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  • Atmosphere-ocean system
  • Salinity
  • Springer  (9)
  • American Meteorological Society  (2)
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (2)
  • Springer Nature
  • 2005-2009  (4)
  • 1975-1979  (9)
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this paper results from the application of an ocean data assimilation (ODA) system, combining a multivariate reduced-order optimal interpolator (OI) scheme with a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM), are described. The present ODA system, designed to assimilate in situ temperature and salinity observations, has been used to produce ocean reanalyses for the 1962–2001 period. The impact of assimilating observed hydrographic data on the ocean mean state and temporal variability is evaluated. A special focus of this work is on the ODA system skill in reproducing a realistic ocean salinity state. Results from a hierarchy of different salinity reanalyses, using varying combinations of assimilated data and background error covariance structures, are described. The impact of the space and time resolution of the background error covariance parameterization on salinity is addressed.
    Beschreibung: This work has been funded by the ENACT Project (Contract EVK2-CT2001-00117) for A. Bellucci and P. Di Pietro, and partially by the ENSEMBLES Project (Contract GOCE-CT-2003-505539) for A. Bellucci.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3785-3807
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): ocean modelling ; data assimilation ; reanalysis ; upper ocean variability ; temperature ; Salinity ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Meteorological Society
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Skill in ensemble-mean dynamical seasonal climate hindcasts with a coupled land-atmosphere model and specified observed sea surface temperature is compared to that for long multi-decade integrations of the same model where the initial conditions are far removed from the seasons of validation. The evaluations are performed for surface temperature and compared among all seasons. Skill is found to be higher in the seasonal simulations than the multi-decadal integrations except during boreal winter. The higher skill is prominent even beyond the first month when the direct influence of the atmospheric initial state elevates model skill. Skill is generally found to be lowest during the winter season for the dynamical seasonal forecasts, equal to that of the long integrations, which show some of the highest skill during winter. The reason for the differences in skill during the non-winter months is attributed to the severe climate drift in the long simulations, manifest through errors in downward fluxes of water and energy over land and evident in soil wetness. The drift presses the land surface to extreme dry or wet states over much of the globe, into a range where there is little sensitivity of evaporation to fluctuations in soil moisture. Thus, the land-atmosphere feedback is suppressed, which appears to lessen the model’s ability to respond correctly over land to remote ocean temperature anomalies.
    Beschreibung: Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Atmosphere-ocean system
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
    Format: 503454 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: This report describes calibration techniques developed over the past three years for the WHOI/Brown CTD in the Moored Array Program. Comparison is made with classical methods of hydrography for stations obtained in the MODE-1 density program. Methods for temperature lag correction and conversion of conductivity to salinity are given.
    Beschreibung: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C0262; NR 083-004.
    Schlagwort(e): CTD ; Calibration ; Salinity
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 3977131 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Unbekannt
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Originally issued as Reference No. 59-54
    Beschreibung: In August and September 1958 a number of oceanographic sections were made in the R.R.S. DISCOVERY II, Captain James Gray, under the scientific leadership of H. F. P. Herdman. These sections comprise part of a joint program undertaken by the National Institute of Oceanography and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for the International Geophysical Year.
    Beschreibung: The United States participation in this program was supported by the Office of Naval Research Contract Nonr 2196(00) with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Schlagwort(e): Discovery II (Ship) International Geophysical Year Cruise 3 ; Ocean temperature ; Echo sounding ; Chemical oceanography ; Salinity
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 109-111 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Halophilism ; Blue-green alga ; Cyanobacteria ; Aphanotece halophytica ; Salinity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The isolation of a halophilic blue-green alga, Aphanothece halophytica, from Great Salt Lake is described. The organism was cultured from waters with salinities up to saturated NaCl (about 30% w/v). It has an optimum salinity for growth of about 16% NaCl, but can grow very slowly even in saturated NaCl. Based on the study of the Great Salt Lake organism, and on a review of the earlier literature, it is concluded that despite recent reports to the contrary, true halophilic blue-green algae do exist.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 123 (1979), S. 151-156 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Phenotypic variation ; Aspergillus nidulans ; Chemical composition ; Chemostat culture ; Dilution rate ; Temperature ; Hydrogen ion concentration ; Salinity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A quantitative study was made of macromolecular (nucleic acids, protein), carbohydrate and mineral (magnesium, potassium and phosphorus) components of Aspergillus nidulans in glucose limited chemostat cultures, under varying conditions of dilution rate, temperature, pH and NaCl concentration. The overall mineral content showed greatest variation in response to changes in culture salinity, which also affected the mycelial carbohydrate content. Concomitant and opposite changes in the conent of cations and carbohydrates under conditions of increasing salinity may be interpreted in terms of mycelial osmoregulation. Slight variations in DNA content but gross fluctuations in the level of RNA were noted under the different cultural conditions examined. Co-ordinate changes in RNA and Mg2+ contents were evident only under certain conditions: dilution rate from 0.05–0.07 h-1 or temperature from 22–30° C. The constant molar stoichiometry between RNA and Mg2+ characteristic of unicellular microorganisms was not a feature of fungal growth. The protein content was most affected by shifts of temperature and reached minimal values at 25 and 50° C. The growth environment had a marked influence on the protein synthesising activity of RNA, which increased eightfold as the dilution rate was increased from 0.02–0.175 h-1, doubled within the temperature range 20–30° C and fell by 50% between 40 and 50° C. These observations are discussed in the context of the constant ribosomal efficiency in protein synthesis hypothesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 457-459 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Alkalinity ; Bicarbonate ; Carbonate ; Chloride ; Growth inhibition ; IAA ; pH ; Salinity ; Sulphate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The replacement of carboxy-proton of IAA, plays an important role in the process of growth under saline conditions. Appreciable changes in pH have ben observed in the presence of CO3 −2 and HCO3 −, and increase in pH appears to be caused owing to the formation of unstable complex of IAA, which soon hydrolyzes and gives alkalinity. The pH change thus achieved favours IAA oxidase activity; therefore, suppression of growth is resulted in CO3 −2 and HCO3 − medium. In the presence of SO4 −2 and Cl− salts slight lowering of pH takes place which does not favour IAA oxidase activity. It is therefore, presumed that anion (CO3 −2, HCO3 −, SO4 −2 and Cl−) controls the process of growth and development through the alteration of pH of the medium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Chloris ; Humidity ; Nitrogen ; Nutrition ; Photosynthesis ; Rhodes grass ; Salinity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Under high atmospheric humidity, Rhodes grass plants responded favourably to an increase in nitrate fertilization. Under low atmospheric humidity an optimum point was reached at lower N-treatment. Plants' growth was improved by a salinity treatment of up to 100 mM, at high atmospheric humidity. A higher salt concentration cancelled the favourable effect of added nitrate. The rise in yield which follows salt or nitrate treatments is apparently combined with an increase in activity of the key photosynthetic enzymes, Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase and Ribulose biphosphate carboxylase. A similar rise in activity is seen in nitrate reductase, a key enzyme in nitrogen metabolism. Evidently, all three enzymatic systems are not damaged in high salt treatments, and the potential photosynthetic capacity remained practically uneffected in all treatments. As no correlation could be found between transpiration and growth curves, it is assumed that the supply of CO2 is also unhampered. Thus, the major negative effect of salinity, seems to be on protein synthesis, which eventually leads to disturbed growth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 457-462 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Barley ; Chloride ; Growth ; Nitrogen metabolism ; Potassium ; Salinity ; Sodium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In a solution culture experiment with 31 days old barley plants (var. Miura) the influence of NaCl-salinization (80 mM) and KCl addition (5 and 10 mM) on the uptake and turnover of labelled nitrogen (15NH4 15NO3) was studied. Labelled N was applied for 24 h at the end of a 20 days' salinization period. Salinization impaired growth and incorporation of labelled N into the protein fraction paralleled by accumulation of labelle dinorganic N. All salt effects were much more pronounced in the shoots than in the roots. Potassium addition enhanced N uptake (total15N-content) and incorporation into protien, reduced the accumulation of inorganic N and improved the growth of salinized plants. The presented data support the point of view that impairment of protein (enzyme) metabolism is an important aspect of salt stress which is probably induced by the disturbance of the K/Na balance of the tissues under saline conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 53 (1979), S. 251-253 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): DNA ; Foliar spray ; NaCl ; Peanut ; Phosphorus deficiency ; RNA ; Salinity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., var. TMV-2) plants were raised in sand cultures salinized with sodium chloride at 0.4% on air dry weight basis. Phosphate was sprayed to the drip point, once daily for five days from 20th to 25th day and from 30th to 35th day. Shoot apices and mature leaves were harvested for nucleic acid analyses at 30th and 40th day, receiving one and two sets of sprays respectively. Salinity decreased RNA and DNA levels which were partially restored by foliar application of phosphate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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