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  • Models, Biological
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (18)
  • EMBO Press
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (18)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1991  (18)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (18)
  • EMBO Press
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Oxford University Press
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (18)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
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    Computations underlying the execution of movement: a biological perspective (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-07-19
    Description: To execute voluntary movements, the central nervous system must transform the neural representation of the direction, amplitude, and velocity of the limb, represented by the activity of cortical and subcortical neurons, into signals that activate the muscles that move the limb. This task is equivalent to solving an "ill-posed" computational problem because the number of degrees of freedom of the musculoskeletal apparatus is much larger than that specified in the plan of action. Some of the mechanisms and circuitry underlying the transformation of motor plans into motor commands are described. A central feature of this transformation is a coarse map of limb postures in the premotor areas of the spinal cord. Vectorial combination of motor outputs among different areas of the spinal map may produce a large repertoire of motor behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bizzi, E -- Mussa-Ivaldi, F A -- Giszter, S -- AR26710/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- NS09343/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jul 19;253(5017):287-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1857964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Central Nervous System/*physiology ; Extremities ; Models, Biological ; Motor Activity ; Movement/*physiology ; Muscles/innervation/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Posture
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Space may be bad for your health (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 27;253(5027):1491.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Motion Sickness/*etiology ; Rats ; Scyphozoa ; *Space Flight ; *Weightlessness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Playing tag with membrane proteins (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoffman, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 1;254(5032):650-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Oncogenes ; Polyisoprenyl Phosphates/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Molecular basis of latency in pathogenic human viruses (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-08
    Description: Several human viruses are able to latently infect specific target cell populations in vivo. Analysis of the replication cycles of herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human immunodeficiency virus suggests that the latent infections established by these human pathogens primarily result from a lack of host factors critical for the expression of viral early gene products. The subsequent activation of specific cellular transcription factors in response to extracellular stimuli can induce the expression of these viral regulatory proteins and lead to a burst of lytic viral replication. Latency in these eukaryotic viruses therefore contrasts with latency in bacteriophage, which is maintained primarily by the expression of virally encoded repressors of lytic replication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garcia-Blanco, M A -- Cullen, B R -- AI28233/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI29821/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):815-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Cell Growth, Regulation, and Oncogenesis, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1658933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: HIV-1/pathogenicity/physiology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/pathogenicity/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Simplexvirus/pathogenicity/physiology ; *Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Viruses/pathogenicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    New clue found to growth factor action (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoffman, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 8;251(4998):1181.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2006408" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Contractile Proteins/physiology ; Cytoskeleton/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*physiology ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/physiology ; Microfilament Proteins/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Profilins ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The secret of saltiness (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 1;254(5032):654-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates ; Acetic Acid ; Epithelium/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Salts ; *Sodium ; *Sodium Chloride ; Taste/*physiology ; Tongue/innervation/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    The anion paradox in sodium taste reception: resolution by voltage-clamp studies (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-01
    Description: Sodium salts are potent taste stimuli, but their effectiveness is markedly dependent on the anion, with chloride yielding the greatest response. The cellular mechanisms that mediate this phenomenon are not known. This "anion paradox" has been resolved by considering the field potential that is generated by restricted electrodiffusion of the anion through paracellular shunts between taste-bud cells. Neural responses to sodium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium gluconate were studied while the field potential was voltage-clamped. Clamping at electronegative values eliminated the anion effect, whereas clamping at electropositive potentials exaggerated it. Thus, field potentials across the lingual epithelium modulate taste reception, indicating that the functional unit of taste reception includes the taste cell and its paracellular microenvironment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ye, Q -- Heck, G L -- DeSimone, J A -- DC00122/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 1;254(5032):724-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0551.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anions ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Epithelium/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Models, Biological ; Mouth Mucosa/innervation/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; *Sodium ; *Sodium Chloride ; Taste/*physiology ; Tongue/*innervation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Spatial control of gut-specific gene expression during Caenorhabditis elegans development (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-04-26
    Description: The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was transformed with constructs containing upstream deletions of the gut-specific ges-1 carboxylesterase gene. With particular deletions, ges-1 was expressed, not as normally in the gut, but rather in muscle cells of the pharynx (which belong to a sister lineage of the gut) or in body wall muscle and hypodermal cells (which belong to a cousin lineage of the gut). These observations suggest that gut-specific gene expression in C. elegans involves not only gut-specific activators but also multiple repressors that are present in particular nongut lineages.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aamodt, E J -- Chung, M A -- McGhee, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Apr 26;252(5005):579-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis/embryology/enzymology/*genetics ; Carboxylesterase ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/*genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; DNA/genetics ; Digestive System/embryology/enzymology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Models, Biological ; Organ Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    A better way to make the medicine go down (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hiller, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 6;253(5024):1095-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy ; Alkaloids/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Paclitaxel ; Prodrugs/*therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Diabetic hyperglycemia: link to impaired glucose transport in pancreatic beta cells (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-08
    Description: Glucose uptake into pancreatic beta cells by means of the glucose transporter GLUT-2, which has a high Michaelis constant, is essential for the normal insulin secretory response to hyperglycemia. In both autoimmune and nonautoimmune diabetes, this glucose transport is reduced as a consequence of down-regulation of the normal beta-cell transporter. In autoimmune diabetes, circulating immunoglobulins can further impair this glucose transport by inhibiting functionally intact transporters. Insights into mechanisms of the unresponsiveness of beta cells to hyperglycemia may improve the management and prevention of diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Unger, R H -- 1-PO1-DK42582-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- 5-R37-DK02700-31/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 8;251(4998):1200-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Diabetes Research, Gifford Laboratories, Dallas, TX.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2006409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics/metabolism ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/etiology/*metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/*metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Discrimination between intracellular uptake and surface adhesion of bacterial pathogens (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-05-17
    Description: Most bacterial pathogens initiate infectious diseases by adhering to host cells. Bacterial adherence to nonphagocytic cells usually leads to extracellular colonization; however, many invasive microorganisms enter host cells after binding to the host cell surface. It is unclear why bacterial adherence can result in these two different fates for the microorganism. Analyses of model systems, such as the uptake of enteropathogenic Yersinia into cultured cells, indicate that the particular mammalian cell receptors bound and the nature of the binding event dictate whether the bacterium remains extracellular or enters host cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isberg, R R -- AI23538/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI29719/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 May 17;252(5008):934-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1674624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bacterial Adhesion ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Fimbriae, Bacterial/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/physiology ; Yersinia/pathogenicity/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Clue found to T cell loss in AIDS (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):798-800.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Humans ; *Lymphocyte Depletion ; Models, Biological ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Establishment of the Mediterranean fruit fly in California (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-20
    Description: Principles of invasion biology are brought to bear on the question of whether the medfly is established in California. Since its first discovery in 1975, the pest has been captured in the Los Angeles Basin in nine separate years including every year from 1986 through 1990. The trend has become distinct--the intervals between captures are decreasing, the numbers captured are increasing, and the area over which they are detected is expanding. In addition, appearances are seasonal and captures in recent years have occurred in many of the same cities and neighborhoods where medflies were found several years before. Evidence suggests that the medfly may be established in the Los Angeles area and that previous eradication programs did not eradicate the medfly from California. It follows that detection, exclusion, and eradication protocols may need to be reexamined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carey, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 20;253(5026):1369-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis 95616.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; California ; *Diptera/physiology ; Los Angeles ; Models, Biological ; *Pest Control ; Population Growth ; Seasons
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Two- rather than three-dimensional representation of saccades in monkey superior colliculus (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-05-31
    Description: Saccades are controlled by neurons in the brainstem reticular formation that receive input from the superior colliculus and cortex. Recently two quantitative models have been proposed for the role of the colliculus in the generation of three-dimensional eye movements. In order to test these models, three-dimensional eye movements were measured in the alert monkey to investigate whether the saccadic motor map of the superior colliculus is two-dimensional, representing retinal target vectors, or three-dimensional, representing three-dimensional motor error for the rotation of the eye. Electrical stimulation of the superior colliculus produced two-dimensional, not three-dimensional, eye movements. It is therefore concluded that the collicular motor map is two-dimensional.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Opstal, A J -- Hepp, K -- Hess, B J -- Straumann, D -- Henn, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 May 31;252(5010):1313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurology Department, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1925545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Haplorhini ; Models, Biological ; Regression Analysis ; Saccades/*physiology ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology
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  • 15
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    Chemical and biological microstructures as probed by dynamic processes (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-29
    Description: The dynamic process of electronic energy transfer is shown to be an important tool for probing the microstructure of molecular systems, particularly those in which donors and acceptors occupy specifically labeled sites of spatially confining host matrices. Special attention is given to analyzing the temporal behavior of the direct energy transfer reaction for systems in which the dipolar coupling is between a donor and randomly distributed acceptors. This dynamic process is dependent on two competing lengths when the donor and acceptor distribution is determined by the microstructure of the confining system: Rp, the dominant length characterizing the size of the confinement, and R0, which scales the strength of the dipolar coupling. When energy transfer processes are viewed in the context of these two competing lengths, a picture emerges of the microstructure of the confinement that is consistent with and corroborated by other structural probes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drake, J M -- Klafter, J -- Levitz, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 29;251(5001):1574-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Exxon Research and Engineering Company, Clinton Township, Annandale, NJ 08801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2011737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Energy Transfer ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; *Models, Theoretical ; Polymers ; Probability
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    The control of oxidant stress at fertilization (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-04-26
    Description: Metazoan eggs alter their coats after fertilization to protect the early embryo. In sea urchins, this modification consists of a rapid, coordinated set of noncovalent macromolecular assembly steps that are stabilized by protein cross-linking. The sea urchin egg uses an oxidative cross-linking reaction that requires hydrogen peroxide and a secreted peroxidase and thus faces the challenge of oxidant stress at the beginning of its development. Protection from the deleterious effects of this oxidative mechanism is afforded by regulation of the production and utilization of oxidizing species. This regulation requires a specific protein kinase C-activated oxidase and ovothiol, an intracellular antioxidant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, B M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Apr 26;252(5005):533-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle 98105.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1850548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids, Sulfur/*physiology ; Animals ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Eukaryota/physiology ; *Fertilization ; Free Radicals ; Hydrogen Peroxide/*metabolism ; Hydroxides/metabolism ; Hydroxyl Radical ; *Methylhistidines ; Models, Biological ; Oxygen Consumption ; Sea Urchins/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    The cell cycle: spinning farther afield (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-06-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jun 14;252(5012):1490-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1828620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Cyclins/physiology ; Genes, Retinoblastoma ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Oncogenes
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Low affinity interaction of peptide-MHC complexes with T cell receptors (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-12-20
    Description: The interaction of antigen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) with their ligands, peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), is central to most immune responses, yet little is known about its chemical characteristics. The binding to T cells of a labeled monoclonal antibody to the TCR was inhibited by soluble class II MHC heterodimers complexed to different peptides. Inhibition was both peptide- and TCR-specific and of low affinity, with a KD = 4 x 10(-5) to 6 x 10(-5) M, orders of magnitude weaker than comparable antibody-antigen interactions. This finding is consistent with the scanning nature of T cell recognition and suggests that antigen-independent adhesion precedes TCR engagement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsui, K -- Boniface, J J -- Reay, P A -- Schild, H -- Fazekas de St Groth, B -- Davis, M M -- AI19512/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Dec 20;254(5039):1788-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1763329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Cell Line ; Genetic Variation ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/immunology ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptides/immunology/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology/*physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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