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  • Nigeria  (43)
  • Chemistry
  • Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
  • Limnology
  • Minna (Nigeria)  (43)
  • 2020-2022  (43)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1945-1949
  • 1
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    Effect of Terminalia suparba on fecundity and latency period of Clarias gariepinus broodstocks (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24067 | 19325 | 2018-05-10 10:15:21 | 24067 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study focused on the assessment of Terminalia suparba (bark, leave and root) based diet to improve the ovulation of Clarias gariepinus brood stocks. Ten female and ten male brood stocks were obtained from a reputable fishfarm in Ogun State, Nigeria and were fed with the diets for four weeks before the breeding exercise. The latency period observed in treatments 1 to 4 was 4hours 30minutes while the ovulation period in treatment 5 was 8 hours. There was no significant different (P〉0.05) among the means. The brood stocks in Treatment 2 (Root) has the highest fecundity count (2001) while those in Treatment 5 (control) has the least fecundity count (1496). The phytochemical analysis of the plant materials showed the presence of Alkaloids, Tannin, Phenol, Glycoside, Flavonoids, Steroids, Phlobatannin, Saponin, Anthraquinones. The physical and chemical parameters of water observed showed that dissolved oxygen value ranges from 3.28 -4.60, pH 6.5 - 8.5, temperature 28.0 - 28.8 and conductivity 8.9 - 9.20. It is therefore concluded that the inclusion of Terminalia suparba in the feed of Clarias gariepinus broodstock will not only improve ovulation but also reduce the latency period.
    Description: Includes: 5 tables;Also includes: 11 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Ecology ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; broodstocks ; Terminalia specie ; Latency ; fecundity ; Clarias gariepinus ; freshwater environment ; Artificial feeding ; Feeding experiments ; Fecundity ; Brood stocks ; Sublimation heat ; Ovulation ; Physicochemical properties ; Fish culture
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  • 2
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    Design and construction of microcontroller-based automatic fish feeding device (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24068 | 19325 | 2018-05-10 10:17:48 | 24068 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This paper presents the design, construction and demonstration of an automatic fish feeder. It is a microcontroller-based system. This system is designed to dispense a predetermined amount of fish feed into an aquarium at a particular time each day. The device consists of a cylindrical can, distributing tubes and a stand. The dispensing of food is controlled by the use of a stepper motor, which is situated under the canister. A timer controlled switch is used to control the time at which the motor rotates, by a program burned into the microcontroller. The fish feeder was successfully fabricated and tested. It dispenses food automatically at set preset times. It is expected that this device will enhance the fish farming efforts of the local farmers, especially the armature farmers who combine fish farming with other businesses.
    Description: Includes: 4 figs.;Also includes: 9 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Engineering ; Nigeria ; freshwater environment ; Aquaria ; Fish culture ; Feeding equipment ; Design
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  • 3
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    Microbial load on the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) sold in Markurdi metropolis: a case study of selected markets (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24069 | 19325 | 2018-05-10 10:21:32 | 24069 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The work was carried out using 48 samples of smoke-dried African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Twelve samples each were obtained from high level market, Wadata market, Wurukum Market and North bank market respectively. Different media (SDA, MSA, EMBA, N.A, MCA), gram reaction and biochemical tests were carried out to confirm the presence of the pathogenic bacteria. There was a strong correlation between the bacterial count and water activity of the fish for all bacterial isolates. The micro-organisms isolated were Aspergilus niger, Mucor spp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus which were indications of contamination from surrounding environment.
    Description: Includes: 5 tables and 4 figs.;Also includes: 16 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Health ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; African catfish ; Bacterial load ; Makurdi ; Mycoflora ; Smoke-dried fish ; freshwater environment ; Microorganisms ; Cured products ; Fish ; Pathogens ; Biochemical analysis ; Processing fishery products ; Storage life
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  • 4
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    Aquaculture and the environment (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24072 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 13:54:51 | 24072 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Aquaculture industry in the last five decades has grown at an unprecedented rate (Average growth of 3.2 percent per year) stimulated by the increased demand for fish and fishery products as global population awareness of fish as a health food increased and the population from capture fisheries becomes almost static. In the light of the noticeable expansion, this review paper focuses on the deleterious effect of many aquaculture practices which includes; degradation of terrestrial environments, pollution from chemical as well as waste and nutrient loading, diseases to mention but a few. Measures are proffered to reduce the negative impact of Aquaculture on the environment. The efforts of the National Environmental Standards and Regulation Enforcement Agencies (NESREA) as it concerns EIA should be broadened to ensure that small aquaculture ventures along the coastline and within inland water bodies be considered to avoid environmental hazards.
    Description: Includes: 2 tables;Also includes: 32 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Pollution ; Nigeria ; Aquaculture ; Environment ; Poverty ; EIA ; Food security ; freshwater environment ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture systems ; Environmental degradation ; Chemical pollution ; Wastes ; Environmental effects ; Environmental legislation ; Environmental assessment ; Food security ; Pollution effects
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  • 5
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    Aflatoxin levels in fish feeds in Abeokuta, Ogun State (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24071 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 13:53:17 | 24071 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Post harvest contamination can occur if drying of feed is delayed and when water is allowed to exceed critical values for mould to grow during storage. This study examined the aflatoxin levels in fish feeds surveyed in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Fifteen (15) fish farms were randomly selected for assessment of the aflatoxin levels in fish feeds in Abeokuta. After the estimation of the aflatoxin levels using Veratox quantitative aflatoxin test, the Aflatoxin concentrations in the samples ranged between 0-49 ppb with a mean value of 6.89 ppb. Results obtained from this study showed that aflatoxins were found to be associated with fish feeds in different fish farms in Abeokuta, but, a very high proportion of the feed samples were below the regulatory levels (maximum of 20 ppb) that may not be toxic to the health of the fish according to the regulatory levels for aflatoxins issued by the Food and Administration of the United States. Thus, feeds fed to the cultured fish species in farms in Abeokuta were fit for consumption, with very little or no threat of aflatoxicosis (a disease that can affect many species of fish, when feed contaminated with aflatoxin is consumed).
    Description: Includes: 1 table and 1 figure;Also includes: 13 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Conservation ; Nigeria ; Fsh feeds ; Aflotoxin ; Aflotoxicosis ; Aspergillus species ; Aflotoxin in fish feeds ; freshwater environment ; Feed ; Pollution ; Storage ; Storage effects ; Biological poisons ; Fish
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  • 6
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    Assessment of smoked fish packaging in Doron-Baga metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24074 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 13:59:45 | 24074 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study examined how smoked fish are being packaged in Doran-Baga metropolis. A random sampling technique was used purposely to select one hundred and fifty respondents who are currently involve in smoked fish packaging. Data were collected by means of structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using percentages and frequency. Results revealed that smoked fish packaging is predominantly traditional in the study area. Modern method of smoked fish packaging is nearly absent when compared to smoked fisheries resources produced and packaged from the area
    Description: Includes: 3 tables;Also includes: 8 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Management ; Nigeria ; Borno ; Chad L. ; freshwater environment ; Cured products ; Packing fishery products ; Evaluation ; Processing fishery products ; Packing materials
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  • 7
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    Exploitable socio-economic benefits of mangrove oyster culture to the people of Niger Delta (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24077 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:05:45 | 24077 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The Niger Delta, a 30,000 km2 wetland of global ecological significance is located at the southernmost part of Nigeria. The Delta is dissected by a dense network of rivers and creeks of saline and freshwater surface bodies. The brackish water (saline) sector consists of estuaries and intertidal mangrove swamps; the total brackish water area for the Niger Delta estimated at about 7,415 km2. The mangrove oysters grow chiefly in brackish water creeks of Bayelsa, Delta and Rivers States, found attached to the aerial roots of the mangrove Rhizophora racemosa (Red mangrove). Mangroves are salt-tolerant evergreen forests found along sheltered coastlines, shallow-water lagoons, estuaries, rivers or deltas; stands stretching 30-40 km inland with an estimated area of 997, 700 ha in Nigeria. Aquaculture has an important role in the development of many national economies and plays a key role in rural development. The abundance of a natural population of mangrove oysters in the Niger Delta makes seed collectors and growing easier and inexpensive. The culture of mangrove oysters by the locals will contribute significantly to economic growth, increases income and food security, efficient utilization of surplus rural labour and reduced social problems, poverty alleviation, and social stability. This paper enumerates the culture and socio-economic benefits derivable from the practice of aquaculture through the sustainable culture of the native mangrove oysters.
    Description: Includes: 2 figures;Also includes: 10 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Sociology ; Nigeria ; Niger Delta ; Crassostrea gasar ; Mangrove swamp ; Communities ; Household income ; Oyster culture Filter feeding ; brackishwater environment ; Oyster culture ; Economic benefits ; Exploitation ; Mangrove swamps ; Population number ; Food security ; Utilization ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Sustainable fishing ; Shellfish culture
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  • 8
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    Comparative assessment of fermented maize broth and cassava waste water on the growth performance of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fry (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24078 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:08:28 | 24078 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The study was conducted to evaluate and compare the growth performance of catfish fry on fermented maize broth and cassava waste water. Four day old fry (weight range 0.002 - 0.003g) of C. gariepinus were acclimatized in 10 litres glass tank of water for 5 days in Aquaculture Department of Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Victoria Island, Lagos. Shell free artemia was mixed with Fermented Maize Both (FMB), Fermented Cassava Waste water (FWC) and bore hole water (control) respectively. The artemia mixtures were allowed to air-dry before administration. The treatments were produced in triplicates, feeding, ad-libitium for 30 days. The fry were fed with the treated shell free artemia and weighed every 6 days. The results revealed that fry fed fermented cassava waste water [FCW] diet showed highest mean weight, daily growth rate [DGR], survival rate and specific growth rate [SGR] and lowest food conversion ratio (FCR). This was followed by fermented maize broth while fish fed artemia mixed with borehole water-had the least growth. The results suggest that addition of fermented cassava waste water to shell free artemia can enhance fish growth in catfish hatchery production.
    Description: Includes: 1 table and 1 figure;Also includes: 13 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Lagos ; Growth performance ; Fermented cassava waste water (FCW) ; Maize broth (FMB) ; freshwater environment ; Feeding experiments ; Fish culture ; Growth rate ; Fish ; Fry ; Feed ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Waste water ; Comparative studies ; Fermentation ; Length-weight relationships
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  • 9
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    Growth performance and feed utilization of Clarias gariepinus (Teugels) fed different dietary levels of soaked Bauhinia monandra (Kutz) seed meal (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24076 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:04:20 | 24076 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of soaked Bauhinia monandra (Kutz) seed as alternative protein source for Clarias gariepinus and to determine cost of feed compounded. The proximate analysis of the diet and carcass composition of fish (crude protein, crude fibre, ash, moisture content and lipid were determined using AOAC (1980). Data for each parameter were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) while means of various results were compared at 5% level of significance. A preliminary study was conducted to determine the best processing method that reduced anti-nutrients to the minimum level without impairing nutrients composition. Boiled, toasted and soaked seeds were used. Bauhinia seeds soaked for 96 hours had least concentration of anti-nutrients. The experimental diets was formulated to contain soaked Bauhinia seed meal (SBSM) at levels of 25%, 50% and 75% inclusion (Diets 2, 3 and 4 respectively) with two diets acting as control (Diets 1 and 5). All diets were isonitrogenous (40% crude protein) and isocaloric (3212kcal/kg). A 12 weeks feeding trial was conducted in juveniles which were randomly distributed into 24 improvised non-recirculatory and semi-flow through indoor plastic tanks (52cm X 34cm X 33. 5cm) at a stocking rate of 10 fish per tank and three (3) replicates per treatment. The experimental design was complete randomized. The fish were fed at 5% body weight, twice daily. Diets with higher inclusion levels of SBSM (diets 3 and 4) significantly depressed growth formance of fish. The variations observed in the SGR, FCR, FER and PER were associated with the anti-nutrients present in the diets, these parameters reduced with increasing levels of SBSM in the diets of fish. Based on the relative cost of diets per unit eight gain and protein gain, diet 2 (25% SBSM) was most economical. The results suggested that SBSM can be used to substitute up to 25% levels of dietary protein in C. gariepinus juveniles without significant reduction in growth.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables;Also includes: 23 refs.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Aquaculture ; Nigeria ; Katsina State ; Growth ; Feed utilization ; i Clarias gariepinus/i ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Feeding ; Utilization ; Diets ; Feeding experiments ; Carcasses ; Growth rate
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  • 10
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    Design and construction of a simple boat trailer for Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24080 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:12:55 | 24080 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A simple boat trailer with an overall length of 4.59m, breathes 1.68m, and weight of 87kg was designed and constructed using locally available metals and scrap materials. The boat trailer was used to tow a boat of 250kg weight through a distance of 14km without affecting the safety and speed of the car. The construction resulted to the production of an open cart that is light and easily maneuvered that one person can move it manually without difficulty. The total production cost was N32, 300 which is affordable in relation to the cost of transporting boats through the use of pick up vans. The boat trailer can be easily maneuvered when coupled to any car or van. This makes it adequate for towing and for safer movement of boats from the school boat yard to any water bodies.
    Description: Includes: 2 tables, 2 figures and 3 plates;Also includes: 5 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Nigeria ; Boat ; Towing ; Construction ; freshwater environment ; Boats ; Construction ; Construction materials ; Metals ; Towing tanks ; Safety devices
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  • 11
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    Design and construction of 4.27M (LOA) rowing transport boat (punt) for inland water bodies (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24079 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:02:23 | 24079 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Flat bottom boat (Rowing Punt) 4.27M length overall (LOA) was designed and constructed using plywood and fiber glass materials. The boat posses features like easy construction stability and high capacity to carry load. Other features include least cost light weight, shallow draft of 9cm easy maneuverability. The light displacement (weight empty) is 96.6kg which is similar to local boat of same size. The capacity of the boat 544kg (8 person) and total cost of production was N41,150.00 which is not beyond the reach of an average fisherman. The Rowing Punt easily propelled by oaring which makes it adequate for fishing activities on shallow water bodies. Such easily maneuvered craft can also be used for recreation which include, sport fishing, and boating.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables, 2 figs., and 2 plates;Also includes: 6 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Nigeria ; freshwater environment ; Fishing vessels ; Sport fishing ; Transportation ; Marine transportation ; Fishermen ; Construction ; Construction materials ; Fibre glass ; Stability
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  • 12
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    Lenght-weight relationship and condition factor of blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) cultured in sheltered outdoor tanks (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24082 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:16:24 | 24082 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Length-weight relationship (LWR) and condition factor (K) of ninety specimens of Blackchin tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron cultured for six months in sheltered outdoor tanks were conducted. Initial measurements averaged 0.04 g for weight, while the total length averaged 1.17 cm. Fortnightly, measurements of length and weight gain were recorded over a period of six months. At the end of the experiment, the total length averaged 12.58 cm while the average body weight was 28.55 g. The growth equation for the population studied is Log W = 2.808Log L - Log 1.6117 where the growth factor b estimated showed a negative algometric growth. The average condition factor k was found to be 1.754 ~c 0.329 and there was a very strong positive correlation (r = 0.99) between the length and weight of individuals examined. The correlation coefficient (R2) was estimated to be 0.9974. The implication of the LWR parameters to rearing this species in a confined enclosure was highlighted.
    Description: Includes: 2 tables and 1 figure;Also includes: 11 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Sarotherodon melanotheron ; Nigeria ; Lagos ; Sarotherodon melanotheron ; Lenght-weight relatioship ; Condition factor ; freshwater environment ; Length-weight relationships ; Condition factor ; Fish ; Fish culture ; Population dynamics ; Fibre glass ; Culture tanks ; Fry
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  • 13
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    Development of an improved dug canoe for artisanal fisheries (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24081 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:14:25 | 24081 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A dug canoe similar to the one commonly used by artisanal fisherfolks 4.82M (LOA) was designed and constructed using locally available materials, as an alternative to hardwood that is becoming very scarce. The canoe have least cost, easy construction, adequate stability, light weight and easy maneuverability, as its attributes. The light displacement (weight empty) was 37kg which is light enough in relation to craft of same size commonly used by fishermen. The capacity of the canoe was 210 kg (3 persons) and total production cost of N18,400 which is not beyond the reach of an average fisherfolk. The craft is small and fall among the category of crafts that account for the greater percentage of national fish landing. The canoe also closely resembles the local fishing crafts, hence easy acceptance by local fisherfolk.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables, 2 figures and 2 plates;Also includes: 8 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Nigeria ; Canoe ; Plywood ; Hardwood ; alternative ; freshwater environment ; Artisanal fishing ; Canoe fisheries ; Canoes ; Construction ; Construction materials ; Marine transportation ; Design
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  • 14
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    The induction of triploidy by cold shock in African giant catfish Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822 (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24085 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:21:06 | 24085 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Application of genetic manipulation techniques on cultured fish have been employed in developed economies to increase food fish yield. In this study, a simple and safe biotechnology genetic manipulation technique was applied to produce triploid African giant catfish (Clarias gariepiirus Burchell 1822) larvae .Eggs numbering 100~c10 in quadruplicates from C. gariepinus were activated by milt from the same species and were subsequently transferred to a thermoregulated refrigerator maintained at 2degreesC for 20 min to suppress cell division, starting at 4 min after activation. Haploid larvae were produced by activating eggs with UV irradiated milt at 30000 uWcm-2 for 15 min. Fertility, hatchability and survival after one week for triploids were 82.5%, 69.8% and 61.3% against haploid and diploid controls, 100%, 15%, 0% and 100%,93%, 91 % (p 〈 0.05) respectively. Ploidy levels of the embryos cytogenetically were evaluated in day-old posthatched embryos incubated in 0.02% colchicine for 2-4 h. Head and yolk sac were discarded in 0.9% NaCl while remaining fragments were later treated with hypotonic solutions of distilled water for 5 min, and subsequently with diluted catfish serum 1: 4 for 25 min. Cells were fixed with 1:3 acetic acid ethanol mixture. Slide with the chromosome spreads were then stained with 20% Giemsa in phosphate buffered solution. Chromosome numbers obtained were 28~c2, 56~c2, and 75~c2 for haploid control, diploid control and triploid treatments respectively. Using a simple biotechnology technique as above, triploid C. gariepinus larvae were produced in the present study. The potential application on food fish security of triploid catfish in aquaculture especially in Nigeria is discussed.
    Description: Includes: 1 table and 1 plate.;Also includes: 20 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Biotechnology ; Clarias gariepinus ; Chromosomes ; Aquaculture ; freshwater environment ; Genetics ; Cultured organisms ; Food fish ; Yield ; Biotechnology ; Fertility ; Hatching ; Sustainable development ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture development ; Appropriate technology
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  • 15
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    Response of Oreochromis niloticus to graded levels of crude proteins (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24086 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:22:57 | 24086 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Completely randomized design with triplicates was used to carry out twelve weeks nutrimental experiment to determine the exact crude protein (CP) requirement specifically for, optimal growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus fry that has adapted to the New Bussa environmental condition with the objective of producing all-male tilapia from the brood stock stage. Graded levels (25, 30, 35 or 40 %) of crude protein diets were fed to 20 fry per replicate in aquaria. There were significant differences in the feed consumed, specific growth rate and final weight (P〈0.05) although there was no significant difference in feed conversion ratio (p〉 0.05) of the different groups that fed on the four diets. There were also significant differences (P〈 0. 05) in the whole body proximate composition of fish groups with the significant maximum crude protein occurring in the group fed with 40 %CP and maximum lipid in 25% CP group (P〈 0. 05) indicating excessive accumulation of lipid when low protein diets are fed to O. niloticus. It was recommended that 40 % CP might be most ideal for O. niloticus fry that had adapted to Kainji environmental condition.
    Description: Includes; 3 tables;Also includes: 17 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Oreochromis niloticus ; Nigeria ; Oreochromis niloticus ; fry ; Crude protein ; all-male tilapia ; freshwater environment ; Growth rate ; Fish ; Animal nutrition ; Fry ; Environmental conditions ; Primary production ; Nutritional requirements ; Proteins ; Aquaculture
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  • 16
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    Evaluation of fish biodiversity integrity of Ebonyi River (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24083 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:17:44 | 24083 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A study of the fish biodiversity integrity of Ebonyi River was conducted from September 2006 to February 2008 to generate fundamental data needed in Fisheries policy formulations and to assess the potential of the Fishery in enhancing quality food protein production. A total number of 1,080 fishes (comprising Fin-fish and shell-fish) were caught with hooks and lines of size 13, cast nets, gill nets and traps of mesh sizes of 50mm, 75mm and 100mm and identified using taxonomic keys. There were 39 species belonging to 20 genera and 14 families. Percentage gear catch composition was 43.6%,23.8%,17.7% and 15.3%for cast nets, gillnets, hooks and traps respectively. Zooplankton samples were also collected identified and analyzed using standard plankton analysis protocol. Cladocerans, rotifers, copepods and protozoans were represented in the identified species. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the overall significance of the monthly means of all parameters and in locations and also to establish their correlation characteristics. Fisher's Least Significant Difference (F-LSD) was used to separate the means and to rank them. Family Amphilidae and Malapteruridae were not significant (p~B0.05) in monthly occurrence. Family Bagridae, Cichlidae and Clariidae showed highly significant (p〈0. 01) monthly differences while the remaining fish families exhibited significant (p〈0.05) differences in months. It was observed that artisanal fisherfolks used fishing gears whose mesh sizes deplete juvenile fish. It was concluded that there is an urgent need for improved management strategies to enhance sustainable productivity of the inland river system.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables;Also includes: 12 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Ecology ; Nigeria ; Ebonyi R. ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Biodiversity ; Fishery policy ; Aquatic environment ; Inland fisheries ; Zooplankton ; Fishing gear ; Evaluation ; Fishermen ; Juveniles ; Depletion ; Ecology ; Stock assessment
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Fishing gear survey of Tatabu floodplain (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24084 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:19:12 | 24084 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The study was carried out for a period of three months from June to August, 2008. Five fishing villages namely Tatabu, Tsafa, Tunga Fulani, Tunga Sarkin ruwa and Lafiagi were used as study area by administering a total of 50 questionnaires (I.R. 10 questionnaires in each village). The study was conducted to assess the type of fishing gear mostly used by the fishermen in Tatabu floodplain. The greatest proportion (98%) of the fishermen interviewed were within age bracket 25-35 years. Majority of the respondents were Muslims and married form the highest percentage (60%). Three types of fishing gears, gillnet, long line and Malian Trap were used. The fishermen using gillnets had the highest percentage (44.2%) and those using Malian traps were the lowest percentage (23%). the fishermen using mesh size 50.8mm were highest (38.7%) and those are using mesh size of 101.6mmformed the lowest percentage (6.5%). The fishery crafts, 38% of fishermen use 4.3 meters length overall (LOA) and fishermen using 5.5 meters formed the lowest percentage (6%). Most of the respondents (88%) realized about N100-900 as daily income while 12% obtained more than N900 as daily income (54%) of the respondent. The problems militating against successful fishing activities includes lack of provision of social amenities, provision of loan and procurement of fishing inputs at subsidized rate.
    Description: Includes: 9 tables;Also includes: 9 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Nigeria ; Tatabu Floodplains ; freshwater environment ; Fishing gear ; Surveys ; Flood plains ; Artisanal fishing ; Fishermen ; Seasonal variations
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    Format: 109-116
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    Vitamin A requirements of Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24090 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:35:57 | 24090 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The growth response of Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings (0.86~c0.07g) to supplementation of graded levels of vitamin A (0, 500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 mg/kg; Bio-Organics Nutrient System Limited, Lagos) into a 42.5% crude protein basal diet was investigated. Completely randomized design with triplicates was used in a mini flow through system after 2 weeks acclimatization for 20 weeks in New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria. There was significant difference (P〉0.05) in feed intake, weight gain and survival between fish fed control diet (Omg vitamin A kg-1 diet) and the supplemented groups. The significantly (P〈0. 05) poorest feed conversion ratio, protein conversion ratio and specific growth rate were recorded in the group fed 2000 mg vitamin A kg-1 diet. However, whole body vitamin A concentration was significantly (P〈0.05) higher in the supplemented groups than the control but no significant different (P〉0.05) between supplemented groups. It was concluded that a diet containing adequate amount of macro and micro-nutrients with good lipid source will be able to provide vitamin A that can favour good growth in H. longifilis fingerlings. There is need to determine the response of the fish to vitamin A supplementation in an outdoor environment as vitamin A is required for the regeneration of light-sensitive compound rhodopsin.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables and 1 figure;Also includes: 13 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Heterobranchus longifilis ; Nigeria ; Heterobranchus longifilis ; Vitamin A ; Growth response ; freshwater environment ; Vitamins ; Growth ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Feed composition ; Fish ; Fingerlings ; Feeding experiments ; Aquaculture
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    Proximate composition and sensory analysis of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) harvested from different sources in Ondo State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24088 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:29:17 | 24088 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Proximate composition and sensory evaluation of Africa catfish Clarias gariepinus harvested from earthen ponds, reservoir system, tank flow - through system and Flow Rivers were determined. Chemical assessment was based on the method of analysis of the Association of Official Analysis (AOAC). The samples collected shows moisture content 71.71~c1.65%, 74.20~c1.39, 73.60~c2.3% and 72.29~c68% from earthen ponds, reservoirs, and tank flow- through system and rivers respectively. The crude protein 9.77~c2.66%, 20.99~c0.68, 19.80~c0.53% and 18.84~c1.00% from earthen ponds, reservoir system, tank flow- through system and rivers respectively. There was no significant difference (p〉0.05) among the means recorded and the locations where the fish samples were collected has no effect on the value of the moisture and the crude protein content of the fish samples when compared. Crude fat contents 5. 68~c0. 81 %, 4.95~c0.38%, 3.85~c0.56% and 1.35~c0. 29%from reservoir system, low through system, earthen ponds, and rivers respectively. Ash content of the fish samples were 1.52~c0.40%, 1.49~c0.40%, 2.23~c0.91 % and 1.47~c0. 60% from earthen ponds, reservoir system, tank flow- through system and rivers respectively. There was a significant difference (p 〈0.05) among the means of the crude fat contents and ash contents. The location where the fish samples were collected influenced the means of the ash content and the crude fat contents. The taste, odour, appearance and texture were the indices for the evaluation. Fish from rivers were most preferred followed by earthen ponds, reservoirs system and tank flow- through system respectively.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables and 1 figure;Also includes: 15 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Ondo State ; Reservoir ; Tank flow-through ; River ; Earthen pond ; freshwater environment ; Aquaculture ; Chemical composition ; Fish ; Sense organs ; Evaluation ; Water content ; Lipids
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    Format: 131-134
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    The length-weight relationships of two Siluriformes in Owalla and Eko-Ende Reservoir of Osun State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24087 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:24:52 | 24087 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The length - weight relationships of two siluri formes Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus and Schilbe intermedius -from Owalla and Eko - Ende reservoirs were studied to provide useful information for the sustainable development of their fisheries. Length - weight data were analyzed, and LWR graphs were plotted using the sigma plot software. The b values in the LWR W = aLb varied between 3.01 and 3.58, revealing that the somatic growth of C. nigrodigitatus from Eko - Ende and that of Schilbe intermedius from both reservoirs had positive allometry, while C. nigrodigitatus from Owalla reservoir had an isometric growth. The maintenance of the ecological balance in the reservoirs will guarantee sustainable fisheries for these siluriformes.
    Description: Includes: 1 table and 2 figures;Also includes: 13 refs.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus ; Schilbe intermedius ; Nigeria ; Owalla reservoir ; Nigeria ; Eko-Ende reservoir ; freshwater environment ; Length-weight relationships ; Fish ; Reservoir fisheries ; Sustainable development ; Mutations
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    Incidence of parasitic infestation on the skin and gills of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) reared under different culture systems (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24091 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:38:25 | 24091 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A total of 140 fish samples of Clarias gariepinus comprising of 20 fry from two hatcheries, 60 fingerlings and 60 adults reared under the water recirculating, water flow-through and the earthen pond culture systems, were clinically examined for presence of ecto-parasites on the skin and the gills. The ectoparasitic fauna observed comprises of 3 protozoans including Trichodina sp, Costia sp and Epistilis sp, and 4 metazoans of which 3 are monogenetic trematodes including Gyrodactylus sp, Dactylogyrus sp and Cleidodiscus sp. The fourth metazoan is a leech; Piscicola sp. Infestation due to Trichodina sp and the monogenetic trematodes were observed in all developmental stages of C. gariepinus and under all the culture systems studied. The highest incidence rate of 100% Trichodina sp infestation was observed on both the skin and the gills of the fingerling stage. The highest parasitic load of 10 organisms per field was also observed on the skin of the fingerlings reared in the earthen pond. Infestation due to monogenetic trematodes was observed to be highest (70%) on the skin of fingerlings reared under the water flow through system, while in the earthen pond system, the incidence rate of 60% was observed for both the fingerlings and the adult fish. Costia sp was observed in all the 3 culture, s;ystems, with the highest incidence of 50% and parasitic load of 2. 5 organisms per field recorded on both the fry and the skin of the fingerlings reared in earthen pond. The incidence of Epistilis sp infestation on the gills of catfish fingerlings reared in the water recirculating system was observed to be low (5%), while Piscicola sp infestation was observed only on the skin of adult C. gariepinus at an incidence rate of 35%, but with a high worm burden of 15 organisms per fish. The fingerlings seem to be more susceptible to Trichodina sp and the monogenetic trematodes, especially under the earthen pond culture system. Catfish hatcheries, especially those producing fingerlings in the earthen ponds must ensure adequate and efficient hygiene practices. They may also need to disinfect their stock appropriately at harvest, prior to distribution to farmers to avoid spread of para sites.
    Description: Includes: 6 tables and 6 figures;Also includes: 45 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Clarias gariepinus ; Heterobranchus longifilis ; Heterobranchus bidorsalis ; Nigeria ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Parasites ; Infestation ; Skin ; Gills ; Fish culture ; Recirculating systems ; Fish ponds ; Fingerlings
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    Gonadosomatic index, fecundity and egg size of (Synodontis) S. eupterus (Boulenger) in River Rima, north western Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24089 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:34:56 | 24089 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study was conducted to provide information on gonadosomatic index, fecundity and egg size on S. eupterus from River Rima, North-Western Nigeria, from November 2005 and December 2008. 1,610 samples, comprising of 781 females, 816 males and 13 samples whose sexes could not be identified were examined, giving a female: male ratio of almost 1:1. Gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity (F) and diameter of the oocytes (ES) were analysed. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between GSI, fecundity and egg size with total length (TL), total weight (TW), gonad weight (GW) and gonad maturation stages (MS). Six stages of gonad maturation were established. Mean GSI for female and males were 7.30 0~c6.16SD and 1.05~c1.23SD, respectively. It varied (P〈 0.05) with sex, size class and gonad maturation stage, and exhibited significant (P〈0.05) correlation with fish TL, TW and MS in females but not (P〉0.05) in males. Mean fecundity was 2834.45~c2530.87SD and it correlated most significantly (P〈0.05) with GW; and inversely with MS. Mean egg size was 1.31~c0.33mm. It has non significant (P〉0.05) relationship with TL, TW and MS but significant one (P〈0.05) with GW. Egg size distribution was bimodal, with different sizes of egg in ovaries indicating multiple spawning. This study provided baseline information on some aspects of reproduction which is important in the management of A. occidentalis in River Rima.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables and 2 figures;Also includes: 25 refs.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; S. eupterus ; A. occidentalis ; Nigeria ; Rima R. ; Gonadosomatic index ; fecundity ; oocyte diameter ; gonad maturation stage ; S.eupterus ; freshwater environment ; Gonadosomatic index ; Fecundity ; Fish eggs ; Size ; Reproduction ; Fish ; Spawning ; Frequency ; Oocytes
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    Isolation of Coccidia oocyst from catfish (Clarias gariepinus) raised in plastic tanks in Sabon Gari local government area of Kaduna State (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24092 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:12:34 | 24092 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This paper reports detection of coccidia oocyst from twenty five Clarias gariepinus raised in plastic tanks in Sabon Gari, LGA in Kaduna State. Using simple floatation technique, oocysts were recovered from the intestinal content and gills of Clarias gariepinus. Oocyst number varied from 9 -15 oocysts per slide viewed at x 10 optical magnification of the microscope with the intestines having the highest occurrence. The fish were anorexic and lethargic and post-mortem examination of the dissected fish revealed little or no abdominal fat, pale gills and haemorrhages in the gastrointestinal tract. Forty- eight percent of the examined fish were positive for oocyst. The oocyst was detected more in fish specimen weighing between 240g-300g (58.3%) and length ranging from 28.3cm-30.3cm (66. 7%). The Fulton's condition factor of the infected fish was lower than the uninfected fish. The findings indicate that intestinal Coccidiosis may pose significant health problems in fish; management practices and biosecurity protocols need to be improved.
    Description: Includes:3 tables and 4 figures;Also includes: 19 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Kaduna State ; Coccidia oocyst ; Catfish ; Clarias gariepinus ; Plastic tanks ; freshwater environment ; Oocytes ; Fish culture ; Fish diseases ; Mortality ; Coccoliths
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  • 24
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    Microbial occurrence on differently preserved tilapia fish in Abeokuta North Local Government, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24094 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:01:01 | 24094 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study reports the microbial flora of differently processed tilapia fish obtained from Olomoore market, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Samples were purchased, differently processed (using smoking, salting, freezing) and analyzed for the presence of bacteria. Microbial loads and characterisation were examined on the gills and the skin using standard microbiological procedures. The progression of growth was also monitored within I0-day storage period for the differently processed fish. 〈i〉Proteus vulgaris, Leuconostoc meseritiroides, Klebsiella planticola〈/i〉, Pseudomonas spp, 〈i〉Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtitles〈/i〉, Enterobacter spp, 〈i〉Proteus vulgaris〈/i〉, Lactobacillus spp. were the bacteria isolated from the differently processed fish. There was no significant difference (P~B 0. 05) in the bacteria load of the gill during the first day of processing. However, significant variation (P~B 0. 05) existed in the bacteria load of the skin of the fish during the first day of processing. Although no significant difference (P~B 0. 05) was recorded in the bacteria load of the gill and the skin of the fish during the first day of processing in nutrient agar medium. In the tenth day frozen fish gill had the highest bacteria load while smoked fish gill had the lowest bacteria load there was significant difference (P~B 0. 05) in the bacteria load on the gill of differently processed fish gill. Similarly, there was significant variation (P~0.05) in the bacteria load of the skin of the fish during the tenth day processing.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables;Also includes: 29 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Proteus vulgaris ; Leuconostoc meseritiroides ; Klebsiella planticola ; Staphylocoooccus aureus ; Bacillus subtilis ; Nigeria ; Bacteria ; Microbial ; Occurrence ; Tilapia ; Smoking ; Salting ; Boiling ; freshwater environment ; Microorganisms ; Fishery products ; Processing fishery products ; Fish ; Gills ; Fish diseases ; Skin ; Bacterial diseases ; Pathogens
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Issues limiting the expansion of brackish water aquaculture in the coastal area of Niger Delta (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24093 | 19325 | 2018-05-12 14:42:46 | 24093 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Brackish water Fish Farming is a type of aquaculture that is practiced in the coastal areas. This involves culture of quality fin and shell fishes that are found in the creeks, lagoons and estuaries. It has a capacity and potential of bridging the wide gap between fish demand and supply in these areas. The development of brackish water aquaculture in Niger Delta started many decades ago, its growth and expansion since then has been limited, unlike freshwater aquaculture which has recorded phenomenal growth in recent years. This paper reviews the constraints hindering the effectiveness of the existing conditions of brackish water aquaculture production and also examines the possible solutions to these constraints, for its growth and expansion in the coastal areas of Niger Delta.
    Description: Includes: 6 tables;Also includes: 21 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Pollution ; Nigeria ; Niger Delta ; Brackish water ; Constraints ; Niger Delta ; AQuaculture ; Fish ; brackishwater environment ; marine environment ; Brackishwater aquaculture ; Coastal zone ; Finfish fisheries ; Shellfish culture ; Potential yield ; Aquaculture ; Pollution effects
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    Potentials of Prosopis africana for fish smoking in Lake Chad Basin: a review (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24098 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:09:44 | 24098 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This paper examines the importance of Prosopis Africana as the most abundant tree in Baga and environs. Despite its abundance fish processors prefer the other trees that are almost becoming scarce especially Acacia Nolitica for fish smoking. There is need for awareness to adapt the use of Prosopis Africana for environmental sustainability and preservation of other trees not to go into extinction.
    Description: Includes: 2 plates;Also incudes: 12 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Law ; Nigeria ; Chad L. ; Smoking kiln ; freshwater environment ; Curing ; Fish ; Processing fishery products ; Deforestation ; Environmental degradation ; Wood ; Sustainability ; Sustainable development
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    Global warming: implications on freshwater fish, a review (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24099 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:12:57 | 24099 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Global warning and climate change are growing environmental concerns which are much in the scientific, governmental and public eye are present. The potential impact on freshwater fish is immense because most fish have no physiological ability to regulate their body temperature.
    Description: Includes: 21 refs
    Keywords: Environment ; Fisheries ; Pollution ; Nigeria ; Global warming ; Climate change ; Freshwater fish ; freshwater environment ; Freshwater fish ; Spawning ; Biological stress ; Environmental impact ; Environmental assessment ; Body temperature ; Legislation ; Global warming ; Climatic changes
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    Some ecological factors of the tropical floodplain influencing the breeding and conservation of Gymnarchus niloticus (Cuvier 1829): a review (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24096 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:04:57 | 24096 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Gymnarchus niloticus is the only species of the family Gymnarchidae. It is a popular food fish in most parts of Africa where it is greatly esteemed. In some culture, it is offered as a special gift to leaders during festive seasons, while in some others it is an important part of items presented by a suitor to the parents of a girl at the time of betrothal. It can therefore be inferred that G. niloticus is not only important as food fish with economic significance, but also plays vital roles in the socio-cultural life of some African tribes. The supply of this important species still depends largely on the catch from the wild. However, based on the method of catch, it has been classified as endangered. A close examination of the ecological factors in the floodplain (where it migrates to breed), revealed strong influence on the breeding and survival of the fish. The level of rainfall determines the extent of floodplain inundation, and the abundance and survival of the flora and fauna in the area. These in turn determine the availability of breeding substrates and natural food sources for the various stages of G. niloticus. Therefore, rainfall, the flora and the fauna of the floodplain play vital roles in the breeding and survival of G. niloticus in nature. To ensure the conservation of this important species, controlled propagation strategies that draws on the influence of prevailing ecological factors in the floodplain is recommended. This will ensure conservation, and protect the economic and socio-cultural significance of G. niloticus.
    Description: Includes: 4 figures;Also includes: 36 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Fisheries ; Gymnarchus niloticus ; Nigeria ; Ecological factor ; Tropical floodplains ; Breeding ; Conservation ; Gymnarchus ; Tropical floodplains ; freshwater environment ; Flood plains ; Ecology ; Breeding ; Conservation ; Fish ; Food fish ; Commercial species ; Rare species ; Catch/effort ; Ecological distribution
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    Role of feed handling in fish farms in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24097 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:07:51 | 24097 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study examined fish health status in relation to fish feed handling. Twelve (12) fish farms were randomly selected for assessment of types of fish farms, sources, disease problems associated with fish feeds as well as mode of operation and age of farms in Abeokuta, Ogun State Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were administered for data collection. The fish farms surveyed were categorized into three (3) main groups: farms with less than five (5) fish rearing tanks as small scale production (16. 7%), farms with more than five but less than 10 fish rearing tanks as medium scale production (75%) and farms with above ten (10) fish rearing tanks as large scale production (8.3%). The operational methods were fingerlings production (25%), grow-out (table-size) production (25%) and those involved in the production of both fingerlings and table-size fish (50%). All the farms surveyed utilized compounded rations with only one farm combining compounded rations with natural food (artemia). All the farms experienced different levels of limitations in sourcing for feeds. The types of diseases identified on the farms were bacterial disease, parasitic disease as well as water pollution problem. As regards the duration of feed storage, feeds stored for three months and above suffered more disease problems with increase in water pollution level and presence of parasitic disease, while feeds stored for less than two (2) months experienced only bacterial disease. In controlling the highlighted diseases, farms with brood stock fish adopted only the effort of elimination of water (l00%), those involved in fingerlings used antibiotics and malachite green (50% and 100% respectively), those involved in the production of table-size fish used antibiotics (50%), while those involved in production of both fingerlings and table-size employed 100% water elimination.
    Description: Incudes: 3 tables and 1 figure;Also includes: 8 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Nigeria ; Ogun ; Ere Channel ; Fish fish handling ; freshwater environment ; Feed preparation ; Feed ; Fish culture ; Nutrition disorders ; Diseases ; Handling
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    The effects of light and dark exposure on growth response of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared in glass aquaria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24101 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:24:18 | 24101 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The study was carried out to determine the effect of light and dark exposures on the growth response of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. A total of 120 four-week old Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (mean weight 0.52g~c0.02) were stocked into 20 litres of bore-hole water in glass aquarium (60x30x30) cm. Complete light, dark and normal photo periods were the experimental conditions evaluated. Growth indices such as mean weight gain and mean increase in standard lengths were significantly (p〈0. 05) highest in the dark exposure with the following values respectively: (4.19 ~c 0.02g) and (4.11 ~c 0.19cm). Also, percentage survival (82.5%) in the dark exposure was higher than light and control (45% and 70% respectively). Light exposure had higher cannibalism rate (42.5%) than the dark and control (0% and 5 % respectively). Deep shiny black skin colouration was observed among the fingerlings in the dark exposure, while those in the light and control experimental conditions exhibited lighter and normal skin colourations respectively. The experimental conditions were not influenced by the water quality parameters (mean pH: 8~c 0.1 and temp: 28.1 ~c 0.60 ~'C) since their values were within the tolerable limit for fish culture throughout the 42 days experimental period.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables;Also includes: 10 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Maiduguri ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Growth ; Photoperiodicity ; Experimental culture ; Fingerlings ; Cannibalism ; Survival ; Light attenuation ; Fish culture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    The socio-economic analysis of small scale fish farmers in Lagos State fish farm estate, Ikorodu, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24100 | 19325 | 2018-05-19 06:34:02 | 24100 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This study was conducted to evaluate the socio-economic analysis of small scale fish farmers in Lagos state fish farming estate in Ikorodu, Nigeria. The primary data were obtained from 60 respondents with structured interview guides and face to face interview, which were selected using simple random sampling techniques. The result revealed that most (88.3%) of the fish farmers are male while (31.40%) are in the active age distribution of 31-40 years, university education (63.0%) and 58.3% were married, 73.4% had a household size that ranged between 3 - 5 persons. Results of the descriptive analyses and tests of significance however showed that there was a significant relationship between socio-economic characteristics and constraint of fish farmers in the estate, there is also a significant relationship between income of fish farmers and constraints of the fish farm enterprise. Implications of these findings were critically-examined, and pertinent recommendations were proffered based on the salient findings in the study.
    Description: Includes: 6 tables and 1 figure;Also includes: 17 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Sociology ; Nigeria ; Lagos ; Farm estate ; fish farming enterprises ; Ikorodu ; Small scale ; Socio-economic ; Nigeria ; freshwater environment ; Fish culture ; Artisanal fishing ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Evaluation ; Aquaculture
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    Socio-economic status of the fisher folk of Yuna Adopted Village in Borgu local government area, Niger State (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24106 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:52:14 | 24106 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Overcoming Poverty in Nigeria is one of the fundamental challenges facing the country today. The study was conducted to assess the socio-economic status of fisher folks in Yuna Adopted Village Borgu Local Government Area of Niger State. One hundred respondents (65 male and 35 female) were purposively selected from four registered groups in the Village. Frequencies and Percentages were used to arrange, summarize and present the findings of this study. Majority of the male respondents fell within the range of 30-49 years, while female respondents range from 40-49 and 60-69 years. The distribution of respondents based on educational attainment shows that 92.3% male and 100% female had Quranic education. Majority of the respondents (both male and female) lives in mud with thatched roof houses and do not own radio and television. Similarly the highest proportion of male respondents generated mostly income of N111,000 and N6,000 - N10,000, while female respondents earned between Nll,000 - N30,000 and N6,000-N10,000 only. The technologies awareness by respondents include fish farming, V-bottom boat, Solar tent dryer and trammel net, only fish farming was adopted by respondents. The major constraints to Agricultural production were identified and suggestions was made on how to overcome the constraints.
    Description: Includes: 6 tables;Also includes: 12 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Sociology ; Nigeria ; Awareness creation ; Technologies adoption ; Poverty ; Fishers ; Adopted Technologies ; freshwater environment ; Artisanal fishing ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Food security ; Sustainable development ; Inland fisheries ; Fishing villages ; Technology transfer
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    Utilization effects of substituting maize with graded levels of ripe and unripe banana (Musa sapientum) peels in the diet of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24102 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:27:19 | 24102 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Six diets were produced using graded levels of banana peels (5 %, 10 % and 15 % for both ripe and unripe banana peels) which were compared with the controlled diet containing maize in the diet of C. gariepinus juveniles. Feeds were fed to triplicate groups of ten fish each to satiation twice daily for ten weeks. There were significant differences (p 〈 0.05) in Mean Weight Gain (MWG) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) amongst the experimental diets. The control diet had the highest MWG (58.40~c 5.27g) and SGR (1.877~c 0.09 %) while the least values of MWG (25.03 g) and SGR (0.35 %) were recorded in Diet 3(15 % unripe banana peels). The Feed conversion ratio, Protein efficiency ratio and Protein intake recorded significant differences (P 〈 0.05) between the control and the experimental diets. Similarly, significant differences (P 〈 0.05) were recorded in Profit Index, Incidence of Cost and Economic Investment Cost Analysis between the control and experimental diets. Histometry analysis of fish organs equality recorded significant differences (P 〈 0.05) between the control and other test diets. Although the Control diet had the best growth performance, it recorded the least profit index (1.87) while Diet 2 (10 % ripe banana) had the highest Profit Index (3.11). Hence, graded levels of plantain peel is a profitable alternative energy source for partial replacement of maize up to 10 % ripe and unripe banana peels in diet of C. gariepinus.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables;Also includes: 22 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Lagos ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Feeding experiments ; Fish culture ; Nutritional requirements ; Utilization ; Byproducts ; Energy resources ; Nutrients (mineral)
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Stock assessment of shrimps and prawn species of the Lower Benue and Niger River, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24107 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:53:57 | 24107 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The shrimps were collected from three sampling sites: on the River Benue at Makurdi, Benue state, on the River Niger at Jebba and Lokoja and Idah at Kogi state from January to April, 2011. Macrobrachium felicinum and Atya gabonensis were sampled during this period, with Atya gabonensis occurring more abundantly. Condition factors of freshwater shrimps Atya gabonensis from the two water bodies in Nigeria range from 1.875for species in Jebba in March to 3.330 for Lokoja in March. The parameter ”b” of the length - weight relationship of the fresh water shrimps are less than three (rangingfrom 1.0233 for species from Lokoja in April to 2.7717 for species from Makurdi in Feburary). These values suggest negative allometric growth. The length frequency of freshwater shrimps sampled shows that peak populations of length groups occurred in April for species from Jebba and Makurdi while peaks occurred in January for species from Lokoja.Peak frequencies were observed in length of 4.0 - 5. 4cm and 8.5 - 9.9cm in January as well as 5.5 -6.9cm for species from Lokoja and in the group of 5.5 - 6.9cm in April for species from Makurdi and 7.0-8.4cm in April for both Makurdi and Jebba.
    Description: Includes: 2 tables;Also includes: 16 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Atya gabonensis ; Macrobrachim felicinum ; Nigeria ; Maiduguri ; Nigeria ; Niger ; Jebba L. ; freshwater environment ; Stock assessment ; Allometry ; Growth ; Depleted stocks ; Catch/effort ; Condition factor ; Length-weight relationships ; Shrimp fisheries
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    Graded level inclusion of melon shell in the diet of hybrid catfish (Heteroclarias) as energy source (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24103 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:44:13 | 24103 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Utilization of agricultural waste- melon shell by hybrid catfish (heteroclarias) 3.92 ~c 0.05g was investigated in this research. Five isonitrogenous diets containing 40% crude protein with inclusion levels of melon shell meal (MSM) at 0%,25%,50%, 75% and 100% in replacement of maize meal was fed to heteroclarias species for 56.days. The results indicated significant differences (P〈0.05) in the growth parameters and body compositions. Diet containing 50% melon shell meal gave a significantly high mean weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, apparent protein utilization and low feed conversion ratio respectively. The experiment supported the inclusion of melon shell meal up to 50% without detrimental effects on the growth of the fish.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables and 1 figure;Also includes: 14 erfs.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Aquaculture ; Nigeria ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Byproducts ; Feeding experiments ; Utilization ; Diets ; Nutritional requirements ; Energy resources ; Growth rate
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Spatial mapping of shellfish marketing in Kure Ultra modern market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24105 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:50:13 | 24105 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Geographic Information system and Remote Sensing in the field of marketing is used in this study to open up a wide range of its possible applications as the study assessed shellfish marketing in Kure Ultra Modern Market Minna Niger State. The aim was to develop a database of various shellfish product on sale at the market. The demographic profile, socio-economic characteristics of the marketers and problem associated with the marketing, 100 questionnaires were administered the analytical tool used were frequency distribution, tables, percentages and cost-benefit ratio. Returns from the interview and questionnaire were use to verify the result which depicts that both male and female were engage in the business with female forming the majority group (55%) and 45% men. Marketing of the shellfish was profitable which was attributed to realization of the significant of shellfish over meat. The high profit was recorded in raining seasoning (70%) while dry season sales were 30%. Species of shellfish marketed were crayfish, prawn, cockles, snail, shrimps and crabs. The study also shows that the shellfishes mostly sold are in fresh form (85%) while 15% are in dry form. Daily sales ranges from N1000-N5000, majority of the respondents (75%) patronize low-cost transportation means between N500-N1000. In every enterprise there must be a problem; most of the problem encountered by the respondents were lack of constant supply from the landing site which is mostly marine environment, inadequate storage facility, poor transportation, high tax charges and theft; all this attribute data and the co-ordinate of the selling point at the market were put into ArcGIS environment. Base on the findings, recommendations were profiled to the government and database kept for references.
    Description: Includes: 4 tables and 4 figures;Also includes: 9 refs.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Management ; Nigeria ; Geographic information system ; Remote sesing ; Attribute Data ; Database ; marketing ; Distribution channels ; Cost and returns profit ; Spatial mapping ; freshwater environment ; Shellfish ; Mapping ; Marketing ; Fish ; Socioeconomic aspects ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Sensory evaluation of fish spring roll produced from tilapia and catfish (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24104 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 13:46:24 | 24104 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Acceptance of fish spring roll produced from Tilapia and Catfish were evaluated in an attempt to explore the possibilities of better utilization of undersized Tilapia and Catfish species. The products were produced with cooked potatoes (20%) egg (0.5%), milk (0.21%), butter(10.47%), flour(41.87%), vegetable oil(16.75%), carrot(0.46%), pepper (0.04%), made up to 100% with 10% inclusion of Tilapia in Tilapia spring roll and Catfish in Catfish spring roll. Tilapia and Catfish were boiled in a boiling pot before deboning for 10 minutes and then mashed for 5 minutes. The vegetables were chopped and steamed in a steaming pot for 5 minutes. 41.87% of flour was mixed together with steamed fishes and vegetable and rolled out into cylindrical shape of one inch thickness, deep fried in 800ml of vegetable oil and then allowed to cool. The acceptance was evaluated with 25 man panel based on taste, flavor, colour and texture. 80% of the panelist preferred spring roll made from Tilapia to those made from Catfish. 90%$ like the texture and flavor of spring roll made from catfish than that of Tilapia. There was higher consumer acceptability for spring roll made from Tilapia. In the flavor and colour of the spring roll, there was no significant difference observed between rolls made from catfish and Tilapia. Commercialization of these products can contribute to diversification in the fish industry through better utilization of undersized Tilapia and Catfish.
    Description: Includes: 1 table and 1 figure;Also includes: 7 refs.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Nigeria ; Ingredient ; Recipes ; Production ; Preparation ; Qiality and nutrition ; Fish spring Roll ; freshwater environment ; Sensors ; Evaluation ; Fish ; Feeding experiments ; Utilization ; Minced products ; Animal nutrition ; Fishery products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: 243-246
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    Threats to fish biodiversity conservation in Echara River, Ebonyi State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24111 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:20:32 | 24111 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A study on threats to fish species conservation in Echara River, Nigeria was carried out from September 2009 to February 2011 to generate inferential data for Fisheries policy formulations to assess the potential of the Fishery to alleviate malnutrition among the poor in the rural communities, and use of the living resources for teaching and research. A total number of 709 fishes comprising of Fin-fishes and shell-fishes belonging to 13 families, 19 genera and 40 species were caught in 216 fishing efforts, at 10 days interval using hooks and lines (size 13), cast nets, gill nets and traps of mesh sizes of 50mm, 75mm and l00mm respectively. Fish identification was done using taxonomic keys. Evaluation of fishing methods of the Artisans within the basin was by visual survey and the use of structured questionnaires. It was observed that during the dry season, 55% of artisanal Fishers used obnoxious methods to catch fish, ranging from chemical toxicants (14%), unselective Fishing gears (35%) and direct draining (6%). It was concluded that there is an urgent need for monitoring the impacts of human activities on freshwater systems and to evolve appropriate implementable management strategies, backed up by political will to check anthropogenic impacts that have deleterious effects on the fishery.
    Description: Includes: 2 figures and 1 plate;Also includes: 8 refs.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Nigeria ; Ebonyi R. ; freshwater environment ; Fish ; Biodiversity ; Conservation ; Inland water environment ; Taxonomy ; Identification ; Species ; Catching methods ; Evaluation ; Artisanal fishing ; Collisions ; Overexploitation ; Pollution ; Climatic changes ; Fishery surveys ; Fishery policy
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    Effects of synthetic and non-synthetic hormones on the fecundity of Clarias gariepinus: a review (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24112 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:23:20 | 24112 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: This paper reviewed the effect of synthetic and non-synthetic hormones on the fecundity fertilization, hatching, latency period and ovulation of Clarias gariepinus. The reviewed result confirmed the necessity of stimulating fecundity in Clarias gariepinus with hormones complexes. The effectiveness of synthetic hormones over the non-synthetic hormones in fecundity stimulation and the highest fecundity level, hatching and fertilization recorded was from the synthetic hormonal sources. Hormonal substances influenced greatly fecundity, ovulation, fertilization of Clarias gariepinus but the technical- know- how involved in getting the non-synthetic hormone such as pituitary is very difficult and rigorous which makes the synthetic counterpart preferable.
    Description: Includes: 20 refs.
    Keywords: Biology ; Aquaculture ; Clarias gariepinus ; Nigeria ; Synthetic ; Hormones ; Fecundity ; Clarias gariepinus ; freshwater environment ; Fecundity ; Hormones ; Fish ; Reproduction ; Induced breeding ; Pituitary gland
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    The status of shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and prawn (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) farming in Cross River State, Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24110 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:17:24 | 24110 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A survey on the status of shrimp and prawn farming in Cross river state was carried out in March, 2011. The survey was conducted using structured questionnaires and visits to potential sites. Data obtained through the analysis of the questionnaires indicated that seventy seven percent (77%) of the respondents were within the age bracket of 2l-50 years which fell within the active age while ten percent (10%) of the respondents were above 60 years. The educational background of the respondents showed that forty percent (40%) had tertiary education, 5.7% had technical education, 28.5% secondary education and 11.4% had primary education. The survey revealed that there was no shrimp or prawn farming in the state at the time of visit. Majority of the shrimp production activities were mainly from the capture fisheries, including both artisanal and industrial fisheries. A number of fisher folk interviewed were very enthusiastic to venture into shrimp and prawn farming if the technology for the propagation of the species were made available to them. Successful development of shrimp/prawn culture technology and dissemination will enhance aquaculture production of the species thereby creating employment opportunities and alleviating poverty.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables and 3 figures;Also includes: 7 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Penaeus monodon ; Macrobrachium vollenhovenii ; Nigeria ; Cross River ; Status ; Shrimp ; Prawn ; Culture ; Cross river state ; marine environment ; Shrimp culture ; Prawn culture ; Aquaculture products ; Artisanal fishing ; Fishery surveys
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    The nature of fishing community in Nigeria: a case study of Itowolo fishing community, Lagos (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24109 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:11:01 | 24109 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Itowolo is a fishing village being boarded with Lagos lagoon on nearly every side except the southern part which opened to the Ikorodu road from Mile 12 part of Agboyi - Ketu Local Council Development Area. During the raining season, the water level increases which possibly cause flood at heavy down pour while low water level of higher salinity during the dry season. The indigenes are primarily fisherfolks and they are effective in their fishing activities by having individual functional canoe ranging from small unmotorised paddled dugout type to outboard ones. The main gears used for fishing in the area are cast nets, gill nets, traps, hooks and lines among which cast net is prominently used Their landings during the raining season involve different species of fishes such as Heterobranchus species, Heterotis species, Channa species including others while tilapia of different species take the greatest percentage of their catches during the dry season. The shrimps top the population of catches between the months of July September. The dwellers during off fishing season engage in other economic activities that generate income such as petty trading, palm tapping, fuel wood trading, transport business, mat making, hairdressing, fashion designing, computer business centres and telecommunication vendors. In general, fishing activities are characterized by low unit productivity, intensive labour, relative low capital, low operational costs and limited gear coverage. High post harvest losses are usually experienced due to lack of suitable storage facilities which eventually lead to relative low profit.
    Description: Includes: 3 tables and 3 figures;Also includes : 5 refs,
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Sociology ; Nigeria ; Fishing communities ; Fishing household and change ; Artisanal fishing ; Fishing vessels ; Fishing gear ; Cast nets ; Fish ; Catch statistics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    The role of biotechnology in aquacultural development in Nigeria (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24114 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:27:57 | 24114 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: The paper reviews some relevant approaches to the use of biotechnology for aquaculture development in Nigeria. Such approaches include: biotechnology through genetic manipulations, selective breeding, hybridization, molecular marker, assisted selection, transgenesis, inbreeding, induction of polyploidy and cell nuclear transplantation. Problems facing the use of these technologies were discussed under limited (research facilities, funding and skills), lack of suitable domesticated species, religious constraints, and ecological risk hazards associated with genetically modified fish. Few suggestions were proffered as panacea to the problems. When such solutions are adequately applied, the overall effect will improve productivity and bring about the needed reduction in the gap between demand and supply of aquaculture produce.
    Description: Includes: 14 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Nigeria ; Biotechnology ; Aquaculture ; Role ; Development ; Associated ; Nigeria ; freshwater environment ; Biotechnology ; Aquaculture development ; Aquaculture ; Seed collection ; Fry ; Fish ; Hybrids ; Genetically modified organisms
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    Induced breeding of Clarias anguillaris with Xenopus leavies (African clawed frog) crude pituitary glands (2021)
    FISON | Minna (Nigeria)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24113 | 19325 | 2018-05-16 14:26:02 | 24113 | Fisheries Society of Nigeria
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Ripe C. anguillaris, size ranging from 350-700g total body weight (TBW), were treated with frog (Xenopus laevis) crude pituitary glands at four treatment levels of 1 pituitary, 2 pituitaries and 3 pituitaries per broodstock of mean weight 434.44 ~c 79.39g and Ovaprim for control. Each treatment was replicated three times. The frogs weight ranged from 39.40- 60.00 g. The latency period before successful stripping was 14 hours with one pituitary hormone dosage, 12 hours with two pituitaries and 9 hours with three pituitaries. Eggs were incubated at temperature range of 26 - 27~'C. Hatching started after 24 hrs and was completed by 36 hrs of incubation. Egg yield or fecundity was observed to vary according to the dosage of pituitary glands administered. Two pituitary glands injection yielded the highest egg number with mean fecundity of 43749~c 3005 followed by one pituitary gland treatment with mean fecundity of 34786 ~c 5386. Three pituitary glands treatment gave the least fecundity of 26007 ~c 4360. Percentage fertilization and hatching of the eggs were also higher in two pituitary glands treatment with 98% fertilization and hatching. This was followed by one pituitary (98% fertilization and 75.% hatching) and three pituitary glands with 98%fertilization and 62% hatching. The fries were reared for 8 weeks. Mortality was observed to be highest during the second week in all the three treatments. Treatment two (2 pituitaries) still had the highest survival of 68.40% followed by treatment one (1 pituitary) with 29.60% survival and treatment three (3 pituitaries) with only 4.80% survival. The stock stabilized and no mortality (0%) was recorded from 3rd to 8th weeks of rearing. Results indicated that 2 pituitary glands treatment was most effective followed by 1 and 3 glands treatments respectively. Weight of frogs and their respective pituitaries and weight of fish appeared to have relative effects on their productivity. Three frogs (F) of mean weight 67.52 ~c 33.70 were observed to be an over dose to a fish of 434.44 g mean weight.
    Description: Includes: 2 tables;Also includes: 10 refs.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Clarias anguillaris ; Xenopus laevis ; Nigeria ; Clarias anguillaris ; breeding ; Frog pituitary ; freshwater environment ; Induced breeding ; Fish ; Pituitary gland ; Fecundity ; Hatcheries ; Aquaculture ; Brood stocks
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