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  • Articles  (627)
  • Emerald  (627)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2000-2004  (326)
  • 1995-1999  (301)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (627)
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  • Articles  (627)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement in cooking quality of soybean (glycine max) by presoaking treatment with enzyme (lipase) solution (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 8-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Presoaking treatment of partially defatted soy dhal in water or enzyme (lipase) solution for one, two and four hours decreased the cooking time substantially. When soy dhal was soaked in water for one, two and four hours, it resulted in 0 per cent, 1.24 per cent and 6.17 per cent decrease in cooking time over the unsoaked soy dhals, respectively. Soaking defatted soy dhal in lipase enzyme solution at three different concentrations, i.e. 0.5 per cent, 0.75 per cent and 1.0 per cent reduced the cooking time from 62.96 per cent to 74.69 per cent, over the control (unsoaked soy dhal) depending on the presoaking period. As the soaking period was increased from one to four hours irrespective of the concentration used, decrease in cooking time was observed. Maximum decrease in cooking time was found with soaking in 1 per cent concentration of lipase solution for four hours. There were non-significant differences between the organoleptic scores of water soaked and enzyme soaked dhal. However, sensory scores of soy dhal were slightly improved by lipase enzyme soaking when compared to water soaked soy dhal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516153
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 2 - Fat (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Parkinson's disease (PD) affects up to one in ten of those over 80 and is currently incurable. Much current research focus on the preclinical period of damage and it is believed that diet may affect the development of the disease. This paper is the second in a series on diet and PD and outlines the effect dietary fat may have on disease prevalence. Initial dietary analysis studies indicated that fat intake appeared to be associated with raised incidences of PD, this probably being due to animal rather than vegetable fat. Results indicated that animal fat was associated with an up to fivefold increased risk of PD whereas vegetable fat did not appear to affect incidence. More recent evidence questions this finding, as, whilst a similar trend exists, the statistical significance is not strong. Likewise the study methodology is all retrospective and could introduce significant recall bias. Nonetheless, it would be recommended that individuals at risk of PD should alter their fat intake in favour of vegetable fat, whilst reducing overall levels in line with healthy eating guidelines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544828
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy requirements for palm-kernel oil processing operations (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 166-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Direct energy utilization in nine palm-kernel oil (PKO) mills located in Southwestern Nigeria was analyzed. The mills were stratified into small, medium and large-scale categories, based on their modes of operations and production capacities. Evaluation of energy usage was carried out in the seven readily defined unit operations namely: palm-nut drying, palm-nut cracking, palm-kernel roasting, palm-kernel crushing, PKO expression, PKO sifting and PKO bottling/pumping. PKO extraction rates in the three mill categories were evaluated. The average PKO extraction rate for small, medium and large mills were 48.45 percent, 42.68 percent and 36.24 percent, respectively. The total energy expenditure in small, medium and large-scale PKO mills were 350.89MJ/tonne, 230.70MJ/tonne and 181.74MJ/tonne, respectively. This suggests that the unit energy requirement for PKO output decreases as mill capacity increases. The four most highly energy-intensive operations identified were palm-nut cracking, palm-kernel roasting, palm-kernel crushing and PKO expression, altogether accounting for 95.29, 92.14 and 93.65 percent of total energy used in small, medium and large-scale mills, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544864
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre- and post-expiry metal levels in canned dry milk (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 65-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Levels of 12 metals (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni) were estimated in 19 different imported brands of unexpired and expired canned dry milk available from local markets. The HNO3/HClO4-based wet digestion method was used for the analysis of the samples by the FAAS technique under optimum analytical conditions. Of the macronutrients, Ca showed highest at 1,144?µg/g in the dry milk from Holland. In the case of micronutrients, Fe showed the maximum level at 119.15?µg/kg in the milk from UK. Cr dominated at 23.19?µg/kg compared with other heavy toxic trace elements. The following order of decreasing concentration was observed for both unexpired and expired milk: Ca 〉 Na 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Fe 〉 Zn 〉 Cr 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Cd. All the trace elements were found to have 100 per cent incidence of occurrence. The expired milk samples showed enhanced levels of Fe, Zn, Cr and Pb by a factor of 1.2-1.6 on average. The results of the metal contents were compared with those for fresh cow milk. The data were statistically evaluated to find bivariate correlation between the metals in pre- and post-expiry milks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529023
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast food: dietary perspectives (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 80-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Consideration is given to the fast food debate in the context of a healthy diet. Fast food products readily available in retail outlets in the London area are reported on. It is apparent from this exercise that consumers can make informed choices in accord with the Balance of Good Health. Quantitative ingredient declarations on packaging clearly show, which foods are present in the order of percentage in the food product. Further information is provided through nutritional labelling. Lifestyles which demand fast foods are possibly a risk factor for gastrointestinal disturbances through eating quickly as opposed to eating fast foods per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529050
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 1 - vitamin E (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 102-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Whilst Parkinson's disease (PD) remains incurable recent evidence has suggested that diet may have a role in delaying the onset of symptoms and/or reducing the risk of developing the disease. This paper is the first in a series on diet and PD and outlines the effect that vitamin E may have on the prevalence of the disease. Results have indicated that a doubled intake of vitamin E has been associated with a reduction in disease incidence of up to 70 per cent, possibly due to reducing the effects of oxidative stress. Raised intake of peanuts and salad dressing has also associated with a reduced risk of PD. Although no guaranteed protection can be conferred by vitamin E intake it can be recommended that individuals at risk of PD could increase their intake as it may be of benefit and is unlikely to be harmful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536700
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cocoa powder extract on plasma glucose levels in hyperglycaemic rats (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 116-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was carried out to examine the effect of cocoa extract (CE) on plasma glucose levels in hyperglycaemic rats induced with streptozotocin. Three concentrations of CE were used to study its effect on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In the normal group, CE at 0.5 per cent concentration had significantly reduced the glucose level (p〈0.05) at 0 and 60?min, 1.0 per cent at 0 (p〈0.05), 60 (p〈0.01) and 180?min (p〈0.01), 3.0 per cent at 60 (p〈0.05) and 180?min (p〈0.01) as compared to control. In hyperglycaemic group, 3.0 per cent CE had reduced the glucose level significantly (p〈0.05) at 60 as compared to control. Based on the results from OGTT, 3.0 per cent concentration was used to evaluate the effect of CE in a 2-week study. There was no significant difference in reduced plasma glucose levels and lipid profiles in hyperglycaemic and normal rats, which were given basal diet enriched with 3.0 per cent CE extracted from cocoa powder as compared to the control (basal diet).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536737
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional aspects of breast milk (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An attempt has been made to appraise the nutritional uniqueness of breast milk for infants. Colostrum, being rich in nutritional attributes, must be offered to infants after birth. Advantages proclaimed by breast milk are better digestibility, absorption, intestinal and brain development and protection of children from getting over-weight. Feeding of fresh breast milk rather than stored or boiled milk is suggested to avoid nutritional losses. Human milk does not completely satisfy the nutritional requirement of infants over three months old and is required to be supplemented with solid foods. Technological innovations made in commercial infant milk powder have not been able to meet the critical nutritional requirements of infants. Since no formulae can duplicate breast milk completely, governmental regulations therefore should stress the importance of breast feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544837
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) fruit anthracnose in the humid forest region of south-western Nigeria (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The etiology of fruit anthracnose in hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens) was investigated at Ibadan, Osogbo, and Ikenne in the lowland forest zone of western Nigeria. Collectotrichum capsici (Synd) Butler & Bisby was found associated with the fruit anthracnose of hot pepper in all locations. Out of 300 plants examined in all the locations, over 70 per cent had fruit anthracnose, while in some pepper fields all the fruits produced had the disease symptom. The pathogen overseasoned in pepper plant debris. A high inoculum population of 4.9×106?g-1 colony forming units/g was estimated in the soil of pepper fields. The seed from the infected hot pepper fruits also carried propergules of the pathogen. The fungus was also found on Lycopersicon esculentus, C. annum and Vigna unguiculata growing in and around the pepper fields. Pepper fruits infection by the disease occurs during the peak of the rainy season beginning in patches which spread later, resulting in extensive infection of the pepper field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536755
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Health Education Trust and the health of young people today and tomorrow (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Health Education Trust (HET) was created to promote the development of health education for young people in the UK through work with young adults and children to encourage the growth of healthy lifestyles. This paper reviews the work of the HET Web site, www.healthedtrust.com The Trust has recently developed its Web site with the aim of facilitating easy access to practical information, policy updates, research news and examples of good practice for all who are interested and concerned about young people's health issues. Through utilising the Web site it is hoped that beneficial information and ideas will be spread more quickly and put into practice elsewhere, thus enabling swifter progress towards healthier lifestyles for our children. This paper describes current Web site activities, which in themselves, provide a keyhole through to exploring the rapidly evolving field of activities, both central and national, all geared towards addressing the health and wellbeing of young people today and for tomorrow. The paper will be useful to any professionals who have a role to play, or an interest, perhaps as a parent, in the area of nutrition and lifestyle education for young people. The more information available and general "noise" relating to good nutrition, healthy lifestyles and the practical means to achieving these, the more likely we are to achieve better health for future generations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544846
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Household consumption of stock cubes and stock powder in the Vaal Triangle of SA (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 174-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This is the pilot study of a larger project in which fortification was evaluated in a clinical intervention trial in the Vaal Triangle of South Africa. The main purpose is to determine the suitability of stock cubes and stock powder as possible vehicles for fortification. A questionnaire was developed to determine stock cube and stock powder consumption patterns and handed out to the 802 subjects in the randomly selected sample, after testing for reliability. The results showed that 97 per cent of respondents (n=802) used stock cubes or powder daily in cooking, mainly stews, with the total consumption being 26 per cent chicken, 24 per cent beef, 15 per cent oxtail, 12 per cent mutton, 12 per cent tomato and 11 per cent vegetable. Stock cubes (79 per cent) were more popular than stock powder (21 per cent). From a consumption point of view, compared with other staple foods such as wheat flour, sugar and maize meal, stock cubes and/or stock powder are consumed on a daily basis by 97 per cent respondents and might thus be suitable vehicles for delivering micronutrients to many population groups without major changes in food production or changes in customary diets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544873
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 4 - vitamins and minerals (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 198-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper is the fourth in a series on Parkinson's disease and diet and investigates the role which antioxidant vitamins A and C, niacin and selenium may have on the incidence of the disease. Oxidative stress is believed to be a key factor in the development of PD and all of these have a role in preventing oxidative stress mediated cell damage. Dietary information was obtained via questionnaires. Vitamin C was found to reduce the risk of PD by 40 per cent in one study, although this was not supported by other studies. Niacin was associated with an at least 70 per cent reduced risk of PD incidence in a number of studies. No evidence was found to support a role for vitamin A or selenium. There is a need for further research to support or disprove the roles of these antioxidant vitamins within the aetiology of PD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410560343
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimisation of the utilisation of cashew apple in yogurt production (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cashew apple was used as a nutritional additive in the production of yogurt. The yogurt so produced (CAY-A) had a higher vitamin C content of 53.70g/100ml than both samples B and C with values 14.1/100ml and 19.2g/100ml of vitamin C respectively. The cashew apple fortified yogurt was evaluated for physicochemical parameters like pH, refractive index, dpecific gravity, titratable acidity, ash, moisture, protein and fat and the values 4.10 (pH), 20° Brix soluble solid content, specific gravity 1.023, titratable acidity (0.78g/100ml lactic acid), 0.84 per cent ash, 77.0 per cent moisture, 3.22 per cent protein and 3.2 per cent fat were obtained. The three yogurts produced were presented to ten regular tasters of yogurt for sensory evaluations using Fan Milk yogurt as the reference sample C. Assessors were asked to identify the odd sample. This method was used to determine if ingredient substitution or some other change in the manufacturing process could result in a detectable difference in products. The result obtained indicated that the yogurt into which cashew apple had been added compared favorably with the reference sample in all the attributes evaluated and there was no significant difference at p = 0.05.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516171
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cooking practices (boiling and frying) on the protein and amino acids contents of four selected fishes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 54-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was aimed to estimate and compare the contents of protein and amino acids in raw, boiled and fried fishes of Indian mackerel "kembong" (Rastrelliger kanagurta), sardine (Sardina pilchardus), red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicusx) and black tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Protein contents of raw mackerel, sardine, red and black tilapia were 8.1±0.0, 8.4±0.1, 9.6±0.4 and 9.0±0.0 percent, respectively. In a boiled fish, the protein contents were 7.9±0.1, 7.7±0.0, 7.5±0.1 and 8.9±0.1 percent, respectively, and for a fried fish the values were 8.6±0.5, 8.9±0.1, 9.1±0.2 and 8.4±0.0 percent, respectively. It was found that there was a significant difference (p〈0.01) in the protein content of the raw fish compared to the heat-treated ones for all the fishes. The study detected 17 components of essential amino acids (lysine, histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine and phenylalanine) and non-essential amino acids (arginine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystein and tyrosine) in all the fishes. There was no significant difference in amino acids content among the boiled and fried fishes. In conclusion, heat treatment for five?minutes in boiling water (100°C) and frying for three?minutes in palm oil (160°C) did not alter the quality of protein in all the fishes studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529005
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactive Web-based programs for teaching nutrition (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 77-79 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes four simulations of functions found in a commercial dietary analysis program that are designed to be used in education. These include FitDiets, which illustrates the principle of energy balance and "healthiness" of diets, and programs that present a nutritional quiz, a food label and information on dietetic products.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529041
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapeutic aspects of breast milk (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 108-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An attempt has been made to appraise the therapeutic uniqueness of breast milk for infants. Colostrum being rich in therapeutic attributes must be offered to infants after birth to confer immunity to infective agents in the new environment. Feeding of fresh breast milk rather than stored or boiled milk is suggested to avoid therapeutic losses. Therapeutic advantages proclaimed by breast milk are in prevention of various diseases and allergy. Feeding of infants with infant milk formulae may pose health risks arising from faulty methods of preparation, sterilization of utensils and improper storage conditions of reconstituted milk. Breast milk is considered superior over other modified infant milk formulae owing to its various inherent therapeutic attributes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536719
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  • 17
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    Consumer perceptions of poultry meat: a qualitative analysis (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 122-129 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Consumer studies of meat have tended to use quantitative methodologies providing a wealth of statistically malleable information, but little in-depth insight into consumer perceptions of meat. The aim of the present study was therefore, to understand factors perceived important in the selection of chicken meat, using qualitative methodology. Focus group discussions were tape recorded, transcribed verbatim and content analysed for major themes. Themes arising implied that "appearance" and "convenience" were the most important determinants of choice of chicken meat and these factors appeared to be associated with perceptions of freshness, healthiness, product versatility and concepts of value. A descriptive model has been developed to illustrate the interrelationship between factors affecting chicken meat choice. This study indicates that those involved in the production and retailing of chicken products should concentrate upon product appearance and convenience as market drivers for their products.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536746
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  • 18
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    Legumes and grains are important sources of selenium in the Mauritian vegetarian diet (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 20-24 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article focuses on the selenium (Se) content of 29 legumes and grains available in Mauritius. Selenium was determined using an ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometric method. Results showed that there was considerable variation in the Se content of the legumes and grains that varied from 0.009 ± 0.003µg/g in Dhall Mung (Phaseolus areus) to 1.380 ± 0.003µg/g in Gram Noir (Cicer arietinum). The overall mean Se content of the legumes and grains analysed was 0.231 ± 0.00µg/g. In conclusion, the present study tends to show that legumes and grains are important vehicles of Se intake in the Mauritian diet.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516180
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  • 19
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    Physical fitness and health-related parameters in Flemish life-long vegetarians: a pilot study (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 29-41 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was designed to assess the physical fitness and health status in 36 life-long vegetarians. Besides a general questionnaire a dietary diary was completed and several blood parameters were determined. Physical fitness profile was estimated by testing handgrip strength, leg explosive strength, dynamic abdominal muscle endurance and cardiorespiratory endurance capacity. Body mass and length were measured for the determination of the BMI. The general questionnaire revealed that most of the subjects had healthy lifestyles. Nutritional intakes were not optimal with excess of some nutrients, but equally with some intakes not reaching the recommended daily allowances. Blood profile was normal for all evaluated parameters. Physical performance capacity was rather weak for strength-oriented tasks while a normal cardiorespiratory endurance capacity was measured. Our results indicate that a vegetarian diet is not automatically a healthy diet. Proper food choices need to be made to assure the completeness and to avoid excesses or deficiencies in the diet.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516207
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  • 20
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    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 3 - fruit, vegetables and grains (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 194-197 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Parkinson's disease is an age-related brain disease which is currently incurable. The long period during which damage occurs but symptoms are not evident is a focus of research with an aim to finding ways of reducing damage. This paper is the third in a series of diet and PD and covers the evidence for a role of fruit, vegetables and grains in the development of PD. Evidence is not conclusive but suggests that increasing the consumption of fruit, vegetables and grains may reduce the incidence of PD. A small number of studies have found a positive association between fruit and vegetables and PD but this may be due to chemical contamination. There is a need for further research to be carried out, preferably as part of a large ongoing study, rather than using retospective data, with its inherent bias.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410560352
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    Protein energy malnutrition in complemented breast-fed babies: implications of the timing of complementary feeding (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 206-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The study investigated the association between complementation and protein energy malnutrition among 201 rural and urban women with infants of 0-18 months of age in the Osun State of Nigeria. The infants mothers were interviewed about their child feeding practices and anthropometric measurements were made on the infants. The result indicated growth faltering in infants from one month old in rural areas and from four months old in the urban communities. Stunting was prevalent and underweight and wasting were also noticed in the study population as a consequence of early introduction of complementary foods. The main recommendations were that complementary foods should not be introduced before the infant is four-six months of age and that the complementary foods used presently should be improved nutritionally through a long-term nutritional public education.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410560370
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    An examination of data on the Scottish diet (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 246-252 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This research paper aims to briefly summarize data from the Taylor, Nelson Sofres studies on diet, compiled by Friary Marketing and Consulting Group and make some comparisons with those of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs' National Food Survey for household food consumption. Studies show that the diet of the Scots provides a higher proportion of fat, contains less fruit and vegetables, supplies less energy from foods and beverages, includes a greater proportion of meals eaten out of the home and incorporates considerably more fried foods - both within and outside the home. Notes that 40 per cent of the Scots were of social class D and E. Shows similarities between the NFS data for household food consumption and that of Friary Marketing and Consulting Group. Suggestions are made for improving the diet of the Scots.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410568291
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    Food and residential care in old age (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 83-88 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In Scotland and Finland, a relatively small proportion of older people are in some form of residential care, but their numbers are not insubstantial given generally increased longevity. Moreover, those currently in residential care tend to be among the most vulnerable survivors of their generation. Residential care for older people has always been something of a paradox. The state has extensively recognised the vulnerability of those who can no longer care for themselves, or be cared for by their partner and family. However, provision is seldom adequate for the scale of demand and even commercial provision is characterised by low staffing ratios and unmet training needs. This paper outlines the development of Leonardo funded training materials for use across the European Union.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529069
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    A need for effective health education programme for diabetic patients in Mauritius (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 113-115 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper focuses on the assessment of educational need of diabetic in-patients in medical wards in a regional hospital in Mauritius. Based on a questionnaire survey among 50 diabetic patients admitted to medical wards in a hospital, the present findings showed that the majority of the patients did not know what constitutes a fibre rich diet and were not even aware of their weight or recommended weight. Only half of the study population confirmed that they exercised regularly. Moreover cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were also found to be common among male patients. It was evident from the findings that despite the fact that the patients were aware of the nature of their disease they did not have adequate knowledge regarding the disease state and complications and risks associated with diabetes mellitus. Finally, the present study supports the need for a structured health education programme for in-patients suffering from diabetes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536728
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    Development of minerals-enriched brown flour by utilizing wheat milling by-products (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 161-165 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Brown flour was developed by incorporating different proportions of wheat bran, i.e. 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent into the residual flour (milling by-product of pizza flour). Each treatment of brown flour, wheat bran and whole wheat flour was subjected for proximate composition and iron content. The highest iron content was observed in wheat bran i.e. 64.6mg/kg whereas iron content in different treatments of brown flour ranged from 16.8 to 29.2mg/kg. Phytic acid content ranged from 0.72 to 1.09g/100g in different flour treatments. Chapatties prepared from the respective flour samples were further evaluated for various chemical and sensory attributes. The brown flour prepared by the addition of 10 percent bran showed better performance and was quite comparable with whole wheat flour regarding the proximate and sensory attributes like color, flavor, texture, taste, folding ability, chewing ability and appearance. Moreover, the same sample (T3) had better iron content than whole wheat flour. Chapatties prepared with brown flour containing 10 percent followed by 15 percent bran were of best quality and quite comparable with chapatties prepared from whole wheat flour.
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    Dietary patterns of smokers and non-smokers in the United Arab Emirates (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 179-180 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Data on 203 Emirati men were taken to study the differences among smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers in food intake. Results revealed that there was no statistically significant association between smoking and frequency intake of some common foods. However, smokers were less likely to consume fruits and vegetables, and more likely to consume tea and fish than other groups. Intervention programmes to control smoking should take into consideration the dietary habits and lifestyle of smokers to reduce the risk of chronic diseases among them.
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    A survey of hygiene practices among food vendors in rural areas in Mauritius (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 203-205 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using a questionnaire, assesses the hygienic practices of a group of 50 street food vendors in Mauritius. The findings showed that generally, food vendors were quite aware of hygienic conditions, which have to be respected while handling and preparing foods. However, it was found that the majority of them were not implementing their knowledge into practice and still perceived that their products were of relatively low risk to the consumers. It was also found that for more than half of the vending households, street food vending was the main income provider. Despite the role of health inspectors in promoting awareness of the risks which poor hygiene practices may lead to, findings from the present study highlight the need for further health education of food vendors.
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    The effect of shift-work on food intake and eating habits (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 216-221 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shift work on food intake and eating patterns in order to assess the impact of this on health. A total of 36 shift workers were measured anthropometrically and were asked to complete food diaries for six consecutive days, and a lifestyle questionnaire. The results revealed night workers did not eat more than day workers, but ate smaller meals and snacks over a greater time frame. Night-shift workers revealed significant differences (p〈 0.05) in food intake patterns on work and rest days, while day workers did not. Because shift work is a factor in the timing of food consumption, and typically there is a lack of good food facilities at night, it is suggested that this has the potential to cause difficulties in the establishment of healthy eating patterns. Employers may wish to review the food and dining facilities available for night staff to maximize healthy eating options.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410560398
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    Weight and dieting behavior of college students in Cyprus (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 260-263 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to provide the first report of weight and dieting behaviour of college students in Cyprus. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a convenience sample of 451 students studying at the largest private college in Cyprus. The survey was used to determine the prevalence of inappropriate dieting practices that included use of diet pills, fasting, induced vomiting and laxative use to get rid of food eaten. Body mass index and accuracy of self-perceived weight were also determined. A high rate of underweight among females and a low rate of obesity for all students were found. Students reported unhealthy dieting behaviours including use of diet pills, fasting, induced vomiting and laxative use. The results show that there are serious weight issues for students in Cyprus and indicate that disordered dieting behaviours exist in the Mediterranean.
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    Storage studies of red palm oil fortified cookies (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 272-276 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Use of red palm oil fortified shortening was explored for combating vitamin A deficiency in Pakistan. Six types of cookies were prepared in which normal shortening was progressively replaced at the rate of 20 per cent with RPO fortified shortening. The carotenoids content of cookies varied depending on the content of RPO. A moderate loss was noticed after a 60-day storage. An increase in moisture content was observed, while other chemical characteristics remained unchanged. Sensory analysis showed that cookies containing 40 per cent RPO were most acceptable, while those prepared from 80-100 per cent RPO developed an oily flavour. The best treatment having 40 per cent RPO?+?60 per cent NS provides 344.15 to 312.86 µg/10?g of carotenoids at 0 and 60 days respectively. Recommends that five cookies would provide 40-50 per cent of RDA of vitamin A to school-going children.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410568345
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    The survival of Arcobacter butzleri, an emerging human pathogen, in the presence of acids or ethanol (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 210-215 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The species Arcobacter is related to the well-known human pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, and has been linked to human illness, both by association and epidemiologically. In this study the survival of Arcobacter butzleri in acidic conditions and in ethanol has been investigated. The organism is not able to remain viable in acids below pH4.0 but the actual inhibitory pH depends on acid, growth conditions and growth phase. A. butzleri is able to survive in 10 per cent ethanol in culture and, when attached to stainless steel surfaces, 22.7 per cent of the organisms remain viable and recoverable after swabbing with 5 per cent ethanol compared with a control swabbed with water. The fact that this organism is able to survive under these conditions may have an impact in the food processing industry.
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    Implications of low red meat consumption for iron status of young people in Britain (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 253-259 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to decide whether consumption of red and processed meat is associated with iron intakes and/or iron status among young people in Britain. Data from The National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Young People Aged 4-18 Years was used. A total of 1,169 respondents completed a seven-day weighed dietary record and provided a blood sample for iron status. Supplement-users were excluded. RPM was defined as all red meat, meat products and offal excluding white meat. Found that, among girls, iron intakes were low but RPM was not associated with iron intake; boys were less prone to low iron intakes. Opines that low consumption of red meat has adverse implications for iron status. Dietary advice needs to emphasise the importance of bio-available iron sources (such as meat) as well as other factors that increase iron bioavailability.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410568309
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    Aflatoxins in Nigerian dry-roasted groundnuts (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 268-271 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Samples of dry-roasted groundnuts purchased from street hawkers, markets and retail shops in southwestern Nigeria were analysed for moisture content, fungal populations and aflatoxin contamination. The moisture content varied from 2.1 to 3.6 per cent, while the mould counts using the dilution plating method ranged from 2.9 × 102 to 6.3 × 102 colony-forming units per gram in samples. Aflatoxin B1 was found in 64.2 per cent of samples with a mean of 25.5 ppb. Aflatoxins B2, G1 and G2 were detected in 26.4, 11.3 and 2.8 per cent of the samples with mean levels of 10.7, 7.2 and 8 ppb respectively in contaminated samples. It is concluded that the regular consumption of DRG by Nigerians might present potential health hazards.
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    Preparation and characterisation of high performance anticorrosive paints based on novel corrosion inhibitive amide polymers (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 152-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New types of amide polymers have been prepared and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for steel protection. Such polymers included o-, m-, and p- itaconyl phenylene amides, itaconyl o- tolidine amide and maleiyl phenylene amide polymers. The polymers were prepared by condensation of equimolar ratios of diamine with itaconic or maleic acids in non-polar solvents of high boiling point (〉135°C) using the Dean and Stark apparatus. The amide polymers obtained were characterised and their structures confirmed based on the micro-analysis of C, H, and N, the estimated amount of water liberated from the condensation reaction, the IR spectrophotometric measurements and the molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The amide polymers obtained were incorporated into paint formulations as corrosion inhibitors for steel protection.
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    Studies of luminescence property of long afterglow Eu, Dy activated SrMgSiO phosphor (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 220-225 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Long afterglow Sr2MgSi2O7 (SMS) phosphor was prepared by Douby's methods at high temperature and reductive atmosphere. The excitation and emission spectra of this phosphor showed that both had broad bands and that the main emission peak at 469?nm was due to 4f-5d transitions of Eu+2 and implied that the luminescence centres Eu+2 occupied the Sr+2 sites in the Sr2MgSi2O7 host. The phosphor doped only with Eu ions did not demonstrate the long afterglow phenomenon, but when co-doped with Dy+3 ions in the SMS matrix, significant long afterglow was observed.
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    Ink-jet technology: status quo and future - relevance to surface coatings (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 238-244 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Recent years have seen a rapid development of ink-jet printing technology. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in ink-jet printing technology and gives an overview of ink-jet printing into the immediate future. The focus is placed on various applications of jet printing technology. The potential of applying jetting technology in the conventionally surface coating dominated applications will also be explored.
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    Synthesis and characterisation of hole transporting soluble polyschiff base containing triarylamine unit in the backbone (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 206-210 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A soluble polyschiff base containing triarylamine unit in backbone was synthesised by condensation polymerisation. The hole transport properties of such polyschiff base were studied. The mobility of the hole carrier in the polyschiff base film was also measured and found to be µ=1.68×10-4?cm2/V?s by means of time of flight technique. A polymer electroluminescence device was prepared with the polyschiff base used as hole transporting moiety by spin coated.
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    Review of basic chemistry of UV-curing technology (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 272-279 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The market for ultraviolet curing technology has been growing at double-digit rates in the last 10 years. The main reason for such a rapid technological growth of UV curing is its unique process characteristic, which allow UV-coating to be applied on virtually any substrates, including plastic, metal, composite, wood, paper, leather, vinyl, glass, magnetic recording tape and even human teeth. The original driving forces behind the commercialisation of UV-technology were energy saving and freedom from solvents. These benefits are complemented by high productivity and subsequently higher profits that can be achieved with the increased line speed, just-in-time benefits and immediate "pack and ship" capabilities. This paper gives a review of the development of the UV curing technology, with emphasis placed on relevant chemistry.
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    A study of the effects of the process parameters on the flexographic printing problem "dot bridging" - Part I: experimental design and linear run length (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 293-301 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Commercial pressure has forced improvements in the reduction of press down time. One restraining factor for the flexographic printing process has been the lack of predictability and consistency. The results of a factorial designed experiment, are reported in this paper. Investigations into the complex interactions of many variable factors that take place during the printing process were carried out. Various statistical methods were employed for the design of the experiment and for the interpretation of experimental data generated. The results of the investigation have been used to optimise the flexographic printing techniques to significantly manipulate the properties of various production components for the end-use application to enhance the plates printing performance and consistency.
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    Challenges of UV curable ink-jet printing inks - a formulator's perspective (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 280-286 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: UV curing technology has a number of unique advantages over the conventional curing technologies. However, until very recently, there had been few successful examples of the application of UV curing technology in ink-jet printing. Several reasons, including the requirement of low viscosity for ink-jet printing inks, were responsible for the lack of development of UV curable ink-jet printing inks. This paper describes, in some details, the challenges that a formulator had to face in developing UV curable ink-jet printing inks, together with information on the status quo of UV curable ink-jet printing technology.
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    An investigation on the moisture resistance of wood finishes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 302-307 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Impermeability tests had been carried out to compare the moisture resistance of two wood finish paints available on the Cameroonian market. Two types of paints had been used namely, an oil-based paint and an emulsion paint, both manufactured in Cameroon by SMALTO Company. It appeared that the oil-based paint gave better protection to wood in wet environments, areas with strong pluviometry (where the quantity of humidity in the air is very high). The emulsion paint was found to be suitable for use for interior decorative purpose. It was suggested that a glycerophthalic lacquer could be used for wood finishing in areas subjected to the emissions of water vapour or requiring frequent washing (bathroom, kitchen, WC, etc.). In addition, the number of coating layers should be increased to enhance the moisture resistance of such paint films.
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    Synthesis and characterisation of methine dyes derived from condensation of 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile with aromatic aldehydes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 370-374 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A range of methine dyes has been synthesised by condensation of electronegative active methylene compound, 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile with substituted benzaldehydes. The electronic absorption spectroscopic properties of the dyes were investigated. It was found that in general, substituents on the aromatic aldehyde moiety had a significant effect on the visible absorption maxima of the dyes.
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    Preparation and characterisation of zinc yellow pigment for low temperature ceramic glaze - Part I: the effects of the reactants ratio, stirring time and pH (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 352-361 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Zinc potassium chromate (4Zn·O4CrO3·K2O·3H2O) was prepared using zinc salt solution, sodium hydroxide and potassium dichromate solutions. The pigment synthesised was investigated by various methods. Upon heating, this pigment underwent decomposition to form ZnCr2O4, K2CrO4 and ZnO. The pigment obtained was successfully used in the preparation of glaze and then on a tile. The L*, a* and b* values of the fired glaze were 71.607, 2.695 and 67.327, respectively.
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    A study of anti-corrosive effects of Artemisia oil on steel (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 287-292 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of natural Artemisia oil on the corrosion of steel in molar hydrochloric acid were studied by the measurements of weight loss, electrochemical and EIS polarisation. The results obtained revealed that Artemisia oil reduced the rate of corrosion. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the increase of inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarisation studies clearly revealed that the presence of the natural Artemisia oil did not alter the mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction and acted essentially as a cathodic inhibitor. Good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical polarisation results was noted. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of steel in 1M HCl, with and without the oil in the temperature range of 308-353?K, indicated that inhibition efficiency increased with temperature. The adsorption of Artemisia oil on the steel is followed by Frumkin adsorption isotherm.
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    Evaluation of amide polymers as antioxidants for mixed soap greases (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 362-369 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper reports on the preparation of six formulations (G1-G6) containing mixed soap greases based on cotton soap stock, aromatic extract, heavy alkylate and lube base oil. The physicochemical properties of these ingredients were characterised. The consistency, dropping point and mechanical stability of the formulated greases were assessed and tested in accordance with the National Laboratory for Grease Institute standards, and compared with the Egyptian Standards. The properties of the formulated grease G4 proved to be the best. The work reported also includes preparation of itaconyl-o-tolidine-, itaconyl bisaniline- and itaconyl m-phenylene- amide polymers. The structure of these polymers was investigated using infrared spectroscopy, micro analysis and gel permeation chromatography. The polymers prepared were evaluated as antioxidants for the optimum formulated grease G4. The study revealed that the itaconyl m-phenylene amide polymer was a weak antioxidant, while itaconyl bisaniline- and itaconyl-o-tolidine amide polymers showed good anti-oxidation property.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410568382
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    Synthesis and characterisation of one-part ambient temperature curing polyurethane adhesives for wood bonding (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 345-351 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of polyol types, polyol molecular weights, NCO/OH molar ratio, solvent types, and resin solid contents of the one-part ambient temperature curing adhesives were studied. The results showed that the one-part ambient temperature curing polyurethane prepared had fast rate of setting and good bonding, meeting the requirements of a typical structural adhesive.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410568364
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    Characterisation of a new tripyrazole derivative as inhibitor for the steel corrosion in acid solution (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 375-379 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The inhibition of corrosion of steel in 1?M HCl solution by newly synthesised pyrazole derivatives has been studied by weight loss and polarisation techniques at 308°K. Its inhibitory power is compared to N,N'-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl-methyl)-pentanolamine (Bipyr). The results obtained reveal that tripyrazole exhibits a good protection. Inhibition is found to increase with increase in inhibitor concentration. The inhibition behaviour of the compound has been explained on the basis of molecule size and charge density of adsorption active centres. The adsorption phenomenon obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.
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    Molecular charge transfer complexes of metal ions thiazolylazo compounds with iodine (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 32-38 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Molecular charge transfer complexes of some thiazolazo compounds with Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, La3+ and Zr3+ complexes with iodine have been studied spectrophotometrically. The stoichiometry and formation constants of the complexes formed were determined. The effect of solvents, effect of buffer (pH 2-11) and the energy of transition (E) were calculated. The optimum conditions favouring the formation of the coloured complexes were extensively studied by Beer's law and Ringbom method. Furthermore, the spectral characteristics, IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR of the complexes were investigated and discussed in terms of donor molecular structure.
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    A study of the influence of solvents on the dispersive characteristics of silica, modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as filler for plastic and paint systems (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 142-151 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies were carried out on the modification of silica with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in various solvents. The modified silica obtained was subjected to comprehensive evaluations of physicochemical properties, including the bulk density and the capacities to absorb water, dibutyl phthalate and paraffin oil. Particle size, particle size distribution, uniformity of the particles, tendency to form agglomerates, as well as particle surface morphology, were also examined using SEM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The properties of the modified silica obtained were compared to evaluate the effects of the solvents used during the surface modification of the silica.
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    Preparation and characterisation of linseed oil modified polyesteramide resins for surface coatings (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 85-90 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Linseed oil was employed to modify polyesteramide resin via the condensation of hydroxyethylamide derivatives of fatty acids of linseed oil, i.e. {N, N'-bis(2 hydroxylethyl) linseed amide} and phthalic anhydride and dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, succinic acid and sebacic acid. The polyesteramide resins obtained were tested for their application as a vehicle/binder in the preparation of surface coatings. The resins obtained were also characterised for their physico-chemical properties, film forming properties and chemical resistance.
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    Corrosion inhibition of iron in hydrochloric acid solution by jojoba oil (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 26-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of addition of the natural material, jojoba oil, on the corrosion of iron in molar hydrochloric acid had been studied using weight loss measurement and electrochemical polarisation methods. It was found that the corrosion rate was significantly reduced in the presence of jojoba. It was also found that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of the jojoba oil to attain a 100 per cent inhibition at 0.515?g/l of jojoba oil, indicating that jojoba oil was an excellent corrosion inhibitor. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of iron indicated that the inhibition efficiency of jojoba oil decreased very slightly with the rise of temperature. It was found that the adsorption of jojoba oil on the iron, which followed the Frumkin isotherm, was the main cause to the corrosion inhibition.
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    Formulation and characterisation of anticorrosive paints (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 99-104 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Styrene-acrylic resin paints having a pigment volume concentration of 31 per cent and consisting of a constant level of ethylene glycol, titanium oxide, water, rheological agent, inhibitor and defoamer and variable levels of dispersant (x), anticorrosion pigment (y) and wollastonite (z) were prepared. Such emulsion paints were applied to the flat carbon steel test panels. The dried paint films were subjected to various standard anticorrosion tests. The results obtained showed different types of relationship between the anticorrosive behaviour of the paints and variables x, y and z. The antifouling properties of the paint films were obtained through corrosion tests in a marine-industrial environment at ambient temperatures.
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    Halamine polymers: 2. Preparation of new triazine-diones biocidal polymers by grafting polymerisation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 211-219 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New N-halamine polymeric compounds were prepared by reacting cyanuric acid and polyacrylonitrile. Grafting of acrylonitrile monomer onto cotton linters was carried out and the product was reacted with cyanuric acid and finally was chlorinated. Cyanoethylation of polyvinyl alcohol was performed using acrylonitrile monomer to give polyvinylcyanoethyl ether, which, in turn, was reacted with cyanuric acid. The biological activity of the various chlorinated compounds obtained was examined against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria using columns and dishes methods. A high disinfecting power of the chlorinated compounds obtained was observed. Thus, the bacteria was deactivated after the first cycle without contact with the product. All of the compounds prepared were insoluble in water and most of inorganic solvents. These compounds were also found to be very stable and did not decompose to give any toxic compounds. Thus, the chlorinated compounds prepared had no harmful effects on humans.
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    High performance anticorrosive paint formulations based on phosphate pigments (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 226-237 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Historically, paints designed to protect steel and other metals have been formulated using anticorrosive chromate pigments, which are currently under environmental restrictions. During the investigation reported here, various phosphate compounds. The pigments prepared were characterised using a variety of chemical and spectrophotometric methods of analysis including emission atomic absorption, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, in addition to thermal gravimetric analysis. The pigments were also evaluated according to relevant international standard testing methods. The phosphates prepared were incorporated into anticorrosive paint formulations, to replace the imported zinc phosphate pigment, containing medium oil alkyd resin, and melamine formaldehyde resin. Paint films obtained were tested in artificial seawater for 28 days for anticorrosion properties. The results indicated that the paint films had good anticorrosive protection properties that could be attributed to the pigments prepared and the resins used.
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    Halamine polymers: 1. Preparation and characterisation of new pyrimidinone biocidal polymers based on poly-4-vinylacetophenone (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 75-84 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A series of novel halamine polymers known as pyrimidinone biocidal polymers were prepared by reacting poly-4-vinylacetophenone with urea and benzaldehyde to form 1H,3H,6H,-4(4'-polystyreno)-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-one, which on chlorination yielded 1Cl,3H,6H,-4(4'-polystyreno)-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-one. The same reaction was also carried out using the derivatives of benzaldehyde such as p-nitrobenzaldehyde and p-methoxybenzaldehyde under the same reaction conditions. .
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    A study of the film properties of pigmented UV-curable epoxidised soybean oil (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 160-164 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Development of new radiation-curable materials for the application in radiation curing technology is of significant importance. Most of the commercially available radiation-curable resins are derived from synthetic raw materials. The synthesis of acrylated, epoxidised soybean oil (ESO) from ESO had been carried out by reacting acrylic acid with the oxirane group in ESO. The acrylated ESO products were characterised using a variety of analytical techniques. Thus, the oxygen value, the iodine value, the acid value and the infrared spectra of the acrylated ESO products were obtained. Pigmented acrylated ESO systems were prepared and found to cure on exposure to UV radiation.
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    Synthesis and characterisation of a new series of pyridinone azo dyes for dyeing of synthetic fibers (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 165-171 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A series of azo dye systems, namely, 5-arylazo-pyridin-2-one dye systems (5a-k), was synthesised and characterised. The effects of the structural configuration of the pyridinone dye systems on the shifts of the ultraviolet-visible absorption maxima were investigated. The structural effects of the polyfunctionally substituted pyridinone dye systems on the intensity of colour and fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were also discussed.
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    Novel arylazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, properties and dyeing characteristics (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 91-98 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several new arylazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were obtained from 4-arylazo-3,5-diaminopyrazoles. The application and dyeing characteristics of the dyes synthesised were also reported.
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    Effects of the process of the incorporation of deltamethrin on slow release property of insecticidal paint (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 21-25 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Slow release insecticidal paint formulations had been prepared by incorporating deltamethrin, an additive to impart insecticidal property to the paint formulation. The effects of the mode of incorporation of deltamethrin on the retention of the insecticide in the paint matrix, on drying, had been studied. Deltamethrin had been introduced (1 per cent by wt) in the grind and let-down portions of the paint formulation. Extraction and high performance liquid chromatography studies of the insecticide had been carried out. It has been found that after drying, the paint samples contained a very high concentration of deltamethrin where the insecticide had been added in the grind portion instead of in the let-down portion of the paint formulation.
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    Molecular characterisation and corrosion studies of oligomer-transition metals complexes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 15-20 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oligomer (semicarbaside-phethalic acid) and its complexes with Fe(III), Co(II) and UO2(II) chloride were prepared and characterised using elemental analysis, spectral (1H NMR, infrared and UV-Vis) and magnetic measurements. Extensive studies suggested that the Fe(III), Co(II), and UO2(II) oligomer complexes were octahedral dimers. Thermal analyses (thermal gravitational analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA)) of the complexes were carried out and the relevant activation energies were calculated. The effect of the oligomer on the corrosion of iron metal in acidic media (2?M H2SO4) was studied. It was found that the oligomer inhibited the corrosion of iron metal in acid media. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of these compounds was calculated based on weight loss and potentiostatic measurements.
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    Contents and digestibility of carbohydrates of ricebean and fababean as affected by simple inexpensive processing methods (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 13-16 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ricebean (RB-32) contained significantly (p 〈 0.05) higher amounts of total soluble (5.6g/100g) and non-reducing sugars (5.0g/100g) than fababean (VH-82-1). On the other hand, the contents of starch and reducing sugars were more in fababean (53.2g/100g; 608.7mg/100g) than those in ricebean (50.7g/100g; 547.3mg/100g). The starch digestibility (mg maltose released/g meal) of whole raw seeds and husk of ricebean and fababean was 30.8; 6.3 and 42.1; 6.3, respectively. Due to soaking, sprouting and dehulling, a significant (p 〈 0.05) improvement occurred in in vitro starch digestibility of both ricebean and fababean. Germination for 24 hours in ricebean and 48 hours in fababean was found to be the best as it could improve the starch digestibility to the extent of 100 to 90 per cent over the control.
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    Efficacy of Zotrim: a herbal weight loss preparation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 25-28 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A consumer survey was undertaken to test the efficacy of Zotrim, a herbal preparation commercially available as an over the counter weight loss aid. A total of 48 subjects completed a 28-day trial of Zotrim, taken in tablet form just prior to main meals. The results showed a self-assessed average weight loss of 2.3kg (0.6kg per week). Questionnaire data suggested that subjects ate less at meals and snacked less frequently. The overall findings supported an earlier placebo controlled clinical trial, and provided additional evidence that Zotrim delays gastric emptying and enhances feelings of fullness.
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    Hypoglycemia and faecal minerals in rats fed phytate (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 60-64 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this study, phytic acid was extracted from Jamaican sweet potato, which has been reported to contain a high phytic acid to zinc ratio and fed to Wistar rats for three weeks. Animals were then sacrificed and blood glucose, intestinal amylase activity and faecal minerals were determined. Blood glucose levels in all the groups fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid were reduced compared to their controls. This lowering was more pronounced in the groups fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid plus zinc supplement. Faecal zinc was significantly higher in the groups fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato compared to the controls in weeks 1 and 2. Supplementation of the diets with phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid resulted in an increase in the faecal output of iron except for the group that was fed commercial phytic acid plus zinc. Overall, the supplementation of the rat diet with phytic acid extract from sweet potato resulted in a general increase in the output of these faecal minerals.
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    Survey of the market diseases and aflatoxin contamination of tomato ( MILL) fruits in Sokoto, northwestern Nigeria (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A survey of the market diseases and aflatoxin contamination of tomato fruits was conducted in Sokoto in northwestern Nigeria in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Rotten tomato fruits sold at five different markets in Sokoto town, located at Central market, Kasuwar daji, Mabera, Minanata and Arkilla were heavily contaminated with moulds. Eight different fungi were found associated with the rotten tomato fruits sold in the five different markets. The associated fungi were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceous, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium citrinum and Helminthosporim fulvum, Curvularia lunata and Sclerotium rolfsii. A. flavus and A. niger have the highest rate of occurrence among the isolated fungi, while S. rolfsii was the least encountered. Pathogenicity tests revealed that of all the isolated fungi, A. ochraceous, A. flavus, Sclerotium rolfsii and P. citrinum were highly pathogenic with the first three leading to rapid disintegration of treated fruits in 3-5 days. A. niger was moderately pathogenic, while H. fulvum was least pathogenic on tomato fruits. Aflatoxins were detected from the sampled diseased-marketed tomato fruits and also from the marketed rotten tomato fruits after autoclaving for 15?minutes at 121°C.
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    Influence of home economics on the nutrition knowledge and food skills of Mauritian school adolescents (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 264-267 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In Mauritius, the school curriculum does not support the need to develop sound nutrition knowledge and food skills to combat the rising incidence of non-communicable diseases. This study looks at whether adolescents who had been taught Home Economics had better nutrition knowledge than children who had not. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from adolescents, Science teachers and Home Economics teachers, randomly selected from 12 co-educational secondary schools. It was found that the overall nutrition knowledge did not differ significantly. However, Home Economics teaching was associated with better food skills, especially among boys, and was found to be the main source of nutrition-related information. Opines that active learning methods and Home Economics should become compulsory in all secondary schools. This was the first study of its kind conducted in Mauritius. Findings would be of most value to teachers and policy-makers in the field of education.
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    Nutrient dense mixes for enteral feeding in India (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 277-281 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to develop easily reconstitutable nutrient dense mixes using natural food ingredients for enteral feeding, in developing countries. Three mixes were prepared using various combinations of malted wheat, sorghum, finger millet, pearl millet, green gram, linseed and sesame seeds and/or whey proteins and analyzed for nutrient composition and selected quality parameters. It was found that when reconstituted as tube feeds they compared well with the guidelines given by the American Gastroenterological Association. The mixes were not analyzed for all the nutrients and not tested on patients. Opines that they would provide nutritional support at relatively lower cost compared with commercial formulations for varied clinical conditions. Simple indigenous technologies using natural ingredients were employed for formulating the mixes. These mixes would be beneficial for enteral feeding in developing countries in lieu of commercial formulations, which tend to be expensive.
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    Determination of the rate of hardening of unsaturated polyesters by the measurement of the electric resistance (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 9-14 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a method for the determination of the kinetic parameters for the oxidation-reduction hardening reactions of unsaturated polyesters with styrene. The method was based on the measurement of the change in the specific internal electric resistance during the hardening. This paper discusses the accelerating effects of ferrocene and some of its derivatives (acetylferrocene, benzoylferrocene, 1,1'-diethylferrocene) on the hardening of unsaturated polyesters.
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    Selected toxic metal levels in seasonal fruits of Pakistan (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Levels of selected essential and non-essential metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Fe and Zn) and those of macro-nutrients (Ca, K, Mg and Na) are estimated in 15 different seasonal fruits available in local Pakistan markets. The wet digestion oxidation method was used for the analysis of samples by the flame atomic absorption technique. The results indicated almost 100 percent incidence of occurrence of trace metals and macro-nutrients in all fruits. The highest concentration was observed for zinc, ranging between 0.13 and 79.9mg/kg, wet weight, respectively for banana and mango. The iron levels ranged from 0.55 to 44.8mg/kg, wet weight, for pomegranate and mango. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Pb and Cu remained at marginal levels, except for certain fruits where the concentrations were very high. The data are compared with allowed safe limits laid down by WHO.
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    Role of non-digestible carbohydrates in colon cancer protection (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 28-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The contribution of non-digestible carbohydrates to colon cancer protection is becoming more clearly established. While the causes of colon cancer are multifold, experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that various dietary components play a significant role in the mitigation of various colon cancer-inducing factors. Recent developments in the characterization and quantification of these components, which include fructooligosaccharides, dietary fiber and resistant starch, indicate an association between their intake and colon cancer prevention. Considerable physicochemical modifications occur in the colon with the presence of non-digestible carbohydrates, primarily because these carbohydrates act as selective prebiotic fermentation substrates for beneficial colonic probiotic bacteria to produce short chain fatty acids (SCFA). These SCFA elicit effects such as alteration in preneoplastic lesions, enzyme induction, suppression of mutations, and binding of potential carcinogens. Prebiotic-probiotic interaction and activity is therefore key in colon cancer protection by non-digestible carbohydrates.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310459545
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    Iron deficiency anaemia in infants attended at municipal primary health care centres in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 50-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study evaluated the prevalence of anaemia and its association with various risk factors in 500 infants attended at two municipal primary health care centres in Rio de Janeiro. Anaemia was assessed using a portable haemoglobinometer (HemoCue). Nutritional status was assessed via weight/age, weight/height and height/age indices. The cut off value –2 z score was used to define underweight, wasted and stunted children according to the National Centre for Health and Statistics - NCHS - curves. Socio-economic and biological data were obtained from the child's mother through the use of questionnaires. No association was corroborated between the prevalence of anaemia and the studied risk factors. Development of primary health care intervention is important as a means of reducing the incidence of anaemia in infants, especially in boys and children in the second semester of life, who demonstrated a higher risk.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310466628
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    Survey of the nutritional content of meat products on sale in Scotland from butchers' shops and multiple retailers (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 98-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In response to concerns over the role of meat products in the Scottish diet, a study of the nutritional analysis of a range of meat products for sale in Scotland was carried out. The nutritional analysis of products was compared with that in the composition of foods (Royal Society of Chemistry and Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food). This indicated a probable reduction in the fat content of some products, such as sausage-rolls and burgers. It is concluded that more information could be conveyed to consumers on the nutritional value of meat products to enable informed choices to be made based on the value of products in a balanced diet.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310476087
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    Breast-feeding, weaning diet and iron deficiency anaemia in infants (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 111-119 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study describes the breast-feeding profile as well as the consumption of iron source foods and vitamin C source foods for both anaemic and non-anaemic children. A total of 500 infants attending two Municipal Primary Health-Care Centres in Rio de Janeiro were assessed. The prevalence of anaemia was 57.6 per cent. A low probability of consumption of exclusive breast-feeding at four months was found (9 per cent for anaemic and 12 per cent for non-anaemic). Further findings showed that the early consumption of cow's milk, as well as the low probability of consumption and late introduction of beans, liver and green vegetables in the child's diet, were considered risk dietary factors for iron deficiency anaemia among the evaluated children.
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    Dietary phytoestrogens - a role in women's health (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 16-22 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Interest into the role of dietary phytoestrogens and their potential effects on women's health has dramatically increased over the past decade. Phytoestrogens, and in particular isoflavone-rich soya foods, are now believed to play a role in alleviating symptoms of the menopause, maintaining bone density, reducing blood cholesterol levels, protecting against cancer development. In addition they exhibit potent antioxidant activities. Evidence is now sufficiently strong for both the US FDA and the UK JHCI to have approved use of food health claims for intakes of 25g soya protein daily, complete with their constituent isoflavones, for the reduction of blood cholesterol levels. This article reviews the main areas of evidence for the role of phytoestrogens in women's health and practical approaches to increasing phytoestrogen-rich foods in the daily diet.
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    Dietary intakes of Greek basketball players (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 23-27 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study assesses the nutritional status of 15 elite athletes. Their body weight, height and skinfold thickness were measured and BMI calculated. Dietary intakes were assessed using three days' dietary diaries for each athletic season. Data were collected over three athletic seasons, the transitional (vacation), the training and the competitive. The results showed that the athletes' mean energy intake decreased from the transitional to the training season. and that during the competitive season most athletes were not in energy balance. Their mean protein intake varied from 11 percent of energy intake during the transitional season, to 16 percent during the competitive season. Carbohydrates provided 41-53 percent of energy intake, whereas fat intake ranged from 32-48 percent, indicating a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrate. Dietary intakes varied among the athletes but in general they had an unbalanced nutrition. Provision of appropriate nutritional information in Greek athletic teams is needed to improve athletes' diet and performance.
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    Recent innovations in cultured milk products for infants (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 268-272 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Breast milk is considered superior over other modified infant formulae owing to its numerous intrinsic characteristics and pre-eminence. However, breast milk is nutritionally inadequate for low-birth weight infants and infants fed exclusively on breast milk are at the risk of getting infected with HIV-1 and transmitted drugs in breast milk due to sterility of mothers at the time of pregnancy. In absence or insufficient secretion, breast milk stored at human milk banks or various developed infant formulae may be a practical substitute. Microbiological safety of breast milk from human milk banks is governed by the conditions of its collection and storage, whereas method of reconstitution and sterilization of equipments influences the quality of infant formulae. Under this circumstances various specially developed cultured milk products can be recommended for feeding both normal and sick infants. This paper enlightens the recent research innovations in the field of cultured milk products for feeding infants in absence of breast milk.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310507091
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    Getting the balance right: an evaluation (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 191-196 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The British Meat Nutrition Education Service has updated its food guide "Getting the balance right" (GBR). Qualitative research to explore the use, perceived suitability and effectiveness of the new GBR posters and supporting booklet suggests it has been very well received by nutrition educators in the field. The GBR graphic was unanimously preferred to the Food Standards Agency's "Balance of good health" model, which was now appearing somewhat out-dated. The GBR materials were felt to have strong visual impact and wide appeal except perhaps for those working mainly with minority ethnic groups. Whilst prospects for the educational effectiveness of the GBR materials look promising, this can only be truly demonstrated by quantitative research. The commercial origin of the GBR materials does not seem to compromise their use as core resources for the promotion of balanced healthy eating messages.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310499695
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    A need for healthy canteens in secondary schools in Mauritius (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 208-212 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The present work focuses on the assessment of the level of hygiene practices among people involved in the preparation, cooking and serving of foods as well as the quality of foods offered for sale in secondary school canteens in four different urban areas in Mauritius.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310499721
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    Opportunities and constraints in the functional food market (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 213-218 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reviews the main food choice trends driving consumer demand for functional foods and the constraints limiting market development. Considers previous research activity in the functional food arena and subsequently identifies paramount research priorities that may facilitate the development of products that will help satisfy consumer demands for convenience, health and sensory pleasure.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310499730
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    Some special nutritional properties of honey - a brief review (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 254-260 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Apart from highlighting the overall nutritional value of honey, this review draws attention to the potential importance of the oligosaccharide content of honey. The possible role of these compounds as prebiotics is emphasised, for a number of them have been found to stimulate species of Bifidobacterium that inhabit the human colon. It is suggested that the therapeutic properties of the anti-oxidants in honey could be equally relevant, and the desirability of the growing practice of adding royal jelly to retail products is discussed briefly.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310507073
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    Comparative study of selected essential and non-essential metals in various canned and raw foodstuffs consumed in Pakistan (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 261-267 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Levels of selected essential metals (Cu, Fe and Zn) and non-essential metals (Cd and Pb) were determined by the wet digestion based atomic absorption flame spectrophotometric method in twenty canned foodstuffs of local and foreign origin. The study revealed that on average, the concentrations of Fe, Cd and Pb in local foodstuff were more than those found in imported canned products. The contents of Fe and Pb in local canned food were almost double that of the counterpart imported versions. Analysis of the construction materials of the tins indicated that some metals, such as Pb, had levels twice as high as those found in the foreign tin containers. The results showed that the Cu concentration in various foodstuffs ranged between 0.04 and 8.88mg/kg, Fe between 3.07 and 126mg/kg, Zn between 0.19 and 22.8mg/kg, Cd between 0.15 and 1.16mg/kg and Pb between 0.11 and 2.04mg/kg. The results are compared with the levels of metals in corresponding data from the literature.
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    Potential of acidophilus milk to lower cholesterol (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 273-277 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An attempt has been made to highlight the recent literature related to the hypocholesterolemic effect of acidophilus milk. Higher levels of serum cholesterol are often associated with cardiovascular diseases. Concentration of cholesterol can be kept lower by encouraging intake of polyunsaturated and monosaturated fatty acids and discouraging saturated fatty acids. Lactobacillus acidophilus, being the natural inhabitant of intestine and possessing bile-salt hydrolase activity, can be exploited during the manufacture of acidophilus milk and its application as a means for reducing cholesterol level is recommended. Factors influencing the efficacy of acidophilus milk to lower serum cholesterol are type of milk employed for product manufacture, age, sex, food habits and initial concentration of cholesterol of test subjects. Consumption of acidophilus milk as a dietary adjunct can be recommended.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310507109
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    A brief introduction to training prisoners within the British justice system in practical catering skills (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 6-8 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper provides a synopsis of the training of prisoners in HM prisons in Great Britain in catering skills. Experience of participants in various catering courses is detailed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310459509
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    Reasons behind consumers' functional food choices (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 148-158 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The aim of this study was to examine what reasons consumers give for either choosing or not choosing functional foods. Laddering interviews were used to find out how consumers described their reasons for choosing functional food alternatives in different product categories and how these descriptions are linked with values. Yoghurt, spread, juice, carbonated soft drinks, sweets and ice cream were used as example product categories. In total, five central means-end chains, describing the product attributes, consequences and values behind respondents' food choices, were found, which referred to healthiness, taste and pleasure, security and familiarity, convenience and price. They were found to be independent from each other and had different connotations depending on the product category. The results indicate that respondents did not see functional foods as one homogenous group over different product categories. Instead, consumers seemed to perceive functional products as a member of the general product category such as yoghurt or spread and only secondarily as a functional food.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310488499
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    Effect of defatted groundnut concentrate on the physico-chemical and sensory quality of (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 173-176 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The pearl millet kernels were sorted, dehulled, wined, grown, sieved (to produce millet flour), mixed with defatted groundnut concentrate (10, 20, ... 50 per cent), spiced (2 per cent - ginger, clove and red pepper), conditioned (with water), weighed into 20g pices, molded, steamed for 30 minutes, mashed to a smooth dough, molded back to a ball, coated with maize flour ready for use. The effect of the added groundnut on the physico-chemical (moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate) and sensory (flavour, colour, texture) quality were evaluated. There was an increase in the moisture (19.60-23.90 per cent), protein (12.69-20.18 per cent), fat (2.27-2.51 per cent), ash (2.8-3.18 per cent), but a decrease in the carbohydrate (62.65-50.23 per cent). Also, there is a decrease in the mean scores of the texture (7.05-5.45 per cent) but an increase in that of colour (6.50-7.15 per cent) with an increase in the added groundnut concentrate (0-50 per cent). The mean score for odour and taste decreased at above the 40 per cent added groundnut concentrate.
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    Elemental distribution in summer fruits of Pakistan (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 203-207 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Levels of the selected major and minor elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and Fe) in 11 summer fruits grown in Pakistan were estimated by the flame AAS method based on HNO3/HClO4 wet-digestion method. The metal concentrations are expressed as X for triplicate sub-samples with a standard deviation of ±1.0-1.5 per cent. Of all the minor elements analyzed, Fe was found to be the dominant metal on mean basis as compared with other metals in fruits, its concentration being 14.25mg/kg. The increasing order of minor-element concentration was: Cd〈Pb〈Zn〈Cr〈Ni〈Fe. While for major elements, K concentration was found to be maximum as 409.7mg/kg and increasing order was: Ca〈Na〈Mg〈K. In general, minor-element concentrations were found to surpass the safe limit laid down by the World Health Organization. Fruits were found to be a rich resource of major elements.
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    A comparative study on the synthetic food colours usage in foods procured from urban and rural areas of Hyderabad (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 230-234 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A study was carried out to find the type and level of food colours added to various foods in the city of Hyderabad and rural areas around Hyderabad. The majority of foods from both urban and rural areas contained permitted colours while some foods sold at kiosks contained non-permitted colours. The majority of the foods were found to contain colours exceeding the statutory limits. Of the eight synthetic permitted colours in India, only six were extensively used. Erythrosine whose ADI has been consistently reduced by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee for Food Additives is still being used. A wide variety of foods, which do not form part of the Prevention of Food Adulteration list of specified food items were found to contain colours. Constant vigilence is needed to ensure that manufacturers comply with regulations on food colours.
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    Thyroid status in pregnant Mauritian women (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 105-110 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article focuses on the assessment of thyroid hormones in 64 pregnant women in Mauritius. Our study revealed that serum thyroid-stimulating hormone was significantly raised in four pregnant women with normal serum-free tri-iodothyronine and serum-free thyroxine. It was also noted that mean serum-free tri-iodothyronine was non-significantly much lower in the pregnant women. It is concluded that the four pregnant women with an abnormally elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone together with normal free thyroid hormones probably have subclinical hypothyroidism.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310476096
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    Effect of acha () grain flours on the physical and sensory quality of biscuit (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 125-130 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Acha (Digitaria exilis staph.) grain was purchased locally from Jos central market in Plateau State of Nigeria. The grain was washed, destoned, oven (cabinet)-dried, dry milled, sieved and used as acha grain flour to substitute for wheat flour for the production of biscuit. The physical (spread ratio, break strength, weight) and sensory (colour, taste, odour, texture) qualities of the biscuit were determined. The spread ratio increases (5.95 to 7.33), while the bread strength decreases (1.97 to 1.49) with the increase in the acha grain flour percentage. The effects were generally significant at above 30 per cent substitution (p=0.05).
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    Food safety at shows and fairs (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 159-164 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Food events, such as food festivals, agricultural shows and village fetes take place throughout the UK, usually in outdoor locations. Consumers' overall satisfaction with the food purchased at such events is high and they have few or no concerns about the food safety on sale. A wide variety of foods, including some high-risk products are offered for sale to the public. The temporary nature of these events and the vagaries of the UK climate can mean that traders/exhibitors have to cope with environmental conditions that are less than optimum. Organisers of such events are expected by traders/exhibitors to be knowledgeable on a range of relevant topics such as temperature control, display of open food, handwashing facilities, free samples etc. Guidance for traders/exhibitors and organisers of such events is available from local authority Environmental Health departments, and can be found in the Industry Guide to Good Hygiene Practice: Markets and Fairs.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310488507
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    The beneficial role of peanuts in the diet - Part 2 (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 56-64 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper reviews the nutritional profile of peanuts and summarises recent evidence for their potential as a beneficial food for long-term health. As such, a more constructive positioning for peanuts and peanut butter within the UK diet is proposed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310466637
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  • 91
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    Consumers' concern about meat and meat products quality offered for sale in Mauritius (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 33 (2003), S. 80-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article focuses on the assessment of quality of meat and meat products that are available on the local market as well as consumers' awareness regarding meat quality and handling practices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310466664
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  • 92
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    Evaluation of itaconic acid/aromatic diamine adducts as novel antioxidants polymers. Part 1: Evaluation as antioxidants for natural rubber vulcanizates (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 219-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Itaconic acid was reacted with phenylene diamine (ortho, meta and para) and o-tolidine in boiling dekalin, using Dean and Stark apparatus. The polymers prepared were evaluated for their suitability as antioxidants for natural rubber vulcanizates. The amide polymers prepared showed high efficiency as antioxidants for rubber vulcanizates, exceeding the performance of commercial antioxidants. In addition, the results obtained are encouraging and support the use of these polymers from both the environmental and economical points of view.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310481578
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  • 93
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    Self-stratifying coatings for industrial applications (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 300-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper reviews the self-stratifying coatings concept, which is a tool to formulate film-forming compositions based on incompatible polymer blends capable of producing coatings having polymer/polymer composite structures and outstanding performance in a number of application fields. The self-stratifying concept is applicable to waterborne, solvent-based and powder coatings, requiring specific formulations and frequently also conditions of application and film formation. Micro-heterogeneous and non-homogeneous-in-layer (or ultimately double-layer) film structures obtained by one-coat application of a single coating composition render considerable enhancement in coatings properties (mechanical, protective etc.) particularly various surface/interfacial properties (e.g. scratch-resistance, mar-resistance and adhesion durability, etc.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310497445
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  • 94
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    Evaluation of pigmented ink formulations for jet printing onto textile fabrics (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 307-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Recent years have seen a significant increase in the use of inkjet technology for printing on textile fabrics. Typical inkjet printed textile products included curtains, large advertising posters, flags and banners. As a result of the need for such inkjet printed products to have a greater durability, especially for outdoor applications, inks containing pigments as the colourants are gaining more interests. However, pigments may give rise to logistical problems in terms of their dispersion stability within the ink formulation, consequently blocking the nozzles within the inkjet print head. This paper reports methods for the preparation of pigment dispersions and of inkjet printing ink formulations and the methods for the evaluation of the suitability of pigmented ink formulations for jet printing on textile materials. In particular, the suitability of three magenta pigments for inkjet inks were assessed and reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310497454
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  • 95
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    Preparation and characterisation of re-dispersible acrylic powders (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 364-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A comparison of the difference in chemical nature of re-dispersible polymer powders useful for the modification of cement based compositions is made. Core-shell acrylic lattices synthesised by multi-step sequential polymerisation are formulated and spray-dried to obtain re-dispersible powders. The heterogeneous acrylic copolymers prepared are characterised by excellent re-dispersibility, high chemical stability and good application properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310507812
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  • 96
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    Improvement of white pine wood properties by impregnation with mixtures of methyl methacrylate and phthalimide monomers, subsequent in situ copolymerization (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: White pine wood was impregnated with a mixture of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and N-methacryloyloxyphthalimide and by other three mixtures prepared by mixing MMA and N-methacryloyloxytetrabromo-phthalimide. Water uptake of treated wood was found to be 54 per?cent after water-soaking test of 168?h and maximum antiswell efficiency was found to be 48 per?cent for treated wood samples with non-brominated comonomer mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310454901
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  • 97
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    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of pigment dispersion (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 78-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the "dry" state, pigment particles are held together by attraction forces of various physical chemical natures including the van der Waals force and the "liquid bridge" force. These attraction forces must be overcome in order to disperse pigment particles into liquid media. Dispersion machinery is designed to generate energy required to overcome, to various extents, such attraction forces. On the other hand, the efficiency of dispersion operation is significantly dependent upon the effectiveness of the transfer of energy from the dispersion tools/dispersion charges to the oversized pigment particles, as a result of the presence of the adhesion and cohesion within the dispersion system. This paper explores the nature and the significance of various forces between pigment particles and of the adhesion and cohesion phenomena associated with pigment dispersion, from a practical point of view. Principles relevant to improving the efficiency of pigment dispersion via minimisation of the adhesion between pigment particles and via maximisation of the adhesion and cohesion within the dispersion system are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310464784
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  • 98
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    Preparation of and photo- and electroluminescence characteristics of ZnS:Cu phosphor (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 358-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: ZnS:Cu phosphors were prepared by co-precipitating Cu along with ZnS using H2S and thiourea. Phosphors giving luminescence at around 530?nm were prepared. The difference in the characteristic properties among the samples prepared appeared to be due to the formation of nanoparticles during the preparation of the samples by different methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310507803
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  • 99
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    Soybean oil modified polyesteramide resins (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 4-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polyesteramide resin based on the condensation of hydroxyethylamide derivatives of fatty acids of soybean {N, N'-bis(2 hydroxyethyl)soybean amide} and various dibasic acid and anhydride were synthesized. Physico-chemical characteristics and film forming properties of these resins were determined to prove its suitability as a vehicle for surface coatings. The study reveals that resins can be used for the baked type of finishes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310454875
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  • 100
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    Anticorrosion performance of epoxy coatings on steel surface exposed to deionised water (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 32 (2003), S. 89-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objective of this work was to examine the anticorrosive behaviour of four different epoxy coatings, which were formulated with zinc pigments and were applied on pretreated steel panels exposed to deionised/deaerated water taken from the installations of the Greek Public Electricity Company, as well as to compare the results of this study with those of a relevant, previous work. The coating's performance was assessed by the measurement of the potentiodynamic polarisation resistance, by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the measurement of dielectric permittivity, during the deionised/deaerated water immersion tests. Additionally, accelerated salt spray tests were performed. All types of coatings tested exhibited a high protective performance. It was concluded that the epoxy system containing zinc dust was the most effective anticorrosion coating under the conditions relevant to this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420310464793
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