ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Rat  (286)
  • Evolution
  • Inversion
  • evolution
  • Springer  (539)
  • 3
  • Taylor & Francis
  • Wiley
  • 1985-1989  (539)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of brain tumours in rats using laser-induced fluorescence and haematoporphyrin derivative (1989)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 4 (1989), S. 241-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Brain tumour ; Rat ; Detection ; Fluorescence ; Laser ; Haematoporphyrin derivative
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Laser-induced fluorescence has been used for the identification of brain tumours in rats, which have been previously given tumour-seeking haematoporphyrin derivative. A pulsed nitrogen laser (λ=337 nm) was used in conjunction with an optical multichannel analyzer. For both inoculated RG-2 and TCVC rat-brain-tumour models, the blue autofluorescence was strongly reduced in the tumour compared with normal brain tissue, and at the same time the characteristic red-drug signal increased. The contrast between tumour and normal tissue was strongly enhanced by forming the ratio between the two signals. Implications for possible improvement of tumour delineation in brain tumour surgery are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02032454
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin and evolution of social life in the Stenogastrinae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 2 (1989), S. 649-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: sociality ; evolution ; Vespidae ; Stenogastrinae ; brood rearing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Stenogastrinae are a subfamily of the Vespidae. The main difference between these and other social wasps (Polistinae and Vespinae) is a jelly-like substance that the Stenogastrinae secrete from the Dufour 's gland and use in many functions of their biology. It is suggested that this substance greatly contributed to the evolution of social life in these wasps by making it possible to nourish the brood with liquid food and store it in the nest, thus favoring also the evolution of the behavioral mechanisms which facilitated interactions between adults. Social organization of the colonies may have been kept at a low level through a basic system of continuous temporary helper replacement, while the evolution of large colonies was restrained, as well as by the poor quality of construction material, low egg-laying capacity and limited production of abdominal substance, imperfect social regulatory mechanisms, and the absence of defensive mechanisms of the colonies against large predators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065784
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolutionary and ecological implications of cardenolide sequestration in the monarch butterfly (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 284-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Annual cycle ; Asclepias ; cardenolide ; Danaidae ; Danaus plexippus ; defense ; ecological chemistry ; evolution ; herbivory ; host plant ; life history ; migration ; milkweed ; monarch butterfly ; overwintering ; predation ; repellent allomone ; sequestration ; storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monarch butterflies sequester cardenolides from their larval host plants in the milkweed genusAsclepias for use in defense against predation. Of 108Asclepias species in North America, monarchs are known to feed as larvae on 27. Research on 11 of these has shown that monarchs sequester cardenolides most effectively, to an asymptote of approximately 350 μg/0.1 g dry butterfly, from plants with intermediate cardenolide contents rather than from those with very high or very low cardenolide contents. SinceAsclepias host plant species are distributed widely in space and time across the continent, monarchs exploit them by migration between breeding and overwintering areas. After overwintering in central Mexico, spring migrants east of the Rocky Mountains exploit three predominantAsclepias species in the southern USA that have moderately high cardenolide contents. Monarchs sequester cardenolides very effectively from these species. First generation butterflies are thus well protected against predators and continue the migration north. Across the northern USA and southern Canada most summer breeding occurs on a fourthAsclepias species and in autumn most of these monarchs migrate back to Mexican overwintering sites. The ecological implications of this cycle of cardenolide sequestration for the evolution of monarch migration are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951814
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone communication in the lepidoptera: New research progress (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 248-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; biosynthesis ; neurobiology ; sensory biology ; orientation behavior ; flight control ; anemotaxis ; genetics ; communication ; olfaction ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Significant progress has been made recently in research on lepidopterous sex pheromones. Advances in understanding the biochemical, neurobiological, and behavioral events that results in both successful and unsuccessful pheromone communication have allowed researchers to gain new insights into the genetic control and evolution of phermone systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951811
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolutionary relationship of psbA genes from cyanobacteria, cyanelles and plastids (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 335-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: psbA ; Cyanelle ; Cyanophora paradoxa ; Evolution ; Sequence analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The psbA gene is part of the reaction center of photosystem II in cyanobacteria and the plastids of higher plants. Its primary sequence is highly conserved among all species investigated so far and its sequence shows homologies with the L and M subunits of the reaction center of photosynthetic bacteria. We have analyzed the psbA homolog from a eukaryotic alga, Cyanophora paradoxa, where the gene is encoded on cyanelle DNA. These cyanelles are surrounded by a murein sacculus and resemble cyanobacteria in many other characteristics, although they are genuine organelles that functionally replace plastids. Analysis of the gene revealed a psbA protein identical in length (360 codons) with the cyanobacterial counterpart. The overall sequence identity is, however, more pronounced between cyanelle psbA and the shorter (353 amino acids) psbA product found in higher plants. These data strongly support the postulated bridge position of cyanelles between chloroplasts and free-living cyanobacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00419913
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and complete sequence of the yeast isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene (ILS1) (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase ; Isoleucine ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene (ILS1) from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned and sequenced. This gene was initially cloned because it cross-hybridizated to what is now presumed to be the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene (cupC) from the protozoan Tetrahymena hhermophila. The ILS1 gene was determined to be 1,072 amino acids in length. A comparison with a recently published sequence of ILS1 1 from another laboratory (Englisch et al. 1987) was made and differences noted. Two promoter elements were detected, one for general amino acid control and one for constitutive transcription. A heat shock protein (hsp70) gene (probably SSA3) was found 237 by upstream from the ILS1 translation start site. The ILS1 amino acid sequence was compared to isoleucyl-tRNA synthetases from other organisms, as well as to valyl-, leucyl- and methionyl-tRNA synthetases. Regions of conservation between these enzymes were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435455
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast ribosomal DNA organization in the chromophytic alga Olisthodiscus luteus (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; Chlorophyll a/c alga ; Evolution ; Ribosomal operon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary There are almost no data describing chloroplast genome organization in chromophytic (chlorophyll a/c) plants. In this study chloroplast ribosomal operon placement and gene organization has been determined for the golden-brown alga Olisthodiscus luteus. Ribosomal RNA genes are located on the chloroplast DNA inverted repeat structure. Nucleotide sequence analysis, demonstrated that in contrast to the larger spacer regions in land plants, the 16S–23S rDNA spacer of O. luteus is only 265 by in length. This spacer contains tRNAIle and tRNAAla genes which lack introns and are separated by only 3 bp. The sequences of the tRNA genes and 16S and 23S rDNA termini flanking the spacer were examined to determine homology between O. luteus, chlorophytic plant chloroplast DNA, and prokaryotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435509
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dispersed repetitive sequences in the chloroplast genome of Douglas-fir (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 16 (1989), S. 211-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; Repetitive DNA ; Inversion ; Recombination ; Transposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction mapping and DNA sequencing were used to characterize dispersed repetitive DNA in the chloroplast genome of Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco]. To map repeat families, chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) clones were hybridized at high stringency to one another and to cpDNA cut with restriction enzymes. Repeats are clustered in four regions of the genome and comprise at least six families. Sequence analysis of one repeat family shared among three XbaI fragments indicated the presence of a 633 by inverted repeat which contains a complete tRNA-Serine (GCU) gene and a highly conserved open reading frame (ORF 3.6). Both ends of this 633 bp dispersed repeat have a transposon-like combination of short direct and inverted repeats. One copy of the repeat flanks one of the endpoints of a major inversion which differentiates Douglas-fir from tobacco cpDNA. Dispersion of repetitive DNA by transposition, coupled with loss of the large inverted repeat, appears to have predisposed conifer cpDNA to a number of inversions. An 8 by (CATCTTTT) direct repeat in tobacco is located between two inverted sections in Douglas-fir; it may be a target sequence for homologous recombination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391479
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of theβ A- andβ B-globin gene clusters of sheep (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1989), S. 175-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Sheep ; Globin genes ; Evolution ; Gene duplication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Domestic sheep have two common alleles at the adult β-globin locus,β A andβ B. Here we report the structure of the β-globin locus of A-haplotype sheep. The locus consists of 12 genes, organized as a triplicated 4-gene set: 5′ ∈I-∈II-ΨβI-βC-∈III-∈IV-ΨβII-βA-∈V-∈VI-ΨβIII-βF 3′. This arrangement is identical to that of the closely related goat locus. Sheep with the B haplotype have a locus arrangement consisting of a duplicated four-gene set, lacking the βC gene as well as three other genes present in A sheep and goats. In order to understand the evolutionary history of the B sheep locus, we have sequenced the βB gene from these sheep, and the βB gene from A-haplotype sheep, and compared the sequences to those of the sheep βA, goat βC, and βA, and cow adult β genes. Our results indicate that the βB gene has diverged recently from the βA gene, and therefore the βB locus structure may have resulted from a recent deletion from a triplicated locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02102474
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An NTP-binding motif is the most conserved sequence in a highly diverged monophyletic group of proteins involved in positive strand RNA viral replication (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1989), S. 256-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Evolution ; Multiple sequence alignment ; NTP binding ; Phylogenetic analysis ; Positive-strand RNA viruses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary NTP-motif, a consensus sequence previously shown to be characteristic of numerous NTP-utilizing enzymes, was identified in nonstructural proteins of several groups of positive-strand RNA viruses. These groups include picorna-, alpha-, and coronaviruses infecting animals and como-, poty-, tobamo-, tricorna-, hordei-, and furoviruses of plants, totalling 21 viruses. It has been demonstrated that the viral NTP-motif-containing proteins constitute three distinct families, the sequences within each family being similar to each other at a statistically highly significant level. A lower, but still valid similarity has also been revealed between the families. An overall alignment has been generated, which includes several highly conserved sequence stretches. The two most prominent of the latter contain the socalled “A” and “B” sites of the NTP-motif, with four of the five invariant amino acid residues observed within these sequences. These observations, taken together with the results of comparative analysis of the positions occupied by respective proteins (domains) in viral multidomain proteins, suggest that all the NTP-motif-containing proteins of positive-strand RNA viruses are homologous, constituting a highly diverged monophyletic group. In this group the “A” and “B” sites of the NTP-motif are the most conserved sequences and, by inference, should play the principal role in the functioning of the proteins. A hypothesis is proposed that all these proteins posses NTP-binding capacity and possibly NTPase activity, performing some NTP-dependent function in viral RNA replication. The importance of phylogenetic analysis for the assessment of the significance of the occurrence of the NTP-motif (and of sequence motifs of this sort in general) in proteins is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02102483
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mu transposable elements are structurally diverse and distributed throughout the genusZea (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 29 (1989), S. 28-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Transposable elements ; Zea mays ; Evolution ; Inverted repeats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The Robertson's Mutator stock of maize exhibits a high mutation rate due to the transposition of theMu family of transposable elements. All characterizedMu elements contain similar ≈200-bp terminal inverted repeats, yet the internal sequences of the elements may be completely unrelated. Non-Mutator stocks of maize have a 20–100-fold lower mutation rate relative to Mutator stocks, yet they contain multiple sequences that hybridize to theMu terminal inverted repeats. Most of these sequences do not cohybridize to internal regions of previously clonedMu elements. We have cloned two such sequences from the maize line B37, a non-Mutator inbred line. These sequences, termedMu4 andMu5, have an organization characteristic of transposable elements and possess ≈200-bpMu terminal inverted repeats that flank internal DNA, which is unrelated to other clonedMu elements.Mu4 andMu5 are both flanked by 9-bp direct repeats as has been observed for otherMu elements. However, we have no direct evidence that they have recently transposed because they have not been found in known genes. Although the internal regions ofMu4 andMu5 are not related by sequence similarity, both elements share an unusual structural feature: the terminal inverted repeats extend more than 100 bp internally fromMu-similar termini. The distribution of these elements in maize lines and related species suggests thatMu elements are an ancient component of the maize genome. Moreover, the structure of theMu termini and the fact thatMu termini are found flanking different internal sequences leads us to speculate thatMu termini once may have been capable of transposing as independent entities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02106179
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probable reassortment of genomic elements among elongated RNA-containing plant viruses (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 29 (1989), S. 52-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genome organization ; Evolution ; Plant virus ; RNA recombination ; Sequence similarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The relationships of genome organization among elongated (rod-shaped and filamentous) plant viruses have been analyzed. Sequences in coding and noncoding regions of barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) RNAs 1, 2, and 3 were compared with those of the monopartite RNA genomes of potato virus X (PVX), white clover mosaic virus (WClMV), and tobacco mosaic virus, the bipartite genome of tobacco rattle virus (TRV), the quadripartite genome of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), and icosahedral tricornaviruses. These plant viruses belong to a supergroup having 5′-capped genomic RNAs. The results suggest that the genomic elements in each BSMV RNA are phylogenetically related to those of different plant RNA viruses. RNA 1 resembles the corresponding RNA 1 of tricornaviruses. The putative proteins encoded in BSMV RNA 2 are related to the products of BNYVV RNA 2, PVX RNA, and WClMV RNA. Amino acid sequence comparisons suggest that BSMV RNA 3 resembles TRV RNA 1. Also, it can be proposed that in the case of monopartite genomes, as a rule, every gene or block of genes retains phylogenetic relationships that are independent of adjacent genomic elements of the same RNA. Such differential evolution of individual elements of one and the same viral genome implies a prominent role for gene reassortment in the formation of viral genetic systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02106181
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra- and interspecies analyses of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family reveal independent evolution in primates and rodents (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 29 (1989), S. 126-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Carcinoembryonic antigen ; Evolution ; Gene family ; Human ; Rat ; Synonymous substitutions ; Silent molecular clock ; Evolutionary trees
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Various rodent and primate DNAs exhibit a stronger intra- than interspecies cross-hybridization with probes derived from the N-terminal domain exons of human and rat carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-like genes. Southern analyses also reveal that the human and rat CEA gene families are of similar complexity. We counted at least 10 different genes per human haploid genome. In the rat, approximately seven to nine different N-terminal domain exons that presumably represent different genes appear to be present. We were able to assign the corresponding genomic restriction endonuclease fragments to already isolated CEA gene family members of both human and rat. Highly similar subgroups, as found within the human CEA gene family, seem to be absent from the rat genome. Hybridization with an intron probe from the human nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) gene and analysis of DNA sequence data indicate the conservation of noncoding regions among CEA-like genes within primates, implicating that whole gene units may have been duplicated. With the help of a computer program and by calculating the rate of synonymous substitutions, evolutionary trees have been derived. From this, we propose that an independent parallel evolution, leading to different CEA gene families, must have taken place in, at least, the primate and rodent orders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02100111
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rates of molecular evolution and the fraction of nucleotide positions free to vary (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 29 (1989), S. 180-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Divergence ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Molecular evolution ; Constraints ; Two-parameter model ; Evolutionary distance ; Evolution ; Mutation ; Neutral space ; Variable positions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Selective constraints on DNA sequence change were incorporated into a model of DNA divergence by restricting substitutions to a subset of nucleotide positions. A simple model showed that both mutation rate and the fraction of nucleotide positions free to vary are strong determinants of DNA divergence over time. When divergence between two species approaches the fraction of positions free to vary, standard methods that correct for multiple mutations yield severe underestimates of the number of substitutions per site. A modified method appropriate for use with DNA sequence, restriction site, or thermal renaturation data is derived taking this fraction into account. The model also showed that the ratio of divergence in two gene classes (e.g., nuclear and mitochondrial) may vary widely over time even if the ratio of mutation rates remains constant. DNA sequence divergence data are used increasingly to detect differences in rates of molecular evolution. Often, variation in divergence rate is assumed to represent variation in mutation rate. The present model suggests that differing divergence rates among comparisons (either among gene classes or taxa) should be interpreted cautiously. Differences in the fraction of nucleotide positions free to vary can serve as an important alternative hypothesis to explain differences in DNA divergence rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02100116
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in salmonid mitochondrial DNA: Evolutioinary constraints and mechanisms of substitution (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 29 (1989), S. 233-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Salmonids ; Nucleotide sequence ; Transitions ; Transversions ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Sequence comparisons were made from 2214 bp of mitochondrial DNA cloned from six Pacific salmonid species. These sequences include the genes for ATPase subunit 6, cytochrome oxidase subunit 3, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L, tRNAGLY, and tRNAARG. Variation is found at 338 silent and 12 nonsilent positions of protein coding genes and 10 positions in the two tRNA sequences. A single 3-bp length difference was also detected. In all pairwise comparisons the sequence divergence observed in the fragment was higher than that previously predicted by restriction enzyme analysis of the entire molecule. The inferred evolutionary relationship of these species is consistent between methods. The distribution of silent variation shows a complex pattern with greatly reduced variation at the junctions of genes. The variation in the tRNA sequences is concentrated in the DHU loop. The close relationship of these species and extensive sequence analyzed allows for an analysis of the spectrum of substitutions that includes the frequencies of all 12 possible substitutions. The observed spectrum of substitutions is related to potential pathways of spontaneous substitution. The salmonid sequences show an extremely high ratio of silent to replacement substitutions. In addition the amino acid sequences of the four proteins coded in this fragment show a consistently high level of identity with theXenopus sequences. Taken together these data are consistent with a slower rate of amino acid substitution among the cold-blooded vertebrates when compared to mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02100207
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a locality in snake venomα-neurotoxins with a singificant compositional similarity to marine snailα-conotoxins: Implications for evolution and structure/activity (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 29 (1989), S. 355-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: α-Conotoxin ; α-Neurotoxin ; Erabutoxin b ; Evolution ; Venom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary α-neurotoxins from elapid snake venoms andα-conotoxins from marine snails bind specifically and with high affinity to nicotinic cholinoceptors. Although both types of toxin are polypeptides, there is more than a fourfold difference in size between the two and no clear sequence homology is evident. A systematic computer search of the three-dimensional structure of erabutoxin b (anα-neurotoxin from the false sea snakeLaticauda semifasciata) was performed to identify the locality that most closely matched the amino acid compositions of the smallerα-conotoxins (from the marine snailsConus magus andConus geographus). The area of greatest similarity centered on residue position 25 of erabutoxin b, a locale that is conserved throughout the snakeα-neurotoxins and their homologues. Six Proteins unrelated to erabutoxin b were compared to theα-conotoxins to show that the extent of the erabutoxin b/α-conotoxin match was too high to be coincidental. Homologues of erabutoxin b, namelyα-cobratoxin fromNaja naja siamensis and cytotoxin VII4 fromNaja mossambica mossambica, were also analyzed. The extent of the matching with theα-conotoxins decreased in the series erabutoxin b〉α-cobratoxin〉cytotoxin VII4, and this also relates the order of similarity to the pharmacological properties of theα-conotoxins. Theα-conotoxin-like area of the snakeα-neurotoxins is peripheral to the site previously considered important for binding to the cholinoceptor, even though it seems to represent the focus of evolutionary convergence between the two types of neurotoxin. The area of resemblance does, however, have strong associations with the conformational behavior of the snake toxins. Hence, the outcome of this study has important consequences for the current ideas on snakeα-neurotoxin structure/activity relationships and the evolutionary origins of neurotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02103622
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melatonin accelerates reentrainment of the circadian rhythm of its own production after an 8-h advance of the light-dark cycle (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 166 (1989), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Rat ; Melatonin ; Circadian rhythm ; 5-hydroxytryptophan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rhythm in melatonin production in the rat is driven by a circadian rhythm in the pineal N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity. Rats adapted to an artificial lighting regime of 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness per day were exposed to an 8-h advance of the light-dark regime accomplished by the shortening of one dark period; the effect of melatonin, triazolam and fluoxetine, together with 5-hydroxytryptophan, on the reentrainment of the NAT rhythm was studied. In control rats, the NAT rhythm was abolished during the first 3 cycles following the advance shift. It reappeared during the 4th cycle; however, the phase relationship between the evening rise in activity and the morning decline was still compressed. Melatonin accelerated the NAT rhythm reentrainment. In rats treated chronically with melatonin at the new dark onset, the rhythm had already reappeared during the 3rd cycle, in the middle of the advanced night, and during the 4th cycle, the phase relationship between the evening onset and the morning decline of the NAT activity was the same as before the advance shift. In rats treated chronically with melatonin at the old dark onset or in those treated with melatonin 8 h, 5 h and 2 h after the new dark onset during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd cycle, respectively, following the advance shift, the NAT rhythm reappeared during the 3rd cycle as well but in the last third of the advanced night only. Neither triazolam nor fluoxetine together with 5-hydroxytryptophan administered around the new dark onset facilitated NAT rhythm reentrainment after the 8-h advance of the light-dark cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190214
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of a physical map of the 45 kb photosynthetic gene cluster of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 151 (1989), S. 454-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Photosynthesis ; Photosynthetic bacteria ; Evolution ; Bacteriochlorophyll ; Reaction centres ; Light harvesting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1) A number of overlapping clones have been isolated from a Rhodobacter sphaeroides gene bank. Following conjugative gene transfer from Escherichia coli these clones restore a wild type phenotype to several mutants unable to synthesise bacteriochlorophyll. 2) The insert DNA was analysed by restriction mapping and together the clones form the basis of the first restriction map of the 45 kb photosynthetic gene cluster of Rb. sphaeroides. 3) This cluster is bounded on one side by puh A encoding the reaction centre H polypeptide and on the other by the puf operon encoding reaction centre L and M apoproteins and light harvesting LH1 and polypeptides. 4) DNA fragments from the 45 kb cluster were used to probe genomic DNA from other photosynthetic bacteria. Using heterologous hybridisation conditions, a significant degree of homology is shown between Rb. sphaeroides and these other bacteria, suggesting close evolutionary links with Rb. capsulatus in particular.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00416606
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermotoga thermarum sp. nov. and Thermotoga neapolitana occurring in African continental solfataric springs (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 151 (1989), S. 506-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Eubacteria ; Evolution ; Extreme thermophile ; Thermotoga
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three new strains of eubacterial hyperthermophiles were isolated from continental solfataric springs at Lac Abbé (Djibouti, Africa). Due to their morphology, lipids, and RNA polymerases they belong to the genus Thermotoga. Strains LA4 and LA10 are closely related to Thermotoga neapolitana found up to now only in the marine environment. Strain LA 3 differs from Thermotoga maritima and Thermotoga neapolitana in significant physiological and molecular properties. It is described as the new species Thermotoga thermarum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454866
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mouse carbonic anhydrase III: Nucleotide sequence and expression studies (1989)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 27 (1989), S. 17-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: λgt11 ; evolution ; hormonal regulation ; myoblasts ; isoelectric focusing ; DNA polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA for the mouse carbonic anhydrase, CAIII, has been isolated from a λgt11 expression library. The cloned cDNA contains all of the coding region (777 bp) and both 5′ untranslated (86-bp) and 3′ untranslated (217-bp) sequences. The coding sequence shows 87% homology at the nucleotide level and 91% homology, when amino acid residues are compared, with human CAIII. Protein and mRNA analyses show that CAIII is present at low levels in cultured myoblasts and is abundant in adult skeletal muscle and in liver. The marked sex-related differences in CAIII distribution, described for rat liver, are not seen in the mouse. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms usingTaqI andPstI are described which distinguish betweenMus spretus andMus musculus domesticus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563015
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyanoglycoside gynocardin fromAcraea horta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Acraeinae) (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 2177-2189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Acraea horta ; Lepidoptera ; Acraeinae ; cyclopentenyl cyanoglycoside ; gynocardin ; Kiggelaria africana ; sequestration ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract All stages in the life cycle ofAcraea horta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Acraeinae) were found to release hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from their crushed tissues, and the source of cyanogenesis was present in the hemolymph of adults and larvae. Comparison with standards on thin-layer chromatograms (TLC) revealed the presence in adults of gynocardin, a cyclopentenyl cyanoglycoside also produced by the larval food plant,Kiggelaria africana L. (Flacourtiaceae). Analysis of adults reared on plant species (Passifloraceae) containing gynocardin and/or other cyanoglycosides suggested selective uptake of gynocardin by the larvae. This is the first demonstration of a cyanoglycoside, other than the acyclic linamarin and lotaustralin, occurring in Lepidoptera and the first evidence for the storage byAcraea butterflies of a plant-produced allelochemical. Possible implications for the understanding of the evolution of acraeine host choice are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic influences on behavior of infantMus domesticus: A comparison of results from diallels derived from single and multiple populations (1989)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 19 (1989), S. 551-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mus domesticus ; housemice ; infant behavior ; diallel analysis ; genetic variance ; heritability ; genetic dominance ; fitness ; domestication ; heterosis ; heterozygote advantage ; selection ; evolution ; ecological niche
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A complete diallel cross was generated from six Jax inbred strains ofMus domesticus from diverse origins and a second 6×6 diallel generated from strains derived from a single wild population. During their second day of life, infants from both diallels were tested for latency to orient toward and root beneath mothers and, in a separate test, for latency to attach to mother's nipple. Rooting latency showed a significant additive maternal strain effect but little systematic effect of pup genotype. Nipple attachment latencies exhibited complete genetic dominance favoring rapid attachment, with no maternal effects. Patterns of genetic and environmental influences obtained from the two diallels were highly similar for both behaviors, suggesting that for many traits the requirement that strains be drawn from a common base population may be relaxed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066254
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary structure of hemoglobin α-chain ofColumba livia (gray wild pigeon) (1989)
    Springer
    The protein journal 8 (1989), S. 629-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Primary structure ; α-chain ; hemoglobin ; Columbiformes ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Primary structure of hemoglobin of α-chain ofColumba livia is presented. The separation of α-chain was obtained from globin by ion-exchange chromatography (CMC-52) and reversed-phase HPLC (RP-2 column). Amino acid sequence of intact as well as tryptic digested chain was determined on gas-phase sequencer. Structure is aligned homologously with 21 other species. Among different exchanges, positions α24 (Tyr→Leu), α26 (Ala→Gly), α32 (Met→Leu), α64 (Asp→Glu), α113 (Leu→Phe), and α129 (Leu→Val) are unique to pigeon hemoglobin. The various exchanges in α-chain are discussed with reference to evolution and phylogeny. The results show that the order Columbiformes is evolutionarily closer to the order Anseriformes. Since the pigeon is homogeneous, having HbA (αA-chain) and lacks αD-chain, its phylogenetic placement could be established among birds having single hemoglobin components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01025603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary structure of hemoglobin from gray partridge (Francolinus pondacerianus, Galliformes) (1989)
    Springer
    The protein journal 8 (1989), S. 647-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: hemoglobin ; primary structure ; gray partridge ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The complete amino acid sequence of the αA-chain of major hemoglobin component from gray partridgeFrancolinus pondacerianus is presented. The major component HbA accounts for 75% of the total hemolysate. Separation of the globin subunits was achieved by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Cellulose in 8 M urea. The sequence was studied by automatic Edman degradation of the native chain and its tryptic peptides in a gas-phase sequencer. The phylogenetic relationship of Galliformes with other avian orders is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01025604
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural relationship among the members of a multigene family coding for the sweet potato tuberous root storage protein (1989)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 13 (1989), S. 563-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: multigene family ; sweet potato ; Ipomoea batatas ; storage protein ; sporamin ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sporamin, the major soluble protein of the sweet potato tuberous root, is coded for by a multigene family. Fourty-nine essentially full-length sporamin cDNAs isolated from tuberous root cDNA library have been classified by cross hybridization, restriction endonuclease cleavage pattern and ribonuclease cleavage mapping. All the cDNAs fall into one of the two distinct homology groups, subfamilies A and B, which correspond to the polypeptide classes sporamin A and B, respectively. At least 5 different sequences are detected in both of the 22 sporamin A and 27 sporamin B cDNAs. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the coding region of three each of sporamin A and B subfamily members, four from cDNAs and two from genomic clones, indicates that intra-subfamily homologies (94 to 98%) are much higher than inter-subfamily homologies (82 to 84%), and there are deletions or insertions of one or two codons at three locations which characterize each subfamily. Large portions of base substitutions in the coding region accompany amino acid substitutions. In contrast to the coding region, most of the structural differences among the members in the 5′ and 3′ noncoding regions are deletions or insertions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027316
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme diversity in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 634-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Isoenzymes ; Evolution ; Domestication ; Biological structure ; Genetic distances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The survey of enzyme polymorphism in West African pearl millet cultivars reported by Tostain et al. 1987 has been extended to include populations from other regions of Africa and from India. The eight enzyme systems studied included: alcohol dehydrogenase, β-esterase, catalase, phosphoglucoisomerase, phosphoglucomutase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, and malate dehydrogenase. One-hundred-ninety-nine populations of millet were analyzed, including 74 populations studied earlier. No new enzyme diversity was observed. Intrapopulation diversity ranged from 70%–90% of the total diversity, depending on their regions of origin. Four principal groups were distinguished in the following decreasing order of diversity: early-maturing cultivars from West and East Africa, late — maturing cultivars from West and East Africa, cultivars from India, and cultivars from southern Africa. The early-maturing cultivars were distributed between two principal focal points from East Africa in the East to Mali in the West. In the center were found millets from Niger which were most diverse. Indian and southern African cultivars were distinct, with the former appearing relatively similar to those of Niger, and the latter somewhat similar to late-maturing cultivars from West Africa, a diverse group that included late-maturing cultivars from East Africa. Based on the results obtained, an evolutionary hypothesis proposed here includes: multiple domestications in the Sahel, creation of early-maturing cultivars and their migration eastwards to India plus a southwards migration to Sudanian zone, and creation of late-maturing cultivars and their migration simultaneously westwards, eastwards, and southwards to southern Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261235
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genomic organization of the ribosomal DNA of sorghum and its close relatives (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 844-850 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Evolution ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Grasses ; Maize ; Sugarcane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The structure and organization of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and several closely related grasses were determined by gel blot hybridization to cloned maize rDNA. Monocots of the genus Sorghum (sorghum, shattercane, Sudangrass, and Johnsongrass) and the genus Saccharum (sugarcane species) were observed to organize their rDNA as direct tandem repeats of several thousand rDNA monomer units. For the eight restriction enzymes and 14 cleavage sites examined, no variations were seen within all of the S. bicolor races and other Sorghum species investigated. Sorghum, maize, and sugarcane were observed to have very similar rDNA monomer sizes and restriction maps, befitting their close common ancestry. The restriction site variability seen between these three genera demonstrated that sorghum and sugarcane are more closely related to each other than either is to maize. Variation in rDNA monomer lengths were observed frequently within the Sorghum genus. These size variations were localized to the intergenic spacer region of the rDNA monomer. Unlike many maize inbreds, all inbred Sorghum diploids were found to contain only one rDNA monomer size in an individual plant. These results are discussed in light of the comparative timing, rates, and modes of evolutionary events in Sorghum and other grasses. Spacer size variation was found to provide a highly sensitive assay for the genetic contribution of different S. bicolor races and other Sorghum species to a Sorghum population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268337
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal location of gliadin coding genes in T. aestivum ssp. spelta and evidence on the lack of components controlled by Gli-2 loci in wheat aneuploids (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 177-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat aneuploids ; Null forms ; Storage proteins ; Gliadins ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Electrophoretical analyses of the gliadin fraction extracted from seeds of the intervarietal substitution lines of T. aestivum ssp. spelta in the T. aestivum ssp. vulgare cv ‘Chinese Spring’ for the homoeologous groups 1 and 6 and substitution lines of 6D chromosome of ‘Chinese Spring’ in the durum wheat cv ‘Langdon’ allowed the identification of seeds without gliadin proteins controlled by genes on chromosome 6A and 6B. A gliadin component of ‘Chinese Spring’, not previously assigned to any specific chromosome, is controlled by chromosome 6D in the 6D (6A) and 6D (6B) disomic substitution lines of ‘Langdon’. Additional genes controlling the synthesis of this component may be present on other chromosomes, very likely 6A and 6B, since the analysis of the ‘Chinese Spring’ compensating nullisomic-tetrasomics involving the 6D chromosome does not show the loss of this component or any apparent change in staining intensity. Chromosomal location data and two-dimensional gliadin maps reveal close homologies between the two hexaploid wheats, ‘Chinese Spring’ (T. aestivum ssp. vulgare) and T. aestivum ssp. spelta, belonging to different subspecies in the hexaploid group of genomic formula AABBDD. The comparison of gliadin electrophoretic patterns aiding in the identification of evolutionary pathways in wheat is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288796
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the existence of 2n gametes in Lotus tenuis Wald. et Kit. (2n=2x=12): their relevance in evolution and breeding of Lotus corniculatus L. (2n=4x=24) (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 400-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Lotus corniculatus ; Lotus tenuis ; 2n gametes ; Evolution ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Crosses between male sterile L. corniculatus (2n=4x=24) and L. tenuis (2n=2x=12) plants were performed in order to verify the presence of 2n gametes in L. tenuis. All but one of the plants from these crosses had 2n=4x=24 and the L. corniculatus phenotype; this plant had 2n=2x=12 and the L. tenuis phenotype. The plants also showed good quantity of pollen at tripping, good pollen fertility and good percentage of seed setting in the backcross to L. corniculatus. On the whole, both cytological and morphological observations, showing that all but one of the plants from L. corniculatus x L. tenuis were normal tetraploids, suggest the existence of diploandrous gametes in L. tenuis. On the other hand, haploid parthenogenesis probably gave origin to the dihaploid plant 2n=2x=12.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265303
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The characterization and comparative analysis of high-molecular-weight glutenin genes from genomes A and B of a hexaploid bread wheat (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 689-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum ; Homoeoalleles ; Evolution ; Dough ; Gene library
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two high-molecular-weight subunit (HMWS) glutenin genes from the A and B genomes of the hexaploid bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. cv Cheyenne have been isolated and sequenced. Both of these genes are of the high Mr class (x-type) of HMW glutenins, and have not been previously reported. The entire set of six HMW genes from cultivar Cheyenne have now been isolated and characterized. An analysis of the Ax and Bx sequences shows that the Ax sequence is similar to the homoeologous gene from the D genome, while the Bx repeat structure is significantly different. The repetitive region of these proteins can be modelled as a series of interspersed copies of repeat modifs of 6, 9, and 15 amino acid residues. The evolution of these genes includes single-base substitutions over the entire coding region, plus insertion/deletions of single or blocks of repeats in the central repetitive domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261246
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular origin and distribution of transforming growth factor-β1 in the normal rat myocardium (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 553-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β ; Myocardium ; mRNA ; Fibroblast ; Cardiomyocyte ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a biologically active polypeptide present in normal tissues as well as transformed cells. Two structurally related forms of this peptide are TGF-β 1 and TGF-β 2. Using freshly isolated cardiomyocytes and non-myocyte heart cells, and a [32P]-labelled cDNA probe to human TGF-β 1, we demonstrated that mRNA for TGF-β 1 could be detected only in the nonmyocyte fraction of heart cells. In the present study, the distribution of TGF-β 1 in the heart was determined by immunofluorescence staining by use of a polyclonal antibody to porcine TGF-β 1 in cryostat sections of rat heart. Immunofluorescence staining was intense around the blood vessels and radially diffuse in the surrounding myocardium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological changes in the junctional complex of cells in the arachnoid layer of the rat after cold injury (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Arachnoid cells ; Tight and gap junctions ; Cold injury ; Ultrastructure ; Freeze-fracture technique ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The junctional complexes of cells in the outer arachnoid layer overlying the cerebral cortex of 2-week-old rats were examined with freeze-fracture electron microscopy up to 60 min after transcranial cold injury to the dorsal surface of the brain. Within 30 min after injury, areas of gap and tight junctions with morphological features characteristic of junction formation and/or junction disruption were found scattered among normal junctional complexes in some arachnoid cells. Within 60 min after injury, tight junctions with features typical of less leaky zonulae occludentes were present in all arachnoid cells examined. These morphological features include increases in the number of tight junctional strands and the number of strand-to-strand anatomoses. Gap junctions were interspersed among the tight junctional strands, and many were completely encircled by the strands. The increase in the number and complexity of the tight junctional strands in response to brain injury may be the morphological basis for the maintenance of the cerebrospinal fluid-blood dural barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218887
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axonal tracing of autonomic nerve fibers to the superficial temporal artery in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 559-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Retrograde tracing ; Immunocytochemistry ; Vascular innervation ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The origin of nerve fibers to the superficial temporal artery of the rat was studied by retrograde tracing with the fluorescent dye True Blue (TB). Application of TB to the rat superficial temporal artery labeled perikarya in the superior cervical ganglion, the otic ganglion, the sphenopalatine ganglion, the jugular-nodose ganglionic complex, and the trigeminal ganglion. The labeled perikarya were located in ipsilateral ganglia; a few neuronal somata were, in addition, seen in contralateral ganglia. Judging from the number of labeled nerve cell bodies the majority of fibers contributing to the perivascular innervation originate from the superior cervical, sphenopalatine and trigeminal ganglia. A moderate labeling was seen in the otic ganglion, whereas only few perikarya were labeled in the jugular-nodose ganglionic complex. Furthermore, TB-labeled perikarya were examined for the presence of neuropeptides. In the superior cervical ganglion, all TB-labeled nerve cell bodies contained neuropeptide Y. In the sphenopalatine and otic ganglia, the majority of the labeled perikarya were endowed with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. In the trigeminal ganglion, the majority of the TB-labeled nerve cell bodies displayed calcitonin gene-related peptide, while a small population of the TB-labeled neuronal elements contained, in addition, substance P. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the majority of peptide-containing nerve fibers to the superficial temporal artery originate in ipsilateral cranial ganglia; a few fibers, however, may originate in contralateral ganglia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225604
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of MAP 2 in dendritic spines and its colocalization with actin (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 447-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: MAP2 ; Actin ; Dendritic spines ; Spine apparatus ; Spine synapses ; Postsynaptic density ; Synaptic plasticity ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of MAP2 and actin in dendritic spines of the visual and cerebellar cortices, dentate fascia, and hippocampus was determined by using immunogold electron microscopy. By this approach, we have confirmed the presence of MAP2 in dendritic spines and identified substructures within the spine compartment showing MAP2 immunoreactivity. MAP2 immunolabeling was mainly associated with filaments which reacted with a monoclonal anti-actin antibody. Also, by immunogold double-labeling we colocalized MAP2 with actin on the endomembranes of the spine apparatus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and in the postsynaptic density. Labeling was nearly absent in axons and axonal terminals. These results indicate that MAP2 is an actin-associated protein in dendritic spines. Thus, MAP2 may organize actin filaments in the spine and endow the actin network of the spine with dynamic properties that are necessary for synaptic plasticity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225592
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific adhesion between pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and adrenal medullary endothelial cells in co-culture (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 365-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adrenal medullary endothelial cells ; Pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells ; Co-culture ; Cell surface extracts ; Adhesion ; Cell-cell interactions ; Bovine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla are found in close proximity to capillary endothelial cells, thereby forming the classical endocrine complex. To examine the possible chemical basis of their interaction in more detail, we have grown bovine adrenal medullary endothelial (BAME) cells in monolayer cultures and added to them pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, a chromaffin tumor cell line of rats. The PC12 cells were chosen because of the similarities they share with adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. PC12 cells rapidly attached to BAME cells cultures, their rate of adhesion being significantly enhanced over binding of PC12 cells to either uncoated plates or to monolayers of unrelated cell cultures. Consistent with this observation, we noted that the extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from the BAME cells did not enhance PC12 cell adhesion and did not promote neurite sprouting as previously described for ECM derived from corneal endothelial cells. The specific adhesion between PC12 and BAME cells could be abolished by cell surface extracts derived from these two cells but not by extracts derived from unrelated cell types. This activity was heat-labile, sensitive to trypsin and, to a lesser extent, to neuraminidase. We therefore conclude that PC12 cells may interact with BAME cells by specific proteinaceous adhesive factors associated with their plasma membranes. These interactions might represent the formative role of cell-cell contacts in the organization of the developing adrenal gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218894
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional observation of the fibroblast-like cells associated with the rat myenteric plexus, with special reference to the interstitial cells of Cajal (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 255 (1989), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: SEM ; TEM ; Interstitial cell ; Myenteric plexus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An extensive cellular network becomes visible over the myenteric plexus of the rat after removal of the overlying tissues under the scanning electron microscope. The cells are mainly stellate and have many slender processes via which they interconnect. They form a three-dimensional network and are closely associated with the ganglia and nerve bundles, and also extend over the smooth muscle cells. They are considered to correspond to the interstitial cells of Cajal because of their peculiar arrangement and their topography. Transmission electron-microscopic evidence demonstrates that the majority of those cells have features of fibroblasts. Gap junctions and intermediate junctions are observed between these fibroblast-like cells, and also between them and smooth muscle cells. Examination of serial thin sections reveals that single fibroblast-like interstitial cells connect to both circular and longitudinal muscle cells via gap junctions. It is suggested that the network of interstitial cells conducts electrical signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224117
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between gastrin cells and bombesin-like immunoreactive nerve fibres in the gastric antral mucosa of guinea-pig, rat, dog and man (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 257 (1989), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gastrin ; Gastrin-releasing peptide ; Bombesin ; Stomach ; Autonomic innervation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Guinea pig ; Rat ; Dog ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationship between bombesin-like immunoreactive (bombesin-LI) nerve fibres and gastrin-LI G-cells was examined in gastric antral mucosa from guineapig, rat, dog and man using a double-labelling fluorescence immunohistochemical technique. The greatest density of bombesin-LI nerve fibres was found within the basal mucosa in all species and the density of innervation decreased towards the luminal surface. Most G-cells were in a band occupying approximately the middle third of the mucosa. The proportion of G-cells found within a distance of 2 μm from bombesin-LI nerve fibres was low in all species (6% in the guinea-pig, 22% in the rat, 14% in the dog, and 9% in the human). It is proposed that the neuropeptide released from bombesin-LI antral mucosal nerve fibres traverses distances of greater than several μm to reach the target G-cells. This may be achieved by passage through the mucosal microcirculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221648
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemistry of vacuoles occurring in rat hepatocytes after retinol administration (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 257 (1989), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Retinol ; Vacuoles ; Immunohistochemistry ; Plasma proteins ; Hepatocytes ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The vacuoles occurring in rat hepatocytes after intraportal injection of retinol (33 or 67 μg) were examined immunohistochemically using respective antibodies against rat albumin, human retinol-binding protein, human ceruloplasmin, human α 1-antitrypsin, human transferrin, and human prealbumin as representative plasma proteins. The occurrence of the vacuoles reached a numerical maximum 30 min after injection of 67 μg retinol, followed by a temporal decrease. Hepatocytes from control rats, which had been intraportally injected with either blood plasma diluted to 2/3 concentration or with retinol palmitate solvent (castor oil) dissolved in blood plasma, showed immunoreactive fine granules without the occurrence of vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Identical vacuoles in serial sections appeared immunohistochemically either immunoreactive or non-immunoreactive for all the antibodies used, with rare exceptions. The occurrence of several rare exceptions suggested that 2 kinds of vacuoles might be formed in different cytoplasmic compartments. A zonal distribution of vacuoles was apparent in the hepatic laminae (or acini) within the liver lobules. The vacuoles were predominantly distributed in zone 2, and to a lesser extent in zone 3 and zone 1 in that order.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261829
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paleobotanical studies inFagaceae of the European Tertiary (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 162 (1989), S. 213-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Fagaceae ; Cuticles ; Recent ; Tertiary ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A systematic reassessment of megafossil records ofFagaceae in Central Europe has been undertaken on the basis of leaf cuticular characters. The oldest representatives date back to the Eocene:Quercus subhercynica spec. nova,Dryophyllum furcinerve (Rossm.)Schmalh.,Trigonobalanopsis rhamnoides (Rossm.) gen. & comb. nov. In the Oligocene other members of extant genera appear:Quercus rhenana (Weyl. & Kilpp.)Knobloch & Kvaček,Fagus attenuata Goepp.,Lithocarpus saxonicus spec. nova. In the Neogene these ancient taxa (except inFagus lineage), are gradually replaced by deciduous species ofQuercus andCastanea. Trigonobalanus andCastanopsis are recorded by fruits (or wood) only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936918
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early history of theJuglandaceae (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 162 (1989), S. 231-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Juglandaceae ; Paleobotany ; pollen ; fruits ; evolution ; Cretaceous ; Tertiary
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The major radiation of theJuglandaceae occurred during the early Tertiary as recorded by the proliferation of juglandaceous pollen and the appearance of fruits representing extinct and extant genera of the family. Juglandaceous pollen types of the Paleocene were predominantly triporate and exhibited a greater diversity in patterns of exinous thinning than occurs in the family today. Analyses of in situ pollen from early Tertiary juglandaceous inflorescences confirms the taxonomic value of certain patterns of exinous thinning. Data from co-occurring fruits and pollen indicate that relatively unspecialized, isopolar triporate pollen of the type presently confined to the tribeEngelhardieae also occurred in other tribes of the family during the Paleocene. Pollination has been mostly anemophilous throughout the Tertiary. Both wind and animal fruit-dispersal syndromes were established early in the radiation of the family but a greater diversity of wind-dispersed genera has prevailed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936919
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genusBuxus (Buxaceae): Aspects of its differentiation in space and time (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 162 (1989), S. 267-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Buxaceae ; Buxus ; Pollen morphology ; leaf venation ; fossil records ; systematics ; evolution ; chorogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Trends of pollen grain aperture evolution and exine characters as well as characters of leaf venation, petiole and axial vascularization are briefly described and related to geographical distribution and classification ofBuxus. A review of fossil records is given. Three major taxonomic groups can be delimitated within the genus, and aspects of their relationships and chorogenesis are presented. The level of differentiation, the pattern of distribution and the fossil record speak in favour of an ancient origin of the genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936921
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene sequence for the 9 kDa component of Photosystem II from the cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum indicates similarities between cyanobacterial and other leader sequences (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 216 (1989), S. 334-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Evolution ; Thylakoid ; Leader sequence ; Photosystem II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A 9 kDa polypeptide which is loosely attached to the inner surface of the thylakoid membrane and is important for the oxygen-evolving activity of Photosystem II in the thermophilic cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum has been purified, a partial amino acid sequence obtained and its gene cloned and sequenced. The derived amino acid sequence indicates that the 9 kDa polypeptide is initially synthesised with an N-terminal leader sequence of 44 amino acids to direct it across the thylakoid membrane. The leader sequence consists of a positively charged N-terminal region, a long hydrophobic region and a typical cleavage site. These features have analogous counterparts in the “thylakoid-transfer domain” of lumenal polypeptides from chloroplasts of higher plants. These findings support the view of the proposed function of this domain in the two-stage processing model for import of lumenal, nuclear-encoded polypeptides. In addition, there is striking primary sequence homology between the leader sequences of the 9 kDa polypeptide and those of alkaline phosphatase (from the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli) and, particularly in the region of the cleavage site, the 16 kDa polypeptide of the oxygen-evolving apparatus in the thylakoid lumen of spinach chloroplasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334373
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutagenic DNA repair genes on plasmids from the ‘pre-antibiotic era’ (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 218 (1989), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Mutagenic DNA repair ; Evolution ; Murray collection ; impCAB
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Resistance transfer factors are natural conjugative plasmids encoding antibiotic resistance. Some also encode mutagenic DNA repair genes giving resistance to DNA damage and induced mutagenesis. It has been shown that antibiotic resistance has been acquired by recent transposition events; however, we show here that mutagenic repair genes existed much earlier on these types of plasmids. Conjugative plasmids from eight incompatibility groups from the Murray collection of ‘pre-antibiotic era’ enterobacteria were tested for complementation of mutagenic repair-deficient Escherichia coli umuC36. Although none of these plasmids carry transposon-encoded drug resistance genes, IncI1 and IncB plasmids were identified which restored ultraviolet resistance and induced mutability to umuC36 mutants. Furthermore they increased the UV resistance and induced mutability of wild-type E. coli, Klebsiella aerogenes and Citrobacter intermedius, thus showing that they could confer a general selective advantage to a variety of hosts. Like know mutagenic repair genes, complementation by these plasmid genes required the SOS response of the host cell. Nucleotide hybridisation showed that these plasmids harboured sequences similar to the impCAB locus, the mutagenic repair operon of modern-day IncI1 plasmids. The evolution of mutagenic repair genes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331285
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meiotic analyses ofCucumis hybrids and an evolutionary evaluation of the genusCucumis (Cucurbitaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 133-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Cucurbitaceae ; Cucumis ; C. sativus ; C. melo ; C. metuliferus ; C. anguria ; C. zeyheri ; C. myriocarpus subsp.leptodermis ; comb. nov. ; Crossing experiments ; meiosis of hybrids ; polyploidy ; isozymes ; DNA analysis ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Meiosis in seven interspecificCucumis hybrids has been analysed i.a. inC. metuliferus ×C. zeyheri, where the parents belong to different sections. In the triploid hybrids a remarkably high number of trivalents has been found. Additional data from literature on geographical distribution, cucurbitacins, flavonoid patterns, isozymes, C-banding, genome size, DNA amount and chloroplast DNA are used to discuss species relationships and evolution. The African cross-compatible group is divided into theMyriocarpus subgroup with the diploid speciesC. africanus, C. myriocarpus subsp.leptodermis and subsp.myriocarpus, and theAnguria subgroup withC. anguria, C. dipsaceus, C. ficifolius, C. prophetarum, C. zeyheri and all polyploids (exceptC. heptadactylus). It is argued that the Asian subg.Melo with x = 7 is derived from the African subg.Cucumis with x = 12; the latter contains all the polyploid species and has the most common basic chromosome number of theCucurbitaceae. This phylogenetic advance is interpreted with concepts of the quantum model of evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936509
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The non-existence of a principle of natural selection (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 4 (1989), S. 255-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Natural Selection ; Evolution ; Principle ; Probability ; Propensity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract The theory of natural selection is a rich systematization of biological knowledge without a first principle. When formulations of a proposed principle of natural selection are examined carefully, each is seen to be exhaustively analyzable into a proposition about sources of fitness and a proposition about consequences of fitness. But whenever the fitness of an organic variety is well defined in a given biological situation, its sources are local contingencies together with the background of laws from disciplines other than the theory of natural selection; and the consequences of fitness for the long range fate of organic varieties are essentially applications of probability theory. Hence there is no role and no need for a principle of the theory of natural selection, and any generalities that may hold in that theory are derivative rather than fundamental.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426626
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does evolutionary biology contribute to ethics? (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 4 (1989), S. 287-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Evolution ; Incest Taboo ; Ethics ; Behavioral Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Human propensities that are the products of Darwinian evolution may combine to generate a form of social behavior that is not itself a direct result of such pressure. This possibility may provide a satisfying explanation for the origin of socially transmitted rules such as the incest taboo. Similarly, the regulatory processes of development that generated adaptations to the environment in the circumstances in which they evolved can produce surprising and sometimes maladaptive consequences for the individual in modern conditions. These combinatorial aspects of social and developmental dynamics leave a subtle but not wholly uninteresting role for evolutionary biology in explaining the origins of human morality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426629
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Philosophy of biology under attack: Stent vs. Rosenberg (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 4 (1989), S. 345-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Philosophy of biology ; teleology ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426632
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dutch objections to evolutionary ethics (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 4 (1989), S. 331-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Altruism ; C. Darwin ; evolution ; evolutionary ethics ; naturalistic fallacy ; Sociobiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426631
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entropy and information in evolving biological systems (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 4 (1989), S. 407-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: evolution ; entropy ; information ; hierarchy ; ecology ; phylogeny ; natural selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Integrating concepts of maintenance and of origins is essential to explaining biological diversity. The unified theory of evolution attempts to find a common theme linking production rules inherent in biological systems, explaining the origin of biological order as a manifestation of the flow of energy and the flow of information on various spatial and temporal scales, with the recognition that natural selection is an evolutionarily relevant process. Biological systems persist in space and time by transfor ming energy from one state to another in a manner that generates structures which allows the system to continue to persist. Two classes of energetic transformations allow this; heat-generating transformations, resulting in a net loss of energy from the system, and conservative transformations, changing unusable energy into states that can be stored and used subsequently. All conservative transformations in biological systems are coupled with heat-generating transformations; hence, inherent biological production, or genealogical proesses, is positively entropic. There is a self-organizing phenomenology common to genealogical phenomena, which imparts an arrow of time to biological systems. Natural selection, which by itself is time-reversible, contributes to the organization of the self-organized genealogical trajectories. The interplay of genealogical (diversity-promoting) and selective (diversity-limiting) processes produces biological order to which the primary contribution is genealogical history. Dynamic changes occuring on times scales shorter than speciation rates are microevolutionary; those occuring on time scales longer than speciation rates are macroevolutionary. Macroevolutionary processes are neither redicible to, nor autonomous from, microevolutionary processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00162588
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How evolutionary biology challenges the classical theory of rational choice (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 4 (1989), S. 457-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Evolution ; evolutionary biology ; fitness ; decision theory ; theory of choice ; rationality ; rational behavior ; reductionism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract A fundamental philosophical question that arises in connection with evolutionary theory is whether the fittest patterns of behavior are always the most rational. Are fitness and rationality fully compatible? When behavioral rationality is characterized formally as in classical decision theory, the question becomes mathematically meaningful and can be explored systematically by investigating whether the optimally fit behavior predicted by evolutionary process models is decision-theoretically coherent. Upon investigation, it appears that in nontrivial evolutionary models the expected behavior is not always in accord with the norms of the standard theory of decision as ordinarily applied. Many classically irrational acts, e.g. betting on the occurrence of one event in the knowledge that the probabilities favor another, can under certain circumstances constitute adaptive behavior. One interesting interpretation of this clash is that the criterion of rationality offered by classical decision theory is simply incorrect (or at least incomplete) as it stands, and that evolutionary theory should be called upon to provide a more generally applicable theory of rationality. Such a program, should it prove feasible, would amount to the logical reduction of the theory of rational choice to evolutionary theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00162590
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental influences on the preferences of wild female house mice for males of differing t-complex genotypes (1989)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 19 (1989), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: t complex ; H-2 complex ; mouse genetics ; wild mice ; mating preference ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-five percent of wild house mice are heterozygous (+/t) for a deleterious, recessive mutation at the t complex. In previous studies we have demonstrated that wild female house mice can discriminate +/+ from +/t males and show strong preferences for the odors of males who do not carry t mutations. In the present study we examine the extent to which preferences of +/+ female mice are influenced by the genotype of their parents and or littermates. Our data indicate that when +/+ females are reared by two +/+ parents, they exhibit strong preferences for the odors of +/+ males. In contrast, when a +/+ female is reared by one +/+ and one +/t parent she shows no preference for males of either genotype. A second experiment using mice carrying recombinant chromosomes indicates that the genes responsible for the parental (or family) odor cue are not the deleterious t mutations per se but rather other genes linked to these mutations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065909
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host range in phytophagous insects: the potential role of generalist predators (1989)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 3 (1989), S. 299-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Keywords: Host range ; evolution ; herbivores ; predation ; selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The potential role of generalist natural enemies is presented as one of the important ecological pressures that select for narrow host range in phytophagous insects, and dominant relative to physiological bases for specialization. Experiments are described in three completely different systems indicating that generalist herbivores are more vulnerable to predation than specialist herbivores. The three predators were (a) the vespid waspMischocyttarus flavitarsus, (b) the Argentine antIridomyrmex humilis and (c) the coccinellid beetleHippodamia convergens. It is concluded the predators may provide strong selection pressure for maintenance and perhaps evolution of narrow host range in insect herbivores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285261
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemoglobin polymorphism in macaques with reference to the evolution ofMacaca fascicularis andMacaca mulatta (1989)
    Springer
    Primates 30 (1989), S. 95-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: Macaques ; Hemoglobin ; Duplication hypothesis ; Evolution ; Isoelectric focusing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Blood samples were collected fromMacaca fascicularis andMacaca mulatta living in indoor breeding groups and investigated electrophoretically. Hemoglobin polymorphism was observed in both species. Isoelectric focusing was performed on urea denaturated samples to test the hypothesis of a site duplication at theα-chain locus inM. fascicularis (Barnicot et al., 1970). The results of our investigations do not support the above mentioned hypothesis. Only one locus coding theα-chain was detected, and this is under the control of two alleles. Evolutionary events at the molecular level are discussed, as well asWheatley's hypothesis (1980) that malaria was an important force behind divergence in both species. InM. fascicularis hemoglobin variants might be similarily connected with malaria resistance as in man. We suggest that this was not an important process behind speciation in macaques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381215
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory and practice of botanical classification: Cladistics, phenetics and classical approaches—critical summary: Botanical systematics in 1987 (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 166 (1989), S. 197-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Botanical classification ; phylogenetic models ; phenetics ; cladistics ; systematics ; evolution ; computer packages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aristotelian principles still dominate botanical classification. Biological classification has undergone a major transformation during the period fromAdanson (1763) toDarwin (1859), from essentialism and the practice of downward classification, to empiricism and upward classification. The polythetic class was conceptualized during the 1950s. Interest in the species problem generated data from many different disciplines, the most recent being DNA systematics. These many disciplines have contributed to our understanding of evolutionary processes and to improved classifications. Many different phylogenetic models were developed and for different kinds of data. These models formed the basis of many algorithms to infer phylogenetic trees, some widely available in computer packages. This became possible with rapid growth of computer technology. These developments in turn catalyzed the formulation of divergent philosophical principles and approaches to classification. For instance, should methodological principles be divorced from knowledge about evolutionary processes? These approaches are discussed along with problems of reticulate evolution, intra-OTU-variation, homology, and other issues in the light of existing methodologies and their impact on classification. The next important direction in addition to development of new classificatory algorithms is the synthesis of various elements of different methodologies presently used in isolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935949
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significant differences between the chloroplast genomes of two Acetabularia mediterranea strains (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 219 (1989), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Sequence rearrangement ; Gene localization ; Restriction analysis ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The chloroplast DNAs of Acetabularia mediterranea strains 5 and 17 differ significantly in their restriction patterns. Southern blotting analysis using gene probes derived from the coding regions of spinach genes showed that psbB and petB each map to unique restriction fragments which are shared in strains 5 and 17. On the other hand psaA, psbA and rbcL map to different restriction fragments in strains 5 and 17 probably as a result of restriction fragment length polymorphism. In addition to restriction fragment polymorphism there is evidence for much larger differences in the organization of the plastome. The most striking difference is the absence in strain 5 of a 10 kb repeated sequence which has previously been demonstrated in strain 17. However, both strains apparently share at least 8 kb of the 10 kb repeated sequence. Restriction analysis of independent clones of the 10 kb sequence revealed a family of non-identical repeats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261177
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gymnodinium aeruginosum (Dinophyta): A blue-green dinoflagellate with a vestigial, anucleate, cryptophycean endosymbiont (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 164 (1989), S. 75-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Algae ; Dinophyta ; Gymnodinium aeruginosum ; Anucleate cryptophycean endosymbiont ; evolution ; ribosomes in an anucleate compartment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gymnodinium aeruginosum has the usual fine structure of a dinoflagellate but does not seem to contain a well elaborated peduncle or a microtubular basket. Naked cells are surrounded by a single large amphiesmal vesicle. It houses an endosymbiont with typical blue-green cryptophycean chloroplasts (generally only one), cryptophycean starch grains in the periplastidal cytoplasm without a nucleomorph, and two membranes separating the periplastidal cytoplasm from the cryptophycean cytoplasm which contains mitochondria, ER, vesicles and ribosomes, but no eukaryotic nucleus. The endosymbiont is surrounded by a single membrane. Possible ways of the acquisition of the endosymbiont and the problem of the existence of ribosomes within a compartment without nucleus are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940431
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraspecific hybridization and its bearing on chromosome evolution inVicia narbonensis (Fabaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 167 (1989), S. 201-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Fabaceae ; Vicia narbonensis ; Intraspecific crosses ; interchange homozygote ; karyotype ; meiotic pairing ; chromosome differentiation ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nine accessions ofVicia narbonensis, considered to be the wild progenitor of faba bean (Vicia faba), were investigated to ascertain the nature and extent of intraspecific karyotypic polymorphism. The chromosome complements resolved into four distinct types (A, B, C, D), and the meiotic data of F1 hybrids (A × B, B × C, A × C) revealed that alteration in chromosome morphology is the result of segmental interchanges. The interchange complexes indicate that the parents differ from each other by 1 to 2 interchanges. It is also evident that karyotype B, and not A as previously reported, is the normal karyotype of the species, and A and C are single homozygotes for unequal interchange. The comparative karyomorphology of the parents and the hybrids, and of two interchange heterozygotes of four chromosomes each in F1 hybrids of A × C shows that the chromosomes involved in the single interchange homozygotes (A, C) are not common and the breaks in both interchanges occurred in short and long arms of the involved chromosomes. Identification of the interchanged chromosomes in the complements and the frequency of ring and chain quadrivalents in the heterozygotes enabled location of the breakpoints. The present results provide probably the first example indicating that interchange homozygosity (A) is not only firmly established but also has enabled the species to spread further by adapting to a wide range of habitats. — The genetic relationships between A and D are very different. All seven chromosome pairs in D could be distinguished from A, and for that matter, B and C as well. From the meiotic pairing properties it is also amply clear that genome D is well differentiated from A and possibly B, and C, and deserves special status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936407
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution of self-fertility inCrepis tectorum (Asteraceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 168 (1989), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Crepis tectorum ; Alvar habitats ; autogamy ; floral display ; evolution ; genetic differentiation ; weediness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The extent of self-fertility was examined in 16 populations ofCrepis tectorum. A hypothesis that a weedy habit favours autogamy was only partly supported. Low levels of self-fertility characterized non-weedy populations from calcareous grasslands (“alvars”) on the Baltic island in Öland. By contrast, plants in nearly all weed populations studied were more or less self-fertile. However, the trend towards autogamy may have occurred independently of the trend towards a weedy habit, as shown by moderately to high levels of self-fertility in alvar populations from two other Baltic islands. In the weed group, there was a tendency for plants from two field populations to be more autogamous than plants from more “ruderal” habitats. There was an association between self-fertility and small, inconspicious heads in the alvar group but the association was weaker when weed populations were also considered. The relatively wide heads characterizing the ruderal weed populations may, at least partly, be an indirect effect of increases in overall plant size and/or in the size of the fruit associated with each flower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of sequences from the malB regions of Salmonella typhimurium and Enterobacter aerogenes with Escherichia coli K12: A potential new regulatory site in the interoperonic region (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 218 (1989), S. 199-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Maltose transport ; malB region ; Positive regulation ; Palindromic units ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The malE and malK genes from Salmonella typhimurium, and the MalEFG operon and a portion of malK from Enterobacter aerogenes were cloned and sequenced. Plasmid-borne malE genes from both species and the malF and malG genes from E. aerogenes were expressed normally in Escherichia coli, and their products function in maltose transport. This shows that the malB products from the three species are interchangeable, at least in the combinations tested. The general genetic organization of the malB region is conserved. Potential binding sites and distances between them are highly conserved in the regulatory intervals. An unexpected conserved region was detected, which we call the U box, and which could be another target for a regulatory protein. This hypothesis is supported by the presence of the U box in the regulatory, region of the pulA-malX operon in Klebsiella pneumoniae. The intergenic region between malE and malF from S. typhimurium and E. aerogenes, contains inverted repeats similar to the palindromic units (PU or REP) found at the same location in E. coli. The predicted amino acid sequence of the encoded proteins showed 90% or more identity in every pairwise comparison of species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331269
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution under domestication involving disturbance of genic balance (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 44 (1989), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica ; Solanum ; Zea ; domestication ; evolution ; morphogenesis ; recessive genes ; transposable elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022606
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Did the lumbriculids provide the ancestors of the branchiobdellidans, acanthobdellidans and leeches? (1989)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 180 (1989), S. 7-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: evolution ; Oligochaeta ; Lumbriculidae ; Branchiobdellidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Revision of the literature concerning Agriodrilus (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) and Acanthobdella (Acanthobdellida), both supposedly intermediate links in the traditional single line of evolution between lumbriculids, branchiobdellidans, and leeches, supports the alternative hypothesis of an independent origin of most if not all of these groups. Discovery of Phagodrilus, a lumbriculid that is clearly convergent with Agriodrilus in terms of the pharynx, lends further support to this concept. No decision as to the rankings of the various taxa can be made until new material of Acanthobdella is examined and all variable characters are used to determine synapomorphic character states and monophyletic groupings within this complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027533
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic relationships within phylum Rotifera: orders and genus Notholca (1989)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 186-187 (1989), S. 311-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: cladistics ; computers ; evolution ; evolutionary trees ; Notholca ; orders ; phylogeny ; Rotifera ; synapomorphies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We investigated evolutionary relationships among orders in phylum Rotifera and among species in genus Notholca (Rotifera) by computing parsimonious cladograms. All of the most-parsimonious cladograms generated for the ordinal level confirm the view that class Monogononta, superclass Eurotatoria, and phylum Rotifera are monophyletic. Species within the genus Notholca were separated into six groups (clades), but some species have been defined based on highly variable characters not reliably studied using cladistics. Therefore, phenetic studies are warranted, especially for species possessing caudal processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048926
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trophic ecomorphology in eastern Pacific blennioid fishes: character transformation of oral jaws and associated change of their biological roles (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 24 (1989), S. 199-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Blenniidae ; Chaenopsidae ; Evolution ; Generalization ; Labrisomidae ; Morphological series ; Oral jaw apparatus ; Specialization ; Tripterygiidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The ecomorphological relationships between the oral jaws and food spectra were highlighted in 34 species of Gulf of California blennioid fishes (5 Tripterygiidae, 13 Labrisomidae, 11 Chaenopsidae and 5 Blenniidae). Twenty-nine species are microcarnivorous, two are omnivorous browsers, two are algae grazers and one was an ‘ectoparasite’ feeder. The spectrum of oral (as opposed to pharyngeal) jaw (OJA) morphology ranges from plesiomorphic, suction-feeding (relatively large, protrusible jaws, with many coniform-caniniform teeth) to apomorphic, biting (relatively small, non protrusible jaws, with a single row of incisiform teeth). As species with similar morphology may widely differ in food, it is concluded, that morphology is not a reliable predictor for ecology in this case. With the exception of a few specialists, species with apomorphic, biting OJA utilize sessile items in addition to mobile categories and thus show a higher food diversity as compared to species with plesiomorphic OJA. Thus in the present case morphological differentiation goes along with ecological generalization. Only three blenniid species with the most apomorphic OJA may be considered as specialized also with regard to food resource utilization. Transformation of morphological characters and the ecological role of the OJA of blennioids may serve as a model to illustrate the steps required to achieve a biting-browsing and grazing feeding apparatus in many taxa of modern acanthopterygian reef fishes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00001224
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolutionary implications of two rainbow trout growth hormone genes (1989)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 7 (1989), S. 381-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: growth hormone gene ; rainbow trout ; evolution ; teleosts ; recombinant DNA ; nucleotide substitutions ; growth hormone cDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The primary structures of two rainbow trout growth hormone mRNAs (GH1 and GH2) have been deduced by direct sequencing of their respective cDNA clones and portions of the mRNA. Both GH1 and GH2 mRNA contain open reading frames comprised of 630 nucleotides and encode 210 amino acid residues of which 11 are variant. The translated regions of both mRNA are flanked by a short but rather conserved 5′-end, and a relatively long but highly diverged 3′-end. The differences at translated and 3′-untranslated regions suggest that the GH1 and GH2 mRNA originate from different loci. The GH1 and GH2 mRNA are likely transcribed from two distinct loci which were duplicated during tetraploidization of salmonid genome between 50 to 100 million years ago. The GH2 gene has been isolated and sequenced from a rainbow trout genomic library. This gene spans a region of approximately 4 kilobases. The trout GH gene is comprised of 6 exons and 5 introns, in contrast to 5 exons and 4 introns in mammals. The additional intron in the trout gene interrupts the translated regions that are analogous to the last exon of the mammalian counterpart. The alleged internally repeating sequences in mammalian GH, prolactin (Pr1) and placental lactogen (PL) are not observed in the predicted polypeptide sequence of trout GH. In addition, direct repeats that flank exons I, III and V of mammalian GH, Pr1 and PL genes are absent in trout gene. These findings indicate that the rainbow trout GH gene structure does not support the current hypothesis that internally repeated regions in GH, Pr1 and PL arose from a small primordial gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004732
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuolar proton pumps (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 21 (1989), S. 605-620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Proton-translocating ATPase ; organelle acidification ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recently a new class of proton-translocating ATPases has been localized to endomembrane compartments in plant, fungal, and mammalian cells. These proton pumps are large hetero-oligomers which have an ATP hydrolytic sector that is functionally and structurally distinct from a transmembranous proton pore. Enzymatic characteristics of these proton pumps are discussed as well as the current state of knowledge regarding subunit composition and function. In addition, recent primary sequence data are discussed which indicate that these proton pumps share a common ancestor with F1F0-type proton pumps of mitochondria
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00808116
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure, molecular genetics, and evolution of vacuolar H+-ATPases (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 21 (1989), S. 553-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Proton-ATPase ; vacuolar system ; molecular biology ; evolution ; structure and function ; eukaryotic cells ; transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Proton-ATPases can be divided into three classes denoted as P-, F-, and V-ATPases. The P-ATPases are evolutionarily distinct from the F- and V-type ATPases which have been shown to be related, probably evolved from a common ancestral enzyme. Like F-ATPases, V-ATPases are composed of two distinct structures: a catalytic sector that is hydrophilic in nature and a hydrophobic membrane sector which functions in proton conduction. Recent studies on the molecular biology of vacuolar H+-ATPases revealed surprising findings about the evolution of pronon pumps as well as important clues for the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00808113
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specificity space, the structure and evolution of metabolic pathways: Part II of a general theory (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of biological physics 17 (1989), S. 103-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0689
    Keywords: Specificity space ; evolution ; metabolic pathways
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Biomolecular structures are interacting in terms of their force fields. These force fields define the specificity surfaces of the molecules. Specificity surfaces are represented by specificity vectors in a multidimensional specificity space. A quantitative analytical expression is developed for biochemical reactions and the evolution of metabolic pathways in the specificity space. This leads to detailed identification of various biomolecular processes with individual terms in the equation. This theoretical analysis permits defining detailed function and resolution requirement of enzymes, as well as, how these fit into the overall metabolic pattern of the cell. This paper is Part II of a general theory of the physical basis of the biological state of matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417751
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of structure, order and complexity in biological systems: Part III of a general theory (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of biological physics 17 (1989), S. 109-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0689
    Keywords: Evolution ; order ; complexity ; biological systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this, Part III of a general theory, the large-scale features of evolution of structure, order, and complexity are considered as characteristic features of the biological state of matter. This starts with a rigorous formal definition of structure, classes of structural order, complexity, measures of complexity, and how these arise through evolution by a cumulative process of storing information in memory systems. Three such memory systems have evolved: the genetic memory, the immune memory, and the memories of the nervous system. The evolution, characteristic parameters and the limitations of these memory systems are explored. From these considerations emerge the large-scale features of the evolutionary pathways of biological structure, function, and complexity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417752
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dentition patterns among Pacific and Western Atlantic butterflyfishes (Perciformes, Chaetodontidae): relationship to feeding ecology and evolutionary history (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 25 (1989), S. 159-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Jaws ; Evolution ; Corals ; Teeth ; Cladistics ; Specialists
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The jaw dentition of fifteen species of Pacific and Western Atlantic chaetodontid butterflyfishes was examined in light of their feeding habits and phylogenetic relationships. The ancestral tooth pattern is typical of many of the butterflyfishes, and variations on this basic pattern involve changes in the arrangement, length and number of teeth, and tooth shape to a lesser extent. Many of the more derived conditions can be explained by simple changes in relative jaw shape and size. Despite what appears to be adequate time for evolutionary changes to occur between the Pacific and Western Atlantic faunas, many species retain the generalized tooth arrangement permitting efficient exploitation in a very generalized manner. However, Pacific species as a whole show more specialized morphologies for hard coral feeding than do Western Atlantic species. Cases of parallel and divergent evolution are identified between and among the two faunas. Most morphological change associated with feeding in butterflyfishes is confined to the anterior region of the head, and particularly a few key elements. Suggestions for future morphological studies on the chaetodontids are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theamylase gene-enzyme system of fishes (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 159 (1989), S. 237-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Amylase ; Mosquitofish ; Rat ; Drosophila ; Structure ; Function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Amylases from the mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis holbrooki, Pisces: Poeciliidae) and rat were purified and compared withDrosophila amylases in terms of structure and function. At the structural level, amino acid compositions of the three amylases were compared. At the functional level, amylase activities were compared on various substrates and in the presence of inhibitors. While the amylases from all three organisms had properties typical of alpha-amylases, both structural and functional differences were observed. Using resemblance coefficients of distance and similarity from numerical taxonomy, it was determined that the amylases from the rat andDrosophila were more similar to each other than either was to amylase from the mosquitofish, and that structural differences between the amylases did not reflect functional differences, i.e. there was no correlation between amylase structural and functional distances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691744
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subunit-specific monoclonal antibodies to tarantula hemocyanin, and a common epitope shared with calliphorin (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 159 (1989), S. 139-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Calliphorin ; Hemocyanin ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Evolution ; Spiders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three murine hybridoma cell lines secreting IgG1 antibodies to 4×6 tarantula (Eurypelma californicum) hemocyanin were isolated, and the monoclonal antibodies Ec-7, Ec-8 and Ec-24 characterized by immunoblotting, immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA. WholeEurypelma hemocyanin, and the isolated subunitsa tog served as probes. For the subunits a novel, quick purification scheme on FPLC combined with immuno-affinity chromatography was established. Additionally, two cell lines secreting IgM antibodies were isolated. These antibodies showed irrelevant cross reactivities. Ec-7 strongly reacts with subunitd and weakly withb. Ec-8 and Ec-24 are specifically directed againstEurypelma subunitsa ande, respectively. The epitopes of Ec-7 and Ec-8 are sequence-dependent, whereas the Ec-24 epitope is conformation-dependent. Ec-8 and Ec-24 are specific forEurypelma hemocyanin. Ec-7 is not reactive to crustacean, centipede or gastropod hemocyanins, but binds to scorpion hemocyanin and to the immunological correlates of subunitsd andf in the hemocyanins of the spiderCupiennius salei and the xiphosuranLimulus polyphemus. In immunoblots with different polyclonal antisera,Eurypelma andAstacus hemocyanin cross-reacted with calliphorin, a larval serum protein from the blowflyCalliphora vicina. Calliphorin and chelicerate hemocyanins share the Ec-7 epitope. Sedimentation coefficients, pH stability regions, subunit size, and electron microscopical appearance of calliphorin are indiscernable from a typical 1×6 arthropod hemocyanin. This relationship is discussed in the context of hemocyanin evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691734
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-mental aspects of encephalisation: The forebrain as a playground of mammalian evolution (1989)
    Springer
    Human evolution 4 (1989), S. 45-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-310X
    Keywords: Genes ; brain ; behavior ; evolution ; development ; mammals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Neo-darwinian theory holds that changes in mammalian and avian body morphology follow behavioral adaptation. The problem then is to explain how random mutations can result in a sufficiently rapid reorganization of the most complex biological system —common sense would predict that the CNS is the slowest to evolve. This paper attempts a parsimonious explanation which predicts that the accumulation of genetic variation is most likely in CNS systems ranking high in the functional hierarchy of the brain, and that thetop-ranking systems are the preferred initial targets after increased selective pressure. They thus serve as a matrix for subsequent canalized selection which leads to a comparatively rapid, top-to-bottom reorganization of the CNS, providing a neuronal framework for the evolution of body morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02436418
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of musculature in goldon monkey (Rhinopithecus) (1989)
    Springer
    Human evolution 4 (1989), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-310X
    Keywords: Snub-nosed monkey ; Myology ; Evolution ; Functional anatomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Some differences between the muscular system of three species of golden monkeys were shown. The major features of the myology in these animals, besides that ofCercopithecoidea, are similar to the anthropoid apes and humans. Although most of the features between taxa of golden monkeys are largely homologous, there are also some differences. Our results differ slightly from thosePatterson (1942) obtained inR. roxellanae. Some conclusions reported by Patterson were obviously incorrect, since the specimen he used did not have a head. Many mylogical characters are similar to other species ofCercopithecoidea while some resemble those of apes. Many are similar to those of the leaf monkey, though some of them show much more development. The golden monkey is more advanced than any other species ofCercopithecoidea. We hypothesize that in terms of the myological characters the golden monkeys seem to occupy a position between the leaf monkeys and the apes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02436420
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood markers and genetic evolution in Cercopithecinae (1989)
    Springer
    Primates 30 (1989), S. 403-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: Evolution ; Polymorphism ; Phylogeny ; Genetic markers ; Cercopithecinae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Serum proteins and RBC enzymes were surveyed in 16 species (183 animals) of African guenons (tribe Cercopithecini) in order to determine their genetic polymorphism and to establish dendrograms on the basis of their allele frequencies. The molecular data obtained were compared with those of mangabeys (16 animals tested) and discussed in the light of our results inPapio andMacaca. The species surveyed wereCercopithecus neglectus, C. hamlyni, C. l'hoesti (C. l'h. l'hoesti, C. l'h. preussi, andC. l'h. solatus), C. nictitans, C. mitis (C. m. kolbi, C. m. albotorquatus, C. m. stuhlmanni, andC. m. albogularis), C. cephus, C. ascanius, C. erythrotis, C. petaurista, C. mona, C. pogonias, C. wolfi, andC. aethiops, Miopithecus talapoin, Allenopithecus nigroviridis andErythrocebus patas, Lophocebus albigena, andCercocebus torquatus. Eleven loci (ten systems) were studied in red blood cell enzymes and the Gc, Gm, Km, and Bm systems in DBP and immunoglobulin serum proteins. Most of the loci were polymorphic. Similar and different polymorphisms occur in closely related species or subspecies, particularly inCercopithecus. Guenons have phenotypes clearly distinct from mangabeys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381263
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of yields from populations with age-specific cropping (1989)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 3 (1989), S. 343-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Keywords: Evolution ; exploitation ; fisheries ; Gadus morhua ; life history ; optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Age-specific exploitation of a natural population acts as a selective force on genetic variation in life history traits. Evolution arising from this selection may bring about evolutionary changes in the total yield which the population is able to sustain. An analysis of this process is given for a harvested population with densitydependent recruitment, in which selection of life history traits by cropping is independent of density and frequency. Evolution of the total yield depends on an interplay between the yield from an individual over the course of its life and recruitment; whether the total yield increases or decreases depends on the properties of particular populations. Evolution brought about by harvesting does not, in general, lead to the maximization of the total yield. Nonetheless, by appropriate choice of an age-specific harvest pattern, it is possible in principle to select the life history which gives the maximum total yield following evolution; this harvest pattern is called the ‘evolutionarily stable optimal harvesting strategy’ (ESOHS). Results of the analysis are illustrated with data on the Arcto-Norwegian cod.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285264
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeatability: Its role in evolutionary studies of mating behavior (1989)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 3 (1989), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Keywords: Repeatability ; sexual selection ; mating behavior ; evolution ; communication ; female preferences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Repeatability, a concept derived from quantitative genetics theory, is a statistic that describes the degree to which variation within individuals contributes to total variation in a population. Its usual application has been to set an upper limit on heritability but it may also be useful for studies of stereotypy of behavior. The repeatability of the production of male mating signals gives information both about whether males differ sufficiently for selection to act and whether the differences could be appreciably heritable. Measures of the repeatability of female mating preferences will provide data that can describe the preference functions used in mathematical models of the evolution of sexually selected traits, as well as putting an upper bound on the heritability of preferences. A survey of the few measures in the literature shows that the repeatability of male signal production varies substantially (range 0.21–0.85) and does not necessarily reflect heritability. The repeatabilities of female preferences have not been published previously: for the response to conspecific pheromones by female flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum), my best estimate is zero. Measuring the repeatability of other traits such as parental care and foraging behavior may also lead to insights about selection on and the evolution of these traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270919
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiac design in lower vertebrates: what can phylogeny reveal about ontogeny? (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 919-930 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Heart ; circulation ; blood ; lower vertebrate ; embryology ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In very few instances can the cardiovascular systems of adult ‘lower’ vertebrates serve asdirect models for development in ‘higher’ vertebrates, primarily because numerous evolutionary specializations for preferential distribution of cardiac output between systemic tissues and gas exchange, organs occur in the highly derived circulation of most extant lower vertebrates. Yet, the extensive literature on the cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of aquatic and air breathing fishes, amphibians and reptiles offers important conceptual insights into both patterns and mechanisms of development in birds and mammals. The primary contribution of such studies to the student of developing bird and mammal circulations is the clear demonstration that surprisingly complex hemodynamic function can develop from supposedly ‘simple’ cardiovascular systems typified by incompletely divided heart chambers. Thus, the hemodynamics of embryonic bird and mammal circulations should be determined by measurement, rather than inferred from structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01939885
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Misuses of biology in the context of the paranormal (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Biology ; creation science ; creationism ; evolution ; hundredth monkey phenomenon ; paranormal ; pseudoscience
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Public suspicion of science stems from science's challenging of perceptions and myths about reality, and a public fear of new technology. The result is a susceptibility to pseudoscience. In claiming that creation ‘science’ is as valid as evolution the creationists misquote scientists and seek to spread their own ‘scientific’ myths concerning a young age for the earth, an act of creation based on a particular literalist interpretation of the Christian Bible and a single worldwide flood. They use methods of debate and politics, rather than scientific research. A selection of their arguments is examined and the nature of the evidence for evolution is discussed. Problems with the creation ‘science’ model are noted. In the myth of the hundredth monkey phenomenon, original research is misquoted to denigrate scientific research and support sentimental ideas of paranormal events. The misuse of science is seen as damaging to society because it reduces the effective gathering and application of scientific information. However, pseudoscience provides a valuable guide to gaps in public scientific education.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01961266
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical background for the inversion of seismic waveforms including elasticity and attenuation (1988)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 128 (1988), S. 365-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Inversion ; waveforms ; attenuation ; Green's function ; representation theorem ; dual conditions ; reciprocity theorem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To account for elastic and attenuating effects in the elastic wave equation, the stress-strain relationship can be defined through a general, anisotropic, causal relaxation functionψ ijkl (x, τ). Then, the wave equation operator is not necessarily symmetric (‘self-adjoint’), but the reciprocity property is still satisfied. The representation theorem contains a term proportional to the history of strain. The dual problem consists of solving the wave equation withfinal time conditions and an anti-causal relaxation function. The problem of interpretation of seismic waveforms can be set as the nonlinear inverse problem of estimating the matter density ϱ(x) and all the functionsψ ijkl (x, τ). This inverse problem can be solved using iterative gradient methods, each iteration consisting of the propagation of the actual source in the current medium, with causal attenuation, the propagation of the residuals—acting as if they were sources—backwards in time, with anti-causal attenuation, and the correlation of the two wavefields thus obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01772605
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host specificity in phytophagous insects: selection pressure from generalist predators (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 49 (1988), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: evolution ; monophagy ; polyphagy ; host range ; Vespidae ; caterpillars ; predation ; Mischocyttarus flavitarsus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The narrow host range of insect herbivores is noted, and some of the reasons why specificity has evolved are reviewed. Works indicating the need for new approaches are pointed out including the possibility that generalist predators provide a suitable pressure. Experiments to test the hypothesis that generalists are more vulnerable than specialists to predators are described. They involved a vespid wasp and over thirty species pairs of caterpillars, matched for size and density. Overall, generalists were taken more readily than specialists: some but not all reasons could be detected. The results are discussed in ecological and evolutionary terms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00188246
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological homologies between yeast ribosomal protein L2 and rat liver ribosomal proteins L4 and L24 (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 235-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Ribosomal protein ; Immunological homology ; Yeast ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Polyclonal antibodies raised against ribosomal protein (r-protein) L2 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe were used to check for cross-reaktions with total r-proteins of rat liver. Using this procedure, the rat liver r-proteins, L4 and L24, were identified as being immunologically related to yeast L2. In addtional, homologies between rat liver L4 and L24 were detected. The possible implications for the regulation of r-protein synthesis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387769
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Common features of three inversions in wheat chloroplast DNA (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 343-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; tRNA genes ; Gene duplication ; Inversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have determined the DNA sequences of regions involved in two of the three inversions known to have occurred during the evolution of wheat chloroplast DNA. This establishes the extent of the second largest of the three inversions. Examination of these sequences suggests that although short repeated sequences are present, the endpoints of the second and third inversions are not associated with repeated sequences as long as those associated with the first inversion. However the endpoints of all three inversions are all adjacent to at least one tRNA gene, and there is evidence that three of the tRNA genes have been subjected to partial duplication, possibly at the time of inversion. This suggests that tRNA genes might be involved with rearrangements of chloroplast DNA, as has also been postulated for mitochondrial DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00424430
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a large inversion in the spinach chloroplast genome relative to Marchantia: a possible transposon-mediated origin (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 433-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast genome ; Inversion ; Transposon ; Spinach
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A 7,022 by BamHI-EcoRI fragment, located in the inverted repeat of spinach chloroplast, has been sequenced. It contains a 2131 codon open reading frame (ORF) homologous to both tobacco ORFs 581 and 1708, and to Marchantia ORF 2136. Relative to the Marchantia chloroplast genome, spinach ORF 2131 is located at the end of a large inversion; the other end point is close to trnL, the position of which is the same in Marchantia, tobacco and spinach. In Marchantia, two 8 by direct repeats flanking two 10 by indirect repeats are present near the end points of the inversion. These repeats may result from a transposon-mediated insertion which would have facilitated the subsequent inversion. From a comparison of the gene organization of the spinach, tobacco, and Marchantia genomes in this region, we propose a step-wise process to explain the expansion of the inverted repeat from a Marchantia-like genome to the spinach/tobacco genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365665
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In wheat ctDNA, segments of ribosomal protein genes are dispersed repeats, probably conserved by nonreciprocal recombination (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 127-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Wheat chloroplast DNA ; Repeated sequences ; Ribosomal protein genes ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Some dispersed repeated sequences and their flanking regions from wheat and maize ctDNAs have been characterized. Two sets of wheat ctDNA repeats were found to be the chloroplast ribosomal protein genesrpl2 andrpl23, plus nonfunctional segments of them, designatedrpl2′ andrpl23′. Pairwise comparisons were made between the wheatrp123 andrpl23′, and the maizerp123′ sequences. The precise patterns of homology suggest that the divergence of the wheat and maize nonfunctional (rpl23′) sequences is being retarded by nonreciprocal recombination, biased by selection for individuals with functional (rpl23) sequences. The implied involvement of these sequences in mechanisms of homologous recombination, and therefore in the creation and spread of new ctDNA variants, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569336
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide sequence of the Physarum polycephalum small subunit ribosomal RNA as inferred from the gene sequence: secondary structure and evolutionary implications (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 265-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Physarum polycephalum ; rRNA ; Sequence ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of the Physarum polycephalum small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene has been determined. Sequence data indicate that the mature 19S SSU rRNA is 1,964 nucleotides long. A complete secondary structure model for P. polycephalum SSU rRNA has been constructed on the basis of the Escherichia coli 16S rRNA model and data from comparative analyses of 28 different eukaryotic sequences. A “four-helix” model is presented for the central domain variable region. This model can be applied both to vertebrate and most lower eukaryotic SSU rRNAs. The increased size of P. polycephalum SSU rRNA relative to the smaller SSU rRNAs from such other lower eukaryotes, as Dictyostelium, Tetrahymena or Saccharomyces is due mainly to three G+C-rich insertions found in two regions known to be of variable length in eukaryotes. In a phylogenetic tree constructed from pairwise comparisons of eukaryotic SSU rRNA sequences, the acellular myxomycete P. polycephalum is seen to diverge before the appearance of the cellular mycomycete Dictyostelium discoideum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376747
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the small subunit precursor of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Chlamydomonas moewusii (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 461-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Evolution ; Sequence comparison ; RUBISCO ; Transit peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated and characterized a full-length cDNA clone encoding the precursor of the small subunit (pSU) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO) from the green alga, Chlamydomonas moewusii. Comparison with the C. reinhardtii rbcS1 gene sequence reveals that both small subunit (SS) coding regions are 75% homologous and that their predicted mature polypeptide chains are each composed of 140 amino acids. In contrast, their transit peptides appear to be divergent. We also show that transcription of the C. moewusii rbcS gene(s) which generates a 1,230 and a 930 base mRNA species are light-stimulated/or accumulated during the light period of the cell cycle. Finally, the SS polypeptide sequences of fifteen different photosynthetic organisms are compared; this analysis reveals at least five well-conserved polypeptide domains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00521270
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolutionary relationships among known life forms (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1988), S. 98-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: rRNA ; Evolution ; Sequence comparison ; Parsimony ; Bootstrap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Sequences of small subunit (SSU) and large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA genes from archaebacteria, eubacteria, and the nucleus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria of eukaryotes have been compared in order to identify the most conservative positions. Aligned sets of these positions for both SSU and LSU rRNA have been used to generate tree diagrams relating the source organisms/organelles. Branching patterns were evaluated using the statistical bootstrapping technique. The resulting SSU and LSU trees are remarkably congruent and show a high degree of similarity with those based on alternative data sets and/or generated by different techniques. In addition to providing insights into the evolution of prokaryotic and eukaryotic (nuclear) lineages, the analysis reported here provides, for the first time, an extensive phylogeny of the mitochondrial lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143501
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual evolutionary conservation of 5S rRNA pseudogenes inAspergillus nidulans: Similarity of the DNA sequence associated with the pseudogenes with the mouse immunoglobulin switch region (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1988), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Aspergillus nidulans ; 5S rRNA ; Pseudogenes ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary AllAspergillus nidulans 5S rRNA pseudogenes known so far are the result of integration of an approx. 0.2-kbp-long DNA sequence into the 5S rRNA genes. This sequence, called block C, is present in at least five copies in theA. nidulans genome and seems to be associated either with 5S rRNA genes or pseudogenes. In contrast to the 78% sequence conservation of the C-block in pseudogenes, the truncated 5′ halves of the pseudogenes are very highly conserved (96.9–100%). We postulate that the 5S rRNA pseudogenes are still a subject of concerted evolution. The C-block sequence shows similarity to the switch region of the mouse heavy chain immunoglobulin gene. A characteristic motif GGGTGAG is repeated several times in both sequences; the sequence conservation is 63%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143503
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of tropomyosin functional domains: Differential splicing and genomic constraints (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 228-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Tropomyosin ; Differential splicing ; Evolution ; Isochore ; Codon usage ; Sequence convergence ; Functional constraints
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of a complementary DNA (cDNA) encoded by a newly isolated human tropomyosin gene and expressed in liver. Using the leastsquare method of Fitch and Margoliash, we investigated the nucleotide divergences of this sequence and those published in the literature, which allowed us to clarify the classification and evolution of the tropomyosin genes expressed in vertebrates. Tropomyosin undergoes alternative splicing on three of its nine exons. Analysis of the exons not involved in differential splicing showed that the four human tropomyosin genes resulted from a duplication that probably occurred early, at the time of the amphibian radiation. The study of the sequences obtained from rat and chicken allowed a classification of these genes as one of the types identified for humans. The divergence of exons 6 and 9 indicates that functional pressure was exerted on these sequences, probably by an interaction with proteins in skeletal muscle and perhaps also in smooth muscle; such a constraint was not detected in the sequences obtained from nonmuscle cells. These results have led us to postulate the existence of a protein in smooth muscle that may be the counterpart of skeletal muscle troponin. We show that different kinds of functional pressure were exerted on a single gene, resulting in different evolutionary rates and different convergences in some regions of the same molecule. Codon usage analysis indicates that there is no strict relationship between tissue types (and hence the tRNA precursor pool) and codon usage. G+C content is characteristic of a gene and does not change significantly during evolution. These results are in good agreement with an isochore composition of the genome, and thus suggest a similar chromosomal environment in chicken, rat, and human.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02100079
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence similarities of the protamine genes: Implications for regulation and evolution (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 291-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: P1 P2 protamines ; Evolution ; Regulatory sequence ; Primordial sequence ; Similarity ; Alignment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary With the recent availability of the primary structural data for the trout, bovine, and mouse protamine genes, a detailed comparison of their structures has been made. This has revealed extensive conservation of potentially biologically significant regions. An inverse correlation is apparent between gene copy number and the number of sequence-distinct protamines synthesized with the number of CP-box-like (CCYPCCC) putative transcription modulating sequences situated 5′ to these genes. A common nucleotide sequence 5′ to the CP-box-like putative transcription modulating sequence(s) at the end of a common region has been identified. It is postulated that this is the testis-specific protamine P1 transcription regulator sequence. Evidence based on sequence similarity is also provided for the existence of a primordial protamine gene and a scheme for the evolution of vertebrate protamine genes is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101190
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoskeletal actin gene families ofXenopus borealis andXenopus laevis (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 17-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Actin genes ; Evolution ; 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have sequenced the coding and leader regions, as well as part of the 3′ untranslated region, of aXenopus borealis type 1 cytoskeletal actin gene [defined according to the arrangement of acidic residues at the N-terminus; Vandekerckhove et al. (1981) J Mol Biol 152:413–426]. The encoded amino acid sequence is the same as the avian and mammalian β (type 1) cytoskeletal actins, except for an isoleucine at position 10 (as found in the mammalian γ cytoskeletal actins), and an extra amino acid, alanine, after the N-terminal methionine. Five introns were found, in the same positions as those of the rat and chicken β-actin genes. The 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions resemble those of the human γ (type 8) cytoskeletal actin gene more closely than the mammalian β genes. Primer extension showed that this type 1 gene is transcribed in ovary and tadpole. Sequencing of primer extension products demonstrated two additional mRNA species inX. borealis, encoding type 7 and 8 isoforms. This contrasts with the closely related speciesXenopus laevis, where type 4, 5, and 8 isoforms have been found. The type 7 isoform has not previously been found in any other species. The mRNAs of theX. borealis type 1 and 8 andX. laevis type 5 and 8 isoforms contain highly homologous leaders. TheX. borealis type 7 mRNA has no leader homology with the other mRNA species and, unlike them, has no extra N-terminal alanine codon. The evolutionary implications of these data are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02099726
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histone genes in three sea star species: Cluster arrangement, transcriptional polarity, and analyses of the flanking regions of H3 and H4 genes (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 36-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Histone genes ; Sea stars ; Echinoderms ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The arrangement of core histone genes and their transcriptional polarity has been determined for three species of sea stars (Pisaster ochraceus, P. brevispinus, andDermasterias imbricata) representing two orders which diverged over 500 million years ago. Each species has approximately 500 core histone cluster repeats per haploid genome. The close phylogenetic relationship between thePisaster species is evident from the correspondence of restriction sites in the repeat element, identical arrangement of core histones, and high degree of sequence homology in both the coding and spacer regions of the H3 gene. TheDermasterias repeat has the same gene order and transcriptional polarity of core histones, but its restriction map is significantly different. Moreover, theDermasterias H3 gene has the same amino acid sequence, but in comparison toPisaster nucleotide sequences, shows a high level of silent substitutions. Analyses of the nucleotide sequence of the 5′ and 3′ regions surrounding the H3 gene from each species demonstrate the presence of appropriately spaced consensus and processing signal segments. The 3′ spacer segment of theDermasterias H4 gene contains an unusual, threefold tandemly repeated, 21-nucleotide, AT-rich sequence. No similar sequence is seen in theP. brevispinus H4 3′ region, but these two species show a striking regularity of distribution of five different homologous oligomers in the 3′ spacer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02099728
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the human hemopexin gene and evidence for intron-mediated evolution (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 102-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Hemopexin ; Evolution ; Gene structure ; Recombination ; Sequence homology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The human hemopexin gene was isolated and its structure determined. The gene spans approximately 12 kb and is interrupted by nine introns. When the intron/exon pattern was examined with respect to the polypeptide segments they encode, a direct correspondence between exons and the 10 repeating units in the protein was observed. The introns are not randomly placed; they fall in the middle of the region of amino acid sequence homology in strikingly similar locations in 6 of the 10 units and in a symmetrical position in the two halves of the coding sequence. These features strongly support the hypothesis that the gene evolved through intron-mediated duplications of a primordial sequence to a five-exon cluster. A more recent gene duplication led to the present-day gene organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02138368
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant mitochondrial DNA evolved rapidly in structure, but slowly in sequence (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1988), S. 87-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genome evolution ; Rearrangement ; Inversion ; Brassica ; Base substitution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We examined the tempo and mode of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) evolution in six species of crucifers from two genera,Brassica andRaphanus. The six mtDNAs have undergone numerous internal rearrangements and therefore differ dramatically with respect to the sizes of their subgenomic circular chromosomes. Between 3 and 14 inversions must be postulated to account for the structural differences found between any two species. In contrast, these mtDNAs are extremely similar in primary sequence, differing at only 1–8 out of every 1000 bp. The point mutation rate in these plant mtDNAs is roughly 4 times slower than in land plant chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and 100 times slower than in animal mtDNA. Conversely, the rate of rearrangements is extraordinarily faster in plant mtDNA than in cpDNA and animal mtDNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143500
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the activity of flight interneurones in locusts, crickets, dragonflies and mayflies (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 735-738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Insect ; flight ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity patterns of interneurones in the flight systems of dragonflies and mayflies were investigated using standard intracellular recording and staining techniques, and were compared with those of crickets and locusts. The results show several basic similarities in the operation of a central motor pattern generator for flight in all four groups of insects. These similarities can be explained as resulting from conservative evolution of flight pattern generating circuitry within the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959144
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Problems and prospects in morphogenesis (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 633-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Morphogenesis ; evolution ; development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941023
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cryptic intermediate in the evolution of chameleon tongue projection (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 697-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Lizard ; Chamaeleontidae ; Agamidae ; tongue ; feeding ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An incipient form of tongue projection occurs inPhrynocephalus helioscopus, a generalized agamid lizard. We argue that this condition represents a functional intermediate between typical lingual prehension and chamaeleontid tongue projection, and that tongue projection evolved in chameleons by augmentation of ancestral mechanisms still operating in related, generalized lizards.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941032
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epilepsy and electromagnetic fields: effects of simulated atmospherics and 100-Hz magnetic fields on audiogenic seizure in rats (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 32 (1988), S. 17-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Electromagnetic fields ; Rat ; Audiogenic seizure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to study the possible association between epileptic seizures and natural electromagnetic fields, 32 female audiogenic seizure (AGS)-susceptible rats were exposed to simulated 10 kHz and 28 kHz atmospherics and to a sinusoidally oscillating magnetic field with a frequency of 100 Hz and field strength of 1 A/m. After the electromagnetic exposure, seizures were induced in the rats with a sound stimulus. The severity of the seizure was determined on an ordinal scale, the audiogenic response score (ARS). The time from the beginning of the sound stimulus to the onset of the seizure (seizure latency) and the duration of the convulsion was measured. No differences from the control experiments were found in the experiments with simulated atmospherics, but the 100 Hz magnetic field increased the seizure latency by about 13% (P〈0.02). The results do not support the hypothesis that natural atmospheric electromagnetic signals could affect the onset of epileptic seizures, but they suggest that AGS-susceptible rats may be a useful model for studying the biological effects of electromagnetic fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01623987
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of correlations between the 8 and 10 kHz atmospherics and the inflammatory reaction of rats after carrageenan injection (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 32 (1988), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Atmospherics ; Carrageenan inflammation ; Rat ; Susceptibility ; Correlations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Between the mean daily density of 28 kHz atmospherics and the onset of epileptic fits there is a highly significant correlation coefficient (r) of 0.30; there is a negative coefficient of −0.20 between the fits and the mean daily density of 10 kHz atmospherics. The onset of heart infarction is correlated with 28 kHz atmospherics (r=0.15). Furthermore, we have discovered that sudden deafness is also correlated with certain configurations of atmospherics. In this paper we report the following correlation coefficients between the inflammatory reaction of rats to a carrageenan injection (rci) into a hind paw and the mean daily pulse rate of atmospherics of the same day:r=0.49 for the 8 kHz atmospherics (P〈0.02) andr=0.44 for the 10 kHz atmospherics (P〈0.04). The correlations between rci reaction and other atmospherics (12 and 28 kHz) are smaller and not significant. By the method of multiple linear regression we found a multipleR=0.54 between rci reaction and the 8 and 10 kHz atmospherics (the regression function for the rci reaction is 0.15+0.004×8 kHz+0.002×10 kHz,P〈0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045280
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fumarate reduction systems in members of the family Rhodospirillaceae with different quinone types (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 150 (1988), S. 56-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Fumarate reduction ; Quinones ; Rhodospirillaceae ; Phototrophic bacteria ; Evolution ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nineteen established and one undesignated species of the Rhodospirillaceae were examined for fumarate reduction in connection with their quinone systems. The fumarate reductase activity with reduced methyl viologen (MVH) or FMNH2 as electron donor was found in membrane (chromatophore) preparations from phototrophically grown cells of all species containing menaquinone (MK) and/or rhodoquinone. The species having ubiquinone as the sole quinone contained no fumarate reductase activity, except some Rhodobacter species showing the FMNH2-dependent activity. The MVH-fumarate reductase activity of the MK-type species was not inhibited by Triton X-100 or acetone treatment, suggesting the presence of a fumarate reductase reacting directly with MVH, while such an enzyme was absent in the MK-lacking strains, with few exceptions. The FMNH2-fumarate reduction system was abolished by a detergent or acetone extraction in all bacteria but differed much among species with different quinone types as to the response to respiratory inhibitors. These differences in fumarate-reducing properties and quinone systems among the phototrophic bacteria are discussed from evolutionary and taxonomic viewpoints.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00409718
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...