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  • Elsevier  (708,301)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Emerald
  • 1995-1999  (399,390)
  • 1990-1994  (337,403)
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Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: 289 (1990), S. 35-102 
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 2-6 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Communities of all sizes now have the ability to gain access to theInternet for minimal costs. Access to the Internet has created a kind ofglobal "infomarketplacerdquo; by making business information and expertadvice readily available. Communities can take advantage of thislow-cost accessibility to spur local economic development andentrepreneurship through collaboration with experts. Communities needto consider what level of Internet connectivity best meets their needs,in view of the cost/benefit ratio of Internet access. Issues andbarriers to be dealt with include profit motives, teleliteracy, andtechnofear.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 7-17 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper reports on an Internet-based system for hypermediainformation discovery and retrieval and wide-area distributedasynchronous collaboration designed and built at the National Center forSupercomputing Applications (NCSA). The system, called NCSA Mosaic,integrates cleanly into existing Internet protocols, formats, datasources, and environments, and provides powerful new capabilities forusing and sharing information across the Internet.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 18-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The French are becoming world leaders in networked information. The keyto this development is the immediate access to the general publicprovided by their national Minitel system. New networked libraries arebeing built, existing libraries are going online, and the crisis-riddenFrench publishing industry is looking to networked information for itssalvation. The French approach to networking offers interesting lessonsfor the Internet, not least because the French approach may ultimatelybe considered more attractive than the Internet's for developingnetworked information in Asia and elsewhere
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 31-44 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: InfoMall is a program led by the Northeast Parallel Architectures Centerfeaturing a partnership of approximately twenty-four organizations witha plan for accelerating development of the High-Performance Computingand Communications (HPCC) software and systems industry. HPCC is acritical technology where the United States has clear internationalleadership and which will have unprecedented impact on industry,education, society, and defense. The communications component of HPCC iscritical to developing HPCC products. Acceptance of HPCC by thesereal-world sectors has been delayed by the extremely hard problem ofHPCC software development. InfoMall employs a novel technologydevelopment strategy involving closely linked programs in technologyextraction and certification, software development, marketing,education, and training, economic development, and small businesssupport. The process is constructured and explained by analogy to afull-service set of stores in a shopping mall.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 45-63 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Federal government agencies increasingly use electronic bulletin boardtechnology as a means of providing access to and dissemination ofelectronic government information. This paper identifies and analyzesexisting government bulletin boards (BBSs). It also assesses the typesof information available to information users on the BBSs as well as thecost and technological access issues involved in federal agency use ofBBSs. Furthermore, the paper presents a typology of bulletin boards.Finally, it discusses information policy implications resulting from BBSdevelopment, especially with regard to access and dissemination ofelectronic government information. These "new" access mechanisms areoften-times difficult to use, are poorly deployed and operated, and mayserve to limit access to some types of government information.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 64-70 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Clinton Electronic Communications Project is the successor to theClinton campaign's e-mail program. The object of the work reported herewas to determine to which White House material posted to the Internet ismore current and comprehensive than information available through moretraditional sources.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 71-74 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The past year has seen increased effort across the country to expandnetworking services in rural areas. This note describes the "ruraldatafication" activities that CICNet, a regional network in the midwest,is currently pursuing.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A rapidly expanding number of organizations have begun to usehigh-performance, completely digital networks, like the Internet, tocoordinate activities and to develop products and services that servevery wide geographic areas. Now, primarily as a result of the ClintonAdministration's National Information Infrastructure initiative, theentire nation has begun to buzz with talk of the whys, wherefores, andhow-tos of making this way to doing business the rule rather than theexception of twenty-first-century life and enterprise. This papersurveys the politics and economics of the contemporary networking scene,and presents four general stratgies for making progress in the currentclimate of great change and uncertainty.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 9-22 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Available evidence indicates that there is a growing gap between theinformation rich and information poor. That gap is part of a largerstruggle for control of information resources and for the societal powerthat accompanies such control. New institutional arrangements are neededto spread the benefits of modern information technologies to allsegments of the population. Achieving social equity objectives requiresgovernmental leadership and funding. But current legislative proposalsfor shaping the National Information Infrastructure (NII) lack clearstatements as to how the social equity objectives enunciated by thePresident and Vice President would be accomplished. These proposals seemto make insufficient provision for expanding the development of morethan 150 computerized community information systems (CCIS) created bygrass-roots organizations over the past several years. Locallycontrolled information delivery systems supported by a federallysponsored system of National and Regional Institutes for InformationDemocracy could help meet the daily information needs of all people,regardless of economic class or community environment. The Instituteswould provide sustained support for anc coordination of social equityand empowerment objectives, and could servie as the institutionalstructures lacking in current legislation
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  • 11
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 30-35 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: As computers, the Internet, online digital resources, and eventually theNational Information Infrastructure become increasingly important in ourlives, the study of the use of these technologies has become one of thefastest growing areas in social science. This research is important,but, like any kind of social science involving the study of humansubjects, it raises questions of ethics and human dignity. Most majorresearch universities have guidelines for this kind of scholarship,based on the Nuremberg Code and/or the Belmont Principles. But researchin cyberspace was clearly not on the minds of those drafting theseguidelines. Some of the difficulties produced by this tension betweentraditional guidelines and new technologies are discussed.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 2-8 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Advances in adaptive computing technology provide opportunities forpeople with disabilities to access information and participate insociety. But some networking tools, especially those based on graphicaluser interfaces, threaten to erode the accessibility of electronicresources. This paper offers a brief overview of adaptive technology forcomputers and networking and identifies a number of issues that must beaddressed in order for people with disabilities to become fullparticipants in online activities.
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  • 13
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 36-44 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper argues that training is a critical success factor for theimplementation of the Internet in organizations. Given the Internet'spotential for transforming organizations, it is imperative that wedevelop training that goes beyond the teaching of Internet skills andinstead enables trainees to become active participants in the strategicplanning process. This perspective on training is termed the learningorganization perspective. A number of conceptual areas are suggested asrelevant to the development of the necessary training and the associatedtheoretical perspective. It is hoped that this initial articulation ofthe critical role of training will provide the impetus for others toexpand on the perspective and its actual implementation in organizations
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 64-70 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The passing of the information age is announced and explained, andwe are welcomed to its successor and paradigm for the immediate future,the communication age. The vital importance of the communication age toK-12 education is outlined. Special notice is made of the emergingwide-bandwidth Internet technology, which allows transmission of"libraries per second", and which forces changes on botheducation and business. Will education remain misengaged with attemptsto come to grips with the information age, or will it move ahead withthe challenges and freedom available through the communication age, withthe Internet an integral part of the curriculum?
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 71-79 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Kidlink project began in 1990 with the goal of creating aglobal dialogue among the ten to 15-year-old youths of the world. Theprimary medium for this exchange has been through e-mail mailing lists.Over four years, that project has experienced nearly an order ofmagnitude growth. This growth has entailed major changes in both the waythe dialogue itself has been structured and in the organization of thevolunteers who run the project. Growth is much more of a challenge forthose Internet projects that provide contact with individuals than forthose that are primarily providing access to information. The success ofKIDLINK provides a useful model for others.
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  • 16
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 80-88 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A new form of "museum" has emerged which takes advantage of theInternet's seemingly limitless format options for electronicpresentation and ability to tailor in-depth presentations to nicheaudiences. Constraints of ownership and geographic location are lessenedas Internet-based museums point to sources across the globe. Collectionswhich are physically impossible to construct are being mountedelectronically. Offers a sampler of museums and galleries around theworld which are making use of WorldWide Web or Gopher servers.
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  • 17
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 4-13 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Relies on critical theories of technology and democratic disclosureto construct normative communication principles for the development ofthe national information infrastructure. Suggests that efforts toprivatize the information highway, which are currently underway,undermine the network's long-range potential to encouragecitizen-to-citizen discussion of public issues.
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  • 18
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 14-24 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many Internet researchers state that computer networks provide anegalitarian forum where users are not labeled by gender, race, age,national origin or disability. This assertion ignores the experiences ofmany women using electronic communication systems. Focusses on severallegal issues of special relevance to women, including pornography andhate speech, stalking and sexual harassment, and exclusionary practices.Suggests that the conceptual models used in this research and Internetwork may help to determine future legal practices.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 established theNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and charged it to"provide for the widest practicable and appropriate disseminationof information concerning ... its activities and the resultsthereof". The search for innovative methods to distribute NASA'sinformation led a grassroots team to create the NASA Technical ReportServer (NTRS), which uses the World Wide Web and other popularInternet-based information systems.
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  • 20
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 37-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The "collaboratory" concept has recently entered thevernacular of the scientific community to reflect new modes ofscientific communication, cooperation and collaboration made possible byinformation technology. The collaboratory represents a scientificresearch center "without walls" for accessing and sharingdata, information, instrumentation and computational resources. Theprincipal applications of the collaboratory concept have been in thephysical and biological sciences, including space physics, oceanographyand molecular biology. Discusses the attributes of the collaboratory,and applies the concept developed by computer and physical scientists tothe design and operation of the SIPPACCESS prototype informationsystem for complex data to be used through the Internet by sociologists,demographers and economists. Examines obstacles to collaboratorydevelopment for the social sciences. Concludes that four major obstacleswill inhibit the development of collaboratories in the social sciences.
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  • 21
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 74-80 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many Mexican universities are now offering Internet access to theirfaculty and users. This access is provided by computer services staffwho traditionally have been responsible only for the technical aspectsof establishing, maintaining, and updating the university computersystems. The computer specialists are finding themselves largelyunprepared to assume this new role as information specialists. Examinesthe newly emerging and evolving roles of these computer specialists.
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  • 22
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 67-73 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the characteristics of bibliographic information retrievalsystems, particularly online public access systems, in terms of thedifficulties children have in using them. The specialized focus oflibrary and information science, the highly abstract nature ofbibliographic representation, and the evolving cognitive development ofchildren are all contributing factors to these difficulties. Describesrecent research and development in interface design, followed byimplications for the design of Internet navigators. The new generationof Internet browsers can give students the ability not only to searchfor information, but also to create and disseminate information usingthe same medium. Such capacity adds a significant dimension and newmeaning to the concept of information retrieval. Concludes thatthoughtful and developmentally appropriate interface design is criticalto the success of children's use of this powerful new resource.
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  • 23
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 3-10 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Evaluates the principal tools available for the retrieval ofinformation from the Internet, e.g. Hytelnet, Archie, Gopher, WAIS, andthe World Wide Web (WWW). Principally concentrates on an evaluation ofthe user interface and search software for each of the aforementionedtools. Concludes with a brief perspective of Internet informationretrieval and the implications for the future.
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  • 24
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 79-80 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the problems created by shortfalls in the performance of certain information highway services, Asyncrous Transfer Mode, and in the behavior of users. Describes individual attempts which are being made to iron out these problems, in effect introducing a system of "policing" the network.
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  • 25
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 71-78 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Refers to the growing popularity of "Fidonet" in Africa and compares it with the Internet. Acknowledges that developing countries may miss the information revolution because they lack national information infrastructures and the knowledge and skills required to provide the relevant content for them. Argues that global information should promote human development in areas such as education, health, social services and commercial activity. The Conference of African Ministers recently declared support for the building of Africa's information highway, recognizing the need for African countries to develop information networks for full Internet connectivity, enabling access to the same information systems for Africa's economic recovery and sustainable development.
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  • 26
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 77-90 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes how MCB University Press has started to come to terms with the metamorphosis which electronic publishing offers. Sees a future where interactive multimedia products and services are the norm and are quite differently distributed, based on new alliances from within but also from outside the traditional players. Explores how MCB's strengths might be used to succeed in the new frameworks and concludes that double-loop action learning is the only viable way ahead. Suggests that authors will be a constant point of reference and that networked desktop PCs and networked homes will open vast new markets to those who can re-present knowledge and information to gain and hold their attention. Outlines what MCB has done so far.
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  • 27
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the efforts of the state library of North Carolina to provide access to the Internet and to electronic information resources for libraries in the state. The major challenge of finding a cost-effective alternative to its statewide network, which was terminated by a 1993 legislative mandate, has led to opportunities to provide better services and resources by switching public libraries to point-to-point accounts and by migrating the state library's information resources to an Internet-accessible workstation.
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  • 28
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 20-26 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that collection development libraries, because of their experience in the areas of collection, organization, evaluation and presentation, are uniquely qualified to create World Wide Web subject resource collections for an academic audience. By learning how to use Internet subject directories and searching sites, and by acquainting themselves with basic HTML tags, these librarians can create guides which can become valuable tools for all Internet users. In the process, they can also expand their own library collections by providing access to networked information which would have otherwise been inaccessible to their users.
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  • 29
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 33-36 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The information highway is changing our society in very dramatic ways. Argues that state libraries need to make it a priority item on their agendas. They need to provide leadership, promote collaboration and provide empowerment for local libraries. Observes that these three key elements, successfully applied, will position libraries and the library profession as leaders within their communities and their states.
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  • 30
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 22-28 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Proposes the "cyberpunk librarian" as an identity for the librarian able to operate in the emerging cyberspace. Describes the properties and culture of this electronic frontier. Reviews a broad range of literature to identify future directions for libraries and librarians who will have to seek a response to the major social impact of technology-driven change. Argues that librarians are presented with an opportunity to reaffirm and assert their professional values and beliefs. They can help to shape a vision of cyberspace that provides benefits to society and individuals based on a fair and equitable distribution of information resources.
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  • 31
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 29-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Briefly assesses the growth and impact of the Internet, which provides an opportunity for all businesses to use it as a cheap source of communication for more focussed strategic advantage. Outlines some of its benefits and disadvantages if it is used in this way.
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  • 32
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 31-32 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the reasons for the formation of an Internet-based bank in 1995. States that financial services providers must take any opportunity to provide easier customer access.
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  • 33
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 42-47 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The information highway is a management issue with the same importance as information technology applications and information technology management. Deals with some critical issues which arise in the evolution of an information highway age and its alignment with the evolving management perspectives and strategies.
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  • 34
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 33-43 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses some of the problems designers face in building catalogs in large networks and relates them back to the resource discovery problem. Currently many catalogs tend to be built in an ad hoc fashion - which leads to a great variety in the quality of publicly accessible network catalogs. Furthermore, the research surrounding these catalogs tends to focus on narrow technical issues - resulting in difficult-to-use catalogs. Addresses this problem by providing a usability framework based on the library science and human computer interaction literature, and demonstrates some of those principles via an example of a prototype. Results are interesting to resource discovery tool developers in that a framework for understanding the general resource discovery problem is provided and some techniques for dealing with those problems are presented.
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  • 35
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 53-62 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many of the activities people perform with the Internet are new, and possibly could not have been conceived before the network became available. Describes innovative uses of the Internet by staff of two Australian universities. While the Internet provides opportunities for communication among its users, it poses challenges to the computing and information systems professionals who support them. It also presents librarians with the opportunity to apply their established skills as educators, information managers, custodians, information providers and change agents in their work with Internet users.
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  • 36
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 64-70 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explains how the NASA Technical Report Server, a World Wide Web report distribution NASA technical publications service, has been modified for performance enhancement, greater protocol support and human interface optimization. Results include: parallel database queries, significantly decreasing user access times by an average factor of 2.3; access from clients behind firewalls and/or proxies which truncate excessively long Uniform Resource Locators; access to non-Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) databases and compatibility with the Z39-50.3 protocol; and a streamlined user interface.
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  • 37
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 90-92 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the possible directions in which the information superhighway could take us, considering both the benefits of increased knowledge and subsequent increased participation and also the dangers such as the excess of raw information. Suggests that this information needs to be structured and packaged if it is to have a positive effect. Considers these points in a global sense in terms of humanity as a whole.
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  • 38
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 53-58 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that the growing availability of information, especially from electronic sources, offers both potential and problems for the researcher. Increasingly, information has become a commodity, commissioned for a specific purpose and shaped to fit the needs of the commissioner. It follows that user requirements will dictate not just the research remit (what information to collect) but also the selection criteria (why the information is needed). Establishing why information is needed is an integral step in deciding on the particular focus or slant that any search strategy, and subsequent information analysis, must take. A comprehensive, or indeed a balanced, collection of information may be neither necessary nor desirable. End-users may only require information that will support their information need. Choice of information sources will also be governed by these information needs, and their selection is a vital factor in the provision of useful, relevant information and its successful communication to the end-user.
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  • 39
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 61-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the damaging effects that malicious computer abuse, such as hacking and viruses, can have on the development of an information-based society. Computing and telecommunications technologies are a key ingredient in the realization of this society, but are increasingly the targets of criminals and mischief makers. Highlights the apparent escalation in computer-abuse incidents, as illustrated by a number of recent surveys, and examines the effects that these may have on the public perception of technology (and, hence, the smooth transition to the information society). Also presents some broad recommendations regarding what can be done to address the problem. This considers both technical measures to help safeguard systems and revised attitudes to computer abuse, to insure that incidents can be dealt with more effectively.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 9-15 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the growth and potential of the Internet in relation to security issues. Presently, lack of security is perceived as a major roadblock to doing business on-line. Risks of system corruption, fraud, theft and viruses point companies to the need for enhanced security. Investigates the importance of securing a company's systems, its individual users, and its commercial transactions, and provides a checklist along with a brief discussion of available protection measures for these three primary security concerns.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 16-26 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the (primarily Catholic) Church in the "information society," and explores the nature of communications in this context, and specifically the Internet. Suggests that the Church must embrace today's communications media and leverage its position as social and ethical advisor and counselor within the primarily capitalist social systems within which it operates. Sees the Internet as morally neutral technology, able to be utilized as a force for good or bad, education, propaganda and entertainment, and challenges the Church to embrace its utilization.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 27-31 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Aquariums include exhibits and enclosures of freshwater and marine plant and animal species. Notes that a rapid expansion in the number of aquariums has occurred over the last ten years and in addition the complexity of exhibits and activities is also expanding in an aquarium "explosion." Points out that increasing interest in the environment and in marine life has led to significant economic success for aquariums. This is part of a trend in "entertainment and recreation involving animals" which also includes theme parks and zoos. Similar in many ways to museums and galleries, aquariums display species within restricted conditions. Lists various Internet addresses of aquariums using the Internet to take advantage of presentation techniques and wider audiences.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 43-45 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers the correct role of the European Commission in the light of its dependency on information from all European Union institutions.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 46-47 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Briefly describes the history of the Internet and OHIONET. Discusses OCLC's role and involvement in providing a comprehensive service nationwide. Covers OCLC's commitment to provide selected services to its members via the Internet, and details the advantages of this.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 32-42 
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    Notes: Proposes World Thai Expert Link (WorldTEL), to exploit new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), or telematics, as a main means of creating social groups and thus task-oriented workgroups in terms of motivational advantage and in a context of the psychology of interpersonal relations in a new geography of virtual space. Introduces the concept of "diaspora" communications in terms of the widespread distribution of special interest groups (e.g. experts, managers), highlighting related corporate communication issues, while concentrating on the Thai Expert diaspora. Touches on the critical philosophical issues and introduces a new relativity of space arising from the idea that, already, ICTs can enable spaces to move and people stay.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 48-50 
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    Notes: Discusses two online directories, Hytelnet and Libgopher, which allow users to connect to a library catalog on the Internet.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 51-52 
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    Notes: Describes two categories of scholarly Internet resources: peer-reviewed electronic journals and academic discussion lists. Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each in turn.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 95-100 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet has evolved into a dynamic source of information as well as an extraordinary marketing tool that is able to reach nearly any user. The Internet phenomenon has become a source for gathering timely information and converting data into profitable results at a faster rate for many firms and individuals in this revolutionary era of the twentieth century. Participants of the economy from households to foreign markets have found this dynamic phenomenal system to be a way to reach the masses with a large percentage of the Earth's composite knowledge. Examines the revolutionary impact of the Internet on the discipline of marketing for the next decade and next century.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 85-94 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: It is widely assumed - and frequently asserted - that university communication practices are being radically transformed by the introduction of electronic communication. Explores the introduction of Internet access in a single university, the University of Canberra, located in the capital city of Australia. The prime objective was to identify the frequency and type of use that academic staff were making of the Internet during 1995, with supplementary objectives being to record perceptions of users toward the Internet, and barriers to its effective use. The principal finding is not unexpected: academics were making very varied use of the Internet. Some staff were utilizing some facilities on a daily basis; others were yet to begin exploring this new communication medium. A particular surprise was that at the time of this survey the Internet was being used very little for teaching.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 109-115 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Presents a model which organizations can use to monitor Web site effectiveness. Argues that anecdotal evidence can be colorful but is not useful in structuring and managing an effective site. Suggests that traditional disciplines of composition and communication - explicit purpose, coherent structure, relevant conclusion - should be applied to Web site design. Concludes that customer feedback must be managed in a disciplined way, by ensuring that feedback is representative of the customer population as a whole, not just of those with a propensity to comment; and that the purpose and aims of a Web site must be thought through with the utmost care and attention to give a higher likelihood of creating an effective site.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 101-108 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Analyzes the Internet as a reference tool based on its ability to provide rapid access to authoritative information or sources of information. Reveals that the Internet provides no comprehensive mechanism for identifying quality information. Bibliographic structure is also disparate, making it impossible to adopt a coherent strategy for identifying quality information. A unified service interface would help alleviate this problem. An analysis of the use of the Internet by academic librarians reveals that existing bibliographic structure is not used to best advantage. Simple strategies which would limit these deficiencies, such as the use of electronic mail, are not used. Suitable training, from an introductory to advanced level, would alleviate this problem. Suggests the use of an amended version of Benson's decision tree as a pedagogical tool. This model would help to decide when to use the Internet and suggest search paths for different question types.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 116-119 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses "smart cards" as electronic cash carriers. Examines technological innovations such as the Mondex "electronic purse" in the UK, where card values can be topped up by telephone. Forecasts that in the next few years, physical cash will be replaced as a main medium for transactions by "e-cash," which is cheaper to manufacture, more portable, and more versatile.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 120-128 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Financial services is undergoing a period of unprecedented change - new products, new entrants, mergers and acquisitions, downsizing ... and now another new delivery channel: the Internet. The performance attributes of the Internet are related to both the needs of consumers and the nature of financial services products. Suggests loans, cross-border services, payments and "knowledge/advice" as areas of opportunity in the early development of this new marketplace. Explores scenarios for the future development of "bancassurer" offerings and for electronic commerce as a whole. Draws on some of Hyperion's recent experience in helping to launch electronic commerce services on the Internet, reengineering of financial institutions and electronic cash, to suggest approaches for organizations wishing to participate in this new "marketspace." While businesses can now begin to develop strategies for exploiting cyberspace, argues that existing organizational structures may be inappropriate.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 161-169 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Develops detailed marketing strategy recommendations for online commerce based on the general popularity of the Internet, the unique nature of doing business there, and how its attributes may be utilized for a successful marketing presence.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 129-152 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses strategies for implementing modern knowledge management curricula in academic programs for adult professionals. References the perspectives of multidisciplinary curricula covering information and society; multimedia and hypermedia; electronic information design and presentation; and infrastructure development and implementation. The analysis assumes the increasing involvement of highly trained professionals in adult education programs; the continuing growth of corporate universities in scope and breadth; the integration of corporate programs with traditional colleges and universities; and the increasing use of the Internet as a mechanism to coordinate, supplement, support, and integrate learning experiences. Advances historical and pedagogical methodologies as a means to provide perspective and structure for program development and future research. References an information technology (IT) program for mid-career information managers in Northern California and serving the high-technology area known as Silicon Valley.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 189-194 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Documents the sequence of steps taken in setting up a cross-cultural management course, and making extensive use of the Internet to add to the reality of the experience for fourth-year and MBA students who, like most university students, have access to the Internet, a communication medium that allows inexpensive contact with other cultures.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 170-188 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Analyzes a national random telephone survey, carried out in October 1995, on the motivations for and barriers to Internet usage. Eight percent of the random sample reported being Internet users, while surprisingly another 8 percent reported being former users. In total, 85 percent of respondents reported having heard of the Internet. The survey showed evidence of a digital divide, Internet users being generally wealthier and more highly educated, and blacks and Hispanics disproportionately unaware of the Internet. Social and work networks appear to be important for stimulating interest in the Internet and providing users with support. As to reasons for using the Internet, socio-personal development appears to be the key driver, while nonusers have a decidedly different set of beliefs about the Internet's value. As to the barriers to Internet usage, even experienced users find it difficult to get started, which confirms other studies of this topic. Barriers include cost and difficulties in understanding how to use the Internet. Concludes that the results of the survey indicate that people strongly desire an easier-to-use Internet.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 195-200 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines current and planned practices and the major benefits of communication-intensive information system applications. The Internet, once a government-controlled, tax-supported endeavor, is no longer restricted to noncommercial traffic. Contends that business use of the Internet has grown rapidly over the last several years, yet information technology managers still struggle to evaluate the contribution of this new technology in their organizations. Surveys were sent to a random selection of 500 companies to analyze current use and impact of the Internet in a business setting. Reports on the variety of expected values to be derived from use of the Internet indicated by respondents.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 201-207 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers that, in addition to all the positive attributes of the Internet, negatives are bound to emerge. Negative influences include the ability of children to access information that is not suitable for their age and the absence of laws or legal legislation to limit this access to the material. Laws are in existence prohibiting young people under the age of 18 years from accessing sexually explicit or sexually deviant materials. The problem with the Internet is the fact that there is no sanction limiting people from posting material of this kind. Warns that as an increasing number of children get online, solutions to these controversial issues must be discussed openly.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 208-216 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Knowledge of the Internet Protocol (IP) address is essential for connection establishment in certain classes of synchronous distributed applications, such as Internet telephony and video-conferencing systems. A problem of dynamic IP addressing arises when the connection to the Internet is through an Internet service provider, since the IP address is dynamically allocated only at connection time. Proposes and draws a contrast between a number of generic methods that can be classified as online and offline methods for the resolution of dynamic IP addressing. Online methods, which include the World Wide Web, exchange server and the dynamic Domain Name System, are only effective when both the caller and recipient are logged on to the Internet. On the other hand, offline methods, which include electronic mailing and directory service look-up, provide an additional means to allow the caller to leave messages when the recipient is not logged on to the Internet. Of these methods, the dynamic Domain Name System and directory service look-up appear to be the best for resolving dynamic IP addressing.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 246-251 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses some of the limitations of virtual reality (VR) with reference to socio-technical systems - the interaction of people with technology. Argues that VR has potential applications but that these applications may prove to be more limited than some proponents would suggest. Points to a significant opportunity for VR technology to be used in strategic partnership marketing and supply chain management.
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  • 62
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 15-27 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Standard approaches to price decisions are normally illustrated asstep-by-step developments that try to group pricing issues loosely intosome format. These current approaches do not emphasize the interactionof consumer characteristics with the competitive environment of eachmarket. Describes a modified version of the Tellis Price Strategy Matrixto enable coordinated market issues and company strategies by directingemphasis on pricing issues and techniques that are appropriate andeffective, given the consumers' (or segment's) as well as the company'sobjectives, as constrained by the competitive nature of the product'smarket. By using this type of matrix as a guide, product managers canquickly evaluate the appropriate issues of concern for a given pricingdecision and then progress toward a pricing decision with moreconfidence.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 42-49 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Offers two new practical mechanisms on how best to ensure a brand'sfuture viability: developing a key brand insurance strategy andmeasuring return on brand investments (ROBI). A key brand insurancestrategy is a defensive strategy companies should use to help combat anumber of threats a brand may face over its lifetime. This strategyallows companies to take a proactive, not reactive, stance. Measuringreturn on brand investment gives companies a simple formula for chartingtheir brand's success internally and externally. ROBI forces companiesto look regularly at their brand from several different perspectives.These two tools will ultimately help to strengthen the future of thebrand.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 37-41 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes how, three years after the fall of the communist government inCzechoslovakia, NOVA, the first privately owned commercial televisionstation in Central Europe began broadcasting throughout the recentlyformed Czech Republic. The primary challenge was to position the newstation successfully as a clearly differentiated brand in a market whichhad never previously experienced television as anything other than agovernment-controlled commodity. The station's management sought toestablish itself with the Czech television audience as the nation'sbroadcast brand of choice by utilizing substantial numbers of Hollywoodhit motion pictures and popular US television series, as well aspresenting news shows which were significantly more irreverent andindependent than the competing government-sponsored stations. Prior tolaunch, the station management executed the most intense nationaladvertising and promotion campaign ever utilized to promote a mediaproduct in the Czech Republic.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 50-62 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Earlier research on this topic focussed on the adoption of an innovationin isolation from other innovations. Analyzes the cumulative effects ofearlier innovations on the adoption of future innovations in the sameproduct class. It is proposed that innovators move through a series ofstages, the innovator buying cycle, driven by an internal dynamic.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 5-7 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As the European Union issues Directives to standardize measures taken byindividual member states to reduce environmental waste in the process ofpackaging, examines the marketing of branded spirits in Europeanduty-free situations in order to determine whether consumers face aconflict between purchasing on the basis of environmental issues or the"giftability" of the product. Found that customers were more motivated byprice and brand loyalty than on packaging or green issues.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 19-26 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Traces the diffusion of palm oil by a joint venture company in Indonesiaduring the early 1980s. The diffusion framework provided by E.M. Rogersis examined in this context. The author relates his personalobservations over the course of two years and arrives at certainconclusions. In keeping with Rogers' framework, characteristics of theinnovation and change agent effort were critical in the diffusion.However, Rogers' two-step model of diffusion was not relevant in thiscase. A one-step model of diffusion is recommended for the marketing ofindustrial products where knowledge of the innovation is considered tobe proprietary information and is not spread through interpersonalnetworks.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 8-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Codifies a unique marketing and valuation principle: the exclusive valueprinciple (EVP). This principle relates value creation to "psychicspace". Psychic needs can create enormous margins and other benefits.One can influence price/demand as well a create, stimulate, or helpdefine a need for a customer. Attractive margins result from psychicneeds as opposed to pure utility fulfilment. Focuses on psychic needsand relationships to price, margins, risk, value. Provides an overviewof psychic dimensions and a multidimensional characterization ofutility-psychic space. Principles and perspectives offered are useful inidentifying evaluating, targeting and focussing marketing strategy,plans and in product/service design and delivery of customer needs.Recognition of special factors related to psychological dimensions arecritical in matching products and services to needs and are fundamentalto delivering products and services in the exclusive value category thatoffer unusual opportunities for profit. Relates the principle tomargins, risk assessment, and the opportunity to garner attractiveeconomic profits. Gives overview of factors that give rise to psychicneeds, needs satisfaction, and opportunities for market exploitation.Discusses factors that affect the application of the EVP. Givesguidelines useful to determine if the EVP will be of value to your firm.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 27-38 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Uses a qualitative research method (depth interviews) to examine themultidimensionality of beauty and then uses a quantitative researchtechnique (factor analysis) to propose a scale to measure beauty. Basedon the results from these procedures, concludes that beauty is certainlymore than skin deep. Physical attractiveness may be the initialcriterion on which people evaluate beauty but the evidence indicatesthat values, habits, personality, and behavior are the "soul? of beauty– essential ingredients in the creation of a truly beautiful person.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 39-50 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The 1992 America's Cup featured 12 competitors from ten countriessailing high technology boats at an early stage of development. Thecontest provides a dynamic model of patterns of international hightechnology competition. Utilizes the America's Cup campaign as a casestudy to illustrate lessons for product design in early stages oftechnological development in international arenas.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 51-58 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The controversy as to whether or not advertising impairs the efficientfunctioning of markets because it acts as a "barrier" to new firms wishingto enter a market has once again attracted the interest of the UKcompetition authorities. Looks at the advertising and barrier to entryissue as seen in a number of Monopolies and Mergers Commissioninvestigations. Concludes that the conventional negative view ofadvertising needs to be tempered by the positive role played byadvertising in facilitating actual entry, and suggests that insofar asthere are a number of other factors which may inhibit market entry it isnecessary to look at this issue "in the round" rather than from one narrowperspective.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 15-30 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Faculty internships in business organizations are becoming a popularmeans to satisfy the criticism that too many business professors lackrecent, relevant experience. Offers encouragement to, and reasons for,marketing educators and business people to consider seriously facultyinternships as a means to bridge the gulf between marketing educationand business practice. Discusses how faculty internships should bestructured and implemented and the advantages, as well as problems, ofinternships for academic institutions, firms, professors and students.Uses the author's recent experience as a faculty intern in a well-knownpackage goods company as an example and discusses lessons learned fromthe experience. Provides observations on differences between thecollege world and the corporate world.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 5-14 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Unmentionable products are those that are considered to be offensive,embarrassing, harmful, socially unacceptable, or controversial to somesignificant segment of the population. Examples of these productsinclude personal hygiene products, cigarettes, and even fur coats.Describes empirical research, based on a cross-sectional survey of 248subjects, which provides a taxonomy of these products. Objectives ofthe research were to determine if unmentionable products still exist;and to assist brand marketers with market strategies. Two key factorswere found to group unmentionable products together: level ofcontroversy/harm; and level of communication. There were two groups ofunmentionable products based on this classification:controversial/harmful and public communication; and beneficial andprivate communication. Certain products were not unmentionable.Managerial implications include careful target market segmentation,particularly for controversial/public products. For beneficial privateproducts, high quality and accurate information is critical.Unmentionable products still exist after 14 years, and both the conceptitself and the determining factors are timeless, even though specificproducts will change over time.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 44-54 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Patent law is a topic that seems to frighten many managers, who seem tohave largely abdicated the topic to engineers and attorneys. Presents anoverview and analysis of patents to help educate managers on this topic.Discusses patent application, patent strategy, patents and the marketingmix, and patent control.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 66-69 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the product development process, marketing research is often usedinappropriately. To be useful, marketing research must be focussed onquestions to which the answers improve decision making; and marketersshould realize that marketing research may do more harm than good whenprospective customers do not yet know what they want, which is often thecase. Furthermore, too many companies waste time and money inquiringinto customer needs and wants and product performance criteria that areperfectly obvious.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 55-65 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The phenomenon of product piracy, when examined against differentcultural, social and developmental needs, may result in a moderation oftraditional moral judgments that have tended to deprecate piracy atevery conceivable opportunity. Outlines the magnitude of product piracy,notably in the Asian region, presents a delineation of the relevantterminology, discusses strategies used in preventing product piracy andexamines alternative views on the ethics of the practice.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 31-43 
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    Notes: Reviews the Australian National Heart Foundation's "Pick the Tick" foodendorsement program. The program is seen by the Foundation as part ofits mission to promote the kind of healthy living that is conducive toimproving the heart health of all Australians and reducing disabilityand premature death from heart and blood vessel disease. In this articlethe program is not evaluated in those terms but in terms of what isrequired for a successful brand in a marketplace. The program is shownto possess the attributes associated with a successful brand. As such itdemonstrates that promotion programs themselves can be branded. Alsodemonstrates an interesting extension of marketing techniques developedfor soap and subsequently extended to most product types, to the fieldof social marketing by a not-for-profit organization and specifically tothe promotion of an important aspect of public health.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 7-17 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: An enormous volume of literature has evolved which promisesremedies for any organization's new product development woes.Unfortunately, new product development is an inherently uncertain andcomplex process which is generally not amenable to standardizedsolutions. Based on extensive consulting experience, addresses threecommonly held misconceptions regarding the new product developmentprocess. Provides examples to illustrate each of the misconceptions andpresents the lesson to be learned from each. Finally, discussesrecommendations for management.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 26-32 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses and contrasts the theories of double jeopardy and brandequity. A model of attitudes, habit, brand loyalty and brand equityoutcomes is proposed in order to reconcile the two theories. Results ofa study designed to test the model are presented. Results indicatesupport for both theories of brand equity and double jeopardy since bothdirect and indirect relationships were found between attitudes/habit andbrand equity outcomes. The indirect relationships were mediated by theconcept of brand loyalty. Implications for managers are discussed.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 18-25 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Looks in depth at the development of the marketing mix using the 4Ps - product, price, promotion and place, to meet target needs.Also investigates courses offered and required in marketing, anddiscusses the most appropriate ones for the students involved.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 33-55 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most recent work in the area of new product development has been ofa theoretically prescriptive basis, ignoring, to a large degree, thecurrent state of affairs in US corporations. The study examines, on acomparative basis, consumer and business products organizations,practices being utilized to guide the development process and keyfactors influencing the success/failure of the process. Results from anempirical study reveal that: (1) there is no one best means to structurethe process; (2) top management commitment to and support of the processis a critical factor; (3) knowledge of markets and customers remainselusive; and (4) more similarities than differences exist between thepractices undertaken by and the factors influencing success/failure inconsumer versus business products organizations.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 7-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The effectiveness of marketing activities in firms with productmanagement is, in part, determined by the extent to which theorganizational structure is aligned with the uncertainties in themarketplace. Investigates the relationship between various dimensions offirm's marketing organizational structure (i.e. centralization,formalization and structural differentiation) and the degree to whichthe product manager confronts environmental uncertainty. Claims theempirical results indicate that the organizational structure whichapplies to the product manager is related to uncertainty in the marketenvironment of the firm and that product managers' authority is notmatched to the degree of uncertainty in the environment. Discusses theimplications of these results in terms of the product manager'sperformance in varying organizational structures.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 19-26 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The introduction of the original Mazda 323 five-door into the SouthAfrican market in 1977 launched the brand from virtual obscurity toinstant success. The 323 became the top selling derivative in thecountry and the brand became a household name. However, during the 1980sthe brand's equity steadily eroded and it was perceived to be a staid,boring marque with a poor image. Describes how the brand wassuccessfully revitalized in the early 1990s. Draws a distinction betweenrevitalization and the successful "renaissance" advertisingstrategy. Reviews the outcome of the renaissance campaign, ini additionto Mazda's current performance, concluding that the brand has beensuccessfully revived - to the point that Mazda's market share inSouth Africa is the highest achieved by the brand anywhere in the world.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 56-63 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Business faces formidable challenges in the 1990s. With thesechallenges will come greater requirements for relevant marketinformation, quality offerings, increased productivity, leadership, andconsumer orientation. As new technology and computers are designed tohelp meet the ever-increasing information needs of society, personal,professional, and industrial consumers will search for better ways toidentify the computers and related high-tech products which will enablethem to meet their individual and organizational needs. In this search,consumers will look for traditional brand name recognition of newproducts, user friendliness, functionability, and product positioningthat meets their individual expectations. Examines the emergence ofbrands in the marketing of computers and related high-tech products soas to explore the trends of developments in this vital area.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 27-37 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews how the DuPont Lycra division is focussing more on globalbrand management starting with the development of a new worldwideadvertising campaign for Lycra in women's apparel. Describes how aninternational team selected the winning advertising theme and agency viateleconferencing. Discusses results of a uniform worldwide consumeradvertising campaign and the cost savings as a result of the reductionin the number of advertising agencies. Presents the backgroundinformation on how DuPont Fibers Department has used product, category,and brand management and discusses the future implications.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 49-60 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There has been overwhelming discussion about the death of theproduct management system. Focusses on how the product management systemis changing, and how firms can best anticipate and manage this change.Claims organizational change is inevitable and that marketingorganizations must anticipate and prepare for it. Concludes that productmanagement is not dead - merely evolving and at a rapid pace, andthat punctuated equilibrium provides a useful model for productmanagement for the next "equilibrium" period.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 38-48 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Private label brands may be in danger as a result of recent changesin the marketing strategies used by private label firms. The primarycompetitive advantage of private label brands, good quality at lowprices, may be lost if private label firms continue to modify and expandhow their brands are marketed. Specifically, changes in private labelbrands' advertising, packaging, sales promotion, and product improvementstrategies indicate that private label brands are moving closer thanever to manufacturer brand status. To the extent that these changesresult in higher average retail prices and/or lower gross margins forretailers, the advantages of private brands to both consumers anddistributors will diminish, illustrating that the historical"wheel of retailing" hypothesis may be applicable to privatelabel brands. Investigates the aforementioned trends and providessuggestions for manufacturers and retailers for future brand managementstrategies.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 15-22 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Profiles heavy buyers of store brand products and compares themwith light buyers in terms of demographics, socio-economic, andattitudinal variables. The results suggest that younger, unmarried, andsmaller sized households tend to avoid store brands. As compared withheavy buyers, light buyers of store brands are less familiar with themand perceive them to be of lower quality, less value for money and asriskier choices.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 6-14 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Social values represent desired end states of being or desirablebehaviors such as self-respect, warm relations with others, orexcitement. These abstract social cognitions help shape productattitudes and through them guide overt behavior. Empirical research hassupported this theoretical structure of values-attitudes-behavior, butonly for a relatively few high involvement products. A sample of 323adult women shoppers rated the importance of the nine social values fromthe list of values; reported their attitudes toward snack foods,convenience foods, and cooking; and described purchase frequencies for avariety of foods. The shoppers' food attitudes were consistentlyassociated with self-reported food purchases. Moreover, ratings ofseveral values were associated with attitudes toward snack foods and useof convenience foods, suggesting that social values may influence buyerbehavior for low as well as high involvement products. The findings haveimplications for food marketers who want to promote their products moreeffectively, consumer theorists who want to understand the impact ofvalues on consumer behavior, and public makers who would like toinfluence food expenditures by consumers.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 23-34 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In an increasingly competitive marketplace, greater emphasis isbeing placed on brand image development as the basis for consumerdiscrimination. Advertising has a central role to play in developingbrand image, whether at the corporate, retail or product level. Itinforms consumers of the functional capabilities of the brand whilesimultaneously imbuing the brand with symbolic values and meaningsrelevant to the consumer. These two functions of advertising closelyparallel the informational and transformational schools of advertisingeffects and theories on the central and peripheral routes to consumerpersuasion. Such dichotomous approaches to explanation are unlikely torepresent the reality of consumer choice in that brand image is likelyto be formed by the simultaneous absorption of advertising messagesbased on both the functional and expressive capabilities of brands.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 35-47 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most existing product innovation-decision models view decisionmaking from a very cognitive perspective in that they presume thatdecision to adopt a new product is preceded by steps that parallelproduct information procurement and evaluation. Argues that such anapproach is unnecessarily limiting given that a substantial proportionof individuals do not base their decisions on attribute processing, evenfor relatively complex products. Critically evaluates two of the mostwidely cited adoption models and based on this analysis proposes a moreholistic model that incorporates real world decision factors, andpresents its managerial implications.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 5-13 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Organizational conflict mediates management and innovator interestin commercializing technology. Issues (or circumstances) resulting fromconflicting goals should be considered by companies in developingpolicies toward laboratory-generated technology. These issues includewhere the technology was developed, relationship with the laboratory'sactivity, "deliberateness" of the discovery, protectability,exclusive rights, processes versus products, maturation necessary, andcost to commercialization. Companies must weigh these issues in decidingto work with laboratories on innovations or continued commercialdevelopment.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 48-55 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Branding is an effective marketing strategy tool that has been usedwith frequent success in the past. Today, branding is experiencing a newpopularity resulting from new, innovative applications. Although therehave been instances where branding has been less than successful,marketers are beginning to find the appropriate applications in a givensetting. Issues and problems concerning branding strategy today includethe selection of a brand name. This fundamental issue will impact on thesuccess of a branding strategy. Once a name is selected, marketers haveto choose the advertising strategy to support and communicate the name.Finally, keeping the brand in a strong position is a critical concern.New areas of branding include corporate, industrial, and servicebranding. These nontraditional branding environments are becoming thefuture for marketers using branding strategy. To add to the new brandingareas, there are new branding techniques. These techniques include brandextensions and ingredient branding. New strategies, techniques, andarenas for branding have to be managed. The organization must supportand identify with the strategy. The goals, objectives, and mission ofany organization should be in line with the branding strategy employed.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 14-20 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Points out that since consumers are seldom familiar with all thecompeting brands or the attributes of these brands, brand uncertaintyexists in every market. Presents theoretical and empirical evidence fromseveral disciplines to demonstrate that brand uncertainty affects brandattitudes and preferences, and consequently affects brand performance.Demonstrates the importance of actively managing brand uncertainty.Identifies and discusses marketing tools that can be used to reducebrand uncertainty at different stages in the consumer decision process.Discusses how managers can modify these tools to deal withhigh-involvement versus low-involvement products, how these tools shouldbe scheduled for maximum impact, and the amount of control managers haveover each tool.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 21-33 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study examines how brand- and country-related intangibleassets influence the market shares of brands and their marketingeffectiveness (particularly price effectiveness). Using the case of thesmall car segment, seems to provide some interesting implications forbrand management in global markets where the intangible assetsassociated with brand and country names are important. Found that acountry name (e.g. Japanese name) produces positive value to brandsoriginating from particular countries. Documents that long-termpopularity positively influences brands' short-term market shares andmarketing effectiveness. Also discovers that a brand can generatepositive brand-specific assets, i.e. brand popularity, without apositive country name equity. Discusses managerial implications andrecommendations, within the context of global competition.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 34-48 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the link between AIDS and marketing for companies, andthe effect this has had on conventional and unconventional products.Defines three levels of marketing "unmentionables": taste,ethical and legal. Owing to the subject-matter, language and images usedin anti-AIDS campaigns, marketing has new freedom and can use its powerto shock the public. Concludes that, although some topics which werepreviously unmentionable are now acceptable, society continues toproduce new taboos.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 49-64 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Due to increasing global competition, the issue ofcountry-of-origin has received a great deal of attention recently.Examines country-of-origin image stereotyping by businesspeople in theGulf States of the Middle East. Assesses the attitude of businesspeopletoward various products of seven countries: the USA, Japan, Germany,England, France, Italy and Taiwan, that are the most active in the GulfStates. To develop effective global marketing strategies, firms requiredecisionmaking support in the form of information about the perceptionof their products in the international markets. The study found thatcountry-of-origin stereotyping is present in the Gulf States market. Thestudy provided evidence that "Made in the USA, Japan, andGermany" clearly emerged as most favoured countries of origin. Inaddition, the image of English products trailed behind products fromother European countries except Italy. Profile differences were analyzedstatistically. Age, education, sex, and income level were variouslyrelated to consumers' attitudes to products made in different countries.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 65-68 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports on a preliminary study which examined the impact ofmembership fees on consumer attitude and choice. Consumers participatedin a computerized simulated shopping experiment in which repetitivechoices were made from a set of videotape rental stores. Paying amembership fee had a short-term impact on attitudes and choice. It issuggested that it is often a wise practice for retailers to buildmembership fees (even very small ones) into their pricing structure.Paying such a fee appears to make consumers resistant to the offers ofcompetitors in the short run and may provide some insulation fromcompetitive attacks.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 6-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: States that the ongoing success of a mature product depends largely on the product manager's ability to identify creative new ways to market the product. Suggests that one reason why many marketing programs lack creative initiatives is that product managers operate under significant time pressure, and time pressure kills creativity. Highlights four business practices (formal planning process, use of teams, interaction with other functional areas, experience with the product category) which were expected to help product managers to cope with time pressure. Finds, however, through a survey of consumer goods product managers, that only experience with the product category worked as expected. Concludes, therefore, that top management must directly reduce time pressure by examining policies on practices such as frequent product reassignment and downsizing, and the proliferation of line extensions.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 19-28 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Points out that, although blind tests have generally revealed that consumers can detect little difference between store brand and national brand products, private brands still only have a small market share (14.9 percent). Using an environmental psychology model as the study framework, which postulates a stimulus-response process, examines the effects of store atmosphere on consumer evaluations of private brand grocery products. Analyzes the results which show that store aesthetics do influence consumer perceptions of store brand quality. Discusses the managerial implications of the findings and the limitations of the study, and makes suggestions for future research.
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