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  • American Meteorological Society
  • Emerald
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (3,357)
  • 1994  (3,357)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TQM: Implications for Training (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 4-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Focuses on the major issues for training and development in anorganization: developing an organization culture; the need for focusedtraining; training content; TQM for the training section; trainingproviders; the timing of training and induction programmes. Draws oncase study experience from Western Australian companies who haveintroduced TQM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000003959
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Visible Impact of Quality (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 15-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes a very simple quality project to improve access to informationwhich is important to the company. Despite the simplicity of theproject, it affected all staff and therefore had considerable impact,promoting the perception of quality as a fundamental part of all aspectsof company life at any level. The project was undertaken three yearsinto the quality programme and assisted greatly in renewing interest ata time when indifference might have set in. It encouraged are-examination of other aspects of long accepted practice and as suchwas a marketing achievement for the ongoing quality improvementprogramme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410074472
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benchmarking for Best Practices in Employee Development (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 28-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines three market leaders, referred to as RST, XYZ and ABC, andshows their understanding of the quest for quality and the management ofemployee development. The evidence is that continuous improvementpractices are a tribute to the "West" in the face of the Japanesechallenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410056201
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taking Quality to Japan (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 4-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Japan has become a signatory to the whole concept of worldwide standardsat ISO 9000 level but it appears that the complexities of the standardand its application have not always translated well into Japanese.Describes how a UK-based international TQM consultancy has worked inJapan, surmounting the language barrier and accommodating to Japanesestyles of negotiation and management, to present a series of intensivecourses to representatives of electrical appliance manufacturers and thenational certification body-the Japanese Electrical Test Laboratory.Concludes that, having committed themselves to ISO 9000 certification,the Japanese are certain to achieve it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410056157
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total Quality and the Human Resource Professional (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Interest in the total quality concept has been gaining considerablemomentum within North America. Total quality, which is founded on thebelief that organizations can succeed by meeting the needs of theircustomers, has traditionally been a concern of line management. However,specialists in the area of human and industrial relations have beenespousing some of the concepts touted by total quality converts for someyears. Participation by these individuals in the implementation of atotal quality approach can only help in this regard.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410056210
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing Total Quality Training in Wales (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents survey results of training for quality in manufacturingcompanies in Wales. Six geographical areas - Cardiff, Newport, Swansea,Llandudno, Shrewsbury and Llandrindod Wells, in Wales, were selected forinvestigation. A high response rate indicates a "renaissance" in qualityin manufacturing in Wales. Quality is recognized by many organizationsin Wales and results show that companies are beginning to addresstraining in quality requirements. The Wales Quality Centre is used by alarge percentage of the companies surveyed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410064347
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Managing for Total Training Quality (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 11-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As employers have recognized the potential impact of training schemes toincrease organizational productivity this had led to an expansion ofcompetence development programmes. Although one could reasonably expectthis increase to be accompanied by the introduction of sophisticatedtraining evaluation systems this has not occurred. Traditionalapproaches such as direct assessment of employee knowledge, attitudesand skills are still prevalent. Proposes an alternative evaluationmodel which draws on concepts associated with total quality management.The evaluation is extended to cover assessment of: employeesatisfaction; satisfaction of the employee's superior; persons to whomthe employee provides outputs; and the organization's externalcustomers. Describes application of the model during all phases of thetraining programme design through to delivery of training. Examines theimplications of the model in organizations which have adopted totalquality management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000003960
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advertising, Barriers to Entry and Competition Policy (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The controversy as to whether or not advertising impairs the efficientfunctioning of markets because it acts as a "barrier" to new firms wishingto enter a market has once again attracted the interest of the UKcompetition authorities. Looks at the advertising and barrier to entryissue as seen in a number of Monopolies and Mergers Commissioninvestigations. Concludes that the conventional negative view ofadvertising needs to be tempered by the positive role played byadvertising in facilitating actual entry, and suggests that insofar asthere are a number of other factors which may inhibit market entry it isnecessary to look at this issue "in the round" rather than from one narrowperspective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610429410067432
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total Quality Management - The Solution to More Training in Britain?: A Survey of Small-to-medium-sized Manufacturing Firms in the North of England (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Total quality management has become an important issue in many publicand private sector organizations. This may provide hope that trainingmay be taken seriously in Britain, Many organizations' competitivenessis seriously damaged by the lack of training, even though many expertsadvocate comprehensive training to be the foundation on which essentialimprovement programmes should be built. A survey of small/medium-sizedmanufacturing firms in the North of England showed that attitude totraining has been short-sighted and only a small percentage of firmshave adopted a total quality management strategy within theirorganizations. Fully explores the survey results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410056193
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Achieving a Competitive Advantage through Quality Training (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Quality is another name for customer satisfaction and the USA cannotafford to ignore its importance. Education and training are essential tothe productivity and competitive advantage of the entire country.Emphasizes the importance of quality training and suggests the keys toimplementing a quality training programme. Covers why quality trainingis necessary and the skills that employees need to succeed in theirproblem-solving and process improvement activities. Discusses the keyrequirements of a quality training programme along with Cocheu's modelsof improvement strategy and training phases. Finally includes a briefcase study of Prince Corporation and some highlights of their qualityprogramme. It all boils down to the simple truth that we cannot have aworld-class economy without a world-class workforce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410056229
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TQM, Customer/Supplier Relations and Human Resource Management (1994)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 2 (1994), S. 22-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines a Japanese-owned customer organization in Britain which hasadopted Kaizen (continuous improvement) programmes in order to discoverwhat effect this has had on the internal organization of its suppliers.With a particular interest in HRM and workforce training, uses aquestionnaire and case studies to illuminate the changes made insupplier organizations and the mechanisms which support thesedevelopments. The evidence suggests that 63 per cent of supplierorganizations studied have made changes, with the leading changes beingmade in the areas of quality management and workforce training as theyhave become more open to examination by the customer organization andwith the increased emphasis on quality. Concludes that increasingadoption of Kaizen or TQM by customer organizations has implications forpersonnel and HRM functions in supplier organizations, and that thetraditionally self-contained boundaries of companies will become lessrigid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684879410064356
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Community economic development networks: A grassroots leadership challenge (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 2-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Communities of all sizes now have the ability to gain access to theInternet for minimal costs. Access to the Internet has created a kind ofglobal "infomarketplacerdquo; by making business information and expertadvice readily available. Communities can take advantage of thislow-cost accessibility to spur local economic development andentrepreneurship through collaboration with experts. Communities needto consider what level of Internet connectivity best meets their needs,in view of the cost/benefit ratio of Internet access. Issues andbarriers to be dealt with include profit motives, teleliteracy, andtechnofear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798795
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NCSA Mosaic: A Global Hypermedia System (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 7-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper reports on an Internet-based system for hypermediainformation discovery and retrieval and wide-area distributedasynchronous collaboration designed and built at the National Center forSupercomputing Applications (NCSA). The system, called NCSA Mosaic,integrates cleanly into existing Internet protocols, formats, datasources, and environments, and provides powerful new capabilities forusing and sharing information across the Internet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798803
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Networked information in France, 1993: The internet's future (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 18-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The French are becoming world leaders in networked information. The keyto this development is the immediate access to the general publicprovided by their national Minitel system. New networked libraries arebeing built, existing libraries are going online, and the crisis-riddenFrench publishing industry is looking to networked information for itssalvation. The French approach to networking offers interesting lessonsfor the Internet, not least because the French approach may ultimatelybe considered more attractive than the Internet's for developingnetworked information in Asia and elsewhere
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798812
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    InfoMall: an innovative strategy for high-performance computing and communications applications development (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 31-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: InfoMall is a program led by the Northeast Parallel Architectures Centerfeaturing a partnership of approximately twenty-four organizations witha plan for accelerating development of the High-Performance Computingand Communications (HPCC) software and systems industry. HPCC is acritical technology where the United States has clear internationalleadership and which will have unprecedented impact on industry,education, society, and defense. The communications component of HPCC iscritical to developing HPCC products. Acceptance of HPCC by thesereal-world sectors has been delayed by the extremely hard problem ofHPCC software development. InfoMall employs a novel technologydevelopment strategy involving closely linked programs in technologyextraction and certification, software development, marketing,education, and training, economic development, and small businesssupport. The process is constructured and explained by analogy to afull-service set of stores in a shopping mall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798821
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing US Government bulletin boards: problems, policy issues and recommendations (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 45-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Federal government agencies increasingly use electronic bulletin boardtechnology as a means of providing access to and dissemination ofelectronic government information. This paper identifies and analyzesexisting government bulletin boards (BBSs). It also assesses the typesof information available to information users on the BBSs as well as thecost and technological access issues involved in federal agency use ofBBSs. Furthermore, the paper presents a typology of bulletin boards.Finally, it discusses information policy implications resulting from BBSdevelopment, especially with regard to access and dissemination ofelectronic government information. These "new" access mechanisms areoften-times difficult to use, are poorly deployed and operated, and mayserve to limit access to some types of government information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798830
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Clinton electronic communications project: An experiment in electronic democracy (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 64-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Clinton Electronic Communications Project is the successor to theClinton campaign's e-mail program. The object of the work reported herewas to determine to which White House material posted to the Internet ismore current and comprehensive than information available through moretraditional sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798849
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    The CICNet rural datafication project: Extending network access and services (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 71-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The past year has seen increased effort across the country to expandnetworking services in rural areas. This note describes the "ruraldatafication" activities that CICNet, a regional network in the midwest,is currently pursuing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798858
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leadership Strategies for Networked Enterprises: A Personal Perspective (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 23-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A rapidly expanding number of organizations have begun to usehigh-performance, completely digital networks, like the Internet, tocoordinate activities and to develop products and services that servevery wide geographic areas. Now, primarily as a result of the ClintonAdministration's National Information Infrastructure initiative, theentire nation has begun to buzz with talk of the whys, wherefores, andhow-tos of making this way to doing business the rule rather than theexception of twenty-first-century life and enterprise. This papersurveys the politics and economics of the contemporary networking scene,and presents four general stratgies for making progress in the currentclimate of great change and uncertainty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798876
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Seeking equity in the national information infrastructure (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 9-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Available evidence indicates that there is a growing gap between theinformation rich and information poor. That gap is part of a largerstruggle for control of information resources and for the societal powerthat accompanies such control. New institutional arrangements are neededto spread the benefits of modern information technologies to allsegments of the population. Achieving social equity objectives requiresgovernmental leadership and funding. But current legislative proposalsfor shaping the National Information Infrastructure (NII) lack clearstatements as to how the social equity objectives enunciated by thePresident and Vice President would be accomplished. These proposals seemto make insufficient provision for expanding the development of morethan 150 computerized community information systems (CCIS) created bygrass-roots organizations over the past several years. Locallycontrolled information delivery systems supported by a federallysponsored system of National and Regional Institutes for InformationDemocracy could help meet the daily information needs of all people,regardless of economic class or community environment. The Instituteswould provide sustained support for anc coordination of social equityand empowerment objectives, and could servie as the institutionalstructures lacking in current legislation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798867
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  • 21
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    The Ethics of Research in Cyberspace (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 30-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: As computers, the Internet, online digital resources, and eventually theNational Information Infrastructure become increasingly important in ourlives, the study of the use of these technologies has become one of thefastest growing areas in social science. This research is important,but, like any kind of social science involving the study of humansubjects, it raises questions of ethics and human dignity. Most majorresearch universities have guidelines for this kind of scholarship,based on the Nuremberg Code and/or the Belmont Principles. But researchin cyberspace was clearly not on the minds of those drafting theseguidelines. Some of the difficulties produced by this tension betweentraditional guidelines and new technologies are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798894
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  • 22
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    Adaptive computing and the internet: One step forward, two steps back? (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 2-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Advances in adaptive computing technology provide opportunities forpeople with disabilities to access information and participate insociety. But some networking tools, especially those based on graphicaluser interfaces, threaten to erode the accessibility of electronicresources. This paper offers a brief overview of adaptive technology forcomputers and networking and identifies a number of issues that must beaddressed in order for people with disabilities to become fullparticipants in online activities.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798902
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  • 23
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    A learning organization perspective on training: Critical success factors for Internet implementation (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 36-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper argues that training is a critical success factor for theimplementation of the Internet in organizations. Given the Internet'spotential for transforming organizations, it is imperative that wedevelop training that goes beyond the teaching of Internet skills andinstead enables trainees to become active participants in the strategicplanning process. This perspective on training is termed the learningorganization perspective. A number of conceptual areas are suggested asrelevant to the development of the necessary training and the associatedtheoretical perspective. It is hoped that this initial articulation ofthe critical role of training will provide the impetus for others toexpand on the perspective and its actual implementation in organizations
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798885
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  • 24
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    Notes from the grassroots: online lobbying in Canada (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 9-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Public Advisory Council on Information Highway Policy (PACIHP)project is discussed in terms of activities, difficulties, successes,impact, motivations, and background. This paper is presented in twoparts. The first part details how project organizers have attempted toinvolve the online community in the policy-making process, thetechniques used, and the community's and policymakers' response to theinitiative. Some preliminary observations about the project's impact arealso discussed. The second part presents an overview of the Canadianregulatory and political environment. The specific trends identifiedhave contributed to the authors' concerns, providing some of themotivation for the project. In conclusion, thoughts on the future ofcomputer-mediated communication and its potential for democratizingpolitics are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798911
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  • 25
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    Wired Warp and Woof: An Ethnographic Study of a Networking Class (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 20-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper describes an ethnographic study of the electronic communityformed during an intensive summer school seminar on networking. Theseminar, conducted in a mostly electronic environment, was comprised ofmaster's and doctoral students involved in various fields of study.Ethnographic research techniques facilitated the observation anddescription of the actions and events of this networked learningcommunity, where events reflect both individual personalities and sharedknowledge. This exploration of the cultural meanings of classpedagogical events led to an enhanced understanding of both the natureof the online educational environment and the applicability ofethnographic research techniques to networked communities.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798920
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  • 26
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    Use and Users of a Congressman's Network Information Services (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 36-51 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A growing movement toward public access to the federal government viathe Internet has created increased interest in establishing networkcommunications and information services, especially among nationalofficeholders. However, little empirical study of the use and users ofsuch services exists to guide their efforts This paper reports resultsof a two-part study of the use and users of US Representative SamCoppersmith's (D - Arizona 1) Gopher and distribution list servicesduring the first quarter of 1994. The first part analyzes Gopher usagedata gathered during the study period. The second part detials with auser survey distributed to fifty-seven Gopher server guest registrantsand eighty listserv subscribers just after the end of the study period.The research shows that (1) use of the Gopher subdirectory dwarfs thatof the listserv, (2) services like Coppersmith's should provide basicinformation, as well as unique and timely information and issue positionstatements, (3) assessment of such services is methodologicallychallenging, and (4) Coppersmith's services are effective informationmedia that promote observability of distant officeholders, a functionthat helps promote increased participation in government.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798939
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  • 27
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    Civic networking in the United States: A report by Columbia University students (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 4 (1994), S. 52-62 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: During the 1994 spring semester, twelve students, enrolled in ColumbiaUniversity's graduate program in public policy and administration andexplored the new phenomenon of civic networking for a workshop inapplied public policy analysis. Each workshop is required to besponsored by a governmental client, which in this case was the USNational Commission on Libraries and Information Science. The commissionwas interested in ascertaining the range of activities sponsored by thenetworks and in determining their involvement or lack of involvementwith local public libraries. Participating in this project wererepresentatives of twenty-four civic networks, who answered telephonequeries covering a range of topics dealing with network services, users,goals, funding, governance, technical design, social benefits,government information provision, evaluation, and definition. This papersummarizes the findings of the students' investigation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662249410798948
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  • 28
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    Matching Appropriate Pricing Strategy with Markets and Objectives (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 15-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Standard approaches to price decisions are normally illustrated asstep-by-step developments that try to group pricing issues loosely intosome format. These current approaches do not emphasize the interactionof consumer characteristics with the competitive environment of eachmarket. Describes a modified version of the Tellis Price Strategy Matrixto enable coordinated market issues and company strategies by directingemphasis on pricing issues and techniques that are appropriate andeffective, given the consumers' (or segment's) as well as the company'sobjectives, as constrained by the competitive nature of the product'smarket. By using this type of matrix as a guide, product managers canquickly evaluate the appropriate issues of concern for a given pricingdecision and then progress toward a pricing decision with moreconfidence.
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    Commentary: Securing the Future of Your Brand (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 42-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Offers two new practical mechanisms on how best to ensure a brand'sfuture viability: developing a key brand insurance strategy andmeasuring return on brand investments (ROBI). A key brand insurancestrategy is a defensive strategy companies should use to help combat anumber of threats a brand may face over its lifetime. This strategyallows companies to take a proactive, not reactive, stance. Measuringreturn on brand investment gives companies a simple formula for chartingtheir brand's success internally and externally. ROBI forces companiesto look regularly at their brand from several different perspectives.These two tools will ultimately help to strengthen the future of thebrand.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610429410061906
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    Commentary: Brand Marketing the First Private National Commercial TV Station in Central Europel (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 37-41 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes how, three years after the fall of the communist government inCzechoslovakia, NOVA, the first privately owned commercial televisionstation in Central Europe began broadcasting throughout the recentlyformed Czech Republic. The primary challenge was to position the newstation successfully as a clearly differentiated brand in a market whichhad never previously experienced television as anything other than agovernment-controlled commodity. The station's management sought toestablish itself with the Czech television audience as the nation'sbroadcast brand of choice by utilizing substantial numbers of Hollywoodhit motion pictures and popular US television series, as well aspresenting news shows which were significantly more irreverent andindependent than the competing government-sponsored stations. Prior tolaunch, the station management executed the most intense nationaladvertising and promotion campaign ever utilized to promote a mediaproduct in the Czech Republic.
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    Innovator Buying Behavior Over Time:: The Innovator Buying Cycle and the Cumulative Effects of Innovations (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 50-62 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Earlier research on this topic focussed on the adoption of an innovationin isolation from other innovations. Analyzes the cumulative effects ofearlier innovations on the adoption of future innovations in the sameproduct class. It is proposed that innovators move through a series ofstages, the innovator buying cycle, driven by an internal dynamic.
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    Commentary: Gift Packaging in Duty-free Markets - Environmentalism and Brand Equity (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 5-7 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As the European Union issues Directives to standardize measures taken byindividual member states to reduce environmental waste in the process ofpackaging, examines the marketing of branded spirits in Europeanduty-free situations in order to determine whether consumers face aconflict between purchasing on the basis of environmental issues or the"giftability" of the product. Found that customers were more motivated byprice and brand loyalty than on packaging or green issues.
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    The Diffusion of an Innovation in Indonesia (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 19-26 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Traces the diffusion of palm oil by a joint venture company in Indonesiaduring the early 1980s. The diffusion framework provided by E.M. Rogersis examined in this context. The author relates his personalobservations over the course of two years and arrives at certainconclusions. In keeping with Rogers' framework, characteristics of theinnovation and change agent effort were critical in the diffusion.However, Rogers' two-step model of diffusion was not relevant in thiscase. A one-step model of diffusion is recommended for the marketing ofindustrial products where knowledge of the innovation is considered tobe proprietary information and is not spread through interpersonalnetworks.
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    The Exclusive Value Principle - A Concept for Marketing (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 8-18 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Codifies a unique marketing and valuation principle: the exclusive valueprinciple (EVP). This principle relates value creation to "psychicspace". Psychic needs can create enormous margins and other benefits.One can influence price/demand as well a create, stimulate, or helpdefine a need for a customer. Attractive margins result from psychicneeds as opposed to pure utility fulfilment. Focuses on psychic needsand relationships to price, margins, risk, value. Provides an overviewof psychic dimensions and a multidimensional characterization ofutility-psychic space. Principles and perspectives offered are useful inidentifying evaluating, targeting and focussing marketing strategy,plans and in product/service design and delivery of customer needs.Recognition of special factors related to psychological dimensions arecritical in matching products and services to needs and are fundamentalto delivering products and services in the exclusive value category thatoffer unusual opportunities for profit. Relates the principle tomargins, risk assessment, and the opportunity to garner attractiveeconomic profits. Gives overview of factors that give rise to psychicneeds, needs satisfaction, and opportunities for market exploitation.Discusses factors that affect the application of the EVP. Givesguidelines useful to determine if the EVP will be of value to your firm.
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    Managing Beauty - Products and People (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 27-38 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Uses a qualitative research method (depth interviews) to examine themultidimensionality of beauty and then uses a quantitative researchtechnique (factor analysis) to propose a scale to measure beauty. Basedon the results from these procedures, concludes that beauty is certainlymore than skin deep. Physical attractiveness may be the initialcriterion on which people evaluate beauty but the evidence indicatesthat values, habits, personality, and behavior are the "soul? of beauty– essential ingredients in the creation of a truly beautiful person.
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    Product Development with a New Technology:: Lessons from the America's Cup (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 39-50 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The 1992 America's Cup featured 12 competitors from ten countriessailing high technology boats at an early stage of development. Thecontest provides a dynamic model of patterns of international hightechnology competition. Utilizes the America's Cup campaign as a casestudy to illustrate lessons for product design in early stages oftechnological development in international arenas.
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    Faculty Internships:: A Means to Bridge the Academician/Practitioner Gap (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 15-30 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Faculty internships in business organizations are becoming a popularmeans to satisfy the criticism that too many business professors lackrecent, relevant experience. Offers encouragement to, and reasons for,marketing educators and business people to consider seriously facultyinternships as a means to bridge the gulf between marketing educationand business practice. Discusses how faculty internships should bestructured and implemented and the advantages, as well as problems, ofinternships for academic institutions, firms, professors and students.Uses the author's recent experience as a faculty intern in a well-knownpackage goods company as an example and discusses lessons learned fromthe experience. Provides observations on differences between thecollege world and the corporate world.
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    Do Unmentionable Products Still Exist?: An Empirical Investigation (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 5-14 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Unmentionable products are those that are considered to be offensive,embarrassing, harmful, socially unacceptable, or controversial to somesignificant segment of the population. Examples of these productsinclude personal hygiene products, cigarettes, and even fur coats.Describes empirical research, based on a cross-sectional survey of 248subjects, which provides a taxonomy of these products. Objectives ofthe research were to determine if unmentionable products still exist;and to assist brand marketers with market strategies. Two key factorswere found to group unmentionable products together: level ofcontroversy/harm; and level of communication. There were two groups ofunmentionable products based on this classification:controversial/harmful and public communication; and beneficial andprivate communication. Certain products were not unmentionable.Managerial implications include careful target market segmentation,particularly for controversial/public products. For beneficial privateproducts, high quality and accurate information is critical.Unmentionable products still exist after 14 years, and both the conceptitself and the determining factors are timeless, even though specificproducts will change over time.
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    Patents: A Managerial Perspective (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 44-54 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Patent law is a topic that seems to frighten many managers, who seem tohave largely abdicated the topic to engineers and attorneys. Presents anoverview and analysis of patents to help educate managers on this topic.Discusses patent application, patent strategy, patents and the marketingmix, and patent control.
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    Commentary: Marketing Research Pitfalls in Product Development (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 66-69 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the product development process, marketing research is often usedinappropriately. To be useful, marketing research must be focussed onquestions to which the answers improve decision making; and marketersshould realize that marketing research may do more harm than good whenprospective customers do not yet know what they want, which is often thecase. Furthermore, too many companies waste time and money inquiringinto customer needs and wants and product performance criteria that areperfectly obvious.
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    Product Piracy:: The Problem that Will not Go Away (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 55-65 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The phenomenon of product piracy, when examined against differentcultural, social and developmental needs, may result in a moderation oftraditional moral judgments that have tended to deprecate piracy atevery conceivable opportunity. Outlines the magnitude of product piracy,notably in the Asian region, presents a delineation of the relevantterminology, discusses strategies used in preventing product piracy andexamines alternative views on the ethics of the practice.
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    Branding Food Endorsement Programs:: The National Heart Foundation of Australia (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 3 (1994), S. 31-43 
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    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews the Australian National Heart Foundation's "Pick the Tick" foodendorsement program. The program is seen by the Foundation as part ofits mission to promote the kind of healthy living that is conducive toimproving the heart health of all Australians and reducing disabilityand premature death from heart and blood vessel disease. In this articlethe program is not evaluated in those terms but in terms of what isrequired for a successful brand in a marketplace. The program is shownto possess the attributes associated with a successful brand. As such itdemonstrates that promotion programs themselves can be branded. Alsodemonstrates an interesting extension of marketing techniques developedfor soap and subsequently extended to most product types, to the fieldof social marketing by a not-for-profit organization and specifically tothe promotion of an important aspect of public health.
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    Situating Learning in the Workplace - Having Another Look at Apprenticeships (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 9-16 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the acquisition of vocational skills throughapprenticeship-type situated learning. Presents findings from studies ofskilled workers revealing that learning processes that were consonantwith the apprenticeship model of learning were highly valued as a meansof acquiring and maintaining vocational skills. Supported by currentresearch and theorizing, describes some conditions by which situatedlearning through apprenticeship can be utilized to develop vocationalskills. These conditixons include the nature of the activities learnersengage in, the agency of the learning environment and mentoring role ofexperts. Addresses conditions which may inhibit the effectiveness of anapprenticeship approach to learning. Concludes by suggesting thatsituated approaches to learning, such as the apprenticeship model, mayaddress problems of access to effective vocational skill developmentwithin the workforces.
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    A Model for Designing Objective-oriented Training Evaluations (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 3-9 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Suggests that course evaluations are an often overlooked part oftraining, and that instructional designers and other HRD professionalsoften choose to use standardized forms in an attempt to obtain feedbackon how well a course was presented and received. Points out that, thoughstandardized evaluations present some value, they do not provide thelevels of detailed information required to measure - quantitatively aswell as qualitatively - the overall success of the programme. Presents amodel which emphasizes development of course evaluations linked to theobjectives the training is designed to attain. Discusses competence - aswell as behaviourally based objectives - along with the need to makeobjectives realistic and attainable. Concludes by highlighting thenecessity to use custom-designed evaluations, tied to course objectivesas a means not only for measuring functional and/or behaviouralimprovements but also as a means for modifying the course as futureneeds arise.
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    New Managerial Thinking: Factors Affecting Training and Development at Work (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 28-32 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the new managerial model of the 1970s and 1980s whichemphasizes flatter, flexible, less bureaucratic organizations, withincreased employee awareness through training and development, andsuggests that actual research reveals frustration and opposition tothese ideas from trainees and employees. Problems in transferring to thenew model include the cultural difference between the UK and theoriginating country, Japan; a rejection of the accompanying evangelicallanguage of America; the implication that those who oppose change aremerely lacking in "faith"; a bureaucratic paradox, or the discrepancy,between claims and actual experience; and the selling of the modelwithin a "prescriptive consultancy" framework.
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    Stop the Organization - I Want to Change It! Part 2 (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 15-21 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes and reviews one major initiative within the context of aten-year organization development strategy. Outlines the key stepsinvolved in extending a performance management and planning process toover 600 supervisory and clinical staff. Indicates that high levels ofexternal uncertainty and change can have a disabling effect on seniormanagers. This effect also has implications on the ability and scope formiddle managers to play a direct and active role in the changeinterventions. A key lesson is the need to continually support managersto work with their own staff to help the new systems to be understoodand to operate them effectively. The final section reviews the mainlessons and how previous work will act as a foundation for ongoinginitiatives based on principles which are consistent with the originalOD strategy.
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    Developing and Measuring the Learning Organization: From Buzz Words to Behaviours (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 10-15 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Definitions, development and measurement must be applied to the conceptof the learning organization to move it towards implementation. Manydefinitions have captured the essence of the learning organization but,until the characteristics or "attributes" are defined, it will remaindifficult to move the concept forward, because it is the definition ofthese attributes that allows an examination of the behaviours which willeither encourage or inhibit organizational learning. These behaviourscan be measured using behaviourally anchored rating scales whichindicate strengths and weaknesses which can be improved through action.
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    Management Development That Delivers (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 11-16 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes an approach to management development which makes it easierfor trainers to demonstrate how they add value in their organizations.The approach focuses on the real needs and issues of the peopleattending and encourages them to take action in ways that have animmediate pay-off for them and their organizations. Describes a typicalintervention which has been carried out in a wide variety oforganizations during the past ten years. This comprises a two-partworkshop with further work carried out before and after the workshops.Some of the processes involved during the workshops are described indetail, and common issues that have emerged for managers, such asdealing with feelings, and getting and giving support, are explored.Addresses the implications for trainers and the organization of usingthis approach and concludes that it is only by focusing on the realday-to-day problems of managers that trainers can demonstrate that theyadd value.
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    The Development, Implementation and Evaluation of a Mentoring Scheme (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 16-23 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Argues that, although the move away from traditional qualificationstowards vocational learning programmes led to UK studies which havefocused on a re-examining of the roles that are necessary in support ofthe learner, there has been, however, an absence of a thorough analysisof the role of the "mentor". Seeks to redress this by using an actionresearch methodology to record the establishment of a mentoring supportscheme for the Institute of Management Certificate in Management. Thishas developed seven key elements of competence for mentors involved insuch programmes, which have aided the development of selection andtraining programmes. Responses from 72 NVC candidates to these elementshave been surveyed and all were related between "important" and "veryimportant". Concludes that the results should be viewed in the light ofthe limitations of the instrument as a single source of information, andtherefore further research should be undertaken.
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    New Developments in Team Building (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 17-22 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Work teams are viewed by today's businesses as a new frontier to beexplored. The effect that teams can have has been demonstrated by thetremendous quality improvement of the post-World War II Japaneseproducts. Japan has set the example for the development of work teamsthroughout the world. Discusses eight characteristics which are:participatory leadership; shared responsibility; definition of purpose;high communication; focused future; focused tasks; creative talents; andrapid response. Teams of the present and future will have a tremendouseffect on how the businesses of today and tomorrow will be run. Theideal manager will no longer be an omnipotent executive but afacilitator, counsellor and co-ordinator of the development of employeecompetence. As a result, employee satisfaction may reach an all-timehigh.
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    Building an Organization that Survived and Grew in Difficult Times (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 18-22 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Takes a broad look at the major global trends affecting businesses andpeople who work in them. Proposes in some detail how business leaderswill need to respond if their enterprises are to flourish and grow.Written for business leaders and developers, suggests that survival andhealth depends on discerning these inexorable trends and wisely workingwith rather than against them. Takes the form of a fictitious chiefexecutive looking back from 2004 on the ideas he developed ten yearsearlier and his organization's struggle, ultimately successful, throughdifficult times.
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    Technology Transfer and Human Resource Development (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 17-21 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Defines technology transfer in the macroeconomic sense and highlightsthree factors which must be taken into account, namely contrast,similarity and compatibility. Advises examination of social and economiccosts before embarking on such a project. Identifies human resources asthe most important element of technology transfer, as it influences boththe acquisition and integration of new technology. Provides afive-stage transfer plan and explains how to overcome problems withstaff mentality and "short circuits" in the thought process.
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    Why IT Applications Succeed or Fail: The Interaction of Technical and Organizational Factors (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 10-15 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports on the reasons for failure in IT applications. Looks at typicalcases of failure and defines success factors. Concludes that a range ofhuman and technical factors interplay together, to produce projectfailure. Offers general guidance for project success, with emphasis onmanagement and management style.
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    The Learning Company 2004 (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 6-8 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses changes in individual learning capacity during the ten yearsup to 2004, including tree of knowledge (TOK) briefcases; cyborgtechnology; remodelling knowledgework; the flexible individual; andtechneurology. Also discusses changes in organizational learningincluding dispersal of schools and universities; headquarters toconferential organizations; the fabricated organization; changes ininformation systems; and the shift in power.
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    The Way We Were to the Way We Are (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 9-14 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: What issues will the HR function be facing over the next decade?Presents a quarterly meeting of the policy group of the HR Division ofEuropean Institute of Management in the year 2004. The members attendinglook back over the last decade, 1994 to 2004, focusing on theinternational dimensions, changes in the HR role, changes in the role ofthe manager, and what impact changes related to values and beliefs,teamworking and empowerment, quality and standards and performancemanagement systems have made on organizations.
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    Consultancy Reflections on the Impact of Groupware (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 26-32 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Looks back at developments in the European business environment over thelast ten years. Details some of the rapid changes, e.g. in use ofelectronic information systems. Also describes the introduction ofadvanced groupware systems and the differences in application acrossnational boundaries. Considers the issues of human relationships andcultural change which underlie many of these differences.
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    Whole-brain Project Management for All (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 22-31 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines project management and project work, and the tools andtechniques used. Claims these tools and techniques have largely failedto deliver. Details Herrmann's framework for testing individuals'preferred ways and modes of thinking in order to forecast their likelybehaviours and attitudes. Argues that this projection can lead to abetter understanding between professionals and occupations.
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    Reflections of Two Pragmatists: A Critique of Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 16-20 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Contains a critique of Honey and Mumford's learning style theory, whilerecognizing its pioneering achievements. Questions what Honey andMumford mean by learning and experience and explores the validity ofviewing experience as the primary "motor" of learning. Raises doubts aboutthe sequence of the learning cycle as depicted by Honey and Mumford.Asks: Does the learning styles questionnaire meaningfully measurelearning preferences or is it more accurately a personalityquestionnaire? What do certain questionnaire scores mean, e.g. lowscores across the spectrum? Do not certain subjects and situationsprescribe the learning approach regardless of one's preference?
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    Reflections of Two Pragmatists: A Response (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 21-22 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A response to the critique.
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    ICL Learning about Self-managed Learning (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 8-10 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Three consultants in ICL's corporate HRD unit speak from theirexperience of self-managed learning. They ask "Can self-developmentprovide people with sufficient confidence in their own future toengender a positive attitude to corporate change?" Three key points areillustrated with examples taken from their own experience in ICL:develop yourself to develop others; help others learn the values ofself-managed learning - don't tell them; be flexible at all times,including the design of solutions. Concludes that self development has alot to offer - real, relevant, individual development dovetailed into thebusiness needs of the developing organization. There is still much tolearn, but their experience in ICL is positive and encouraging. Theybelieve it is right for these "empowering" times, and can indeed helppeople develop sufficient confidence in their own future to engender apositive attitude towards the inevitable and essential corporate change.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00197859410058139
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    Academia - Industry Fusion: Action Learning for Teaching Enterprise (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 28-32 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There are many works by academics and practitioners on the need to finda sybmiotic relationship between academia and industry in the field ofmanagement development. One significant trend is "action learning" orlearning by doing. Describes initiatives pioneered by several learninginstitutions where managers learn in the workplace. Analyses totallearning for quality management as consisting of two modes of learning,maintenance learning (programmed knowledge) and innovative learning orquestioning insight.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00197859410058184
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    A "Thinking" Programme for Senior Managers (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 3-9 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Outlines a management development programme introduced by the managingdirector of Burmah Petroleum Fuels Ltd, the overall objective being totarget the thinking processes of the participants. Gives the progress ofthe programme to date and provides a summary of the outcomes withcomments from the authors and others involved in the programme.
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    Responding to Competence Requirements with Relevant and Effective Training and Development Programmes (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 24-31 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: British Nuclear Fuels plc, an organization employing around 15,000people, entered the 1990s facing change on a number of business fronts,precipitated by the privatization of the UK electricity industry, themove from cost plus to fixed price contracts and the need to becomeglobally competitive. This meant different needs in terms of ways ofworking and in the competences required by managers and staff at alllevels, which, in turn, changed the emphasis in terms of training anddevelopment so that it became targeted and cost-effective. Differentpractices at shopfloor level demanded new styles of supervision and teamworking. Describes three of the main initiatives in support of thisprogramme of change: the introduction of additional skilling andteamworking at the Springfields Works near Preston; the systematicprocess of "personal development" introduced for staff company-wide; andthe assessment and development approach initiated for senior managers.
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    Small Firms' Training: The Reluctance Prevails (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial and commercial training 26 (1994), S. 28-30 
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    ISSN: 0019-7858
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: During the period 1990-94 a survey of small firms' attitudes to trainingwas undertaken in south coast Hampshire. Key personnel in a sample of 48firms with up to 100 staff were all interviewed. The results revealedthat effective training was not high on the agenda of priorities.Training awareness far exceeded the application. Training was regardedas an expense rather than an investment. The smaller firm's persistentneglect of this area of management could prove to be one of the majorproblems of the late 1990s.
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    Cholesterol: A Current Perspective (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 8-11 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The health problem commonly associated with consuming a diet rich incholesterol - what is generally termed atherosclerosis - is widespread inthe Western world and the single most prevalent cause of death. Publicawareness about cholesterol is, however, patchy owing to conflicting andconfusing information in the media. Attempts to give an understandingabout chemical composition, the mode of presence, metabolism, and othergeneral current information and practices about cholesterol and how itmay be controlled to maintain safe levels in the body.
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    Nutrition Research at South Bank University (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 24-26 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Looks at the funding of research projects, with special reference tonutrition research, at South Bank University, and recent developments inpostgraduate activity in this field, emphasizing particularly the valueof team work. Further projects are under way and collaboration withexternal organizations is sedulously fostered. Examines also theconsultancy opportunities, which have enabled researchers to financeextras like computers. All this clearly portends a bright future for thenutrition initiative.
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    Healthy Dim Sum (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 15-17 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reviews the Chinese dish, dim sum, in the light of healthy eatingrecommendations, especially cooking methods, use of ingredients and thefat and sugar intake. Notes in conclusion that, with over 100 varietiesof dim sum, many modifications are still required.
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    New Technologies in Food Preservation and Processing: Part II (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 20-23 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The exploitation of new technologies and effective technology transferare vital ingredients for the long-term competitiveness of allorganizations. When referring to developments in food technologies, theuse of the term "new" will mainly be in the context of new to the userrather than new to science. Provides a brief overview of some of therecently established processes such as ohmic heating, microwavesterilization and novel methods to decontaminate herbs and spices, whichare starting to have an impact on the food industry. Highlightsdevelopments in emerging technologies and discusses the implications ofhigh pressure, ultrasound, electric field and intense light treatmentstogether with novel slicing techniques with regard to their potentialfor food processing in the next century.
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    Dietary Advice for African-Caribbean People with Diabetes (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 33-36 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The prevalence of diabetes in the African-Caribbean community appears tobe 2.2 per cent. Discusses the main dietary recommendations for diabetesand outlines meal patterns but carefully states that generalizationscannot be made and individuals vary considerably in their eating habits.Gives practical dietary advice. The main guidelines are: encouragetraditional foods; modify cooking methods; reduce intake of cheap, fattycuts of meat; eat more traditional dishes which include beans andlentils; eat fewer sugar-rich Caribbean specialities and remove excesssalt from commonly consumed saltfish. Further information is availablefrom the British Diabetic Association.
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    Factors that Affect Food Choice (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 15-17 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Calls to adopt a healthier diet are a key part of current healthpolicies. Argues, however, that what people eat is more than a matter ofnutritional value. While economic constraints are vital in determiningfood choice, we need also to take account of the social and culturalmeanings of food and eating. Food is an important marker of identity atmany different levels: national, regional, familial and individual. Forthe individual, gender, class and ethnicity also define the parameterswithin which choices are made. Popular concepts about what is healthy orgood are similarly important. While health policies tell people whatthey should eat, any attempt to change people's diet requires anunderstanding of these complex factors that govern food choice.
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    The Chemistry of Flour and Bread (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 22-24 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Concentrates on the type and importance of flour proteins by discussingtheir structure and evaluating their function in bread making. Intendsto introduce the reader to some of the complex interactions which takeplace during the preparation of bread by discussing some of the chemicaland physical changes which are involved in bread making. Examines thecomposition of wheat flour and discusses an explanation of itssuitability as a bread-making flour. Emphasizes the importance ofprotein type in flour and how these proteins can be identified in flour.Explains the development of the gluten network, essential for theproduction of bread.
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    What Do 14 to 16-year-olds Know and Think about Biotechnology? (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 29-32 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The knowledge and attitudes of GCSE students towards biotechnology andgenetic engineering were investigated in a survey of 118 14 to16-year-old students. One-third of the sample did not know whatbiotechnology or genetic engineering was, and nearly half the samplecould not give examples of either. Student attitudes werecontext-dependent: there was broad approval of genetic engineeringapplied to microbes and plants but not of its application to animals.There were high levels of uncertainty of opinion where eating theproducts of genetic engineering was concerned. Teaching about thesetopics led to decreased uncertainty and enhanced approval of geneticengineering.
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    Food Industry Responses to the Health of the Nation (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 13-14 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses the Eat Well Action Plan, devised by the Nutrition Task Force,which was published in 1994, to help achieve the Health of the Nation'stargets on diet and health. The food industry is encouraged to undertakea "fat audit" of all products to identify the opportunities for fatreductions. In addition increased usage of fruits, vegetables andstarchy staples, a move to full nutrition labelling, and marketingpractices conducive to healthy food choices are also important. Emphasisis placed on a total diet approach to enjoyable eating and drinking,involving balance, taste, variety and moderation within a healthy,active lifestyle.
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    Nutrition and Health Issues: Expert Opinion - in Harmony or Disagreement? (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 23-28 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The media often portrays nutritional opinions to be in disagreement inrelation to the links between diet and health. As part of a largersponsored study, the authors had the opportunity to question, in astructured way, leading experts in the field of nutrition and health.Gives an analysis of the results, which revealed that experts werelargely in agreement over the basic issues, with only peripheral areasshowing a measure of controversy.
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    The National Food Guide: The Tilted Plate Performs Best, but What Do the Health Educators Think? (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 5-8 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: As part of its research into a National Food Guide (NFG) for the UK, theHealth Education Authority reveals an experimental methodology intoconsumers' understanding and recall of food-for-health information whenpresented in different ways, as well as a qualitative approach to assessconsumer preferences for the format and title of the guide. A parallel,smaller study was undertaken involving health educators. Describes thefindings of these studies and finds that the views of consumers andprofessionals are different in a variety of respects. Concludes with thehope that "The National Food Guide - The Balance of Good Health" will bewelcomed by health and nutrition educators and will help reducemisinformation and misunderstanding among consumers.
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    Chemistry in the Kitchen - Fruit and Vegetables 1 (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 25-28 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigates the factors which determine the quality attribute oftexture. Discusses the contribution the various types of plant cellsmake to the texture of fruit and vegetables and analyses in more detailindividual plant cells and their characteristics which contribute totexture. Emphasizes the importance to texture of the chemical compositessuch as the concentration and types of macromolecules in the plant cellwall and the water bound to these polymers. Looks at factors influencingthe texture of fruit and vegetables after harvesting, such as storageand cooking, in terms of the chemical and physical changes which occur.
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    Children's Perceptions of Sweets in Their Food Culture:: Comparisons between England and Germany (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 10-15 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A survey of 259 primary school children in England and Germany ofvarying social background was performed to assess the children'sattitudes to sweet consumption and particularly to their perception (howthey make sense of information they receive) of sweets in their foodculture. There were highly significant differences in the children'sattitudes to sweet consumption between the two cultures with morechildren in Germany saying we should eat more (30 per cent) comparedwith those in England (7 per cent). Children's perceptions of sweetsalso differed significantly between cultures. These differences inattitude and perception of sweets, particularly chocolate, between thetwo cultures imply differences in educational and other influences onthe children in their early (primary) years.
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    Iron Deficiency - A Concern for Infants of the 1990s (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 94 (1994), S. 24-25 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses the situation in Britain of iron deficiency among children andpresents several causes for this. Suggests ideas for parents to helpavoid iron deficiency in their children. Presents results of a study,and sources for further information.
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    Downsizing to Improve Strategic Position (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 4-11 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Planned large scale reductions in head-count, or down-sizing, havebecome commonplace in many industries worldwide. In practice manydownsizings fail to achieve desired long-term results. Presents resultsof a survey among large Canadian firms which suggests some reasons.Examination of strategic management of downsizing reveals weaknesses ofboth planning and implementation. Effective management of humanresources is a prerequisite but failures often arise from inattention toother important aspects of organizational change. Suggests that awell-thought-out strategy should be accompanied by process innovation,business re-engineering and organizational learning.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410050624
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    Sudden Lost Meaning: A Catastrophe? (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 15-19 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Employees communicate more easily and are more committed to theorganization when beliefs and values are shared. Explores the phenomenonof sudden "lost meaning" - a situation in which individuals who stronglyshare the organization's culture appear suddenly to cease to identifywith the meanings and values to which they once strongly ascribed.Discovers two variables through examination of motivation theory.Proposes that these variables provide insight into sudden lost meaningand, consequently, suggest a framework for managerial behaviour.
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    Forecasting: Trials and Tribulations (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 33-36 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The function which managers most despise is the art of forecasting. Byits very nature it concerns guessing the outcome of future events. Nomatter how sophisticated computer-driven techniques and programs areevolved, the future has inherently within it events beyond the controlof managers. Reviews forecasting and provides several recommendations onhow one could go about minimizing biases within the forecasting process.
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    Forecasting: The Key to Managerial Decision Making (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 41-49 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The successful businesses of the future are being created today byindividuals and teams in tune with fast-moving technologies, new marketsand changing lifestyles. New disciplines have sprung up, new professionsare born and new skills are in demand. There is a need to blend the newskills with those of the older professions. Many business decisionsinvolve forecasting. In recent years its scope has expanded well beyondtechnical aspects. Addresses a broader set of managerial concernsthrough down-to-earth descriptions of forecasting, its advantages andlimitations, and its role in the managerial decision-making process.Uses a case study to demonstrate the application of a forecastingmethod.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410050697
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    Streamline Your Plan Process (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 41-48 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: To meet complex global challenges, executives face key challenges to seteffective strategic visions. Too often the long-term plan itself becomesa lengthy process, thus delaying reaching tangible results. Executivescan get bogged down co-ordinating a plan for many diverse parts andfunctions of their company. For example, linking a focused missionstatement to broad environmental or market perspectives is a majorchallenge to putting together a coherent plan; or the effects of naturalreiterations in the process are overlooked. Recommends several key waysto improve and quicken companies' strategic efforts, including: firsthighlight what is truly new within the business environment; involve avariety of functional experts, while targeting their efforts; use lessthan six core analyses; collapse the time to complete a plan, i.e.within two months. Benefits include saving time, communicating a clearerstrategic vision, avoiding hidden bias, focusing better on priorities,and getting results sooner.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410054800
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    Will the EU Legislation Affect Retail Pharmacies? (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 4-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Focuses on retail pharmacy in the UK. Current concerns are identified,as is the general trajectory of European Union policy in this area.Consideration is given to the role played by individual pharmacists inprimary health care within the NHS. Considers the potential fordifferential impact of the European Union proposals and draws attentionto possible competitive consequences.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057320
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    A Case Study in Market Entry - Episode (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A study in the retail market entry strategy of a major UK manufacturerwhich highlights the difficulties of forward vertical integration,conflict with other retail customers, and heralds a completerestructuring of the company, as the joint venture in retailing takestime and capital to establish.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057410
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    Miller Beer (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 25-28 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Miller Brewing Company (USA) is the second biggest world beer producer.In autumn 1991 it signed an agreement with the Italian food broker,"Eurofood", to distribute Miller High Life, leader in the Americanmarket of low-alcoholic beer. The Italian beer market has reached thematurity phase: in 1991 the sales decreased by 1.4 per cent. Importsseem not to respect the rule. The Italian beer market is significantlydifferent from the other European countries as far as the alimentarystyles are concerned and the competition between producers. Themarketing junior assistant has to define a marketing plan that shouldlet Eurofood reach four million bottles of sales in the mescita channel(restaurants, pubs, etc.) by maintaining the main features of theproduct and the 10 per cent of gross profit.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057357
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    Marks & Spencer –: "Britain's Leading Retailer: Quality and Value Worldwide" (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 38-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The Marks & Spencer case is concerned with the development of the UK'sleading retailer of food and fashion in international markets. Keyissues in the process are: (1) the question of the choice of marketentry strategies, what strategic routes are available to retailorganizations in entering new markets and the extent of strategic fitbetween acquired companies and the UK business; (2) the development of aretailer brand as an international brand. Significant differences existbetween the development of a retailer brand and that of the developmentof a manufacturer brand in international markets.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057384
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    The Real Strategic Issues versus Organizational Bureaucracy and Administrative Neatness (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 5-8 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Accuses management of repeatedly substituting bureaucracy and complexreporting and control systems for the things that really matter tocompetitive success. It is claimed that all too often the implementationof strategies is not simply ineffectual, it is positively damaging toorganizations. Short cases in the areas of quality management, customersatisfaction management, and personal appraisal and development systemsare given to support this argument. Concludes with a list of symptoms ofthis problem and appropriate managerial responses.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410058617
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    Intelligent Computer Models for Marketing Decisions (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 30-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes work carried out at Cardiff Business School, University ofWales, to investigate the scope for applying Artificial Intelligence(AI) techniques in the field of management. The main thrust of the workso far has been oriented towards marketing decisions, but theimplications extend to decision making in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410058653
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    The Extended Manufacturing Enterprise Paradigm (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 42-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Models able to describe state of the art practice are fundamental tounderstanding the manufacturing phenomenon. A study of innovativecurrent practices enables us to foresee the emergence of a newmanufacturing paradigm: the Extended Enterprise. This arises from theneed to satisfy customers who are increasingly demanding tailoredproducts with world class capability in every functional aspect. TheExtended Enterprise is made both possible and viable by the progressmade in manufacturing processes and information technology. It demandsthe development of a new management philosophy and particularly neworganizational structures. Presents a reference model for the ExtendedEnterprise, and compares the characteristics of this paradigm againstthe Mass and Lean manufacturing philosophies. Describes the results of astudy that analyses the development of co-operation mechanisms in theaerospace industry.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410069453
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    New Developments in Developing Self-Directed Work Groups (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 57-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the past decade there has been a movement towards "employeeempowerment". Employee/management teams have played an integral part inthis change. Recently, the idea of the self-directed work group hasemerged, giving groups of employees both the responsibility over aparticular area or function of the business, as well as authority tomake decisions and implement solutions in that area. Large productivityincreases, high morale, and increased employee commitment are some ofthe benefits of these groups, but all is not positive. Argues thatcompanies wanting to switch to self-directed work groups must beprepared thoroughly for the changes that will lie ahead. There are anumber of areas which, if focused on now, will minimize the difficultiesthat can result before and after the process of change has begun. Theycan be categorized into three topics: preparing the organization(including top management attitudes, organizational structure,compensation systems, and employee-retention strategies), preparingmanagement (including attitudes, skills training, and vocabularychanges), and preparing employees (including attitudes, communicationand group skills-training, and job cross-training).
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410069471
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    Rightsizing: The Strategic Human Resource Management Challenge of the 1990s (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 5-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Argues that, before rightsizing is considered, human resource managementmust establish the appropriate human resource plan to give theorganization the edge it needs to minimize the upheaval caused byrightsizing and to remain competitive. Rightsizing is inevitablyaccompanied by changes in the fundamental relationship between theorganization and its workforce. Strategic human resource managers oftoday must comprehend valuable lessons from the past recessional timesto remain organizationally lean and to cultivate resolutions to employeeproblems that are more creative than cash payoffs. Whatever thesituation, staff reduction is always difficult, especially in industrieswhere stability and security of employment has been the custom. Tosurvive, managers must not ignore the important factors relating topeople management. To deal with these issues managers should avoidcertain actions when corporate restructuring becomes necessary. Forexample, unrealistic promises should not be made and action should notbe postponed in anticipation of improvements in the environment. To helpwith motivating the remaining employees, managers also need to knowprecisely what the new corporate strategy actually entails and why thechanges are being made. A truthful and constant flow of information fromtop management can minimize the damage that could be caused by rumoursand allow employees to concentrate on their main tasks. A major functionof human resource management during transitional organizational movementis to support and advise managers in order to reduce complications anddisturbances to the organization.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071568
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    Expansionary Processes of the Small Business: A Life Cycle Profile (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 43-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Based on a survey of small businesses, confirms the life cycle model ofgrowth and progression. Knowledge of the life cycle stages can assistmanagement in anticipating and capitalizing on changes which every smallbusiness must face. The majority of small business respondents were inthe expansion/growth stage of development. The study also confirmed themajor components found within this development stage: ownership,activity of sales; market share; capital assets/equipment; andfinancing. Advice from outside sources, in particular from accountantsand/or CPAs, was also found to support an increase in small businesssales.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071621
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    A Longitudinal Study of the United Kingdom 1500-1900: The Rise and Fall of Innovative Leadership (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 50-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Before 1500 Britain was not considered a major European power. Threehundred years later Britain led the way for the Industrial Revolutionand held sway economically and militarily during the nineteenth century.The twentieth century saw the United Kingdom lose her empire, hermilitary leadership and, most of all, her capacity to lead the world intechnological innovations. What were the circumstances which firstthrust England into world leadership and then led her into technologicaldecline? Examines the rise and fall in a sociocultural context andattempts to generalize the results into a modern context to understandbetter the innovation phenomenon.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071649
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    Communication Network Analysis and Dysfunctional Organizational Coalition (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews theory on coalition formation and what it might mean to amanager in an organization. Defines coalition, for the purpose of thediscussion, as a means-oriented alliance among groups or individuals whodiffer in goals. Proposes that a theoretic understanding of coalitions,coupled with communications network analysis, would be a useful tool fordiscerning particular types of organizational coalitions and a guide towho might coalesce with whom for a detrimental result.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000003895
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    A Human Resource Philosophy (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 37-42 
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    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: By subjugating the judgement of its managers to systems, or to the egoof a Messianic MD, modern organizations squeeze out the very humanqualities for which they are paying. Argues for greater emphasis onvalue management, with top people demonstrating the ethics which theyespouse. Gives examples of behaviour which arises when there is no clearmoral lead. Organizational effectiveness suffers when we ask people toaccept from the corporation a set of values which would not be toleratedin individuals. Suggests what might be done to correct the situation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071612
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    HRM: A Key to Competitiveness (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 10-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the increasingly competitive global economic environment,organizations are searching for strategies and practices that will givethem an edge. Describes some HRM practices that are used infrequently,but which may enhance organizational effectiveness. A good deal ofempirical literature has demonstrated that the use of these practicescan increase employee levels of performance, and recent research,conducted by the author, found that firms which employ these HRMpractices are more profitable than those which do not.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071577
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    Incorporating Risk into Capital Budgeting Decisions Using Simulation (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 20-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Monte Carlo simulation is one of a number of analytical techniquesavailable to enable managers to assess the risks surrounding capitalbudgeting decisions. Although it is covered in most texts on financialmanagement, surveys have for many years pointed to only limited use ofthe technique by practising managers making decisions about investmentprojects. Describes and analyses a simulation model utilizing facilitiesavailable to most managers. The model uses a macro to automate thesimulation process and generate a frequency distribution of a project'snet present value. The model can be rapidly implemented, uses a largenumber of individual simulations to provide a reliable frequencydistribution and aids managerial decision making by presenting managerswith an easily understood perspective on the uncertainty surrounding aninvestment project.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071595
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    CREAM: Criteria-Related Employability Assessment Method:: A Systematic Model for Employee Selection (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 32 (1994), S. 27-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents an improved replicable systematic method for the selection orpromotion of employees through the developmental stages of a case study.The method provides systematic techniques for ensuring fairness andequality of opportunity for all candidates as related to particular jobfunctions. The Criteria-Related Employability Assessment Method (CREAM)has gone through continuous improvement over the past 20 years. Thecase study is of a new firefighter recruit selection process developedfor the Phoenix Fire Department. Criteria were drawn from a group ofthe organization's currently successful employees. Follow-up research ofthose candidates selected for the first two firefighter recruit trainingclasses showed that there was a significantly high correlation betweenthe selected candidates and the criteria group of successful Phoenixfirefighters. The playing field being levelled resulted in a significantincrease in the number of minority group members and females that wereselected to be on the hiring list. The method can be replicated and isapplicable to other organizations in both the public and privatesectors, such as fire departments, police departments, largecorporations and government employee training programmes. Concludes thatCREAM does remove or at least neutralize a great deal of the uses ofpersonali ower, political manoeuvring, quotas and other special internalselection methods while meeting most if not all the external regulatoryrequirements, and assists in ensuring that the people selected know theywere selected for who they are and not for just what they are.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071603
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    The Conductor and the Orchestra: Interactive Aspects of the Leadership Process (1994)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 22-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The ability to successfully direct and inspire 90 to 100 talentedmusicians to perform as one unit is often attributed to the conductor'scharismatic powers. The influence of the player as part of aninteractive process is generally neglected. Examines these assumptionsboth by reference to the literature and from interviews with bothconductors and musicians. Discusses leadership theories appropriate tothe orchestral setting including a distinction between socialized andpersonalized charismatic leadership. The leadership-followership processin the orchestra is seen as having three distinct phases; the testingphase, the working stage and the inspirational stage. Suggestsimplications for leadership in more generalized management settings.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739410050123
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