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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (41,192)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (30,088)
  • 1995-1999  (37,664)
  • 1975-1979  (33,616)
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  • 1
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    The blind octopus, Cirrothauma (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 275 (5680). pp. 547-549.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-20
    Description: THE rare deep-sea octopod Cirrothauma murrayi Chun 1910 was first described from a single specimen caught during the Michael Sars Expedition of 1910 (ref. 1). Until now it has been caught only four more times2. We describe here three specimens of this species that were recently caught during biological cruises of RRS Discovery (Fig. 1). All of these animals, including the Discovery ones, have been caught at depths of more than 1,500 m, except one that was dip-netted through the ice of the Arctic Ocean3.
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  • 2
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    The planktonic life of octopuses (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 377 (6545). p. 107.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-04
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    Volcanics from the Sierra Leone Rise (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 275 (5680). pp. 536-538.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-22
    Description: THE Sierra Leone Rise, located in the east equatorial Atlantic, forms a discontinuous chain of seamounts as shallow as 2 km extending with a general NE–SW trend from near the Sierra Leone coast of Africa, to the St Paul fracture zone near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Fig. 1). The origin of this feature has remained a topic of discussion. Sheridan et al.1 have hypothesised that the Sierra Leone Rise is a volcanic structure formed at the beginning of the opening of the Atlantic in the early Cretaceous period. The twin features of the Sierra Leone and the Ceara Rises are probably of oceanic origin and were created 80 Myr ago or later in their present-day position with respect to Africa and South America2. The Atlantic ocean exhibits several similar aseismic structures which appear symmetrically oriented with respect to the mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Walvis–Rio Grande Rise and the Iceland Faeroes–Iceland Greenland Ridges. These structures are volcanic edifices having a composition similar to that found in their associated islands3–7. Deep sea drilling of the Ceara Rise8,9 penetrated a basaltic basement of the upper Cretaceous period (Maestrichtian) (Leg 39, Site 354). Similarly, a DSDP hole (Leg 41, Site 366) on the Sierra Leone Rise, penetrated sediments of the same period, without reaching basement10. We report here the discovery of alkali-rich volcanics in an area of the Sierra Leone Rise. The sediment overlying the rock fragments is aged ∼45 Myr.
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  • 4
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    Yet more danger for coelacanths (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 374 (6520). p. 314.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-06
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  • 5
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    Continental margin fault pattern mapped south-west of Ireland (1977)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 268 (5622). pp. 720-722.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-15
    Description: A SIMPLE model for continental basement structures at rifted continental margins comprises large fault blocks which trend approximately parallel to, and step down towards, the continental–ocean boundary (for example, see ref. 1). These blocks may be cut by faults which strike across the margin, and, in many theoretical discussions, are shown as being separated from the true oceanic crust by an intermediate zone (see transitional crust of Fig. 3, ref. 2). On many rifted margins these features are deeply buried by young sediments and cannot be stutied in detail. On Goban Spur (Fig. 1), a marginal plateau south-west of Ireland, the young sediment cover is abnormally thin, however, and we have been able to map in detail a 150 km wide continental basement fracture pattern of horsts and grabens using a simple seismic reflection system (160 inch3 air-gun and two-channel hydrophone array). We also suggest a location for the continent–ocean boundary between the Spur and Porcupine Abyssal Plain. There are few previously published data from Goban Spur relevant to our study, although valuable sampling3 and geophysical3–5 results have been obtained north and south of the area.
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  • 6
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    Acoustic observations of heat content across the Mediterranean Sea (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 385 . pp. 615-617.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The ability to monitor the heat content of oceans over long distances is becoming increasingly important for understanding the role of oceans in climate change, for determining the variability of the state of the oceans, for operational ocean observing systems, and for studying large-scale ocean processes such as water-mass formation. Although the properties of the upper layers of the ocean can be routinely measured on large scales by satellite remote sensing (providing altimetric and infrared data) and with expendable probes dropped from commercial vessels, the deep interior of the ocean is more difficult to monitor. Ocean acoustic tomography1 is a promising technique for such applications, as it has the potential to provide systematic, instantaneous and repeated measurements of the ocean interior over large parts of an ocean basin. Here we demonstrate the capability of this technique for measuring the heat content across an entire (albeit small) ocean basin—the western Mediterranean Sea.
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  • 7
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    Two-way exchange between the Easter mantle plume and the Easter microplate spreading axis (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 382 (6589). pp. 344-346.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The conventional model whereby plume volcanism forms linear age-progressive volcanic chains, with the youngest activity occurring nearest a spreading axis (at a 'hotspot'), has been challenged for the Easter seamount chain1–4. Whereas early work suggested the existence of a linear melting anomaly (a 'hotline')1,2, more recent studies3,4 have proposed a hotspot near Salas y Gomez island, connected with the Easter microplate spreading system by an ~800-km-long, volcanically active plume channel. Here we use geochemical, geological and geochronological data to argue that the hotspot lies close to Easter Island. Moreover, new isotopic data for lavas from the seamount chain provide evidence for bidirectional flow between the spreading axis and the plume, thus supporting geophysical and fluid-dynamical models of mantle flow in a plume/spreading axis system5–7. Material balance and flux considerations show the Easter plume to be weak and cool compared with those beneath larger features such as Iceland, Hawaii and the Galápagos islands.
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  • 8
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    Oceanography: All change in the Arctic (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 (6718). pp. 389-391.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-16
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  • 9
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    Chlorin accumulation rate as a proxy for Quaternary marine primary productivity (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 383 (6595). pp. 63-65.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: A knowledge of past changes in the biological productivity of the oceans is important for understanding the interactions between carbon cycling and climate. Phytoplankton productivity in today's oceans can be estimated from the concentrations of chlorophyll in sea water1, but chlorophyll is not preserved in the sediments. Existing proxies for past algal productivity do not represent total productivity; for example, biogenic opal2 reflects the contribution of only part of the phytoplankton community, and the organic carbon record can be subject to contamination from terrestrial inputs2,3. Although chlorins, the pigment-transformation products of chlorophyll, are widespread in Quaternary marine sediments, their potential as proxy measures of past variations in primary productivity has not been convincingly demonstrated. Here we report a high-resolution molecular stratigraphic record of chlorin concentrations over the past 350,000 years in a sediment core from the subtropical Atlantic continental margin. Maxima in the chlorin accumulation rate coincide with significant peaks in the accumulation rates of biogenic opal (at the end of glacial terminations) and organic carbon (between terminations). These results suggest that chlorins, unlike other proxies, can serve as a measure of total primary productivity variations.
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  • 10
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    Basin-scale ocean circulation from combined altimetric, tomographic and model data (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 385 . pp. 618-621.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The ocean stores and transports vast quantities of heat, fresh water, carbon and other materials, and its circulation plays an important role in determining both the Earth's climate and fundamental processes in the biosphere. Understanding the development of climate and important biological cycles therefore requires detailed knowledge of ocean circulation and its transport properties. This cannot be achieved solely through modelling, but must involve accurate observations of the spatio-temporal evolution of the global oceanic flow field. Estimates of oceanic flow are currently made on the basis of space-borne measurements of the sea surface, and monitoring of the ocean interior. Satellite altimetry and acoustic tomography are complementary for this purpose1, as the former provides detailed horizontal coverage of the surface, and the latter the requisite vertical sampling of the interior. High-quality acoustic-tomographic2 and altimetric3 data are now available to test the combined power of these technologies for estimating oceanic flows. Here we demonstrate that, with the aid of state-of-the-art numerical models, it is possible to recover from these data a detailed spatio-temporal record of flow over basin-scale volumes of fluid. Our present results are restricted to the Mediterranean Sea, but the method described here provides a powerful tool for studying oceanic circulation worldwide.
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