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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics  (18)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
  • American Geophysical Union  (20)
  • INGV  (10)
  • Editrice Compositori  (2)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Copernicus
  • Springer Nature
  • 2005-2009  (32)
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  • 1
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    Source parameters of the 11 June 1909, Lambesc (Provence, southeastern France) earthquake: a reappraisal based on macroseismic, seismological and geodetic observations (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-01-05
    Beschreibung: Destructive earthquakes are rare in France yet pose a sizable seismic hazard, especially when critical infrastructures are concerned. Only a few destructive events have occurred within the instrumental period, the most important being the 11 June 1909, Lambesc (Provence) earthquake. With a magnitude estimated at 6.2 [Rothé, 1942], the event was recorded by 30 observatories and produced intensity IX effects in the epicentral area, ~30 km north of Marseille. We collected 30 seismograms, leveling data and earthquake intensities to assess the magnitude and possibly the focal mechanism of this event. Following this multidisciplinary approach, we propose a source model where all relevant parameters are constrained by at least two of the input datasets. Our reappraisal of the seismological data yielded Mw 5.8-6.1 (6.0 preferred) and Ms 6.0, consistent with the magnitude from intensity data (Me 5.8) and with constraints derived from modeling of coseismic elevation changes. Hence, we found the Lambesc earthquake to have been somewhat smaller than previously reported. Our datasets also constrain the geometry and kinematics of faulting, suggesting that the earthquake was generated by reverse-right lateral slip on a WNW-striking, steeply north-dipping fault beneath the western part of the Trévaresse fold. This result suggests that the fold, located in front of the Lubéron thrust, plays a significant role in the region’s recent tectonic evolution. The sense of slip obtained for the 1909 rupture also agrees with the regional stress field obtained from earthquake focal mechanisms and microtectonic data as well as recent GPS data.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 2454
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Lambesc earthquake ; France ; historical seismograms ; displacement modeling ; macroseismic data ; geodetic data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 2
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    STIMA DEL TASSO DI DEFORMAZIONE ATTRAVERSO LO STRETTO DI MESSINA DALLA COMBINAZIONE DI RETI DI STAZIONI GPS PERMANENTI E NON-PERMANENTI (2008)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-10-27
    Beschreibung: In this paper we show results from the combinantion of GPS and CGPS data to estimate the velocity and strain fields across the Messina Straits. Data from CGPS networks of ASI, RING and ITALPOS together with GPS data collected since 1980 during repeated campaigns and recently in the frame of the "Progetto Messina" funded by DPC, are discussed and interpreted to improve the current kinematics of this seismic area.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Reggio Calabria
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): GPS, Stretto di Messina ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
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  • 3
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    Seismotectonics of the Southern Apennines and Adriatic foreland: insights on active regional E-W shear zones from analogue modeling (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The active tectonics at the front of the Southern Apennines and in the Adriatic foreland is characterized by E-W striking, right-lateral seismogenic faults, interpreted as reactivated inherited discontinuities. The best studied among these is the Molise-Gondola shear zone (MGsz). The interaction of these shear zones with the Apennines chain is not yet clear. To address this open question we developed a set of scaled analogue experiments, aimed at analyzing: 1) how dextral strike-slip motion along a pre-existing zone of weakness within the foreland propagates toward the surface and affects the orogenic wedge; 2) the propagation of deformation as a function of displacement; 3) any insights on the active tectonics of Southern Italy. Our results stress the primary role played by these inherited structures when reactivated, and confirm that regional E-W dextral shear zones are a plausible way of explaining the seismotectonic setting of the external areas of the Southern Apennines.
    Beschreibung: INGV, Università degli Studi di Pavia
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 21
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Active strike-slip fault ; sandbox model ; southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Great Sumatra Earthquake Registers on Electrostatic Sensor (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Strong electrical signals that correspond to the Mw = 9.3 earthquake of 26 December 2004, which occurred at 0058:50.7 UTC off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia, were recorded by an electrostatic sensor (a device that detects short-term variations in Earth’s electrostatic fi eld) at a seismic station in Italy, which had been installed to study the infl uence of local earthquakes on a new landslide monitoring system. Electrical signals arrived at the station practically instantaneously and were detected up to several hours before the onset of the Sumatra earthquake (Figure 1) as well as before local quakes. The corresponding seismic signals (p-waves) arrived 740 seconds after the start of the earthquake. Because the electrical signals travel at the speed of light, electrical monitoring for the global detection of very strong earthquakes could be an important tool in signifi cantly increasing the hazard alert window.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 445-460
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Sumatra earthquake ; electrostatic signals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 5
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    Earthquake-generated tsunamis in the Mediterranean Sea: scenarios of potential threats to Southern Italy (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We calculated the impact on Southern Italy of a large set of tsunamis resulting from earthquakes generated by major fault zones of the Mediterranean Sea. Our approach merges updated knowledge on the regional tectonic setting and scenario-like calculations of expected tsunami impact. We selected three potential source zones located at short, intermediate and large distance from our target coastlines: the Southern Tyrrhenian thrust belt; the Tell-Atlas thrust belt; and the western Hellenic Arc. For each zone we determined a Maximum Credible Earthquake and described the geometry, kinematics and size of its associated Typical Fault. We then let the Typical Fault float along strike of its parent source zone and simulated all tsunamis it could trigger. Simulations are based on the solution of the nonlinear shallow water equations through a finite-difference technique. For each run we calculated the wave fields at desired simulation times and the maximum water elevation field, then produced travel-time maps and maximum wave-height profiles along the target coastlines. The results show a highly variable impact for tsunamis generated by the different source zones. For example, a large Hellenic Arc earthquake will produce a much higher tsunami wave (up to 5 m) than those of the other two source zones (up to 1.5 m). This implies that tsunami scenarios for Mediterranean Sea countries must necessarily be computed at the scale of the entire basin. Our work represents a pilot study for constructing a basin-wide tsunami scenario database to be used for tsunami hazard assessment and early warning.
    Beschreibung: Italian Civil Defense; Project “Development of new technologies for the protection of the Italian territory from natural hazards” funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: B01301
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: 4.2. TTC - Scenari e mappe di pericolosità sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Tsunamis ; Mediterranean Sea ; Seismotectonics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.01. Analytical and numerical modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Stress interaction effect on the occurrence probability of characteristic earthquakes in Central Apennines (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this study, we compute the effect of stress change due to previous historical earthquakes on the probability of occurrence of future earthquakes on neighboring faults. Following a methodology developed in the last decade, we start from the estimate of the probability of occurrence in the next 50 years for a characteristic earthquake on known seismogenic structures, based on a time-dependent renewal model. Then a physical model for the Coulomb stress change caused by previous earthquakes on these structures is applied. The influence of this stress change on the occurrence rate of characteristic earthquakes is computed, taking into account both permanent (clock advance) and temporary (rate-and-state) perturbations. We apply this method to the computation of earthquake hazard of the main seismogenic structures recognized in the Central and Southern Apennines region, for which both historical and paleoseismological data are available. This study provides the opportunity of reviewing the problems connected with the estimate of the parameters of a renewal model in case of characteristic earthquakes characterized by return times longer than the time spanned by the available catalogues and the applicability of the concept of characteristic earthquake itself. The results show that the estimated effect of earthquake interaction in this region is small compared with the uncertainties affecting the statistical model used for the basic time-dependent hazard assessment.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: B08313
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: 4.2. TTC - Scenari e mappe di pericolosità sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Stress interaction, occurrence probability, characteristic earthquakes ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.03. Forecasts ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    On the slip-weakening behavior of rate- and state-dependent constitutive laws (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We study the dynamic traction behavior within the cohesive zone during the propagation of earthquake ruptures adopting rate and state dependent constitutive relations. The resulting slip weakening curve displays an equivalent slip weakening distance (D0_eq), which is different from the parameter L controlling the state variable evolution. The adopted constitutive parameters (a, b, L) control the slip weakening behavior and the absorbed fracture energy. The dimension of the nucleation patch scales with L and not with D0_eq. We propose a scaling relation between these two lengthscale parameters which prescribes that D0_eq/L ~ 15.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-4
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake dynamics and mechanics ; Earthquake parameters ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 8
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    Tectonic evolution of fault-bounded continental blocks: (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We report on new paleomagnetic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data from Plio-Pleistocene sedimentary units from Corinth and Megara basins (Peloponnesus, Greece). Paleomagnetic results show that Megara basin has undergone vertical axis CW rotation since the Pliocene, while Corinth has rotated CCW during the same period of time. These results indicate that the overall deformation in central Greece has been achieved by complex interactions of mostly rigid, rotating, fault bounded crustal blocks. The comparison of paleomagnetic results and existing GPS data shows that the boundaries of the rigid blocks in central Greece have changed over time, with faulting migrating into the hanging walls, sometimes changing in orientation. The Megara basin belonged to the Beotia-Locris block in the past but has now been incorporated into the Peloponnesus block, possibly because the faulting in the Gulf of Corinth has propagated both north and east. Paleomagnetic and GPS data from Megara and Corinth basins have significant implications for the deformation style of the continental lithosphere. In areas of distributed deformation the continental lithosphere behaves instantaneously like a small number of rigid blocks with well-defined boundaries. This means that these boundaries could be detected with only few years of observations with GPS. However, on a larger time interval the block boundaries change with time as the active fault moves. Paleomagnetic studies distinguishing differential rotational domains provide a useful tool to map how block boundaries change with time.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-15
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Paleomagnetism ; Greece, block rotations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 9
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    Estimates of slip weakening distance for different dynamic rupture models (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We model the dynamic propagation of a 2-D in-plane crack obeying to either slip weakening (SW) or rate- and state-dependent friction laws (R&S). We compare the value of slip weakening distance (Dc), adopted or estimated from the traction versus slip curves, with the critical slip distance measured as the slip at the time of peak slip velocity (Dc'). The adopted friction law and the constitutive parameters control the slip acceleration as well as the timing and the amplitude of peak slip velocity. Our simulations with R&S show that the direct effect of friction and the friction behavior at high slip rates affect the timing of peak slip velocity and thus control the ratio Dc' /Dc. The difference observed in this study between the Dc values and the inferred Dc' can range between few percent up to 50%.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L02611
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Modeling ; Earthquake dynamics and mechanics ; Earthquake parameters ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Rupture process of the 2007 Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki earthquake by non-linear joint inversion of strong motion and GPS data (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We image the rupture history of the 2007 Niigata-ken Chuestu-oki (Japan) earthquake by a nonlinear joint inversion of strong motion and GPS data, retrieving peak slip velocity, rupture time, rise time and slip direction. The inferred rupture model contains two asperities; a small patch near the nucleation and a larger one located 10÷15 km to the south-west. The maximum slip ranges between 2.0 and 2.5 m and the total seismic moment is 1.6×1019 Nm. The inferred rupture history is characterized by rupture acceleration and directivity effects, which are stable features of the inverted models. These features as well as the source-to-receiver geometry are discussed to interpret the high peak ground motions observed (PGA is 1200 gals) at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant (KKNPP), situated on the hanging-wall of the causative fault. Despite the evident source effects, predicted PGV underestimates the observed values at KKNPP by nearly a factor of 10.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L16306
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): rupture process ; inversion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 11
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    Slow rupture of an aseismic fault in a seismogenic region of Central Italy (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-02-03
    Beschreibung: Slow earthquakes and afterslips prove that the Earth does not have just two response time scales, i.e. that of tectonic loading and that of regular earthquakes. A swarm of slow earthquakes, with time constants of the order of hundreds of seconds, has been detected by a laser interferometer below the Gran Sasso massif (Italy). We analyse and model these observations to identify a very plausible source in a local fault, with no historic seismic behavior. While slow earthquakes occurring in subduction zones, and at the transition between locked and stably sliding segments of the San Andreas fault, are often associated with seismic events, in the case of the Apennines there is no correlation between local seismicity and slow earthquakes. Slow earthquakes, therefore, may also represent a specific failure behavior for a seismically locked fault, adding further complexity to the interpretation of geologic data for seismic hazard estimates.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 2219
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake dynamics and mechanics ; Seismic hazard assessment and prediction ; Seismicity and seismotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article , article
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  • 12
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    La rete GPS CalNet (2008)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-02-03
    Beschreibung: Since 2002, between Catanzaro and Vibo Valentia (Calabria), has been set up a new high resolution GPS network. The aim of this network is to record the interseismic and co-seismic deformations of this active region which experienced destructive earthquakes but it is not yet occupied by a GPS geodetic network.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Reggio Calabria
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): GPS, Calabria, Stretto di Messina ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
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  • 13
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    Geochemical evidence of seismogenic-induced anomalies in the dissolved gases of thermal waters: A case study of Umbria (Central Apennines, Italy) both during and after the 1997-1998 seismic swarm (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this paper we present the first geochemical data set regarding long-term monitoring of dissolved gases in thermal waters from a seismic area. Three sites in Umbria (Central Apennines, Italy) were studied both for the chemical and for the helium isotopic composition of the dissolved gases. Data were collected during and after the seismic crisis that struck the region in 1997â 1998. The chemical composition of the dissolved gases revealed that a CO2-rich gas phase was always mixed with an atmospheric-derived component dominated by N2. A normal faulting marked the beginning of the seismic activity enhancing the release of CO2 on a regional scale. Variations in both the chemical and isotopic compositions of the dissolved gases were also observed as preseismic, synseismic, and postseismic phenomena related to the seismic shock of March 1998. Those geochemical modifications were interpreted as being the consequence of a drop in the CO2 degassing rate, in good agreement with the compressive focal mechanism of that seismic event. Furthermore, this interpretation was also consistent with the geologic and tectonic setting of the study area and induced us to postulate that changes in the local rock permeability, due to crustal deformations (i.e., coseismic deformation and postseismic release), were responsible for the geochemical modifications observed. On the basis of the foregoing, we have concluded that the geochemistry of dissolved gases in groundwaters represents a useful tool for the investigation of the relationships between circulating fluids and seismic activity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): dissolved gases ; geochemistry ; seismic areas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
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    Volcanic spreading of Vesuvius, a new paradigm for interpreting its volcanic activity (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We integrate geologic, structural, leveling and Differential SAR Interferometry data to show that Vesuvius began to spread onto its sedimentary substratum about 3,600 years ago. Moreover, we model the detected deformation with a solution of the lubrication approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations to show that spreading may continue for about 7,200 years more. Correlation of volcanic spreading with phases of the eruptive activity suggests that Plinian eruptions, which are thought to pose the major hazard, are less likely to occur in the near future.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-4
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Vesuvius ; volcanic activity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 15
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    Monitoraggio geodetico delle deformazioni del suolo in area sismogenetica: la rete GPS dello Stretto di Messina (2007)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Il terremoto del 1908 che ha distrutto le città di Reggio Calabria e Messina costituisce il primo esempio in cui, attraverso l’utilizzo di dati geodetici, è stato possibile ricostruire il campo di deformazione verticale collegato al catastrofico evento. In questo lavoro vengono riassunti i principali risultati della ricerca incentrata sulla caratterizzazione cinematica dell’area dello Stretto di Messina e vengono presentati i primi risultati della rete misurata con modalità GPS nel corso del 2001 e del 2003 nella stessa area. Questi risultati confermano l’importanza dell’approfondimento delle attività di monitoraggio geodetico tra il complesso peloritano calabro e quello siciliano, anche allo scopo di chiarire le numerose ambiguità riscontrate, in questi anni, nella definizione delle strutture che hanno originato il terremoto del 1908.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-18
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): GPS ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 16
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    The dependence of traction evolution on the earthquake source time function adopted in kinematic rupture models (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We compute the temporal evolution of traction by solving the elasto-dynamic equation and by using the slip velocity history as a boundary condition on the fault plane. We use different source time functions to derive a suite of kinematic source models to image the spatial distribution of dynamic and breakdown stress drop, strength excess and critical slip weakening distance (Dc). Our results show that the source time functions, adopted in kinematic source models, affect the inferred dynamic parameters. The critical slip weakening distance, characterizing the constitutive relation, ranges between 30% and 80% of the total slip. The ratio between Dc and total slip depends on the adopted source time functions and, in these applications, is nearly constant over the fault. We propose that source time functions compatible with earthquake dynamics should be used to infer the traction time history.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L04609
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake dynamics and mechanics ; Earthquake parameters ; Theory and modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 17
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    Strong evidence for non-similar earthquake source scaling in central Italy (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: scaling of seismic sources of the Central Apennines (Italy) is investigated using broadband seismograms from the Colfiorito sequence (4〈=Mw〈=6 ). Our results are not consistent with self-similar scaling, and can be described by the following relationship: M0~fc^-(3_epsilon), where epsilon=1.7+-0.3 . We speculate that dynamic fault lubrication by fluid pressurization may be responsible for such extreme behavior, and use our results for the calibration of a weak-motion-based predictive relationship for the ground motion ( Mw〈=4.1) up to Mw~6 for this region.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L17303
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Self-similarity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 18
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    Source process of the September 12, 2007 MW 8.4 Southern Sumatra earthquake from tsunami tide gauge record inversion (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We infer the slip distribution and average rupture velocity of the magnitude MW 8.4 September 12, 2007, southern Sumatra earthquake from available tide-gauge records of the ensuing tsunami. We select 9 waveforms recorded along the west coast of Sumatra and in the Indian Ocean. Slip distribution and rupture velocity are determined simultaneously by means of a non linear inversion method. We find high slip values (∼10 m) into a patch 100 km long and 50 km large, between 20 and 30 km of depth, about 100 km north-west from the epicenter. We conclude this earthquake did not rupture the whole area of the 1833 event, indicating some slip has still to occurr. Our estimate of rupture velocity is of 2.1±0.4 km/sec. The relatively large depth of the main slip patch is the likely explanation for the low damaging observed tsunami.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L02310
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Sumatra ; tsunami ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 19
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    Crustal motion along the Eurasia-Nubia plate boundary (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-03
    Beschreibung: We investigate crustal deformation along the Eurasia-Nubia plate boundary in Calabria and Sicily revealed by the GPS velocity field obtained by the combination of continuous site velocities with previous results from episodic campaigns. We recognize two distinct crustal domains characterized by different motions and styles of deformation. Convergence in Sicily is taken up by crustal shortening along the former Tyrrhenian back arc passive margin, in agreement with seismological data and geological evidence of recent cessation of deformation along the Plio-Pleistocene subduction front. The analysis of the GPS data and the consistency between earthquake slip vectors and convergence direction suggest that Eu-Nu convergence in Sicily does not require intermediate crustal blocks. Significant Eurasia ( 3 mm/yr to NNE) and Nubia-fixed ( 5 mm/yr to ESE) residual velocities in Calabria suggest instead the presence of an intermediate crustal block which can be interpreted as a forearc sliver or as an independent Ionian block. According to the first hypothesis, subduction is still active in the Ionian wedge, although we find no evidence for active back arc spreading in the Tyrrhenian Sea. The N115 E oriented Sicily-Calabria GPS relative motion is consistent with the extension observed during the 1908 Mw 7.1 Messina earthquake. We suggest that up to 3 mm/yr ( 80%) of this estimated relative motion between Sicily and the Calabrian Arc may be taken up in the Messina Straits.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-16
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): GPS ; Calabria, Sicily, Active tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
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  • 20
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    Active crustal extension in the central Apennines (Italy) (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We present the first GPS estimate of crustal extension in the central Apennines (Italy) through the analysis of the deformation of a sub-network of the National GPS Geodetic network IGM95 in the interval 1994–1999. The selected sub-network spans the entire active deformation belt perpendicularly to its axis and allows the evaluation of (1) the total extension rate absorbed in this sector of the Apennines and (2) the seismogenic potential of the normal faults active in the Late Pleistocene-Holocene interval within the network. Results of this reoccupation are consistent with an extensional strain rate of 0.18×10−6 yr−1 concentrated in an area of about 35 km width, giving an average extension rate of 6±2 mm/yr across the central Apennines. The pattern of active deformation suggests active elastic strain accumulation on the westernmost of the two fault systems active in the Late Pleistocene-Holocene interval and may also suggest the presence of another active fault system not recognized so far.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 2121-2124
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): GPS ; Apennines, Active extension ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
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  • 21
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    Evidence for departure in self-similarity: a new spectral ratio method using narrowband coda envelopes (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The use of local and regional S-wave coda is shown to provide stable amplitude ratios that better constrains source differences between event pairs. We first compared amplitude ratio performance between local and near regional S and coda waves in the San Francisco Bay region for moderate-sized events, then applied the coda spectral ratio method to the 1999 Hector Mine mainshock and its larger aftershocks. We find (1) average amplitude ratio standard deviations using coda are ~0.05 to 0.12, roughly a factor of 3 smaller than direct S-waves for 0.2 〈 f 〈 15.0 Hz; (2) coda spectral ratios for the Mw 7.0 Hector Mine earthquake and its aftershocks show a clear departure from self-similarity, consistent with other studies using the same datasets; and (3) event-pairs (Green’s function and target events) can be separated by ~25 km for coda amplitudes without any appreciable degradation, in sharp contrast to direct waves.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L11303
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): non-self-similarity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 22
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    Coseismic and postseismic displacements related with the 1997 earthquake sequence in Umbria-Marche (central Italy) (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We study the coseismic and postseismic displacements related with the 1997 Umbria-Marche earthquake sequence by means of leveling lines along a deformed aqueduct located in the epicentral area. Comparing the 1960 and 10/1997 measurements we obtain 0.49 0.10 m of coseismic displacement distributed along 3 km across the normal fault zone. Modeling of the coseismic surface dislocation is obtained from a combination of low angle (38°) faults at depth and high angle (80°) upper fault branches. The best fit model indicates that the upper branches stop at 0.4 km below the ground surface and have 60% of slip with respect to the lower faults. The postseismic displacement measured during 1998 is 0.18 m and represents 36% of the apparent coseismic deformation. Moderate earthquakes in the Apennines and related surface deformation may thus result from curved faults that reflect the brittle-elastic properties of the uppermost crustal structures.
    Beschreibung: Data collection was made while both authors were at Istituto di Ricerca per la Tettonica Recente – CNR (GNDT Project), Roma, Italy. M. Copparoni (ASM, Foligno) and M. Raponi and S. Pacico (Studio Topografico s.n.c., Foligno) provided data about aqueduct and leveling lines. Analysis of data and modeling were done while RB was visiting EOST-IPG, Strasbourg, France. Preparation of the paper benefited from discussion with R. Armijo, S. Barba, P. Gomez and G. Valensise. A. Amato and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their constructive remarks.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 2695–2698
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Coseismic displacement ; postseismic displacement ; earthquake fault ; Colfiorito, Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 23
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    Active tectonics of the Adriatic region from GPS and earthquake slip vectors (2008)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: To investigate the kinematics of the Adriatic region we integrate continuous and episodic GPS measurements and ${M_w} 〉 4.5$ earthquake slip vectors selected from the Regional Centroid Moment Tensor (RCMT) catalogue. Coherent motion of GPS sites in the Po Valley, in Apulia and in the Hyblean Plateau allows us to estimate geodetically constrained angular velocities for these regions. The predictions of the GPS-inferred angular velocities are compared with the earthquake slip vectors, showing that the seismically-expressed deformation at the microplate boundaries is consistent with the observed geodetic motion. The remarkable consistency between geodetic, seismological and geological evidence of active tectonics, suggests that active deformation in the Central Adriatic is controlled by the relative motion between the Adria and Apulia microplates. The microplates angular rotation rates are then compared with the rotation rates calculated with a simple block model supporting the hypotheses (1) that Apulia forms a single microplate with the Ionian Sea and possibly with the Hyblean region and (2) that Adria and Apulia rotate in such a way as to accommodate the Eurasia-Nubia relative motion. We suggest that the present-day microplate configuration follows a recent fragmentation of the Adriatic promontory that during the Neogene rigidly transferred the Africa motion to the orogenic belts that now surround the Adriatic region.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: B12413
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Adria ; GPS ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
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  • 24
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    3D dynamic simulations of spontaneous rupture propagation governed by different constitutive laws with rake rotation allowed (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: In this work we present a 3D Finite Difference numerical method to model the dynamic spontaneous propagation of an earthquake rupture on planar faults in an elastic half-space. We implement the Traction-at-Split-Nodes fault boundary condition for a system of faults, either vertical or oblique, using different constitutive laws. We can adopt both a slip-weakening law to prescribe the traction evolution within the breakdown zone or rate- and state-dependent friction laws, which involve the choice of an evolution relation for the state variable. Our numerical procedure allows the use of oblique and heterogeneous distribution of initial stress and allows the rake rotation. This implies that the two components of slip velocity and total dynamic traction are coupled together to satisfy, in norm, the adopted constitutive law. The simulations presented in this study show that the rupture acceleration to super-shear crack speeds occurs along the direction of the imposed initial stress; the rupture front velocity along the perpendicular direction is slower than that along the pre-stress direction. Depending on the position on the fault plane the orientation of instantaneous total dynamic traction can change with time with respect to the imposed initial stress direction. These temporal rake rotations depend on the amplitude of initial stress and on its distribution on the fault plane. They also depend on the curvature and direction of the rupture front with respect to the imposed initial stress direction: this explains why rake rotations are mostly located near the rupture front and within the cohesive zone.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): earthquake dynamics ; numerical modeling ; friction laws ; slip time history ; rake rotation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 25
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    Modeling the dynamic rupture propagation on heterogeneous faults with rate- and state-dependent friction (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: We investigate the effects of non-uniform distribution of constitutive parameters on the dynamic propagation of an earthquake rupture. We use a 2D finite difference numerical method and we assume that the dynamic rupture propagation is governed by a rate- and state-dependent constitutive law. We first discuss the results of several numerical experiments performed with different values of the constitutive parameters a (to account for the direct effect of friction), b (controlling the friction evolution) and L (the characteristic length-scale parameter) to simulate the dynamic rupture propagation on homogeneous faults. Spontaneous dynamic ruptures can be simulated on velocity weakening (a 〈 b) fault patches: our results point out the dependence of the traction and slip velocity evolution on the adopted constitutive parameters. We therefore model the dynamic rupture propagation on heterogeneous faults. We use in this study the characterization of different frictional regimes proposed by Boatwright and Cocco (1996) based on different values of the constitutive parameters a, b and L. Our numerical simulations show that the heterogeneities of the L parameter affect the dynamic rupture propagation, control the peak slip velocity and weakly modify the dynamic stress drop and the rupture velocity. Moreover, a barrier can be simulated through a large contrast of L parameter. The heterogeneity of a and b parameters affects the dynamic rupture propagation in a more complex way. A velocity strengthening area (a 〉 b) can arrest a dynamic rupture, but can be driven to an instability if suddenly loaded by the dynamic rupture front. Our simulations provide a picture of the complex interactions between fault patches having different frictional properties and illustrate how the traction and slip velocity evolutions are modified during the propagation on heterogeneous faults. These results involve interesting implications for slip duration and fracture energy.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): dynamic rupture ; fault constitutive law ; fault friction ; stress heterogeneities ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 26
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    Seismic strain and stress field studies in Italy before and after the Umbria-Marche seismic sequence: a review (2008)
    Editrice Compositori
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: The seismic sequence that hit Umbria and Marche during 1997 and 1998 was particularly significant because it dramatically marked the evolution of analysis tools and the development of our geophysical knowledge of the region. Since September 1997, we have had a growing, coherent catalogue of source moment tensors that provides reliable information on earthquake sources in Italy and the surrounding regions. Together with borehole and other tectonic data, this has conspicuously improved our knowledge of the regional strain and stress fields. The main impact of these new data that include local information consists of the possibility to change the scale of the regional geodynamic frame. The simple description of extension tectonics that dominate the Apennines belt has evolved into the present-day maps of the strain and stress fields, where the active tectonics involve compression in the eastern Alps, extension and compression fronts in the northern Apennines, extension and strike-slip structures in the southern Apennines, and a compressional front along the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. This recent geodynamic evolution and the present-day seismotectonic sketch of the Italian peninsula are here described on the basis of the recognition of these tectonic features.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 319-330
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): moment tensor ; seismotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
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  • 27
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    The Palermo (Sicily) seismic cluster of September 2002, in the seismotectonic framework of the Tyrrhenian Sea-Sicily border area (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-06-04
    Beschreibung: The northern coast of Sicily and its offshore area represent a hinge zone between a sector of the Tyrrhenian Basin, characterized by the strongest crustal thinning, and the sector of the Sicilian belt which has emerged. This hinge zone is part of a wider W-E trending right-lateral shear zone, which has been affecting the Maghrebian Chain units since the Pliocene. Seismological and structural data have been used to evaluate the seismotectonic behavior of the area investigated here. Seismological analysis was performed on a data set of about 2100 seismic events which occurred between January 1988 and October 2002 in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. This paper focuses in particular on a set of data relating to the period from 6th September 2002, including both the main shock and about 540 aftershocks of the Palermo seismic sequence. The distribution of the hypocenters revealed the presence of two main seismogenic zones. The events of the easternmost zone may be related to the Ionian lithospheric slab diving beneath the Calabrian Arc. The seismicity associated with the westernmost zone is closely clustered around a sub-horizontal regression plane contained within the thinned Southern Tyrrhenian crust, hence suggesting that this seismogenic zone is strictly connected to the deformation field active within the hinge zone. On the basis of both structural and seismological data, the brittle deformation pattern is characterized by high-angle faults, mainly represented by transcurrent synthetic right-lateral and antithetic left-lateral systems, producing both restraining/uplifting and releasing/subsiding zones which accommodate strains developing in response to the current stress field (characterized by a maximum axis trending NW-SE) which has been active in the area since the Pliocene. The cluster of the seismic sequence which started with the 6th September 2002's main shock is located within the hinge zone. The distribution of the hypocenters relative to this sequence emphasizes the presence of a high-angle NE-SW-oriented deformation belt within which several shear surfaces are considered to be found sub-parallel to that established for the main shock. The kinematics of all these structures is consistent with a compressive right-lateral focal mechanism.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismotectonics ; Southern Tyrrhenian Sea ; Northwestern Sicily ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 28
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    FEMSA: a finite element simulation tool for quasi-static seismic deformation modeling (2008)
    Editrice Compositori
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: We set up a computational tool to numerically model static and quasi-static deformation generated by faulting sources embedded in plane or spherical domains. We use a Finite Element (FE) approach to automatically implement arbitrary faulting sources and calculate displacement and stress fields induced by slip on the fault. The package makes use of the capabilities of CalculiX, a non commercial FE software designed to solve field problems (see 〈http://www.calculix.de〉 for details), and is freely distributed by request.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 367-385
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): faulting sources ; coseismic deformation ; finite element method PACS: 91.30.Bi, 91.55.Jk, 91.30.Ab, 02.70.Dh ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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  • 29
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    Seismogenesis in Central Apennines, Italy: an integrated analysis of minor earthquake sequences and structural data in the Amatrice-Campotosto area (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: We present a seismotectonic study of the Amatrice-Campotosto area (Central Italy) based on an integrated analysis of minor earthquake sequences, geological data and crustal rheology. The area has been affected by three small-magnitude seismic sequences: August 1992 (M=3.9), June 1994 (M=3.7) and October 1996 (M=4.0). The hypocentral locations and fault plane solutions of the 1996 sequence are based on original data; the seismological features of the 1992 and 1994 sequences are summarised from literature. The active WSWdipping Mt. Gorzano normal fault is interpreted as the common seismogenic structure for the three analysed sequences. The mean state of stress obtained by inversion of focal mechanisms (WSW-ENE-trending deviatoric tension) is comparable to that responsible for finite Quaternary displacement, showing that the stress field has not changed since the onset of extensional tectonics. Available morphotectonic data integrated with original structural data show that the Mt. Gorzano Fault extends for ~28 km along strike. The along-strike displacement profile is typical of an isolated fault, without significant internal segmentation. The strong evidence of late Quaternary activity in the southern part of the fault (with lower displacement gradient) is explained in this work in terms of displacement profile readjustment within a fault unable to grow further laterally. The depth distribution of seismicity and the crustal rheology yield a thickness of ~15 km for the brittle layer. An area of ~530 km2 is estimated for the entire Mt. Gorzano Fault surface. In historical times, the northern portion of the fault was probably activated during the 1639 Amatrice earthquake (I = X, M~ 6.3), but this is not the largest event we expect on the fault. We propose that a large earthquake might activate the entire 28 km long Mt. Gorzano Fault, with an expected Mmax up to 6.7.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic hazard ; normal faulting ; seismicity ; seismotectonics ; active stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
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  • 30
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    Geomorphology of the Gubbio Basin (Central Italy): understanding the active tectonics and earthquake potential (2006)
    INGV
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: The Gubbio Basin is a 22 km long, 4 km wide depression located within the North-Central Apennines fold-andthrust belt. The basin is bounded to the east by the Gubbio Fault, a W-dipping, normal fault dissecting a large Jurassic-Oligocene anticline. Although located along one of the main seismogenic zones of the Peninsula, both historical and instrumental is seismicity is limited with the only exception for the 29 April 1984, Ms 5.3 earthquake, which occurred about 10 km southwest of the basin. Most of the literature attributes this seismicity to the Gubbio Fault. New geomorphic and geologic investigations based on field and aerial photo surveys and DEM analyses provide new insights on the active faulting in the area and are used to infer potential seismogenic sources. Limited evidence of ongoing deformation along the surface expression of the Gubbio Fault was found, possibly because of low rates of deformation versus fast erosional processes. The western side of the basin appears to be controlled by an east-dipping normal fault, antithetic to the Gubbio Fault. Standard dislocation modeling was used to understand the role played by the Gubbio Fault and its antithetic. The Gubbio Fault was divided into a high-angle section above 3.5 km and a low-angle section between 3.5 and 6 km depth. Based on different tests we conclude that both sections of the Gubbio Fault as well as the antitethic fault contributed to the present setting of the basin. At present the antithetic fault appears to be the most effective in producing a geomorphic signature and controlling the basin width. The high-angle Gubbio Fault played a major role in the basin growth but now its activity rate appears minor. Because of the characteristics and location of the 1984 earthquake, the low-angle Gubbio Fault is assumed to be presently active and seismogenic. Based on the integration of geologic, geomorphic and seismological data we suggest that the low-angle Gubbio Fault is formed by two individual sources capable of M 5.3-5.9 earthquakes. The southern source ruptured in the 1984 earthquake while the northern source did not rupture recently nor historically.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): tectonic geomorphology ; normal fault ; seismogenic ; sources ; Umbria-Marche Apennines - 29 April 1984 Gubbio earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
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    An inventory of river anomalies in the Po Plain, Northern Italy: evidence for active blind thrust faulting (2006)
    INGV
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: The Po Plain is a low-relief area characterised by active shortening accommodated by blind thrust faulting. In this almost flat region depositional rates are similar to tectonic rates and deformation is seldom expressed by noticeable surface anticlines. We adopted a geomorphological approach based on the detailed analysis of the drainage network to identify the location of active thrust faults. A total of 36 anomalies represented by sudden river diversions and shifts in channel pattern were accurately mapped. After comparison with the location of subsurface buried anticlines and of historical seismicity, these anomalies could be related to a tectonic origin and included in a database. Their distribution highlights the activity of the buried outer thrust fronts of both the Southern Alps and the Northern Apennines. Among all the anomalies, we identified one related to the seismogenic source responsible for the 12 May 1802 earthquake (Me 5.7), which struck the Oglio River Valley near Soncino (Cremona). We propose that this earthquake was generated by an east-west trending, north-dipping, blind thrust fault that roots into the Alpine system. If this inference is correct, other faults along the Southern Alpine margin are potentially seismogenic.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): tectonic geomorphology ; drainage anomaly ; blind thrust ; Po Plain ; 1802 Oglio Valley earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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    Anomalous crustal movements with low seismic efficiency - Campi Flegrei, Italy and some examples in Japan (2006)
    INGV
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: Campi Flegrei is a unique volcanic region located near Naples, Italy. Anomalous crustal movements at Pozzuoli in Campi Flegrei have been documented since the Roman period. The movements were gradual and have continued to the present, occasionally accompanying swarms of local earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Generally the movements proceed with low seismicity. After the 1538 eruption of Monte Nuovo, Pozzuoli had subsided monotonously, but it changed to uplift abruptly in 1969. The uplift accelerated in 1983 and 1984 reaching more than 2 m, and thereafter began to subside. Many discussions of this event have been published. In Japan, we have examples of deformations similar to those at Campi Flegrei, mainly in volcanic areas, and rarely in non-volcanic areas. The former includes Iwojima, Miyakejima and Aira caldera while the latter is represented by Cape Omaezaki. Iwojima is a volcano island, and its secular uplifts since the 18th century are recognized as an unusual event. Miyakejima volcano and Aira caldera exhibited anomalous movements with low seismicity after their eruptions. Cape Omaezaki is not situated in volcanic zone but near a subduction zone, and gradually and continuously subsides as a precursor to a large earthquake. In such cases as Campi Flegrei and the Japanese localities, we would question whether the deformations are accompanied by normal seismicity or low seismicity. To examine quantitatively the relationship between seismicity and related deformation, seismic efficiency is generally useful. The crustal deformations in all the regions cited above are characterized by exceptionally low seismic efficiencies. In the present paper, the deformations at Pozzuoli and Iwojima are mainly described and a comparative discussion among these and other localities in Japan is supplemented. It is concluded that such anomalous phenomena in volcanic areas are attributable to peculiar rheological aspects of the material composing the local upper crust, and the deformation in a non-volcanic area is of tectonic origin.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): crustal movements ; low seismic efficiency ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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