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  • DNA/genetics  (34)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (34)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • 1985-1989  (34)
  • 1987  (34)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (34)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
Years
  • 1985-1989  (34)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-02-27
    Description: Deletions of the long arm of chromosome 6 (6q-) are frequently found in hematopoietic neoplasms, including acute lymphoblastic leukemias, non-Hodgkin lymphomas and (less frequently) myeloid leukemias. The c-myb proto-oncogene has been mapped to region 6q21-24, which suggests that it could be involved in the 6q- aberrations. By means of in situ chromosomal hybridization on cells from six hematopoietic malignancies, it was demonstrated that the c-myb locus is not deleted, but is retained on band q22, which is consistently bordered by the chromosomal breakpoints in both interstitial and terminal 6q- deletions. The deletion breakpoints were located at some distance from the myb locus since no rearrangement of c-myb sequences was found. In one case, however, amplification of the entire c-myb locus was detectable. Furthermore, in all cases tested that carry 6q- deletions, myb messenger RNA levels were significantly higher than in normal cells or in malignant cells matched for lineage and stage of differentiation but lacking the 6q- marker. These results indicate that 6q- deletions are accompanied by structural and functional alterations of the c-myb locus and that these alterations may be involved in the pathogenesis of leukemias and lymphomas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barletta, C -- Pelicci, P G -- Kenyon, L C -- Smith, S D -- Dalla-Favera, R -- CA16239/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):1064-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3469751" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Deletion ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1987-07-10
    Description: A wide variety of human tumors contain an amplified or overexpressed erbB-2 gene, which encodes a growth factor receptor-like protein. When erbB-2 complementary DNA was expressed in NIH/3T3 cells under the control of the SV40 promoter, the gene lacked transforming activity despite expression of detectable levels of the erbB-2 protein. A further five- to tenfold increase in its expression under influence of the long terminal repeat of Moloney murine leukemia virus was associated with activation of erbB-2 as a potent oncogene. The high levels of the erbB-2 product associated with malignant transformation of NIH/3T3 cells were observed in human mammary tumor cells that overexpressed this gene. These findings demonstrate a new mechanism for acquisition of oncogenic properties by genes encoding growth factor receptor-like proteins and provide a functional basis for the role of their overexpression in the development of human malignancies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Di Fiore, P P -- Pierce, J H -- Kraus, M H -- Segatto, O -- King, C R -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 10;237(4811):178-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2885917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Fibroblasts/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/*physiology ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/physiology ; Simian virus 40/genetics ; Tumor Stem Cell Assay
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1987-02-20
    Description: Four clones were isolated from an adult human brain complementary DNA library with an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to the first 20 amino acids of the beta peptide of brain amyloid from Alzheimer's disease. The open reading frame of the sequenced clone coded for 97 amino acids, including the known amino acid sequence of this polypeptide. The 3.5-kilobase messenger RNA was detected in mammalian brains and human thymus. The gene is highly conserved in evolution and has been mapped to human chromosome 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldgaber, D -- Lerman, M I -- McBride, O W -- Saffiotti, U -- Gajdusek, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 20;235(4791):877-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3810169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid/*genetics ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Solubility ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1987-07-17
    Description: The calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is a major component of brain synaptic junctions and has been proposed to play a variety of important roles in brain function. A complementary DNA representing a portion of the smaller 50-kilodalton subunit of the rat brain enzyme has been cloned and sequenced. The calmodulin-binding region has been identified and a synthetic analog prepared that binds calmodulin with high affinity in the presence of calcium. Like the 50-kilodalton kinase polypeptide, the concentration of the messenger RNA varies both neuroanatomically and during postnatal development of the brain. The broad tissue and species cross-reactivity of the complementary DNA suggests that the 50-kilodalton subunit found in rat brain is evolutionarily conserved and is the product of a single gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanley, R M -- Means, A R -- Ono, T -- Kemp, B E -- Burgin, K E -- Waxham, N -- Kelly, P T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):293-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3037704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Assay ; Brain/enzymology/growth & development ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Protein Kinases/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 13;235(4794):1323.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3823884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; Eye Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Retinoblastoma/*genetics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1987-08-21
    Description: The molecular basis for the marked difference between primate and rodent cells in sensitivity to the cardiac glycoside ouabain has been established by genetic techniques. A complementary DNA encoding the entire alpha 1 subunit of the mouse Na+- and K+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was inserted into the expression vector pSV2. This engineered DNA molecule confers resistance against 10(-4) M ouabain to monkey CV-1 cells. Deletion of sequences encoding the carboxyl terminus of the alpha 1 subunit abolish the activity of the complementary DNA. The ability to assay the biological activity of this ATPase in a transfection protocol permits the application of molecular genetic techniques to the analysis of structure-function relationships for the enzyme that establishes the internal Na+/K+ environment of most animal cells. The full-length alpha 1 subunit complementary DNA will also be useful as a dominant selectable marker for somatic cell genetic studies utilizing ouabain-sensitive cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kent, R B -- Emanuel, J R -- Ben Neriah, Y -- Levenson, R -- Housman, D E -- CA-07919/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-26712/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-38992/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 21;237(4817):901-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3039660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; DNA/genetics ; Drug Resistance ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Ouabain/*pharmacology ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/antagonists & inhibitors/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transfection
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 16;238(4825):273-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3116670" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/genetics ; Dental Enamel/anatomy & histology ; Gait ; Haplorhini/anatomy & histology/*genetics ; Humans ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint/anatomy & histology ; Molar ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pan troglodytes/anatomy & histology/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1987-05-29
    Description: Two complementary DNA's, encoding the complete sequences of 671 and 673 amino acids for subspecies of rat brain protein kinase C, were expressed in COS 7 cells. The complementary DNA sequence analysis predicted that the two enzymes are derived from different ways of splicing and differ from each other only in the short ranges of their carboxyl-terminal regions. Both enzymes showed typical characteristics of protein kinase C that responded to Ca2+, phospholipid, and diacylglycerol. The enzymes showed practically identical physical and kinetic properties and were indistinguishable from one of the several subspecies of protein kinase C that occurs in rat brain but not in untransfected COS 7 cells. Partial analysis of the genomic structure confirmed that these two subspecies of protein kinase C resulted indeed from alternative splicing of a single gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ono, Y -- Kikkawa, U -- Ogita, K -- Fujii, T -- Kurokawa, T -- Asaoka, Y -- Sekiguchi, K -- Ase, K -- Igarashi, K -- Nishizuka, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 29;236(4805):1116-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3576226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/enzymology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Kinase C/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; Rabbits ; Rats
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1987-08-28
    Description: The human T cell antigen-receptor gamma chain, which is expressed on the surface of a subpopulation of CD3+ T lymphocytes, exhibits size polymorphism and varies in its ability to form disulfide bonds with a second polypeptide. Analysis of both genomic and complementary DNA clones encoding the human gamma polypeptide shows differences in lengths of the coding portions of the two constant region genes, C gamma 1 and C gamma 2. A single second-exon segment is always present in the C gamma 1 gene. C gamma 2 alleles containing either duplicated or triplicated second-exon segments are present in the normal human population and are expressed as messenger RNAs. Furthermore, a cysteine residue, encoded by the second exon of C gamma 1 and probably involved in interchain disulfide bridging, is absent in all C gamma 2 second-exon segments. These differences between C gamma 1 and the two alleles of C gamma 2 may explain the variability in molecular weight and disulfide bonding of gamma molecules expressed in different cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pelicci, P G -- Subar, M -- Weiss, A -- Dalla-Favera, R -- Littman, D R -- CA 09454/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37165/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37295/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 28;237(4818):1051-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3112943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; Genes, MHC Class II ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1987-05-01
    Description: A partial amino acid sequence obtained for porcine atrial muscarinic acetylcholine receptor was used to isolate complementary DNA clones containing the complete receptor coding region. The deduced 466-amino acid polypeptide exhibits extensive structural and sequence homology with other receptors coupled to guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins (for example, the beta-adrenergic receptor and rhodopsins); this similarity predicts a structure of seven membrane-spanning regions distinguished by the disposition of a large cytoplasmic domain. Stable transfection of the Chinese hamster ovary cell line with the atrial receptor complementary DNA leads to the binding of muscarinic antagonists in these cells with affinities characteristic of the M2 receptor subtype. The atrial muscarinic receptor is encoded by a unique gene consisting of a single coding exon and multiple, alternatively spliced 5' noncoding regions. The atrial receptor is distinct from the cerebral muscarinic receptor gene product, sharing only 38% overall amino acid homology and possessing a completely nonhomologous large cytoplasmic domain, suggesting a role for the latter region in differential effector coupling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peralta, E G -- Winslow, J W -- Peterson, G L -- Smith, D H -- Ashkenazi, A -- Ramachandran, J -- Schimerlik, M I -- Capon, D J -- CA16417/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL23632/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 1;236(4801):600-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3107123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA/genetics ; Exons ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Heart Atria/analysis ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Membrane Proteins ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate/metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Swine ; Transfection
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1987-04-03
    Description: The primary structure of human uromodulin, a 616-amino acid, 85-kilodalton glycoprotein with in vitro immunosuppressive properties, was determined through isolation and characterization of complementary DNA and genomic clones. The amino acid sequence encoded by one of the exons of the uromodulin gene has homology to the low-density-lipoprotein receptor and the epidermal growth factor precursor. Northern hybridization analyses demonstrate that uromodulin is synthesized by the kidney. Evidence is provided that uromodulin is identical to the previously characterized Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, the most abundant protein in normal human urine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennica, D -- Kohr, W J -- Kuang, W J -- Glaister, D -- Aggarwal, B B -- Chen, E Y -- Goeddel, D V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 3;236(4797):83-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3453112" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/analysis ; Base Sequence ; Chemistry, Physical ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cysteine ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Humans ; Mucoproteins/*analysis/*genetics ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Uromodulin
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: The progressive deposition in the human brain of amyloid filaments composed of the amyloid beta protein is a principal feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Densitometric analysis of Southern blots probed with a complementary DNA for the amyloid protein has been carried out to determine the relative dosage of this gene in genomic DNA of 14 patients with AD, 12 aged normal subjects, and 10 patients with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). Whereas patients in the last group showed the expected 1.5-fold increase in dosage of this gene, none of the patients with AD had a gene dosage higher than that of the normal controls. These results do not support the hypothesis that the genetic defect in AD involves duplication of a segment of chromosome 21 containing the amyloid gene. Alternative mechanisms for the brain-specific increase in amyloid protein deposition in AD should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Podlisny, M B -- Lee, G -- Selkoe, D J -- AGO2741/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AGO6173/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):669-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2960019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid/*genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; DNA/genetics ; Down Syndrome/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Leukocytes/physiology
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1987-09-25
    Description: A complementary DNA clone derived from rat brain messenger RNA has been isolated on the basis of homology to the human thyroid hormone receptor gene. Expression of this complementary DNA produces a high-affinity binding protein for thyroid hormones. Sequence analysis and the mapping of this gene to a distinct human genetic locus indicate the existence of multiple human thyroid hormone receptors. Messenger RNA from this gene is expressed in a tissue-specific fashion with highest levels in the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, C C -- Weinberger, C -- Lebo, R -- Evans, R M -- GM-266444-09/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 25;237(4822):1610-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3629259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*physiology ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rats ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/*genetics/metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Triiodothyronine/metabolism
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 1987-03-20
    Description: A 4-kilobase complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) was isolated. When introduced into mammalian cells, this cDNA directs the expression of CSF-1 that is structurally and functionally indistinguishable from the natural human urinary CSF-1. Direct structural analysis of both the recombinant CSF-1 and the purified human urinary protein revealed that these species contain a sequence of at least 40 amino acids at their carboxyl termini which are not found in the coding region of a 1.6-kilobase CSF-1 cDNA that was previously described. These results demonstrate that the human CSF-1 gene can be expressed to yield at least two different messenger RNA species that encode distinct but related forms of CSF-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, G G -- Temple, P A -- Leary, A C -- Witek-Giannotti, J S -- Yang, Y C -- Ciarletta, A B -- Chung, M -- Murtha, P -- Kriz, R -- Kaufman, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 20;235(4795):1504-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3493529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*genetics/urine ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Molecular Weight ; Peptide Fragments ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1987-03-20
    Description: A human B-cell growth factor (BCGF) (12 kilodaltons) supports the clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes. A clone was isolated that contained the proper structural sequence to encode biologically active, 12-kilodalton BCGF in Escherichia coli and to hybridize to a specific messenger RNA, identified by in vitro translation in Xenopus laevis oocytes. A relatively hydrophobic region of 18 amino acids was found at the amino terminal of the 124-amino acid-long polypeptide. The carboxyl terminal is composed of at least 32 amino acids that are derived from nucleotide sequences bearing significant homology to the Alu repeat family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharma, S -- Mehta, S -- Morgan, J -- Maizel, A -- 16672/PHS HHS/ -- CA38499/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA39798/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 20;235(4795):1489-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3547651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Escherichia coli ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/*genetics ; Interleukin-4 ; Lymphokines/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1987-01-09
    Description: The HER-2/neu oncogene is a member of the erbB-like oncogene family, and is related to, but distinct from, the epidermal growth factor receptor. This gene has been shown to be amplified in human breast cancer cell lines. In the current study, alterations of the gene in 189 primary human breast cancers were investigated. HER-2/neu was found to be amplified from 2- to greater than 20-fold in 30% of the tumors. Correlation of gene amplification with several disease parameters was evaluated. Amplification of the HER-2/neu gene was a significant predictor of both overall survival and time to relapse in patients with breast cancer. It retained its significance even when adjustments were made for other known prognostic factors. Moreover, HER-2/neu amplification had greater prognostic value than most currently used prognostic factors, including hormonal-receptor status, in lymph node-positive disease. These data indicate that this gene may play a role in the biologic behavior and/or pathogenesis of human breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slamon, D J -- Clark, G M -- Wong, S G -- Levin, W J -- Ullrich, A -- McGuire, W L -- CA 30195/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 36827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):177-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3798106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/mortality/pathology ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; *Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/genetics
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: The Drosophila gene, dorsal, is a maternal effect locus that is essential for the establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the developing embryo. The dorsal protein was predicted from the complementary DNA sequence; it is almost 50 percent identical, over an extensive region, to the protein encoded by the avian oncogene v-rel, its cellular homolog, c-rel, and a human c-rel fragment. The oncogene v-rel is highly oncogenic in avian lymphoid, spleen, and bone marrow cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steward, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):692-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Princeton University, NJ 08544.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3118464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; DNA/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/*genetics ; Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Morphogenesis ; Oogenesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) encoding portions of the amyloid beta protein were used to investigate possible amyloid gene duplication in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. A strategy employing two Eco RI restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) detected by the amyloid cDNAs was used. RFLPs allow the detection of a 2:1 gene dosage in the DNA of any individual who is heterozygous for a particular RFLP. The amyloid gene regions homologous to the cDNAs used were not duplicated in the DNA from brains of individuals with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Similar results were also obtained with a strategy employing a test for 3:2 gene dosage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tanzi, R E -- Bird, E D -- Latt, S A -- Neve, R L -- HD 18658/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH/NS 31862/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):666-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Genetics and Mental Retardation Center, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2890207" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid/*genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; tau Proteins
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cassatt, J C -- Peterson, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 27;238(4831):1215.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3685968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; *Information Systems ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1987-10-16
    Description: The primary structure of human apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 has been deduced and shown by a combination of DNA excess hybridization, sequencing of tryptic peptides, cloned complementary DNAs, and intestinal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to be the product of an intestinal mRNA with an in-frame UAA stop codon resulting from a C to U change in the codon CAA encoding Gln2153 in apoB-100 mRNA. The carboxyl-terminal Ile2152 of apoB-48 purified from chylous ascites fluid has apparently been cleaved from the initial translation product, leaving Met2151 as the new carboxyl-terminus. These data indicate that approximately 85% of the intestinal mRNAs terminate within approximately 0.1 to 1.0 kilobase downstream from the stop codon. The other approximately 15% have lengths similar to hepatic apoB-100 mRNA even though they have the same in-frame stop codon. The organ-specific introduction of a stop codon to a mRNA appears unprecedented and might have implications for cryptic polyadenylation signal recognition and RNA processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, S H -- Habib, G -- Yang, C Y -- Gu, Z W -- Lee, B R -- Weng, S A -- Silberman, S R -- Cai, S J -- Deslypere, J P -- Rosseneu, M -- GM-30998/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL-27341/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 16;238(4825):363-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3659919" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Apolipoprotein B-48 ; Apolipoproteins B/*genetics/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Chylous Ascites/metabolism ; *Codon ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Peptide Fragments ; *RNA, Messenger/analysis/*genetics ; Trypsin/metabolism
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1987-07-17
    Description: Low-stringency hybridization with human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) complementary DNA was used to isolate a new gene encoding a predicted 107-kilodalton polypeptide. Expression studies demonstrate its ability to bind aldosterone with high affinity and to activate gene transcription in response to aldosterone, thus establishing its identity as the human mineralocorticoid receptor (hMR). This molecule also shows high affinity for glucocorticoids and stimulates a glucocorticoid-responsive promoter. Together the hMR and hGR provide unexpected functional diversity in which hormone-binding properties, target gene interactions, and patterns of tissue-specific expression may be used in a combinatorial fashion to achieve complex physiologic control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arriza, J L -- Weinberger, C -- Cerelli, G -- Glaser, T M -- Handelin, B L -- Housman, D E -- Evans, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):268-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3037703" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Rats ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*genetics ; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid ; Receptors, Steroid/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 1987-03-13
    Description: With the recently cloned complementary DNA probe, lambda Am4 for the chromosome 21 gene encoding brain amyloid polypeptide (beta amyloid protein) of Alzheimer's disease, leukocyte DNA from three patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease and two patients with karyotypically normal Down syndrome was found to contain three copies of this gene. Because a small region of chromosome 21 containing the ets-2 gene is duplicated in patients with Alzheimer's disease, as well as in karyotypically normal Down syndrome, duplication of a subsection of the critical segment of chromosome 21 that is duplicated in Down syndrome may be the genetic defect in Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delabar, J M -- Goldgaber, D -- Lamour, Y -- Nicole, A -- Huret, J L -- de Grouchy, J -- Brown, P -- Gajdusek, D C -- Sinet, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 13;235(4794):1390-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2950593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid/*genetics ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; DNA/genetics ; Down Syndrome/*genetics ; Humans ; Leukocytes/analysis ; *Multigene Family
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: A novel T cell receptor (TCR) subunit termed TCR delta, associated with TCR gamma and CD3 polypeptides, was recently found on a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes. T cell-specific complementary DNA clones present in a human TCR gamma delta T cell complementary DNA library were obtained and characterized in order to identify candidate clones encoding TCR delta. One cross-hybridizing group of clones detected transcripts that are expressed in lymphocytes bearing TCR gamma delta but not in other T lymphocytes and are encoded by genes that are rearranged in TCR gamma delta lymphocytes but deleted in other T lymphocytes. Their sequences indicate homology to the variable, joining, and constant elements of other TCR and immunoglobulin genes. These characteristics, as well as the immunochemical data presented in a companion paper, are strong evidence that the complementary DNA clones encode TCR delta.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hata, S -- Brenner, M B -- Krangel, M S -- 1-K01-AM01598/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):678-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Tumor Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3499667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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  • 24
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 13;235(4794):1328.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3823887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA/genetics ; Female ; Gaucher Disease/complications/*genetics/pathology ; Heterozygote Detection ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis/*genetics ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis
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  • 25
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-10-23
    Description: M1 RNA, the catalytic RNA subunit of Escherichia coli ribonuclease P, can cleave novel transfer RNA (tRNA) precursors that lack specific domains of the normal tRNA sequence. The smallest tRNA precursor that was cleaved efficiently retained only the domain of the amino acid acceptor stem and the T stem and loop. The importance of the 3' terminal CCA nucleotide residues in the processing of both novel and normal tRNA precursors implies that the same enzymatic function of M1 RNA is involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McClain, W H -- Guerrier-Takada, C -- Altman, S -- AI10257/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM19422/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):527-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2443980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; Endoribonucleases/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Plasmids ; RNA Precursors/*metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/genetics ; Ribonuclease P ; Ribonuclease T1/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Suppression, Genetic
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1987-08-14
    Description: The deduced amino acid sequence of a Drosophila gene isolated with a vertebrate sodium channel complementary DNA probe revealed an organization virtually identical to the vertebrate sodium channel protein; four homologous domains containing all putative membrane-spanning regions are repeated in tandem with connecting linkers of various sizes. All areas of the protein presumed to be critical for channel function show high evolutionary conservation. These include those proposed to function in voltage-sensitive gating, inactivation, and ion selectivity. All 24 putative gating charges of the vertebrate protein are in identical positions in the Drosophila gene. Ten introns interrupt the coding regions of the four homology units; introns with positions conserved among homology units bracket a region hypothesized to be the selectivity filter for the channel. The Drosophila gene maps to the right arm of the second chromosome in region 60D-E. This position does not coincide with any known mutations that confer behavioral phenotypes, but is close to the seizure locus (60A-B), which has been hypothesized to code for a voltage-sensitive sodium channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salkoff, L -- Butler, A -- Wei, A -- Scavarda, N -- Giffen, K -- Ifune, C -- Goodman, R -- Mandel, G -- 1 R01 NS24785-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 14;237(4816):744-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2441469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Drosophila/*genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Electrophorus/genetics ; Exons ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Introns ; *Ion Channels ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Sodium/*metabolism
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1987-08-21
    Description: Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy is a common complication of lung and certain other cancers. The hypercalcemia results from the actions of tumor factors on bone and kidney. We report here the isolation of full-length complementary DNA clones of a putative hypercalcemia factor, and the expression from the cloned DNA of the active protein in mammalian cells. The clones encode a prepro peptide of 36 amino acids and a mature protein of 141 amino acids that has significant homology with parathyroid hormone in the amino-terminal region. This previously unrecognized hormone may be important in normal as well as abnormal calcium metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suva, L J -- Winslow, G A -- Wettenhall, R E -- Hammonds, R G -- Moseley, J M -- Diefenbach-Jagger, H -- Rodda, C P -- Kemp, B E -- Rodriguez, H -- Chen, E Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 21;237(4817):893-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3616618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia/*genetics ; Lung Neoplasms/complications/*genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; Parathyroid Hormone/genetics ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 1987-12-04
    Description: Nuclear oncogene products have the potential to induce alterations in gene regulation leading to the genesis of cancer. The biochemical mechanisms by which nuclear oncoproteins act remain unknown. Recently, an oncogene, v-jun, was found to share homology with the DNA binding domain of a yeast transcription factor, GCN4. Furthermore, GCN4 and the phorbol ester-inducible enhancer binding protein, AP-1, recognize very similar DNA sequences. The human proto-oncogene c-jun has now been isolated, and the deduced amino acid sequence indicates more than 80 percent identity with v-jun. Expression of cloned c-jun in bacteria produced a protein with sequence-specific DNA binding properties identical to AP-1. Antibodies raised against two distinct peptides derived from v-jun reacted specifically with human AP-1. In addition, partial amino acid sequence of purified AP-1 revealed tryptic peptides in common with the c-jun protein. The structural and functional similarities between the c-jun product and the enhancer binding protein suggest that AP-1 may be encoded by c-jun. These findings demonstrate that the proto-oncogene product of c-jun interacts directly with specific target DNA sequences to regulate gene expression, and therefore it may now be possible to identify genes under the control of c-jun that affect cell growth and neoplasia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bohmann, D -- Bos, T J -- Admon, A -- Nishimura, T -- Vogt, P K -- Tjian, R -- CA25417/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA42564/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Dec 4;238(4832):1386-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2825349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies/immunology ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cross Reactions ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/immunology/*physiology ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Fungal Proteins/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oncogene Protein p65(gag-jun) ; Oncogenes ; *Protein Kinases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/immunology/*physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Retroviridae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/genetics/immunology/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: The T cell receptor (TCR) delta protein is expressed as part of a heterodimer with TCR gamma, in association with the CD3 polypeptides on a subset of functional peripheral blood T lymphocytes, thymocytes, and certain leukemic T cell lines. A monoclonal antibody directed against TCR delta was produced that binds specifically to the surface of several TCR gamma delta cell lines and immunoprecipitates the TCR gamma delta as a heterodimer from Triton X-100 detergent lysates and also immunoprecipitates the TCR delta subunit alone after chain separation. A candidate human TCR delta complementary DNA clone (IDP2 O-240/38), reported in a companion paper, was isolated by the subtractive library approach from a TCR gamma delta cell line. This complementary DNA clone was used to direct the synthesis of a polypeptide that is specifically recognized by the monoclonal antibody to TCR delta. This complementary DNA clone thus corresponds to the gene that encodes the TCR delta subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Band, H -- Hochstenbach, F -- McLean, J -- Hata, S -- Krangel, M S -- Brenner, M B -- 1-KO1-AMO1598/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- 5RO1-AI15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- SO7RR5526-24/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):682-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Tumor Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3672118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics/immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 1987-10-23
    Description: The complete germline organization of the beta-chain genes of the murine T cell receptor was elucidated in order to obtain the structural basis for understanding the mechanisms of somatic DNA rearrangements. Twenty of the 22 known variable (V beta) genes are clustered within 250 kilobases of DNA 5' to the constant region (C beta) genes. These V beta genes share the same transcriptional orientation as the diversity (D beta), joining (J beta), and C beta genes, which implies that chromosomal deletion is the mechanism for most V beta to D beta-J beta rearrangements. Within this V beta cluster, the distance between the most proximal V beta gene and the D beta-J beta-C beta cluster is 320 kilobases, as determined by field-inversion gel electrophoresis. The large distance between V beta and D beta, relative to that between D beta and J beta, may have significant implications for the ordered rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta-chain genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou, H S -- Nelson, C A -- Godambe, S A -- Chaplin, D D -- Loh, D Y -- GM07067/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):545-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2821625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Electrophoresis ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 1987-03-13
    Description: In the study of the genetic structure of mammalian chromosomes, there exists a "resolution gap" between molecular cloning experiments and meiotic linkage analyses. This gap has discouraged attempts to construct full-scale genetic maps of mammalian chromosomes. The organization of the human major histocompatibility complex was examined within this range by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. The data obtained indicate that the complex spans over 3000 kilobases and enable the construction of a megabase-scale molecular map. These results indicate that the techniques employed in DNA extraction, enzymatic digestion, electrophoresis, and hybridization are suitable for the efficient analysis of megabase regions of mammalian chromosomes and effectively bridge the resolution gap between molecular cloning and classical genetics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawrance, S K -- Smith, C L -- Srivastava, R -- Cantor, C R -- Weissman, S M -- 5-T35-CA-39782/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 13;235(4794):1387-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3029868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Electrophoresis ; HLA Antigens/*genetics ; HLA-D Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1987-03-13
    Description: Recent evidence indicates the existence of a genetic locus in chromosome region 13q14 that confers susceptibility to retinoblastoma, a cancer of the eye in children. A gene encoding a messenger RNA (mRNA) of 4.6 kilobases (kb), located in the proximity of esterase D, was identified as the retinoblastoma susceptibility (RB) gene on the basis of chromosomal location, homozygous deletion, and tumor-specific alterations in expression. Transcription of this gene was abnormal in six of six retinoblastomas examined: in two tumors, RB mRNA was not detectable, while four others expressed variable quantities of RB mRNA with decreased molecular size of about 4.0 kb. In contrast, full-length RB mRNA was present in human fetal retina and placenta, and in other tumors such as neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. DNA from retinoblastoma cells had a homozygous gene deletion in one case and hemizygous deletion in another case, while the remainder were not grossly different from normal human control DNA. The gene contains at least 12 exons distributed in a region of over 100 kb. Sequence analysis of complementary DNA clones yielded a single long open reading frame that could encode a hypothetical protein of 816 amino acids. A computer-assisted search of a protein sequence database revealed no closely related proteins. Features of the predicted amino acid sequence include potential metal-binding domains similar to those found in nucleic acid-binding proteins. These results provide a framework for further study of recessive genetic mechanisms in human cancers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, W H -- Bookstein, R -- Hong, F -- Young, L J -- Shew, J Y -- Lee, E Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 13;235(4794):1394-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3823889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Carboxylesterase ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Eye Neoplasms/*genetics ; Female ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Placenta/analysis ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Retina/analysis/embryology ; Retinoblastoma/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 33
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-08-21
    Description: In some instances, insertion of maize transposable elements into exons does not result in the total loss of enzymatic activity. In other instances, messenger RNAs of wild-type size are encoded by genes known to contain the maize transposable element Dissociation (Ds) in exons. To understand how Ds is processed from RNA, a study was made of transcripts encoded by two alleles of the maize waxy (wx) gene containing Ds insertions in exon sequences. The analysis was carried out in strains where the Ds element could not excise from the wx gene. Despite insertions of 4.3- and 1.5-Ds elements, the predominant transcripts encoded by these two genes were wild type in size. For both alleles, DNA sequencing of complementary DNAs revealed that the Ds elements had been spliced in a similar manner. Splicing was accomplished by the utilization of multiple 5' donor splice sites in the Ds termini and a 3' acceptor site within the wx gene adjacent to the Ds element. The net effect in both cases was the removal of most of the Ds element from the messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wessler, S R -- Baran, G -- Varagona, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 21;237(4817):916-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3039661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; Exons ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Zea mays/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 1987-02-20
    Description: The amyloid beta protein has been identified as an important component of both cerebrovascular amyloid and amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. A complementary DNA for the beta protein suggests that it derives from a larger protein expressed in a variety of tissues. Overexpression of the gene in brain tissue from fetuses with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) can be explained by dosage since the locus encoding the beta protein maps to chromosome 21. Regional localization of this gene by both physical and genetic mapping places it in the vicinity of the genetic defect causing the inherited form of Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tanzi, R E -- Gusella, J F -- Watkins, P C -- Bruns, G A -- St George-Hyslop, P -- Van Keuren, M L -- Patterson, D -- Pagan, S -- Kurnit, D M -- Neve, R L -- AG00029/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD10658/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD20118/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 20;235(4791):880-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2949367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid/*genetics ; Amyloidosis/genetics ; Brain/physiopathology ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; DNA/genetics ; Down Syndrome/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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