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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-09-14
    Description: Nature-based solutions (NBS) are inspired and supported by nature and use, or mimic, natural processes to contribute to the improved management of water. An NBS can involve conserving or rehabilitating natural ecosystems and/or the enhancement or creation of natural processes in modified or artificial ecosystems. They can be applied at micro- (e.g. a dry toilet) or macro- (e.g. landscape) scales. Attention to NBS has significantly increased in recent years. This is evidenced through the mainstreaming of NBS into a wide range of policy advances, including in water resources, food security and agriculture, biodiversity, environment, disaster risk reduction, urban settlements, and climate change. This welcome trend illustrates a growing convergence of interests around the recognition of the need for common objectives and the identification of mutually supporting actions – as illustrated best in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development through its acknowledgment of the interdependency of its various Goals and targets. Upscaling NBS will be central to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Sustainable water security will not be achieved through business-as-usual approaches. NBS work with nature instead of against it, and thereby provide an essential means to move beyond business-as-usual to escalate social, economic and hydrological efficiency gains in water resources management. NBS show particular promise in achieving progress towards sustainable food production, improved human settlements, access to water supply and sanitation services, and water-related disaster risk reduction. They can also help to respond to the impacts of climate change on water resources.
    Description: Governement of Italy
    Description: Regione Umbria
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: ASFA_2015::S::Sustainable development ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::H::Human health ; ASFA_2015::A::Agriculture ; ASFA_2015::W::Water resources
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 139pp.
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  • 2
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    UNESCO, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and European Commission – DGMARE | Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2022-09-30
    Description: Organized by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO and the Directorate -General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of the European Commission, the 2nd international Conference on Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning brought together more than 350 experts from all regions of the world. Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning is described as the process that consists in regulating human activities in the waters border- ing coastal areas in order to preserve marine ecosystems, avoid conflicts between sectors of commercial and industrial activity, and promote international cooperation. The conference provided an opportunity to take stock of ex- isting experiences in marine spatial planning (MSP), exchange of best practices, encourage cooperation among countries sharing coastal and marine waters and establish priorities for the years to come.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Marine Spatial Planning ; Coastal Areas ; ASFA_2015::M::Marine environment ; ASFA_2015::C::Coastal aquaculture ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::I::Industrial products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 52pp.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-09-30
    Description: This report is an output of the Large Marine Ecosystems component of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme (TWAP)(2013-2015). TWAP conducted indicator-based assessments for transboundary water systems in five categories: aquifers, rivers, lakes, Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) and Open Oceans. These included assessment of governance arrangements and overall architecture for transboundary systems. This report covers the arrangements for LMEs, while its companion (Volume 2) covers arrangement for Open Ocean with a focus on Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ). Each report is summarised as a chapter in the overall assessment report for the respective water category (Open Ocean and LME).
    Description: OpenASFA input
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Large marine ecosystems (LME) ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::S::Spatial analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 1034pp.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-09-30
    Description: In 2017, the UNESCO General Conference adopted the Strategy for Action on Climate Change (SACC) which outlined UNESCO’s four-point strategy to support Member States adapt to climate change and mitigate its effects on their citizens and territories over the period 2018-2021. As the Strategy comes to an end, the Organization has commissioned an evaluation to assess its effectiveness and determine whether it should be renewed. Owing to its careful alignment with existing international reference frameworks in the area of climate change, in particular the 2015 Paris Agreement, the Strategy has successfully positioned UNESCO as a contributor in this field and the Organization’s insights on climate change within the framework of its specific areas of expertise is valued by partners and Member States alike. In the 3 years of the Strategy’s existence, the Organization produced knowledge products and undertook multiple interventions, especially targeting UNESCO’s priority groups (Africa, women, indigenous peoples, SIDS, youth) and ensuring their involvement in policy development and trainings. However, it is difficult to measure the effects of these activities or even attribute their results to the SACC specifically. Indeed, while the SACC has had the merit of giving UNESCO the political legitimacy and strategic guidance to act on climate-related issues, most of these activities were embedded in UNESCO’s existing programmes and have been largely reported against the different Major Programmes’ and IOC’s expected results. This is further amplified by the lack of a dedicated budget to implement the Strategy, which has led to an overreliance on ad hoc fundraising efforts to attract extrabudgetary resources and diverging implementation strategies depending on local context and Sectors’ priorities. Although the SACC aimed to encourage greater in-house cooperation to achieve its objectives, the evaluation found that, despite the existence of a large cross-sectoral Task Team, the SACC has failed to fully foster intersectoriality. As a result, whilst UNESCO has registered significant achievements and made important contributions, its action on climate change has not necessarily been cohesive.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: UNESCO Strategy for Action on Climate Change ; Climate Change ; Climate change adaptation ; Evaluation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 92pp.
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  • 5
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    UNESCO | Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2022-09-30
    Description: In 2017, the UN General Assembly declared the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). It has entrusted IOC-UNESCO with the design and delivery of the Decade to ensure that ocean science is indeed underpinning sustainable ocean management and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda more broadly. Fulfilling its mandate as trustee of the Ocean Decade, as well as delivering on a growing list of additional roles, in an oceanographic space that is both expanding and increasingly crowded, establishes an important opportunity but also an overarching challenge for IOC-UNESCO. In the context of the upcoming UN Decade of the Ocean, the IOC-UNESCO agreed with the Internal Oversight Service (IOS) on the merit of conducting an evaluation of its strategic positioning within the UN system and the broader landscape of ocean-related actors and programmes, taking into account relevant enabling policy frameworks to which the work of the Commission responds.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT Published by UNESCO's Internal Oversight Service.
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Evaluation ; International Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO ; Oceanography ; Scientific programmes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 2pp.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-09-15
    Description: Oxygen is critical to the health of the ocean. It structures aquatic ecosystems and is a fundamental requirement for marine life from the intertidal zone to the greatest depths of the ocean. Oxygen is declining in the ocean. Since the 1960s, the area of low oxygen water in the open ocean has increased by 4.5 million km2, and over 500 low oxygen sites have been identified in estuaries and other coastal water bodies. Human activities are a major cause of oxygen decline in both the open ocean and coastal waters. Burning of fossil fuels and discharges from agriculture and human waste, which result in climate change and increased nitrogen and phosphorus inputs, are the primary causes.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Global Ocean Oxygen Network ; GO2NE ; ASFA_2015::O::Oxygen ; ASFA_2015::D::Deoxygenation ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::H::Human impact
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 40pp.
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  • 7
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    Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO | Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2022-09-07
    Description: A key element of improved ocean governance is mainstreaming cooperation and coordination between LME, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) projects with overlapping themes and geographic areas, both for GEF projects and for non-GEF projects. The project aims to reach a variety of GEF marine and coastal stakeholders including project managers, international and local project staff, government officials, implementing agency staff, non-governmental organizations, business community and others. GEF LME:LEARN promotes learning and partnership building, knowledge and experience sharing, and information management among projects in the GEF marine and coastal focal areas. It operates as a central hub for storing and sharing data and documents from GEF marine and coastal projects.
    Description: Global Environmental Facility (GEF), implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),
    Description: OPenASFA Input
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Marine Protected Areas ; Integrated Coastal Management ; LME:LEARN ; GEF Large Marine Ecosystems Learning Exchange and Resource Network ; ASFA_2015::M::Marine policy ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::C::Coast protection
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 16pp.
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  • 8
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    UNESCO | Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2022-09-21
    Description: The book highlights the achievements made in the management and conservation of cultural and natural heritage in Africa, reflects on the dynamic nature of this heritage, and provides recommendations to ensure its safeguarding. UNESCO is committed to working closely with African States Parties and our numerous partners to ensure that the recommendations from the conference are effectively implemented. To this end, it is essential to mobilize the necessary resources to support African institutions to achieve these recommendations. These mobilization efforts must include the participation of African youth, whose role is critical to sustainability as future guardians and caretakers of Africa’s rich heritage. It is for this reason that I call upon all readers to support sustainable development at World Heritage sites in sub-Saharan Africa for the benefit of future generations and the global community
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: ASFA_2015::S::Sustainable development ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 274pp.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-09-24
    Description: A combination of anthropogenic and natural pressures is impacting the health and productivity of LMEs, compromising the sustainability of LME ecosystem services. These pressures are accelerating, and without concerted action their impacts could become irreversible.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Large marine ecosystems (LME) ; Ocean acidification ; Nutrients ; Human impact ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::B::Biodiversity ; ASFA_2015::S::Sustainable development
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 24pp.
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  • 10
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    UNESOC-IOC and International Group for Marine Ecological Time Series (IGMETS) | Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2022-09-24
    Description: Ship-based biogeochemical and ecological time series are one of the most valuable tools to characterize and quantify ocean ecosystems. These programmes continuously provided major breakthroughs in understanding ecosystem variability, allow quantification of the ocean carbon cycle, and help understand the processes that link biodiversity, food webs, and changes in services that benefit human societies. A quantum jump in regional and global ocean ecosystem science can be gained by aggregating observations from individual time series that are distributed across different oceans and which are managed by different countries. The collective value of these data is greater than that provided by each time series individually. However, maintaining time series requires a commitment by the science community and sponsor agencies.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Ocean time series ; Human impact ; ASFA_2015::S::Ship models ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::B::Biodiversity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: Poster
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  • 11
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    UNESCO-Internal Oversight Service | Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2022-09-24
    Description: Since the 1990s UNESCO has been a leading UN Organization in Bioethics and Ethics of Science and Technology. It developed a number of international normative instruments, which were adopted by expert advisory bodies and became the basis for two global capacity building programmes (Assisting Bioethics Committees (ABC) and Ethics Education Programme (EEP)) that are managed by Headquarters and implemented with the support of Field Offices. This evaluation examined how the Organization’s Bioethics and Ethics of Science and Technology Programme had been designed and implemented during 2010-2016, as well as the results achieved with the aim of suggesting improvements. The evaluation found that past and current normative work continues to drive the programme. UNESCO also provides a global forum for reflection on Bioethics and Ethics of Science and Technology through its advisory bodies, though the working methods of the latter require review. Its capacity building programmes are relevant, but not sufficiently demand-driven and require different delivery modalities. The Organization’s partnerships in the field are underutilized and their full potential not yet realized.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Bioethics ; Ethics of science ; Ethics of technology ; Capacity Building ; Scientific programmes ; Evaluation ; Management audit ; Ethics Education Programme ; Gender Equality ; Priority Africa
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 65pp.
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2022-09-23
    Description: The 2016 edition of the United Nations World Water Development Report, which was coordinated by the United Nations World Water Assessment Programme of UNESCO in collaboration with UN-Water Members and other partners, illustrates how the connection between water and jobs holds the promise of inclusive and sustainable economic growth for all countries. Its findings can serve to help reach the Sustainable Development Goals, which are all interlinked, including Goal 6 covering water and sanitation for all, and Goal 8 addressing decent work for all. Among its findings, this report shows that many jobs in the global workforce depend on water. It demonstrates that water stress and the lack of decent work can exacerbate security challenges. It also traces the link between scarce or poor quality water, damaged ecosystems and instability that can lead to forced migration. The main message of the report is clear: water is essential to decent jobs and sustainable development. Now is the time to increase investments in protecting and rehabilitating water resources, including drinking water, as well as sanitation while focusing on generating employment.
    Description: Government of Italy
    Description: Regione Umbria
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Economy ; Jobs ; Sanitation ; ASFA_2015::W::Water ; ASFA_2015::A::Agriculture ; ASFA_2015::A::Aquaculture ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::S::Sustainable development
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 164pp.
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2022-11-02
    Description: The present report, prepared pursuant to document 39 C/46, 39 C/Resolution 15 and 209 EX/Decision 5.I.B, provides a summary of a recent evaluation, namely the Evaluation of the UNESCO Strategy for Action on Climate Change (2018-2021).
    Description: Item 8 of the Provisional Agenda of the 212th Session of the Executive Board of UNESCO (212 EX/8). OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: UNESCO Strategy for Action on Climate Change ; Climate Change ; Climate change adaptation ; Evaluation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 8pp.
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2022-11-04
    Description: Recalling IOC-Resolution XXX-3 and in accordance with 207 EX/Dec.5.II.A, this report provides a summary of a recently completed evaluation, namely: Internal Oversight Service (IOS) Evaluation of the Strategic positioning of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC-UNESCO).
    Description: Item 9 of the provisional agenda of the Executive Board of UNESCO (212 EX/9). OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Non Refereed
    Keywords: International Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO ; Strategic position ; IOC-UNESCO ; Evaluation ; Scientific programmes ; Oceanography
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 9pp.
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2022-11-04
    Description: The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC-UNESCO) has functional autonomy within UNESCO. It is the only UN body specializing exclusively in ocean science, ocean observation, ocean data and information exchange and dedicated ocean services such as Tsunami Early Warning Systems. In 2019, UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission was tasked to lead the UN Decade of the Ocean. This opportunity, combined with a fast-evolving ecosystem of international actors in an expanding and increasingly crowded ocean policy and marine science space, prompted IOC-UNESCO to request an evaluation of IOC-UNESCO with a focus on its strategic positioning within the UN system and the broader landscape of ocean-related actors and programmes to meet the high demand for sound ocean science in an oceanographic space. The evaluation found that IOC-UNESCO is a valued partner for Member States as well as other international and national actors, and indispensable for strengthening capacities and providing the data and technical information on ocean science policy that serves as a basis for national level data. IOC-UNESCO has been most successful in providing contributions to UN Frameworks and Conventions (e.g. UNFCCC, Sendai and CBD), in acting as a neutral platform to discuss the increasingly relevant issue of ocean health and climate change, in bringing Member States together and fostering exchanges between governments and scientists, as well as in providing to the extended oceanographic community access to data, information and science. However, strategic advocacy at the national level, engagement at the regional level, and resourcing and visibility of gender equality and women’s empowerment in the ocean space within and outside IOC-UNESCO are among the areas where further improvements are required. The establishment of the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development is the most important strategic institutional achievement of IOC-UNESCO in recent years. It is an important opportunity, but the absence of a clearly defined results framework and inadequate resources could jeopardize its success. Furthermore, it still needs to be determined how to best exploit IOC-UNESCO’s data and knowledge base and how UNESCO can best support the Decade, among other through intersectoral work.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Evaluation ; Oceanography ; International Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO ; Scientific programmes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 61pp.
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