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  • Articles  (14,790)
  • 1985-1989  (14,790)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1987  (14,790)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (14,790)
Collection
  • Articles  (14,790)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1985-1989  (14,790)
  • 1950-1954
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of Tornadic Thunderstorms (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 369-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002101
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic Fluids (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 437-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002253
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent Developments in Rapid-Distortion Theory (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 531-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002531
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rarefaction Waves in Liquid and Gas-Liquid Media (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 577-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.003045
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ludwig Prandtl and His Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 1-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.000245
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Upstream Blocking and Airflow Over Mountains (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 75-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.000451
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulent Secondary Flows (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 53-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.000413
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Description of Eddying Motions and Flow Patterns Using Critical-Point Concepts (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 125-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001013
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic Flows Through Contractions (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 157-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscous Fingering in Porous Media (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 271-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001415
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermocapillary Instabilities (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 403-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002155
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolated Eddy Models in Geophysics (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 493-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002425
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confined Vortices in Flow Machinery (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 27-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.000331
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cavitation Bubbles Near Boundaries (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 99-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.000531
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tsunamis (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 217-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001245
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory of Solute Transport by Groundwater (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 183-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001151
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulent Premixed Flames (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 237-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001321
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computation of Flows with Shocks (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 313-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.001525
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral Methods in Fluid Dynamics (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 339-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002011
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Von Karman Swirling Flows (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 19 (1987), S. 465-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.19.010187.002341
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Early History of the Materials Research Laboratories (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000245
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy-Electron Metals (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 13-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000305
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Strength Concrete (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 35-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000343
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain Boundaries in Polycrystalline Ceramics (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 57-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000421
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of High-Quality InP Single Crystals (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 75-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000451
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crucible-Free Methods of Growing Oxide Crystals from the Melt (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 101-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000533
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Microscopy of Bulk-Grown III-V Semiconductor Materials (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 123-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001011
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport in Chemical Potential Gradients of Multicomponent Oxides (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 149-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001053
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Diamond Under Metastable Conditions (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 161-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001113
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic Thin Films for Semiconductor Wafer Diagnostics (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 189-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001201
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interdiffusion in Amorphous Multilayered Materials (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 219-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001251
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer Materials for Microlithography (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 235-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001315
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Science and Engineering of Large- Diameter Czochralski Silicon Crystal Growth (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 273-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001421
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal Oxide Varistors (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 299-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001503
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
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    Ceramic Substrates for Microelectronic Packaging (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 323-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.001543
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  • 36
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    Electronic Resource
    Strength and Toughness of Ceramic Matrix Composites (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 17 (1987), S. 341-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.002013
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00491.x
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  • 38
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00492.x
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  • 39
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    MODEL-BASED STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN Ti 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The framework of a new probabilistic model of short fatigue crack growth was laid down in the preceding paper. In this paper, the model is used to analyze growth rate statistics for surface fatigue cracks in Ti 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo. Specific models are proposed for the evolution of the stochastic growth control variable, which appears subsequently as an independent variable in a parametric law for the growth rate. Comparison with data shows that for cracks of length 10–250 μm in Ti 6–2-4–6, fluctuations in the instantaneous rate of propagation of each surface crack tip depend only on the visible surface microstructure in the tip's immediate neighborhood. They are not influenced by the microstructural environment of the subsurface crack front. Furthermore, they probably depend only on the sizes of at most the three grains nearest the crack tip, i.e. those within about 30 μm of it.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00494.x
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  • 40
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    FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION AND CRACK CLOSURE BEHAVIOR IN POLYCARBONATE AND FIBRE REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack propagation was investigated in polycarbonate and glass fibre reinforced polycarbonate and the effect of stress ratio and glass fibre content determined. The addition of glass fibre increases the tensile strength, but does not always contribute to an increase in fatigue crack propagation resistance. For polycarbonate the effect of stress ratio can be partly explained by using crack closure concepts as other researchers have suggested, but for glass fibre reinforced polycarbonate this was not possible. Fractography revealed a void growth process, which occurred by decohesion at the interface of the glass fibres and the base material, which was dependent on the maximum stress intensity factor. The process of linking the voids and the main crack growth behavior depended on the stress intensity factor range, ΔK. A proposed crack propagation model can explain the effect of stress ratio on crack propagation in fibre reinforced polycarbonate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00496.x
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    Jc DETERMINATION FOR SHALLOW NOTCH WELDED BEND SPECIMENS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Methods are presented for the determination of J from 3 point bend specimens having 0.1 ≤a/W≤ 0.5 using the load versus crack mouth opening displacement trace. It is intended that the procedure be used to determine Jc, J at unstable fracture in the brittle to ductile transition, from specimens and test procedures which conform to the CTOD test standard BS5762. Elastic-plastic finite element computations are used to demonstrate the adequacy of the proposed estimation procedures for J and to show that it is still possible to apply them to specimens containing welded joints. The problems of defining a centre of rotation for plastic deformation in shallow notched bend specimens are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00498.x
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    THE EFFECT OF FREQUENCY IN ENVIRONMENTAL FATIGUE TESTS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The complex dependence of environmental fatigue crack growth rate on loading variables, has been studied for a pressure vessel steel in a pure water environment. Attention has been focused on the frequency effect, which has been interpreted by using a superposition model. With this approach, the maximum expected crack growth rate can be quantitatively estimated as a function of frequency; critical ΔK values for the onset of stress corrosion fatigue can be calculated as a function of crack tip strain rate, which depends on applied load, load rise time and crack length.The approach has been verified by a comparison with experimental data from two laboratories. The agreement of data with the prediction is quite good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00487.x
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    ANNOUNCEMENT (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00201.x
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    A PROBABILISTIC MODEL OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A probabilistic model is presented that draws a direct link between stochastic microstructure and the statistics of measured growth rates. The model is formulated as a semi-Markov process. The underlying Markov process describes the evolution of a growth control variable as an explicit function of crack length. The growth control variable is open to a variety of interpretations, depending on the mechanisms known to control growth in any given application. Elapsed fatigue cycles and the distribution of times to failure are calculated by invoking an empirical or postulated law of growth rate. This law is either a deterministic or probabilistic relationship between the growth control variable and the crack velocity. It may, and usually does, contain parameters that are evaluated by calibration against available statistical data. This process guarantees a high level of robustness of the model's predictions. The computational generality of the formulation facilitates the treatment of spectral loading.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00490.x
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    NEAR-THRESHOLD FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH AND CRACK CLOSURE IN A NODULAR CAST IRON (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Near-threshold fatigue crack growth and crack closure were investigated in a nodular cast iron. Fracture surface roughness was promoted by spheroidal graphites. The spheroidal graphites are partially crushed to form powder which accumulates within the crack and thus enhance crack closure. The marked influence of stress ratio on near-threshold crack growth is due to graphite-induced crack closure. When the contribution of graphite-induced crack closure is excluded, the crack growth characteristics are insensitive to stress ratio, and the threshold behaviour for crack growth tends to disappear. In this case, Young's modulus becomes a controlling material parameter for the power law relationship between crack growth rate and stress intensity range.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00206.x
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    THE EFFECTS OF MOISTURE ON THE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF A LOW ALLOY STEEL NEAR THRESHOLD (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The influence of moisture on the fatigue crack growth behaviour near threshold of a 2NiCrMoV rotor steel has been investigated. At a high stress ratio (R= 0.6), moisture enhances fatigue crack growth rates by approximately 60% compared with the growth rate in dry air. The effect would appear to be due to the influence of hydrogen which is confined to a volume of material at the crack tip considerably smaller than the plastic zone. At a low stress ratio (R= 0.14), the growth rates in moist air can be very much lower than in dry air. This difference is closely associated with the formation of oxides on the fracture surface—moisture modifying the type and extent of oxidation which is observed. Observations of transient crack growth following environmental changes, suggest that fracture surface oxides within approximately 0.3 mm of the crack tip exert a strong retarding influence on crack growth although oxides up to at least 3 mm from the tip may also have some retarding effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00208.x
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    THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIMEN GEOMETRY ON NEAR THRESHOLD FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The near threshold fatigue behavior of a nickel base superalloy and a wrought 2024 aluminum alloy is examined as a function of specimen geometry. Experimental results revealed that for a given value of ΔK in Region I, crack growth rates were observed to increase as the specimen loading became more symmetric with respect to the load line. Compact tension type specimens exhibited lower crack growth rates than the more symmetrically loaded center cracked tension specimens. Consideration of the observed discrepancies is given in terms of the near field crack tip stress distribution and deformation behavior of the material affecting crack advance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00211.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00475.x
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    PREDICTION OF THE LENGTH OF NON-PROPAGATING FATIGUE CRACKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Non-propagating cracks have been observed at notch roots by several workers. A simple linear elastic fracture mechanics model based on the Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram is presented in this paper to predict the occurrence and length of non-propagating cracks. Predicted crack lengths are compared with experimental data taken from the literature.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00477.x
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    FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF A RAIL SUBJECTED TO CONTROLLED SERVICE CONDITIONS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A fatigue analysis was conducted on a rail that was placed in the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing (FAST) after a detail fracture was detected in service. The initial detail crack produced in service was grown to failure under controlled FAST conditions simulating service. Knowledge of the FAST wheel/rail load history for this rail made it an ideal candidate for quantitative fatigue crack growth analysis.The investigation revealed that undulations in the detail fracture surface were caused by changes in the direction of traffic. The angle of the facture surface, with respect to the running surface of the rail, was measured for each direction change. These results showed that the angles did not change significantly as the depth of the crack increased, relative to the running surface.The change in the direction of traffic and the associated change in the angle of the detail fracture provided benchmarks on the surface that were used to estimate the crack growth rate between each train reversal. The results showed that the rate of detail crack growth remained relatively constant from its initial size, until it broke out on the gage side of the rail. After gage-side break out, the crack growth rate increased until failure of the rail occurred.This paper provides documentation on the process of detail fracture development in this specific rail. A discussion is also included which addresses the question of why detail fractures develop, and what the probable driving forces are for their growth.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00479.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01152.x
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    THE BEHAVIOUR OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS AND THEIR INITIATION PART I—A REVIEW OF TWO RECENT BOOKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01150.x
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    MARTENSITE FORMATION AND THE RELATED TOUGHNESS IN 304 STAINLESS STEEL DURING LOW TEMPERATURE FATIGUE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Effect of transformed martensite during low temperature fatigue in metastable 304 stainless steel on low temperature toughness were investigated. Low temperature fatigue was mainly conducted at R= 0.1 with maximum stress of 1030 MPa at −196°C. The amount of martensite during fatigue cyclic deformation was related to the reduction of impact toughness and to the apparent fracture toughness. Beyond 30% of martensite formation, a strong decrease of low temperature impact toughness was found. This phenomenon is related to the phase stability of the metastable austenitic phase.
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    AN ANALYSIS OF CRACK TIP SHIELDING IN ALUMINUM ALLOY 2124: A COMPARISON OF LARGE, SMALL, THROUGH-THICKNESS AND SURFACE FATIGUE CRACKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The development of crack closure during the plane strain extension of large and small fatigue cracks has been investigated in a 2124 aluminum alloy using both experimental and numerical procedures. Specifically, the growth rate and crack closure behavior of long (∼17–38 mm) cracks, through-thickness physically-short (50–400 μm) cracks, and naturally-occurring microstructurally-small (2–400 μm) surface cracks have been examined experimentally from threshold levels to instability (over the range 10–12–10–6m/cycle). Results are compared with those predicted numerically using an elastic-plastic finite element analysis of fatigue crack advance and closure under both plane stress and plane strain conditions. It is shown that both the short through-thickness and small surface cracks propagate below the long crack threshold at rates considerably in excess of long cracks, consistent with the reduced levels of closure developed in their limited wake. Numerical analysis, however, is found consistently to underpredict the magnitude of crack closure for both large and small cracks, particularly at near-threshold levels; an observation attributed to the fact that the numerical procedures can only model contributions from cyclic plasticity, whereas in reality significant additional closure arises from the wedging action of fracture surface asperities and corrosion debris. Although such shielding mechanisms are considered to provide a prominent mechanism for differences in the growth rate behavior of large and small cracks, other factors such as the nature of the stress and strain singularity and the extent of local plasticity are shown to play an important role.
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    ANNOUNCEMENT (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00473.x
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    NEW PATENTS SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00476.x
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    INFORMATION OF CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00474.x
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    EFFECT OF FATIGUE CRACK CLOSURE ON NEAR-THRESHOLD CRACK RESISTANCE OF STRUCTURAL STEELS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The present paper is an attempt to clarify conditions for plasticity-induced and oxide-induced crack closure as well as to evaluate the effect of crack closure on near-threshold fatigue crack behaviour.The autocatalytic character of oxide formation at the crack tip has been elucidated in this study. An increase of plastic constraint at the crack tip is shown to intensify the fretting oxide formation process on the fracture surface and thus to cause an increase of the stress intensity factor range controlling the fatigue crack propagation rate. The proposed concept of stress state influence on crack closure allows us to explain the effect of specimen thickness on ΔKth.
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    RAIN FLOW CYCLE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION UNDER GAUSSIAN LOAD PROCESSES (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— We present a new and simple definition of the Rain Flow Cycle count method for the analysis of a random load process. It is combined with the Palmgren-Miner damage rule, and a stochastic model for the fatigue life and fatigue limit variability. Algorithms are presented which make it possible to calculate the RFC-amplitude distribution, based on a Markov Chain approximation of local maxima and minima. The method derived would apply to structures subjected to random fatigue loads such as acoustic noise, random vibration or sea waves, etc.
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    INFORMATION OF CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01151.x
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    CEGB ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE FOR DEFECTS IN PLANT OPERATING IN THE CREEP RANGE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In recent years considerable progress has been made in research work addressing the behaviour of defects at elevated temperature. Developments have been made both in structural assessment techniques and in methods for analysing representative materials data. On the basis of these developments a procedure has been produced within the CEGB for the assessment of defects in plant operating in the creep range under loadings for which creep rather than creep-fatigue is the dominant failure mechanism. This paper describes the CEGB procedure. Calculations are required for three events: the time for overall structural failure by continuum damage mechanisms; the time for incubation prior to crack extension; and the time for subsequent growth to a maximum tolerable defect size. Methods are presented for calculating these times and for obtaining the materials data required to perform the calculations.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
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    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01143.x
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    MIXED MODE SMALL CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue crack growth behavior of small part-through cracks in 1045 steel and Inconel 718 subjected to biaxial loading has been investigated. Experiments were performed on thin-wall tubular specimens loaded in tension, torsion and combined tension torsion. Crack sizes analyzed ranged from 20 μm to 1 mm and growth rates ranged from 10-7 to 10-4 mm/cycle for 1045 steel and from 10-5 to 10-2 mm/cycle for Inconel. Nucleation and the early growth of cracks occurs on planes of maximum shear strain amplitude for both of these materials even in tensile loading. An equivalent strain based intensity factor was employed to correlate the crack growth rate under mixed mode loading conditions In loading conditions other than torsion, a transition from mode II to mode I was observed for 1045 steel. Principal strains were used to analyze mode I cracks. Cracks in Inconel 718 grow in mode II for the majority of the fatigue life. The maximum shear strain amplitude and the tensile strain normal to the maximum shear strain amplitude plane were used to calculate the strain based intensity factor for mixed mode loading.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00465.x
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    CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF FATIGUE MICROCRACKS IN LOW CARBON STEELS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The behaviour of low carbon steels has been studied, in particular the initiation and growth of the major crack which led to final fracture of smooth specimens, via surface replica and photomicrograph techniques. From this study, the fracture process and fatigue life prediction characterized by the growth of surface microcracks have been analysed by a new approach unifying the conventional approaches based on the final fracture of materials with the fracture mechanics approach. Knowledge of fracture parameters is critical for non-destructive inspection during service life and the application of fracture mechanics to life prediction and assessment.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00468.x
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    FATIGUE UNDER OUT-OF-PHASE BENDING AND TORSION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Test data on fatigue under out-of-phase bending and torsion has been reanalysed. For the materials tested failure has been found to be consistent with the plane of maximum range of maximum range of maximum principal stress, as for the in-phase case. The critical shear planes are assumed to be those associated with this principal stress plane. A multiaxial fatigue damage parameter based on the maximum range of shear stress on the critical shear plane allowing for the effect of the range of normal stress occurring on this plane has been used to develop a proposed set of design curves for in-phase bending and torsion which are conservative for the long life out-of-phase case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00471.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00457.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Editor's Note: The following Software Descriptions have been submitted by our readers in response to our call for an open exchange of information on software programs. They are offered without review or comment to provide a rapidly published, easily accessible avenue of communication. Other readers with relevant software packages are invited to complete and submit a Software Description Form (found at the end of this section).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00458.x
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    WEIGHTED AVERAGED STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS OF CIRCULAR-FRONTED CRACKS IN CYLINDRICAL BARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Stress intensity factors are calculated in weighted average at the surface and the deepest point of a circular-fronted surface crack in a cylindrical bar by use of the weight function method. A wide range of various crack shapes are studied, from a nearly straight-fronted edge crack to a semi-circular crack front. Use of the weight function method requires that the crack opening displacement field of a reference load has to be known. It was obtained by 3-D finite element analysis. Results are presented for the cracked cylinder subjected to a constant stress (tension) and a linear stress distribution acting perpendicular to the crack faces and they are compared with values found by other investigators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00460.x
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    ON DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATE AND GEOMETRICAL SIMILITUDE OF CRACKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Dimensional analysis has been applied to the fatigue failure of a material. The growth rate of cracks propagating within the limitations of LEFM can be described unequivocably by ΔK, as for example, in the Paris law. However, in the more general case, when LEFM conditions are violated or when the crack is short, an extra term, relating plastic zone size to crack length, is needed to preserve the physical similarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 71
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    FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION IN BENDING FROM AXIAL FATIGUE INFORMATION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Bending fatigue in the low cyclic life range differs from axial fatigue due to the plastic flow which alters the linear stress-strain relation normally used to determine the nominal stresses. An approach is presented in this report to take into account the plastic flow in calculating nominal bending stress Sbending based on true surface stress. For a given surface strain εS, hence the surface life (NS), an equation is derived to express Sbending in terms of axial fatigue stress (Saxial), involving material constants c, b, NT which are obtained from axial fatigue information and f1 and f2 which are functions of strain hardening exponent and depend on the geometry of cross-section. These functions are derived in closed form for rectangular and circular cross-sections. The nominal bending stress and the axial fatigue stress are plotted as a function of life (NS) and these curves are shown for some materials of engineering interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00462.x
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  • 72
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    OVERLOAD RETARDATION IN A STRUCTURAL STEEL (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The mechanisms causing crack growth retardation after an overload were examined for BS4360 50B steel. It was found that plasticity-induced crack closure is the main cause of retardation when the pre-overload growth rate is in the mid-regime of the growth rate versus stress intensity range plot. When the pre-overload growth rate is near threshold it is argued that retardation at the surface of the specimen is primarily due to strain hardening and to the build-up of a favourable residual stress distribution in the material ahead of the crack tip. Supporting evidence for this argument is provided by a preliminary test on 2014A-T4 aluminium alloy. Plasticity-induced crack closure may be a further cause of retardation in the bulk, plane strain regions of the specimens made from BS4360 50B steel and 2014A-T4 aluminium alloy, when the pre-overload growth rate is near threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00464.x
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  • 73
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    A GENERALIZED CONCEPT OF A FATIGUE THRESHOLD (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The conditions for non-propagating LEFM type fatigue cracks were investigated on an Inconel, 617 Alloy in the range of Kmax between 10 and 50 MPa m1/2 under four different types of fatigue loading conditions. In all tests, Kmax was held constant during the fatigue cycling prior to determining the non-propagation condition. It was found that with decreasing range of applied K the fatigue tolerance range ΔKeff, th increases. Furthermore, there is slight increase of ΔKeff,th with decreasing Kmax of approximately 20–30% when Kmax is decreased from 50 to 10 MPa m1/2. The results of the four types of tests are considered in respect to the damage in the near-region of the crack front, i.e. increasing Kmax increases the damage zone and therefore decreases the fatigue tolerance range ΔKeff,th.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00209.x
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  • 74
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    CRACK PROPAGATION STUDIES ON Al 7475 ON THE BASIS OF CONSTANT AMPLITUDE AND SELECTIVE VARIABLE AMPLITUDE LOADING HISTORIES (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack propagation behaviour under variable amplitude loading is significantly influenced by load history induced sequence effects. Because the understanding of the causes of such sequence effects is still rather limited, crack propagation predictions become difficult. In the present investigation an exploratory test program with simple variable amplitude load sequences was performed, which was designed to improve the general understanding of sequence effects and to offer a basis both for an evaluation of existing crack propagation prediction models and for the development of improved methods.The investigations were performed on center cracked 8 mm thick Al 7475-T7351 specimens. In the first part of the study constant amplitude tests were performed over a wide range of R-ratios. The test results and the transition of the fracture mode during tests could be represented on the basis of the effective ΔK-value.In the second part of the paper tests with simple systematically varied sequences of high loads, low loads and underloads were performed and the crack propagation behaviour was measured. In order to obtain detailed information on the crack propagation increments per cycle, fractographic analyses were also performed. It was found that also under variable amplitude loading the crack propagation approximately followed the effective ΔK-values, except in one case.A linear (non-interaction) prediction model could not describe the observed crack propagation behaviour. The results of the application of a model assuming a constant crack opening level are also given. Finally, some general viewpoints regarding further developments of models are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00210.x
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    FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF NODULAR GRAPHITE CAST IRONS UNDER STATIC, IMPACT AND CYCLIC LOADING (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The paper deals with the fracture toughness of nodular cast irons of differing microstructure and manganese content. Fracture toughness was determined for static and impact loading in the temperature range from 77 to 523 K. The dependences of fracture toughness on manganese content and microstructure were obtained.Fatigue crack growth rate curves were obtained at room temperature and a correlation between the parameters characterizing fatigue crack growth rate was found.Fractographic studies revealed an important role of graphite inclusions in the process of fracture. On the one hand, as stress raisers they favour the nucleation of microcracks while on the other hand, they cause local retardation of fatigue crack growth probably due to the residual compressive stress surrounding them. In the mid-range of the fatigue crack growth rate curve a correlation was found between fatigue striation (or blocks of striations) spacings and the crack growth rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00480.x
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    FATIGUE CRACK CLOSURE OF CORNER CRACKS LOCATED AT HOLES LOADED IN TENSION OR BENDING (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The objective of this paper is to report fatigue crack growth and closure behavior for corner cracked holes. An optical interference technique is employed with transparent polymer specimens to determine the three-dimensional crack surface displacement field. The local crack closure behavior is examined along the crack front under remote tension and pure bending conditions. It was observed that the crack opening loads along the hole and the free surface were significantly higher than the opening values at interior crack locations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00481.x
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    THE BEHAVIOUR OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS AND THEIR INITIATION PART II-A GENERAL SUMMARY (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01153.x
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    CREEP CRACK INITIATION AND GROWTH IN INCONEL 718 ALLOY AT 650°C (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Creep cracking tests were performed on a nickel base superalloy, Inconel 718, using CT type specimens at 650°C in an air environment. Both time to initiate creep crack propagation (T1) and creep crack growth rate (ȧ) were measured as a function of the stress-intensity factor, K. It is shown that crack initiation behaviour and early crack growth (stage I) are strongly dependent on test procedures. Furthermore there is no unique correlation between ȧ and K, except in the regime corresponding to relatively high crack growth rates (stage II). This conclusion was reached by conducting tests both under increasing and under decreasing K. The reasons for this behaviour are briefly discussed in relation to environmental effects. A simple model (based upon a theoretical stress-strain field for creeping cracked solids and the ductility exhaustion concept) is used in an attempt to explain the results. The limitations for the application of this model are discussed. It is shown that this approach can explain a number of experimental results provided that it is accepted that creep ductility is time-dependent because of environmental effects.Finally, the results of these crack propagation tests are used in conjunction with the theoretical results derived from the Riedel and Rice analysis to model both crack initiation and crack growth behaviour of Inconel 718 under sustained load.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01156.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01144.x
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    EXAMPLE OF AN APPLICATION OF AN ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE FOR DEFECTS IN PLANT OPERATING IN THE CREEP RANGE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A worked example is presented to illustrate the application of a CEGB procedure for the assessment of defects in plant that operates within the creep range. The example chosen is a large cylindrical pressure vessel with a fully circumferential crack for which experimental results are available. The example demonstrates that it is straightforward to perform the calculations required in the procedure for the time for structural failure by continuum damage mechanisms, the time for crack incubation and the time for crack growth. It is predicted that crack incubation in the pressure vessel occurs at about one-third of life with the remaining life being taken up by crack growth. The predictions are in close agreement with the experimentally observed incubation, growth and final failure times.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01155.x
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    THE USE OF A NEW LINE-SPRING SHELL ELEMENT FOR ELASTIC SURFACE CRACK ANALYSIS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this paper, the Line-Spring concept developed by Rice and Levy[l] is used to build a new elastic surface cracked shell element in the general purpose Finite Element code CASTEM 2000. The implementation is described and an energy release rate technique is proposed to arrive at more accurate Stress Intensity Factor values at the crack front-free surface intersection. A comparison with existing accepted numerical solutions is made on various plane and cylindrical configurations and a discussion on the applicability of the model is presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01157.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00484.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00202.x
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    NEW PATENTS SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00204.x
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    EVALUATION ON LIMITATION OF LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS FOR SMALL FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The growth characteristics of small fatigue cracks were investigated under rotary bending in a high tensile strength steel, and the critical crack length above which linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is applicable was evaluated systematically from the results of the present study and previous studies in which two steels having different microstructures and strengths were used. It is found that the critical crack length extends over two regions each exhibiting different growth mechanisms. These regions of microstructurally small cracks and mechanically small cracks are found to be a unique function of the microstructural unit size and the yield strength of the materials, respectively. Therefore, using these relationships, it is possible to estimate the critical crack length for a given material.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00207.x
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    FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION OF WELDED JOINTS—A RE-ASSESSMENT (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue life prediction of welded joints needs an accurate and exhaustive theoretical Fracture Mechanics characterization of weld toe crack propagation. The method proposed by Albrecht et al. leads rapidly to accurate solutions of the LEFM δK-parameter. However, non-LEFM short crack behavior within the notch (weld toe) plastic zone must be taken into account. Available information on notch fatigue is surveyed, and practical cases where short crack growth is likely to occur are identified. Based on an elastoplastic finite element analysis, the LEFM validity limits and errors resulting from the misuse of LEFM in fatigue life prediction are quantified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01146.x
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    FATIGUE CRACK TIP STRAINS IN 7075-T6 ALUMINUM ALLOY (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The plastic enclave surrounding a fatigue crack in a 7075-T6 aluminum alloy specimen is studied using moiré interferometry. Two distinct plastic zones are identified from inspection of moiré interferometric fringe patterns. The sizes and shapes of the monotonic and the cyclic plastic zones are correlated with previous theoretical and experimental results. Live load strain distributions in the plastic enclave are computed from high sensitivity (0.417 micron per fringe) full-field in-plane displacement contour maps. Comparison with theoretical and experimental strain distributions are included.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01147.x
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    NON-ISOTHERMAL FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN HASTELLOY-X (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Non-isothermal fatigue crack growth tests were performed on Hastelloy-X single edge notch specimens in which strain and temperature were varied simultaneously. Conditions were selected to include nominally elastic and nominally plastic conditions and temperatures up to 925°C. The crack growth rates were first reported as a function of the strain intensity factor (δKε) derived from a crack compliance analysis. Out-of-phase (εmax at Tmax) cycling showed faster crack growth rates than isothermal or in-phase (εmax at Tmax) cycling under elastic straining. Under fully plastic cycling, the opposite results was observed, i.e. crack growth rates under isothermal cycling are faster than under TMF cycling. On a δKε-basis, a strain range effect was observed. All the results were rationalized using a corrected stress-intensity factor (δKeff) computed from the actual load, the closing bending moment caused by the increase compliance with crack length, and with the effective opening stress. Each mode of fracture was found to be characterized by a unique crack growth rate vs δKeff curve. On a δKeff-basis, the isothermal crack growth rates at Tmin and Tmax provide an upper and a lower bound for the TMFCG rates. The effectiveness of δKeff to correlate crack growth rates under fully plastic cycling is discussed in detail.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01149.x
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    A FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION MODEL FOR APPLICATION TO SERVICE LOADS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The authors previously proposed a simulation model for fatigue crack propagation for varying load ranges by considering retardation behaviour due to high level loads and showed that the model could estimate crack propagation lives under quasi-random loading. However as the model was somewhat simplified, it was predicted that some problems would occur when estimating lives under actual random loads.In this study the model was modified by considering the interaction effect of retardation and acceleration processes of crack propagation based on the test results of two and three level load programs. The model was verified by executing random load crack propagation tests.
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    DETERMINATIONS OF JIC FOR 2024-T351 ALUMINIUM ALLOY (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The J-integral is an elastic-plastic fracture mechanics parameter which can be regarded as a measure of the intensity of the crack tip stress and strain fields, irrespective of the plastic zone size. The value of J at the onset of stable crack extension, JIC, has been suggested as a fracture criterion for both large-and small-scale yielding conditions. In this work the value of JIC for an extruded, medium-strength aluminium alloy, 2024-T351 bar, was determined using; (i) the Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren crack tip model and experimentally-determined crack tip strain profiles; and (ii) the ASTM standard multiple-specimen technique. Knowing the critical load for initial crack extension from the crack tip strain profile method also enabled JIC to be computed using a finite element-hybrid contour method and a modified linear elastic fracture mechanics approach. Agreement between the JIC values obtained by the various methods was good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00499.x
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  • 91
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00483.x
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  • 92
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    DAMAGE PRODUCTION DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE-LOW CYCLE FATIGUE OF A TITANIUM ALLOY (IMI 829) (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The microstructural damage produced at 600°C by low cycle fatigue, with and without dwell periods at peak strain, has been investigated. Most surface fatigue cracks are produced by compressive-only and balanced dwell cycles and these waveforms are associated with the minimum endurance. High tensile mean stresses and deleterious environmental effects, respectively, are responsible. Internal, principally intergranular, damage results only after unbalanced tensile dwell cycling, although failure remains fatigue dominated. In comparison to pure fatigue, this waveform has little effect on lifetime. However, it is argued that small changes in the test parameters could render such damage influential and induce a transition in the dominant failure mode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00488.x
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  • 93
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    CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS FOR RIGID PLASTIC OR VISCOPLASTIC MATERIALS CONTAINING VOIDS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A systematic numerical study is reported that uses a homogenization technique to consider the plastic and viscoplastic potential of a porous medium; the study also takes account of the interactions between cavities. Calculations are carried out in plane strain with cylindrical cavities for various stress states characterized by the ratio of the principal stresses and for various values of the porosity as well as of the strain hardening exponent of the matrix.It is shown that the cavity growth rate is a strong function of the porosity, of the strain hardening exponent of the matrix and that it is a linear function of the stress triaxiality ratio. It is demonstrated that the growth models in an infinite body of Rice and Tracey or of Budiansky et al. can underestimate the cavity growth rate for intermediate stress triaxiality ratios, even for porosities as low as 1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00489.x
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  • 94
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00203.x
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  • 95
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    THE EFFECT OF RESIDUAL STRESSES INDUCED BY SHOT-PEENING ON FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION IN TWO HIGH STRENGTH ALUMINIUM ALLOYS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The crack initiation lives of peened specimens of aluminium alloys 7010 and 8090 are shorter than those of unpeened specimens. This is caused by the acceleration of crack initiation due to stress concentration in the rough peened surface, especially at fold-like defects. The crack growth rate in peened specimens is significantly reduced with increasing ΔK, i.e. with increasing crack length. At a crack length of approximately 0.3 mm this trend is reversed and the crack growth rate rapidly increases and attains the same level of crack growth rate as that in unpeened specimens. The point of smallest crack growth rate roughly corresponds to the point of maximum residual stress. The crack growth rate in a peened specimen has been modelled by assuming the effect of residual stress reduces to the equivalent stress ratio. The predicted results agree well with the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00205.x
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  • 96
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    NEW PATENTS SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00493.x
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  • 97
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    CRACK TIP PLASTIC ZONE SIZES IN CYLINDRICAL BARS SUBJECTED TO TORSION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Plastic zone sizes in circumferentially cracked round bars in torsion are estimated using an adaptation of the strip yield model. Results are compared with those from elastic-plastic finite element solutions for elastic-perfectly plastic and strain hardening material conditions, as well as with previously published data. The strip yield model gives results which are in close agreement with the finite element solutions over a wide range of torques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00497.x
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  • 98
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    A MODEL FOR SHORT FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION WITH AN INTERPRETATION OF THE SHORT-LONG CRACK TRANSITION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The behaviour of short cracks approaching growth barriers (e.g. grain boundaries) is considered. The crack model of Bilby, Cottrell and Swinden is applied to simulate the blocking of the plastic zone at the grain boundary and to obtain the stress concentration ahead of the crack as it approaches the barrier. The idea of the Hall-Petch type relationship that the transmission of slip across grain boundaries needs the previous achievement of a critical stress has been used. By making the crack growth rate proportional to the plastic displacement at the root of the crack the deceleration behaviour of short cracks and the existence of non-propagating cracks may be explained. The fatigue limit is related to the stress below which a crack growing in a single grain is unable to promote slip in the neighbouring grain. The different behaviour in the so-called long crack period has been rationalized in terms of the plastic zone exceeding the grain size. For this case, and in the grain completely included within the plastic zone, the Hall-Petch analysis must be applied. Hence the maximum back-stress sustained by this grain cannot exceed the yield stress. After this point the Bilby et al. model is used with uy as a friction stress (i.e. the Dugdale model). Finally use is made of Fracture Mechanics to correlate the results in the long crack phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01158.x
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  • 99
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    COMBINED MODE FRACTURE OF A DUCTILE MATERIAL UNDER PLANE STRESS CONDITIONS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— On the basis of our experimental results on Ly12-CZ (similar to 2024-T3) aluminium alloy tensile sheet specimens and Tresca's theory, a fracture criterion for a combined mode crack in ductile materials under plane stress conditions is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01148.x
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  • 100
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    A STUDY OF FATIGUE FRACTURE SURFACES OF A CAST NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Morphological features of fatigue fracture surfaces of a cast nickel-base super-alloy were investigated over the range of crack growth rates, 10-10 -10-6m/cycle. The cleavage facet growth in stage I and the transition of crack propagation from state I to stage II were studied by a combined study of surface crack growth rate and fracture surface examinations. A correlation between fatigue crack growth and the fracture surface appearance plus microstructural aspects has been established. It is suggested that fatigue-induced vacancies might play a significant part in cleavage facet growth at lower crack growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00469.x
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