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  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • Fisheries
  • Physics
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (21)
  • Springer  (6)
  • Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino  (1)
  • 2010-2014  (19)
  • 1990-1994  (9)
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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Underwood, Emily -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 30;344(6187):954-5. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6187.954.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24876470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Engineering/*instrumentation ; Biomedical Research/*instrumentation ; Brain/*physiology ; Humans ; Neurosciences/economics/*trends ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino | Madrid (Espagne)
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Description du secteur de la pêche Avec la Mauritanie, le Sénégal est de loin le plus grand producteur de produits de pêche de la sous région. Avec 718 km de cote et un territoire maritime de 198km2, 15 745 km2 de superficie fluviale, 2 estuaires, des mangroves et un lac de 350km2, le Sénégal possède tous les atouts des plus grands producteurs de pêche. Le potentiel annuel de captures s’élève à 500 000 tonnes. Le secteur a subi une croissance spectaculaire ces trente dernières années : les débarquements sont passés 50 000 tonnes en 1965 à plus de 450 000 en 1997. Le secteur se compose principalement de deux sous-secteurs : la pêche industrielle et la pêche traditionnelle ou artisanale. Cette dernière, vielle de plusieurs siècles a su s’adapter et se moderniser au cours des dernières décennies. La flotte de pêche artisanale est dynamique et diversifiée ; selon les estimations, en 2005 il y avait plus de 13 000 pirogues. La pêche artisanale se concentre dans sept régions maritimes et fluviales du pays: Dakar, Thiès, Saint Louis, Fatick, Zinguinchor, Louga et Kaolack. Le port de Kayar dans la région de Thiès correspond à la principale zone de débarquement de la pêche artisanale avec environ 70% des débarquements. Dans le secteur industriel, les pêcheurs travaillent à bord d’une flottille de petits sardiniers, de 143 chalutiers destinés à la pêche d’espèces demersales, de 3 sardiniers et de 42 thoniers. Alors que le Sénégal domine largement le sous-secteur demersale avec 70% des chalutiers opérants, le pays ne possède que 6 thoniers contre 38 étrangers, dont une partie seulement des captures est débarquée au Sénégal. La pêche industrielle est concentrée autour de la capitale dans le Port autonome de Dakar et des ports secondaires de Saint Louis, Kaolack et Ziguinchor. Aujourd’hui, le secteur de la pêche sénégalaise est largement dominé par la pêche artisanale, qui constituait 90% des cargaisons totales des produits de la mer en 2006 avec 350 000 tonnes. Plus de 60% des produits de la pêche artisanale sont destinés à l’exportation et la transformation. En 2006, le secteur dans son ensemble représentait 9% du PIB du secteur primaire, 1.5% du PIB total, et 1/3 des devises étrangères (250 millions de dollars par an). Plus importante que le poids économique du secteur, est son poids social : la pêche génère indirectement 600 000 emplois, dont 67% au sein du secteur artisanal. En outre, les produits de la pêche comblent les besoins en protéines animales de la population sénégalaise à hauteur de 75%1. La pêche a connu une expansion spectaculaire au cours des dernières décennies grâce à l’impulsion de politiques publiques de développement basées sur une logique sectorielle productiviste. Une flotte nationale artisanale et industrielle a été progressivement mise en place ainsi que de fortes capacités de transformation industrielle. Cet engagement de l’Etat a ensuite connu un net ralentissement du fait, entre autre, des politiques d’ajustement structurel. Le renchérissement des coûts de production subséquents à la dévaluation du franc CFA en 1994 a lourdement affecté les pêcheurs. Parallèlement, avec la forte demande en produits halieutiques et en l’absence de politiques adéquates et cohérentes de gestion durable des ressources exploitables, une situation de surexploitation des ressources halieutiques s’est installée. En conséquence de la raréfaction des ressources halieutiques, la pêche sénégalaise traverse une crise sans précédent, dont les effets commencent à se faire sentir à tous les niveaux : appauvrissement des communautés de pêcheurs, menace de l’approvisionnement en poisson des populations, baisse des captures à haute valeur ajoutée, baisse des exportations, baisse de la rentabilité et des revenus des unités de pêche. Par ailleurs, de plus en plus d’établissements de transformation industrielle ferment (23 entreprises entre 1999 et 2006).
    Description: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Y Medio Rural y Marino
    Description: Pablo Manuel Xandri Royo CTP Proyecto (INT/07/16M/SPA) Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del Convenio de Colaboración entre el actual Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino de España y la Organización Internacional del Trabajo de 28 de diciembre de 2007
    Description: Published
    Description: environnement; socio-économie; pêche; capture; débarquement; engin de pêche; femme; pêcheur; convention internationale; réglementation
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Marine environment ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Capture fisheries ; Landing statistics ; Fishing gear ; Women ; Fishermen ; Conventions ; Fishery regulations
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 208
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2013-05-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 May 3;340(6132):546-7. doi: 10.1126/science.340.6132.546.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23641089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Aquaculture ; *Aquatic Organisms ; *Bays ; *Earthquakes ; *Ecosystem ; Fisheries ; Geologic Sediments ; Japan ; Pacific Ocean ; *Tsunamis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2012-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, Lindsay N K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Dec 21;338(6114):1538-9. doi: 10.1126/science.338.6114.1538.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23258873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/legislation & jurisprudence ; Fisheries ; Population Dynamics ; *Sharks
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Adrian -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):997-8. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6020.997.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology ; *Budgets ; Drug Industry ; Financing, Government ; Laboratories/*economics ; Physics ; Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; Synchrotrons ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collette, B B -- Carpenter, K E -- Polidoro, B A -- Juan-Jorda, M J -- Boustany, A -- Die, D J -- Elfes, C -- Fox, W -- Graves, J -- Harrison, L R -- McManus, R -- Minte-Vera, C V -- Nelson, R -- Restrepo, V -- Schratwieser, J -- Sun, C-L -- Amorim, A -- Brick Peres, M -- Canales, C -- Cardenas, G -- Chang, S-K -- Chiang, W-C -- de Oliveira Leite, N Jr -- Harwell, H -- Lessa, R -- Fredou, F L -- Oxenford, H A -- Serra, R -- Shao, K-T -- Sumaila, R -- Wang, S-P -- Watson, R -- Yanez, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 15;333(6040):291-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1208730. Epub 2011 Jul 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA. collettb@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Endangered Species/statistics & numerical data ; Fisheries ; *Perciformes/physiology ; Population Dynamics ; Seafood/economics ; *Tuna/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-12-24
    Description: Determining the form of key predator-prey relationships is critical for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics. Using a comprehensive global database, we quantified the effect of fluctuations in food abundance on seabird breeding success. We identified a threshold in prey (fish and krill, termed "forage fish") abundance below which seabirds experience consistently reduced and more variable productivity. This response was common to all seven ecosystems and 14 bird species examined within the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. The threshold approximated one-third of the maximum prey biomass observed in long-term studies. This provides an indicator of the minimal forage fish biomass needed to sustain seabird productivity over the long term.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cury, Philippe M -- Boyd, Ian L -- Bonhommeau, Sylvain -- Anker-Nilssen, Tycho -- Crawford, Robert J M -- Furness, Robert W -- Mills, James A -- Murphy, Eugene J -- Osterblom, Henrik -- Paleczny, Michelle -- Piatt, John F -- Roux, Jean-Paul -- Shannon, Lynne -- Sydeman, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 23;334(6063):1703-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1212928.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, UMR EME-212, Centre de Recherche Halieutique Mediterraneenne et Tropicale, Avenue Jean Monnet, Sete Cedex, France. philippe.cury@ird.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22194577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomass ; Birds/*physiology ; Charadriiformes/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Food ; Food Chain ; Male ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; *Reproduction ; Seawater ; Statistics, Nonparametric
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-01-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clery, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 8;327(5962):142-3. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5962.142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Medical Oncology/*instrumentation ; Nuclear Reactors ; Particle Accelerators/*instrumentation ; Physics ; Protons/therapeutic use ; Thorium
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2010-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Machlis, Gary E -- McNutt, Marcia K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1018-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1195382.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Strategic Sciences Working Group, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC 20024, USA. gary_machlis@nps.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20798302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Decision Making ; *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Environmental Pollution ; Fisheries ; Forecasting ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; *Petroleum ; Planning Techniques ; Public Policy ; United States ; United States Government Agencies ; Wetlands
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2010-07-22
    Description: Since the collapse of the pelagic fisheries off southwest Africa in the late 1960s, jellyfish biomass has increased and the structure of the Benguelan fish community has shifted, making the bearded goby (Sufflogobius bibarbatus) the new predominant prey species. Despite increased predation pressure and a harsh environment, the gobies are thriving. Here we show that physiological adaptations and antipredator and foraging behaviors underpin the success of these fish. In particular, body-tissue isotope signatures reveal that gobies consume jellyfish and sulphidic diatomaceous mud, transferring "dead-end" resources back into the food chain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Utne-Palm, Anne C -- Salvanes, Anne G V -- Currie, Bronwen -- Kaartvedt, Stein -- Nilsson, Goran E -- Braithwaite, Victoria A -- Stecyk, Jonathan A W -- Hundt, Matthias -- van der Bank, Megan -- Flynn, Bradley -- Sandvik, Guro K -- Klevjer, Thor A -- Sweetman, Andrew K -- Bruchert, Volker -- Pittman, Karin -- Peard, Kathleen R -- Lunde, Ida G -- Strandabo, Ronnaug A U -- Gibbons, Mark J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 16;329(5989):333-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1190708.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. anne.palm@bio.uib.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Behavior, Animal ; Biomass ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Digestion ; *Ecosystem ; Feeding Behavior ; Fisheries ; Fishes/physiology ; *Food Chain ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Hydrogen Sulfide/analysis ; Namibia ; Oxygen/analysis ; Oxygen Consumption ; Perciformes/*physiology ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; *Scyphozoa ; Seawater/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 30;329(5991):505-7. doi: 10.1126/science.329.5991.505.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration ; Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; *Eels/anatomy & histology/growth & development/physiology ; Europe ; Fisheries ; Politics ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2010-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kerr, Richard A -- Kintisch, Eli -- Schenkman, Lauren -- Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 21;328(5981):962-3. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5981.962.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20489000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; *Environmental Pollution ; Fisheries ; Food Chain ; *Petroleum ; Plants ; Wetlands
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 2;328(5974):26-7. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5974.26-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Commerce ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Endangered Species ; Fisheries ; International Cooperation ; Population Dynamics ; *Sharks ; *Tuna
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-03-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 26;327(5973):1574-5. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5973.1574.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20339047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; California ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Ecosystem ; Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Guidelines as Topic ; Models, Biological ; Models, Economic ; Pacific Ocean ; Politics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-11-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 19;330(6007):1029. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6007.1029.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Environmental Monitoring/*methods ; Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Food Chain ; Marine Biology/*methods ; Oceans and Seas
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 23;329(5990):378. doi: 10.1126/science.329.5990.378.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20651127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; China ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Endangered Species ; Extinction, Biological ; Female ; Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Male ; Population Dynamics ; *Porpoises ; *Rivers
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2010-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Losada, Sebastian -- Lieberman, Susan -- Drews, Carlos -- Hirshfield, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 11;328(5984):1353; author reply 1353-4. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5984.1353-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20538932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Commerce ; *Endangered Species ; Fisheries ; International Cooperation ; *Tuna
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2010-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kerr, Richard -- Kintisch, Eli -- Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 7;328(5979):674-5. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5979.674.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20448155" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Environmental Pollution ; *Environmental Restoration and Remediation ; Fisheries ; *Petroleum ; United States ; *Water Pollution ; Wetlands
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-07-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 16;329(5989):268. doi: 10.1126/science.329.5989.268.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria ; *Ecosystem ; Fisheries ; *Food Chain ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Hydrogen Sulfide/analysis ; Oxygen/analysis ; Perciformes/*physiology ; Population Dynamics ; Scyphozoa ; Seawater/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cyprinids ; Ethiopia ; Morphotypes ; Food-niche ; Biodiversity ; Feeding ; Evolution ; Fisheries ; Resource partitioning ; Piscivory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis In October–December 1990, the large barbs (Barbus) that contribute more than 35% of the catch in lake Tana (northern Ethiopia) were studied. Previous authors (Rüppell 1837, Boulenger 1902,1911, Bini 1940) described from 6 to 23 (sub)species for the lake. Banister (1973) lumped all of these into one subspecies: Barbus intermedius intermedius Rüppell,1837. We found that the Lake Tana Barbus could be readily categorized in at least 13 discrete morphotypes, some of which were already distinguished by local fishermen. None of the known descriptions are adequate to distinguish the barbs unambiguously, which is important for monitoring and management of developing fisheries. Intermediates between morphotypes were rare (〈 10%). By applying canonical discriminant analysis on a set of 17 morphometric characters (including some directly associated with feeding) our initial morphotype-distinction was confirmed. Also, differences between the morphotypes in distribution, related to depth and substratum were found, as well as differences in intestinal contents, a key to the food-niche. The high number of piscivorous morphotypes (8 out of 13) was striking as piscivory is relatively rare among cyprinids. Piscivory was found to be highly correlated with morphological (feeding related) characters. The presence of discrete morphotypes, that also differ in food-niche and distribution, strongly suggests that several distinct populations exist, that may be (partly or completely) reproductively segregated. Knowledge about these populations, that may represent separate units of fish stock, is of crucial importance for the management of sustainable fisheries and protection of the biodiversity in Lake Tana. It is possible that several species or even a unique cyprinid species flock are present, that urgently need protection.
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  • 21
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    Pharmacy world & science 15 (1993), S. 105-115 
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Calcium phosphates ; Drug compounding ; Excipients ; Particle size ; Physics ; Powders ; Tablets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ten commercially available calcium phosphates used for direct tableting were evaluated. The particle size distributions, powder properties, Sorption isotherms and pH values of aqueous slurries were compared. All samples showed good or at least sufficient flowability. Scanning electron micrographs illustrated the different kinds of manufacturing and gave hints on their expectable behaviour under compaction pressure. The sorption isotherms of identical chemical substances, which had been manufactured by different methods, differed strongly. This can be related to their specific surface areas. Most of the hydroxylapatites have large surface areas and can absorb up to more than 15% water at 93% relative humidity. Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate was non-hygroscopic and absorbed less than 1% water. With the exception of monobasic calcium phosphate monohydrate all calcium phosphates behaved quite neutral in water. Monobasic calcium phosphate monohydrate can be regarded as a solid acid. Although the calcium phosphates are usually stable substances, the role of crystal water in the case of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate and monobasic calcium phosphate monohydrate is problematic due to possible interactions with active ingredients.
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  • 22
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Phosphorus ; Contaminants ; Ecosystem ; Management ; Simulation model ; Great Lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A simulation model was developed to describe linkages among fish food web, nutrient cycling, and contaminant processes in the southern basin of Lake Michigan. The model was used to examine possible effects of management actions and an exotic zooplankter (Bythotrephes) on Lake Michigan food web and contaminant dynamics. The model predicts that contaminant concentrations in salmonines will decrease by nearly 20% ifBythotrephes successfully establishes itself in the lake. The model suggests that this decrease will result from lowered transfer efficiencies within the food web and increased flux of contaminants to the hypolimnion. The model also indicates that phosphorus management will have little effect on contaminant concentrations in salmonines. The modeling exercise helped identify weaknesses in the data base (e.g., incomplete information on contaminant loadings and on the biomass, production, and ecological efficiencies of dominant organisms) that should be corrected in order to make reliable management decisions.
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  • 23
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    Environmental biology of fishes 35 (1992), S. 187-203 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: California ; Elasmobranchs ; Exploitation ; Fisheries ; Life history ; Tagging ; Triakidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The age, growth, and sexual maturation of the leopard shark, Triakis semifasciata, from central California were studied. Growth band counts in vertebral centra of 162 leopard sharks produced von Bertalanffy growth curves with L∞, K. and to parameters of 1536 mm. 0.082, and -2.31, respectively, for both sexes combined. The L8 value for females (1602 mm TL) was slightly but insignificantly higher than for males (1499 mm TL), but the K and to values were almost identical. Seasonal changes in size modes of young-of-the-year leopard sharks, centrum edge characteristics, and growth and tetracycline mark-recapture from the field were used to validate annual deposition of vertebral centrum band pairs. Sexual maturity was evaluated by the gonads and presence of sperm and eggs; males mature at 7 yr and at about 63% of asymptotic length, and females mature at 10 yr, and at about 72% of asymptotic length. This slow growth, late maturity, and relatively low fecundity may increase their susceptibility to over-exploitation.
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  • 24
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):737.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Government Agencies ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics ; Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    Environmental biology of fishes 30 (1991), S. 253-271 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Rockfish ; Longevity ; Reproductive value ; Fisheries ; Scorpaenidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The characteristics of lightly and heavily exploited Pacific ocean perch,Sebastes alutus, stocks are evaluated relative to the predictions of life history theory. These long-lived species (50–100 year lifespan) show limited phenotypic plasticity and have little buffering against the effects of reduced lifespan. Reduced stock abundance has generated some compensatory increase in growth rate. Length at first maturity varies only slightly with increased growth rate, although age at maturity may decrease by 1–4 years. Grooth increases yield larger (15–20%) size at age and increased reproductive effort at younger ages, but lower size-specific fecundity for these faster-growing fish. This suggests an energy allocation protocol favouring growth over reproduction in these long-lived animals. Rockfishes have late recruitment to fisheries (ages 10–15), and the detection time for results of management actions is equally long. Their vulnerability to overfishing means that indices of population changes, more representative of fishing effects than the catch rate index presently used, are required. Reproductive value indices are shown to be extremely sensitive and continuous with population abundance changes. Their incorporation into monitoring programs would permit more timely evaluation of management actions. Management policies developed for shorter-lived species are shown to be inappropriate for rockfishes. The need for an improved match in the time frame of the species' life history, and that of management strategies, is stressed.
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  • 26
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1991-03-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 22;251(5000):1408-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2006414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics ; Publishing/*trends ; Research Support as Topic ; Science/*methods ; Sociology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 27
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    Environmental biology of fishes 27 (1990), S. 303-308 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Fish introductions ; Africa ; Cichlids ; Barbus ; Haplochromis ; Lake management ; Fisheries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Cyprinid fishes apparently constituted the major part of the original fish fauna in Lake Luhondo, Rwanda, at least until 1934. At that time only three species, all cyprinids, were known from the lake:Barbus neumayeri, a small barbel, very common in the lake (described from the lake asBarbus luhondo) and two larger cyprinid species:Barbus microbarbis andVaricorhinus ruandae. These two large species were probably not very common in the lake. Between 1935 and 1938 some youngTilapia were introduced into Lake Luhondo. Since then and certainly since 1952 the large cyprinids seem to have disappeared completely from the lake. The smallBarbus neumayeri has become extremely rare; at present it survives only in some small tributaries of the lake. In the lake itselfTilapia andHaplochromis species are now the dominant fauna. A survey of the available information is given.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1990-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dill, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Oct 12;250(4978):297-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2218535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Energy Transfer ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics ; *Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*chemistry ; Solutions
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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