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  • Books  (86)
  • climate change  (46)
  • energy economics  (40)
  • Didactic fiction., gsafd
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  • 2010-2014  (86)
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  • 1
    Unknown
    Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change on Mountain Hydrology : Development of a Methodology Through a Case Study in the Andes of Peru (2011)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; glaciers ; Peru ; Andes ; water regulation
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate change is beginning to have effects on climate, weather and resource availability in ways that need to be anticipated when planning for the future. In particular, changes in rainfall patterns and temperature may impact the intensity or schedule of water availability. Also the retreat of tropical glaciers, the drying of unique Andean wetland ecosystems, as well as increased weather variability and weather extremes will affect water regulation. These changes have the potential to impact the energy and other sectors, such as agriculture, and could have broader economic effects. Anticipating the impacts of climate change is a new frontier. There are few examples of predictions of the impact of climate change on resource availability and even fewer examples of the applications of such predictions to planning for sustainable economic development. However, having access to an effective methodology would allow planners and policy makers to better plan for adaptation measures to address the consequences of climate change on the power and water sectors. This report presents a summary of the efforts to develop methodological tools for the assessment of climate impacts on surface hydrology in the Peruvian Andes. It is targeted to decision makers in Peru and in other countries to give them guidance on how to choose available and suitable tools and make an assessment of climate impacts on water regulation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 157 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821386637
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821386620
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Human Rights and Climate Change : A Review of the International Legal Dimensions (2011)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; global warming ; environmental law ; human rights
    Description / Table of Contents: This Study explores arguments about the impact of climate change on human rights, examining the international legal frameworks governing human rights and climate change and identifying the relevant synergies and tensions between them. It considers arguments about (i) the human rights impacts of climate change at a macro level and how these impacts are spread disparately across countries; (ii) how climate change impacts human rights enjoyment within states and the equity and discrimination dimensions of those disparate impacts; and (iii) the role of international legal frameworks and mechanisms, including human rights instruments, particularly in the context of supporting developing countries’ adaptation efforts. The Study surveys the interface of human rights and climate change from the perspective of public international law. It builds upon the work that has been carried out on this interface by reviewing the legal issues it raises and complementing existing analyses by providing a comprehensive legal overview of the area and a focus on obligations upon States and other actors connected with climate change. The objective has therefore been to contribute to the global debate on climate change and human rights by offering a review of the legal dimensions of this interface as well as a survey of the sources of public international law potentially relevant to climate change and human rights in order to facilitate an understanding of what is meant, in legal terms, by 'human rights impacts of climate change' and help identify ways in which international law can respond to this interaction. This is a complex and dynamically evolving legal and policy landscape and this study aims to capture its most salient features insofar as they appear at present.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 145 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821387238
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821387207
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Winds of Change : East Asia's Sustainable Energy Future (2010)
    Washington, D.C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: china ; climate change ; east asia ; energy and environment ; energy efficiency ; energy financing ; energy policy ; renewable energy ; sustainable energy ; world bank
    Description / Table of Contents: East Asia has experienced the fastest economic growth in the world over the last three decades, accompanied by a 10-fold gross domestic product increase and rapid urbanization. Energy consumption has more than tripled during this period and is expected to double over the next 20 years. This remarkable trend has led to twin energy challenges in the region - environmental sustainability and energy security. Written for an audience of energy policy makers and practitioners, Winds of Change explores the region’s energy future over the next two decades through two energy scenarios. It outlines the strategic direction East Asia’s energy sector must take to meet its growing energy demand in an environmentally sustainable manner, and presents a pathway of policy frameworks and financing mechanisms to get there. The six East Asian countries - China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam - examined in this book could, with the right policies and financing, stabilize CO2 emissions by 2025, improve their local environment, and enhance energy security without compromising economic growth. They must move their energy sectors toward much higher efficiency and more widespread use of low-carbon technologies, while obtaining substantial financing and low-carbon technologies from developed countries. This clean energy revolution requires major policy and institutional reforms, including energy pricing reforms, regulations such as energy efficiency standards, financial incentives such as feed-in tariffs for renewable energy, and accelerated research and development. Finally, building low-carbon cities will be key to containing the rapid urban energy growth through compact urban design, public transport, clean vehicles, and green buildings. The window of opportunity is closing fast - delaying action would lock the region into a longlasting high-carbon infrastructure. The technical and policy means exist for such transformational changes, but only strong political will and unprecedented international cooperation will make them happen.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 154 Seiten)
    ISBN: 978082138502
    URL: http://books.google.com/books?id=mQDipuqvPnAC
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Global Warming Impacts : Case Studies on the Economy, Human Health, and on Urban and Natural Environments (2011)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; global warming
    Description / Table of Contents: This book addresses the theme of the impacts of global warming on different specific fields, ranging from the regional and global economy, to agriculture, human health, urban areas, land vegetation, marine areas and mangroves. Despite the volume of scientific work that has been undertaken in relation to each of each of these issues, the study of the impacts of global warming upon them is a relatively recent and unexplored topic. The chapters of this book offer a broad overview of potential applications of global warming science. As this science continues to evolve, confirm and reject study hypotheses, it is hoped that that this book will stimulate further developments in relation to the impacts of changes in the global climate.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533077857
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/show/title/global-warming-impacts-case-studies-on-the-economy-human-health-and-on-urban-and-natural-environments
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Climate Variability : Some Aspects, Challenges and Prospects (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides a general introduction to the popular topic of climate variability. It explores various aspects of climate variability and change from different perspectives, ranging from the basic nature of low-frequency atmospheric variability to the adaptation to climate variability and change. This easy and accessible book can be used by professionals and non professionals alike.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533076997
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/climate-variability-some-aspects-challenges-and-prospects
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Climate Change and Variability (2010)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate change is emerging as one of the most important issues of our time, with the potential to cause profound cascading effects on ecosystems and society. However, these effects are poorly understood and our projections for climate change trends and effects have thus far proven to be inaccurate. In this collection of 24 chapters, we present a cross-section of some of the most challenging issues related to oceans, lakes, forests, and agricultural systems under a changing climate. The authors present evidence for changes and variability in climatic and atmospheric conditions, investigate some the impacts that climate change is having on the Earth's ecological and social systems, and provide novel ideas, advances and applications for mitigation and adaptation of our socio-ecological systems to climate change. Difficult questions are asked. What have been some of the impacts of climate change on our natural and managed ecosystems? How do we manage for resilient socio-ecological systems? How do we predict the future? What are relevant climatic change and management scenarios? How can we shape management regimes to increase our adaptive capacity to climate change? These themes are visited across broad spatial and temporal scales, touch on important and relevant ecological patterns and processes, and represent broad geographic regions, from the tropics, to temperate and boreal regions, to the Arctic.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (486 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533071442
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/show/title/climate-change-and-variability
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation (2012)
    New York, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; mitigation ; fossil energy ; alternative energy ; renewable energy ; solar energy ; biofuel ; atmospheric carbon ; energy conservation ; advanced combustion ; emission ; fuel cells ; precipitation ; sustainability
    Description / Table of Contents: There is a mounting consensus that human behavior is changing the global climate and its consequence could be catastrophic. Reducing the 24 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions from stationary and mobile sources is a gigantic task involving both technological challenges and monumental financial and societal costs. The pursuit of sustainable energy resources, environment, and economy has become a complex issue of global scale that affects the daily life of every citizen of the world. The present mitigation activities range from energy conservation, carbon-neutral energy conversions, carbon advanced combustion process that produce no greenhouse gases and that enable carbon capture and sequestion, to other advanced technologies. From its causes and impacts to its solutions, the issues surrounding climate change involve multidisciplinary science and technology. This handbook will provide a single source of this information. The book will be divided into the following sections: Scientific Evidence of Climate Change and Societal Issues, Impacts of Climate Change, Energy Conservation, Alternative Energies, Advanced Combustion, Advanced Technologies, and Education and Outreach.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 2130 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781441979919
    URL: http://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-1-4419-7991-9
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Human and Social Dimensions of Climate Change (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; climate policy ; sustainable development
    Description / Table of Contents: Anomalous climatic outcomes such as higher temperatures, intense rainfall and flood, frequent and severe droughts are now at the new level. Without appropriate adaptation measures, climate change is bound to exacerbate vulnerability of society, place food security and human health at risk, threaten the lives of growing urban population and impede the goal of attaining sustainable development. The human and social dimensions of climate change, including climate policy, are essential parts of our response to the many challenges emanating from climate change. By focusing on a wide range of topics and involving a diverse array of scholars, this book sheds lights on human and social dimensions of climate change; topics neglected and often poorly understood by scholars and policymakers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (286 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535108474
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/human-and-social-dimensions-of-climate-change
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Phenology and Climate Change (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: phenology ; climate change ; agricultural and biological sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Phenology, a study of animal and plant life cycle, is one of the most obvious and direct phenomena on our planet. The timing of phenological events provides vital information for climate change investigation, natural resource management, carbon sequence analysis, and crop and forest growth monitoring. This book summarizes recent progresses in the understanding of seasonal variation in animals and plants and its correlations to climate variables. With the contributions of phenological scientists worldwide, this book is subdivided into sixteen chapters and sorted in four parts: animal life cycle, plant seasonality, phenology in fruit plants, and remote sensing phenology. The chapters of this book offer a broad overview of phenology observations and climate impacts. Hopefully this book will stimulate further developments in relation to phenology monitoring, modeling and predicting.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535103363
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/phenology-and-climate-change
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Understanding the Global Energy Crisis (2014)
    West Lafayette, Indiana : Purdue University Press
    Details
    Keywords: energy policy ; energy crisis ; climate change ; global warming ; alternative energy
    Description / Table of Contents: We are facing a global energy crisis caused by world population growth, an escalating increase in demand, and continued dependence on fossil-based fuels for generation. It is widely accepted that increases in greenhouse gas concentration levels, if not reversed, will result in major changes to world climate with consequential effects on our society and economy. This is just the kind of intractable problem that Purdue University’s Global Policy Research Institute seeks to address in the Purdue Studies in Public Policy series by promoting the engagement between policy makers and experts in fields such as engineering and technology. Major steps forward in the development and use of technology are required. In order to achieve solutions of the required scale and magnitude within a limited timeline, it is essential that engineers be not only technologically-adept but also aware of the wider social and political issues that policy-makers face. Likewise, it is also imperative that policy makers liaise closely with the academic community in order to realize advances. This book is designed to bridge the gap between these two groups, with a particular emphasis on educating the socially-conscious engineers and technologists of the future. In this accessibly-written volume, central issues in global energy are discussed through interdisciplinary dialogue between experts from both North America and Europe. The first section provides an overview of the nature of the global energy crisis approached from historical, political, and sociocultural perspectives. In the second section, expert contributors outline the technology and policy issues facing the development of major conventional and renewable energy sources. The third and final section explores policy and technology challenges and opportunities in the distribution and consumption of energy, in sectors such as transportation and the built environment. The book’s epilogue suggests some future scenarios in energy distribution and use.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 304 Seiten)
    Edition: Knowledge Unlatched Open Access Edition
    ISBN: 9781612493091
    URL: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/purduepress_ebooks/29/
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    The Power of Transformation : Wind, Sun and the Economics of Flexible Power Systems (2014)
    Paris : OECD/IEA (Please request login data at the PIK library)
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; wind power ; solar photovoltaics ; climate change ; electricity ; renewable energy ; energy security
    Description / Table of Contents: Wind power and solar photovoltaics (PV) are crucial to meeting future energy needs while decarbonising the power sector. Deployment of both technologies has expanded rapidly in recent years, one of the few bright spots in an otherwise bleak picture of clean energy progress. However, the inherent variability of wind power and solar PV raises unique and pressing questions. Can power systems remain reliable and cost-effective while supporting high shares of variable renewable energy (VRE)? And if so, how? Based on a thorough review of the integration challenge, this publication - gauges the economic significance of VRE integration impacts - highlights the need for a system-wide approach to integrating high shares of VRE - recommends how to achieve a cost-effective transformation of the power system. This book summarises the results of the third phase of the Grid Integration of VRE (GIVAR) project, undertaken by the IEA over the past two years. It is rooted in a set of seven case studies, comprising 15 countries on four continents. It deepens the technical analysis of previous IEA work and lays out an analytical framework for understanding the economics of VRE integration impacts. Based on detailed modelling, the impact of high shares of VRE on total system costs is analysed. In addition, the four flexible resources which are available to facilitate VRE integration – generation, grid infrastructure, storage and demand side integration – are assessed in terms of their technical performance and cost-effectiveness.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264208032
    URL: http://bib-app.gfz-potsdam.de/intern/pubint/GIVAR2014.pdf
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Energy Technology Perspectives 2014 : Harnessing Electricity’s Potential (2014)
    Paris : OECD/IEA (Please request login data at the PIK library)
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Starting from the premise that electricity will be an increasingly important vector in energy systems of the future, Energy Technology Perspectives 2014 (ETP 2014) takes a deep dive into actions needed to support deployment of sustainable options for generation, distribution and consumption. In addition to modelling the global outlook to 2050 under different scenarios for more than 500 technology options, ETP 2014 explores the possibility of “pushing the limits” in six key areas: - Solar Power: Possibly the Dominant Source by 2050 - Natural Gas in Low-Carbon Electricity Systems - Electrifying Transport: How Can E-mobility Replace Oil? - Electricity Storage: Costs, Value and Competitiveness - Attracting Finance for Low-Carbon Generation - Power Generation in India Since it was first published in 2006, ETP has evolved into a suite of publications that sets out pathways to a sustainable energy future in which optimal policy support and technology choices are driven by economics, energy security and environmental factors. - Topic-specific books and papers explore particularly timely subjects or cross-cutting challenges. - Tracking Clean Energy Progress provides a yearly snapshot of advances in diverse areas, while also showing the interplay among technologies. - Supported by the ETP analysis, IEA Technology Roadmaps assess the potential for transformation across various technology areas, and outline actions and milestones for deployment. Collectively, this series lays out the wide range of necessary and achievable steps that can be taken in the near and medium terms to set the stage for long-term energy policy objectives, clearly identifying the roles of energy sector players, policy makers and industry. Next editions will examine the role of technology innovation to meet climate goals (2015) and urban energy systems (2016). Who will benefit from using ETP 2014? Past experience shows that ETP publications attract wide and varied audiences, including experts in the energy field (e.g. technology analysts and academics), policy makers and heads of governments, as well as business leaders and investors. This reflects the value of the series’ detailed and transparent quantitative modelling analysis and well–rounded commentary, which ultimately support high-level policy messages.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (382 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264208001
    URL: http://bib-app.gfz-potsdam.de/intern/pubint/etp2014.pdf
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    World Energy Outlook 2011 : Special Report - Are we entering a golden age ? (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: What impact will the return of high energy prices have on the fragile economic recovery? Will geopolitical unrest, price volatility and policy inaction defer investment in the oil sector and amplify risks to our energy security? What will renewed uncertainty surrounding the role of nuclear power mean for future energy and environmental trends? Is the gap between our climate actions and our climate goals becoming insurmountable? World Energy Outlook 2011 tackles these and other pressing questions. The latest data, policy developments, and the experience of another turbulent year are brought together to provide robust analysis and insight into global energy markets. WEO-2011 once again gives detailed energy demand and supply projections out to 2035, broken down by region, fuel, sector and scenario.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/weo-2011---special-report---are-we-entering-a-golden-age--.html
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    The Contribution of Natural Gas Vehicles to Sustainable Transport (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The transport sector is currently responsible for 23% of energy-related CO2 emissions, and transport associated CO2 emissions will more than double by 2050. This working paper evaluates the potential costs and benefits of using natural gas as a vehicle fuel for road transportation, as well as the policy related to its market development.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/the-contribution-of-natural-gas-vehicles-to-sustainable-transport.html
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Medium-Term Oil and Gas Markets 2011 (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Oil and gas markets have been marked by an increased divergence in recent months. On the one hand, oil market developments have generated an unpleasant sense of déja vu: rapid demand growth in emerging markets eclipsed sluggish supply growth to push prices higher even before the conflict in Libya tightened supplies still further. Oil prices around $100/bbl are weighing down on an already-fragile macroeconomic and financial situation in the OECD, pressuring national budgets in the non-OECD and causing price inflation of other commodities, as well as political concerns about speculation. There is an uncanny resemblance to the first half of 2008. On the other hand, in the world of natural gas an amazing disconnect has developed as demand recovered to well above pre-financial-crisis levels in most major regions. Gas markets have tightened in Europe and Asia, where prices are about twice the level seen in the United States, as the unconventional gas revolution is in full swing. From the upstream implications of the Arab Spring to the macroeconomic consequences of the eurozone crisis, energy markets are experiencing one of the most uncertain periods in decades. Medium-Term Oil and Gas Markets 2011 provides a comprehensive outlook for oil and gas fundamentals through 2016. The oil market analysis covers demand developments on a product-by-product and key-sector basis, as well as a detailed bottom-up assessment of upstream and refinery investments, trade flows, oil products supply and OPEC spare capacity. The gas market analysis offers a region-by-region assessment of demand and production, infrastructure investment, price developments and prospects for unconventional gas. It also examines the globalising LNG trade.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/medium-term-oil-and-gas-markets-2011.html
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    The Impact of Wind Power on European Natural Gas Markets (2012)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Due to its clean burning properties, low investment costs and flexibility in production, natural gas is often put forward as the ideal partner fuel for wind power and other renewable sources of electricity generation with strongly variable output. This working paper examines three vital questions associated with this premise: 1) Is natural gas indeed the best partner fuel for wind power? 2) If so, to what extent will an increasing market share of wind power in European electricity generation affect demand for natural gas in the power sector? and 3) Considering the existing European natural gas markets, is natural gas capable of fulfilling this role of partner for renewable sources of electricity?
    Pages: Online-Ressource (54 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/the-impact-of-wind-power-on-european-natural-gas-markets.html
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2012 : Special Report - Golden Rules for a Golden Age of Gas (2012)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Natural gas is poised to enter a golden age, but this future hinges critically on the successful development of the world’s vast unconventional gas resources. North American experience shows unconventional gas - notably shale gas - can be exploited economically. Many countries are lining up to emulate this success. But some governments are hesitant, or even actively opposed. They are responding to public concerns that production might involve unacceptable environmental and social damage. This report, in the World Energy Outlook series, treats these aspirations and anxieties with equal seriousness. It features two new cases: a Golden Rules Case, in which the highest practicable standards are adopted, gaining industry a "social licence to operate"; and its counterpart, in which the tide turns against unconventional gas as constraints prove too difficult to overcome.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/weo-2012---special-report---golden-rules-for-a-golden-age-of-gas.html
    Language: English
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    Medium-Term Oil and Gas Markets 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: For the first time, the IEA has merged its medium-term market reports for oil and gas, thereby giving readers a broader perspective on global trends. Critical questions persist for both markets, including whether economic and energy demand outlooks are clearer than in mid-2009. For the first time, the IEA has merged its medium-term market reports for oil and gas, thereby giving readers a broader perspective on global trends. Critical questions persist for both markets, including whether economic and energy demand outlooks are clearer than in mid-2009. Do oil markets show a genuine structural shift in demand patterns? Will they sustain a nascent recovery in upstream spending evident in 2010? And how long will current levels of OPEC spare capacity persist? For the gas market, will demand recover from its collapse in 2009? How long will the gas glut last? Will unconventional gas revolutionise gas markets outside North America? And how is consumption changing in China, Russia and the Middle East? Medium-Term Oil and Gas Markets 2010 presents a comprehensive outlook for oil and gas market fundamentals over the next three to five years. The oil market analysis develops two demand scenarios that reflect uncertainties about the path of economic recovery after the global slow-down in 2008/09. Market balances are generated from detailed analysis of upstream investment projects, oil field decline rates, product-by-product demand trends, and refinery investment and operations. The gas market analysis assesses prices, unconventional gas, future demand developments and LNG markets, as well as investment across the gas value chain. With a focus on key producers (including Russia, the Caspian region and the Middle East) and rising LNG exporters (such as Australia), it examines implications for global gas markets.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/medium-term-oil-and-gas-markets-2010.html
    Language: English
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    Energy Efficiency Governance (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The purpose of this report is to help EE practitioners, government officials and stakeholders to establish the most effective EE governance structures, given their specific country context. It also aims to provide readers with relevant and accessible information to support the development of comprehensive and effective governance mechanisms. The International Energy Agency (IEA) conducted a global review of many elements of EE governance,including legal frameworks, institutional frameworks, funding mechanisms, co-ordination mechanisms and accountability arrangements, such as evaluation and oversight. The research tools included a survey of over 500 EE experts in 110 countries, follow-up interviews of over 120 experts in 27 countries and extensive desk study and literature searches on good EE governance.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/energy-efficiency-governance.html
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    Energy Technology Perspectives 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: ETP2010 will build on the success of earlier editions, by providing decision makers with more detailed practical information and tools that can help kick-start the transition to a more secure, sustainable and affordable energy future. The new publication will present: - Updated scenarios with greater regional detail providing insights on which new technologies will be most important in the different regions of the world; - Sectoral deep dives highlighting the key technological challenges and opportunities in each of the main energy-using sectors and the new policies that will be needed to realise change; - Roadmaps and transition pathways identifying the technical and policy barriers to accelerated deployment of the most important clean technologies and how these can be overcome.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (650 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/energy-technology-perspectives-2010.html
    Language: English
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    Saving Electricity in a Hurry (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: As demonstrated by the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami-triggered blackouts in Japan, electricity shortfalls can happen anytime and anywhere. Countries can minimise the negative economic, social and environmental impacts of such electricity shortfalls by developing emergency energy-saving strategies before a crisis occurs. This new IEA report Saving Electricity in a Hurry: Update 2011 highlights preliminary findings and conclusions from electricity shortfalls in Japan, the United States, New Zealand, South Africa and Chile. It draws on recent analysis to: - reinforce well-established guidelines on diagnosing electricity shortfalls, identifying energy-saving opportunities and selecting a package of energy-saving measures; and - highlight proven practice for implementing emergency energy-saving programmes. This paper will be valuable to government, academic, private-sector and civil-society stakeholders who inform, develop and implement electricity policy in general, and emergency energy-saving programmes in particular.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/saving-electricity-in-a-hurry-.html
    Language: English
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    Advantage Energy (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Increased focus has been placed on the issues of energy access and energy poverty over the last number of years, most notably indicated by the United Nations (UN) declaring 2012 as the “International Year of Sustainable Energy for All”. Although attention in these topics has increased, incorrect assumptions and misunderstandings still arise in both the literature and dialogues. Access to energy does not only include electricity, does not only include cook stoves, but must include access to all types of energy that form the overall energy system. This paper chooses to examine this energy system using a typology that breaks it into 3 primary energy subsystems: heat energy, electricity and transportation. Describing the global energy system using these three subsystems provides a way to articulate the differences and similarities for each system’s required investments needs by the private and public sectors.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/advantage-energy.html
    Language: English
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    Impact of Smart Grid Technologies on Peak Load to 2050 (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The IEA’s Smart Grids Technology Roadmap identified five global trends that could be effectively addressed by deploying smart grids. These are: increasing peak load (the maximum power that the grid delivers during peak hours), rising electricity consumption, electrification of transport, deployment of variable generation technologies (e.g. wind and solar PV) and ageing infrastructure. Along with this roadmap, a new working paper – Impact of Smart Grid Technologies on Peak Load to 2050 – develops a methodology to estimate the evolution of peak load until 2050. It also analyses the impact of smart grid technologies in reducing peak load for four key regions; OECD North America, OECD Europe, OECD Pacific and China. This working paper is a first IEA effort in an evolving modelling process of smart grids that is considering demand response in residential and commercial sectors as well as the integration of electric vehicles.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/impact-of-smart-grid-technologies-on-peak-load-to-2050.html
    Language: English
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    Empowering Customer Choice in Electricity Markets (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Timely and effective deployment of demand response could greatly increase power system flexibility, electricity security and market efficiency. Considerable progress has been made in recent years to harness demand response. However, most of this potential remains to be developed. The paper draws from IEA experience to identify barriers to demand response, and possible enablers that can encourage more timely and effective demand response including cost reflective pricing, retail market reform, and improved load control and metering equipment. Governments have a key role to play in developing and implementing the policy, legal, regulatory and market frameworks needed to empower customer choice and accelerate the development and deployment of cost-effective demand response.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/empowering-customer-choice-in-electricity-markets.html
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage : Model Regulatory Framework (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are set to double by 2050 unless decisive action is taken. International Energy Agency (IEA) analysis demonstrates, however, that it is possible – in the same timeframe to 2050 – to reduce projected greenhouse-gas emissions to half 2005 levels, but this will require an energy technology revolution, involving the aggressive deployment of a portfolio of low-carbon energy technologies.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/carbon-capture-and-storage-model-regulatory-framework.html
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage : Legal and Regulatory Review - Edition 1 (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Energy Agency (IEA) considers carbon capture and storage (CCS) a crucial part of worldwide efforts to limit global warming by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. The IEA has estimated that the broad deployment of low-carbon energy technologies could reduce projected 2050 emissions to half 2005 levels – and that CCS could contribute about one-fifth of those reductions. Reaching that goal, however, would require around 100 CCS projects to be implemented by 2020 and over 3 000 by 2050.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/carbon-capture-and-storage-legal-and-regulatory-review---edition-1.html
    Language: English
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    Convenient Solutions for an Inconvenient Truth : Ecosystem-based Approaches to Climate Change (2010)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: alternative energy ; sustainable forest management ; carbon finance ; carbon ; forests ; climate change ; biodiversity conservation ; emissions ; oceans ; silver ; colors ; carbon sinks ; carbon offsets ; climate ; ecosystem ; emissions from deforestation ; coral reefs ; carbon stores ; forest ; sustainable forest
    Description / Table of Contents: Global warming and changes in climate will have severe and lasting impacts on national efforts to alleviate poverty and promote sustainable development. Some of the world s poorest countries and communities are the most vulnerable and are already suffering the consequences. Yet often these countries are rich in natural capital, ecosystems, and biodiversity that can contribute to solutions as they can to climate change. Biodiversity is the foundation and mainstay of agriculture, forests, and fisheries. Biological resources provide the raw materials for livelihoods, agriculture, medicines, trade, tourism, and industry. Forests, grasslands, freshwater, and marine and other natural ecosystems provide a range of services, often not recognized in national economic accounts but vital to human welfare: regulating water flows and water quality, flood control, pollination, decontamination, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, and nutrient and hydrological cycling. Current efforts to address climate change focus mainly on reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly through cleaner energy strategies, and on attempting to reduce vulnerability of the communities at risk by improving infrastructure to meet new energy and water needs. This book book sets out a compelling argument for including ecosystem-based approaches to mitigation and adaptation as a third essential pillar in national strategies to address climate change. Such ecosystem-based strategies can offer cost-effective, proven and sustainable solutions contributing to, and complementing, other national and regional adaptation strategies.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 114 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821381274
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821381267
    Language: English
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    Social Dimensions of Climate Change : Equity and Vulnerability in a Warming World (2010)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: poverty reduction ; governance ; social justice ; energy efficiency ; social protection ; vulnerability ; climate ; climate change ; global warming ; emissions ; carbon ; equity ; renewable energy ; forest
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate change is arguably the most profound challenge facing the international community in the 21st century. It is as much a challenge for poverty reduction, growth, and development as it is a global environmental issue. Climate change could undermine or reverse progress in reducing poverty and attaining the Millennium Development Goals, thereby unraveling many of the development gains of recent decades. It already threatens the livelihoods, health, and well-being of millions of people worldwide, particularly the poorest, most vulnerable groups. This book focuses attention on these previously neglected and poorly understood social dimensions of climate change. It highlights equity and vulnerability as central organizing themes and illustrates the multiple ways that pro-poor climate policy and action should be integrated into existing approaches to poverty reduction and development—from the local to the global levels. This integration is needed both in terms of pro-poor approaches to climate change adaptation and in terms of better managing the social risks and potential benefits associated with measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 319 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821381427
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821378878
    Language: English
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    Energy Efficient Cities : Assessment Tools and Benchmarking Practices (2010)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: land use ; congestion ; climate change ; travel costs ; energy consumption ; fossil fuel ; population density ; trip ; congestion charging ; bus ; rapid transit ; infrastructure projects ; transport ; greenhouse gas ; car ; air ; emissions ; carbon neutral ; toll ; greenhouse gas emissions
    Description / Table of Contents: Energy is intrinsic to urban settlements, embedded in the built environment, and directly used to power socio-economic activity, transport and communications, and enable the provision of municipal services. In response to the crucial role of urban energy efficiency for environmentally sustainable and inclusive development processes, ESMAP’s Energy Efficient Cities Initiative (EECI) was launched in October 2008 to facilitate the implementation of practical energy solutions that meet the development priorities of cities, and simultaneously build their climate resilience. Chapter 1 begins with a contextual background on the inter-related associations between energy, socio-economic progress and urbanization. This edited volume compiles seven topical papers presented at the two EECI sponsored sessions during the World Bank’s fifth Urban Research Symposium, held at Marseille, France, June 28-30, 2009. Chapters 2–8 comprise the papers presented at these sessions: i) tools and assessment approaches on energy efficient urban development, and ii) good practices that promote low carbon sectoral interventions. The analytical tools and policy insights offered in this volume extend from integrated assessments of new cities to the impacts of socio-economic, climate and demographic changes on existing cities. Sector-specific interventions are discussed in the context of tools to ‘green’ buildings in Australia, the transformation to efficient lighting systems in the Philippines, and Demand Responsive Transport Systems in France. In addition, the documentation and benchmarking of a variety of low-carbon and carbon neutral good practices provides a range of practical insights on plausible energy efficient interventions in urban sectors. Thus the chapters in this publication comprise significant contributions to the ESMAP objective of mainstreaming and leveraging knowledge and initiatives on urban energy efficiency. Following from them, the last chapter 9 provides a contextual overview of ESMAP’s programmatic priorities to support energy efficient urban growth, to be effected through EECI.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 227 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821383094
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821381045
    Language: English
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    Indigenous Peoples and Climate Change in Latin America and the Caribbean (2010)
    Washington, D.C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: adaptation ; caribbean ; climate change ; community ; indigenous peoples ; latin america ; livelihoods ; poverty ; rural development ; vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: This book addresses the implications of climate change on indigenous peoples and communities living in the highlands, lowlands, and coastal areas of Latin America and the Caribbean. Across the region, indigenous people already experience the negative effects of climate change and variability. Their livelihoods are threatened by insecure food supplies and poor health. In addition, their cultural integrity is challenged: Indigenous peoples often blame themselves for the changes they observe in nature, despite their limited emission of greenhouse gasses. This book shows the complexity of how indigenous communities are affected by climate change, explores options for improving resilience, and provides guidance in the design of effective and sustainable adaptations. 'Changing climates of the world create new challenges not only for mainstream societies, but for indigenous and subsistence societies as well. The marginalized populations of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have long paid a price for their isolation from the colonial societies, but now the natural foundations of their marginal, traditional habitats and cultural spaces are being changed in ways that are yet to be fathomed. Kronik and Verner systematically and fairly thoroughly substantiate the effects of changing climate on the flora and fauna and patterns of life among indigenous populations in four regions of LAC: the Amazon, Andean and sub-Andean South America, and the Caribbean. Examinations of the vulnerabilities, adjustments, and potential adaptations of an assortment of peoples in each region illuminate the complexities of understanding what the world is up against with climate change, and can help to inform thinking about how the future will unfold. An extraordinary report of rigorous research that ought to be replicated everywhere.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 185 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821383810
    URL: http://books.google.com/books?id=MdAAGCpSXrUC
    Language: English
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    Berg Water Project : Communication Practices for Governance and Sustainability Improvement (2010)
    Washington, D.C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: bulk water ; climate change ; equitable access ; large dams ; river basins ; water conservation ; water infrastructure ; water legislation ; water management ; water quality ; water resources ; water supply ; water use
    Description / Table of Contents: The past decade has witnessed a major global shift in thinking about water, including the role that water infrastructure plays in sustainable development. This rethinking aims to balance better the social, economic, and environmental performance aspects in the development and management of large dams. Infrastructure strategies must complement strategies for water, environment, and energy security and for emerging concerns to reduce vulnerability in water resource systems to climate change on the horizon. Communication is central to multi-stakeholder dialogue and partnerships at all levels needed to achieve sustainability and governance reform in water resource management and infrastructure provision. At the same time, communication drives the advocacy to mobilize political will and public support for beneficial change and continuous improvement in practices. This case study emphasizes that is not only important to mobilize all opportunities to reconcile water demand and supply in river basins that are coming under increasing levels of water stress, but also to integrate effectively governance and anti-corruption reforms and sustainability improvements into all stages of the planning and project cycle - adding value for stakeholders.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 116 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821384343
    URL: http://books.google.com/books?id=SpqGp7a47cUC
    Language: English
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    Cities and Climate Change : Responding to an Urgent Agenda (2011)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; emissions ; poverty
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides the latest knowledge and practice in responding to the challenge of climate change in cities. Case studies focus on topics such as New Orleans in the context of a fragile environment, a framework to include poverty in the cities and climate change discussion, and measuring the impact of GHG emissions.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 306 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821386675
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821384930
    Language: English
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    Climate Change : Socioeconomic Effects (2011)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: This book shows some of the socio-economic impacts of climate change according to different estimates of the current or estimated global warming. A series of scientific and experimental research projects explore the impacts of climate change and browse the techniques to evaluate the related impacts. These 23 chapters provide a good overview of the different changes impacts that already have been detected in several regions of the world. They are part of an introduction to the researches being done around the globe in connection with this topic. However, climate change is not just an academic issue important only to scientists and environmentalists; it also has direct implications on various ecosystems and technologies.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (454 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533074115
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/climate-change-socioeconomic-effects
    Language: English
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    Cities and Flooding / Part 2 : A Guide to Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management for the 21st Century (2012)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: cities ; climate change ; distaster risk management ; environmental buffers ; flooding ; urban development
    Description / Table of Contents: Urban flooding is a significant challenge which today increasingly confronts the residents of the expanding cities and towns of developing countries, as well as policymakers and national, regional and local government officials. The Global Handbook presents the state-of-the art in urban flood risk management in a thorough and user-friendly way. It serves as a primer in integrated urban flood risk management for technical specialists, decision-makers and other concerned stakeholders in the private and community sectors. It covers the causes, probability and impacts of floods; the measures that can be used to manage flood risk, balancing structural and non-structural solutions in an integrated fashion; and the means by which these measures can be financed and implemented, and their progress monitored and evaluated.The Handbook provides an operational guide on how most effectively to manage the risk of floods in rapidly urbanizing settings – and within the context of a changing climate.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (631 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821394779
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821388662_part2
    Language: English
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    Climate Change : Geophysical Foundations and Ecological Effects (2011)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: This book offers an interdisciplinary view of the biophysical issues related to climate change. Climate change is a phenomenon by which the long-term averages of weather events (i.e. temperature, precipitation, wind speed, etc.) that define the climate of a region are not constant but change over time. There have been a series of past periods of climatic change, registered in historical or paleoecological records. In the first section of this book, a series of state-of-the-art research projects explore the biophysical causes for climate change and the techniques currently being used and developed for its detection in several regions of the world. The second section of the book explores the effects that have been reported already on the flora and fauna in different ecosystems around the globe. Among them, the ecosystems and landscapes in arctic and alpine regions are expected to be among the most affected by the change in climate, as they will suffer the more intense changes. The final section of this book explores in detail those issues.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (520 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533074191
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/show/title/climate-change-geophysical-foundations-and-ecological-effects
    Language: English
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    Climate Change : Research and Technology for Adaptation and Mitigation (2011)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides an interdisciplinary view of how to prepare the ecological and socio-economic systems to the reality of climate change. Scientifically sound tools are needed to predict its effects on regional, rather than global, scales, as it is the level at which socio-economic plans are designed and natural ecosystem reacts. The first section of this book describes a series of methods and models to downscale the global predictions of climate change, estimate its effects on biophysical systems and monitor the changes as they occur. To reduce the magnitude of these changes, new ways of economic activity must be implemented. The second section of this book explores different options to reduce greenhouse emissions from activities such as forestry, industry and urban development. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that climate change can be minimized, but not avoided, and therefore the socio-economic systems around the world will have to adapt to the new conditions to reduce the adverse impacts to the minimum. The last section of this book explores some options for adaptation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (488 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533076218
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/climate-change-research-and-technology-for-adaptation-and-mitigation
    Language: English
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    Cities and Flooding / Part 1 : A Guide to Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management for the 21st Century (2012)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: cities ; climate change ; distaster risk management ; environmental buffers ; flooding ; urban development
    Description / Table of Contents: Urban flooding is a significant challenge which today increasingly confronts the residents of the expanding cities and towns of developing countries, as well as policymakers and national, regional and local government officials. The Global Handbook presents the state-of-the art in urban flood risk management in a thorough and user-friendly way. It serves as a primer in integrated urban flood risk management for technical specialists, decision-makers and other concerned stakeholders in the private and community sectors. It covers the causes, probability and impacts of floods; the measures that can be used to manage flood risk, balancing structural and non-structural solutions in an integrated fashion; and the means by which these measures can be financed and implemented, and their progress monitored and evaluated. The Handbook provides an operational guide on how most effectively to manage the risk of floods in rapidly urbanizing settings – and within the context of a changing climate.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (631 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821394779
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821388662
    Language: English
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    Energy Technology Perspectives 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Energy Technology Perspectives (ETP) is the International Energy Agency’s most ambitious publication on new developments in energy technology. It demonstrates how technologies – from electric vehicles to smart grids – can make a decisive difference in achieving the objective of limiting the global temperature rise to 2°C and enhancing energy security. ETP 2012 presents scenarios and strategies to 2050, with the aim of guiding decision makers on energy trends and what needs to be done to build a clean, secure and competitive energy future. ETP 2012 shows: • Current progress on clean energy deployment, and what can be done to accelerate it • How energy security and low carbon energy are linked • How energy systems will become more complex in the future, why systems integration is beneficial and how it can be achieved • How demand for heating and cooling will evolve dramatically and which solutions will satisfy it • Why flexible electricity systems are increasingly important, and how a system with smarter grids, energy storage and flexible generation can work • Why hydrogen could play a big role in the energy system of the future • Why fossil fuels will not disappear but will see their roles change, and what it means for the energy system as a whole • What is needed to realise the potential of carbon capture and storage (CCS) • Whether available technologies can allow the world to have zero energy related emissions by 2075 – which seems a necessary condition for the world to meet the 2°C target
    Pages: Online-Ressource (690 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/energy-technology-perspectives-2012.html
    Language: English
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    Review Existing and Proposed Emissions Trading Systems (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: This paper reviews key design features of mandatory emissions trading systems that had been established or were under consideration in 2010, with a particular focus on implications for the energy sector. Putting a price on greenhouse gas emissions is a cornerstone policy in climate change mitigation. To this end, many countries have implemented or are developing domestic emissions trading systems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/review-existing-and-proposed-emissions-trading-systems.html
    Language: English
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    The economics of transition in the power sector (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The power sector carries a considerably great burden of the CO2 emission reductions required to address climate change, a feature common to many scenarios of emissions abatement. These reductions will only be possible if existing plants are replaced with more efficient and less-emitting types of plants over the coming decades. This report identifies the investments needed in the power sector, and their related risk factors.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (34 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/the-economics-of-transition-in-the-power-sector.html
    Language: English
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    Interactions of Policies for Renewable Energy and Climate (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: This paper explores the relationships between climate policy and renewable energy policy instruments. It shows that, even where CO2 emissions are duly priced, specific incentives for supporting the early deployment of renewable energy technologies are justified by the steep learning curves of nascent technologies. This early investment reduces costs in the longer term and makes renewable energy affordable when it needs to be deployed on a very large scale to fully contribute to climate change mitigation and energy security. The paper also reveals other noteworthy interaction effects of climate policy and renewable policy instruments on the wholesale electricity prices in deregulated markets, which open new areas for future research.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (26 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/interactions-of-policies-for-renewable-energy-and-climate.html
    Language: English
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    Climate and Electricity Annual 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Electricity use is growing worldwide, providing a range of energy services: lighting, heating and cooling, specific industrial uses, entertainment, information technologies, and mobility. Because its generation remains largely based on fossil fuels, electricity is also the largest and the fastest-growing source of energy-related CO2 emissions, the primary cause of human-induced climate change. Forecasts from the IEA and others show that “decarbonising” electricity and enhancing end-use efficiency can make major contributions to the fight against climate change. Global and regional trends on electricity supply and demand indicate the magnitude of the decarbonisation challenge ahead. As climate concerns become an essential component of energy policy-making, the generation and use of electricity will be subject to increasingly strong policy actions by governments to reduce their associated CO2 emissions. Despite these actions, and despite very rapid growth in renewable energy generation, significant technology and policy challenges remain if this unprecedented essential transition is to be achieved. The IEA Climate and Electricity Annual 2011 provides an authoritative resource on progress to date in this area, with statistics related to CO2 and the electricity sector across ten regions of the world. It also presents topical analyses on meeting the challenge of rapidly curbing CO2 emissions from electricity, from both a policy and technology perspective.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (90 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/climate-and-electricity-annual-2011.html
    Language: English
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    Energy Efficiency Policy and Carbon Pricing (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The main message of this paper is that while carbon pricing is a prerequisite for least-cost carbon mitigation strategies, carbon pricing is not enough to overcome all the barriers to cost-effective energy efficiency actions. Energy efficiency policy should be designed carefully for each sector to ensure optimal outcomes for a combination of economic, social and climate change goals. The main message of this paper is that while carbon pricing is a prerequisite for least-cost carbon mitigation strategies, carbon pricing is not enough to overcome all the barriers to cost-effective energy efficiency actions. Energy efficiency policy should be designed carefully for each sector to ensure optimal outcomes for a combination of economic, social and climate change goals. This paper aims to examine the justification for specific energy efficiency policies in economies with carbon pricing in place. The paper begins with an inventory of existing market failures that attempt to explain the limited uptake of energy efficiency. These market failures are investigated to see which can be overcome by carbon pricing in two subsectors – electricity use in residential appliances and heating energy use in buildings. This analysis finds that carbon pricing addresses energy efficiency market failures such as externalities and imperfect energy markets. However, several market and behavioural failures in the two subsectors are identified that appear not to be addressed by carbon pricing. These include: imperfect information; principal-agent problems; and behavioural failures. In this analysis, the policies that address these market failures are identified as complementary to carbon pricing and their level of interaction with carbon pricing policies is relatively positive. These policies should be implemented when they can improve energy efficiency effectively and efficiently (and achieve other national goals such as improving socio-economic efficiency).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/energy-efficiency-policy-and-carbon-pricing.html
    Language: English
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    Cost and Performance of Carbon Dioxide Capture from Power Generation : Model Regulatory Framework (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: This working paper evaluates cost and performance trends related to carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from power generation, based on extensive analysis of data from major engineering studies published between 2006 and 2010. Since individual studies use different methodologies and boundary conditions, study estimates for over 50 CO2 capture installations are re-evaluated on a consistent basis and updated to current cost levels. The paper discusses the need for further standardisation of evaluation methodologies and additional data for specific CO2 capture routes. Further analysis for non-OECD countries is considered crucial for global energy scenario models, and for improving the skills and knowledge developing countries need to evaluate the role of CCS in their national energy contexts.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/cost-and-performance-of-carbon-dioxide-capture-from-power-generation.html
    Language: English
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    Greenhouse Gases : Capturing, Utilization and Reduction (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: greenhouse gases ; global warming ; climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: Understanding greenhouse gas capture, utilization, reduction, and storage is essential for solving issues such as global warming and climate change that result from greenhouse gas. Taking advantage of the authors' experience in greenhouse gases, this book discusses an overview of recently developed techniques, methods, and strategies: - Novel techniques and methods on greenhouse gas capture by physical adsorption and separation, chemical structural reconstruction, and biological utilization. - Systemic discussions on greenhouse gas reduction by policy conduction, mitigation strategies, and alternative energy sources. - A comprehensive review of geological storage monitoring technologies.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535101925
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/greenhouse-gases-capturing-utilization-and-reduction
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    Greenhouse Gases : Emission, Measurement and Management (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: greenhouse gases ; global warming ; climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: Understanding greenhouse gas sources, emissions, measurements, and management is essential for capture, utilization, reduction, and storage of greenhouse gas, which plays a crucial role in issues such as global warming and climate change. Taking advantage of the authors' experience in greenhouse gases, this book discusses an overview of recently developed techniques, methods, and strategies: - A comprehensive source investigation of greenhouse gases that are emitted from hydrocarbon reservoirs, vehicle transportation, agricultural landscapes, farms, non-cattle confined buildings, and so on. - Recently developed detection and measurement techniques and methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy, landfill-based carbon dioxide and methane measurement, and miniaturized mass spectrometer.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (514 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535103233
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/greenhouse-gases-emission-measurement-and-management
    Language: English
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    Irrigation : Water Management, Pollution and Alternative Strategies (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: hydrology ; pollution ; climate change ; oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Irrigated agriculture is the most significant user of fresh water in the world and, due to the large area occupied, is one of the major pollution sources for the water resources. This book comprises 12 chapters that cover different issues and problematics of irrigated agriculture: from water use in different irrigated systems to pollution generated by irrigated agriculture. Moreover, the book also includes chapters that deal with new possibilities of improving irrigation techniques through the reuse of drainage water and wastewater, helping to reduce freshwater extractions. A wide range of issues is herein presented, related to the evaluation of irrigated agriculture impacts and management practices to reduce these impacts on the environment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535104216
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/irrigation-water-management-pollution-and-alternative-strategies
    Language: English
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    World Development Report 2010: Development and Climate Change (2010)
    Washington, D.C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: emission scenarios ; colors ; vegetative cover ; oceans ; energy efficiency ; greenhouse gas ; temperature anomalies ; temperature ; emission ; greenhouse gas emissions ; carbon ; low-carbon ; climate change ; carbon cycle ; ecosystem ; ipcc ; greenhouse ; climate ; carbon dioxide ; chlorophyll concentration
    Description / Table of Contents: Today's enormous development challenges are complicated by the reality of climate change�the two are inextricably linked and together demand immediate attention. Climate change threatens all countries, but particularly developing ones. Understanding what climate change means for development policy is the central aim of the World Development Report 2010. It explores how public policy can change to better help people cope with new or worsened risks, how land and water management must adapt to better protect a threatened natural environment while feeding an expanding and more prosperous population, and how energy systems will need to be transformed.The report is an urgent call for action, both for developing countries who are striving to ensure policies are adapted to the realities and dangers of a hotter planet, and for high-income countries who need to undertake ambitious mitigation while supporting developing countries efforts. A climate-smart world is within reach if we act now to tackle the substantial inertia in the climate, in infrastructure, and in behaviors and institutions; if we act together to reconcile needed growth with prudent and affordable development choices; and if we act differently by investing in the needed energy revolution and taking the steps required to adapt to a rapidly changing planet.In the crowded field of climate change reports, WDR 2010 uniquely: -- emphasizes development -- takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation -- highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape and how to seize them -- proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 417 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821379882
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/wdr2010_overview
    Language: English
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    Eco2 Cities : Ecological Cities as Economic Cities (2010)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: greenhouse gas emission reduction ; energy consumption ; bus ; greenhouse gas emission ; rapid transit ; pedestrian ; pedestrian pathway ; climate change ; transportation network ; road pricing ; emission ; urban transportation ; travel demand ; rebates ; greenhouse gas ; road ; transport ; transport sector ; transit ; travel demand management
    Description / Table of Contents: The Eco2 Cities approach is a point of departure for cities that would like to reap the many benefits of ecological and economic sustainability. It provides an analytical and operational framework that offers strategic guidance to cities on sustainable and integrated urban development. At the same time case studies are used throughout the book to provide a matter-of-fact and ground-level perspective. The Eco2 framework is flexible and easily customized to the context of each country or city. Based on the particular circumstances and the development priorities of a city - the application of the framework can contribute to the development of a unique action plan or roadmap in each case. This action plan can be triggered through catalyst projects.To support this framework, the book also begins to introduce some powerful and practical methods and tools that can further enable sustainable and integrated city planning and decision making. These include 1) operational and process methods that can strengthen collaborative decision making and cross-sector synergies in a city; 2) analytical methods ranging from diagnostics, simulation, design and scenario-generation; and 3) accounting and benchmarking methods which can help clarify, define and measure what it means to truly invest in sustainability and resilience.As additional reference reading, the book also features a series of case studies from best practice cities around the world, each demonstrating a very different dimension of the Eco2 approach. It also features a series of infrastructure sector notes (on spatial development, transport, energy, water and waste management), each of which explore sector specific issues as they pertain to urban development, and the many opportunities for coordination and integration across sectors.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 358 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821381441
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821380468
    Language: English
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    Climate Impacts on Energy Systems : Key Issues for Energy Sector Adaptation (2011)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: adaptation ; climate change ; climate projections
    Description / Table of Contents: While the energy sector is a primary target of efforts to arrest and reverse the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and lower the carbon footprint of development, it is also expected to be increasingly affected by unavoidable climate consequences from the damage already induced in the biosphere. Energy services and resources, as well as seasonal demand, will be increasingly affected by changing trends, increasing variability, greater extremes and large inter-annual variations in climate parameters in some regions. All evidence suggests that adaptation is not an optional add-on but an essential reckoning on par with other business risks. Existing energy infrastructure, new infrastructure and future planning need to consider emerging climate conditions and impacts on design, construction, operation, and maintenance. Integrated risk-based planning processes will be critical to address the climate change impacts and harmonize actions within and across sectors. Also, awareness, knowledge, and capacity impede mainstreaming of climate adaptation into the energy sector. However, the formal knowledge base is still nascent—information needs are complex and to a certain extent regionally and sector specific. This report provides an up-to-date compendium of what is known about weather variability and projected climate trends and their impacts on energy service provision and demand. It discusses emerging practices and tools for managing these impacts and integrating climate considerations into planning processes and operational practices in an environment of uncertainty. It focuses on energy sector adaptation, rather than mitigation which is not discussed in this report. This report draws largely on available scientific and peer-reviewed literature in the public domain and takes the perspective of the developing world to the extent possible.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 178 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821386989
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821386972
    Language: English
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    Planet Earth 2011 - Global Warming Challenges and Opportunities for Policy and Practice (2011)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: environmental engineering ; climate change ; global warming
    Description / Table of Contents: The failure of the UN climate change summit in Copenhagen in December 2009 to effectively reach a global agreement on emission reduction targets, led many within the developing world to view this as a reversal of the Kyoto Protocol and an attempt by the developed nations to shirk out of their responsibility for climate change. The issue of global warming has been at the top of the political agenda for a number of years and has become even more pressing with the rapid industrialization taking place in China and India. This book looks at the effects of climate change throughout different regions of the world and discusses to what extent cleantech and environmental initiatives such as the destruction of fluorinated greenhouse gases, biofuels, and the role of plant breeding and biotechnology. The book concludes with an insight into the socio-religious impact that global warming has, citing Christianity and Islam.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (646 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533077338
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/show/title/planet-earth-2011-global-warming-challenges-and-opportunities-for-policy-and-practice
    Language: English
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    Extreme City : Climate Change and the Transformation of the Waterscape (2010)
    Venezia : Università Iuav di Venezia
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; urbanisme ; Veneto region ; water ; waterscape
    Description / Table of Contents: “Extreme City - Climate change and the transformation of the waterscape” is the book about the results of the Intensive Learning Programme held recently at the Iuav University (Venice, 3rd – 15th April 2010) with the projectual explorations of the EMU students and the teachers contributions. The goals of the intensive programme have been to deal with changes in the water space in climate change conditions. A “research by design” approach was chosen as the starting point of a reflection on techniques and forms of knowledge which use the project to tackle complex issues. A multidisciplinary approach has been proposed to deal with the vulnerability of a dispersedly inhabited region.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (289 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9788887697438
    URL: http://www.extremecities.net/
    Language: English
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    Climate Models (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate Models offers a sampling of cutting edge research contributed by an international roster of scientists. The studies strive to improve our understanding of the physical environment for life on this planet. Each of the 14 essays presents a description of recent advances in methodologies for computer-based simulation of environmental variability. Subjects range from planetary-scale phenomena to regional ecology, from impacts of air pollution to the factors influencing floods and heat waves. The discerning reader will be rewarded with new insights concerning modern techniques for the investigation of the natural world.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535101352
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-models
    Language: English
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    Climate Change and Regional/Local Responses (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; oceanography and atmospheric sciences ; climate change
    Pages: Online-Ressource (247 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111320
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-change-and-regional-local-responses
    Language: English
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    Climate Change : Realities, Impacts Over Ice Cap, Sea Level and Risks (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: The Earth is the only planet in our solar system that supports life. The complex process of evolution occurred on Earth only because of some unique environmental conditions that were present: water, an oxygen-rich atmosphere, and a suitable surface temperature. Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). Thus, it requires field of attention towards reduction in the rise in atmospheric temperature, by controlling emitted greenhouse gases into the atmosphere in order to preserve natural resources and by introducing new technologies on alternative fuels. This book presents the fundamental effect on the origin of climate change, impacts over ice cap, melting of Arctic ice, rise in sea level and related technologies that can be implemented to cultivate our land for agriculture, growing forestation to reduce the impact of temperature rise and disaster on human being as well as on other livelihood. This also need to strive for novel policies that world leader should adopt.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (508 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535109341
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-change-realities-impacts-over-ice-cap-sea-level-and-risks
    Language: English
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    Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate scenarios suggest that current forest stands will face radically different temperature and precipitation conditions in the future. Developing future strategies for forest management in the face of uncertain and highly variable forecasts of future site conditions is a great challenge. Here we have analyzed transnational case studies dealing with different manifestations of climate change effects. We intend to stimulate the discussion on management strategies to adapt forests in the Alps to climate change risks. The presented results are derived from the INTERREG project “Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks” that was implemented within the framework of the European Territorial Cooperation “Alpine Space Programme 2007-2013.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (383 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111948
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/management-strategies-to-adapt-alpine-space-forests-to-climate-change-risks
    Language: English
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    Climate Variability : Regional and Thematic Patterns (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: As societies transition to evidence-based adaptation and management there is increasing recognition of the need for understanding climate change and variability dynamics and impacts at regional levels and for various activities. This book is a contribution toward that goal. Readers interested in climate change management will find detailed discussions of climatic variability dynamics in selected regions as well as new innovative ways of monitoring climate change, assessing climate risks, and predicting impacts. Those interested in refreshing the fundamentals of climate change and climate variability will find a very accessible review of the status of knowledge on the subject, including a balanced interrogation of available evidence. In an attempt to keep the book accessible, every effort was made to minimize technical jargon without compromising scientific accuracy. The result should be useful to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (203 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111870
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-variability-regional-and-thematic-patterns
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD/IEA (Please request login data at the PIK library)
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Does growth in North American oil supply herald a new era of abundance - or does turmoil in parts of the Middle East cloud the horizon? How much can energy efficiency close the competitiveness gap caused by differences in regional energy prices? What considerations should shape decision-making in countries using, pursuing or phasing out nuclear power? How close is the world to using up the available carbon budget, which cannot be exceeded if global warming is to be contained? How can sub-Saharan Africa's energy sector help to unlock a better life for its citizens? Answers to these questions and a host of others are to be found in the pages of World Energy Outlook 2014 (WEO-2014), released on 12 November in London. Bringing together the latest data and policy developments, the WEO-2014 presents up to date projections of energy trends for the first time through to 2040. Oil, natural gas, coal, renewables and energy efficiency are covered, along with updates on trends in energy-related CO2emissions, fossil-fuel and renewable energy subsidies, and universal access to modern energy services.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (726 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264208056
    URL: http://bib-app.gfz-potsdam.de/intern/pubint/weo2014.pdf
    Language: English
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    Stolen Future, Broken Present : The Human Significance of Climate Change (2014)
    Ann Arbor, Michigan : Open Humanities Press
    Details
    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: This book argues that climate change has a devastating effect on how we think about the future. Once several positive feedback loops in Earth’s dynamic systems, such as the melting of the Arctic icecap or the drying of the Amazon, cross the point of no return, the biosphere is likely to undergo severe and irreversible warming. Nearly everything we do is premised on the assumption that the world we know will endure into the future and provide a sustaining context for our activities. But today the future of a viable biosphere, and thus the purpose of our present activities, is put into question. A disappearing future leads to a broken present, a strange incoherence in the feel of everyday life. We thus face the unprecedented challenge of salvaging a basis for our lives today. That basis, this book argues, may be found in our capacity to assume an infinite responsibility for ecological disaster and, like the biblical Job, to respond with awe to the alien voice that speaks from the whirlwind. By owning disaster and accepting our small place within the inhuman forces of the biosphere, we may discover how to live with responsibility and serenity whatever may come.
    ISBN: 9781607853145
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3998/ohp.12832550.0001.001
    Language: English
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    Evaluating the co-benefits of low-income energy-efficiency programmes (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Energy Agency’s Energy Efficiency Unit (EEU) has begun a new programme of work on innovative energy-efficiency policies for mitigating fuel poverty. The IEAs current research focuses on the potential for low-income weatherisation programmes to address poor housing quality – the main driver of fuel poverty - as well as innovative methods for financing and evaluating such programmes. A common problem is that the energy-saving benefits accruing to fuel-poor households barely offset the investment required, suggesting a weak return on government spending. However, these investments have additional co-benefits for participants as well as for energy providers, property owners, local communities and society as a whole. This first IEA workshop focused on methods for incorporating the range of co-benefits into evaluation of low-income weatherisation programmes. The presentations given by top experts in the fuel poverty field are summarised in this report, along with conclusions and proposals for further research.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/evaluating-the-co-benefits-of-low-income-energy-efficiency-programmes.html
    Language: English
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    Seamless Power Markets (2014)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Integrating electricity markets across regions is vital both for the integration of renewable energies and to control production and distribution costs. But cross-border electricity trade continues to be perceived as potentially risky to security of electricity supply. In response, this report suggests the need for strong co-ordination of electricity security regulatory frameworks across jurisdictions. Based on the experience of International Energy Agency (IEA) member countries, this paper identifies two ways to integrate markets over wider geographic areas. The straightforward solution is to consolidate markets and system operations. For instance, merging system operators ensures that the same rules for electricity system security apply across all consolidated control areas. When this is not feasible, because of institutional barriers, co-ordinating markets and system operations can be improved One key finding of this report is that the integration of electricity security rules often lags behind integration the integration of markets themselves. This hinders the further developments needed to accommodate renewables. Governments can work together to coordinate electricity security regulations and develop the seamless power markets needed to attain decarbonisation targets.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/seamless-power-markets.html
    Language: English
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    The IEA Model of Short-term Energy Security (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ensuring energy security has been at the centre of the IEA mission since its inception, following the oil crises of the early 1970s. While the security of oil supplies remains important, contemporary energy security policies must address all energy sources and cover a a comprehensive range of natural, economic and political risks that affect energy sources, infrastructures and services. In response to this challenge, the IEA is currently developing a Model Of Short-term Energy Security (MOSES) to evaluate the energy security risks and resilience capacities of its member countries. The current version of MOSES covers short-term security of supply for primary energy sources and secondary fuels among IEA countries. It also lays the foundation for analysis of vulnerabilities of electricity and end-use energy sectors. MOSES contains a novel approach to analysing energy security, which can be used to identify energy security priorities, as a starting point for national energy security assessments and to track the evolution of a country’s energy security profile. By grouping together countries with similar “energy security profiles”, MOSES depicts the energy security landscape of IEA countries. By extending the MOSES methodology to electricity security and energy services in the future, the IEA aims to develop a comprehensive policy-relevant perspective on global energy security. Ensuring energy security has been at the centre of the IEA mission since its inception, following the oil crises of the early 1970s. While the security of oil supplies remains important, contemporary energy security policies must address all energy sources and cover a a comprehensive range of natural, economic and political risks that affect energy sources, infrastructures and services. In response to this challenge, the IEA is currently developing a Model Of Short-term Energy Security (MOSES) to evaluate the energy security risks and resilience capacities of its member countries. The current version of MOSES covers short-term security of supply for primary energy sources and secondary fuels among IEA countries. It also lays the foundation for analysis of vulnerabilities of electricity and end-use energy sectors. MOSES contains a novel approach to analysing energy security, which can be used to identify energy security priorities, as a starting point for national energy security assessments and to track the evolution of a country’s energy security profile. By grouping together countries with similar “energy security profiles”, MOSES depicts the energy security landscape of IEA countries. By extending the MOSES methodology to electricity security and energy services in the future, the IEA aims to develop a comprehensive policy-relevant perspective on global energy security. This Working Paper is intended for readers who wish to explore the MOSES methodology in depth; there is also a brochure which provides an overview of the analysis and results.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/the-iea-model-of-short-term-energy-security.html
    Language: English
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    Measuring Short-term Energy Security (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: MOSES contains a novel approach to analysing energy security, which can be used to identify energy security priorities, as a starting point for national energy security assessments and to track the evolution of a country’s energy security profile. By grouping together countries with similar “energy security profiles”, MOSES depicts the energy security landscape of IEA countries. By extending the MOSES methodology to electricity security and energy services in the future, the IEA aims to develop a comprehensive policy-relevant perspective on global energy security. Ensuring energy security has been at the centre of the IEA mission since its inception, following the oil crises of the early 1970s. While the security of oil supplies remains important, contemporary energy security policies must address all energy sources and cover a a comprehensive range of natural, economic and political risks that affect energy sources, infrastructures and services. In response to this challenge, the IEA is currently developing a Model Of Short-term Energy Security (MOSES) to evaluate the energy security risks and resilience capacities of its member countries. The current version of MOSES covers short-term security of supply for primary energy sources and secondary fuels among IEA countries. It also lays the foundation for analysis of vulnerabilities of electricity and end-use energy sectors. MOSES contains a novel approach to analysing energy security, which can be used to identify energy security priorities, as a starting point for national energy security assessments and to track the evolution of a country’s energy security profile. By grouping together countries with similar “energy security profiles”, MOSES depicts the energy security landscape of IEA countries. By extending the MOSES methodology to electricity security and energy services in the future, the IEA aims to develop a comprehensive policy-relevant perspective on global energy security. This Brochure provides and overview of the analysis and results. Readers interested in an in-depth discussion of methodology are referred to the MOSES Working Paper.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/measuring-short-term-energy-security.html
    Language: English
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    Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: This joint report by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) is the seventh in a series of studies on electricity generating costs. It presents the latest data available for a wide variety of fuels and technologies, including coal and gas (with and without carbon capture), nuclear, hydro, onshore and offshore wind, biomass, solar, wave and tidal as well as combined heat and power (CHP). It provides levelised costs of electricity (LCOE) per MWh for almost 200 plants, based on data covering 21 countries (including four major non-OECD countries), and several industrial companies and organisations. For the first time, the report contains an extensive sensitivity analysis of the impact of variations in key parameters such as discount rates, fuel prices and carbon costs on LCOE. Additional issues affecting power generation choices are also examined. The study shows that the cost competitiveness of electricity generating technologies depends on a number of factors which may vary nationally and regionally. Readers will find full details and analyses, supported by over 130 figures and tables, in this report which is expected to constitute a valuable tool for decision makers and researchers concerned with energy policies and climate change.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/projected-costs-of-generating-electricity-2010-edition.html
    Language: English
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    Life on the Margins : An Archaeological Investigation of Late Holocene Economic Variability, Blue Mud Bay, Northern Australia (2013)
    Canberra : ANU Press
    Details
    Keywords: archaeology ; northern Australia ; environment ; climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: The research presented here is primarily concerned with human-environment interactions on the tropical coast of northern Australia during the late Holocene. Based on the suggestion that significant change can occur within short time-frames as a direct result of interactive processes, the archaeological evidence from the Point Blane Peninsula, Blue Mud Bay, is used to address the issue of how much change and variability occurred in hunter-gatherer economic and social structures during the late Holocene in coastal northeastern Arnhem Land. The suggestion proposed here is that processes of environmental and climatic change resulted in changes in resource distribution and abundance, which in turn affected patterns of settlement and resource exploitation strategies, levels of mobility and, potentially, the size of foraging groups on the coast. The question of human behavioural variability over the last 3000 years in Blue Mud Bay has been addressed by examining issues of scale and resolution in archaeological interpretation, specifically the differential chronological and spatial patterning of shell midden and mound sites on the peninsula in conjunction with variability in molluscan resource exploitation. To this end, the biological and ecological characteristics of the dominant molluscan species is considered in detail, in combination with assessing the potential for human impact through predation. Investigating pre-contact coastal foraging behaviour via the archaeological record provides an opportunity for change to recognised in a number of ways. For example, a differential focus on resources, variations in group size and levels of mobility can all be identified. It has also been shown that human-environment interactions are non-linear or progressive, and that human behaviour during the late Holocene was both flexible and dynamic.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 216 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781925021103
    URL: http://press.anu.edu.au?p=245491
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage : Legal and Regulatory Review - Edition 3 (2012)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Energy Agency (IEA) considers carbon capture and storage (CCS) a crucial part of worldwide efforts to limit global warming by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. The IEA estimates that emissions can be reduced to a level consistent with a 2°C global temperature increase through the broad deployment of low-carbon energy technologies – and that CCS would contribute about one-fifth of emission reductions in this scenario. Achieving this level of deployment will require that regulatory frameworks – or rather a lack thereof – do not unnecessarily impede environmentally safe demonstration and deployment of CCS, so in October 2010 the IEA launched the IEA Carbon Capture and Storage Legal and Regulatory Review. The CCS Review is a regular review of CCS regulatory progress worldwide. Produced annually, it collates contributions by national and regional governments, as well as leading organisations engaged in CCS regulatory activities, to provide a knowledge-sharing forum to support CCS framework development. Each two page contribution provides a short summary of recent and anticipated CCS regulatory developments and highlights a particular, pre-nominated regulatory theme. To introduce each edition, the IEA provides a brief analysis of key advances and trends, based on the contributions submitted. The theme for this third edition is stakeholder engagement in the development of CO2 storage projects. Other issues addressed include: regulating CO2-EOR, CCS and CO2-EOR for storage; CCS incentive policy; key, substantive issues being addressed by jurisdictions taking steps to finalise CCS regulatory framework development; and CCS legal and regulatory developments in the context of the Clean Energy Ministerial Carbon Capture, Use and Storage Action Group.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/carbon-capture-and-storage-legal-and-regulatory-review---edition-3.html
    Language: English
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    Zwei Alpentäler im Klimawandel (2010)
    Innsbruck : Innsbruck University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Alps ; Austria ; climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: The history of climate change in the valleys near Rauris and Flattach north and south of the Hohe Tauern mountain ridge was investigated in the project “A Tale of Two Valleys”. The story begins long before human settlement and projects into the future. Increasing impact of human activity causes a growing responsibility for the climate on earth. Concurrently precautions are required to cope with the adverse effects of climate change. Change is a fact. Understanding interactions between climate, landscape, and economy is pivotal to meet the challenge. | Sich heute mit den Alpen zu befassen bedeutet eine Reihe großer und unterschiedlicher Themen anzugehen, Themen, die von der Vielfalt und Ausdehnung des Territoriums, der Größe und der Vielfalt der Bevölkerung, der Verschiedenheit und der unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeit der Umwandlungsprozesse abhängen, die seit mehr als einem Jahrhundert und in verschiedenster Weise die große Gebirgskette der Alpen mit ihren diversen Teilen beeinflusst, welche diese Vorgänge zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten und in unterschiedlicher Weise erlebt und erlitten haben oder noch erleiden. Dieser Band vereinigt die Beiträge maßgeblicher Exponenten aus der Welt der Kultur, der Politik und der Wirtschaft, die ihre Thesen und Ergebnisse anlässlich der Fünften Internationalen Tagung der Rete Montagna in Chiavenna (I) und Castasegna (CH) zum Thema „Die Alpen im Wandel zwischen Risiken und Chancen“ vortrugen.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (199 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783902719447
    URL: http://oapen.org/search?identifier=503835
    Language: German
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    Deformation and Gravity Change, Volume II : Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism, and Climate Change (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; gravity change ; isostasy ; tectonics ; volcanism ; deformation ; geodynamic process
    Description / Table of Contents: During the last decades, the monitoring and modelling of various geodynamic processes have gained ever increasing importance. In particular, temporal variations of the deformation and gravity fields recorded by new types of geodetic measuring techniques and reflecting isostatic, tectonic or volcanic processes in the earth's interior as well as climatologically induced changes on its surface have opened new avenues. The present volume succeeds a similar topical volume published in 2007 and reflects the most recent developments in these fields of research. Part of the papers in this book were presented at the second workshop on 'Deformation and Gravity Change: Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism and Climate Change' that took place at the Casa de los Volcanes on Lanzarote, Spain, during March 27-30, 2007. It was jointly organized and supported by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, the Spanish Council for Scientific Research and the Cabildo Insular de Lanzarote. The workshop also served as the second meeting of the members of the IAG Working Group ICCT2 on 'Dynamic Theories of Deformation and Gravity Fields'.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034601474
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/166/8/
    Language: English
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    Low-Carbon Development: Latin American Responses to Climate Change (2010)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: climate change mitigation ; emission reductions ; electricity ; energy efficiency ; energy policy ; emission ; climate change ; drought ; climate ; forests ; carbon dioxide ; low-carbon ; global greenhouse gas emissions ; emissions ; colors ; deforestation ; transport sector ; global greenhouse gas ; carbon dioxide mitigation
    Description / Table of Contents: Governments and civil society in Latin America and the Caribbean should be well informed about the potential costs and benefits of combating climate change, their policy options over the next decades, and the global context for these policy decisions. At the same time, the global community needs to be better informed about the unique perspective of the Latin American and Caribbean region: problems the region will face, its potential contributions toward combating global warming, and how to maximize this potential while continuing to maintain growth and reduce poverty. This book, a companion volume to Low Carbon, High Growth: Latin American Responses to Climate Change, seeks to help fill both these needs.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 200 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821380819
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821380543
    Language: English
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    Climate Change and the World Bank Group : Phase II: The Challenge of Low-Carbon Development (2010)
    Washington, D. C. : The World Bank
    Details
    Keywords: carbon ; energy ; climate change ; coal emissions ; energy efficiency
    Description / Table of Contents: This study from the Independent Evaluation Group draws lessons for development and climate change mitigation from the World Bank Group’s far-reaching portfolio of projects in energy, forestry, transport, coal power, and technology transfer. Reviewing what has worked, what hasn’t, and why, the evaluation’s key findings include: Energy efficiency can offer countries direct economic returns that dwarf those of most other development projects, while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Tropical forest protected areas, on average, significantly reduce tropical deforestation, preserving carbon and biodiversity. Deforestation rates are lower in areas that allowed sustainable use by local populations than in strictly protected areas. Deforestation rates were lowest of all in indigenous forest areas. For renewable energy projects, long-duration loans have been important in making projects financially viable.. But at prevailing carbon prices, carbon offset sales had little impact on most renewable energy projects’ rate of returns, and did not address investors’ need for up-front capital. Technology transfer – broadly understood to include diffusion of technical and financial innovations related to low-carbon development – has worked well when the logic of piloting and demonstration is well thought out, and when grants are used to mitigate the risk of pioneering efforts.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 128 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780821386545
    URL: http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821386538
    Language: English
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    Global Warming (2010)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; global warming
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is intended to introduce the reader to examples of the range of practical problems posed by "Global Warming". It includes 11 chapters split into 5 sections. Section 1 outlines the recent changes in the Indian Monsoon, the importance of greenhouse gases to life, and the relative importance of changes in solar radiation in causing the changes. Section 2 discusses the changes to natural hazards such as floods, retreating glaciers and potential sea level changes. Section 3 examines planning cities and transportation systems in the light of the changes, while section 4 looks at alternative energy sources. Section 5 estimates the changes to the carbon pool in the alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The 11 authors come from 9 different countries, so the examples are taken from a truly international set of problems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533071497
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/global-warming
    Language: English
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    Technologies for Climate Change Adaptation : Coastal Erosion and Flooding (2010)
    Roskilde : UNEP Risø Centre
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; adaptation technologies
    Description / Table of Contents: Sea level rise, more intense storm surges, and other climate change impacts will pose serious threats to large number of people living along the worlds coasts. This guidebook covers thirteen main adaptation technologies for coastal erosion and flooding due to climate change. For each technology, the authors present a technology description, its advantages and disadvantages, costs and benefits, institutional organisation requirements and detailed examples about its application. This guidebook is co-authored by Matthew M. Linham and Robert J. Nicholls from the University of Southampton. Professor Nicholls is one of the top international experts on coastal impacts and adaptation to climate change, with an emphasis on seal level rise. This guidebook will be a useful handbook for policy makers and coastal zone project planners. This publication is one of the adaptation and mitigation technology guidebooks produced as part of the GEF-funded Technology Needs Assessment (TNA) project. This project is undertaken by UNEP and URC in 36 developing countries.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 150 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9788755038554
    URL: http://www.unep.org/publications/contents/pub_details_search.asp?ID=6189
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Industry and government decision makers and others with a stake in the energy sector all need WEO-2012. It presents authoritative projections of energy trends through to 2035 and insights into what they mean for energy security, environmental sustainability and economic development. Oil, coal, natural gas, renewables and nuclear power are all covered, together with an update on climate change issues. Global energy demand, production, trade, investment and carbon-dioxide emissions are broken down by region or country, by fuel and by sector. Special strategic analyses cover: - What unlocking the purely economic potential for energy efficiency could do, country-by-country and sector-by-sector, for energy markets, the economy and the environment. - The Iraqi energy sector, examining both its importance in satisfying the country’s own needs and its crucial role in meeting global oil and gas demand. - The water-energy nexus, as water resources become increasingly stressed and access more contentious. - Measures of progress towards providing universal access to modern energy services. There are many uncertainties; but many decisions cannot wait. The insights of WEO-2012 are invaluable to those who must shape our energy future.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (668 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264180840
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/world-energy-outlook-2012.html
    Language: English
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    Modern Climatology (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; climatology ; oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Climatology, the study of climate, is no longer regarded as a single discipline that treats climate as something that fluctuates only within the unchanging boundaries described by historical statistics. The field has recognized that climate is something that changes continually under the influence of physical and biological forces and so, cannot be understood in isolation but rather, is one that includes diverse scientific disciplines that play their role in understanding a highly complex coupled "whole system" that is the earth's climate. The modern era of climatology is echoed in this book. On the one hand it offers a broad synoptic perspective but also considers the regional standpoint, as it is this that affects what people need from climatology. Aspects on the topic of climate change - what is often considered a contradiction in terms - is also addressed. It is all too evident these days that what recent work in climatology has revealed carries profound implications for economic and social policy; it is with these in mind that the final chapters consider acumens as to the application of what has been learned to date.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (398 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535100959
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/modern-climatology
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: World Energy Outlook 2011 brings together the latest data, policy developments, and the experience of another year to provide robust analysis and insight into global energy markets, today and for the next 25 years. This edition of the IEA’s flagship WEO publication gives the latest energy demand and supply projections for different future scenarios, broken down by country, fuel and sector. It also gives special focus to such topical energy sector issues as: • Russia’s energy prospects and their implications for global markets. • The role of coal in driving economic growth in an emissions-constrained world. • The implications of a possible delay in oil and gas sector investment in the Middle East and North Africa. • How high-carbon infrastructure “lock-in” is making the 2°C climate change goal more challenging and expensive to meet. • The scale of fossil fuel subsidies and support for renewable energy and their impact on energy, economic and environmental trends. • A “Low Nuclear Case” to investigate what a rapid slowdown in the use of nuclear power would mean for the global energy landscape. • The scale and type of investment needed to provide modern energy to the billions of the world’s poor that do not have it. WEO-2011 provides invaluable insights into how the energy system could evolve over the next quarter of a century. The book is essential reading for anyone with a stake in the energy sector.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (659 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264124134
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/world-energy-outlook-2011.html
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD/IEA (Please request login data at the PIK library)
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Large differences in regional energy prices are set to affect industrial competitiveness, influencing investment decisions and company strategies. The extraordinary rise of light tight oil in the United States will play a major role in meeting global demand growth over the next decade, but the Middle East – the only large source of low-cost oil – will remain at the centre of the longer-term oil outlook. India is set to overtake China in the 2020s as the principal source of growth in global energy demand. These are just some of the key findings from the IEA in the latest edition of its World Energy Outlook released today in London. Bringing together the latest data and policy developments, the World Energy Outlook 2013 presents up to date, projections of energy trends through to 2035, fuel by fuel, sector by sector, region by region and scenario by scenario. Oil is analysed in-depth: resources, production, demand, refining and international trade. Energy efficiency is treated in much the same way as conventional fuels: Its prospects and contribution are presented in a dedicated chapter. The report examines the outlook for Brazil's energy sector and provides updates on three key areas of critical importance to energy and climate trends: (i) achieving universal energy access; (ii) developments in subsidies to fossil fuels and renewables; and (iii) the impact of energy use on climate change. World Energy Outlook 2013 - special early reports: - Special Report Redrawing the energy-climate map released 10 June - Special Report Southeast Asia Energy Outlook released on 2 October The World Energy Outlook is recognised as the most authoritative source of strategic analysis of global energy markets. It is regularly used as input to the development of government policies and business strategies and raises public awareness of the key energy and environmental challenges the world is facing.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (687 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264201309
    URL: http://bib-app.gfz-potsdam.de/intern/pubint/weo2013.pdf
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage : Progress and Next Steps (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Two years after the G8 leaders commitment to the broad deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) by 2020, significant progress has been made towards commercialisation of CCS technologies. Yet the 2008 Hokkaido G8 recommendation to launch 20 large-scale CCS demonstration projects by 2010 remains a challenge and will require that governments and industry accelerate the pace toward achieving this critical goal. This is one of the main findings of a new report by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF), and the Global CCS Institute, to be presented to G8 leaders at their June Summit in Muskoka, Canada.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/carbon-capture-and-storage-progress-and-next-steps.html
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2011 : Special Report - Energy for All (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: What impact will the return of high energy prices have on the fragile economic recovery? Will geopolitical unrest, price volatility and policy inaction defer investment in the oil sector and amplify risks to our energy security? What will renewed uncertainty surrounding the role of nuclear power mean for future energy and environmental trends? Is the gap between our climate actions and our climate goals becoming insurmountable? World Energy Outlook 2011 tackles these and other pressing questions. The latest data, policy developments, and the experience of another turbulent year are brought together to provide robust analysis and insight into global energy markets. WEO-2011 once again gives detailed energy demand and supply projections out to 2035, broken down by region, fuel, sector and scenario.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/weo-2011---special-report---energy-for-all.html
    Language: English
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    Advantage Energy (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Increased focus has been placed on the issues of energy access and energy poverty over the last number of years, most notably indicated by the United Nations (UN) declaring 2012 as the “International Year of Sustainable Energy for All”. Although attention in these topics has increased, incorrect assumptions and misunderstandings still arise in both the literature and dialogues. Access to energy does not only include electricity, does not only include cook stoves, but must include access to all types of energy that form the overall energy system. This paper chooses to examine this energy system using a typology that breaks it into 3 primary energy subsystems: heat energy, electricity and transportation. Describing the global energy system using these three subsystems provides a way to articulate the differences and similarities for each system’s required investments needs by the private and public sectors.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/advantage-energy.html
    Language: English
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    World Energy Outlook 2010 : Special Report - How to make Modern Energy Access Universal? (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Special early excerpt of the World Energy Outlook 2010 for the United Nations General Assembly on the Millenium Development Goals.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/weo-2010---special-report---how-to-make-modern-energy-access-universal.html
    Language: English
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    Comparative Study on Rural Electrification Policies in Emerging Economies (2010)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Brazil, China, India and South Africa have each worked to improve access to electricity services. While many of the challenges faced by these countries are similar, the means of addressing them varied in their application and effectiveness. This report analyses the four country profiles, determining the pre-requisites to successful rural electrification policies.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/comparative-study-on-rural-electrification-policies-in-emerging-economies.html
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage : Legal and Regulatory Review - Edition 2 (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that 100 carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects must be implemented by 2020 and over 3 000 by 2050 if CCS is to fully contribute to the least-cost technology portfolio for CO2 mitigation. To help countries address the many legal and regulatory issues associated with such rapid deployment, the IEA launched the Carbon Capture and Storage Legal and Regulatory Review (CCS Review) in October 2010. The CCS Review gathers contributions by national and regional governments, as well as leading organisations engaged in CCS regulatory activities, to provide a knowledge-sharing forum that supports national-level CCS regulatory development. Each contribution provides a short summary of recent and anticipated developments and highlights a particular regulatory theme (such as financial contributions to long-term stewardship). To introduce each edition, the IEA provides a brief analysis of key advances and trends. Produced bi-annually, the CCS Review provides an up-to-date snapshot of global CCS regulatory developments. The theme for the second edition of the CCS Review, released in May 2011, is long-term liability for stored CO2. Other key issues addressed include: national progress towards implementation of the EU CCS Directive; developments in marine treaties relevant to CCS; international climate change negotiations; and the development process for CCS regulation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/carbon-capture-and-storage-legal-and-regulatory-review---edition-2.html
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage : Legal and Regulatory Review - Edition 4 (2014)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
    Details
    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Energy Agency (IEA) considers carbon capture and storage (CCS) a crucial part of efforts to limit global warming by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. The IEA estimates that carbon dioxide emissions could be reduced to a level that would limit long‐term global temperature increases to 2°C through broad deployment of low‐carbon energy technologies, including CCS. In the IEA’s Energy Technology Perspectives 2012 2°C Scenario (2DS), CCS contributes about one‐seventh of cumulative emissions reductions from a business‐as-usual scenario through 2050. Achieving this contribution requires appropriate policy frameworks to both promote demonstration and deployment of CCS and ensure it is undertaken in a safe and environmentally responsible manner. The IEA Carbon Capture and Storage Legal and Regulatory Review aims to help countries develop their own regulatory frameworks by documenting and analysing recent CCS legal and regulatory developments from around the world. It was first published in 2010, and a new edition is released annually to provide an up‐to‐date snapshot of global CCS regulatory developments. Each edition includes short contributions from national, regional, state and provincial governments that review recent and anticipated CCS regulatory developments and highlight a particular, pre-nominated regulatory theme. To introduce each edition, the IEA provides a brief analysis of key advances and trends, based on the contributions submitted. The theme for this fourth edition of the CCS Review is policy measures to promote CCS demonstration and deployment. Other issues that have been highlighted include storage assessment and the Alberta Regulator Framework Assessment (RFA) process. Contributions from 22 governments and 6 international CCS organisations are presented in the fourth edition.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/insights/insightpublications/carbon-capture-and-storage-legal-and-regulatory-review---edition-4.html
    Language: English
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    Carbon Capture and Storage and the London Protocol (2011)
    Paris : OECD/IEA
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    Keywords: energy ; energy economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that 100 Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects will be required by 2020 and over 3 000 by 2050 if CCS is to contribute fully to the least-cost technology portfolio for CO2 mitigation. For CCS to reach its emissions reduction potential, the 2009 IEA publication Technology Roadmap: Carbon Capture and Storage recommends that international legal obstacles associated with global CCS deployment be removed by 2012 – including the prohibition on transboundary CO2 transfer under the London Protocol. The London Protocol was amended by contracting parties in 2009 to allow for cross-border transportation of CO2 for sub-seabed storage, but the amendment must be ratified by two-thirds of contracting parties to enter into force. It is unlikely that this will occur in the near term; this working paper therefore outlines options that may be available to contracting parties under international law to address the barrier to deployment presented by Article 6, pending formal entry into force of the 2009 amendment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/carbon-capture-and-storage-and-the-london-protocol.html
    Language: English
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    Altered Ecologies : Fire, climate and human influence on terrestrial landscapes (2010)
    Canberra : ANU Press
    Details
    Keywords: Australia ; environment ; climate change ; biogeography ; palaeoecology ; human ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Like a star chart this volume orientates the reader to the key issues and debates in Pacific and Australasian biogeography, palaeoecology and human ecology. A feature of this collection is the diversity of approaches ranging from interpretation of the biogeographic significance of plant and animal distributional patterns, pollen analysis from peats and lake sediments to discern Quaternary climate change, explanation of the patterns of faunal extinction events, the interplay of fire on landscape evolution, and models of the environmental consequences of human settlement patterns. The diversity of approaches, geographic scope and academic rigor are a fitting tribute to the enormous contributions of Geoff Hope. As made apparent in this volume, Hope pioneered multidisciplinary understanding of the history and impacts of human cultures in the Australia- Pacific region, arguably the globe’s premier model systems for understanding the consequences of human colonization on ecological systems. The distinguished scholars who have contributed to this volume also demonstrate Hope’s enduring contribution as an inspirational research leader, collaborator and mentor. Terra Australis leave no doubt that history matters, not only for land management, but more importantly, in alerting settler and indigenous societies alike to their past ecological impacts and future environmental trajectories.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (512 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781921666810
    URL: http://press.anu.edu.au?p=18701
    Language: English
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    Water Policy, Productivity and Economic Efficiency (2014)
    Basel, Beijing, Wuhan : MDPI
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    Keywords: water policy design ; economic efficiency and productivity ; water markets ; climate change ; evaluation instruments
    Description / Table of Contents: Over the past few decades, water policies have undergone significant changes in many countries, notably due to the development of national and international political, social, and environmental issues, including globalization, trade liberalization, institutional and legal requirements, changing standards of living, management practices, and technological innovation. Policy changes include both “high level” views about water status and practical instruments, in particular with an emphasis on integrated basin management and economic policy instruments. A relevant part of the water policy literature addresses this topic, mainly as an issue related to environmental conservation. However, water remains a major productive factor, particularly in agriculture. This role is made even more prominent in light of economic crises, increased competition across markets and climate change, as well as fossil energy limitations, which also highlight the water–energy nexus as a key resource issue for future economic viability. The delay, in the past, in recognizing the economic consequences of a limited water supply, and in decoupling economic development from water demand and supply, has resulted in a water-dependent growth model, currently threatened by increasing scarcity and droughts. Consequently, there is now an urgent need for new perspectives for promoting a more sustainable and efficient use of water resources. This calls for, on the one hand, a comprehensive understanding of water efficiency and productivity and, on the other hand, an investigation of the linkages among economic sectors to illustrate trade-offs in water reallocations. In addition, this also points to the need to study the institutional innovations and economic evaluation instruments that are able to better assess policy performance and provide evidence for improved mechanism designs aimed specifically at water efficiency and productivity.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 202 Seiten)
    Edition: Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Water
    ISBN: 9783038420132
    URL: http://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/104
    Language: English
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