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  • Rats
  • Seismology
  • 2020-2022  (5)
  • 1990-1994  (1.065)
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-09-30
    Beschreibung: This work focuses on the observation of data recorded by the seismic temporary network installed in the Amatrice area, under the umbrella of the Italian Center for Seismic Microzonation (http://www.centromicrozonazionesismica.it), following the M 6.0 earthquake of August 24, 2016 in Central Italy. The aim was studying the presence of an evident late low frequency wave packet observed in some of the recorded aftershocks. In order to interpret this phenomenon, we combined a beam-forming analysis performed on these data with the statistics on residuals of localizations related to the same events, recorded by the Italian Seismic Network (RSN). The total number of analyzed events, characterized by M≥=3 and epicentral distances between 30 and 55 Km, is 356. By observing the seismic traces of these events there was an evidence, in some of them, of a low frequency packet appearing 10 seconds after the first arrival. The evidence of this packet was correlated with epicentral distance and focal depth. For a subset of stations, considered as an array, a beam-forming analysis was performed by using the ObsPy toolbox (M. Beyreuther et al., 2010). Results of this analysis gave information in terms of slowness and azimuth to distinguish the main seismic phases of the considered events. In addition, by using locations of the RSN records (Chiaraluce et al., 2017), we performed a parallel analysis within the subset of events with clear evidence of the low frequency packet. We relocated these events by using the NonLinLoc code, with a fixed 1D P-wave velocity model, and varying the Vp/ Vs ratio in the range 1.6–2.0. We found that the P phases residuals are not influenced by the Vp/Vs ratio changes whereas the higher the Vp/Vs the lower are the S phases residuals. Higher values of Vp/Vs ratio, fixing Vp values, could mean a decrease of Vs connected to particular effects during the seismic waves path, that are probably due to geological heterogeneities at local or larger scale
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Miami, Florida
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Schlagwort(e): Microzonation ; Seismology ; Wave propagation ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-09-30
    Beschreibung: Following the M 6.0 of August 24 2016 Amatrice earthquake, a temporary seismic network was installed in the village of Amatrice, under the umbrella of the Italian Center for Seismic Microzonation (http://www.centromicrozonazionesismica.it), who conducted a preparatory survey to seismic microzonation with other Italian Institutions. This work focuses on data analysis of 7 stations installed in the Amatrice terrace which is representative of the geological condition of the town, with the aim of studying the possible presence of secondary effects during the seismic sequence caused by site conditions. Stiff bedrock outcroppings were also sampled with 2 reference stations. Preliminary analyses carried out on several earthquakes with Ml 〉 4 highlight the presence of a low frequency phase with a high energy content at 6 -7 seconds after the first P-wave arrival in almost all the recordings. This wave package was observed for the Mw 6.5 of October 30 earthquake and it has the highest amplitude of the entire recordings, having PGA values of 0.5 g and frequency between 2 and 3 Hz. Frequency-wavenumber analysis performed for the 7 stations array gives an important contribution for the interpretation of this phenomenon, showing that the low frequency wave-package for the examined events does not always show back-azimuth and slowness values compatible with the very first portion of the seismic record. It could be associated to the presence of reflected or refracted waves generated by secondary effects as geological or morphological heterogeneities at local or larger scale.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Vienna
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Schlagwort(e): Microzonation ; Seismology ; Wave propagation ; Seismic amplification ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-30
    Beschreibung: Normal fault systems, outcropping or hidden below Quaternary covers in intermountain basins, are the expression of the Neogene-Quaternary evolution of central Italy, characterized by an extensional tectonic regime following the fold and thrust structuring of the Appenninic orogen. The presence of these features plays an important role in seismic risk evaluation of an area. In this work we deal with the use of single-station seismic noise measurements to detect sudden lateral variations of the geometries and/or properties of subsoil connected to the presence of tectonic elements (fault zones). Ambient noise data were collected along transects perpendicular to the strike of hypothetical fault lines for 3 test sites within the Abruzzi Region. The proposed approach is suitable for detecting in a fast and simple way local lateral changes in the subsoil characteristics close to geological structures and can be very effective to properly address more expensive and time consuming classical geophysical and paleoseismological approaches.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Pescina, Fucino Basin, Italy
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Schlagwort(e): Microzonation ; Seismology ; Applied geophysics ; Detection of buried geological structures ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-09-30
    Beschreibung: In this work we tested the capability of single station ambient noise spectral ratios (HVNSR) technique to be used as a proxy for detecting sharp variations in the subsoil characteristics in sedimentary basins. In sites characterized by 1D response HVNSR is able to detect the resonance frequency of sediments (f0) to be related with their thickness and velocity. In quasi-1D geological situation, a smooth variation in the resonance frequency suggests some variation in the thickness of the soft sedimentary layers or in their velocity. In the case of sharp lateral variation of the subsoil, as in presence of morphological steps or buried faults in the bedrock, the noise wave-field becomes more complex and spectral ratios show some directional effect strictly related to the presence of the lateral heterogeneity (Matsushima et al. 2014). In this work we focus our attention on the detection of a buried shallow tectonic element known in bibliography (Galadini, Galli 1999) as the Luco dei Marsi fault, located in the western margin of the Fucino basin (central Appenines, Italy). We performed simultaneous ambient noise measurements using MarsLite digitizers equipped with Lennarts 3d-5s velocimeters along a transect, with inter-station distance between 30 and 50 meters, which crosses perpendicularly the surface projection of fault line. The collected data, analyzed with classical HVNSR technique, show some complexities in the f0 distribution compatible with the presence of the buried fault. In detail, our results highlight a 1D response with a clear resonance peak for the stations located away from the fault. Moving closer to the fault line, where the 1D condition is not verified, the resonance peak becomes broader. Directional analysis of spectral ratios suggests the dependence of the noise wave-field to the presence of the fault line. Close to the geological feature, results of directional analysis show a doubling in the resonance frequency with relative amplitudes changing for fault-parallel and fault-normal direction of polarization. To support with an independent approach our observations, an electrical resistivity tomography was performed along the transect whose results show the presence of a clear step in a high resistivity shallow layer that can be assumed as the bedrock. After this analysis we decided to extend the ambient noise transect towards the centre of the basin where no fault line is mapped and where we expected a smooth lowering of f0 values due to the deepening of the bedrock. This feature was really observed for a while but at a distance between 400 and 500 meters from the Luco fault we detected again some anomaly in HVNSR data with a doubling of resonance frequency and relative amplitudes depending from the direction of polarization. This observation suggests the presence of deeper tectonic element parallel to the Luco fault. As a conclusion of our work we believe that HVNSR and polarization analysis can represent a quick and fast method to hypothesize the presence of buried discontinuity in the subsoil and can be usefully used to guide the positioning of more sophisticated geophysical analysis aimed at mapping their geometries.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Trieste, Italy
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Schlagwort(e): Microzonation ; Seismology ; Applied geophysics ; Detection of buried geological structures ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Under certain conditions, ocean surface gravity waves (SGW) interact with the seafloor underneath to trigger relatively faint but measurable seismic waves known as ocean microseisms. Cyclonic storms (e.g. hurricanes, typhoons) wandering over the ocean are major (non-stationary) sources of the former, thus opening the possibility of tracking and studying cyclones by means of their corresponding microseims. For this purpose, we identified storm-related microseisms hidden in the ambient seismic wavefield via array processing. Polarization beamforming, a robust and well-known technique is implemented. The analyses hinge on surface waves (Love and Rayleigh) which, in contrast to P-waves, are stronger but only constrain direction of arrival (without source remoteness). We use a few land-based virtual seismic arrays surrounding the North Atlantic to investigate the signatures of major hurricanes in the microseismic band (0.05-0.16 Hz), in a joint attempt to continuously triangulate their tracks. Our findings show that storm microseisms are intermittently excited with modulated amplitude at localized oceanic regions, particularly over the shallow continental shelves and slopes, having maximum amplitudes virtually independent of storm category. In most cases no detection was possible over deep oceanic regions, nor at distant arrays. Additionally, the rear quadrants and trailing swells of the cyclone provide the optimum SGW spectrum for the generation of microseisms, often shifted more than 500 km off the "eye". As a result of the aforementioned and added to the strong attenuation of storm microseisms, the inversion of tracks or physical properties of storms using a few far-field arrays is discontinuous in most cases, being reliable only if benchmark atmospheric and/or oceanic data is available for comparison. Even if challenging due to the complexity of the coupled phenomena responsible for microseisms, the inversion of site properties, such as bathymetric parameters (e.g. depth, seabed geomorphology), near- bottom geology or SGW spectrum might be possible if storms are treated as natural sources in time-lapse ambient noise investigations. This will likely require near-field (land and underwater) observations using optimal arrays or dense, widespread sensor networks. Improved detection and understanding of ocean microseisms carries a great potential to contribute to mechanically coupled atmosphere-ocean-earth models.
    Beschreibung: Universität Hamburg
    Beschreibung: poster
    Schlagwort(e): 550 ; 621 ; 004 ; 534 ; Ambient seismic noise ; Seismology ; Oceanography ; Microseisms ; Cyclones ; Hurricanes ; Marine Geophysics ; Beamforming ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: poster
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Schlagwort(e): Rats ; hepatocytes ; phosphoinositide cascade ; zinc ; metallothionein ; alkaline phosphatase ; Ratten ; Hepatocyten ; Phosphoinositol-Effektorsystem ; Zink ; Metallothionein ; alkalische Phosphatase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Am Modell primärer Rattenhepatocytenkulturen wurde die Beteiligung von Agonisten des Phosphoinositol-Effektorsystems am Metabolismus von Metallothionein (MT) und alkalischer Phosphatase (ALP) untersucht. Alle Experimente wurden in DMEM/F12 (Ham)-Medium sowohl nach 24stündiger Vorinkubation mit foetalem Kälberserum (FCS) als auch nach Vorinkubation mit Rinderserumalbumin (BSA) durchgeführt. Die Versuche an den Hepatocytenkulturen wurden mit Dexamethason (DEX), Zink (Zn) und den Agonisten des Phosphoinositol-Effektorsystems, der Calciumionophore A 23187, 1,2-Dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DiC8), 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetat (TPA), Angiotensin II (AT), Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) und Arg8-Vasopressin (VP), durchgeführt. Als Parameter wurden die Konzentrationen an MT und die Aktivität der ALP im Zellmaterial bestimmt. Die Vitalität der Kulturen wurde über die Freisetzung der Aktivität der Laktatdehydrogenase (LDH) ins Kulturmedium, der Induzierbarkeit der Tyrosinaminotransferase (TAT) durch DEX und der Anfärbbarkeit der Zellen mit Trypanblau nachgewiesen. Die Zellvitalität wurde durch die FCS-Vorinkubation und DEX-Supplementierung insgesamt verbessert. Unabhängig davon, ob die Zellen mit FCS oder BSA vorinkubiert wurden, stieg der MT-Gehalt der Zellen durch Zn und DEX, als aus der Literatur bekannte direkte Induktoren von MT, um ein Mehrfaches an. Nach FCS-Vorbehandlung war ein moderater Anstieg der ALP-Aktivität nachzuweisen, der jedoch als Vitalitätseffekt interpretiert werden kann. DEX und Zn führten zu keinen Veränderungen der ALP-Aktivität. Alle getesteten Agonisten des Phosphoinositol-Effektorsystems konnten weder MT noch ALP induzieren. Lediglich A 23187 führte zu einer signifikanten konzentrationsabhängigen Reduktion der beiden Parameter. Diese Beobachtung wurde, durch den Anstieg der LDH-Aktivität im Medium und der Zunahme mit Trypanblau anfärbbaren Zellen, auf einen cytotoxischen Effekt von A 23187 zurückgeführt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt, daß Agonisten des Phosphoinositol-Effektorsystems nicht in der Lage sind, den Metabolismus von MT und ALP primärer Rattenhepatocyten zu verändern. Die Ergebnisse früherer in vivo Experimente, in denen Agonisten des Phosphoinositol-Effektorsystems den Zn-Stoffwechsel der Leber modulierten, können somit als indirekter systemischer Effekt gedeutet werden.
    Notizen: Summary Adult rat primary hepatocytes maintained in DMEM/F12 (Ham) media were used as a model system for studying the role of fetal calf serum (FCS) and agonists of the phosphoinositide cascade in the metabolism of metallothionein (MT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Experiments were performed both after a 24 h preincubation with FCS and with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Hepatocytes were treated with dexamethasone (DEX), zinc (Zn) and with the agonists of the phosphoinositide cascade A 23187, 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DiC8), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), angiotensin II (AT), platelet activating factor (PAF), Arg8-vasopressin (VP) and were analyzed for MT and ALP activity in cell homogenates. Cell viability was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) liberation into culture medium, induction of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) through DEX and by trypan blue exclusion. Overall, cell viability was improved by the FCS pretreatment and by DEX. Exposure of hepatocytes to the established direct inducers Zn and DEX of MT resulted in a manifold increase in MT, independent of whether the cultures were FCS pretreated or not. The FCS preincubation produced a moderate elevation of ALP activity by stimulating cell viability. However, ALP was unaltered in response to Zn and DEX. None of the experiments conducted with agonists of the phosphoinositide cascade led to an elevation of MT and ALP. Only the incubation of hepatocytes with A 23187 resulted in a concentration dependent significant decrease of MT and ALP. This observation was due to a cytotoxic effect of A 23187, displayed by LDH leakage and an increase in the number of cells stained with trypan blue. In conclusion, in primary hepatocyte cultures agonists of the phosphoinositide did not have an effect on the metabolism of MT and ALP. Previous in vivo results indicating alterations of Zn metabolism in liver, therefore seem to be caused by indirect systemic responses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 121 (1993), S. 65-75 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Schlagwort(e): Bones ; Candida albicans ; Experimental arthritis ; Radiography ; Rats
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated intravenously (i.v.) withCandida albicans, and limb joints showing signs ofCandida-induced arthritis were subjected to radiographic and histologic examination. New bone formation and bone resorption were morbidly enhanced in bones sampled from the arthritic joints. Sparsely distributed needle-shaped calcified deposits began to be formed on bony surfaces in parallel with the onset of joint swelling. The calcified deposits gradually became denser and then covered the bony surfaces almost entirely, giving rise to an exostosis-like profile. In addition to the new bone formation, bone resorption was also observed in regions adjacent to the sites of new bone formation, and punched-out bone lesions were produced. Eventually, severe deformation of joint bones due to new bone formation and bone resorption was evident. Reflecting these unusual radiographic changes, abundant osteoblasts and osteoclasts were demonstrated histologically in the bones. On the basis of these results, possible mechanisms for the induction of arthritis byCandida infection are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 134 (1990), S. 79-92 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Seismology ; earthquake prediction ; self-similarity ; algorithm CN ; Central Italy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The Time of Increased Probability (TIP) for the occurrence of a strong earthquake is determined in Central Italy. This is done with an algorithm that has been successfully applied in other regions of the world (algorithm CN, from the initials of California and Nevada, where the first diagnoses of TIPs were made). The use of normalized functions allows direct application of the orginal algorithm to the new region being studied, without anyad hoc adjustment of the parameters. Retrospective analysis carried on until 1986 shows that TIPs occupy 26 percent of the total time considered and precede four out of five strong earthquakes. Forward monitoring indicates the possible existence of a TIP started in May 1988. Several tests indicate that the results obtained are quite stable, even when using catalogues from different agencies. Apart from obvious practical interest, this research is essential for the worldwide investigation of self-similarity in the origin of strong earthquakes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 135 (1991), S. 61-75 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Seismology ; seismic networks ; artificial intelligence ; expert systems ; automatic interpretation ; seismic event detection ; data compression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The focus-of-attention techniques implemented in SNA2, a knowledge-based system for seismogram interpretation, are presented. They consist of data compression of the input digital records, scanning of the compressed traces to detect candidate seismograms and extraction of seismogram features. A criterion is given to rate the clarity of seismograms; the clarity defines the order in which the system will consider them to build up the interpretation. The proposed techniques are simple and fast; they allow quick rejection of noise and focussing the attention of the system on the portions of traces containing relevant information.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 80-87 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): PGE2 ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; New bone trabeculae ; Positive balance ; Accelerated bone turnover
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Serum chemistry and bone morphometry of the proximal tibial metaphysis were performed in 3-month-old double fluorescent-labeled, female Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to bilateral ovariectomy or sham surgery for 4 months prior to treatment with 0, 0.3, 1, 3, or 6 mg of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)/kg/day subcutaneously for 30 days. The 4-month postovariectomized rats possessed an osteopenic proximal tibial metaphysis with 7% trabecular area compared with controls (19%). PGE2 treatment elevated osteocalcin levels and augmented proximal tibial metaphyseal bone area in ovariectomized and sham-operated rats. Osteopenic, ovariectomized rats treated with 6 mg PGE2/kg/day for 30 days restored bone area to levels of agematched sham-operated rats. Morphometric analyses showed increased woven and lamellar bone area, fluorescent-labeled perimeter (osteoblastic recruitment), mineral apposition rate (osteoblastic activity), bone formation rate (BFR/BV), and longitudinal bone growth. These dramatic bone changes were all significantly increased at the doseresponse manner. This study showed that in vivo PGE2 is a powerful activator of bone remodeling, it increases both bone resorption and bone formation, and produces an anabolic effect by shifting bone balance to the positive direction. Furthermore, PGE2-induced augmentation of metaphyseal bone area in ovariectomized rats was at least two times greater than in sham-operated rats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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