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  • Etna  (17)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas  (14)
  • Elsevier  (25)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (2)
  • Le Nove Muse
  • 2010-2014  (28)
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Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Lava flow hazards at Mount Etna: constraints imposed by eruptive history and numerical simulations (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Improving lava flow hazard assessment is one of the most important and challenging fields of volcanology, and has an immediate and practical impact on society. Here, we present a methodology for the quantitative assessment of lava flow hazards based on a combination of field data, numerical simulations and probability analyses. With the extensive data available on historic eruptions of Mt. Etna, going back over 2000 years, it has been possible to construct two hazard maps, one for flank and the other for summit eruptions, allowing a quantitative analysis of the most likely future courses of lava flows. The effective use of hazard maps of Etna may help in minimizing the damage from volcanic eruptions through correct land use in densely urbanized area with a population of almost one million people. Although this study was conducted on Mt. Etna, the approach used is designed to be applicable to other volcanic areas.
    Description: This work was developed within the framework of TecnoLab, the Laboratory for Technological Advance in Volcano Geophysics organized by INGV-CT, DIEES-UNICT, and DMI-UNICT.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3493
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: 3IT. Calcolo scientifico e sistemi informatici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Lava flow hazard ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Repeating volcano-tectonic earthquakes at Mt. Etna volcano (Sicily, Italy) during 1999–2009 (2013)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Repeating volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes, taking place at Mt. Etna during 1999–2009,were detected and analyzed to investigate their behavior. We found 735 families amounting to 2479 VT earthquakes, representing ~38% of all the analyzed VT earthquakes. The number of VT earthquakes making up the families ranges from 2 to 23. Over 70% of the families comprise 2 or 3 VT earthquakes and only 20 families by more than 10 events. The occurrence lifetime is also highly variable ranging from some minutes to ten years. In particular, more than half of the families have a lifetime shorter than 0.5 day and only ~10% longer than 1 year. On the basis of these results, most of the detected families were considered “burst-type”, i.e., show swarm-like occurrence, and hence their origin cannot be explained by a temporally constant tectonic loading. Indeed, since the analyzed earthquakes take place in a volcanic area, the rocks are affected not only by tectonic stresses related to the fairly steady regional stress field but also by local stresses, caused by the volcano, such as magma batch intrusions/ movements and gravitational loading.We focused on the five groups of families characterized by the longest repeatability over time, namely high number of events and long lifetime, located in the north-eastern, eastern and southern flanks of the volcano. Unlike the first four groups, which similarly to most of the detected families show swarm-like VT occurrences, group “v”, located in the north-eastern sector, exhibits a more “tectonic” behavior with the events making up such a group spread over almost the entire analyzed period. It is clear how both occurrence and slip rates do not remain constant but vary over time, and such changes are time-related to the occurrence of the 2002–2003 eruption. Finally, by FPFIT algorithm a good agreement between directions identified by nodal planes and the earthquake epicentral distribution was generally found.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1223 – 1236
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: repeating earthquakes ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    Carbonate-derived CO2 purging magma at depth: Influence on the eruptive activity of Somma-Vesuvius, Italy (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-30
    Description: Mafic phenocrysts from selected products of the last 4 ka volcanic activity at Mt. Vesuvius were investigated for their chemical and O-isotope composition, as a proxy for primary magmas feeding the system. 18O/16O ratios of studied Mg-rich olivines suggest that near-primary shoshonitic to tephritic melts experienced a flux of sedimentary carbonate-derived CO2, representing the early process of magma contamination in the roots of the volcanic structure. Bulk carbonate assimilation (physical digestion) mainly occurred in the shallow crust, strongly influencing magma chamber evolution. On a petrological and geochemical basis the effects of bulk sedimentary carbonate digestion on the chemical composition of the near-primary melts are resolved from those of carbonate-released CO2 fluxed into magma. An important outcome of this process lies in the effect of external CO2 in changing the overall volatile solubility of the magma, enhancing the ability of Vesuvius mafic magmas to rapidly rise and explosively erupt at the surface.
    Description: Published
    Description: 84-95
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: stable-isotope ; magma geochemistry ; CO2-degassing ; Vesuvius ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Comment on ‘Conduit convection, magma mixing, and melt inclusion trends at persistent degassing volcanoes’ by Fred Witham, published in Earth Planetary Science Letters (2011) 301, 345–352 (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: No abstract
    Description: Published
    Description: 306-308
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Etna ; Stromboli ; volatiles ; melt inclusions ; magma mixing ; magma degassing ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Interaction of volcano-tectonic fault with magma storage, intrusion and flank instability: a thirty years study at Mt. Etna volcano (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We investigated the relationship between the occurrence of earthquakes along the main volcano-tectonic structures and periods of volcanic unrest at Mt Etna. We focused our study on the Pernicana Fault System (PFS), one of the most outstanding tectonic structures delineating the northern border of the sliding eastern flank of Etna volcano. During recent decades several flank eruptions have occurred at Mt Etna and sometimes PFS released seismicity before the eruptive events, while in other cases there have been earthquakes that did not precede any eruption. To highlight a possible relation between PFS ruptures and volcanic unrest, we took into account the most energetic earthquakes (M ≥ 3.5) occurring in the last three decades (1980-2010), and considered the volcano deformation sources previously inferred by inverting geodetic data recorded during the several flank eruptions in this time interval. The estimates of stress redistribution on the PFS due to different volcano sources, such as the magma storage, the dike intrusions and the sliding eastern flank, were studied by implementing 3D numerical models that also consider the presence of topography and medium heterogeneity. Our results show that the pressurization of an intermediate storage and the traction exerted by the eastern flank sliding contribute to the seismicity along the PFS even without preceding an immediate eruption. Instead, the seismicity along the PFS related to the intrusions inside the northern sector of the volcano would represent a potential early-warning for an impending eruption at Mt Etna.
    Description: Published
    Description: 127-136
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna ; volcano-tectonic faults ; volcano sources and stress ; stress field change ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Coupled use of COSPEC and satellite measurements to define the volumetric balance during effusive eruptions at Mt. Etna, Italy (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Using Etna as a case study location, we examine the balance between the volume of magma supplied to the shallow volcanic system (using ground-based SO2 data) and the volume erupted (using satellite thermal data). We do this for three eruptions of Mt. Etna (Italy) during 2002 to 2006. We find that, during the three eruptions, 2.3×107 m3 or 24% of the degassed volume remained unerupted. However, variations in the degree of partitioning between supplied (Vsupply) and erupted (Verupt) magma occur within individual eruptions over the time scales of days. Consequently, we define and quantify three types of partitioning. In the first case, VsupplybVerupt, i.e. more lava is erupted than is supplied. In such a case previously degassed magma is erupted or magma can rise faster than it is able to degas, as occurred during the open phases of the 2002–2003 and 2004–2005 eruptions, respectively. In the second case, VsupplyNVerupt, i.e. less lava is erupted than is supplied. In such a case, magma can erupt in an explosive manner, as occurred during Phase II of the 2002–2003 eruption, or remain within or below the edifice. In the third case, Vsupply=Verupt, i.e. all supplied magma is erupted. During 2002–2006, over a total of 280 days of eruptive activity, this balancing case applied to 50% of the time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 47-53
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Etna ; thermal remote sensing ; SO2 flux ; Effusive eruption ; mass balance ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Reconstruction of SO2 flux emission chronology from space-based measurements (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Infrared satellite images measured with the MODIS instrument of the volcanic plume produced during the 2006 eruption of Mt. Etna were analysed to produce maps of SO2 amount. We used these maps to reconstruct time series of SO2 fluxes by integrating profiles of SO2 orthogonal to the plume advection direction and multiplying with wind speeds from a meteorological model. These data were then compared with a reconstructed time series of SO2 fluxes measured with the FLAME ground-based network of ultraviolet DOAS systems surrounding the volcano. We found weak agreement on 3rd December when little ash was emitted, but this agreement improved when a 0.3 m s−1 wind speed correction factor was used. FLAME and MODIS results were in good agreement on the 6th December, and improved when a –0.3 m s−1 offset was applied. The corrected data revealed that the only period of time when FLAME and MODIS did not track together was coincident with the presence of ash, which interferes with the IR imagery and retrieval of SO2. We highlight that combining two independent time series of SO2 flux allows a precise determination of wind speed, if there is sufficient time-dependent structure in the SO2 signal. The observed increase in SO2 flux prior to the ash emission is interpreted as a quiescent release of an accumulated gas phase that drive eruptive activity, as previously suggested for the southeast crater system of Etna. In this case the SO2 flux signal therefore acted as a precursor to the eruptive ash events. This work demonstrates that quantitative reconstruction of SO2 flux time series is feasible using MODIS data, opening a new frontier in the use of satellite data to interpret volcanic processes, in particular in poorly monitored remote locations.
    Description: European Space Agency's Earth Observation Envelope Programme (EOEP) – Data User Element (project SAVAA).
    Description: Published
    Description: 80-87
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: SO2 flux ; Modis ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Rapid differentiation in a sill-like magma reservoir: a case study from the campi flegrei caldera (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In recent decades, geophysical investigations have detected wide magma reservoirs beneath quiescent calderas. However, the discovery of partially melted horizons inside the crust is not sufficient to put constraints on capability of reservoirs to supply cataclysmic eruptions, which strictly depends on the chemical-physical properties of magmas (composition, viscosity, gas content etc.), and thus on their differentiation histories. In this study, by using geochemical, isotopic and textural records of rocks erupted from the high-risk Campi Flegrei caldera, we show that the alkaline magmas have evolved toward a critical state of explosive behaviour over a time span shorter than the repose time of most volcanic systems and that these magmas have risen rapidly toward the surface. Moreover, similar results on the depth and timescale of magma storage were previously obtained for the neighbouring Somma-Vesuvius volcano. This consistency suggests that there might be a unique long-lived magma pool beneath the whole Neapolitan area.
    Description: Published
    Description: article 712
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: magma ; campi flegrei caldera ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Dynamic plumbing system beneath volcanoes revealed by kinetic modeling, and the connection to monitoring data: An example from Mt. Etna (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-27
    Description: Our ability to monitor volcanoes (using seismic signals, ground deformation, gas fluxes, or other ground and satellite based observations) as well as our understanding of melt reservoirs that feed eruptions have evolved tremendously in recent years. The complex plumbing systems that are thought to feed eruptions are, however, difficult to relate to the monitoring signals. Here we show that the record preserved in compositional zoning of erupted minerals may be used to reconstruct sections of the plumbing system. Kinetic modeling of such zoning can yield information on the residence time of magma in different segments of the plumbing systems. This allows a more nuanced evaluation of the link between observed monitoring signals or eruption styles and the magmatic processes and movement of batches of melts at depth. The approach is illustrated through a study of the compositional zoning recorded in olivine crystals from the 1991–1993 SE-flank eruption products of Mt. Etna (Sicily). The zoning patterns in crystals reveal that the plumbing system of the volcano consisted of at least three different magmatic environments between which magma was transported and mixed in the year or two preceding the start of eruption. Quantification of this history indicates that two main pathways of melt migration and three timescales dominated the dynamics of the system. Combination of this information with the timing of observation of various monitoring signals allows a reconstruction of the dynamic evolution of this section of the plumbing system during the early stages of the 1991–1993 eruption. It is seen, for example, how the migration of melt through the same sections of the plumbing system can cause pre-eruptive triggering, enhance Strombolian activity, and through the ensuing eruption cleanse and flush the plumbing system. Different kinds of mixing occur simultaneously at different sections of the plumbing system on different timescales (a few days up to two years).
    Description: Published
    Description: 11-22
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Etna ; plumbing system ; olivine ; zoning ; timescales ; monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    FOTOGRAFIA STORICA ALLA LUCE DEL VULCANO. Fondo Fotografico Gaetano Ponte (1876-1955) (2011)
    Le Nove Muse
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Gaetano Ponte (1876-1955), docente di vulcanologia presso lʼUniversità di Catania dal 1919 al 1951, rappresenta una figura di notevole spessore nel panorama mondiale degli studi sulle scienze della Terra. Le idee e i risultati delle ricerche da lui condotte sono ben noti attraverso la sua vasta produzione scientifica. È invece meno noto il suo patrimonio fotografico,costituito da oltre 2500 immagini realizzate dalla fine del 1800 fino al 1950. Questa pregevole raccolta di fotografie, che rappresenta un patrimonio unico di documentazione storica dell'attività dei vulcani siciliani,è stata recuperata e valorizzata attraverso una collaborazione fra l'Archivio Fotografico Toscano di Prato e l'Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, che hanno realizzato un catalogo informatico disponibile su internet. In questo libro sono selezionate e presentate le più significative immagini di carattere vulcanologico, geologico e paesaggistico dei vulcani siciliani. Le fotografie di questo libro ricostruiscono un affascinante viaggio attraverso la storia eruttiva dellʼEtna e di Stromboli durante la prima metà del XX secolo e, insieme ai cambiamenti e alle modifiche del paesaggio etneo e siciliano, raccontano il lungo percorso culturale e scientifico della vita di Gaetano Ponte dove arte e scienza si fondono nella fotografia.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.8. TTC - Biblioteche ed editoria
    Description: open
    Keywords: Gaetano Ponte ; Fotografia storica ; Etna ; Stromboli ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book
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