ALBERT

Note: Contents: Teil I:Der schwache Vater und die dominante Mutter ; 1 Die Schwächung väterlicher Autorität in historischer Perspektive ; 2 Die frühe Mutter-Kind-Problematik im Zusammenhangmit einer familiär veränderten Konfliktlage ; 3 Die Handlungssignatur des Unbewussten ; Teil II: Beispiele für Handlungssignaturen des Unbewussten ; 1 Mobbing ; 2 Die heutigen Probleme von »Führung« in sozialen Organisationen ; 3 Die Massenmedien als Spiegel gesellschaftlicher Veränderungen der familiären Konfliktkonstellation ; 4 Tiefenpsychologische Aspekte der öffentlichen Diskussion über den »Klimawandel« ; 5 Wie Vegetarier und Veganer politisch wirksam werden können, und welche psychischen Vorgänge dem möglicherweise im Wege stehen ; Teil III: Psychoanalyse im Verständnis moderner Wissenschaften ; 1 Psychoanalyse aus Sicht der Sozialwissenschaften ; 2 Zur Psychologie der narzisstischen Epidemie ; Vokabular der tiefenpsychologischen Handlungsanalyse

Note: Introduction and overview -- Climate policies in the United States -- Theories of climate policy -- The structural theory applied to the cases -- Causes of climate policies in the fifty states -- Air-pollution and energy policy making in California (the 1940s to the 1980s) -- Climate policy making in California (the 2000s to the present) -- Energy and climate policy making in New York State -- Energy and climate policy making by the federal government -- Conclusions : political opportunities for climate policy in the United States.

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Analytical Framework 3. Evolution of EU Climate and Energy Policies 4. Initiating the Package for 2020 5. Deciding the Package for 2020 6. Implementation in Germany 7. Implementation in Poland 8. Implementation in the Netherlands 9. Implementation in Norway 10. Comparative Analysis and Consequences for EU 2030 11. Conclusions and the Road Ahead. Index

Note: Contents: 1. Energy Governance — A Key Challenge in the Era of Globalization ; PART I FOUNDATIONS ; 2. Germany’s ‘Energiewende’: What Can Environmental Law Scholarship Learn From it? ; 3. Ten Good Practices in Environmental Constitutionalism that can Contribute to Sustainable Shale Gas Development ; 4. Human Rights versus Human Needs: Debating the Language for Universal Access to Modern Energy Services ; 5. Using Social Science Perspectives on Risk to Implement an Environmental Justice Analysis ; 6. Scaling Up Local Solutions: Creating an Enabling Legal Environment for the Deployment of Community-Based Renewable Microgrids ; 7. Innovative Financing for Renewable Energy ; PART II EXPERIENCES ; 8. Energy and Smart Cities — Perspectives from a City-State, Singapore ; 9. Judicial Perspectives on Renewable Energy and Climate Change Governance ; 10. A Reflection on Some Legal Aspects of Decision Control in the Energy Transition Process: A Comparison of France and Germany ; 11. Learning from Europe: Some Ideas for the Energy Improvement of the US Existing Building Stock ; 12. Sustainable Sewage PART III GOVERNANCE GAPS ; 13. Environmentally Displaced Persons in the Niger Delta: Challenges and Prospects ; 14. Agriculture, Energy and Development: An Uneasy Relationship ; Index

Note: Erscheint zusammen mit "Beiträge der DGMK/ÖGEW-Frühjahrstagung des Fachbereiches "Aufsuchung und Gewinnung" am 21. und 22. April 2016 in Celle" auf USB-Stick, enthält nur "Verzeichnis der Vorträge und Poster" der Tagung

Note: Contents: Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Urban systems; 2. Models and methods; 3. The spatial organization of cities; 4. Infrastructure networks; 5. Mobility patterns; 6. Multimodality in cities; 7. Socio-economical aspects; 8. Systems of cities; 9. Towards a new science of cities; References; Index

Note: Contents: Jahresrückblick auf die Arbeit des LFE im Jahr 2015 ; Publikationen des LFE im Jahr 2015 ; Der Fall Kiefernspinner im NSG „Lieberoser Endmoräne“: Waldschutz-Risikomanagement mit Hindernissen ; Kahlfraß der Naturverjüngung – wenig Chancen auf Erholung ; Dokumentation des Schadverlaufs – Einsatz von Satellitenbildern und Bügelschaber ; Folgen für den Betrieb – Bestandesentwicklung nach Kahlfraß mit und ohne forstlichen Eingriff ; Bläuepilze und Holzentwertung – Untersuchungen zum Schadverlauf im Kahlfraßgebiet ; Konsequenzen für den Wirtschafter – Sekundärschädlinge, Sanitärhiebe und waldbauliche Pläne ; Betriebswirtschaftliche Verluste – Schadensbewertung nach Kahlfraß ; „Tollkühne Männer in ihren fliegenden Kisten“ – Ein historischer Exkurs in die Anfänge der aviotechnischen Pflanzenschutzmittel-Applikation ; Moderne Fernerkundungsverfahren – Nutzen für Waldschutz und Waldbau in der Praxis ; Vielfalt kontra Kahlfraß? Zum Einfluss der Bestandesstruktur auf die Fraßintensität der Nonne (Lymantria monacha L.) in Brandenburg – Ergebnisse aus dem Waldklimafonds-Projekt „DSSRiskMan“ ; Rückkehr eines Provokateurs: Was steuert die Ausbreitungsdynamik des Eichenprozessionsspinners in Brandenburg? - Ergebnisse aus dem Waldklimafonds-Projekt „WAHYKLAS“ ; Ausgewählte Posterdarstellungen

Note: Contents: 1 Introduction 1.1 The idea of the Representative Agent and his or her lifetime ; 2 Basic Real Business Cycle Model (RBC) ; 3 Basic New-Keynesian model (NK) ; 4 New-Keynesian model with sticky wages ; 5 New-Keynesian model with habit formation and non-ricardian agents ; 6 The New-Keynesian model with investment adjustment costs and variable capital utilization ; 7 New-Keynesian model with government ; References ; Appendices ; A Mathematical tools ; B Basic ideas about DSGE

Note: Knowledge as a public good (2009)Open access, markets, and missions (2010) -- Open access overview (2004) -- Removing the barriers to research : an introduction to open access for librarians (2003) -- The taxpayer argument for open access (2003) -- It's the authors, stupid! (2004) -- Six things that researchers need to know about open access (2006) -- Trends favoring open access (2007) -- Gratis and libre open access (2008) -- The scaling argument (2004) -- Problems and opportunities (blizzards and beauty) (2007) -- Open access and the self-correction of knowledge (2008) -- Open access and the last-mile problem for knowledge (2008) -- The case for OAI in the age of Google (2004) -- Good facts, bad predictions (2006) -- No-fee open-access journals (2006) -- Balancing author and publisher rights (2007) -- Flipping journal to open access (2007) -- Society publishers with open access journals (2007) -- Ten challenges for open-access journals (2009) -- The final version of the NIH public-access policy (2005) -- Another OA mandate : the Federal Research Public Access Act of 2006 (2006) -- Twelve reminders about FRPAA (2007) -- An open access mandate for the NIH (2008) -- The open access mandate at Harvard (2008) -- A bill to overturn the NIH policy (2008) -- Open access policy options for funding agencies and universities (2009) -- Open access and quality (2006) -- Thinking about prestige, quality, and open access (2008) -- Not napster for science (2003) -- Two distractions (2004) -- Praising progress, preserving precision (2004) -- Who should control access to research literature? (2004) -- Four analogies to clean energy (2010) -- Promoting open access in the humanities (2005) -- Helping scholars and helping libraries (2005) -- Unbinding knowledge : a proposal for providing open access to past research articles, staring with the most important (2006) -- Open access to electronic theses and dissertations (2006) -- Open access for digitization projects (2009) -- Analogies and precendents for the FOS revolution (2002) -- Thoughts on the first and second-order scholarly judgments (2002) -- Saving the oodlehood and shebangity of the internet (2003) -- What's the ullage of your library? (2004) -- Can search tame the wild Web? : can open access help? (2005) -- Glossary..

Note: Contents: Section 3: Financial-Real Connections ; Chapter 17: "Wholesale Banking and Bank Runs in Macroeconomic Modelling of Financial Crises" ; Chapter 18: "Housing and Credit Markets: Bubbles and Crashes" ; Chapter 19: Macro, Money and Finance: A Continuous-Time Approach ; Chapter 20: Housing and Macroeconomics ; Chapter 21: Term Structure of Uncertainty in the Macroeconomy ; Chapter 22: Quantitative Models of Sovereign Debt Crises ; Section 4: Models of Economic Growth and Fluctuations ; Chapter 23: Families in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 24: Environmental Macroeconomics ; Chapter 25: The Staying Power of Staggered Wage and Price Setting Models in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 26: Neoclassical Models in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 27: Macroeconomics of Persistent Slumps ; Chapter 28: Macroeconomics and the Labor Market ; Section 5: Macroeconomic Policy ; Chapter 29: Challenges for Central Banks' Macro Models ; Chapter 30: Liquidity requirements, liquidity choice and financial stability ; Chapter 31: "Understanding Inflation as a Joint Monetary-Fiscal Phenomenon" ; Chapter 32: "Fiscal Multipliers: Liquidity Traps and Currency Unions" ; Chapter 33: What is a Sustainable Public Debt? ; Chapter 34: The Political Economy of Government Debt

Note: Contents: Section 1: The Facts of Economic Growth and Economic Fluctuation ; Chapter 1: RBC Methodology and the Development of Aggregate Economic Theory ; Chapter 2: The Facts of Economic Growth ; Chapter 3: Macroeconomic Shocks and Their Propagation ; Chapter 4: Macroeconomic Regimes and Regime Shifts ; Chapter 5: The Macroeconomics of Time Allocation ; Chapter 6: "Who Bears the Cost of Recessions? The Role of House Prices and Household Debt" ; Chapter 7: "Allocative and Remitted Wages: New Facts and Challenges for Keynesian Models" ; Chapter 8: Financial and Fiscal Crises ; Section 2: The Methodology of Macroeconomics ; Chapter 9: Factor Models and Structural Vector Autoregressions in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 10: Solution and Estimation Methods for DSGE Models ; Chapter 11: Recursive Contracts and Endogenously Incomplete Markets ; Chapter 12: Macroeconomics and Household Heterogeneity ; Chapter 13: Natural Experiments in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 14: Accounting for Business Cycles ; Chapter 15: "Incomplete Information in Macroeconomics: Accommodating Frictions in Coordination" ; Chapter 16: New Methods for Macro-Financial Model Comparison and Policy Analysis

Note: Contents: Chapter 1: Preparing the Work Environment -- Chapter 2: The Geocaching App -- Chapter 3: Combining Multiple Data Sources -- Chapter 4: Improving the App Search Capabilities -- Chapter 5: Making Maps

Note: TEIL I: Wo soll's hingehen? Berufswahl als Naturwissenschaftlerin Ein Spektrum an Karrieremöglichkeiten: Uni oder Industrie Sie haben es in der Hand: Entscheidungen beeinflussen den Karriereweg PhD und Postdoc: Die Krönung der Qualifikation oder überflüssiger Ballast? TEIL II: Bewerbung und Vorstellungsgespräch Stellenanzeige und Co: Wie kommen Sie zu Ihrer Traumposition? Dokumente verfassen: Beispiele und Erläuterungen mit Expertentipps Überzeugend im Interview Volle Konzentration: Das Assessment-Center Ein verführerisches Angebot? Gehalts- und Vertragsverhandlungen TEIL III: Im Berufsleben Tipps für den erfolgreichen Start Wo ist mein Platz? Von Konferenzen und Dinnerparties Die Spiele sind eröffnet! Herausforderungen im Job Führungseigenschaften: In den Schoß gefallen oder erlernt? Wenn die Hormone verrückt spielen: Herausforderungen an besonderen Tagen Kennen Sie Ihr Ziel? Chancen nutzen und neue Türen öffnen Alles hat ein Ende nur die Wurst hat zwei? TEIL IV: Sackgasse Mutter? Chancen und Herausforderungen unserer Zeit Die (politische) Lage Gibt es einen perfekten Moment, um Kinder zu bekommen? Über Unfruchtbarkeit im familienfreundlichen Langweiler-Job Wie sage ich's dem Chef? Schwangerschaft, Kinder und Karrierewunsch Frauen, Mütter, Arbeitgeber: Von schiefen Blicken und Vorurteilen Organisation von Arbeit und Familie (Erfolgs-) Geschichten

Note: Contents: i The Problem wirh Homo economicus ; ii A Constitution for Knaves ; Moral Sentiments and Material Interests ; iv Incentives as Information ; v A Liberal Civic Culture ; vi The Legislators Dilemma ; vii A Mandate for Aristotle's Legislator

Note: Enthält 5 Publikationen: 1) Mid Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska / Josefine Lenz, Guido Grosse, Benjamin M. Jones [und 5 weitere] 2) Evidence of multiple thermokarst lake generations from an 11,800-year old permafrost core on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska / Josefine Lenz, Sebastian Wetterich, Benjamin M. Jones [und 3 weitere] 3) Impacts of shore expansion and catchment characteristics on lacustrine thermokarst records in permafrost lowlands, Alaska Arctic Coastal Plain / Josefine Lenz, Sebastian Wetterich, Benjamin M. Jones [und 5 weitere] 4) Periglacial landscape dynamics in the western Canadian Arctic: Results from a thermokarst lake record on a push moraine (Herschel Island, Yukon) / Josefine Lenz, Michael Fritz, Lutz Schirrmeister [und 4 weitere] 5) Regional environmental change versus local signal preservation in Holocene thermokarst lake sediments: A case study from Herschel Island, Yukon (Canada) / Michael Fritz, Ingmar Unkel, Josefine Lenz [und 6 weitere] , Table of contents Abstract Zusammenfassung Abbreviations and nomenclature 1 Thesis organization 1.1 Overview of chapters 1.2 Author contribution 2 Introduction 2.1 Scientific background 2.1.1 Arctic environments and permafrost in the study region of Beringia 2.1.2 Permafrost degradation and its global feedbacks 2.1.3 Thermokarst lakes and basins as paleoenvironmental archives 2.2 Aims and approaches 3 Mid Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Study area 3.4 Material and methods 3.5 Results 3.5.1 Core stratigraphy 3.5.2 Cryostratigraphy 3.5.3 Grain size distribution 3.5.4 Magnetic susceptibility 3.5.5 Biogeochemical characteristics 3.5.6 Tephra 3.5.7 Palaeoecology 3.5.8 Geochronology 3.6 Discussion 3.7 Conclusions 4 Evidence of multiple thermokarst lake generations from an 11,800-year old permafrost core on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Study area 4.4 Material and methods 4.5 Results 4.5.1 Geochronology 4.5.2 Cryolithological description 4.5.3 Geochemical results 4.5.4 Bioindicators 4.5.5 Characteristics of intra-sedimentary ice and comparison with modern waters 4.6 Discussion 4.6.1 Thermokarst lake dynamics 4.6.2 Regional lake dynamics and global environmental change 4.6.3 Carbon cycling 4.7 Conclusions 5 Impacts of shore expansion and catchment characteristics on lacustrine thermokarst records in permafrost lowlands, Alaska Arctic Coastal Plain 5.1 Abstract 5.2 Introduction 5.3 Study area 5.4 Material and methods 5.5 Results 5.5.1 Sedimentological results of near-shore core P1 5.5.2 Sedimentological and palynological results of lake center-cores P2 (and P3) 5.5.3 Lake age estimation 5.6 Discussion 5.6.1 Thermokarst lake development 5.6.2 Impact of catchment genesis and morphology on the lake sediment record 5.6.3 Carbon degradation 5.7 Conclusions 6 Synthesis 6.1 Study sites in central-eastern Beringia: Similarities and differences 6.2 Permafrost degradation and thermokarst development in central-eastern Beringia 6.2.1 Timing of thermokarst development 6.2.2 Environmental factors supporting and inhibiting thermokarst 6.3 Processes of thermokarst lake development and their imprint in proxy records 6.4 Contribution of thermokarst dynamics to the carbon cycle 6.5 Potentials/limitations of thermokarst lake archives and outlook Bibliography Appendix I: Periglacial landscape dynamics in the western Canadian Arctic: Results from a thermokarst lake record on a push moraine (Herschel Island, Yukon) I-1 Abstract I-2 Introduction I-3 Study area I-4 Material and methods I-5 Results I-5.1 Core lithology I-5.2 Radiography I-5.3 Magnetic susceptibility and water content I-5.4 Grain size distribution I-5.5 Biogeochemical characteristics I-5.6 Geochronology I-6 Discussion I-6.1 Evolution of Lake Herschel I-6.2 Paleoenvironmental implications of the Lake Herschel record I-7 Conclusions Appendix II: Regional environmental change versus local signal preservation in Holocene thermokarst lake sediments: A case study from Herschel Island, Yukon (Canada) II-1 Abstract II-2 Introduction and study area II-3 Material and methods II-3.1 Sediment core II-3.2 Radiocarbon dating and age modelling II-3.3 Pore-water chemistry II-3.4 X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning II-3.5 Micropaleontology II-4 Results II-4.1 Chronostratigraphy: The revised age model II-4.2 XRF chemistry II-4.3 Pore-water chemistry II-4.4 Calcareous microfossils II-4.5 Pollen II-5 Discussion II-5.1 Sedimentation history of Lake Herschel II-5.2 Limnological, sedimentary and geochemical properties predefine the habitat I-5.3 Autochthonous versus allochthonous deposition of calcareous microfossils II-5.4 Regional pollen-based reconstruction of vegetation and climate II-6 Conclusions Acknowledgements

Note: Contents: Foreword ; Section 1: Critical men’s studies and disaster ; 1.The Gendered Terrain of Disaster: Thinking About Men and Masculinities ; 2. Masculinism, Climate Change and ‘Man-Made’ Disasters: Towards an Environmental Profeminist Response ; 3. Men and Masculinities in the Social Movement for a Just Reconstruction After Hurricane Katrina ; 4. Hyper-Masculinity and Disaster: The Reconstruction of Hegemonic Masculinity in the Wake of Calamity ; 5. Re-Reading Gender and Patriarchy Through a ‘Lens of Masculinity:’ The ‘Known’ Story and New Narratives From Post-Mitch Nicaragua ; Section 2: The high cost of disaster for men: Coping with loss and change ; 6. Men, Masculinities and Wildfire: Embodied Resistance and Rupture ; 7. Emotional and Personal Costs for Men of the Black Saturday Bushfires in Victoria, Australia ; 8. The Tsunami's Wake: Mourning and Masculinity in Eastern Sri Lanka ; 9. Japanese Families Decoupling Following the Fukushima Nuclear Plant Disaster: Men’s Choice between Economic Stability and Radiation Exposure ; Section 3: Diversity of impact and response among men in the aftermath of disaster ; 10. Disabled Masculinities and Disasters ; 11. Masculinity, Sexuality and Disaster: Unpacking Gendered LGBT Experiences in the 2011 Brisbane Floods, Queensland, Australia ; 12. Indigenous Masculinities in a Changing Climate: Vulnerability and Resilience In the United States ; 13. Youth Creating Disaster Recovery and Resilience in Canada and the United States: Dimensions of the Male Youth Experience ; Section 4: Transforming masculinity in disaster management ; 14. Firefighters, Technology and Masculinity in the Micro-management of Disasters: Swedish Examples ; 15. Resisting and Accommodating the Masculinist Gender Regimein Firefighting: An Insider View from the United Kingdom ; 16. Using a Gendered Lens to Reduce Disaster and Climate Risk in Southern Africa: The Potential Leadership of Men’s Organizations ; 17. Training Pacific Male Managers for Gender Equality in Disaster Response and Management ; 18. Integrating Men and Masculinities in Caribbean Disaster Risk Management ; 19. Men, Masculinities and Disaster: An Action Research Agenda ; 20. Afterword

Note: Contents: Overview ; 1 From Climate Change to Poverty and Back: A Framework ; 2 Bad Seed: Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security ; 3 Threat Multiplier: Climate Change, Disasters, and Poor People ; 4 Under the Weather: Climate Change, Health, and the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty ; 5 Lend a Hand: Poor People, Support Systems, Safety Nets, andInclusion ; 6 A Window of Opportunity: Climate-Informed Development and Pro-Poor Climate Policies

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction and examples ; 2. Mechanism design basics ; 3. Myerson's Lemma ; 4. Algorithmic mechanism design 34 ; 5. Revenue-maximizing auctions ; 6. Simple near-optimal auctions ; 7. Multi-parameter mechanism design ; 8. Spectrum auctions ; 9. Mechanism design with payment constraints ; 10. Kidney exchange and stable matching ; 11. Selfish routing and the price of anarchy ; 12. Network over-provisioning and atomic selfish routing ; 13. Equilibria: definitions, examples, and existence ; 14. Robust price-of-anarchy bounds in smooth games ; 15. Best-case and strong Nash equilibria ; 16. Best-response dynamics ; 17. No-regret dynamics ; 18. Swap regret and the Minimax theorem ; 19. Pure Nash equilibria and PLS-completeness ; 20. Mixed Nash equilibria and PPAD-completeness.

Note: (Re)discovering the continentTheoretical framework -- The coil sample -- Duration provisions -- Escape clauses and withdrawal clauses -- (Im)precision and reservations -- Dispute resolution provisions -- Punishment provisions -- Monitoring provisions -- Asymmetric design rules, voting, and power -- Conclusion..

Note: Contents: PART I: BASICS ; 1. Population Dynamics ; 2. Simple Frequency Dependence ; 3. Dynamics in n-dimensional Games ; 4. Equilibrium ; 5. Social games ; 6. Cellular Automaton Games ; PART II: APPLICATIONS ; 7. Rock-Paper-Scissors Everywhere ; 8. Learning in Games ; 9. Contingent Life Cycle Strategies ; 10. The Blessing and the Curse of the Multiplicative Updates (Contributed by Manfred K. Warmuth) ; 11. Traffic Games (contributed by John Musacchio) ; 12. International Trade and the Environment (contributed by Matthew McGinty) ; 13. Evolution of Cooperation ; 14. Speciation ; Glossaries

Note: Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Porous Material 1.2 Physical Mechanism 1.2.1 Drained and Undrained Responses 1.2.2 Time and Length Scale 1.2.3 Skempton Pore Pressure Effect 1.2.4 Effective Stress for Volumetric Deformation 1.2.5 Effective Stress for Pore Collapse 1.2.6 Fluid Storage 1.2.7 Thermoelasticity Analogy 1.2.8 Coupled Versus Uncoupled Diffusion 1.3 Poroelastic Phenomena 1.3.1 Borehole Failure 1.3.2 Mandel-Cryer Effect 1.3.3 Noordbergum Effect 1.3.4 Land Subsidence 1.3.5 Slope Stability and Fault Slippage 1.3.6 Fluid Induced Seismicity 1.3.7 Outburst of Coal 1.3.8 Hydraulic Fracturing 1.3.9 Water Wave and Seabed Interaction 1.3.10 Tidal and Barometric Efficiency 1.3.11 Biomechanics 1.3.12 Poroviscoelasticity and Anelastic Strain Recovery 1.3.13 Porothermoelasticity and Thermal Fracturing 1.3.14 Poroelastodynamics and Seismoelectric Effect 1.3.15 Swelling of Clay and Shale 1.3.16 Nanoporous Material References 2 Constitutive Equation 2.1 Physical Versus Phenomenological Approach 2.2 Stress and Strain of Porous Medium 2.2.1 Stress 2.2.2 Strain 2.3 Poroelastic Constitutive Equation 2.3.1 Isotropic Elastic Material 2.3.2 Isotropic Poroelastic Material 2.3.3 Reciprocal Work Theorem 2.3.4 Stress-Strain Relation 2.3.5 Strain-Stress Relation 2.4 Bulk Material Constant 2.4.1 Drained and Undrained Constant 2.4.2 Effective Stress Coefficient 2.4.3 Pore Pressure Coefficient 2.4.4 Storage Coefficient References 3 Micromechanics 3.1 Micromechanical Analysis 3.1.1 Solid and Pore Volumetric Strain 3.1.2 Fluid Volumetric Strain 3.1.3 Link Among Material Constants 3.2 Ideal Porous Medium 3.3 Effective Modulus 3.3.1 Mackenzie Model 3.3.2 Walsh Model 3.3.3 Budiansky and O’Connell Model 3.3.4 Bounds on Material Constants 3.4 Nonlinear Model 3.4.1 Effective Stress Dependent Pore Compressibility 3.4.2 Compaction Induced Permeability Change 3.5 Laboratory Test 3.5.1 Drained Test 3.5.2 Undrained Test 3.5.3 Unjacketed Test 3.6 Table of Poroelastic Constants References 4 Variational Energy Formulation 4.1 Internal and External Stress and Strain 4.1.1 Porosity 4.1.2 Volume and Surface Averaging of Elastic Material 4.1.3 Volume and Surface Averaging of Porous Material 4.1.4 Linkage Between Internal and External Strains 4.2 Thermodynamic Principles 4.3 Variational Formulation 4.3.1 Virtual Work 4.3.2 Internal Energy 4.3.3 Porosity Equilibrium 4.4 Constitutive Equation 4.4.1 Linear Material Model 4.4.2 Linear Model 4.5 Intrinsic Material Constant 4.5.1 Effective Solid Bulk Modulus 4.5.2 Fundamental Deformation Mode 4.5.3 Microisotropy and Microhomogeneity: Ideal Porous Medium 4.6 Link with Phenomenological Model 4.6.1 Link with Bulk Continuum Model 4.6.2 Link with Micromechanics Model 4.7 Deviation from Ideal Porous Medium 4.8 Limiting Material Properties 4.8.1 Ideal Porous Medium 4.8.2 Granular Material 4.8.3 Soil Mechanics Model: Saturated 4.8.4 Soil Mechanics Model: Nearly Saturated 4.8.5 Highly Compressible Solid 4.8.6 Highly Compressible Fluid 4.9 Material Stability and Energy Diagram 4.10 Semilinear Model 4.10.1 Geometric Nonlinearity 4.10.2 Structural Nonlinearity 4.11 Laboratory Measurement of Intrinsic Constant References 5 Anisotropy 5.1 Anisotropic Constitutive Equation 5.1.1 Elasticity 5.1.2 Poroelastic Stress-Strain Relation 5.1.3 Poroelastic Strain-Stress Relation 5.2 Material Symmetry 5.2.1 Orthotropy 5.2.2 Transverse Isotropy 5.2.3 Isotropy 5.3 Micromechanics 5.4 Ideal Porous Medium 5.5 Example References 6 Governing Equation 6.1 Darcy’s Law 6.1.1 Darcy’s Empirical Law 6.1.2 Homogenization Theory 6.1.3 Intrinsic Permeability and Mobility Coefficient 6.1.4 Irreversible Thermodynamics Process 6.2 Other Physical Laws 6.2.1 Mass Conservation 6.2.2 Force Equilibrium 6.3 Governing Equation 6.3.1 Navier-Cauchy Equation 6.3.2 Diffusion Equation 6.3.3 Compatibility Equation 6.3.4 Harmonic Relation 6.3.5 Orthotropy 6.3.6 Transverse Isotropy 6.4 Degenerated Governing Equation 6.4.1 Drained and Undrained State 6.4.2 Soil Mechanics Model 6.4.3 Irrotational Displacement Field 6.4.4 Uncoupling of Diffusion Equation 6.5 Boundary Value Problem 6.5.1 Existence and Uniqueness 6.5.2 Boundary Condition 6.6 Field Equation 6.6.1 Biot Function 6.6.2 Biot Decomposition 6.6.3 McNamee-Gibson Displacement Function References 7 Analytical Solution 7.1 Review of Early Work 7.2 Uniaxial Strain 7.2.1 Isotropy 7.2.2 Transverse Isotropy 7.3 One-Dimensional Consolidation Problem 7.3.1 Terzaghi’s Consolidation Problem 7.3.2 Loading by Fluid Pressure 7.3.3 Variable Rete Loading 7.3.4 Harmonic Excitation 7.4 Plane Strain 7.4.1 Orthotropy 7.4.2 Isotropy 7.4.3 Volumetric Strain and Rotation Formulation 7.5 Generalized Plane Strain 7.5.1 Definition of Generalized Plane Strain 7.5.2 Pure Shear 7.5.3 Warping 7.5.4 Torsion 7.5.5 Plane Strain 7.5.6 Axial Strain 7.5.7 Pure Bending 7.6 Pure Bending of Plate 7.6.1 Bending of Cantilever Plate 7.6.2 Buckling of Axially Loaded Plate 7.7 Mandel Problem 7.8 Water Wave Over Seabed 7.9 Spherical Symmetry 7.10 Cryer Problem 7.11 Spherical Cavity 7.11.1 Pressurized Cavity 7.11.2 Excavated Cavity 7.11.3 Pore Pressure Meter Problem 7.12 Axial Symmetry 7.13 Cylinder Problem 7.13.1 Solid Cylinder 7.13.2 Hollow Cylinder 7.14 Borehole Problem 7.14.1 Plane Strain Borehole Problem 7.14.2 Inclined Borehole Problem 7.15 Borehole and Cylinder Application Problems 7.15.1 Retrieval of Cylindrical Core 7.15.2 Excavated Borehole 7.15.3 Fluid Extraction and Injection 7.15.4 Borehole Breakdown Pressure 7.15.5 Borehole Stability Analysis 7.16 Moving Load on Half Plane 7.17 Plane Strain Half Space and Layered Problem 7.17.1 General Solution for Layered Problem 7.17.2 Plane Strain Half Space Problem 7.18 Axial Symmetry Half Space Problem References 8 Fundamental Solution and Integral Equation 8.1 Reciprocal Theorem 8.1.1 Green’s Second Identity 8.1.2 Betti-Maxwell Reciprocal Theorem 8.1.3 Reciprocal Theorem of Poroelasticity 8.2 Somigliana Integral Equation 8.2.1 Green’s Third Identity 8.2.2 Elasticity 8.2.3 Poroelasticity 8.3 Fredholm Integral Equation 8.3.1 Potential Problem 8.3.2 Elasticity 8.3.3 Poroelasticity 8.4 Stress Discontinuity Method 8.5 Displacement Discontinuity Method 8.6 Dislocation Method 8.7 Galerkin Integral Equation 8.8 Fundamental Solution 8.8.1 Elementary Fundamental Solution 8.8.2 Elasticity Fundamental Solution 8.9 Poroelasticity Fundamental Solution 8.10 Fluid Source 8.10.1 Continuous Source 8.10.2 Instantaneous Source 8.11 Fluid Dipole 8.11.1 Continuous Dipole 8.11.2 Instantaneous Dipole 8.12 Fluid Dilatation 8.12.1 Continuous Fluid Dilatation 8.12.2 Instantaneous Fluid Dilatation 8.13 Fluid Force 8.13.1 Continuous Fluid Force 8.13.2 Instantaneous Fluid Force 8.14 Fluid Dodecapole 8.15 Total Force 8.15.1 Continuous Total Force 8.15.2 Instantaneous Total Force 8.16 Solid Quadrupole and Hexapole 8.17 Solid Center of Dilatation 8.18 Displacement Discontinuity 8.19 Edge Dislocation 8.20 Fundamental Solution Relation Based on Reciprocity References 9 Poroelastodynamics 9.1 Dynamic Equilibrium Equation 9.2 Dynamic Permeability 9.3 Governing Equation 9.4 Wave Propagation 9.4.1 Elastic Wave 9.4.2 Poroelastic Wave 9.5 Phase Velocity and Attenuation 9.5.1 Phase Velocity 9.5.2 Attenuation 9.5.3 Extended Biot Models 9.6 One-Dimensional Wave Problem 9.6.1 Half Space 9.6.2 Finite Thickness Layer 9.7 Thermoelasticity Analogy 9.8 Poroelastodynamics Fundamental Solution 9.8.1 Elastodynamics Fundamental Solution 9.8.2 Helmholtz Decomposition 9.8.3 Three-Dimensional Point Force Solution 9.8.4 Three-Dimensional Fluid Source Solution 9.8.5 Two-Dimensional Fundamental Solution 9.9 Integral Equation Representation 9.10 Plane Wave Reflection and Refraction 9.10.1 Plane Strain Wave Solution 9.10.2 Reflection on Free Surface—Non-Dissipative Medium 9.10.3 Reflection on Free Surface—Dissipative Medium 9.10.4 Impermeable Surface 9.10.5 Fluid and Porous Medium Interface References 10 Poroviscoelasticity 10.1 Viscoelasticity 10.1.1 Spring and Dashpot Model 10.1.2 Correspondence Principle

Note: Contents Preface Acknowledgments Part I History, Approaches and Concepts What Is Ethnobiology? / Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and Angelo Giuseppe Chaves Alves History of Ethnobiology / André Sobral and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Ethnobiology or Ethnoecology? / Angelo Giuseppe Chaves Alves and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Historical Ethnobiology / Maria Franco Trindade Medeiros Paleoethnobiology / Steve Wolverton, Andrew Barker, and Jonathon Dombrosky Urban Ethnobiology / Ana Haydeé Ladio and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Diaspora Ethnobiology / Robert A. Voeks Ethnophycology / Patricia Marta Arenas Gastronomic Ethnobiology / Andrea Pieroni, Lukas Pawera, and Ghulam Mujtaba Shah Ethnoprimatology / Marilian Boachá Sampaio, Antonio Souto, and Nicola Schiel An Ethnobiology of Change / Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares and Victoria Reyes-García Political Ecology and Ethnobiology / Steve Wolverton, Justin M. Nolan, and Matthew Fry Ethnobiology, Ethics, and Traditional Knowledge Protection / Gustavo Taboada Soldati and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Part II Biota Perception and Classification What Is Environmental Perception? / Taline Cristina da Silva, Leonardo da Silva Chaves, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Biota Perception and Use / Taline Cristina da Silva, Letícia Zenóbia de Oliveira Campos, Josivan Soares da Silva, Rosemary da Silva Sousa, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Biological and Evolutionary Bases of Human Perception of the Natural Environment / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Taline Cristina da Silva, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Risk Perception / Taline Cristina da Silva, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Flávia Rosa Santoro, Thiago Antônio de Sousa Araújo, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque How and Why Should People Classify Natural Resources? / Andrêsa Suana Argemiro Alves, Lucilene Lima dos Santos, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Alternative Views of Folk Classification / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Paulo Henrique Santos Gonçalves, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Part III Biota Use Fungi / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Paulo Henrique Santos Gonçalves, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Food Plants / Viviany Teixeira do Nascimento, Letícia Zenóbia de Oliveira Campos, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Medicinal Plants / Thiago Antônio de Sousa Araújo, Joabe Gomes de Melo, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Fortifier, Tonic, and Rejuvenating Plants and the Adaptogen Concept / Danilo Ribeiro de Oliveira and Suzana Guimarães Leitão Magic Plants / Rainer W. Bussmann Ornamental Plants / Julio Alberto Hurrell Timber Resources / Marcelo Alves Ramos, Maria Clara Bezerra Tenório Cavalcanti, and Fábio José Vieira Animal Resources / Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves Part IV Biota Management and Domestication Plant and Landscape Local Management / Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and José Ribamar Sousa Júnior Indigenous Use of Tropical Biodiversity and Ecosystem Domestication / Maximilien Guèze Extractivism of Plant Resources / Juliana Loureiro de Almeida Campos, Ivanilda Soares Feitosa, Julio Marcelino Monteiro, Gilney Charll dos Santos, Cristina Baldauf, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Plant Domestication / Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins Neto, José Ribamar Sousa Júnior, Alejandro Casas, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Domestication of Animals / Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves Ethnobiology and Biodiversity Conservation / Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and Daniel Carvalho Pires de Sousa Part V Factors Affecting Local Biological Knowledge Local or Traditional Knowledge Transmission and Natural Resource Use / Gustavo Taboada Soldati Gender and Age / Wendy Marisol Torres-Avilez, André Luiz Borba do Nascimento, Leticia Zenobia de Oliveira Campos, Flávia dos Santos Silva, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Ethnicity, Income, and Education / Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros, Juliana Loureiro de Almeida Campos, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Urbanization, Modernization, and Nature Knowledge / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Flávia Rosa Santoro, Ina Vandebroek, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque How Does Social Status Relate to Traditional Ecological Knowledge? / Victoria Reyes-García and Sandrine Gallois Plant Knowledge and Use in the Context of Migration / Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros, Diego Batista de Oliveira Abreu, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Cultural Comparisons in Ethnobiological Research / Ina Vandebroek Dictionary of Ethnobiology and Related Areas Index

Note: Contents 1 Marine Ecosystem: An Overview 1.1 Benthic Compartment 1.1.1 Supralittoral Zone 1.1.2 Eulittoral Zone 1.1.3 Sublittoral Zone 1.1.4 Continental Shelf 1.1.5 Continental Slope 1.1.6 Bathyal Zone 1.1.7 Abyssal Plains 1.1.8 Hadal Zone 1.2 Aquatic Compartment 1.2.1 Classification on the Basis of Light Penetration 1.2.2 How to Estimate the Age of Ocean Water? 1.2.3 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Consumption Method 1.2.4 Decay Rate of 14C Method 1.2.5 90Sr Content Method 1.2.6 Hydrogen Isotope Method Brain Churners Annexure References 2 Estuarine Ecosystem: An Overview 2.1 Definition and Ecosystem Services 2.1.1 Ecosystem Services 2.2 Classification Brain Churners Annexure References 3 Physical Processes in the Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 3.1 Waves and Tides 3.1.1 Tides 3.1.2 Theories Related to Tides 3.1.3 Tidal Bore and Tide in Rivers 3.2 Currents 3.2.1 Upwelling and Downwelling: Causes and Significance 3.2.2 Factors Regulating the Pattern and Distribution of Currents 3.2.3 What Happens Practically? 3.2.4 El Niño Brain Churners Annexure References 4 Abiotic Variables of the Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 4.1 Chemical Components 4.1.1 Spatio-temporal Variations of Salinity 4.1.2 Deep-Water Salinity 4.1.3 Conservative and Non-conservative Ions 4.1.4 Dissolved Gases in Seawater 4.1.5 Nutrients 4.2 Sediment Compartment 4.2.1 Transportation of Marine Sediments 4.2.2 Classification of Marine Sediments 4.2.3 Ooze: Definition and Type 4.2.4 Sediment Deposition: A Boon or a Curse? Brain Churners Annexure References 5 Producers of the Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 5.1 Phytoplankton Community 5.1.1 Diatoms 5.1.2 Dinoflagellates 5.1.3 Coccolithophores 5.1.4 Blue-Green Algae 5.1.5 Green Algae 5.1.6 Classification of Phytoplankton 5.2 Macrophytes 5.2.1 Seaweed Community 5.2.2 Mangroves 5.2.3 Seagrass and Salt Marsh Grass Brain Churners Annexure References 6 Consumers of the Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 6.1 Zooplankton Community 6.1.1 Zooplankton: Do They Maintain Uniformity in Their Life Timeline? 6.2 Vertebrate Community 6.2.1 Fishes 6.2.2 Reptiles 6.2.3 Sea Birds 6.2.4 Marine Mammals Brain Churners Annexure References 7 Decomposers of the Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 7.1 Overview of Marine and Estuarine Microbes 7.1.1 Marine Organisms as Habitats of Microorganisms 7.1.2 Identification of Marine and Estuarine Microorganisms: A Molecular Genetic Approach 7.2 Importance of Marine and Estuarine Microbes 7.2.1 Production of Antibiotics 7.2.2 Production of Antitumour Compounds 7.2.3 Production of Enzyme 7.2.4 Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon 7.2.5 Degradation of Mangrove Litter 7.2.6 Drugs from Marine Microbes Brain Churners Annexure References 8 Adaptation of Marine and Estuarine Organisms 8.1 Adaptation of Organisms in the Intertidal Zone 8.1.1 Adaptation of Biota Inhabiting Rocky Shore 8.1.2 Adaptation of Biota Inhabiting Soft Substratum 8.2 Adaptation of Organisms Inhabiting Deep Sea 8.2.1 Morphological Adaptations 8.2.2 Biochemical Adaptations 8.2.3 Vent Communities of the Deep Sea 8.2.4 Properties of Vent Community Brain Churners Annexure References 9 Hot Spots of Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 9.1 Mangroves 9.2 Coral Reefs 9.2.1 Types of Coral Reefs 9.2.2 Coral Reef Characteristics 9.2.3 Reef Productivity Brain Churners Annexure References 10 Threats to Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 10.1 Natural Threats 10.1.1 Alteration of the Earth’s Orbit 10.1.2 Natural Oscillation of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide 10.1.3 Volcanic Activities 10.1.4 Variations in Solar Output 10.1.5 Plate Tectonics 10.1.6 Natural Disasters and Extreme Weather Events 10.2 Anthropogenic Threats 10.2.1 Pollution 10.2.2 Aquaculture 10.2.3 Unplanned Tourism 10.2.4 Introduction of Alien Species 10.2.5 Development of Coastal Structures 10.2.6 Negative Fishing Brain Churners Annexure References 11 Conservation of Marine and Estuarine Resources 11.1 Conservation or Preservation? 11.2 Tiers for Conservation 11.2.1 Habitat Diversity 11.2.2 Community and Ecosystem Diversity 11.2.3 Functional Diversity 11.2.4 Population Diversity 11.2.5 Phyletic Diversity 11.2.6 Species Diversity 11.2.7 Genetic Diversity Brain Churners Annexure References 12 Instruments and Methods 12.1 Instruments 12.1.1 Instruments Used for Physical Oceanographic Study 12.1.2 Instruments Used for Geological Oceanographic Study 12.1.3 Instruments Used for Chemical Oceanographic Study 12.1.4 Instruments Used for Biological Oceanographic Study 12.2 Application of Satellites in Marine and Estuarine Researches Brain Churners Annexure References Erratum

Note: Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache

Note: In kyrill. Schr.