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  • Springer  (249,084)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)  (36,729)
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)  (26,651)
  • National Academy of Sciences  (19,925)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • 2015-2019  (293,448)
  • 2005-2009  (58,439)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 2017  (133,732)
  • 2016  (159,716)
  • 2009  (58,439)
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  • 2015-2019  (293,448)
  • 2005-2009  (58,439)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
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    Improving strain rate estimation from velocity data of non-permanent GPS stations: the Central Apennine study case (Italy) (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-17
    Description: An efficient procedure is proposed in order to define realistic lower limits of velocity errors of a non-permanent GPS station (NPS), i.e. a station where the antenna is installed and operates for short time periods, typically 10-20 days per year. Moreover, the proposed method is aimed at being independent from the standard GPS data processing. The key is to appropriately subsample the coordinate time series of several continuous GPS stations (CGPSs) situated nearby or inside the considered NPS network, in order to simulate the NPS behavior and to estimate the velocity errors associated with the subsampling procedure. The obtained data are therefore used as lower limits to accept or correct the error estimates provided by standard data processing. The proposed approach is applied to data from the dense non-permanent network in the Central Apennine of Italy based on a sequence of solutions for the overlapping time spans 1999-2003, 1999-2004, 1999-2005 and 1999-2007. Both the original and error-corrected velocity patterns are used to compute the strain rate fields. The comparison between the corresponding results reveals large differences that could lead to divergent interpretations about the kinematics of the study area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 249–261
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Non-permanent GPS Stations ; Velocity Field ; Strain Rate ; Survey Optimization; ; Solution Sequence ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Supporting the Development of Procedures for Communications During Volcanic Emergencies: Lessons Learnt from the Canary Islands (Spain) and Etna and Stromboli (Italy) (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-18
    Description: Volcanic crises are complex and especially challenging to manage. Volcanic unrest is characterised by uncertainty about whether an eruption will or will not take place, as well as its possible location, size and evolution. Planning is further complicated by the range of potential hazards and the variety of disciplines involved in forecasting and responding to volcanic emergencies. Effective management is favoured at frequently active volcanoes, owing to the experience gained through the repeated ‘testing’ of systems of communication. Even when plans have not been officially put in place, the groups involved tend to have an understanding of their roles and responsibilities and those of others. Such experience is rarely available at volcanoes that have been quiescent for several generations. Emergency responses are less effective, not only because of uncertainties about the volcanic system itself, but also because scientists, crisis directors, managers and the public are inexperienced in volcanic unrest. In such situations, tensions and misunderstandings result in poor communication and have the potential to affect decision making and delay vital operations. Here we compare experiences on communi- cating information during crises on volcanoes reawakening after long repose (El Hierro in the Canary Islands) and in frequent eruption (Etna and Stromboli in Sicily). The results provide a basis for enhancing commu- nication protocols during volcanic emergencies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-17
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; Stromboli volcano ; Canary Islands ; volcanic emergencies ; communication ; volcanic crisis ; Procedures for Communications During Volcanic Emergencies ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 3
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    Assessing seismic damage through stochastic simulation of ground shaking: the case of the 1998 Faial Earthquake (Azores Islands) (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-23
    Description: In July 1998, an Mw = 6.2 earthquake struck the islands of Faial, Pico and San Jorge (in the Azores Archipelago), registering VIII on the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale and causing major destruction in the northeastern part of Faial. The main shock was located offshore, 8 km North East of the island, and it triggered a seismic sequence that lasted for several weeks. The existing data for this earthquake include both the general tectonic environment of the region and the teleseismic information. This is accompanied by one strong-motion record obtained 15 km from the epicentre, the epicentre location of aftershocks, and a large collection of the damage inflicted to the building stock (as poor rubble masonry, of 2-3 storeys). The present study was carried out in two steps: first, with a finite-fault stochastic simulation method of ground motion at sites throughout the affected islands, for two possible locations of the rupturing fault and for a large number of combinations of rupture mechanisms (as a parametric analysis); secondly, the damage to buildings was modelled using a well-known macroseismic method that considers the building typologies and their associated vulnerabilities. The main intent was to integrate different data (geological, seismological and building features) to produce a scenario model to reproduce and justify the level of damage generated during the Faial earthquake. Finally, through validation of the results provided by these different approaches, we obtained a complete procedure for the parameters of a first model for the production of seismic damage scenarios for the Azores Islands region.
    Description: Published
    Description: 361–381
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Stochastic finite-fault scenarios ; Building damage assessment ; 9th July Faial earthquake ; Azores Islands ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Insights into shallow magmatic processes at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, from a multiyear continuous gravity time series (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: Continuous gravity data collected near the summit eruptive vent at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, during 2011–2015 show a strong correlation with summit-area surface deformation and the level of the lava lake within the vent over periods of days to weeks, suggesting that changes in gravity reflect variations in volcanic activity. Joint analysis of gravity and lava level time series data indicates that over the entire time period studied, the average density of the lava within the upper tens to hundreds of meters of the summit eruptive vent remained low—approximately 1000–1500 kg/m^3. The ratio of gravity change (adjusted for Earth tides and instrumental drift) to lava level change measured over 15 day windows rose gradually over the course of 2011–2015, probably reflecting either (1) a small increase in the density of lava within the eruptive vent or (2) an increase in the volume of lava within the vent due to gradual vent enlargement. Superimposed on the overall time series were transient spikes of mass change associated with inflation and deflation of Kīlauea’s summit and coincident changes in lava level. The unexpectedly strong mass variations during these episodes suggest magma flux to and from the shallow magmatic system without commensurate deformation, perhaps indicating magma accumulation within, and withdrawal from, void space—a process that might not otherwise be apparent from lava level and deformation data alone. Continuous gravity data thus provide unique insights into magmatic processes, arguing for continued application of the method at other frequently active volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5477–5492
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Kīlauea Volcano; gravity changes; lava lake; volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    The borehole dilatometers network of Mt. Etna : a powerful tool to detect and infer volcano dynamics (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: A network of four borehole dilatometers has been installed on Etna in two successive phases (2010–2011 and 2014). The borehole dilatometers are installed in holes drilled at depths usually greater than 100 m, and they measure the volumetric strain of the surrounding rock with a nominal precision up to 10^-11 in a wide frequency range (10^-7–25 Hz). Here we describe the characteristics of the network and the results of the in situ calibrations obtained after the installations by different methods. We illustrate short-term strain changes recorded during several lava fountains erupted by Etna during 2011–2013, and we also show signal changes recorded at all four stations during the lava fountain on 28 December 2014. Analytical and numerical computations constrained the eruptions source depth and also its volume change that is related to the magma volume emitted. Finally, we show the potential of the signal in the medium term to reveal strain changes related to different phases of the volcanic activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4655–4669
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e Osservazioni
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; borehole strainmeters ; strain ; eruptions and lava fountains ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Eruptive activity at Turrialba volcano (Costa Rica): Inferences from 3He/4He in fumarole gases and chemistry of the products ejected during 2014 and 2015 (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: A new period of eruptive activity started at Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica, in 2010 after almost 150 years of quiescence. This activity has been characterized by sporadic explosions whose frequency clearly increased since October 2014. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms that triggered the resumption of this eruptive activity and characterize the evolution of the phenomena over the past 2 years. We integrate 3He/4He data available on fumarole gases collected in the summit area of Turrialba between 1999 and 2011 with new measurements made on samples collected between September 2014 and February 2016. The results of a petrological investigation of the products that erupted between October 2014 and May 2015 are also presented. We infer that the resumption of eruptive activity in 2010 was triggered by a replenishment of the plumbing system of Turrialba by a new batch of magma. This is supported by the increase in 3He/4He values observed since 2005 at the crater fumaroles and by comparable high values in September 2014, just before the onset of the new eruptive phase. The presence of a number of fresh and juvenile glassy shards in the erupted products increased between October 2014 and May 2015, suggesting the involvement of new magma with a composition similar to that erupted in 1864–1866. We conclude that the increase in 3He/4He at the summit fumaroles since October 2015 represents strong evidence of a new phase of magma replenishment, which implies that the level of activity remains high at the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3V. Proprietà dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Description: 4V. Dinamica dei processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: 5V. Dinamica dei processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Turrialba volcano ; eruptive activity ; 3He/4He ; fumarole gases ; glassy shards ; juvenile component ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Bacterial and archaeal populations at two shallow hydrothermal vents off Panarea Island (Eolian Islands, Italy) (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial community thriving at two shallow hydrothermal vents off Panarea Island (Italy). Physico-chemical characteristics of thermal waters were examined in order to establish the effect of the vents on biodiversity of both Bacteria and Archaea. Water and adjacent sediment samples were collected at different times from two vents, characterised by different depth and temperature, and analysed to evaluate total microbial abundances, sulphuroxidising and thermophilic aerobic bacteria. Total microbial abundances were on average of the order of 105 cells ml-1, expressed as picoplanktonic size fraction. Picophytoplanktonic cells accounted for 0.77–3.83% of the total picoplanktonic cells. The contribution of bacterial and archaeal taxa to prokaryotic community diversity was investigated by PCR–DGGE fingerprinting method. The number of bands derived from bacterial DNA was highest in the DGGE profiles of water sample from the warmest and deepest site (site 2). In contrast, archaeal richness was highest in the water of the coldest and shallowest site (site 1). Sulphur-oxidising bacteria were detected by both culture- dependent and -independent methods. The primary production at the shallow hydrothermal system of Panarea is supported by a complex microbial community composed by phototrophs and chemolithotrophs.
    Description: Published
    Description: 199-212
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: hydrothermal vents ; bacteria ; geochemistry ; fluids ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Spatially resolved SO2 flux emissions from Mt Etna (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: We report on a systematic record of SO2 flux emissions from individual vents of Etna volcano (Sicily), which we obtained using a permanent UV camera network. Observations were carried out in summer 2014, a period encompassing two eruptive episodes of the New South East Crater (NSEC) and a fissure-fed eruption in the upper Valle del Bove. We demonstrate that our vent-resolved SO2 flux time series allow capturing shifts in activity from one vent to another and contribute to our understanding of Etna’s shallowplumbingsystemstructure.We findthatthe fissureeruptioncontributed~50,000tofSO2 or~30%of the SO2 emitted by the volcano during the 5 July to 10 August eruptive interval. Activity from this eruptive ventgraduallyvanishedon10August,markingaswitchofdegassingtowardtheNSEC.Onsetofdegassingat the NSEC was a precursory to explosive paroxysmal activity on 11–15 August.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7511-7519
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Records of SO2 flux emissions from Etna’sindividualventsallowcapturing shifts in volcanic activity ; Vent-resolved SO2 flux time series provide constraints on geometry of the shallow plumbing system ; Vent-resolved SO2 flux time series demonstrate SO2 flux increase precursory to paroxysmal (lava fountaining) activity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Italian accelerometric archive: geological, geophysical and geotechnical investigations at strong-motion stations (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-16
    Description: Geological, geophysical and geotechnical investigations, for the characterization of the strong-motion recording sitesmanaged by the ItalianCivil Protection, have been carried out in the framework of the project “Italian strong-motion database in the period 1972–2004”. The project aimed at creating an updated database of strong-motion data acquired in Italy by different institutions in the time span 1972–2004, and at improving the quality of disseminated data. This article illustrates the state of the recording site characterization before the beginning of the project, explains the criteria adopted to select the sites where geophysical/ geotechnical investigation have been performed and describes the results of the promoted field surveys.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1189–1207
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: site ; characterization ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Gas emission strength and evolution of the molar ratio of BrO/SO2 in the plume of Nyiragongo in comparison to Etna (2016)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Airborne and ground-based differential optical absorption spectroscopy observations have been carried out at the volcano Nyiragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo) tomeasure SO2 and bromine monoxide (BrO) in the plume inMarch 2004 and June 2007, respectively. Additionally filter pack andmulticomponent gas analyzer system (Multi-GAS)measurements were carried out in June 2007. Ourmeasurements provide valuable information on the chemical composition of the volcanic plume emitted fromthe lava lake of Nyiragongo. The main interest of this study has been to investigate for the first time the bromine emission flux of Nyiragongo (a rift volcano) and the BrO formation in its volcanic plume. Measurement data and results from a numerical model of the evolution of BrO in Nyiragongo volcanic plume are compared with earlier studies of the volcanic plume of Etna (Italy). Even though the bromine flux from Nyiragongo (2.6 t/d) is slightly greater than that from Etna (1.9 t/d), the BrO/SO2 ratio (maximum 7 × 10 5) is smaller than in the plume of Etna (maximum 2.1 × 10 4). A one-dimensional photochemical model to investigate halogen chemistry in the volcanic plumes of Etna and Nyiragongo was initialized using data from Multi-GAS and filter pack measurements. Model runs showed that the differences in the composition of volcanic volatiles led to a smaller fraction of total bromine being present as BrO in the Nyiragongo plume and to a smaller BrO/SO2 ratio.
    Description: Published
    Description: 277-291
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Intraplate volcano Nyiragongo is bromine rich although chlorine poor ; BrO/Br in volcanic plumes depends on initial plume composition ; Determination of Nyiragongo chlorine, bromine, sulfur emission strength ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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