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  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Springer  (25)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (25)
  • 1987  (25)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (25)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
Years
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (25)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin-storing cells of the chicken duodenum: light, fluorescence and electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 247 (1987), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Enterochromaffin cells ; Silver impregnation ; Combined microscopy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an attempt to identify duodenal endocrine cells emitting formaldehyde-induced fluorescence (FIF), chicken duodena were studied by combined fluorescence, ultrastructural, silver impregnation and immunohistochemical methods in the same or consecutive sections. Our results show that: (1) Almost all the cells emitting yellow fluorescence by both the Falck-Hillarp and the Furness methods exhibit an immunohistochemical reaction with serotonin (5-HT) antiserum. (2) Almost all cells radiating yellow fluorescence by the Furness method stain with toluidine blue in Epon-embedded sections but, by high-voltage electron microscopy, can be subdivided into two types of cell containing either small round or polymorphous types of granules. (3) In the sections from which resin had been removed, all the cells emitting yellow FIF show argentaffinity by the Singh method, but not all cells display argyrophilia with the Grimelius method. (4) Cells exhibiting both argyrophil and argentaffin reactions in deresined serial sections are also separated into two types of cell, containing either small spherical or polymorphous types of granules by conventional electron microscopy in thin sections. Therefore, chicken enterochromaffin cells emit yellow FIF, store 5-HT, show both argentaffinity and argyrophilia, but are ultrastructurally classified into two types of granule-containing cells which may be related to polypeptides coexisting with 5-HT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216543
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical study of atrial natriuretic polypeptides in the embryonic, fetal and neonatal rat heart (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 627-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Heart ; Atrial-specific granules ; Atrial natriuretic polypeptide ; Immunohistochemistry ; Impulse-conducting system ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An immunohistochemical study of atrial natriuretic polypeptides was carried out on embryonic, fetal and neonatal rat hearts, using an antiserum raised against α-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (α-hANP). Weakly immunoreactive cells were seen in both atrial and ventricular walls at 11 days post coitum (pc). After this stage, the immunoreactive cells became more intensely stained in both atrial and ventricular walls. The immunoreactivity during the prenatal period was stronger in the superficial cell layer beneath the endocardium, than in the deep cell layer of the atrial wall. The cells in the trabecular meshwork also had an apparent, but weak, immunoreactivity, which showed a greater intensity in the left ventricle than in the right one. It is suggested that these immunoreactive cells in the ventricle may differentiate, in situ, into the cells of the impulse-conducting system during the further development of the heart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216493
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxytocin-like immunoreactive nerves are associated with insulin-containing cells in pancreatic islets of anglerfish (Lophius americanus) (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anglerfish islet ; Oxytocin ; Insulin ; Innervation ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent reports indicate that oxytocin exerts direct effects on the release of insulin and glucagon from the endocrine pancreas of the rat. The purpose of this study was to determine whether oxytocin-like immunoreactivity is present in the anglerfish islet, and if it is associated with subsets of hormone-producing cells. Antisera against oxytocin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and the 200 — kd neurofilament polypeptide were applied to serial 5 μm sections of pancreatic islets. The antiserum to the 200 — kd neurofilament polypeptide labeled nerve bundles and axons, some of which were also stained with the oxytocin antiserum. Oxytocin immunoreactivity was observed in large nerves that branched into varicose fibers. These fibers were consistently associated only with clusters of insulin-producing cells. Successive application of oxytocin and insulin antisera to the same section provided additional verification of this relationship. Oxytocin-labeled nerves were not associated with cells immunoreactive to glucagon, somatostatin, or neuropeptide Y (anglerfish peptide Yg). The results demonstrate that oxytocin or an oxytocin-like peptide is located in fibers that surround only insulin-producing cells in the anglerfish islet. Although the functional significance of this observation remains to be determined, the results imply that oxytocin, or an oxytocin-like peptide, may affect the synthesis or release of insulin from anglerfish islets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215412
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of nerve fibers immunoreactive to neurofilament protein in rat molars and periodontium (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 13-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Teeth ; Dental pulp ; Periodontium ; Neurofilament protein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of nerve fibers in molars, periodontal ligament and gingiva of the rat shows a complex pattern. Decalcified material including the alveolar bone was sectioned in three different planes and stained by means of immunohistochemistry for detection of the neurofilament protein (NFP); the immunoreactive neural elements were clearly visualized in three-dimensional analyses. NFP-positive nerve fibers formed a subodontoblastic plexus in the roof area of the dental pulp; some of them entered the predentin and dentin directly through the dentinal tubules. This penetration was found mainly in the pulp horn, and was limited to a distance of about 100 μm from the pulpo-dentinal junction. In the periodontal ligament, NFP-positive nerve fibers were found densely distributed in the lower half of the alveolar socket. Two types of nerve terminals were recognized in the periodontal ligament: free nerve endings with tree-like ramifications, and expanded nerve terminals showing button- or glove-like shapes. The former tapered among the periodontal fibers, some even reaching the cementoblastic layer. The latter were located, frequently in groups, within the ligament restricted to the lower third of the alveolar socket. A well-developed plexus of NFP-positive nerves was revealed in the lamina propria of the free gingiva, the innervation being denser toward the epithelium of the gingival crevice. The characteristic distribution of NFP-immunoreactive nerve fibers revealed in this study is discussed in relation to region-specific sensations in the teeth and surrounding tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215413
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology, composition, and function of struts between cardiac myocytes of rat and hamster (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cardiac muscle cells ; Extracellular matrix ; Collagen fibers and filaments ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology, composition, and function of struts that interconnect the lateral surfaces of cardiomyocytes were examined in the hearts of rats and hamsters. Methods included brightfield and fluorescent light microscopy, secondary and backscatter scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with silver stain, cationic dye, and antibody to type-I collagen. These studies reveal a twisted, beaded appearance and a complex substructure of collagen fibrils embedded in a ground substance that has a positive reaction with cationic dye. A hierarchy of patterns of branching and attachment was seen among intercellular struts ranging in diameter from 0.1 μm to several urn. The hypothesis that struts tether not only the surfaces but the contractile lattices of laterally adjacent myocytes is supported by the following: (a) the attachments of struts to the collagen weave of the sarcolemma, often lateral to the level of Z bands, (b) the presence of collagen type I in a composite material arrangement, (c) the relative dispositions and configurational changes of struts and myocyte surfaces in various physiological states and induced, non-physiological perturbations of cardiac muscle, (d) the corrugated sarcolemmas with infoldings near Z bands, and (e) the continuity of intracellular filaments from Z bands to the inner aspect of the sarcolemma in relaxed and contracted myocytes. Implications of struts acting as tethers and sites for storage of energy in the motions of myocytes during the cardiac cycle are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215507
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S-100 protein in Schwann cells of the developing human peripheral nerve (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 459-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: S-100 protein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Schwann cells ; Neurilemoma ; Human foetus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary From approximately 7 weeks gestational age in developing human peripheral nerve, as in adult nerve, S-100 protein was found to be expressed solely and uniformly by Schwann cells associated with axons. In embryos younger than 7 weeks S-100 was much less constant and many cells did not show clear staining. The trigger for the initial appearance of the protein at around this age remains unclear although a relationship of S-100 expression in Schwann cells to close axonal contact is suggested. The value of S-100 protein in distinguishing Schwann cells from perineurial cells in normal nerves and nerve sheath tumours remains unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215531
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
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    Distribution of anti-Leu-7, anti-Leu-11a and anti-Leu-M1 immunoreactivity in the brain of the adult rat (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 305-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Brain ; Immunohistochemistry ; Natural killer cells ; Monocytes ; Granulocytes ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study reports a specific cross-reactivity of the three anti-human-hematopoetic-cell monoclonal antibodies, anti-Leu-7 (HNK-1), anti-Leu-11a (NKP-15), and anti-Leu-M1 (MMA), with different epitopes in the brain of the adult rat. The distribution of these epitopes in rat brain is determined by means of immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded frontal serial sections. The reaction pattern of anti-Leu-11a monoclonal antibody is very similar to that of polyclonal antibodies against the myelin basic protein. Both antisera give a specific reaction with myelinated fibers. Immunoreaction products with the anti-Leu-7 monoclonal antibody are found as diffuse, mostly punctiform material in the neuropil and even more evident as small granules coating the cell surface of many neurons. In the white matter anti-Leu-7 reveals a moderate reactivity, which occurs predominantly as spots and fine-stranded material within the myelinated fiber tracts. Anti-Leu-M1 immunoreactivity is present between myelinated fiber bundles of the white matter, where it has a reticulate appearance, and as fine-granulated material within the grey matter of the cortex and the nuclei. The characteristic feature in the grey matter is that of irregularly shaped immunopositive plaques, which are often located around small blood vessels. The cytoplasm of glial and neuronal cells appeared negative with this MAB. The exact topographical distribution of the Leu-7 and Leu-M1 epitopes throughout the rat brain is described. The present hypotheses concerning the nature of this shared antigenicity between hematopoetic cells and nervous tissue are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218197
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
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    Immunohistochemical localization of opioid peptides in the brain of the leech Theromyzon tessulatum (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Opioid peptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Annelida: Hirudinea ; Theromyzon tessulatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of antisera directed against met-enkephalin, leu-enkephalin, dynorphin or α-neoendorphin, immunoreactive structures were visualized in the central nervous system and proboscis of the leech Theromyzon tessulatum. Their distribution in the various compartments of the supra- and subesophageal ganglia was mapped. No correspondence could be established between the neurons containing met- or leu-enkephalin-like substances and the different types of neurosecretory cells classically described in Hirudinea. Successive localization of leu- and met-enkephalin on the same section revealed that these two peptides occur in different neurons. Only one cell located in compartment 6 of the supraesophageal ganglion was both dynorphin- and leu-enkephalin-positive. The other dynorphinimmunoreactive cells were not stained with the anti-leuenkephalin serum. The α-neoendorphin-immunopositive cells were leu-enkephalin immunonegative and vice versa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214655
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    Failure of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) to affect the differentiation of LH cells in the rat hypophysial primordium in serum-free culture (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 35-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Organ culture ; Adenohypophysial primordium ; LH cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Effect of LHRH ; Fetal rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aims of this study were to investigate the differentiating capacity of adenohypophysial LH cells in a serum-free culture medium and to test whether cytogenesis is affected by synthetic LHRH. The adenohypophysial primordia of fetal rats were isolated on days 11.5 and 12.5 of gestation and cultured without serum for 10 and 9 days, respectively, in synthetic Medium 199 or αMEM. Immunohistochemical examination using the PAP method revealed that most culture expiants, apart from a few degenerate ones, contained LH cells. In comparison with Medium 199, which has been widely used as a culture medium for hypophysial explants, aMEM gave far better results and the primordia cultured in this medium showed better tissue growth and contained a greater number of LH cells. Administration of synthetic LHRH (10 ng/ml) on the first day of culturing had no effect on the number of LH cells, no matter whether or not the culture medium was supplemented with insulin, transferrin or thyroxine. These results suggest that at the early developmental stage LHRH is not essential for the differentiation and/or proliferation of LH cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214651
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  • 10
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    Immunohistochemical observations of the endocrine pancreas during metamorphosis of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L. (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 247 (1987), S. 351-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endocrine pancreas ; Metamorphosis ; Biliary atresia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Petromyzon marinus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light-microscopic immunohistochemistry was used to localize insulin- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells within developing endocrine pancreatic tissue of metamorphosing lampreys, Petromyzon marinus. The extrahepatic common bile duct and a portion of the intrahepatic bile duct develop into the caudal portion of the endocrine pancreas. The cranial pancreas is composed of follicles originating in the intestinal and diverticular epithelia, thus following the method of formation of pancreatic follicles from gut epithelium in larvae. In both the cranial and caudal portions, and in an intermediate cord of isolated follicles which connect these two major masses, insulin-immunoreactive cells appear first and are followed by cells showing somatostatin-immunoreactivity. In all stages of metamorphosis individual endocrine cells demonstrate immunoreactivity to a single hormone. Biliary atresia in lamprey may have some adaptive significance in providing cells that produce a caudal endocrine pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218316
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  • 11
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    Localization of melanotropin-like peptides in the central nervous system of two insect species, the migratory locust,Locusta migratoria, and the fleshfly,Sarcophaga bullata (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Melanotropins ; Insects ; Pro-opiomelanocortin ; Nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of well characterized antisera in the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, we were able to demonstrateαMSH andβMSH immunoreactive cells and nerve fibres within the nervous system of adults and larvae ofLocusta migratoria and 3-, 5- and 8-day-old adultSarcophaga bullata. In neither of these insect species, any immunoreaction was obtained with aγ 3MSH-antiserum. Double immuno-histochemical stainings revealed thatαMSH-like andβMSH-like substances are located in different cells. These cells show no immunoreactivity to a number of antisera against other POMC-derivatives (anti-βlipotropin, anti-βendorphin, anti-ACTH1–24); thus they appear to containαMSH- orβMSH-like material in a specific way. The function of the immunologically detected peptides remains to be demonstrated. The distribution of the immunoreactive material suggests that, like in amphibians and other lower vertebrates, the synthesis or release of melanotropins might be under the influence of external stimuli. The present observations support the recently developed concept that even some of the smallest neuropeptides, the melanotropins, have been highly conserved during a long period of evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01239958
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
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    Neuropeptide Y: Intrapancreatic neuronal localization and effects on insulin secretion in the mouse (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pancreas ; Insulin secretion ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intrapancreatic localization and the effects on basal and stimulated insulin secretion of neuropeptide Y (NPY) were investigated in the mouse. Immunocyto-chemistry showed NPY to be confined to intrapancreatic nerve fibers mainly associated with blood vessels. Fine varicose NPY fibers were also detected in the exocrine parenchyma and occasionally also within the islets. Double-staining experiments with the use of antisera for both NPY and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) indicated that most of the NPY fibers were nonadrenergic in nature. Only a population of the NPY fibers occurring around blood vessels showed TH immunoreactivity. Under in vivo conditions, NPY was found to elevate plasma insulin levels slightly when injected intravenously at the high dose level of 8.5 nmol/kg. At lower dose levels, NPY did not affect basal plasma insulin levels, but instead inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion. Thus, the glucose-induced increment in plasma insulin levels, which was 120±7μU/ml in controls, was reduced to 87 ±5 μU/ml by NPY at 4.25 nmol/kg (p〈0.01) and to 98±6μU/ml by NPY at 1.06 nmol/kg (p〈0.05). In contrast, the insulin secretory response to the cholinergic agonist carbachol was not affected by NPY. We conclude that NPY nerve fibers occur in the mouse pancreas and that most of these NPY nerve fibers are nonadrenergic. Furthermore, in the mouse, NPY enhances basal plasma insulin levels at high dose levels and inhibits glucose-induced, but not cholinergically induced insulin secretion at lower dose levels under in vivo conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01239960
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  • 13
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    Localization of neuropeptides in efferent terminals of the eye in the marine snail,Bulla gouldiana (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Circadian rhythms ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neuropeptides ; Molluscs ; Neuropeptide-Y (NPY) FMRF-amide ; Bulla gouldiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Like several other opisthobranch molluscs, the marine snailBulla gouldiana possesses two circadian pacemakers, one in each eye. The two ocular pacemakers are mutually coupled such that: (1) the circadian rhythms of spontaneous electrical activity recorded from the optic nerve are normally synchronous and; (2) if experimentally desynchronized the rhythms will return to the synchronized state. This coupling of the pacemakers is mediated by efferent fibers in the optic nerve, terminating in neuropil adjacent to the basal retinal neurons (BRNs), the putative circadian pacemaker cells. Attempts to identify neurotransmitters in efferent terminals that may be involved in the coupling process have failed. In the present study we demonstrate axons in the optic nerve and axon terminals adjacent to the BRNs that exhibit FMRF-amide- (molluscan cardioexcitatory peptide) and NPY-like (neuropeptide-Y) immunoreactivity. The pattern of immunoreactivity to both antisera is identical. Blocking studies indicate that both antisera are recognizing the same site, most likely the arginine-phenylalanine-amide terminus of FMRF, or an FMRF-like molecule. We conclude that FMRF is a candidate for the chemical mediator involved in the interaction between the two ocular pacemakers inBulla gouldiana.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01239964
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  • 14
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    Response of pituitary thyrotrophs to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone in Snell dwarf mice (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 683-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary gland, pars anterior (distalis) ; Thyrotrophs ; Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) on pituitary thyrotrophs was investigated in Snell dwarf mice (dw/dw) that are genetically deficient in thyrotrophin (TSH) and in normal animals of the same strain. The normal animals were treated with either saline or 10 μg TRH per day for 2 weeks, while the dwarf mice were given daily injections of saline, 10 μg TRH for 2 weeks or 10 μg for 6 weeks. At the end of each experimental period, the pituitary glands were removed and fixed for light-microscopic analysis using immunocytochemistry, or for transmission electron-microscopic study. Compared to thyrotrophs observed in the pituitary glands of untreated normal mice, thyrotrophs in TRH-treated normal mice appeared to be more numerous by immunocytochemistry and showed signs of stimulation by electron microscopy. In contrast, immunostainable thyrotrophs could not be identified in the pituitary glands of untreated or TRH-treated dwarfs. However, a few cells exhibiting ultrastructural features of stimulated thyrotrophs, were noticeable in the dwarfs following TRH administration. Thus, while failing to induce the synthesis of immunoreactive TSH under the applied experimental conditions, exogenous TRH appeared to elicit differentiation of thyrotroph precursors into ultrastructurally recognizable thyrotrophs. The discrepancy between the immunocytochemical and ultrastructural findings remains unresolved; more work is required to clarify the question as to why ultrastructural maturation of thyrotrophs was unaccompanied by the production of immunoreactive TSH.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216499
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  • 15
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    Serotonin-immunoreactive cells of peculiar shape in the urethral epithelium of the human penis (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Penis ; Urethra ; Serotonin-immunoreactive cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study deals with endocrine-like cells in the urethra of human penis. A large number of basal-granulated cells immunoreactive for serotonin were dispersed in the urethral epithelium. No cellular elements were stained positively with antisera against bioactive peptides. The serotonin-immunoreactive cells consisted of a small oval perikaryon and slender processes, and resembled neurons in shape. An apical process reached the urethral lumen. The basal processes frequently branched out in a dendritic fashion, some running laterally for a considerable distance. The number of cells immunoreactive for serotonin was remarkably reduced in subjects over 60 years of age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215417
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  • 16
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    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of the guinea pig (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 145-150 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Spinal cord ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive (VIP-IR) neurons in the lower medulla oblongata and the spinal cord has been analyzed in guinea pigs. This study includes results obtained by colchicine treatment and transection experiments. In the spinal cord, numerous VIP-IR varicosities were observed in the substantia gelatinosa of the columna dorsalis; some were also found in the substantia intermedia and the columna anterior. The spinal VIP-IR nerve fibers were mainly of intraspinal origin and oriented segmentally. VIP-IR nuclei in the spinal cord extended dorsally into corresponding regions of the caudal medulla oblongata, namely from the substantia intermedia medialis and lateralis into the vagus-solitarius complex and from the nucleus spinalis lateralis into the area of the nucleus reticularis lateralis. Additional VIP-IR perikarya were observed in the pars caudalis of the nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini. The VIP-IR nuclei within the caudal medulla oblongata probably form a continuous system with those localized within the spinal cord. They may be involved functionally in the modulation of cardiovascular and respiratory regulation in the guinea pig.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215428
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  • 17
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    Glial cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein in the neurohypophysis of the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) ; Pituicytes ; Neurohypophysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Glialfilaments ; Phodopus sungorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence and distribution of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; an astrocytic marker protein associated with glial filaments) in the neurohypophysis of the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) were investigated immunohistochemically. Our study revealed characteristic GFAP-staining patterns within the median eminence, infundibular stem and neural lobe. In the whole neurohypophysis, few glial cells showed immunoreactivity. In the neural lobe, immunopositive pituicytes appeared preferentially in the periphery. At the ultrastructural level, we found some pituicytes containing filaments, most notably in their processes. We thus demonstrated that, in contrast to the GFAP-immunoreactivity of cultured pituicytes, pituicytic GFAP-expression in vivo coincides with the presence of electron-microscopically detectable filaments.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215532
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  • 18
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    Immunohistochemical and radioautographic evidence of monoamine-containing cells in bioluminescent elytra of the scale-worm Harmothoe imbricata (Polychaeta) (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 547-556 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Monoamines ; Annelids ; Bioluminescence ; Immunohistochemistry ; Autoradiography ; Harmothoe imbricata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Elytra of the scale-worm Harmothoe imbricata were examined for the presence of monoamine-like immunoreactivities and radioautographic reactions. Serotonin (5-HT)-like immunoreactivity was widely distributed among the cellular constituents of the elytra, being present in epithelial cells including photocytes, in elytral nerves, clear cells and the loose neuronal plexus of the middle compartment. The distribution of [3H]5-HT labelling coincided with that of the immunoreactivity except for an additional reactive band extending through the upper cuticle layer. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-like immunoreactivity was detected in epithelial cells, sensory papillae and elytral ganglion and nerves, with little or no staining in clear cells and plexus neurons of the middle compartment. Radioautographic labelling with [3H]noradrenaline and [3H]adrenaline overlaid many epithelial cells, elytral nerves and sensory papillae, but not the loose neuronal plexus or, apparently, clear cells. It is concluded that monoaminergic systems are widely distributed and that they must play important roles as neuroactive and/or paracrine substances in the elytral neuroectoderm. The distribution of [3H]5-HT label in photocytes also suggests the involvement of serotonergic mechanisms in luminescence control, luminescence being the only known effector activity of elytra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217326
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  • 19
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    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of a novel pituitary polypeptide “7B2” in the gastro-intestinal tract of the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 707-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: 7B2 polypeptide ; Gastro-intestinal tract ; Endocrine cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunoreactivity to the polypeptide designated “7B2” recently isolated from human and porcine pituitary glands, appears to be consistently confined to neuroendocrine and endocrine cells in various tissues. In rat gut, immunoreactive 7B2 was found in endocrine-paracrine cells. Highly labeled cells were found in the antrum of the stomach and, cells with lower concentrations, in the fundus, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Except for a few cells which were simultaneously positive for 5-hydroxytryptamine, and a few others showing Grimelius's reaction, “7B2” cells do not exhibit argentaffin and/or argyrophil character. The 7B2 polypeptide seems to be distributed amongst several different types of endocrine cells in the gut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217343
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Pathway-specific patterns of the co-existence of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin and dynorphin in neurons of the dorsal root ganglia of the guinea-pig (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 417-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Substance P ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Dynorphin ; Cholecystokinin ; Neuropeptide coexistence ; Sensory neurons ; Immunohistochemistry ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The co-existence of immunoreactivities to substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), cholecystokinin (CCK) and dynorphin (DYN) in neurons of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of guinea-pigs has been investigated with a double-labelling immunofluorescence procedure. Four main populations of neurons could be identified that contained different combinations of these peptides and had distinctive peripheral projections: (1) Neurons that contained immunoreactivity to SP, CGRP, CCK and DYN were distributed mainly to the skin. (2) Neurons with immunoreactivity to SP, CGPR and CCK, but not DYN, were distributed mainly to the small blood vessels of skeletal muscles. (3) Neurons with immunoreactivity to SP, CGRP and DYN, but not CCK, were distributed mainly to pelvic viscera and airways. (4) Neurons containing immunoreactivity to SP and CGRP, but not CCK and DYN, were distributed mainly to the heart, systemic blood vessels, blood vessels of the abdominal viscera, airways and sympathetic ganglia. Other small populations of DRG neurons containing SP, CGRP or CCK alone also were detected. Perikarya containing these combinations of neuropeptides were not found in autonomic ganglia. The peripheral axons of neurons containing immunoreactivity to at least SP and CGRP were damaged by chronic treatment with capsaicin. However, some sensory neurons containing CCK alone were not affected morphologically by capsaicin. These results clearly show that individual DRG neurons can contain many different neuropeptides. Furthermore, the combination of neuropeptides found in any particular neuron is related to its peripheral projection.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218210
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
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    Immunohistochemical demonstration of serotonergic and peptidergic nerve fibers in the subcommissural organ of the dog (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 287-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Subcommissural organ ; Immunohistochemistry ; Serotonergic fibers ; Peptidergic fibers ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distributional patterns of serotonin-, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-, oxytocin (OXT)- and vasopressin (VP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers were studied in the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the dog by use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Abundant serotonergic and moderate numbers of peptidergic nerve fibers running toward the ventricular surface were observed among the cylindrical ependymal cells in the SCO of the dog. Concerning the distributional density of the peptidergic nerve fibers, VP-immunoreactive fibers displayed the highest and LHRH-immunoreactive fibers the lowest values. Most serotonergic and peptidergic fibers returned to the basal portion of the SCO after forming loops immediately beneath the ventricular surface of the ependymal layer. Serotonin-immunoreactive fibers often established a perivascular plexus around the blood vessels in the SCO. At the electron-microscopic level, after use of antiserum to serotonin dark immunoprecipitate was observed in large granular vesicles and the matrix surrounding small and large, clear vesicles and mitochondria; VP immunoreactivity was localized in the large granular vesicles. Serotonergic nerve fibers could be detected in the SCO of the newborn dog. Although the distributional density was in principle not different from that in the adult animal, individual fibers showed immature features such as growth cones and insufficiently swollen varicosities. After penetrating into the ventricle, in the newborn dog, a few serotonin-immunoreactive fibers ran for a relatively long distance on the ependymal surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218195
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary sensory neurons of the rat showing calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity and their relation to substance P-, somatostatin-, galanin-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- and cholecystokinin-immunoreactive ganglion cells (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 247 (1987), S. 417-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Dorsal root ganglia ; Neuropeptides ; Coexistence ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of the indirect immunofluorescence technique the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactivity (LI) has been analyzed in cervical and lumbar dorsal root ganglia of untreated and colchicine-treated rats. In addition, lumbar ganglia were examined 2 weeks after transection of the sciatic nerve. The occurrence of CGRP-positive cells in relation to ganglion cells containing substance P-, somatostatin-, galanin-, cholecystokinin (CCK)-, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)/peptide histidine isoleucin (PHI)-LI has been evaluated on consecutive sections as well as using elution-restaining and double-staining techniques. CGRP-LI was observed in many ganglion cells of all sizes ranging in diameter from 15 μm to 65 μm. Thus, this peptide occurs also in the large primary sensory neurons. In contrast to the sensory peptides described to date, CGRP-positive cells constituted up to 50% of all and 70% of the medium-sized neurons, thus being the most frequently occurring peptide in sensory neurons so far encountered. Subpulations of CGRP-positive neurons were shown to contain substance P-, somatostatin-, or galanin-LI and some CGRP-positive neurons contained both substance P- and galanin-LI. In fact, most substance P-, somatostatin- and galanin-positive cell bodies were CGRP-immunoreactive. The coexistence analysis further revealed that galanin and substance P often coexisted and that some cells contained both substance P- and somatostatin-LI, whereas no coexistence between galanin and somatostatin has as yet been seen. VIP/PHI-LI was only shown in a few cells in untreated or colchicine-treated rats. However, after transcetion of the sciatic nerve numerous VIP/PHI-positive cells were observed, some of which also contained CGRP-LI. The present results indicate that a CGRP-like peptide is present in a wide range of primary sensory neurons probably not related to specific sensory modalities. Often this peptide coexists with other biologically active peptides. Taken together these findings suggest that CGRP may have a generalized function.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218323
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  • 23
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    Ontogeny of gonadotropin releasing hormone and gonadotropin immunoreactivity in brain and pituitary of normal and estrogen-treated guppies, Poecilia reticulata Peters (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 227-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gonadotropin releasing hormone ; Gonadotropin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotropic hormone (GTH) were identified by immunohistochemistry in the brains and pituitaries of neonate, juvenile and adult guppies. GTH was present in some cells of the pars intermedia (pi) and proximal pars distalis (ppd) of all animals. GnRH was found in the perikarya of the nucleus olfactoretinalis. In the pituitaries of juvenile 30-day-old guppies, GnRH-immunoreactive cells existed in a “juvenile pattern”, whereas in adult animals GnRH was recognized in only a few cells. GnRH-immunoreactive fibers were seen in the pituitaries of animals that were 30 days or older. In adult guppies, the ventral and lateral ppd (the gonadotropic region) contained a dense network of GnRH-immunoreactive fibers. Pituitary cells staining for either GnRH or GTH were located in different places. After immunohistochemical double staining of adult pituitaries, none of the GnRH-immunoreactive cells were LH-immunoreactive, although both cell types were often found in close proximity. After 20 days or more of ethinylestradiol treatment, less immunoreactive GnRH was detected in the pituitary cells of juvenile guppies, and fewer animals exhibited the “juvenile pattern” of GnRH-immunoreactive pituitary cells, when compared with untreated controls. The results indicate that GnRH-immunoreactive pituitary cells in the guppy are distinct from gonadotropes and that these cells are involved in regulatory processes along the juvenile brain-pituitary-gonad axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215438
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
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    The distribution of nuclear progesterone receptor in the hypothalamus and forebrain of the domestic hen (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Progesterone receptor ; Hypothalamus ; Forebrain ; Immunohistochemistry ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cell nuclei containing progesterone receptor were identified immunohistochemically in the hypothalamus and forebrain of the domestic hen using an antiserum to the steroid binding “B” subunit (110 kDa) of chicken oviduct progesterone receptor and the avidin-biotin complex procedure. Cell nuclei containing progesterone receptor were widely distributed in the anterior, medial and basal hypothalamus with the highest density occurring in the lamina terminalis and the preoptic area. Abundant, though less intensely reacting progesterone receptor was present in cell nuclei in the tuberal infundibular area and in the internal zone of the median eminence. A large group of cell nuclei containing progesterone receptor occurred in the dorsal anterior hypothalamus between the anterior commissure and the lateral ventricle. This group of nuclei extended anteriorly into the telencephalon. A small number of cell nuclei containing progesterone receptor was also found in the ventral telencephalon in the region of the nucleus accumbens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01239981
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
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    Galanin-immunoreactive nerves in the rat iris: alterations induced by denervations (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 267-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Galanin ; Iris ; Choroid membrane ; Immunohistochemistry ; Trigeminal ganglion ; Superior cervical ganglion ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Capsaicin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The iris and choroid membrane of the adult rat contain nerve fibers expressing immunoreactivity to the neuropeptide galanin. The density and distribution of galanin-positive nerve fibers varied from iris to iris and, particularly, among animals. Smooth, non-terminal axons were seen running in nerve bundles consisting of otherwise negative fibers. From the choroid membrane these bundles reached the iris via the ciliary body. Axons were frequently seen to branch giving rise to a sparse system of varicose, single fibers in the dilator plate and sphincter area. Galanin-positive fibers were sometimes also seen outlining blood vessels. Capsaicin, in a dose that causes permanent depletion of substance P- and cholecystokinin-immunoreactive fibers in the iris, caused no change in amount of galanin-positive fibers. Removal of the superior cervical ganglion caused a rapid and pronounced increase in the number of galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers. Similarly, removal of the ciliary ganglion appeared to increase galanin immunoreactivity, while removal of the pterygopalatine ganglion was less effective. Lesioning of the trigeminal ganglion caused a disappearance of galanin immunoreactivity. The sympathetectomy-induced increase was counteracted by capsaicin. Galanin-positive nerve cell bodies were present in both the superior cervical and the trigeminal ganglia. In the superior cervical ganglion, immunoreactive galanin did not seem to coexist with neuropeptide Y-positive cells; in the trigeminal ganglion, some galanin-positive cells also contained calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity, while most cells did not. In the iris, double-staining suggested that CGRP and galanin immunoreactivities were contained in different fiber populations. We conclude that the rat iris and choroid membrane contain a sparse plexus of nerve fibers expressing galanin-like immunoreactivity. It is suggested that these fibers are derived from the trigeminal ganglion. The iris is able to respond with a pronounced increase in number of galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers to certain denervation procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219071
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