblanceolato-oblonga vel interdum elliptico-oblonga, 9-14 cm longa, 3-4.5 cm lata, ápice acuminata, acumen 1-2 cm longum, basi attenuata, costa subtus prominente, nervis lateralibus supra et subtus prominentibus vel prominulis, glandulis hypophyllis aliquot patelliformibus vel foveolatis, parvis, 3-5 in folii parte inferiore oblique seriatis, aliis minutis, punctiformibus, nigricantibus, aequaliter dispersis. Flores in racemis umbelliformibus (20-) 30-45-floris; rhachis ad circa 1 cm longa; nectaria clavato-cucullata, stipitata, stipes 5-8 mm longus, cucullus 1-1.5 cm longus, circa 4-5 mm diametro, ore late-rotundata, margine plerumque recurvo, apiculata; pedicelli 5-7 cm longi, lenticellati; bracteolae sepaloideae, circa 1 mm longae, 2-3 mm latae; sepala suborbicularia vel reniformia, circa 2-3 mm longa, circa 4-5 mm lata, margine glandulosa; corolla oblongo-subconoidea, circa 1 cm longa, circa 4-5 mm diametro; stamina 18-33, filamentis applanatis, liberis, inaequalibus, in alabastro 4-6 mm longis, antheris linearibus, 3-5 mm longis, circa 1 mm latis, basi subsagittatis; ovarium circa 2-3 mm diametro, 6-11-loculare. Fructus globosus, circa 9 mm diametro, stylo persistenti ornatus. Typus : Costa Rica, vicinity of Vara Blanca, North slope of Central Cordillera, between Poás and Barba Volcanoes, alt. 1700 m, April 1938, Skutch 3762 (holotype US; isotypes GH, MO, NY, S). Paratypes; Costa Rica: Heredia: Cerro de las Caricias, North of San Isidro. Standley & Valerio 52202, 52248,52375 (US); Panama:Chiriquí: Boquetedistrict, Bajo Chorro, Davidson 398 (GH, US).
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 69
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.308 (1968) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Although algology deals with a large group of plants, widespread and of a great morphological diversity, the history of this branch of botany is fairly young. Linnaeus (1753) listed in his Species Plantarum under the heading “Cryptogamia—Algae” only five genera of plants which are still accepted as algae at the present time. Under the same heading he also described a number of liverworts, lichens and sponges and a few other things.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 70
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.321 (1969) nr.1 p.216
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Joseph Gaertner (1732-1791) was the first to develop a carpological taxonomy in his book De fructibus et seminibus plantarum (1788-1791). The scope and background of this work are discussed; its history is sketched on the basis of the Banks correspondence at the British Museum; the main sources of material are listed. A brief outline of Gaertner’s life is given, also mainly based on letters from him and his contemporaries to Joseph Banks.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 71
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.264 (1966) nr.1 p.490
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Previously, the chromosome numbers of some species of Loganiaceae were dealt with (Gadella, 1961, 1962, 1963). The chromosome numbers of 7 species are reported in this paper, of which 4 species, all belonging to the genus Strychnos, had not been investigated cytologically before. The materials, kindly supplied to me by Dr. A. J. M. Leeuwenberg and by Ir. F. Breteler, were collected in the form of seed-samples in the Ivory Coast and in Cameroun. The plants of 2 species originate from botanical gardens. Living material of all species (except for Strychnos lernata Gilg. ex Lwb.) is grown in the botanical garden of Wageningen (WAG). The determination of the chromosome numbers was based on the study of roottipmitoses. Roottips of the plants were fixed in Karpechenko, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 15 micron and stained according to Heidenhain’s haematoxylin method. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. Nuxia floribunda Benth.: 2n = 38 Origin of the material: S. Africa, obtained from the University of Stellenbosch. Seeds probably collected in the wild. Herbarium material of the mother-plant: J. J. Bos, no. 310 (WAG). Herbarium material of seedling: A. J. M. Leeuwenberg no. 3665 (WAG). References: Gadella (1963): 2n = 38. 2. Strychnos dinklagei Gilg.: 2n = 44 Origin of the material: Ivory Coast, Forêt d’Abouabou, between Abidjan and Grand Bassam. Herbarium material of the mother-plant: R. A. A. Oldeman no. 845 (WAG). Herbarium material of the seedling: A. J. M. Leeuwenberg no. 3561 (WAG). References: Gadella (1963); 2n = 44. 3. Strychnos innocua Del. subsp. innocua: 2n = 44 Origin of the material: Ivory Coast, 16 km S. of Ferkéssédougou. Herbarium material of the mother-plant: A. J. M. Leeuwenberg no. 4435 (ABI, WAG). 4. Strychnos millepunctata Leeuwenberg: 2n= 441) Origin of the material: Ivory Coast, Forêt d’Abouabou, between Abidjan and Grand Bassam. Herbarium material of the mother-plant: J. J. F. E. de Wilde & A. J. M. Leeuwenberg no. 3447 (ABI, WAG). 5. Strychnos samba Duvign.: 2n = 44 Origin of the material: Cameroun, 4 km S. of Nguélémendouka. Herbarium material of the mother-plant: F. J. Breteler no. 2051 (WAG). 6. Strychnos spinosa Lam.: 2n = 44 Origin of the material: obtained from the botanical garden of Groningen, the Netherlands, origin unknown. Herbarium material of cutting: A. J. M. Leeuwenberg no. 3564 (WAG). References: Mangenot and Mangenot (1958): 2n = 44. Miège (1960): 2n = 44. Gadella (1962): 2n = 44. 7. Strychnos ternata Gilg. ex Leeuwenberg: 2n = 44 1) Origin of the material: Cameroun, 27 km from Bertoua on road to Bétaré Oya. Herbarium material of the mother-plant: F. J. Breteler no. 2196 (WAG). Herbarium material of the seedling: F. J. Breteler no. 2994 (WAG). Twenty-one species of the genus Strychnos have been studied up to the present. The following chromosome numbers have been counted: 2n = 24 (3 species, counted by Mohrbutter, 1936); 2n = 44 (16 species); 2n = 88 (2 species). From these data the conclusion may be drawn that the more common basic number of the genus Strychnos is X = 11 or 1 = 22.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 72
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.231 (1966) nr.1 p.95
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: A suitable subtitle for this paper would have been “The rise and fall of a family”. What is usually called the Cyphellaceae is an instructive example of a situation not uncommonly encountered in the current systematics of mycology: a family retained in a traditional sense by some mycologists and considered by them as good a family as any, while others are convinced that it is nothing but a handy bin from which part of the contents has already been taken out and disposed of by scattering it over various groups, but which is still needed for keeping what remains. We do not yet know what to do with this considerable remainder, mainly because the published accounts are inadequate and the species have not yet been scrutinized anew in the light of present-day taxonomic requirements. In order to understand the basic idea of the Cyphellaceae the type species may be briefly introduced. The fact that Cyphella digitalis was originally described as Peziza digitalis is telling, and one could not do better than characterize it as a ‘discomycete’ with basidia, viz. a cup-shaped fruit-body with the hymenium lining the smooth inside or ‘disk’. If one were pressed to form an opinion about its taxonomic position from a dried, not annotated collection and without the aid of the microscope, one would even now, very likely, dispose of it as a discomycete. However, there is little doubt that in nature the cup is directed downward at least when mature, in contradistinction to the average discomycete in which the hymenium containing the asci is directed upward. This difference is a reflection of the two modes of violent spore discharge inherent in the hymenomycetous basidium and ascus; it has been explained through Buller’s well-known researches. The cups in the various species are not always typically cup-shaped; in a number they are more or less tubular or else more flattened and even disk-like.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 73
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.223 (1966) nr.1 p.36
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: La systématique scientifique, qui classe tous les êtres vivants, actuels et fossiles, d’après leurs affinités naturelles ou présumées telles, doit pouvoir donner à chaque taxon un nom stable, permettant de le désigner avec son rang taxonomique et de l’identifier facilement. La nomenclature botanique n’échappe pas à cette exigence et depuis que C. Linné généralisa, en 1753, la nomenclature binominale, le besoin s’est fait sentir de compléter et de préciser, sur le plan international, les principes et les règles établis par l’illustre botaniste suédois.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 74
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.242 (1967) nr.1 p.512
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: From the general discussion of the effect of mass selection on the genotypic array of the next generation we have seen that under certain conditions mass selection can lead to homozygosity, but does not do so necessarily. Outcrossing, mutations and disadvantages of certain genotypes may prevent reaching equilibrium condition with complete homozygosity even in the simplest case of one locus with two alleles. It depends on the magnitude of these factors and the degree of heterozygosity of the variety how close to genetic uniformity we ultimately can come. The advancing of one generation has only a small effect, which becomes less as the frequency of one of the genotypes becomes less. Mass selection can reduce segregation in a variety, but only in ideal situations and only in small steps. Obviously the most effective way to promote genetic uniformity is to begin with non-segregating material obtained through careful inbreeding and within-family selection. Then, if this is available, mass selection is hardly necessary and seed collection should be done so as to prevent a return to a heterozygous condition. When only segregating populations are available, some changes can be expected if the selection intensity is low, but they will not be great and may not be noticed until after several generations. Returning to the original question of the stability of the tobacco variety, the conclusion can be drawn that when large numbers of plants from a field are selected as seedplants the changes in the next generation as a whole will be small, regardless of the selection procedure used. When 10-30 % of all plants are allowed to produce seed we cannot expect important changes. Also, when the environmental variations are as great as in shade tobacco, the possibilities of selecting against certain genotypes for a number of characteristics simultaneously becomes virtually impossible. Concerning whether or not mass selection can lead to improvements in the variety, it was explained that the selection intensity and the heritability of a character determine the selection response. Perhaps this response can be predicted in the case of one character, but it becomes difficult, if not impossible, to forecast the results when many characters are involved at the same time. Reference was also made to a selection index which has been effective in livestock breeding. Even if an index could be determined for shade tobacco, its use is not necessarily effective, as Kempthorne (1957) pointed out. The genotype-environment interaction makes questionable the choice of certain fields over others. Without experiments, such questions cannot be answered. It is likely that mass selection with low selection pressure changes a variety very little. Again, in a field where up to 30 % of the plants are selected for seed, the pressure cannot be very great and we should not expect great changes. Only when a few plants are carefully selected for certain characters should progress become noticeable, as is the experience of single plant selection in plant breeding. We conclude that mass selection for seed and plant breeding to improve a variety should not be confused with each other. Each has its own aims and methods, which are not interchangeable. Where uncertainty exists about seed, progeny tests usually are made to compare a seed with the parent seed. Bolsunov (1959) has described a number of such procedures for tobacco, though the more elaborate of them appear impractical.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 75
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.220 (1966) nr.1 p.5
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Eén van de grote giften van A. A. Pulle, Lanjouw’s voorganger als Hoogleraar in de Bijzondere Plantkunde en de Plantengeographie te Utrecht, was zijn goede keus van medewerkers. Hij kon die keus maken dank zij een andere gift, die van leermeester. Pulle’s stimulerende activiteit als hoogleraar luidde de wedergeboorte in van de Nederlandse plantensystematiek door een stroom van leerlingen waarvan er velen ook nu nog een belangrijke rol spelen in de botanische wereld. Vele van Pulle’s leerlingen uit de eerste tijd moesten Utrecht verlaten omdat er in de twintiger jaren nu eenmaal nog geen sprake was van een redelijk gesalariëerde wetenschappelijke staf. Eén leerling echter werd zo gefascineerd door de vele mogelijkheden die het Utrechtse instituut bood, dat hij bleef, niettegenstaande de soms zeer ongunstige economische en organisatorische omstandigheden. Deze leerling, Lanjouw, toonde reeds toen de taaie volhardendheid die zijn medewerkers en leerlingen in later jaren zo goed leerden kennen en waarderen. Reeds van de eerste jaren van zijn assistentschap aan stonden Lanjouw de idealen voor ogen die hij in de loop van zijn lange loopbaan van assistent tot directeur voor het grootste gedeelte zou weten te realiseren. Deze loopbaan begon toen hij op 1 januari 1926 benoemd werd tot assistent bij de Bijzondere Plantkunde. In het jaar waarin we het feit herdenken dat het veertig jaar geleden is dat Lanjouw verbonden werd aan het Botanisch Museum valt ook de honderdenvijftigste verjaardag van het herbarium. Plantensystematiek is te Utrecht in meerdere of mindere mate beoefend van de stichting van de Universiteit af. Op 30 oktober 1816 echter werd het eerste herbarium voor de Universiteit verworven. In 1966 herdenken we dus eigenlijk twee jubilea. De periode van werkelijk actief systematisch onderzoek is echter veel korter geweest: de korte jaren van Miquel’s werkzaamheid (1859-1871) en de periode die in 1906 begon met de aanstelling van Pulle tot Lector in de plantensystematiek. Pulle gaf, voor het eerst na Miquel, en mede dank zij de stimulerende invloed van Went, een nieuwe stoot aan het plantensystematisch onderzoek in Nederland en wel vooral aan het onderzoek van de tropische flora’s. Een reeks van leerlingen wijdde zich onder zijn leiding aan de studie van de flora’s van Suriname en Nederlands Indië. Het is voldoende hierbij de namen van van Sloten, Lam, van Steenis, en Uittien te noemen om deze ontwikkeling te illustreren. Lanjouw koos voor zijn proefschrift de Surinaamse Euphorbiaceae en het was uit dit werk dat de „Flora of Suriname” voortkwam. Zonder ook maar iets tekort te doen aan de rol van Pulle kan gezegd worden dat van het begin van zijn loopbaan af Lanjouw actief heeft medegewerkt aan de opbouw van het Botanisch Museum en dat hij bij de ontwikkeling van de zo belangrijke „Flora of Suriname” een doorslaggevende rol heeft gespeeld. Zijn dissertatie „The Euphorbiaceae of Suriname” vormde, ten dele, tegelijk de eerste aflevering van de Flora.
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  • 76
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.229 (1966) nr.1 p.84
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The somewhat peculiar genus Vahlia Thunb. (1782) was formerly regarded as an anomalous member of the Saxifragaceae, but in 1959 it was segregated as the monotypic family Vahliaceae by Dandy (in Hutchinson, Fam. Fl. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 461). The genus includes about three species, all of them highly variable in stature, flower size, and indumentum; this has resulted in the description of more than twenty “species”, whose names now appear in synonymy. This note, however, is chiefly concerned with the generic name, since it appears that Vahlia Thunb. is not correct under the Code and must be replaced by Bistella Adans. (1763). In the synonymy under the new combinations, all the relevant names so far traced are included, but it may well be that an experimental approach to the problem of specific and infraspecific limits and the taxonomic value of the characters hitherto relied upon for differentiation would result in considerable changes. Bistella Adans. (1763) was cited in the form “ Bistella Lippi 243 – Ascyroides Lippi” and the name than fell into abeyance until it was resuscitated by Delile in 1826. He described plants collected by Cailliaud, and identified a number of them with those of Lippi. In particular, he identified Lippi 243 (and 244) with the Cailliaud plant which he named “ Bistella geminiflora Delil. (Descript, des plantes découv. par M. Cailliaud, pl. II. fig. 4). – Ascyroides Lippi (Manusc. nos. 243 et 244).” It must be emphasized that the taxonomic identification of “ Bistella Del.” with Vahlia Thunb. has never been questioned, but the identity of Adanson’s Bistella with Bistella geminiflora Del. has been overlooked; this species, as represented by Lippi’s plant, is the type of the generic name Bistella Adans.
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  • 77
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.250 (1967) nr.1 p.585
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: A survey is given of the types of the sclereids and the sclereid patterns occurring in the leaves of the Marcgraviaceae. Eight main categories of sclereids are distinguished on the base of the morphology of the sclereids. A comparison is made with the foliar sclereids found in some other families. The systematic value and the function of the sclereids are briefly discussed. Some new combinations of names are published.
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  • 78
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.232 (1966) nr.1 p.102
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Among the endemic and sometimes localized genera of the Cruciferae occurring in South America, Mathewsia stands apart as an element of the distinctive desert flora of southwestern Peru and western Chile. As far as present records show, the genus is confined to a relatively narrow strip wholly west of the main Cordillera, not far from the Pacific Ocean. Some species are confined to washes or small arroyos known as quebrades. Others occur as part of the lomas vegetation of western Peru. Populations of the same species occupying different quebradas often differ from each other to a limited degree and in many instances probably little or no gene exchange occurs between them. The intervening dry areas, separating one quebrada from another, are completely unsuited to the growth of Mathewsia and form a natural barrier to the spread of any given population. Thus, with habitats only spottily available, the evolutionary divergence that has resulted in localized species of Mathewsia is readily understandable. One of the real difficulties in studying a group of species inhabiting areas that have been infrequently visited by botanists, is the paucity of available material. Furthermore, unlike some species of Cremolobus (Khanna and Rollins, 1965), the numbers of individuals in a given locality appear to be few and scattered. In some instances, only a single specimen of a given species has been found for study in all of the herbaria consulted. Under these circumstances, the bare essentials of the species are all that can be given and nothing can be said about their variation or distribution. The purpose of this paper is to present, as a first approximation, a taxonomic treatment of Mathewsia that will provide a sound basis for further research on the genus.
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  • 79
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.293 (1967) nr.1 p.305
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Eight species of the genus Sanguisorba L. were studied. Two distinct types could be recognized, viz., the Sanguisorba minor and the Sanguisorba officinalis type. Sanguisorba filiformis (Hooker fil.) Handell-Mazzetti appeared to be a transition between these two types.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 80
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.302 (1968) nr.1 p.309
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Studies in the Moraceae showed that Acanthinophyllum should be regarded as congeneric with Clarisia, and that Clarisia spruceana and Aliteria sagoti are conspecific with Clarisia ilicifolia. Some characters of the inflorescences and seeds and the position of Clarisia and its relationships with Trophis and Sorocea are discussed.
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  • 81
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.261 (1966) nr.1 p.308
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The pollenflora of the browncoal mined in the quarry “Maria Theresia”, Herzogenrath, Western Germany has been investigated. Samples were taken along a section of 12.50 meters at intervals of 50 centimeters. Identifications were made on the basis of form-genera and form-species; this working method gives a broad information on pollen types, but does not relate the fossil pollen types primarily to recent plant taxa. Pollen types which are considered to belong to Betulaceae/Myricaceae make up the biggest part of the pollen assemblages. The construction of a “Composite diagram” for Betulaceae/Myricaceae proved to be useful and might give a better idea on paleoecologic conditions. The stratigraphic position of the browncoal examined is thought to be Lower “Hauptflöz”, possibly Morken or Frimmersdorf Horizont.
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  • 82
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.215 (1965) nr.1 p.242
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: In Sweden Erlandsson (1942) showed that the species Parnassia palustris L. has two chromosome numbers, 2n = 18 and 2n = 36. Rozanova (1940) found the same numbers in plants collected in the U.S.S.R. Some morphological differences could be demonstrated in the Swedish material (Erlandsson, 1942). This was confirmed by Löve and Löve (1944) and, therefore, these authors (1950) distinguish 2 species: the diploid Parnassia palustris L. em. Löve and the tetraploid Parnassia obtusiflora Rupr. em. Löve, also separated by sterility barriers and by their geographical distribution. In the Netherlands a tetraploid population was found by Gadella and Kliphuis (1963). As the tetraploid population occurs in an area situated far south of the circumpolar distribution area of the tetraploid plants, it seemed worthwhile to determine the chromosome numbers of other plants of Parnassia palustris L. growing in the Netherlands.
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  • 83
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.225 (1966) nr.1 p.45
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) March. var. angustifolium Swart n. var. Folia 1- usque ad 5-juga; interjugum basale petiolo plerumque longius sed interjugis aliis brevius; petioluli breves; foliola oblongolanceolata 7.5-10 cm longa, 2-2.75 cm lata, apicem versus distincte angustata, apice gradatim in acumen lineare sexies usque ad nonies longius quam latius acuminato; nervi sec. utrinque usque ad 20. Holotypus: Lindeman 4504 (U, 078268B).
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  • 84
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.216 (1965) nr.1 p.199
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Les systèmes radiculaires des espèces des prés salés du Juncion maritimi ont été étudiés. Nous avons distingué six types morphologiques principaux d’enracinement. Les particularités des différents types et espèces ont été décrites et dessinées. La répartition des différents types d’enracinement dans le Junco-Triglochinetum et le Caricetum divisae a été interprétée écologiquement. Les racines de nombreuses espèces du Juncion maritimi sont pourvues de lacunes aérifères. C’est une adaptation au niveau élevé de la nappe phréatique. La résistance mécanique du sol a également une influence sur le système radiculaire. La concurrence des systèmes radiculaires a été discutée. On a essayé de différencier les groupements végétaux par leurs types d’enracinement. Je tiens à remercier M. J. Braun-Blanquet, directeur de la Station Internationale de Géobotanique Méditerranéenne et Alpine à Montpellier, de son aide et de l’intérêt stimulant qu’il a porté à mon travail, et M. J.-M. Betsch de son conseil. Les subventions de la Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (Montpellier fonds) et du Utrechts Universiteitsfonds m’ont facilité le séjour à la Station et rendu possible ces recherches.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 85
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.309 (1968) nr.1 p.495
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: In February and early March, 1961, the senior author spent three weeks on a small savanna in the approximate centre of Suriname, South of Tafelberg, (map 1). He was accompanied by Mr. W. H. A. Hekking. The time was spent in exploring the flora of the savanna and the adjacent forest. As a detailed study of the vegetation of the savannas of northern Suriname was then in progress, several extensive papers being in preparation (Heyligers, 1963; Van Donselaar, 1965; Van Donselaar-Ten Bokkel Huinink, 1966), it was felt that a more thorough inventory of the vegetation and the flora of the savanna might be rewarding. When a general impression of the plant-cover of the area had been obtained, eight representative sample-plots were selected, their vegetation was analyzed and described after the method of the French-Swiss school of phytosociology, and pits were dug in the soil down to bedrock, samples being taken in every distinctive-looking layer. This work was carried out jointly by the senior author and W. H. A. Hekking; part of the floristic exploration was also done by or with Dr. R. M. Tryon, Harvard Herbarium, Cambridge, Mass. The results are here presented. It was felt that in order to integrate them with those obtained elsewhere in Suriname, the collaboration of a specialist familiar with the Suriname savannas in general was required. This was the junior author’s task, who, after his prolonged work on the savannas of northern Suriname, later expanded his work to those of the southern part of the country. The preliminary results of the last-named study are in the press; more detailed field work is in progress as this paper goes to the press.
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  • 86
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.276 (1967) nr.1 p.145
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The pollen assemblages of a core in the coniferhardwood formation in northwestern Minnesota are compared with the floristics of the recent vegetation in the region. Percentage levels of the main tree components have been compared first with those from recent surface samples taken at the same short distance from various types of upland forests and second with the regional values of the pollen rain in this area (McAndrews 1966). To that end all the data were recalculated on the basis of special pollen sums. The regional diagram of Stevens Pond shows basically the same assemblage zones as established by McAndrews but without the late-glacial Picea-Populus assemblage zone. The pollen in the following Pinus-Pteridium assemblage zone has been interpreted as derived from a pine forest. During the midpostglacial expansion of the prairie eastwards the regional vegetation must have been a Quercus savanna, locally with prairie. Corylus reaches relatively high percentages in this zone. Among the prairie elements especially the occurrence of Lilium philadelphicum may be noted. In the next zone the pollen diagram shows a rise of the curves of mesic elements. In spite of this the comparison with recent surface samples indicates a xerophytic Quercus forest rather than a mesophytic deciduous forest. In the following Pinus assemblage zone pine was present along the margin of Stevens Pond and is therefore overrepresented in the diagram. In the uppermost zone the pollen curves show the effect of logging of the forest about 1900. Pollen of cultivated and introduced plants appear in this zone. Many local pollen types were found, on account of local overrepresentation. This made it possible to compare the local Stevens Pond sequence with the composition of recent lowland vegetation types. The pollen sequence was similar to a large extent to the recent pattern of lake filling, starting with a eutrophic vegetation of Typha latifolia and Salix in the prairie period and leading to a Larix forest and then to a mesotrophic Picea mariana forest, the present edaphic climax on peaty soils. There is a delay, however, in the introduction of acidophilous species, the Larix forest being without Sphagnum and Ericaceae. This is explained by assuming an influence of the vegetation of the surrounding slopes upon the local vegetation. About 1900 the bog forest was destroyed by logging operations and replaced by the present Typha latifolia mat.
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  • 87
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.266 (1967) nr.1 p.334
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Arbor 8 m alta, altitudine pectoris 20 cm diam.; ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia coriacea, glabra, plana, late elliptica vel late obovata, apice obtusa, rotundata vel subacuminata, basi attenuata et in petiolum decurrentia, 9-12 cm longa, 5-7½ cm lata, statu sicco supra viridia, leviter nitida, infra olivacea, opaca, marginibus subrevolutis, integris; costa et nervi primarii utraque facie prominentes, nervi primarii infimi tenues, inconspicui, spatio brevi margine paralleli, ii paris secundi costae paralleli et valde proximi supra basin folii, tum divergentes sub angulo 30°, plus minusve recti inter costam et marginem et 1-1½ cm a margine remoti, nervis primariis paris tertii coniuncta in parte tertia superiore laminae; nervi primarii tenuiores singuli vel plures primariis maioribus intercalati; venae secundariae leves, paucae, ad marginem et apicem laminae arcuatim coniunctae, rete supra occulto, infra minime claro; petiolus 1-2 cm longus, 2 mm crassus. Inflorescentiae axillares, 10-14 cm longae; rhachis glabra; flores geminati; pedicellus communis perbrevis, pedicellus communis cum individuali 4-4½ mm longus, glaber; bracteae minimae, triangulares mox deciduae; alabastra cylindrica, apice clavata, lutea, 8-9 mm longa; lobi perianthii glabri, crassi, apice leviter excavati, 8-9 mm longi, 1 mm lati, anthesi recurvati, pallide flavo virides; filamenta brevissima, lata, parte superiore loborum perianthii affixa; antherae 2.6 mm longae; ovarium brevissime et adpresse fusco-pilosum, 2 mm altum, sensim in stylum protractum; stylus apice leviter clavatus, stigmate terminali; glandulae disci quaternae liberae, crassae, subglobosae, 0.4 mm altae et latae. Fructus ignotus.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 88
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.291 (1967) nr.1 p.15
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Some of the basic concepts common to plant taxonomy, palaeobotany and palynology are discussed such as “taxon”, “taxonomic categories”, “genus and species concepts”, as well as “organ and form genera”. The development of the specifically palaeobotanical and palynological concepts of organ and form genera is briefly treated in the light of the shaping of palaeobotanical thought and methods since Adolphe Brongniart. The need for a single category of an artificial nature (i.e., form genus) is acknowledged; the need for a second category of such nature (i.e., organ genus) is questioned. The general guide lines for good palynological practice given by Faegri et al. (1950) are recommended for future use and are reprinted as an appendix to this paper.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 89
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.233 (1966) nr.1 p.117
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Three genera of the Proteaceae belonging to the tribe Grevilleeae occur in the Guianas and Brazil: Roupala, Panopsis, and Euplassa. The microscopical wood structure of one of these genera, Euplassa, has not been described before. Anatomically it proves to be nearly identical with Panopsis which it also resembles in general properties. Roupala differs in several respects. Within the genera differences are not fundamental and chiefly a matter of numbers and dimensions. A key to the genera is given. The relation of these three genera with the two other members of the tribe in South America, Orites and Gevuina, is discussed.
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  • 90
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.21 (1966) nr.1 p.1436
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: *Burkill, I.H.: Chapters on the history of botany in India, 1965, xi + 245 pp., 4 portr., 2 maps. Manager of Publications, Government of India Press, Delhi 8. Sh. 12/6, or $ 1.98. It was not necessary to mention that Burkill began compiling this book at the age of 81 to finish it at 93, for, although the last two chapters are miscellaneous in contents, it could as well have been written by a man thirty years younger. Everybody will regret that the book ends at the time Burkill’s own contributions to Indian botany began, notably about 1900. As for the period covered, and that is from the earliest beginnings, the book is a rich store of information. It was published in chanters in the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 4 and has now, after considerable revision by the author, been brought out by the Botanical Survey of India, preceded by an Introduction by Father H. Santapau, the Director, who therein put Burkill’s considerable merits for Indian botany on record.
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  • 91
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.24 (1969) nr.1 p.1801
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: Roxburgh, W., Plants of Coromandel, etc. Add (to Fl.Mal. I, 4, 1954, p. CLXXI): cf. D. Wood, Not. R.Bot.Gard.Edinb. 29 (1969) 211-212.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 92
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.21 (1966) nr.1 p.1426
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: The affinity of the Malesian genus Lophopyxis has a checkered history, a survey of which was given by L.B. Holthuis & H.J. Lam, in Blumea 5 (1942) 205-208, fig. 7. It has been referred to Flacourtiaceae, Icacinaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Olacaceae, and Saxifragaceae. Hitherto no attention was paid to the similarity with Gouania in the Rhamnaceae, which it resembles in toothed leaves, presence of stipules, panicled spike-like inflorescences, and the occurrence of tendrils in these.
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  • 93
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.24 (1969) nr.1 p.1780
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: Dr. B.O. van Zanten, Groningen, will soon finish the revision of Malesian species of Racopilum and Powellia (Racopilaceae). Mr. J.H. Hilbrands has in 1968/69 worked on the species of the genus Papillaria of Malesia and adjacent countries (at Groningen, under supervision of Dr. van Zanten).
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 94
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.21 (1966) nr.1 p.1432
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: Taxonomists working with material collected by the Sarawak Forest Department have often been hard put to decide how to quote numbers. Is the departmental series number preceeded by a letter S, or an F, or would it be best to quote only the collector and the number? I have tried to unravel the history of the Sarawak Forest Department herbarium number series in order to provide a guide to unequivocal citation. This has not been easy, as all collecting books previous to 1951 have disappeared, apparently during the second world war; many of the herbarium collections are now missing at Kuching and Kepong, where most were distributed, for the same reasons, though there seem also to have been large gaps in the series where numbers were never used. What has eventually been brought to light has been a masterpiece of confusion only vied with in complexity by its Sarawakian forbear, the remarkable numbering, or rather lettering, system of Haviland (explained in Kew Bull. 1907, 197— 198).
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  • 95
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.20 (1965) nr.1 p.1272
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: These small structures in nerve axils at the underside of leaves have given food to various theories and have been nonetheless in phytographic and taxonomic neglect almost from the beginning. That was in 1887, when the Swede A.N. Lundstroem published an extensive paper, in which he explained domatia as structures intended to accommodate mites – hence the word acarodomatia – which latter would in turn benefit the plant by cleansing the leaves from fungus spores. Lundstroem arrived at this hypothesis on the strength of ideas current in that time, about the existence of symbiotic relations between ants and plants; it was in the heydays of teleology. A closer investigation left little of the illusions about mutual benefit between ants and plants, but such critical interest was never focused on the supposed relation between mites and plants. Recently I could grow a few domatia-bearing species under acari-free conditions; the plants with their domatia did as well as in the open. Yet it is hard to prove that Lundstroem was wrong, but a combination of the experiment, the wellknown fact that domatia are inhabited by acari as often as not, and the origin of the hypothesis make if very unlikely that mites will creep into domatia for other reasons than a natural preference for shelter in small holes. All other (physiological) explanations are unconvincing, too, and so for the time being an explanation is lacking – provided that such an explanation would be necessary.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.22 (1967) nr.1 p.1665
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: Index to the Enumeration of the Orchidaceae of Sumatra, by J.J. Smith. At the Rijksherbarium there was a handwritten copy compiled by the late Dr. J.J. Smith of his important enumeration of Sumatran Orchids, published in Fedde, Repertorium 32 (1933) 130-386, which was obviously for reasons of economy not printed. The author left a note to the Librarian of the Rijksherbarium saying that it is indispensable for consulting this work, as many orchid names were here reduced to synonymy for the first time. This is now available for orchidologists and libraries in stencilled form in the same format as the Enumeration, with the Library of the Rijksherbarium, Schelpenkade 6, Leyden, Holland.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 97
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.20 (1965) nr.1 p.1239
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: Dr. P. S. Ashton of Kuching went on leave at the end of September 1965, to return mid-1966. In Europe he hopes to consult some Herbaria for type materials of Dipterocarpaceae. Mr. M. M. J. van Balgooy of the Rijksherbarium travelled in New Guinea, Australia, Lord Howe Island, and Java, from 30 March to 14 August 1965.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 98
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.22 (1967) nr.1 p.1534
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: Field work on the Ceylon Flora. Trimen’s ”Handbook” on the flora of Ceylon, published between 1893-1900, is one of the finest floras ever written of a tropical area. It is a five volume descriptive work that served very adequately for many years. It is now not only out-of-date, but completely unobtainable. The Smithsonian Institution, in cooperation with the University of Ceylon and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya, is initiating a project to bring up to date and republish the Trimen ”Handbook” by providing an opportunity for field work in Ceylon.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 99
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.24 (1969) nr.1 p.1773
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: In 1969 Indonesian botany suffered a severe loss by the untimely death of Dr. B. Prijanto, at the end of April. He was the head of the Forest Exploration Division, Forest Research Institute, Bogor. He belonged to that still very small, but admirable circle of young able Indonesian botanists built up in the early sixties, largely through the efforts of Dr. Kostermans. Dr. Prijanto studied palynology for one year at Stockholm, after which he proceeded to Edinburgh where he received a thorough training under Dr. Burtt, working largely on the systematics of Scrophulariaceae, in connection with problems in Gesneriaceae. He was a very nice and energetic man, full of plans for the future exploration of Indonesian forests. Our sympathy goes to his young wife, whom he had married only a few months before. He was a victim of an unfortunate car accident in SW. Celebes. The accident occurred when he was hunting for Eucalyptus with two Australian foresters, who both met an untimely death as well, one of them being Mr. E. Larsen, of Canberra. Another thing that lamed botanical activity at Bogor was the serious trouble which Dr. Kostermans ran into with the police by whom he was detained. We hope that he will soon be cleared and that this will be a mere incident which will not affect his energy nor his enthusiasm for Indonesian botany. Unfortunately, through this mishap, he was unable to lead the Seminars on botany in August, neither could he accompany the British Museum Botanical Expedition to Central Celebes led by Dr. Jermy. These tasks were taken over by Dr. Rifai. Dr. Kostermans was also unable to attend the opening of the partly finished new Herbarium building in October, towards the planning of which he had contributed so much.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 100
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    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.22 (1967) nr.1 p.1579
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: *Allen, B. Molesworth: Malayan Fruits. An introduction to the cultivated species (with Thai and Tamil names). 1967, 245 pp., 73 fig., 10 photo., 1 tab. 8°. Donald Moore Press Ltd. Singapore. M$ 7.50. A popular guide in a handy well illustrated and wellprinted cheap hook of the most common edible fruits. By the ”quick guide” on the table one can orient himself on the identity; also within the genera there is a key to the species or varieties. Each species is fully described and for the layman a glossary of botanic terms is added, for the housewife a list of recipes.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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