ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (1,847)
  • Emerald  (744)
  • Cell Press  (656)
  • Oxford University Press  (446)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Nature Publishing Comapny
  • 1995-1999  (1,847)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (958)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (889)
Collection
  • Articles  (1,847)
Source
Publisher
Years
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    UK industry guidelines on nutrition labelling to benefit the consumer (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 24-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A three-year consumer research programme, using both qualitative and quantitative techniques, was undertaken to assess whether additional voluntary nutrition information for calories and fat would aid consumers' ability to use the nutrition information that is given on food packs. A variety of label formats was investigated. The research established that providing information for calories and fat per serving, either separately from the nutrition panel or highlighted within the nutrition panel, and providing Guideline Daily Amounts (GDAs) for calories and fat helped to make the nutrition information more accessible to consumers. GDAs were felt by consumers to be new and useful information. The research findings were developed into voluntary industry guidelines by an IGD working group consisting of representatives of manufacturers, retailers, consumer organizations, nutrition scientists and government. The guidelines represent best practice for industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910247644
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Body composition and energy balance assessment of élite female athletes in the USA and Greece (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 66-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine body composition, energy balance and tendencies towards eating disorders of female competitive athletes in two countries, USA and Greece. Data were collected using similar methodology in both countries during the non-competitive (training) and the competitive seasons. Forty-two athletes and 11 controls in the USA and 35 athletes and ten controls in Greece participated in the study. Comparison of the results between the countries showed that US athletes weighed more than Greek athletes but there was no significant difference in the percentage of body fat between the two groups. No significant differences were found in the energy intakes between athletes in either country. Athletes appeared to be in negative energy balance (-380 to -580 kcals daily) in both seasons, in both countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254231
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is healthy eating only for the young? (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 12-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A survey of 12 residential homes assessed the nutritional balance of the meals selected and consumed by the elderly residents. With the increasing age of the population and the demand for professional care there is an increasing pressure on the professional caterer and carer to meet the nutritional needs of those in their care. However the ongoing concern over the safety of various foods and the requirement for residential homes to remain within budget can have an impact on the food offered to and consumed by the elderly person. The results show a general satisfaction by the consumer with the food supplied but the research indicates that the meals are not generally nutritionally balanced. The overall concern of the providers is to remain within budget and any nutritional balance of meals is obtained more by accident than as a planned policy. If this is an indication of the situation in Northern Ireland there is the possibility that throughout the United Kingdom there may be similar widespread imbalance in the nutritional provision to the older members of the population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910247626
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food safety enforcement and the hospitality industry (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A good relationship between the hospitality industry and environmental health officers is seen as essential if food poisoning statistics are to be improved in the future. A questionnaire issued to both parties indicates that there are still areas of disagreement which need to be bridged if progress in food safety is to be made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910247662
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emerging issues for the next millennium (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 78-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: With changes in the curriculum, science breakthroughs, consumer demands and the Government's recent Green Paper on Our Healthier Nation, the British Nutrition Foundation's National Nutrition Education Conference entitled "Emerging issues for the next millennium" informed delegates about emerging issues in nutrition and education.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254376
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The soya bean: so small yet so mighty (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 144-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The role of diet in contributing to the incidence of coronary heart disease, cancer and other common Western diseases is attracting increasing attention. Foods which provide different biologically active compounds, such as phyto-oestrogens, have been extensively studied and epidemiological evidence suggests that populations consuming a diet high in phyto-oestrogens have a lower risk of these diseases. This paper reviews some of the key studies on soy isoflavones which suggest that the incorporation of soy protein into the British diet may offer important health benefits. Non-steroidal dietary oestrogens are found in high concentrations in the traditional diets of the Far East, and by vegans who consume large amounts of soy protein. Consumption of isoflavones across Asia varies considerably and it is estimated that between 25 to 45mg of isoflavones is consumed daily, compared to as little as 5mg daily in Western countries. It is well established that modification of dietary fat, especially saturated fat, soluble fibre and total calories have a role in coronary heart disease risk. In a meta-analysis of 38 controlled trials on soy proteins, it was concluded that significant reductions in serum and total LDL cholesterol could be achieved. A wide range of epidemiological data shows strong correlations between a diet high in soy protein and vegetables and a reduced risk of breast cancer. The incidence of osteoporosis in Japanese women is significantly lower than in Western women and dietary factors such as soy protein intake may be important in sustaining this protection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910262197
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diet, bacteria and colonic cancer (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The links between diet, bacteria and colonic cancer are examined in this article. Studies suggest that high intakes of fat and protein are associated with elevated risk of colonic cancer whereas cereals, fruits and vegetables seem to be protective. A further aspect considered in relation to this type of cancer is metabolism by gut bacteria. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are presented as ways of stimulating the activities, certain gut flora and the use of "functional foods" is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910270945
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrition in older people (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 219-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new National Diet and Nutrition Survey was published in October 1998, by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and the Department of Health, which reported on the dietary intake and nutritional status of people over 65 years of age in the UK. This survey provided data on 1,275 free-living people and 412 people in residential care. Along with the information on diet and nutritional status are data on anthropometric and biochemical parameters. A second related survey looked at dental health in this age group. The key findings of these surveys and the public health implications for older people are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910277641
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibiotics and resistance in farm animals (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 178-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Antibiotics are used in animals to cure disease and prevent suffering. Bacterial populations in animals which are exposed to these antibiotics may be selected for resistance. There is a concern that spread of these bacteria in the food chain to humans may result in the establishment of antibiotic resistant bacteria in people which will prove difficult or impossible to treat with conventional drugs. It is clear that antibiotics must be used carefully to reduce the development of resistance and that steps should be taken to reduce the transfer of bacteria from animals to man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910270918
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organisations providing diet sheets for people with Diabetes Mellitus (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 192-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article focuses on the dietary requirements of people with Diabetes Mellitus, both insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent. It is one disorder where good dietary management can benefit control, well being and avoid complications. The guidelines for dietary intake for those with Diabetes Mellitus both past and present are given. The recommended intake of carbohydrate, fruit and vegetables, sugar, protein, fat, salt and alcohol are also discussed. The study itself focuses on the organisations involved in producing diet sheets for people with Diabetes Mellitus. The article also gives information on how to obtain such publications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910270963
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food choices of 9-17- year olds in Northern Ireland - influences and challenges (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 229-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Few studies have concentrated on the food choices of young people and the potential influences, yet the food choices established in these early years can determine the diet and quality of health in later life. This study investigates the diet and food choices of 9-17-year olds in Northern Ireland and considers the potential effects of age, gender and socio-economic grouping. A range of research methods was implemented including observations, questionnaires and diet based case studies. The observations, in five schools, indicated the types of foods being chosen whilst the questionnaires further investigated this initial information along with other factors, to obtain more detailed data. A total of 764 questionnaires were administered to young people and 516 to parents to facilitate comparison. In-depth diet based case studies also took place evaluating the diets of 14 young people. The research indicated that this group have a diet which continues to cause concern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910277669
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Healthy eating or chips with everything? (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 270-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Outlines the numerous messages sent to consumers regarding healthy eating practices and indicates the problems involved in determining whether or not the British consumer has adopted a nutritious and healthy diet. Research was undertaken which measured individuals' involvement in healthy eating issues and related this to several demographic characteristics. The research indicates some variation in involvement in healthy eating according to demographic variables but the results were not statistically significant. Group discussions were also conducted which confirmed that the healthy eating messages were widely received and understood; however, there was some confusion over their content, scepticism regarding the veracity and motivation of some sources and a growing resentment of boring and puritanical themes. In the future care must be taken to produce clear, simple and positive healthy eating messages to the public if trends towards a more nutritious diet are to continue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290141
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Producing non-GM soy protein through identity preservation (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Much of the debate surrounding genetic modification has centred on food product ingredients, in particular soya derivatives, and the supposed inability to segregate GM from non-GM soybeans. Protein Technologies International has, however, implemented a system, Identity Preservation, which ensures the delivery of non-GM soy protein to its customers. The system covers seeds, on-farm storage, planting, growing and harvesting, transportation, processing and distribution, with independent third-party verification. It is, believes the company, a way of ensuring that consumers can obtain the health benefits of soy protein consumption even if they are actively avoiding GM ingredients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290277
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food for thought on food safety (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 140-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: foodlink's National Food Safety Week provides a focus for communicating messages designed to help people understand and initiate the basic precautions which can be taken to reduce the risk of food poisoning and in the process provide fun and entertainment for thousands throughout the UK. There were over 100,000 reported cases of food poisoning last year and there has been much speculation recently that many more cases go unreported. National Food Safety Week provides the tools both to raise awareness of the problem and to provide the answers in a fun, inclusive and effective way. Indeed, keeping food safe is one of the most basic applications of technology in the home.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910262160
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tackling diet-related disease by promoting fruit and vegetables (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 173-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article outlines the importance of increasing fruit and vegetable intake in the battle against diet-related disease and health inequalities. It identifies some of the barriers to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption and proposes some potential solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910270792
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of "packed lunches" to the dietary intake of 11-12-year-old children (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Packed lunches are a popular form of midday meal for children at school. This study of 11-12-year-old children in Northern Ireland found sandwiches, crisps, chocolate and carbonated drinks to be popular items included in a packed lunch. Dairy produce and fruit were poorly represented. The nutritional quality varied with the type of lunch. The contribution of fat and saturated fatty acids to total energy intake were in all cases far in excess of recommended dietary guidelines. Such high intakes of fat militate against the reduction in the incidence of coronary heart disease in Northern Ireland. The intake of dietary fibre and several micronutrients were inadequate.Knowledge of healthier foods was not translated into food consumption. If major diseases in the longer term are to be minimised a challenge exists for those responsible for food preparation ± parents, food processors and suppliers in the hospitality industry to produce foods which are healthier while not adversely affecting their acceptability to children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910270936
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of visual cues in consumer perception and acceptance of a food product (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 224-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses the role appearance plays in influencing consumer perception and subsequent acceptance of a food product. Texture and flavour have long since been known to exert an effect on consumer perception. However, the "first taste is almost always with the eye". This is especially the case where a food product is sold through its appearance, rather than through its packaging. In addition, appearance can have a halo effect which modifies subsequent flavour perception and food acceptability. The article also briefly discusses the many factors that affect the perception process and the significance of food product development in the food industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910277650
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TCS gives industry food for thought (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper highlights the effectiveness of TCS (the Teaching Company Scheme) in improving the performance and competitiveness of companies in the food-processing industry. The industry is swinging towards the more efficient production of safe, high-quality foods, a change propelled by UK and EC legislation and by market forces. Developing and implementing new process procedures and systems, exploring and developing novel ingredients, new products and market sectors are projects that require heavy investment of time, resources and personnel. However, many small and medium-sized food-processing companies lack the resources necessary to carry out such strategic projects. TCS is a highly successful government scheme that stimulates innovation and facilitates technology and knowledge transfer in most business and industry sectors, including the food industry, by supporting partnerships between companies and the UK's knowledge base (universities and research organisations and institutions). It also enables companies to recruit and train high-calibre graduates seeking careers in industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910277687
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shelf-life (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article highlights current research at the Leatherhead Food Research Association which is relevant to shelf-life assessment of food products. One area is to improve the quality and safety of fish - both fresh and cold-smoked. Food MicroModel, a computer software package which aids in the prediction of the microbiological safety and spoilage potential of food products, is described. New methods capable of predicting the stability of oils and fats to oxidation, which can be a significant cause of reduced shelf-life in fat-containing foods, are described. Novel analytical instruments, known as electronic noses, have been shown to have potential, as has a total antioxidant activity test. Temperature control in factories is often a compromise between product safety and the need to maintain reasonable employee working conditions. This is no longer a problem with the development of glove box technology, which separates the two environments. The final study discussed in this article is the development of accelerated shelf-life tests for chocolate products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910262151
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study into the antibiotic effect of garlic Allium sativum on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus albus (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 170-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A quantitative method involving colony counting was undertaken to assess the antibiotic effects of garlic Allium sativum on possible food-borne bacteria. The investigation using garlic was targeted at higher education students planning an Independent Study or Dissertation into the antibacterial properties of food plants. The effect of concentrations of garlic varying from 0 per cent to 20 per cent in chicken stock, which had been inoculated with either E.coli B and S. albus, was investigated over three days. Bacterial numbers were reduced with increased garlic concentration and with the duration of incubation. Heating the garlic for 30 min at 100 C destroyed its anti-bacterial activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910270765
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Northern Ireland retailing environment and its effect on ethnic food consumption (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 237-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The recent arrival of the UK multiples has had a significant effect on the Northern Ireland market, particularly in terms of product range and choice. Ethnic foods offer a potentially lucrative sector, as evidenced in Great Britain. However, retailers in Northern Ireland are only beginning to develop range and ethnicity and are familiarising themselves with a market which has been characterised more often by traditional eating habits. The preliminary study considered consumer perceptions of ethnic food products in Northern Ireland. It would appear that product awareness needs to be developed carefully, and the onus is on the retailer (and indeed, the hospitality establishments) to inform consumers and respond to their needs and wants, particularly with the more recent trend towards regional cuisine and greater authenticity. Only then can a larger range of truly ethnic food products penetrate the Northern Ireland market successfully.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910277678
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FOOD MATTERS - a nutrition award for Hertfordshire schools (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 278-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: FOOD MATTERS is an award scheme that aims to encourage healthy eating amongst pupils in Hertfordshire schools. The FOOD MATTERS Award seeks to encourage a whole school approach to healthy eating. To achieve the Award, schools must carry out the following: set up a FOOD MATTERS co-ordination group; gain the FOOD MATTERS catering certificate by meeting set catering criteria; and identify and achieve targets regarding the promotion of healthy eating in school. Schools participating in FOOD MATTERS have carried out many different projects. These include a pupil-run healthier tuck shop; a "try it and you might like it" day (to encourage primary school pupils to eat more fruit and vegetables); the introduction of "fruit smoothies", (to increase pupils' intake of fruit and high-calcium foods); a fruit-sharing scheme; and the installation of new drinking fountains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290222
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nutritional importance to local communities of fish caught off the coast of Qatar (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 288-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article focuses on the consumption of fish in Qatar and its health benefits for those living in the region. The nutritional value of fish from traditional fishing areas such as the UK has been much discussed but this article addresses the value of fish from warmer regions. Samples of popular fish were purchased from the local market in Qatar and were then analysed for levels of major nutrients and fatty acids. The likely nutritional impact of fish on the local diet was then evaluated. Problems of preservation of fresh fish, hygiene and mercury levels are also pointed out. Vigilance on behalf of the Public Health Authorities is urged to ensure the good reputation of fish in this region remains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290349
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proximate composition of ten standardized Nigerian dishes (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objectives of the study are the standardization of ten Nigerian dishes and the determination of their proximate composition. Recipes for the ten dishes were obtained through the use of questionnaires. There were 200 respondents to the questionnaires consisting of housewives living in the major towns of south-western Nigeria. One recipe for each meal was extracted from a known cookery book. The means for each ingredient of all the dishes were calculated from ten randomly selected recipes and then used in the preparation of the standardized dishes. The standardized dishes are: Burabisko, Jollof rice, Agbono soup, Stewed beans and fried plantain, Bean pudding, Melon seed and vegetable soup, Ikokore, Eba imoyo, Yam and eggs and Yam pottage. Consumer acceptability tests were conducted as well as proximate analyses according to AOAC. All dishes were considered acceptable since they scored more than 3, the benchmark for acceptability. Energy content of the dishes ranged from 281Kcal/100g (Jollof rice) to 510Kcal/100g (Agbono soup). The crude protein content ranged from 7.5g/100g for Burabisko to 27.4g/100g for Jollof rice. The results suggest that these dishes are good sources of energy and protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290466
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advancements in infra-red array detectors (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 273-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Despite many advances during the last decade in both infra-red sensor and solid state camera technology, until now little headway has been made in the production of cost-effective semiconductor sensor arrays capable of operating far into the infra-red. Old ideas, renewed by the capabilities offered by the latest micromachine technology, may change all this. Reviews the problems associated with building such sensor arrays before introducing some interesting new research results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294664
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scannerless laser range camera (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 285-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The requirement to quickly obtain 3D measurements is common to a variety of tasks in different fields of applications, i.e. robotics, space craft rendezvous and docking scenarios and industrial assemblies. In this paper, a novel type of non-scanning optical 3D laser camera is presented. This is useful for both space and industrial applications. Avoiding any moving mechanical parts, the new sensor is able to exceed the frame rate and lateral resolution limits of common scanning devices, while providing both a grey-scale image and a dense range image of the scene at the same time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294691
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A strategy for accurate guidance of a manipulator using laser interferometry-based sensing technique (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 292-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Laser interferometry-based sensing (LIS) technique has been proposed and established recently to track and perform dynamic measurements on a moving end-effector of a robot manipulator. In this paper, a technique using LIS system to perform guidance of a manipulator is proposed. The LIS system is used as a sensor to guide the end-effector of a robot manipulator. This is to be accomplished through the implementation of guidance error determination and compensation, and path generation in the control algorithm. This technique can be used to accurately guide the manipulator's end-effector to a specified location or along a specified path with a high level of accuracy. The structure and various components within the system and the control strategy are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294727
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductive polymer-carbon black composites-based sensor arrays for use in an electronic nose (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 300-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Polymer-carbon black composites are a new class of chemical detecting sensors used in electronic noses. These composites are prepared by mixing carbon black and polymer in an appropriate solvent. The mixture is deposited on a substrate between two metal electrodes, whereby the solvent evaporates leaving a composite film. Arrays of these chemiresistors, made from a chemically diverse number of polymers and carbon black, swell reversibly, inducing a resistance change on exposure to chemical vapors. These arrays generate a pattern that is a unique fingerprint for the vapor being detected. With the aid of algorithms these patterns are processed and recognized. These arrays can detect and discriminate between a large number of chemical vapors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294745
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A CTFM acoustic spatial sensing technology: its use by blind persons and robots (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A binaural sonar sensor for blind persons which models the bat sonar is described. System performance with field plots are presented along with signal analysis on objects forming targets. The distal spatial resolution is little more than one wavelength at the lowest frequency of 50 kHz. The operating bandwidth is 50 kHz producing the power to discriminate between objects. Distance and direction information is obtained over a field of view of 50 degrees within one frequency sweep. Blind persons have demonstrated mobility akin to sighted mobility. This knowledge is of value in designing robots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910279120
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recognising leafy plants with in-air sonar (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 202-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Continuous Transmission Frequency Modulated (CTFM) ultrasonic sensors can be used to recognise plants. The echo from a plant is modelled as an acoustic density profile. Classification based on features extracted from the echo is more robust than classification based on the echo. Potential applications for this sensing system include landmark navigation and plant sensing for selective spraying of agricultural chemicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910279139
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review of the alternating current field measurement inspection technique (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper describes the principles of the a.c. field measurement technique, a non-contacting electromagnetic method of crack detection and sizing in metals. The development of the technique is covered, followed by examples of some of the many different applications the technique has been used for, including multi-sensor arrays for rapid manual inspection or for deployment by robotic manipulator in hazardous environments. Finally, recent work on replacing the normal multi-turn coil magnetic field sensors with newly available GMR sensors is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910279166
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Real time mobile robot sonar with interference rejection (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 214-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new approach to rejecting interference between sonar systems is presented in this paper. The approach is based on identifying a transmitter by sending a double pulse with known separation. Using simple delayed pulse subtraction, a sonar receiver can test echo pulses quickly and simply for acceptance. This approach is implemented on a sonar system that is capable of accurately tracking objects at measurement rates exceeding 10 Hz. Two sonar sensors, each consisting of a transmitter and two receivers, are independently controlled to track objects from bearing and range measurements. Matched filtering is used to optimally estimate echo arrival times from which range and bearing angle are derived. Bearing accuracy is typically better than 0.1 degrees but degrades if there is air turbulence and temperature gradients. Bearing errors are shown experimentally to have significant autocorrelation at times of the order of seconds. The ability to reliably reject interference is demonstrated experimentally by both sensors simultaneously tracking the same plane object.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910279193
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Online focus control sensor for laser welding offers improved reliability without process intrusion (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 265-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A robust and non-intrusive focus control system for laser welding has been developed under a collaboration between GSI Lumonics (Rugby) and Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, as part of the Laser Engineering for Manufacturing Applications Programme (LEMA), funded by EPSRC. It uses the light generated by the process, together with the chromatic aberrations of the focusing optics to determine the focal position of the laser relative to the workpiece. Successful closed loop operation has been demonstrated over a wide range of welding conditions, including different materials and laser powers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294628
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of SpectraScan tunable diode laser instruments to fugitive emissions (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 278-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The advantages of lasers over broad-band light sources for spectroscopic measurements have long been recognized. Laser techniques offer the ability to measure the concentrations of trace species in a gas stream in "real time" with sensitivity and molecular selectivity not possible with broad band spectroscopic techniques. Until recently, the use of laser-based instruments has been largely limited to laboratory or one-of-a-kind devices. However, the increased availability of solid-state tunable diode lasers, recent advancements in fiber optic coupling and advanced signal processing have made it possible to develop instruments that offer customers enabling technology at an affordable price. Spectrum Diagnostix has developed a family of tunable diode laser-based instruments used in a variety of applications including: fugitive release detection of HF and H2S in the refining and petrochemical industries, stack monitoring, and using extractive sample probe, in situ process control. SpectraScan instruments obtain their high sensitivity and chemical selectivity utilizing a technique known as wavelength modulated spectroscopy. Described simply, a near infra-red diode laser's wavelength is scanned rapidly and repeatedly through a molecular absorption line. A photodetector senses the instantaneous fraction of emitted laser power that is transmitted through the chemical bearing gas. Measurement of the relative amplitudes of offline to online transmission yields a precise value of the quantity of chemical along the laser beam's path. The amplitude modulated signals are then detected using established radio receiver and signal processing techniques. The SpectraScan monitors are designed for permanent installation in harsh industrial and petrochemical environments and are approved for Class I, Division 2 hazardous area use. Describes the SpectraScan instruments, their field applications, and reviews operating data compiled from open path measurements of HF in refineries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910296455
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Achieving greater efficiency in NDT inspections (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 268-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Describes the application of an ultrasonic sensing system for the non-destructive inspection of welds as an alternative to X-rays. Replacing radiography with ultrasound not only allows faster, more economical inspections but also eliminates the health and safety risks associated with radiography. In practical terms that means there is no need to evacuate the site for inspection purposes - construction work can continue, round the clock if necessary, thus dramatically reducing construction times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294646
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of noncontact laser gauging systems for online measurement (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 260-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Increased worldwide competition has driven industry to find ever faster and more accurate techniques for product inspection. Although developed only recently, noncontact laser gauging systems (NCLGSs) are quickly becoming an accepted technology for manufacturing, in particular for large volume producers of wire who require online diameter measurement. This paper describes the major components of an NCLGS and how its technology enables manufacturers to incorporate extremely accurate online product measurement. The paper also describes the benefits and issues for concern associated with use of this new technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910294619
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The valve may be dead but it won't lie down (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 6-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Discusses the demise of the thermeonic valve and the firm establishment of the transistor as the major active component in electronic circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255513
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Video cameras: CMOS technology provides on-chip processing (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 19-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Compares the relative merits of CCD and CMOS based video cameras. Describes the design and fabrication of CMOS sensors which include considerable hardware computational elements on the same chip as the sensor array. These enable the device to output picture information in a form that is directly compatible with multimedia PC application requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255522
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    They've got the measure of you (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Biometrics, the use of various means to identify, or verify the identity of, individuals can be a valuable aid wherever there is a need to control access, whether to a secure site or to an ATM or a piece of sensitive plant or machinery. The Association for Biometrics and the Department of Trade and Industry held a conference last October reviewing Government applications for this family of technologies, including identification of petty criminals in a crowd, speeding the admission of prison visitors and cutting out the queues at airport immigration desks. In support of these and other applications a wide array of techniques is being developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255531
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micromachine update from Japan (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 31-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This article reports on the 4th International Micromachine Symposium and Exhibition Micromachine (1998) which were held in Tokyo, 28-30 October 1998 and also serves as a supplementary information to the article "Micro sensor developments in Japan" in this special "Micro sensors" issue of the journal. The symposium and exhibition are the annual showcase of the current status of the "Micromachine technology" project which is sponsored by the Japanese Government. Unlike efforts in other countries the Japanese approach is unique in trying to achieve real workable micromachines by establishing micro mechatronics technology. It differs from, for instance, the American MEMS where research is heavily dependent on silicon processing technology to fabricate micro devices on chips. Various kinds of micro sensors are now under development. These initiatives are well worth watching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255540
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Miniature sensors using high density screen printing (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 33-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Screen printing is a traditional low cost technique for production of electronic circuitry. Conventionally, screen printing is capable of no smaller than 200-250 micron line and space (500 micron pitch) geometry in anything other than low volume production. In recent years, ERA has been developing a novel approach to screen printing which circumvents the problems with a traditional mesh screen and thereby allows dimensions down to 50 micron line and space to be printed consistently. A major European Commission sponsored project - HIDENIMP - has just commenced with the objective of transferring this manufacturing technology to European industry across a broad range of applications. These include microwave devices (where control of edge definition and gap is important), displays (where minimising track width enhances appearance), precision resistors (where the more controlled deposition characteristics of the µ-Screen can be used and trimming minimised) and environmental sensors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255559
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micro sensor developments in Japan (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper describes some aspects of micro sensors developed as part of the micromachine project in Japan. This national R&D project, industrial science and technology frontier program "Micromachine technology", was inaugurated in 1991 as a ten-year project. The R&D goal is to establish technologies to realize micromachines for the following practical applications; maintenance and repair of power plant facilities; miniaturization of manufacturing facilities; medical diagnosis and treatment. As a result, various types of micro sensors have been successfully developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255568
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micromachined gyroscopic sensors (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 43-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Many new micromachined angular rate sensors (gyroscopes) are now commercially available. Their rapid development has been mainly due to the automotive industry. A wide range of different devices exists and their performance is significantly improving every year while costs are falling. Much effort is now under way for large volume production. This article provides a general overview of gyroscopic sensors and also describes a novel micromachined rotating device.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255577
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of microporous membranes in sensor technology (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 46-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Analyses some of the main ways in which microporous membranes can play a role in the efficient functioning of sensors. These devices are used to detect a property of, or component in, a fluid in contact with the sensor. As used in this article, the term "sensor" is intended to cover the broadest range of optical, optoelectronic or electronic devices used to detect a component of a fluid in contact with the sensor as part of a detection system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910255586
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge transfer sensing (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 96-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: While the transference of charge is an essential aspect of every capacitance sensor, a relatively new form of sensor makes overt use of the principle of charge conservation first deduced by Watson in the 1740s. Updated to use a microcontroller, mosfet switches, fet-input opamps and band gap references, the principle of charge transference can be used to create an extremely sensitive and stable device with unique properties that transcend those of more pedestrian capacitance sensors. Also known as "QT" sensors, charge transfer sensors can have a dynamic range spanning many decades with noise floors in the sub-femtofarad regime, allowing differential resolutions of mere fractions of a femtofarad. Such sensors are proving to have unique applications considered heretofore impossible, while also proving themselves as replacements for much more expensive sensing systems using photoelectric, acoustic, RF, and optical imaging techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266250
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Real-time 3-D metrology for aerospace manufacture (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 113-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: High speed image processing is the basis of a unique 3-D measurement system developed by British Aerospace and the City University Optical Metrology Centre. The system can produce 3-D coordinates for over a hundred measured points up to every 1/25th of a second. As a result it can simultaneously measure locations of components during assembly or guide a robot end effector in drilling operations. This work has recently won the 1998 Metrology for World Class Manufacturing Award for Innovative Metrology and a DSP in Action Award for 1998.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266304
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatially continuous six degree of freedom position and orientation sensor (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 106-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper describes SHAPE TAPE™, a thin array of fiber optic curvature sensors laminated on a ribbon substrate, arranged to sense bend and twist. The resulting signals are used to build a three dimensional computer model containing six degree of freedom position and orientation information for any location along the ribbon. The tape can be used to derive dynamic or static shape information from objects to which it is attached or scanned over. This is particularly useful where attachment is only partial, since shape tape "knows where it is" relative to a starting location. Measurements can be performed where cameras cannot see, without the use of magnetic fields. Applications include simulation, film animation, computer aided design, robotics, biomechanics, and crash testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266142
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foresight launches three sensor programmes (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 116-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The government-sponsored Foresight programme, begun four years ago with the aim of bringing together industrial companies with academic and research organisations to improve the competitiveness of the British economy, has now entered a second round of activity focusing on developing its range of tasks. In the area of sensing technology three themes are being taken up for collaboration by Sira during the coming year: industry and the environment; security and observation; and Earth observation. Last November Sira sponsored a conference to introduce these themes and recently Professor Richard Brook, director of Sira, and Anne Burns, technology marketing manager, talked to Jack Hollingum about the way ahead.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266269
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensor based safety components for high integrity machine control systems (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Until recently there has been a problem integrating safety related sensors and other safety components with software based control systems for process plant and machinery. Marrying effectively, traditional safety components such as emergency stop buttons, gate interlocks, light curtains, pull cords, safety mats, etc. and the traditional safety relay with modern PCs and PLCs offers quite a challenge. Such problems have now been solved by Smartscan Limited, based in Corby, Northants, UK who have developed the Safenet integrated safety control system - an entirely new approach to machine safety. The Safenet system provides a Master Controller which communicates with field based safety components over a two wire data highway which carries the system power, diagnostic information and all safety related data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266296
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combining inorganic and organic gas sensors elements: a new approach for multi-component sensing (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 128-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Atmospheric dependent, gas sensitive resistors seem to be good candidates for detecting critical air pollution levels. Recently, great progress has been made in the development of various sensor types, but less attention seems to be paid to the integration of sensor elements with different characteristics. The aim of this international project is to develop a smart hybrid gas multi-sensor module for environmental applications, i.e. by combining classical thick- and thin-film elements with polymer-film based sensors and also a signal processing ASIC within a single package, which should be useful for all sensor types. The module should enable multi-sensor operation as well, when connected to an intelligent signal-processing unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266287
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multi-agent architecture for intelligent building sensing and control (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a new approach to intelligent building systems, that utilises an intelligent agent approach to autonomously governing the building environment. We discuss the role of learning in building control systems, and contrast this approach with existing IB solutions. We explain the importance of acquiring information from sensors, rather than relying on pre-programmed models, to determine user needs. We describe how our architecture, consisting of distributed embedded agents, utilises sensory information to learn to perform tasks related to user comfort, energy conservation, safety and monitoring functions. We show how these agents, employing a behaviour-based approach derived from robotics research, are able to continuously learn and adapt to individuals within a building, while always providing a fast, safe response to any situation. Finally, we show how such a system could be used to provide support for older people, or people with disabilities, allowing them greater independence and quality of life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910266278
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic cure monitoring of advanced composites (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 187-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Measurements of the ultrasonic sound speed of thermosetting resins and composites can be used as an in-process cure monitoring technique. Ultrasonic measurements have an advantage over other in-process techniques in that ultrasonic sensors do not make contact with the part (thus leaving no imbedded sensor or witness mark) and can make true bulk measurements of the part. A new commercially available ultrasonic cure monitoring system for the cure monitoring of thermosetting resins and composites has been developed. Advancements in ultrasonic sensor technology enable the self-contained ultrasonic sensor to be easily installed in a mold and maintain good coupling to the part during thermal cycling to 260°C. Data are presented showing the change in ultrasonic sound speed during the compression molding of epoxy prepregs. The data show a good relationship to the electrical resistivity data collected via dielectric cure monitoring. The ultrasonic technique is also applicable to phenolic based materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910279094
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reliable monitoring for turning operations: force sensor with integrated electronics measures forces in three directions (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Sensor review 19 (1999), S. 192-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: To ensure the reliable monitoring of machining operations, e.g. by lathes, the forces generated during the metal removal process must be detected with the utmost precision. Almost every type of lathe can be straightforwardly monitored for these factors with a force sensor which not only measures forces in three directions but which also incorporates the necessary electronics to amplify the output signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602289910279111
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assembly and reliability of flip chip on boards using ACAs or eutectic solder with underfill (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Microelectronics international 16 (1999), S. 6-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1356-5362
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Reports the research and development results on flip chip on FR-4 and ceramics, using anisotropic conductive film (ACF), anisotropic conductive paste (ACP), or eutectic solder with underfill. Several types of ACF and ACP with different types of conductive particles and adhesives were investigated. Simple but high yield procedures for reworking flip chip on board using ACP and ACF were developed. Processes for flip chip on FR-4 and ceramic boards using eutectic solder bumps with underfill were also evaluated. The flip chips were assembled on test vehicles for temperature cycling and high-temperature high-humidity tests. The reliability performance of the three processes (gold bumps with ACF, gold bumps with ACP, and eutectic solder bumps with underfill) is compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13565369910293297
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal fatigue analysis of the flip chip assembly on the polymer stud grid array (PSGA) package (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Microelectronics international 16 (1999), S. 15-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1356-5362
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Presents the thermo-mechanical modelling of a new type of area array package: the flip chip on polymer stud grid array (PSGA). The objective is to optimise the material and geometrical design of this PSGA package and the flip chip assembly in order to achieve the highest thermal fatigue reliability for the solder joints in this structure. A parameterised non-linear finite element model is used to calculate the inelastic strains induced in the solder joints due to thermal cycling. The techniques of design of experiments (DOE) and response surface modelling (RSM) enhance the parameter sensitivity analysis and optimisation of the PSGA design. After the optimisation of the structure, a very high solder joint fatigue reliability of this flip chip to PSGA package has been achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13565369910293305
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High frequency wire bonding for PBGA package, a process optimisation approach (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Microelectronics international 16 (1999), S. 22-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1356-5362
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In a plastic BGA package, the glass transition temperature of 170-215°C for bismaleimide triazine (BT) substrate puts an upper ceiling to the usable wire bond temperature. To compensate for the limitation in thermal energy, high frequency thermosonic bonding was proposed and successfully demonstrated for plastic BGA wire bonding. Design of experiment (DOE) and response surface methods (RSM) for process optimisation were used; bonded areas were also analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Of the four major bonding parameters were investigated, ultrasonic power and bond force appeared to be the most important control factor for wire pulls and ball shear force optimisation. The results show that bonding at low temperature is viable with the use of high frequency transducer wire bonder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13565369910293314
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HDI substrate technology for electronic automotive applications (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Microelectronics international 16 (1999), S. 36-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1356-5362
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Presents a survey of build-up technologies based on the manufacture of microvia in thin dielectric sheets (〈 100µm) deposited on PWB materials. These technologies will permit the PWB industry to manufacture high density interconnect substrates and answer the routeing requirements of high number I/Os, BGAs and new area array components. Bull Electronics Angers (BEA) has developed an HDI technology where microvias with hole diameters lower than 100µm are mechanically or laser drilled and interconnected lines at pitch down to 200µm are manufactured. In the frame of a European MEDEA project, ATEMAES, the design of an electronic subsystem manufactured by Magnetti Marelli in ceramic thick film technology has been adapted to the design rules of the HDI technology developed by Bull. This is part of an evaluation program for the use of HDI technology for automotive applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13565369910293323
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cyclic fatigue behaviour of ball grid arrays (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Microelectronics international 16 (1999), S. 43-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1356-5362
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper describes failure load analysis to predict the number of fatigue cycles required to cause adhesion failure at the thick film conductor and alumina substrate interface in ball grid array packages (BGAs). This enables prediction of the number of fatigue cycles required to lift the thick film conductor from the alumina substrate. Adhesion strength is determined by the mechanical properties of the thick-film ink bonding mechanisms, geometry and processing conditions. The investigation is intended to increase the understanding of the adhesion properties between the thick-film ink and the substrate in ball grid arrays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13565369910293341
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAFF programme of research in support of dietary surveys (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article briefly outlines the main objectives of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) programme of research in support of dietary surveys. It summarises the current portfolio of projects, then discusses in more depth the six projects being undertaken on further analysis of data from government dietary surveys, drawing on papers presented by the researchers at the annual meeting of this programme in London on 2 June 1998.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910247617
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colour and appearance of chilled mousse: a factorial study of ingredient and processing effects (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigates the effects of ingredients and processing procedure on colour and appearance properties of chilled dairy dessert products, namely mousse. Chilled mousse products were formulated via a factorial design involving several ingredients and processing factors. Sixteen formulated dairy dessert mousses were presented to a trained sensory panel. A screening experiment was carried via a fractional factorial design involving eight factors at two levels. The effects were examined by means of graphical half normal plots using the software Design Ease (Stat-Ease Inc., USA). Five factors were identified as being the more significant factors which were cream level (CRE), mix time (MIX), blue (BLU), yellow (YEL) and red (RED) colouring agent levels. A further full factorial formulation design was carried out involving four factors: CRE, MIX, BLU, RYR (ratio of red to yellow additive) in a series of sensory perception experiments. Results verified by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that it was the level of cream and colouring agents that were the most significant factors (p〈0.001) affecting colour and appearance aspects of chilled mousse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910247635
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meat avoidance and the role of replacers (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Manufacturers are producing an extensive range of added value products which are formulated using meat replacers but which are designed to appeal to a wide range of consumers, above and beyond the "traditional vegetarian" market. This study considered the relatively recent impact of such products on the Northern Ireland market, with a particular emphasis on the quality and acceptability of Quorn based products. A small- scale questionnaire (n = 100) considered customer perceptions of meat replacers, whilst the acceptance of selected tofu, textured vegetable protein (TVP) and Quorn products was measured using selected sensory evaluation techniques. The study concluded that Quorn can offer similar texture and flavour attributes to those consumers who wish to avoid meat products for health and/or safety reasons. It is this customer base which needs to be targeted, but it must be noted that negative perceptions of meat replacers still exist. Therefore, further developments need to be supported by appropriate marketing strategies which will both attract and educate consumers and help to achieve a sustained level of purchasing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910247653
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources of nutrients in the diets of adolescent Nigerians (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 72-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The food and nutrient intake of 250 (135 male, 115 female) adolescent Nigerian high school students have been surveyed to determine the contributions of different food groups to their intakes of protein, calcium and iron. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall technique was used to obtain details of food intake and questionnaires administered to obtain social and economic circumstances of subjects' family. Male subjects had more energy, protein, calcium and iron intake but no significant (p 〈 0.05) differences when compared with females. Cereal based foods were the most important sources of dietary protein, supplying between 40-52 per cent for all subjects and 60 per cent or more for 29 per cent of the subjects. Proportions of dietary protein from legumes, meats, vegetables and roots ranged from10-21 per cent, 3-13 per cent, 7-17 per cent, 6.5-12.9 per cent respectively. Cereals were also the most important source of dietary calcium (56.8 per cent) and iron (33.16 per cent) for most subjects. The contribution of meats and legumes however, approximate that of cereals for 36 per cent of subjects. Apart from gender, residence at home or in boarding house and the socio-economic status of the subject's family significantly affect the sources of dietary protein, calcium and iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254295
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The broadening scope of food as a curriculum subject in higher education (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 105-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The increasingly multidisciplinary nature of food in society has been reflected at South Bank University by the development of undergraduate courses in Food Science and Technology; Food, Nutrition and Health; and Food Choice and Design. The ethos of The Food Programme of courses is outlined and the structure explained. Applications from students from a wide variety of backgrounds are welcome - provided they have a real interest in food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254411
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Children's drinks - what children really think (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 136-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper discusses the findings of a market research programme carried out by SMRC ChildWise on behalf of Tetra Pak UK Ltd, examining use of and attitudes to soft drinks among children and mothers. This is a product field of increasing interest to children as they grow, and their appreciation develops from being totally product-focused, to include packaging and then brand considerations. The research examined behaviour across the key drinking occasions that make up the child's day, looking in detail at drinks consumed at school. It is at school that a child's freedom of choice develops, and awareness of peer group influences becomes increasingly important. Children are highly receptive to new brands and flavours, but also demand professional packaging and promotional input for brands to be credible. Younger children appreciate having their own individual carton with a straw but, for older boys, a can is preferred, whilst girls like the practicalities of resealable bottles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910262133
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium in food, nutrition and health - an introduction (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes chromium's importance in nutrition and health, pinpointing its sources in diets and facts about its absorption in humans. Outlines the body's ability to store chromium and the function of the element. Reports on current recommendations of safe and adequate levels of intake. The symptoms of chromium deficiency are discussed as are the toxic effects of too high an intake. Concludes with recommendations for required further research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254385
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nutritional implications of food wastage in hospital food service management (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: While there is considerable anecdotal evidence and some research indicating poor nutritional intake and high levels of food wastage in hospitals, there have been no studies relating these issues to the catering system used. The overall purpose of this study was, therefore, to measure food wastage and nutritional intake in selected hospital catering systems. Data were collected from three types of ward (elderly, medical and surgical) in four hospitals (nine wards), two in London and two in Southern England. Three wards used food cooked mainly in the hospital kitchen, six used cook-chill and cook-freeze dishes bought in ready prepared. Five of the wards used a bulk system where food is transported to the ward and plated, in the others, food is plated in the hospital kitchen then transported to the ward. Food sent to the ward, served to patients, and that which remained uneaten or left on the service trolley was weighed for a minimum of 24 hours in each ward; 966 patient-meal-days. This data enabled food wastage and nutritional intake to be calculated. Results indicate that food wastage was lower at the breakfast meal, than the midday and evening meal, 23.10 per cent, 39.99 per cent and 42.35 per cent, respectively; female wastage was higher than male, 33.91 per cent and 27.26 per cent, respectively; wastage was higher where food was plated in wards rather than in the kitchen, 57.75 per cent and 35.28 per cent, respectively; and wastage was higher where food was purchased-in ready prepared, rather than prime cooked in the hospital kitchen. Nutritional intake was calculated for five wards and in all, energy intake was below the recommendations, the highest deficit being 58 per cent. Deficiencies were also noted for other nutrients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254394
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic interactions between zinc and essential fatty acids in the mammalian organism (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Zinc and essential fatty acid deficiencies manifest similar syndromes provoking investigations into the mechanisms underlying their metabolic interactions. This article presents a lucid and concise review of literature on the possible connection between these important dietary nutrients as exemplified by the role of zinc in modulating intestinal lipid transport and prostaglandins metabolisms as well as maintenance of membrane structural and functional integrity. Reports of investigations on zinc and essential fatty acid deficiencies, regarding their pleitropic effects on clinically important enzymes, from the laboratory of the authors were also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910254402
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteoporosis and coeliac disease (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 285-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes coeliac disease with its increased risk of osteoporosis for the patient. Often misdiagnosed or not recognised early, coeliac disease leads to further complications, particularly osteoporosis. Provides eating/nutrition guidelines for coeliac sufferers to avoid osteoporosis in later life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290312
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obesity, weight-reducing programmes and constipation (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 99 (1999), S. 303-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Highlights the prevalence, causes and health risks of obesity. Then continues by looking at the health incentives of weight loss through commercial weight-reducing diets and the health problems incurred during such a diet in respect of reduced energy intake and reduction of non-starch polysaccharides which can lead to constipation and associated bowel diseases. Tips to increase the intake of non-starch polysaccharides are given in the context of weight-reduction programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659910290475
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    18 m electrodeposited copper foil for flex fatigue applications (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 38-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The strain-based flex fatigue of 18 µm thick copper foil is evaluated over a wide range of strain amplitudes. Seven electrodeposited foils, four commercial grades and three experimental foils, and a commercial grade rolled foil are characterized. The fatigue life versus cyclic strain amplitude curve in the high strain amplitude (low cycle) and low strain amplitude (high cycle) regimes is developed for each foil. On the basis of fatigue life (Nf) and fatigue ductility (Df), the low cycle fatigue performance of eight foils is ranked. Universal correlations of Nf and Df with the uniaxial tensile strength are established. Two electrodeposited foils, experimental foil DF 8 in the high strain amplitude regime and commercial foil DF 9 in the low strain amplitude regime, have been shown to display fatigue performance comparable to that of the commercial rolled GR 8 foil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910244842
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An understanding of the structure and geography of the subcontract PCB industry in the UK (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper examines the make-up of the subcontract printed circuit board industry in the UK and identifies the geographical location of manufacturing sites together with the number of employees at these sites. It describes both the subcontract board-producing and assembly sectors. The maps show the position and size of the sites, and these together with a histogram showing the frequency of ranges of employee numbers, provide an understanding of the structure of the industry. Higher density areas which have a greater incidence of PCB manufacturing activity are identified and compared. It is also shown that there is little consistent relationship between the positions of the major system providers and the PCB subcontract industry sites. Concern is expressed about the ability of the many smaller companies to compete in the supply of emerging assembly and substrate technologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910244914
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental investigation of 355nm Nd:YAG laser ablation of RCC in PCB (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Diameter and depth of craters and removing efficiency of the material of RCCR (resin coated copper) used in PCB by a single pulse energy of 355nm YAG laser with a variety of pulse energy, pulse width and defocus have been studied in the paper. It is shown that the ablation rates per pulse are much higher when compared with those at 248nm. The crater diameter increases monotonically with the pulse energy. However, when the pulse energy is very high and the power density is higher than 4.0 × 109W/cm2, the crater depth and removing efficiency decrease with the increase of pulse energy. The pulse width has an important influence on the crater diameter and volume when the pulse width changes from 24ns to 38ns, whereas the influence on the crater depth is little. The influences of defocus on ablation results depend on the power density of laser beam. A certain defocus can make both crater diameter and removing efficiency increase for a relatively high power density. Meanwhile, the thermal effect in the process of 355nm laser ablation of RCCR cannot be neglected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910268963
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance and reliability issues for a graphite based direct metalization process (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 18-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: While the interest in alternative metalization processes for the manufacturing of printed wiring boards is extremely keen, the long-term reliability of plated through holes fabricated with these electroless copper alternatives remains in question. However, during the last three years, significant process improvements have been made in the direct metalization process based on a patented dispersion of graphite. This paper will describe the technology in detail and present data on the reliability and versatility of the graphite based direct metalization process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910268990
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New -propyl bromide based cleaning technology for the electronics industry (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 17-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Precision cleaning with solvent systems based on n-propyl bromide (nPB) has become an important component of the circuit board fabrication process. The nPB-based cleaners have proved themselves valuable alternatives to the once popular chlorocarbons and hydrochlorocarbons. These latter solvents have been largely banned or restricted because of toxicological and/or environmental considerations. n-propyl bromide has nearly identical physical and cleaning properties to 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-T or TCA), but it has a low Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and a low Global Warming Potential (GWP). A growing body of evidence shows that nPB-based solvents are safe, effective and cost-efficient alternatives for precision cleaning applications. New formulations have now been developed specifically for the electronics industry. The first challenge is the efficient removal of ionic residues left by certain types of solder flux. The second challenge is the prevention of tarnish on silver leads used on some circuit boards. Case histories and a discussion of relevant toxicological, environmental and regulatory considerations will be included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910290742
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal printed wiring board design for high I/O density chip size packages (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 25-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper addresses the issues involved in the design of high-density boards for high-density chip scale packages. An analytical model is developed to calculate the number of I/Os accommodated by the printed wiring board. The model is placed under constraints of package area, package I/O pitch, number of lanes per channel, PWB device feature sizes (I/O, via pad, signal traces), number of routing layers on board and the partition of routing regions on each level. The model is utilized to study the precise impact of number of routing layers and device feature size on the I/O density of PCB. The scheme for optimally partitioning each layer to achieve maximum I/O density is discussed. Specific guidelines are provided pertaining to the usage of higher board layers and/or reduced device feature sizes to design high-density boards for future electronic products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910290760
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element analysis of the dynamics of a high bandwidth actuator for a hard disk drive (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 120-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper a prototype actuator designed for a high bandwidth servo system is modeled and analyzed using finite elements. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of frequencies below 10kHz are extracted using frequency analysis and compared with the results from an experimental model analysis. The effects of key parameters used in the analysis on the natural frequencies are investigated. The frequency response is calculated using the natural frequencies and mode shapes. The calculated frequency response is compared with experimental results. The comparison of results shows that the numerical results are accurate. From the analysis the mechanical dynamics of the actuator can be understood and characterized. The analysis of the actuator shows that dynamic analysis using finite element modeling is accurate and effective and can be applied to other mechatronic systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910264172
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quasi-variational inequality for the simulation of a MODFET transistor (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 175-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: We introduce the drift-diffusion model with appropriate jump conditions at the junction of the MODFET transistor (AlGaAs/GaAs). We propose a quasi-variational inequality (QVI) model for this device. We assume that the electron density is bounded and piecewise constant. These hypotheses imply that the Poisson's equation becomes linear with respect to the electrostatic potential. The QVI model keeps a coupling with the continuity equation. Free boundaries arise in the medium AlGaAs near the Schottky-gate contact and in the high mobility medium (GaAs) under the effect of the electron affinity discontinuity at the junction. Numerical results of the QVI model show their location versus the applied gate voltage V/up〉 and the molar fraction X of the AlXGa(1-X)As medium. The inequality seems to be a reasonable simplification of the non-linear Poisson's equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910264181
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noninvasive cardiac source imaging from potential and magnetic field data (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 236-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Ventricular surface activation time maps are estimated from simulated and measured body surface potential (BSP) maps and extra-corporal magnetic field maps. In a first step the transfer matrix, relating the primary cardiac sources to the measured potential and/or magnetic field data, is calculated applying the boundary element method. Activation times are determined by minimizing a cost function which is based on this transfer matrix. This optimization method is solved by a quasi Newton method. The critical point theorem is used in order to estimate the starting column matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274757
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STEP standard's evaluation for modeling in electromagnetism (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 311-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The new set of standards ISO 10303 "STEP" makes it possible to give a complete representation of a product, using the description language EXPRESS. A part of STEP is devoted to the finite element analysis. This paper presents a brief overview of the architecture and the methodology of STEP and EXPRESS, with special attention to the part concerning the finite element analysis. The possibility to use it in modelling electromagnetic phenomena will be discussed. An example showing the description of a typical problem in electromagnetism will be implemented using EXPRESS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274883
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-H characteristic extraction using devices with non-uniform field (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 469-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper describes an efficient method to extract the B-H nonlinear characteristic from the experimental flux-current F-I data obtained using a non-uniform magnetic field device. Both functions are monotonically piecewise linear approximated with the same number of breakpoints. The method was successfully applied to characterize the ribbon core material of a fluxset magnetic field sector. In this case the hysteresis loop and the lumped magnetic circuit were extracted. Comparison with experimental results validates the proposed method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275116
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implementation of a hybrid method for eddy current problems (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 398-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper, a hybrid formulation for solving time harmonic eddy current problems in terms of magnetic field h is considered. In particular, we discuss some properties of the implicit boundary condition on the discrete level and the computation of the integral operator exploited in this context. An iterative technique is confirmed to be efficient in solving the arising, partly dense, complex linear system of equations. Furthermore, some test results, including timings for linear solvers are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274955
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical calibration of fluxset probe for quantitative eddy current testing (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 436-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Fluxset type eddy current probes are used for detecting discontinuities in conducting materials. The measurements obtained by such probes can be used for the reconstruction of the parameters of the detected discontinuity if the output signal of the measurement is uniquely related to the measured field. In this paper a calibration method is presented for the establishment of the relation between the measured magnetic field and the output signal of the probe. The relation is obtained by the optimisation of the parameters of the mapping between the calculated magnetic field distribution and the measured output signal. The magnetic field distribution due to the interaction of the probe and an infinitesimally thin crack located in a conducting plate is calculated numerically by the solution of a boundary integral equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275044
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic vector Preisach model and magnetic field solutions (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 458-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The implementation of a vector Preisach model for the modelling of anisotropic hysteretic soft magnetic materials is outlined. Some comparisons with measurements on alternate and rotational magnetic field excitations are shown. The hysteresis model is inserted inside a two-dimensional finite element solver formulated in terms of magnetic vector potential and nonlinear solution is handled by means of the fixed point method with H-scheme. Results obtained on a two-dimensional geometry are described and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of 3-D eddy currents in conducting laminations by an anisotropic conductivity and a 1-D analytical model (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 494-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: To circumvent the high computational costs of modelling each lamination to compute the eddy current distribution in three dimensions in conducting laminations, a simple method has been developed. The laminar nature of the eddy currents due to the magnetic leakage field has been considered by applying an anisotropic conductivity with zero or very low value in the direction normal to the laminations. This yields an overall field distribution serving as basis. In a second step, the much smaller eddy current loops caused by the main magnetic flux parallel to the laminations have been taken into consideration by a one-dimensional analytical model. Nonlinearity is neglected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275170
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical modelling of electrodynamic loudspeakers (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 504-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A new method for the numerical computation of the dynamic behaviour of electro-dynamic loudspeakers is presented. The numerical scheme, based on the finite element method (FEM), allows the simulation of coupled magnetic, mechanical and acoustic fields. The obtained simulation results are in good agreement with measured data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275189
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of 1-D magnetic field profiles in high current plasmas (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 275-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The identification of magnetic field profiles is crucial in many applications where a direct measurement is difficult. We discuss here a technique, based on the injection of charged particles in the region under examination, which promises to be an innovative and effective tool in the analysis of 1-D field profiles in high current plasma discharges. After the decription of the inverse problem related to the field construction, we consider a suitable discrete identification scheme, and analyze some properties of the latter. The field map in the interest region is reconstructed via a minimization procedure, which identifies the coefficient of a well-suited expansion for the field. In particular, we discuss the precision and robustness of the identification procedure, with respect to the chosen optimization scheme, the amount of data, the order in the field expansion, and the influence of noise on the data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274829
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of quasi minimal residual and bi-conjugate gradient iterative methods to solve complex symmetric systems arising from time-harmonic magnetic simulations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 298-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Finite element discretizations of low-frequency, time-harmonic magnetic problems lead to sparse, complex symmetric systems of linear equations. The question arises which Krylov subspace methods are appropriate to solve such systems. The quasi minimal residual method combines a constant amount of work and storage per iteration step with a smooth convergence history. These advantages are obtained by building a quasi minimal residual approach on top of a Lanczos process to construct the search space. Solving the complex systems by transforming them to equivalent real ones of double dimension has to be avoided as such real systems have spectra that are less favourable for the convergence of Krylov-based methods. Numerical experiments are performed on electromagnetic engineering problems to compare the quasi minimal residual method to the bi-conjugate gradient method and the generalized minimal residual method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274874
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast analytical model of induction motor for approaching rotor eccentricity (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 570-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Deals with the problem of the electromagnetic torque calculation in the case of either nonuniformity of the air-gap or eccentricity of the rotor. The electromagnetic field distributions have been evaluated for drag-cup motors. An analytical model has been introduced for linear motor based on the variation method for magnetic flux density magnitudes. The total torque and its components have been evaluated for the motors chosen. The decrease of the electromagnetic torque and increase of eddy-current losses have been discussed due to either rotor circular asymmetry or its eccentricity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296582
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for zinc pigment (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 279-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A lamellar zinc pigment reacts in aqueous alkaline media (e.g. water-borne paints) with the evolution of hydrogen. This corrosion reaction can be inhibited by certain surfactants. The most important structural part of the examined surfactants is the hydrophilic group; only anionic phosphate or phosphonate hydrophilic groups are effective corrosion inhibitors. Surfactants with carboxylate, sulfonate, amphoteric, cationic and non-ionic hydrophilic groups are ineffective. There seems to be also an influence of the hydrophobic group of the surfactants because a partial ester of phosphoric acid with a fluorinated hydrophobic group was the most effective corrosion inhibitor in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910294328
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Curing and film properties of palm stearin alkyds (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 283-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports the effects of composition and curing temperature on the film properties of three water reducible enamels prepared from palm stearin alkyds. The properties studied were hardness, flexibility, and adhesion. While all the formulations exhibit excellent adhesion, generally increasing the melamine content and curing temperature can increase the hardness but reduce the resistance to cracking and deformation of the coating. Applies Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) to the study of the curing reactions. Finds that FTIR is able to identify the predominant cross-linking reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910294337
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of filler materials on poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion wood adhesives (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 326-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fillers with different chemical properties were used to study their effects on poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) emulsion wood adhesives. The elastoplastic behaviour of the filler treated PVAc emulsions was studied using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The results show that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer is not changed significantly by the addition of the fillers, while the tensile modulus is changed together with the hardness and stiffness. The viscosity of the emulsions and their performance on wood surfaces are greatly affected by fillers. Fillers with high oil-absorption capacity increase viscosity to a greater extent. The acidity of the fillers influences the setting time for bonding of the emulsions to wood, and the water resistance, since some chemical reactions can take place during curing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910302300
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bituminous coating: effects of cashew nut shell liquid-tannin resins (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 336-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Copolymer resins of peanut skin tannin extract, aldehydes and cashew nut shell liquid were prepared. The resins were blended with bitumen and used in formulating oleoresinous wood varnishes. The film properties of the varnishes were determined and the results showed that the gloss and scratch hardness of the films increased with increase in the quantity of cashew nut shell liquid/tannin-aldehyde resins incorporated. The results also showed that the resins improved the chemical resistance of the varnish films. Varnish compositions containing 50:50 of bitumen and the resins gave films with satisfactory physical and chemical properties. The study showed that it is possible to formulate excellent oleoresinous wood varnishes using blends of bitumen and cashew nut shell liquid/tannin-aldehyde resins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910302328
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hofmann rearrangement of benzamide in the presence of electrochemically generated hypochlorite (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Benzamide has been made to undergo Hofmann rearrangement, in the presence of hypochlorite (OCl-) generated in situ, by the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution using platinised titanium anode and graphite cathode. The product is not a pure primary amine, namely aniline; but a polymeric aniline derivative is produced. It has a free amino end; and/or a free amino end is generated during the process of diazotisation. The product has been diazotised and coupled with naphthols to give dyes. The nature of the dyes have been analysed by uv-visible spectral studies. The dyes are slightly different from the dyes prepared from pure aniline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910302337
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of precipitated silicas, modified with 3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane as semi-finished product for preparation of pigments (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 270-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Surface of precipitated silica was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The optimum solvent was selected, in which the silane coupling agent was deposited on silica surface. Basic physicochemical properties of the modified silica were estimated. Methods of evaluating silica surface modification extent were presented, taking advantage first of all of its altered hydrophilicity and of differences in condensation extent of surface silanol groups. The modified silica was used as adsorbent capable of trapping water soluble organic amines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910294319
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wood adhesives from peanut skin tannin-formaldehyde resins modified with phenols (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 293-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Peanut skin tannin extract-formaldehyde condensates were modified with resorcinol and cashew nut shell liquid. The copolymer resins formed were used as thermosetting and cold-setting exterior grade wood adhesives for Sapele veneer panels. Results obtained showed that, on addition of paraformaldehyde, the resins modified with resorcinol cured at ambient temperatures while those modified with cashew nut shell liquid cured at higher temperatures. The bonded panels developed strength and durability satisfying the requirements of International Standard Specification for phenolic resin adhesives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910294346
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance demands on aerospace paints relative to environmental legislation (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 28 (1999), S. 331-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Traditionally aerospace coatings have been formulated for performance. In an extreme case a faulty coating could contribute to an accident on a catastrophic scale. The demands on aerospace coatings are severe because aircraft have unusual requirements. These requirements are dictated by the environment in which modern aircraft operate, the nature of the structure of the airframe, the way they are painted and the way in which they are used. As a consequence of all this, the paints which have been formulated for aerospace use usually differ from paint used in other industrial areas. It has often meant using ingredients which are regarded as hazardous either to health, such as chromate pigments, or to the environment, such as large quantities of strong solvents. Bearing this in mind, modern formulations have had to evolve, improving performance and taking into account the results of using hazardous ingredients which might affect users of the coatings, innocent bystanders and the environment. Here we consider the conflict between these influences and show the position reached within the industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699429910302319
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A unique electroplating tin chemistry (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 30-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel tin electrodeposition chemistry and process has been developed at Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, New Jersey, USA. This process produces smooth, satin bright tin deposits which have stable, large grain structures. The deposits contain very low organic content and, as a consequence, exhibit excellent ductility, solderability and reflowability. The chemistry is capable of operating at elevated temperatures over a wide range of current densities, and is, thus, applicable to rack, barrel and reel-to-reel operations. All chemical components, including breakdown products are fully analyzable with conventional analytical methods. Extensive bath life studies show that the deposit appearance and material properties, including grain structures, are stable in relation to the age of the electroplating chemistry. In addition, the grain refiners used are highly stable, and have few breakdown products as the chemistry ages. All these features imply a robust process which has been confirmed in various manufacturing environments. This tin electroplating process has been utilized in plating coatings for connectors, solder bumps, PWBs and components for semiconductor applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910244815
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Ni/Pd/Au as an alternative metal finish on PCB (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 18-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Multi-layer surface finish, from the bottom to top, of electroless Ni, electroless Pd, and immersion Au (Ni/Pd/Au) have been introduced in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry recently. This paper reports an evaluation of this surface finish from the perspective of solder joint attachment reliability, especially to see if the Ni/Pd/Au could be immune from the brittle interfacial fracture of PBGA on electroless Ni/immersion Au, recently observed and reported by us. PCBs with Ni/Pd/Au finishes, made from two vendors with varied Pd layer thickness were attached with PBGA packages, and tested in four-point bending. When joint strength is strong, bending tests resulted in peeling off the PCB pads; otherwise, brittle fractures occurred at the interface between solder balls and PCB pads. After aging, solder joints on all Ni/Pd/Au and reference metal finishes failed by the same brittle fracture at the interface between Ni-Sn and Au-Sn intermetallic compounds. It is concluded that the interfacial fracture was controlled by something other than the Pd, and the existence of the Pd did not prevent the interfacial fracture. Also, the presence of Pd could not prevent the Au migration and subsequent fracture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910258252
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design, analysis and measurement of the cost-effective substrate of a plastic ball grid array package - NuBGA (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A family of cavity-down plastic ball grid array (PBGA) packages have been designed by split via connection (SVC) and split wrap around (SWA) methods. Because of the special designs, these packages consist of a single core of organic material and two-metal layers of copper and are manufactured with the conventional printed circuit board (PCB) process at very low cost. The electrical performances of the packages are studied by both numerical simulations and experimental measurements. Parasitic parameters are extracted from time domain reflectometer (TDR) and time domain transmission (TDT) measurements. Cross-talk and simultaneous switch output (SSO) noise of the packages are also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910258333
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limits of copper plating in high aspect ratio microvias (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 25 (1999), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper explores the capability of electroless copper deposition plus acid copper electroplating to metallize high aspect ratio microvias.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03056129910258324
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...