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  • Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry  (71)
  • Mathematics and Statistics  (64)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (135)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 1985-1989  (135)
  • 1986  (135)
Collection
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (135)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Years
  • 1985-1989  (135)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wall effects on the slow steady motion of a particle in a viscous incompressible fluid (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 23-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper, asymptotic expansions with respect to small Reynolds numbers are proved for the slow steady motion of an arbitrary particle in a viscous, incompressible fluid past a single plane wall. The flow problem is modelled by a certain boundary value problem for the stationary, nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations. The coefficients of these expansions are the solutions of various, linear Stokes problems which can be constructed by single layer potentials and corresponding boundary integral equations on the boundary surface of the particle. Furthermore, some asymptotic estimates at small Reynolds numbers are presented for the slow steady motion of an arbitrary particle in a viscous, incompressible fluid between two parallel, plane walls and in an infinitely long, rectilinear cylinder of arbitrary cross section.In the case of the flow problem with a single plane wall, the paper is based on a thesis, which the author has written under the guidance of Professor Dr. Wolfgang L. Wendland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080103
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  • 2
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    Local existence of solutions of the vlasov-maxwell equations and convergence to the vlasov-poisson equations for infinite light velocity (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 533-558 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We prove the local existence of smooth solutions for the Vlasov-Maxwell equations in three space variables. The existence time for such solutions is independent of the light velocity c. Then we derive regularity results for both the Vlasov-Poisson and the Vlasov-Maxwell equations. The last part of the paper is devoted to a proof of weak and strong convergence of the Vlasov-Maxwell equations towards the Vlasov-Poisson equations, when the light velocity c goes to infinity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080135
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  • 3
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    Masthead (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080101
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  • 4
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    On a free boundary value problem of physical geodesy, II (existence)This paper is part of the author's “Habilitationsschrift”, accepted by the “Fachbereich 6 der Universität - Gesamthochschule - Essen”. (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 1-22 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The determination of the figure of the earth is considered as a local free boundary value problem of potential theory. In the C1,ε-topology local existence is proved by means of Legendre transforms. This method also provides an elementary argument for the regularity of the solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080102
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  • 5
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    An optimal design problem for submerged bodies (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 50-76 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The problem of finding the shape of a smooth body submerged in a fluid of finite depth which minimizes added mass or damping is considered. The optimal configuration is sought in a suitably constrained class so as to be physically meaningful and for which the mathematical problem of a submerged body with linearized free surface condition is uniquely solvable. The problem is formulated as a constrained optimization problem whose cost functional (e.g. added mass) is a domain functional. Continuity of the solution of the boundary value problem with respect to variations of the boundary is established in an appropriate function space setting and this is used to establish existence of an optimal solution. A variational inequality is derived for the optimal shape and it is shown how finite dimensional approximate solutions may be found.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080105
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  • 6
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    The two-dimensional, linear, orthotropic plate: The traction problem (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 102-116 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In [13] we extended the analysis of Ciarlet and Destuynder [5] to the clamped orthotropic plate. For the present paper we shall apply these methods to the orthotropic plate under traction. In particular, we shall be considering the type of problem posed in Friedrichs and Dressler [10] for the isotropic plate and make use of the fact that the variational problem will split just as was the case for the partial differential equation formulation. With the present approach we shall be able to produce a proper convergence analysis for the formal asymptotics used in Friedrichs and Dressler.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080108
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  • 7
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    On optimal shape design of systems governed by mixed Dirichlet-Signorini boundary value problems (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 157-181 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A problem for finding optimal shape for systems governed by the mixed unilateral boundary value problem of Dirichlet-Signorini-type is considered. Conditions for the solvability of the problem are stated when a variational inequality formulation and when a penalty method is used for solving the state problem in question. The asymptotic relation of design problems based on these two formulations is presented. The optimal shape design problem is discretized by means of finite element method. The convergence results for the approximation are proved. The discretized versions are then formulated as a non-linear programming problem. Results of practical computations of the problem in question are reported.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080111
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  • 8
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    Functional spaces for norton-hoff materials (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 206-222 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Some specific functional spaces are required for the study of Norton-Hoff materials. For this purpose we establish here a Korn's inequality and miscellaneous results of duality, traces, density and orthogonality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080113
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  • 9
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    A reaction-diffusion system modelling the spread of bacterial infections (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 234-246 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We investigate a system of reaction-diffusion equations which model the spread of a bacterial infection in a human population. A decoupling technique together with global bifurcation theory is used to study the steady-state solutions of the system. The asymptotic behaviour of solutions is discussed by using sub and subersolutions and the quasimonotonicity of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080115
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  • 10
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    Periodic solutions of quasilinear non-autonomous systems with impulses (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 247-255 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The paper considers a system of differential equations with impulse perturbations at fixed moments in time of the formwhere x ∊ Rn, ε is a small parameter,Sufficient conditions have been found for existence of the periodic solution of the given system in the critical and non-critical cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080116
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  • 11
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    A note on the nonlinear stability of a spatially symmetric vlasov-possion flow (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 284-288 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We give sufficient conditions for the nonlinear stability of a, possibly non-smooth, spatially homogeneous Vlasov-Poisson flow.Research partially supported by Italian CNR and Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080119
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  • 12
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    Optimal controllability in viscoelasticity of rate type (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 368-386 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Recently, the control engineers interest turns upon material with structural damping, such as hysteretic effects in elastoplastic systems [27] and flexible space structures [30] and in particular with damping due to the viscoelastic nature of the material, in the sense of Kelvin, [7], [12]. The reason for this renewed interest is the possibility of constructing finite rank compensators with small spillover in the observation [1], [5], [11], [25].However, a control theory for the infinite system does not seem to exist in the literature. It is shown that the trajectories, initially in a certain subspace, can be steered to rest in any time T 〉 0 using distributed load controlsThe reesults are partially contained in [19].. Furthermore, and perhaps more interesting, the L2 (0, T, H)-norm of the control decreases as T increases. This gives rise to the problem of time-optimal-controllability and the correlation to the problem of minimum norm controllability.It is shown that the time-optimal control is characterized by a weak “bang-bang” principle.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080125
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  • 13
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    An algorithm for tracing the boundary curves of mushy regions in some degenerate diffusion problems (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 458-477 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We present an algorithm for approximating the solution of the degenerate diffusion problem ut = (φ(u))xx in (0,1) × R+ (with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions, and nonnegative initial datum u0), where φ(u) = min {ku1} for some ϰ 〉 0. The algorithm also provides an approximation for the interface curves which represent the boundary of the Mushy Region M = {(x, t): φ (u(x, t)) = 1}. The convergence of the algorithm is proved.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080130
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  • 14
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    A remark on N. Korevaar's concavity maximum principle and on the asymptotic uniqueness of solutions to the plasma problem (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 93-101 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Recently N. Korevaar developed a method of proving that solutions to elliptic and parabolic boundary value problems on convex domains ω ⊂ Rn are convex functions. He introduced a concavity functionand used the classical maximum principle to prove that C ≥ 0 on ω × ω, i.e. that u is convex. Both he and independently L. Caffarelli and J. Spruck applied this method successfully to various boundary value problems. In this note we weaken the assumptions of their theorems and obtain some interesting new applications which are not covered by their previous results [CS, Ko].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080107
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  • 15
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    Distribution of resistive body-force in curved free-surface flow (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 492-501 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The customary procedure for including resistive effects in turbulent hydraulic and stratified atmospheric flows is to integrate the empirically-known boundary shears over the entire wetted boundary of a thin fluid slab. A resistive body-force is then assumed to exist everywhere in each slab to replace the boundary shearing force. For the classical Saint-Venant model, this body-force can be shown to have a constant distribution in the vertical direction, and therefore can be evaluated for use in the momentum differential equation. In the newer Dressler theory, however, for unsteady flow over curved beds, it is proved here that a constant body-force distribution is not possible. We determine its variable distribution and its magnitude for use in the curved-flow equations. This vasriable distribution acts to produce an equal resultant in every thin layer of fluid parallel to the bed in an angular wedge over the curved channel bed. The new curved-flow equations are therefore extended to include resistive effects.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080132
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  • 16
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    On the simulation source technique for exterior problems in acousticsThis research was carried out while the second author was visiting the University of Göttingen on a Humboldt stipendium. (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 585-597 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: For the solution of the exterior Dirichlet problem for the Helmholtz equation we propose to seek the solution in the form of an acoustic single-layer potential with a distribution extended over an internal surface. This leads to an ill-posed integral equation of the first kind which can be approximately solved by the Tikhonov regularization technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080138
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  • 17
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    Formulation variationnelle pour le calcul de la diffraction d'une onde acoustique par une surface rigide (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 598-608 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This work is a continuation of [1]. We give a space-time variational formula to the problem of the scattered acoutic wave by a hard body, using the double layer retarded potential technique. New schemes are constructed from this variationnal formula, for which we prove the stability and errors estimates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080139
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  • 18
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    Existence and uniqueness of a rayleigh surface wave propagating along the free boundary of a transversely isotropic elastic half space (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 289-310 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this article the existence and the uniqueness of a Rayleigh surface wave propagating along the free boundary of a transversely isotropic elastic half space are proved by a spectral method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080120
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  • 19
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    On a nonlinear volterra equation (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 345-350 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Nonnegative solutions u of the nonlinear Volterra equation u = a * g(u) (g(0) = 0) in mathematical physics are considered. Under certain assumptions the nonhomogenuous equation u = a * g(u) + ƒ is studied. Some approximations of nonnegative solutions of the homogenuous equation are considered by the nonnegative solutions of the nonhomogenuous one.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080123
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  • 20
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    Generalized herglotz domains (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 451-457 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Let F(θ k, α) be the far field pattern arising from the scattering of a time harmonic plane acoustic wave of wave number k and direction a by a sound-soft cylinder of cross section D. Suppose F has the Fourier expansionwhere an = an(k, . Then if ϰ2 is a Dirichlet eigenvalue for D, sufficient conditions are given on D for the existence of a nontrivial sequence |bn| where the bn are independent of such that for all directions Domains for which this is true are called generalized Herglotz domains. The conditions for a domain to be a generalized Herglotz domain are given either in terms of the Schwarz function for the analytic boundary ϱD or in terms of the Rayleigh hypothesis in acoustic scattering theory and examples are given showing the applicability of these conditions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080129
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  • 21
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    A justification of the one-dimensional linear model of elastic beam (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 502-515 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we prove that the one-dimensional model of elastic beam is an approximation to the three-dimensional linear theory of elasticity.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080133
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  • 22
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    Stationary, oscillatory and solitary wave type solution of singular nonlinear schrödinger equations (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 559-575 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: It is proven that for a certain class of singular nonlinear Schrödinger equations there exist stationary ground state and oscillatory solutions. Furthermore the existence of those solitary wave type solutions is considered which do not necessarely vanish at infinity. The results are applied to problems from plasma physics; to superfluid films, and to the Heisenberg ferromagnet spin chain.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080136
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    A boundary integral equation method for three-dimensional crack problems in elasticity (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 609-623 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper presents a solution procedure for three-dimensional crack problems via first kind boundary integral equations on the crack surface. The Dirichlet (Neumann) problem is reduced to a system of integral equations for the jump of the traction (of the field) across the crack surface. The calculus of pseudodifferential operators is used to derive existence and regularity of the solutions of the integral equations. With the concept of the principal symbol and the Wiener-Hopf technique we derive the explicit behavior of the densities of the integral equations near the edge of the crack surface. Based on the detailed regularity results we show how to improve the boundary element Galerkin method for our integral equations. Quasi-optimal asymptotic estimates for the Galerkin error are given.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080140
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    The influence of a geographical barrier on the balance of selection and migration (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 269-283 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In biology, a cline is defined as a usually gradual change in gene frequency or phenotype of a population in equilibrium, from one place to another.We define a cline as a nonconstant stable steady state solution. However, for the model studied in this paper, these two definitions coincide: a nonconstant stable steady state solution is necessarily monotone. It is proved that for small values of the penetrability of the barrier, exactly two clines exist.Since we prove that the Ω-limit set of any initial condition is a steady state solution, the information thus obtained yields a rather complete understanding of the qualitative behaviour of the solutions of the evolution problem under consideration.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080118
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    Polarized light transfer above a reflecting surface (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 311-327 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The existence and uniqueness are established for the solution of the equation of transfer of polarized light in a homogeneous atmosphere of finite optical thickness, assuming reflection by the planetary surface. A general Lp-space formulation is adopted. The boundary value problem is first written as a vector-valued integral equation. Using monotonicity properties of the spectral radii of the integral operators involved as well as recent half-range completeness results for kinetic equations with reflective boundary conditions, the present results follow as a corollary.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080121
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    Exterior stokes problems and decay at infinity (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 351-367 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We study the exterior Dirichlet and Neumann problem for the 3-dimensional Stokes equations. By the use of the theory of hydrodynamical potentials, the decay at infinity can be completely characterized in the framework of weighted Sobolev spaces. The results are applied to the theory of weak solutions and to the Whitehead paradox.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080124
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  • 27
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    Formulation variationnelle espace-temps pour le calcul par potentiel retardé de la diffraction d'une onde acoustique (I) (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 405-435 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We give here a space-time variational formula to the problem of the transient acoustic scattering by a free (pressure release) surface, using the retarded potential technique. From this formula, we obtain new schemes for the calculation of the potential density. We prove stability and convergence of such schemes: these are as far as we know, the first results in that direction for such problem. The case of a hard obstacle will be treated in the second part of the paper.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.1670080127
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    Absorbing boundary conditions for the linearized shallow water equations (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 41-49 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A mixed problem imitating the Cauchy problem for the linearized shallow water equations is considered. This problem is also a mixed problem with perfectly absorbing conditions (cp. [1], [3]). An exact formula for the conditions has been given.
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    On an exterior boundary-value problem for the time-harmonic maxwell equations with boundary conditions for the normal components of the electric and magnetic field (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 77-92 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We treat the time-harmonic Maxwell equations with the boundary condition (ν, E) = (ν, H) = 0 in an exterior multiply connected domain. A uniqueness result by Yee for the case of a simply connected domain is extended to multiply connected domains and existence is obtained by a boundary integral equation approach.
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    On the computer implementation of a coupled boundary and finite element method for the bidimensional exterior steady stokes problem (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 117-133 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A numerical technique based on the coupling of boundary and finite element methods has been developed by the author for the steady Stokes problem in an unbounded domain. The present paper deals with the implementation of the coupled program in the two-dimensional case. Computational results are given for a particular problem which can be seen as a good test case for the accuracy of the method.
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    On the determination of the worst sampling error in a communication system for pulse-amplitude-modulated signals by solving an approximation problem (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 256-268 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A communication system for pulse-amplitude-modulated signals is considered whose impulse response is bandlimited. For a certain class of sampling errors the worst case is investigated where the sampling error of the system is such that the least mean square transmission error achieved by a suitable choice of the impulse response becomes maximal. This problem is dualized in the sense of two person game theory and thereby transferred to an equivalent approximation problem for whose solution a necessary and sufficient condition is given and applied to special cases.
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    Evolution of two concentrated vortices in a two-dimensional bounded domain (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 328-344 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We prove that two initially concentrated vortices with opposite vorticity of an incompressible ideal fluid moving in a two-dimensional bounded domain, remain concentrated during the time. The motion of their centers converges to the solution of the point vortex model with the corresponding initial conditions.
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    On the geometric form of free boundaries satisfying a bernoulli condition. II (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 387-404 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In the x-y plane, let Ω be an annular domain whose interior boundary Γ* is a known Jordan curve and whose exterior boundary Γ is a free boundary characterized by the condition that|ΔU| = 1 on Γ, where U is the capacity potential in Ω. We obtain a qualitative description of Γ involving such things as its inflection points and local maxima and minima relative to specified directions. We also extend these results to obtain qualitative properties of the free boundary when it is subjected to various geometric contraints. Our results generalize those in [1].
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    The low frequency limit for time-harmonic acoustic waves (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 436-450 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The question of convergence of the solution of the exterior Dirichlet boundary value problem of the first order system of linearized acoustics as the frequency ω tends to zero is considered. The particular difficulty of having zero as an eigenvalue is handled by introducing certain scalar characteristics that  -  if prescribed  -  imply uniqueness in the limit case ω = 0. Convergence to the static solution in a weighted L2-space is shown. Eventually the convergence result obtained can be extended to a larger class of boundary value problems of Mathematical Physics due to the structure of the argument.
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    A note on the rate of convergence for certain nonlinear evolution equations (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 479-491 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We estimate the rate of convergence to the stationary state for evolution equations which admit many H-theorems with respect to this stationary state.
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    A free boundary problem and stability for the nonlinear beam (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 516-532 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The stability bound for the classical nonlinear Euler beam is determined in the case that its deflection is limited by an obstacle parallel to the plane of the beam. Let a clamped or simply supported beam be axially compressed by a force P 〉 P0, where P0 denotes the critical load. So far only a linear theory has been applied to analyze the stability of the solutions in contact with the obstacle and the jumping to a different state. Utilizing a free boundary problem formulation we analytically as well as numerically answer these questions for the nonlinear beam.
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    On the scattering frequencies of time-dependent potentials (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 576-584 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper discusses the scattering frequencies associated with the scalar wave equation and a time-periodic, real, potential. It is shown that the scattering frequencies form a discrete set in the complex plane and depend continuously on the potential. Existence of the scattering frequencies is proved for periodic potentials which are perturbations of a time independent, nonnegative, potential.
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    Low frequency asymptotics for the reduced wave equation in two-dimensional exterior spaces (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 134-156 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider the Dirichlet problem for the reduced wave equation ΔUx + x2Ux = 0 in a two-dimensional exterior domain with boundary C, where C consists of a finite number of smooth closed curves C1,…,Cm. The question of interest is the behavior of Ux as ϰ → 0. We show that U converges to the solution of the corresponding exterior Dirichlet problem of potential theory if the boundary data converge to a limit uniformly on C. This generalizes a well-known result of R. C. MacCamy for the case m = 1.
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    Integral equations for the Fourier-transformed boundary values for the transmission problems for right-angled wedges and octants (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 182-205 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A 4×4-system of integral equations for the Fourier transformed boundary values of the normal derivatives of the wave functions defined in the four quadrants of R2-space is derived. This system results from the scalar transmission problem with continuous passage of the boundary values of the total wave-fields and of the weighted normal derivatives corresponding to the case of magnetically polarized fields. Several equivalent systems of integral equations are deduced then which show that Banach's fixed point principle may be applied at least for slightly differing media in the four quadrants. The method, which is equivalent to a compatibility condition for holomorphic functions, may be generalized to the case of the scalar transmission problem for octants in R3-space. There a 12 × 12-system of integral equations for the Fourier transformed normal derivatives on the quarter-plane faces is established.
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    On a simulation scheme for the Boltzmann equation (1986)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 8 (1986), S. 223-233 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Applied Mathematics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A scheme for the simulation of solutions of the Boltzmann equation derived by Nanbu is investigated. Rigorous results concerning questions of justification, the computation effort and the energy fluctuations are presented.
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    On least-squares approximations to compressible flow problems (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 207-228 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A direct finite-element method for computer solutions of compressible potential flow problems is presented. An analysis of least-squares approximation is given, including optimal order estimates for piecewise polynomial approximation spaces. The model problem considered is that of potential flow past a cylinder. Numerical results for the model problem are given for a shock-free subsonic case.
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    An explicit finite difference solution to the convection-dispersion equationPresented at the Fifth IMACS International Symposium on Computer Methods for Partial Differential Equations. (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 229-237 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: An explicit finite difference equation has been development for the solution of the convection-dispersion equation. This equation has been over the entire range of 2D/vΔx between zero and one, region where no completely satisfactory method has been previously available. No oscillations or numerical dispersion were observed in any of the solutions.
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    Discontinuities across element interfaces in the global element method (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 259-272 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this article we extend the global element method formalism (Delves and Hall, 1979) for two-dimensional partial differential equations to admit the possibility of solution discontinuities across element interfaces. This extension has particular relevance to problems involving sinks and sources, such as occur in oil well or groundwater management.
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    Efficient boundary element methods for three-dimensional exterior viscous flows (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 273-297 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: An efficient numerical algorithm for partial differential equations in complicated three-dimensional (3-D) geometries is developed in case of exterior viscous flows. The algorithm essentially consists of a boundary element method, where the resulting algebraic system is solved with a multigrid procedure. Our investigation covers and exact mathematical foundation, a detailed analysis of the discretization error, and some numerical tests with reasonable physical examples.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986) 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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    Nonreflecting upwind boundaries for hyperbolic equations (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 1-12 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: It is commonly, but erroneously, assumed that the best way to treat upwind (closed) boundaries in numerical approximations of hyperbolic equations consists in a literal transcription, letting the numerical value be equal to the prescribed value. This results in a total reflection of spurious solutions that may arrive at the boundary from the computing domain. Those reflected solutions cannot be distinguished from consistent solutions, and they may seriously degrade the overall accuracy. We show that modifications of this treatment of the boundary may result in the absorption of spurious solutions. The effect of the absorbing properties of these boundary schemes is analyzed in Fourier space. We also analyze their numerical stability properties, and their effect on the accuracy of solutions generated in response to a time dependent boundary condition.
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    A family of numerical methods for diffusion and reaction-diffusion equations (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 31-45 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A family of methods is developed for the numerical solution of second-order parabolic partial differential equations in one space dimension. The methods are second-, third-, or fourth-order accurate in time; five of them are seen to be L0-stable in the sense of Gourlay and Morris, while the sixth is seen to be A0-stable, The methods are tested on four problems from the literature, three diffusion problems and one reaction-diffusion problem.
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    Stability of penalty finite-element methods for nonconforming problems (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 13-29 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Penalty methods have been proposed as a viable method for enforcing interelement continuity constraints on nonconforming elements. Particularly for fourth-order problems in which C1-continuity leads to elements of high degree or complex composite elements, the use of penalty methods to enforce the C1-continuity constraint appears promising. In this study we demonstrate equivalence of the finite-element penalty method to a hybrid method and provide a stability analysis which implies that the penalty method is stable only if reduced integration of a certain order is used. Numerical experiments confirm that the penalty method fails if this condition is not met.
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    The effects of symmetric/asymmetric boundary conditions on the flow of an internally heated fluid (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 47-61 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The two-dimensional flow of an internally heated fluid in a circular vessel has been investigated by using a finite-control-volume numerical model. It has been found that, when symmetry constraints are imposed along the vertical midplane of the vessel, two distinct flow patterns can he predicted for the same operating conditions, a jet-momentum-dominated pattern and buoyancy-dominated pattern. These patterns occur in an operating region where momentum and buoyancy forces are of comparable magnitude. However, when the symmetry constraints are removed and the full vessel cross section is modeled, only the buoyancy-dominated pattern is observed. Results for the two cases are described and possible reasons for the differences in behavior are discussed.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986) 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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    Fourth-order accurate one-step integration methods with large imaginary stability limits (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 63-70 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: One-step integration methods of fourth-order accuracy using an odd number of function evaluations K, to solve dy/dt = A · y, are proposed. These methods have an imaginary stability limit \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ S_{1\;} = \sqrt {(K - 1)^2 - 4} $\end{document}. In the case K = 5 the Kutta-Merson method results.
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    Mixed finite element methods for the approximation of time-dependent problems (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 101-111 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A given elliptic boundary problem can, in general, be approximated by several different mixed finite element methods, depending on what physical unknowns are most desired. The use of certain mixed methods for time-dependent problems has been proposed by Johnson and Thomee [5]. We analyze here some additional mixed methods for the time-dependent case which can be used to obtain direct approximations to alternate physical quantities of interest.
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    Variational grid generation (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 71-96 
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    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Recently, variational methods have been used to numerically generate grids on geometometric objects such as plane regions, volumes, and surfaces. This article presents a new method of determining variational problems that can be used to control such properties of the grid as the spacing of the points, area or volume of the cells, and the angles between the grid lines. The methods are applied to curves, surfaces, and volumes in three-dimensional space; then segments, plane curves, and plane regions appear as special cases of the general discussion. The methods used here are simpler and clearer and provide more direct control over the grid than methods that appear elsewhere. The methods are applicable to any simply connected region or any region that can be made simply connected by inserting artificial boundaries. The methods also generalize easily to solution-adaptive methods.An important ingredient in our method is the notion of a reference grid. A reference grid is defined on a region that is simpler, but analogous to, the geometric object on which a grid is desired. Variational methods are then used to transfer the reference grid to the geometric object. This gives simple and precise control of the local properties of the grid.
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    Exact solutions to difference equation models of Burgers' equation (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 123-129 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article gives exact solutions to several difference equation models of Burgers' equation. The particular cases considered correspond to the diffusion-free, nonlinear steady-state and linear steady-state situations.
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    Finite element treatment of boundary singularities by augmentation with non-exact singular functions (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 113-121 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A two-dimensional Poisson problem which contains both an interface and a reentrant corner is considered. For this problem the singular form of the solution at the reentrant corner is not known explicitly, with the result that a (nonexact) approximation to the singular form has to be calculated. The finite element method is applied to the Poisson problem, with the test and trial function spaces augmented with the nonexact singular functions. An error analysis for the nonexact augmentation is presented.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986) 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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    Numerical methods for the linear Boltzmann transport equation in slab geometry (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 131-151 
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    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: An iterative method for computing numerical solutions of a finite-difference system corresponding to the linear Boltzmann equation in slab geometry is presented. This iterative scheme gives a straightforward marching process starting from the given boundary and initial conditions. It is shown that with a suitable initial iteration the sequence of iterations converges monotonically to a unique solution of the finite-difference system. This monotone convergence leads to improved upper and lower bounds of the solution in each iteration, and to the well-posedness of the discrete system in the sense of Hadamard. It also leads to the convergence of the discrete system to the continuous system as the mesh size of the space-velocity-time variables approaches to zero. Under a mild restriction on the time-increment the discrete system is numerically stable, independent of the mesh-size of the space and velocity. An error estimate for the computed solution due to simultaneous initial and iteration error is obtained. Also given are some numerical results for the time-dependent and the steady-state solutions.
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    Solution of governing differential equations of vibrating cylindrical shells using B-spline functions (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 173-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The cubic B3-spline functions and eigenfunctions are used to obtain the approximate solution for the vibration of cylindrical shells in this paper. Unified computational schemes suited for various types of boundary conditions are formulated here. In comparison with the conventional finite elements method and finite strip method, the main features of the present method are higher accuracy, fewer unknowns, ease in programming, and economy in computer solution. The numerical results are given and compared with other numerical solutions.
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    Interior and boundary difference equations for hyperbolic differential equations (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 157-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Interior and boundary difference equations are derived for several hyperbolic partial differential equations by means of an integral method. The method is applied to a simple transport equation, to waves in a compressible, isentropic fluid, and to surface waves in shallow water. Boundary conditions treated are (a) a perfectly reflecting boundary, (b) an open boundary with outgoing waves and a specified incoming wave, and (c) a partially reflecting boundary. For open boundaries, the major assumption for the algorithms to be valid is that outgoing waves can be defined, an assumption equivalent to the most general statement of Sommerfeld's radiation condition. The difference equations obtained are conservative, second-order accurate, two time-level, explicit, and stable (for one-dimensional, time-dependent problems) for cΔt/Δx ≤ 1 where c is the wave speed, Δt is the temporal grid size, and Δx is the spatial grid size. Numerical calculations demonstrate the excellent accuracy of the procedure.
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    A multidomain spectral approximation of elliptic equationsWork performed in the research program of the Istituto di Analisi Numerica del C.N.R.-PAVIA. (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 187-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A spectral approximation for the Poisson equation defined on Ω = ]-1, 1[×] -1,1[ is studied. The domain Ω is decomposed into two rectangular regions and the equation is collocated at the Legendre nodes in each domain. On the common boundary of the two subdomains, suitable conditions are imposed in order to obtain a unique solution from the resulting linear system. Different values of the discretization parameters are allowed in each rectangle. We prove the stability of the scheme and give convergence estimates. The rate of convergence in a single subdomain, depends only on the regularity of the exact solution therein. An efficient preconditioning matrix is proposed.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/num.1690020401
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    Boundary element solution of the two-dimensional groundwater flow equation with stochastic free surface boundary condition (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 237-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: An innovative approach to the approximate solution of stochastic partial differential equations in groundwater flow is presented. The method uses a formulation of the Ito's lemma in Hilbert spaces to derive partial differential equations satisfying the moments of the solution process. Since the moments equations are deterministic, they could be solved by any analytical or numerical method existing in the literature. This permits the analysis and solution of stochastic partial differential equations occurring in two-dimensional or three-dimensional domains of any geometrical shape. The method is tested for the first time in the present paper through a practical application in a sandy phreatic aquifer at the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Ontario, Canada. The equation solved is the two-dimensional LaPlace equation with a dynamic, randomly perturbed, free surface boundary condition. The moments equations are derived and solved by using the boundary integral equation method. A comparison is made with a previous analytical solution obtained by applying the randomly forced one-dimensional Boussinesq equation, and some observations on modeling procedures are given.
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    A Petrov-Galerkin method and boundary approximations for hyperbolic initial boundary-value problems (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 299-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The Petrov-Galerkin method is used to construct a semidiscrete approximation for hyperbolic systems of equations in one space dimension. Stability is analyzed for the Cauchy problem and for an initial and boundary-value problem with positive and negative characeristic speeds of unequal magnitude. Numerical experiments are conducted on a linear problem to support the stability analysis and to compare the accuracies of various boundary approximations. Experiments on a nonlinear problem check the viability of the best boundary method.
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    Finite difference solution of viscoelastic flows by preconditioned conjugate gradients (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 (1986), S. 317-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-159X
    Keywords: Mathematics and Statistics ; Numerical Methods
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Attention is given to preconditioned conjugate gradients in the solution of systems of partial differential equations which arise in flows of viscoelastic liquids simulated by rheological implicit models. Finite differences discretization is used together with a generalization of the incomplete Cholesky conjugate-gradient method to include asymmetric nonsingular matrices, resulted from the discretization of the kinemetic fields and the pressure recovery problem in also considered in a two-dimensional planar flow.
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    Superoxide dismutase in the housefly, Musca domestica (L.) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 31-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: superoxide dismutase ; housefly ; Musca domestica ; enzyme purification and characterization ; rose bengal ; singlet oxygen ; enzyme deactivation ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Four superoxide dismutase (SOD) (E.C. 1.15.1.1) isozymes were present in whole tissue homogenates of Musca domestica when examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. One of the isozymes contained manganese, and the other three contained copper and zinc. All were observed in each of the body tagma (head, abdomen, and thorax) and at each developmental stage (egg to adult).The copper- and zinc-containing isozymes purified from newly emerged, adult M. domestica had a relative molecular weight of 34,800 as determined by gel filtration chromatography but consisted of two equal-size subunits of 16,000 as measured by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. An isoelectric point between 4.8 and 5.1 was measured. Approximately 2 mol each of copper and zinc were present per dimer. The three copper, zinc isozymes were identified as charge variants. The amino acid composition of the enzyme was similar to that of copper, zinc-containing superoxide dismutases from other sources.Purified housefly copper, zinc superoxide dismutase was neither deactivated nor able to protect lactic dehydrogenase against deactivation in the presence of light and rose bengal, a known generator of singlet oxygen. The role of SOD in the phototoxic reaction involving rose bengal is discussed.
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    Biosynthesis and distribution of ecdysone and 20-OH-ecdysone in Aedes aegypti (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 19-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Aedes aegypti ; methoprene ; ecdysone ; 20-OH-ecdysone ; egg development neurosecretory hormone ; HPLC ; TLC ; vitellogenesis ; RIA ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The distribution and biosynthesis of ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-OH-ecdysone) was followed in sugar- and blood-fed female Aedes aegypti. In both sugar- and early blood-fed animals most of the ecdysteroid determined by radioimmunoassay was found outside the ovary. Twenty-four to 40 h after blood feeding, however, ecdysteroid was distributed between ovary and carcass in the ratio of 1:1.5. Ecdysteroid titer reached a plateau between 18 to 40 h after the blood meal and decreased thereafter. Analysis of the ecdysteroid titer using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that both 20-OH-ecdysone and ecdysone were synthesized after the blood meal. The ratio of 20-OH-ecdysone to ecdysone remained essentially constant and fluctuated in parallel throughout egg development. Chromatography of the early ecdysteroid peak (8 h after feeding) using TLC and HPLC indicated that although it cross-reacted with ecdysteroid antibodies, it did not have the same elution times as ecdysone and 20-OH-ecdysone and is, therefore, probably a precursor of these ecdysteroids. Injections of egg development neurosecretory hormone (EDNH) preparation purified to near homogeneity, into ligated abdomens, induced ecdysteroid synthesis only if the abdomens were first treated with methoprene (12.5 pg). Methoprene at this concentration did not stimulate ecdysteroid synthesis in these abdomens. When blood-fed females were treated with [4-14C] cholesterol and analyzed using TLC and HPLC procedures, both [14C]labeled ecdysone and [14C]labeled 20-OH-ecdysone were synthesized in the ratio of 1:1.5. This report is the first to show that both ecdysone and 20-OH-ecdysone are synthesized in vivo in female A. aegypti.
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    Inhibition of hydrocarbon biosynthesis in the housefly by 2-Octadecynoate (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: hydrocarbon biosynthesis ; 2-octadecynoate ; housefly ; fatty acid synthetase ; fatty acid elongation ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The elongation of [9,10-3H]oleoyl-CoA with malonyl-CoA to form 20, 22, and 24 carbon monounsaturated fatty acids was demonstrated in housefly microsomes by radio-GLC. These elongation reactions, which have been postulated to be involved in hydrocarbon biosynthesis, have not been previously demonstrated in insects. 2-Octadecynoate (18:1 Δ2=) inhibited the in vivo incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into both fatty acids and hydrocarbons in a dose-dependent manner. At doses of 10 μg per female housefly of the alkynoic acid, the incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into hydrocarbon was inhibited 93%, the incorporation of [9,10-3H]oleate into hydrocarbon was inhibited 64%, and the incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into total internal lipid was inhibited 65%. Partially purified FAS was inhibited 50% and 95% at 15 μM and 40 μM, respectively, of the alkynoic acid. These results show that 2-octadecynoate inhibits hydrocarbon biosynthesis in the housefly by inhibiting FAS, and the in vivo data suggest that the elongation of 18:1 to longer chain fatty acids is also inhibited.
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    In vitro ecdysteroid conjugation by enzymes of Manduca sexta midgut cytosol (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 109-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Ecdysteroid phosphoester ; Manduca sexta ; midgut ; C18 SEP-PAK ; β-glucuronidase ; sulphatase ; acid phosphatase ; ATP:ecdysteroid phosphotransferase ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In incubations with 80,000g supernatant of Manduca sexta midgut homogenates, [3H]ecdysone was converted to 3-[3H]epiecdysone and tritiumlabeled highly polar metabolites. C18 SEP-PAK cartridges were found suitable for the separation and purification of the free ecdysteroids and of the highly polar metabolites. Eighty to ninety percent of the metabolites were hydrolyzed by enzyme mixtures (mainly β-glucuronidase, sulphatase, and acid phosphatase) from molluscs, even when β-glucuronidase activity was completely inhibited by D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone, or various human acid phosphatases (free of sulphatase activity). In each experiment, the hydrolysate contained a much higher proportion of 3-epiecydsone than the free (unconjugated) ecdysteroid fraction. [3H]ecdysone was not metabolized in anaerobic incubations of midgut supernatant that had been filtered through Sephadex G-25. Addition of 5 mM ATP and 5 mM Mg2+ restored the conjugate formation in incubations of Sephadex-filtered supernatant. Four ecdysone conjugates and two 3-epiecdysone conjugates were resolved by reversedphase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. It is concluded that the midgut cytosol contains several ATP:ecdysteriod phosphotransferases. This is the first demonstration of the formation of ecdysteroid phosphoconjugates in a cell-free system.
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    The effect of L-canavanine and L-canaline on the hemolymph amino acid composition of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.) (Sphingidae) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: L-canavanine ; L-canaline ; Manduca sexta ; plant-insect interactions ; hemolymph amino acids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Tobacco hornworm larvae, Manduca sexta (L.) (Sphingidae), were administered L-canaline either by parenteral injection or by dietary consumption. The overt toxicity and the alteration of hemolymph amino acids caused by these nonprotein amino acids were evaluated. The LD50 value for parenterally administered canavanine and canaline is 1.0 and 2.5 mg/g fresh body weight, respectively. A dietary concentration of 5.2 mM for canavanine and over 20 mM for canaline represent the respective LC50 values. A large percentage of the larvae reared on diets supplemented with additional arginine, ornithine, or 2,4-diaminobutyric acid in addition to canavanine or canaline were unable to complete larval-pupal ecdysis. These toxic effects were associated with a decreased glutamic acid hemolymph titer and dramatically elevated ornithine. On the other hand, larvae administered canavanine or canaline alone, either by dietary consumption or parenteral injection, experienced less drastic developmental aberrations. These symptoms were in some cases correlated with increased ornithine and glutamic acid titers. Evidence is presented that even a canavanine- and canaline-sensitive insect such as M. sexta has a marked ability to eliminate these protective allelochemicals.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030401
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    Isolation and in vitro synthesis of trypsin from the biting fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 307-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: trypsin ; protease ; midgut ; fat body ; Stomoxys calcitrans antibodies ; blood digestion ; TAME ; TLCK ; hide-powder azure ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The synthesis of [3H]trypsinlike enzyme by the fat body was followed in Stomoxys calcitransin vitro using a radioimmunoassay (RIA) developed against mammalian trypsin. Using high specific activity [3H]valine, trypsinlike activity was followed in midgut epithelial cells, thoracic muscle, and fat body removed from sugar-fed flies. Excreta protease of S. calcitrans was partially purified using charge and hydroxylapatite gel chromatography. Seventy-five percent of the enzyme eluted from these gels was inhibited by tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone HCI (TLCK) and was classified as trypsinlike. Electrophoresis of the trypsinlike enzyme indicated that it was only 50% pure. Trypsinlike activity from S. calcitrans bound to α1-globulin IV-I and formed a complex that was dissociated on a P-100 Bio-Gel column. Binding between the protease and the α1-gobulin IV-I caused a 1.4-fold increase in the apparent molecular weight of the protease on the P-100 Bio-Gel column. Trypsinlike activity was characterized in the midgut and excreta by affinity binding to covalently linked TLCK and tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone HCI (TAME)Sepharose 4B gels. Between 50% and 55% of the excreta protease and 5669% of the midgut protease bound to the affinity gels and was trypsinlike. Protease activity that did not bind to the gels was not inhibited by TLCK and did not have the esterolytic activity of trypsin.
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    Utilization of Δ5,7 - and Δ8-sterols by larvae of Heliothis zea (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 349-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Heliothis zea ; cholesterol ; 7-dehydrocholesterol ; 24-dihydrolanosterol ; 4,4-dimethylcholesterol ; ergosterol ; lanosterol ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Larvae from two populations of Heliothis zea were reared on artificial diets containing various sterols, which supported suboptimal growth, and their tissue sterols were characterized in order to determine how these dietary sterols are utilized by this insect. The sterols studied included Δ5,7-sterols (7-dehydrocholesterol or ergosterol), Δ8-sterols (lanosterol and/or 24-dihydrolanosterol), and a Δ5-sterol (4,4-dimethylcholesterol). Although larvae did not develop on 4,4-dimethylcholesterol, those fed primarily Δ8-4,4,14-trimethylsterols developed to the third instar. When the latter sterols were spared with cholesterol, the larvae reached the sixth instar and contained 4,4,14-trimethylsterols as well as cholesterol in their tissues. When larvae were fed 7-dehydrocholesterol, 〈1% of the larvae from one population developed to the sixth instar and these larvae contained 7-dehydrocholesterol as their principal sterol. The other larvae successfully completed their larval stage when they were transferred from the diet containing 7-dehydrocholesterol (or no sterol) to a diet containing cholesterol within at least 9 days. The sterol composition of larvae transferred from a diet containing cholesterol to a diet containing 7-dehydrocholesterol, after they had reached 60% of their final weight, was 54% cholesterol and 46% 7-dehydrocholesterol. The major sterol isolated from the tissues of the larvae fed ergosterol was also 7-dehydrocholesterol. Therefore, although the larva of H. zea can dealkylate and saturate the side chain of the Δ5,7,22-24β-methylsterol, it carries out little metabolism of the B ring of the nucleus. These studies demonstrate that, when Δ5,7- or Δ8-sterols are the principal sterols in the diet of H. zea, they are absorbed and incorporated into its tissues, although they slow the rate of growth and may prevent complete development of the larva.
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    Biosynthesis of makisterone A and 20-hydroxyecdysone from labeled sterols by the honey bee, Apis mellifera (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 415-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: campesterol ; cholesterol ; sitosterol ; 24-methylenecholesterol ; ecdysteroids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In an effort to determine the sterol precursor(s) of the 28-carbon ecdysteroid, makisterone A, honey bee pupae (13 days post-oviposition) were injected with radiolabeled sterols and subsequently examined for labeled ecdysteroids. High performance liquid chromatography of the pupal extracts revealed that [3H]campesterol was converted to a compound that behaved chromatographically identical to authentic makisterone A, and [14C]cholesterol was incorporated into a compound chromatographically like 20-hydroxyecdysone. No incorporation of either 24-[3H]methylenecholesterol or [14C]sitosterol into an ecdysteroid was observed. The neutral sterols of uninjected honey bee pupae contained 49.8% 24-methylenecholesterol on a relative percent basis and, with three other C28 and C29 sterols, accounted for over 99% of the total sterols present.
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    Larval development, developmental arrest, and hormone levels in the couple Galleria mellonella (lepidoptera-pyralidae) - Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata (diptera-tachinidae) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 457-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Tachinidae ; host-parasitoid interactions ; developmental arrest ; juvenile hormones ; ecdysteroids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: During their growth on the substitution host Galleria mellonella, about onethird of Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata larvae undergo a developmental arrest in the middle of the second stage. To assess the extent of endocrine involvement, juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysteroid (ECD) determinations by radioimmunoassays were made both on G. mellonella and P. nigrolineata throughout the larval development of this parasitoid. The transfer of G. mellonella larvae from the usual rearing temperature (27.5°C) to that required for infestation (21°C) significantly affects hormone titers: the JH level increases 10 to 20 times, while the ECD level becomes 10 times lower. The JH levels are lower in hosts with parasitoids in developmental arrest than in those with P. nigrolineata in continuous growth, but the high variability makes it seem unlikely that the titer of this hormone is critical in regulating development of the parasitoid. ECD levels are depressed in the hosts with parasitoids in developmental arrest and are increased when the parasitoids resume growth. Therefore, we propose that the main cause of the developmental arrest of P. nigrolineata is the low ECD levels characterizing some G. mellonella larvae for which the transfer to 21°C has induced some physiological disturbances.
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    Ecdysone 20-hydroxylation in imaginal wing discs of Pieris brassicae (lepidoptera): Correlations with ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone titers in pupae (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 501-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: ecdysone ; 20-hydroxyecdysone ; ecdysone 20-hydroxylase ; imaginal discs ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ecdysone 20-hydroxylase activity has been detected in pupal wing discs of Pieris brassicae. This activity is due to an enzyme system located in microsomal fractions. Its apparent Km is 58 nM for ecdysone. The enzyme is inhibited by the reaction product 20-hydroxyecdysone with an apparent Ki of 2.6 μM. Its activity varied during pupal-adult development with a maximum on day 4, when ecdysone levels are the highest in the animal. Although low, the peak activity is sufficient to assure 25% of the conversion of endogenous ecdysone into 20-hydroxyecdysone in pupae. Ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone levels were measured in hemolymph and whole animals; ecdysone appears to be mainly located in hemolymph, whereas 20-hydroxyecdysone seems to be equally distributed between hemolymph and tissues. All these findings are discussed in relation to the roles of ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone during pupal-adult development.
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    Yolk polypeptide processing in the fat body of Sarcophaga bullata (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 87-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: yolk polypeptides ; 20-hydroxyecdysone ; in vitro translation ; processing ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Sarcophaga bullata there are at least three genes coding for the major yolk polypeptides. By means of the reticulocyte cell-free translation system in combination with dog pancreatic microsomal membranes, it was demonstrated that minor processing of the peptides occurs in Sarcophaga. Prior to secretion, only the cleavage of the signal peptide is observed.In vitro translation experiments also revealed that Sarcophaga males require only 20-hydroxyecdysone and not juvenile hormone for the induction of the yolk polypeptide transcription. Following a single injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone in males, in vivo pulse labeling experiments showed that translation of the yolk polypeptides continues for no longer than 24-36 h; only a continuous stimulation by 20-hydroxyecdysone results in prolonged synthesis of the yolk polypeptides.
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    Into the lair of the gene (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 143-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Drosophila ; P elements ; regulatory sequences ; polytene chromosomes ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A new picture of gene and chromosome structure is emerging in Drosophila that differs considerably from that largely derived from polytene chromosome banding patterns and saturation mutagenesis. In particular, gene transfer has enabled us to more clearly limit the functional unit of a number of genes. Gene regulation may be studied at the molecular level with such techniques. The possible complexity of regulatory elements that may pose problems in their analysis is discussed.
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    Absence of female-specific protein in the hemolymph of stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 205-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Stomoxys calcitrans ; stable fly ; vitellogenin ; ovary ; fat body ; hemolymph ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Changes, during the reproductive cycle, in fat body, hemolymph, and ovarian proteins of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans were characterized quantitatively and qualitatively using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Protein content of all three tissues increased after blood feeding. Fat body protein increased first, followed by hemolymph and ovarian proteins. SDS-PAGE failed to identify vitellogenin in both female hemolymph and fat body samples. No single protein or group of proteins predominated at any stage of the reproductive cycle. Comparisons between male and female stable fly hemolymph and fat body proteins failed to detect female-specific proteins. Female-specific proteins, however, were detected in the hemolymph of four other species of Diptera.
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    Possible inactivation of ingested ecdysteroids by conjugation with long-chain fatty acids in the female tick Ornithodoros moubata (acarina:argasidae) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 235-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: ticks ; Ornithodoros moubata ; metabolism of ingested ecdysteroids ; detoxification ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ornithodoros moubata females proved to be extremely sensitive to ingested 22,25-dideoxyecdysone; 15-20 ng provoked molting in all females and temporarily inhibited vitellogenesis. In contrast, this tick was very resistant to ingested ecdysteroids containing 22-OH groups, such as ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, ponasterone A, and makisterone A. Dosages about 500 times greater were necessary to produce supermolting and reduce fecundity [Connat et al: Z Ang Ent 96, 520 (1983)]. Ingested tritiated ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, 2-deoxyecdysone, and ponasterone A were rapidly converted to apolar esterase-labile metabolites having approximately the same retention time as the AP2 identified as esters of ecdysteroids at C-22 with long-chain fatty acids (C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2) [Diehl et al: Int J Invert Reprod Dev 8, 1 (1985)]. These products were then gradually transformed to the more polar apolar conjugates, AP1. A more detailed study with ingestion of large quantities of 20-hydroxyecdysone (10 μ/ml blood) demonstrated that only small amounts of free hormone were present in the hemolymph during the first day after the blood meal. The hormone was rapidly metabolized to AP2, then to AP1, in the intestinal cells and to a lesser extent in the peripheral tissues. Finally, AP1 accumulated in the intestinal cells and midgut content, probably because excretion outside the animal is impossible in this tick species.In contrast, ingested 22,25-dideoxyecdysone was not metabolized to apolar products. This could account for its high biological activity. This compound was converted to unidentified more polar products. Two of them comigrated with ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone on RP-18 HPLC column, but not on silica column, and therefore cannot correspond to these compounds.We hypothesize that esterification of ecdysteroids at the C-22 position with fatty acids represents a detoxification mechanism for ingested ecdysteroids that might be present in blood from herbivorous or parasite-infected hosts.
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    Clones of Aedes albopictus cells resistant to methylmercaptopurine riboside (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 293-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Aedes albopictus cells ; methylmercaptopurine riboside resistance ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Four clones of A. albopictus cells resistant to 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside (MMPR) (MMPR-10, -11, -12, and -21) were isolated after mutagenesis of the parental LT C-7 cells. As assayed by plating efficiencies these clones were from ten- to 20-fold more resistant to MMPR than the LT C-7 cells. Resistance was also demonstrated by the fact that concentrations of MMPR, which reduced the levels of ATP and GTP in LT C-7 cells, had no such effect in the MMPR-resistant cells. When de novo purine biosynthesis was measured by the incorporation of [14C]formate into ATP and GTP, MMPR had little effect on the MMPR-10 cells (15% inhibition) but did depress synthesis considerably in the MMPR-11 cells (80% inhibition) although not as severely as in the LT C-7 cells (95% inhibition). Three of the resistant clones which were tested also showed considerable resistance to guanosine. Although the mechanism of resistance to MMPR in these cells is not clear it likely involves some alteration in one of the early enzymes involved in purine biosynthesis. Resistant as well as sensitive cells showed a new high-performance liquid chromatography peak after treatment with MMPR suggesting that there was no defect in the uptake of MMPR. The conversion of labeled adenosine to AMP, ADP, and ATP in the resistant cells indicated that these cells were not deficient in adenosine kinase, another possible mechanism of resistance to MMPR. All clones showed a reduction in GTP following treatment with ribavirin; however, they varied considerably with respect to the amount of ribavirin triphosphate which they formed. In the case of the MMPR-11 cells the amount of ribavirin triphosphate formed was markedly sensitive to cultural conditions. The fact that the various MMPR-resistant cells responded differently to ribavirin, and that quantitative differences were also seen in their responses to MMPR (as measured by [14C]formate incorporation) and to guanosine, suggests that there are significant phenotypic differences among these resistant clones.
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    [N-Methyl-3H]Scopolamine binding sites in the central nervous system of the cockroach Periplaneta americana (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 339-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors ; cockroach CNS ; [N-methyl-3H]scopolamine ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The binding of [N-methyl-3H]scopolamine to a cockroach nerve cord preparation has been investigated. Specific [N-methyl-3H]scopolamine binding was found to be saturable and of high affinity (Kd = 13.9 nM). Muscarinic ligands were found to displace [N-methyl-3H]scopolamine binding more effectively than nicotinic ligands. The distribution of these [N-methyl-3H]scopolamine binding sites was examined in the metathoracic ganglion at the light microscope level by autoradiographical techniques. Specific binding was found to be localized to distinct regions of the neuropile. This pattern showed certain similarities to that seen when the ganglion was stained for acetylcholinesterase, suggesting a functional role for these insect muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
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    Presence and regulation of trehalose in the body of adult Phormia regina (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 381-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: blood sugar ; fat body ; hemolymph ; hypotrehalosemic hormone ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Trehalose, the major blood sugar of Phormia regina, is present within its tissues in an amount exceeding that in the total blood volume. A major part of the reserve is found in the abdominal fat body. An investigation of trehalose regulation, pursued with the use of a trehalose tolerance test, indicates that within a period of 4 h the adult fly can remove from its blood amounts of this sugar in excess of twice its normal level. The surplus is dealt with in an as yet unknown way, being either sequestered in the tissues (not as trehalose or glucose), metabolized, or excreted in a form other than trehalose or glucose. The process is regulated by the head, and a link between the body and the head must be maintained throughout the entire period of activity.
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    The neutral sterols of Megalotomus quinquespinosus (say) (hemiptera: Alydidae) and identification of makisterone a as the major free ecdysteroid (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 423-430 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: molting hormones ; dietary sterols ; HPLC/RIA ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Last-stage nymphs of the broad-headed bug, Megalotomus quinquespinosus contain the C28 ecdysteroid makisterone A as their major ecdysteroid. No ecdysone or 20-hydroxyecdysone was detected in whole body extracts analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmune assay. Analyses of the neutral sterols of this phytophagous hemipteran revealed that the sterol composition of the nymphs was highly reflective of their dietary sterols. The most abundant nymphal sterols were sitosterol (46.6%), Δ7-stigmastenol (13.8%) and spinasterol (13.4%). Cholesterol accounted for only 0.2% of the total sterols and indicates that this species is incapable of converting 24-alkyl sterols to cholesterol.
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    Erratum (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 499-499 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030509
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    Effects of the tumor promoter 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate on the wasp, Bracon hebetor (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 529-538 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: anti-vitellogenic benzo(a)pyrene ; braconid ; habrobracon ; TPA ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A single oral dose of the tumor promoter, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), caused a rapid necrosis of the ovarioles, aberrations in the developmental sequence of oocytes, and a concomitant dose-dependent decline in egg production in the wasp, Bracon hebetor. TPA and its metabolities were found to have a biological half life of 26.7 h, with a peak concentration in the ovarioles in 3 h. Damage to ovariole tissue was persistent despite the relatively short half life. Other tissues in the wasp were largely unaffected, although TPA induced lethargy that persisted until death. There was no shortening of life span. Inhibition of intercellular transport and metabolic cooperation may account for decreased fecundity and fertility, but interaction with a phorbol ester receptor is more likely to account for developmental changes and central nervous system poisoning.
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    Neural correlates of flight activation and escape behavior in houseflies recovering from pyrethroid poisoning (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 551-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: permethrin ; deltamethrin ; giant axon ; escape behavior ; flight muscle ; Musca domestica ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Recovery from pyrethroid poisoning was studied in groups of adult female houseflies treated with LD50 doses of trans-permethrin or deltamethrin. The first overt sign of recovery was the appearance of normal posture, which was followed by jumping behavior and finally, coordinated flight when the flies had fully recovered. Prior to full recovery, treated houseflies were able to maintain normal posture and usually jump, but they could not fly. When tethered, these flightless houseflies responded to loss of tarsal contact by initiating normal patterned activity in the dorsolongitudinal flight muscles, yet the wings did not move. In flightless flies displaying jumping behavior, electrical stimulation of the brain evoked responses in the pleurosternal muscle, which controls thoracic tension during flight. Thus, many of the motor systems responsible for flight behavior seemed to be functional in flightless flies. Carbofuran, a carbamate anticholinesterase known to initiate spontaneous flight behavior from within the central nervous system, failed to elicit this response in flightless flies. These results suggested that the flightless condition was due to a disruption in central nervous pathways, and not to peripheral neuromuscular block. The pattern of recovery of different behaviors analyzed in this study was found to be consistent with the Jacksonian Hierarchy Principle, and the utility of this principle in guiding the design of new behavior-modifying compounds is discussed.
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    Preface (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 1-2 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
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    Grasshopper as a model system for the analysis of juvenile hormone delivery to chromatin acceptor sites (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 7-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: juvenile hormone-binding proteins ; grasshopper ; fat body ; vitellogenin ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the analysis of insect juvenile hormone (JH) function, metamorphosis is complicated by ecdysone and JH acting concurrently. Although JH stimulation of vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body is by no means simple, it is possible to focus on the events leading to selective transcription of a single gene. The two-striped grasshopper Melanoplus bivittatus was used to study nuclear binding of JH during vitellogenesis and to investigate proteins binding JH that have been found in hemolymph and fat body. M. bivittatus reproduction is regulated by JH. The fat body nuclei increased in ploidy with time after eclosion, and, because the antiallatotropin precocene completely inhibited vitellogenin production, we assume that this grasshopper differs little from Locusta migratoria in which JH stimulates transcription of the vitellogenin gene. Proteins that bind JH with high affinity were identified with the hydroxyapatite assay. Characterization of the JH-binding proteins included ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Four proteins of hemolymph and three proteins of fat body bound JH with high affinity, and binding was competitively inhibited by JHIII. Short-term tissue culture was used to follow [3H]JH-III uptake by fat body and to determine the intracellular distribution of the hormone. Proteins that bound JH were extracted from nuclei with KCI, and they increased in number from the time of adult emergence to the time of maximum vitellogenin secretion. The JH-binding proteins from nuclei might be receptors that help regulate the selective expression of genes for vitellogenin and for other proteins induced by JH.
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    Properties of larval and imaginal membrane-bound digestive enzymes from Trichosia pubescens (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 181-192 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: aminopeptidase ; α-glucosidase ; trehalase ; larval midgut enzymes ; adult midgut enzymes ; midgut membrane-bound enzymes ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Trichosia pubescens larval midgut ceca cells display in their plasma membranes α-glucosidases (Mr 95,000; pHo 5.5; Km 5.7 mM; Ki for TRIS 8.9 mM), trehalases (Mr 69,000; pHo 5.3; Km 0.92 mM; Ki for TRIS 57 mM), and aminopeptidases (Mr 95,000; pHo 8.7; Km 0.19 mM) which are solubilized by Triton X-100. The enzymes were purified by electrophoresis and used to raise antibodies in a rabbit. T. pubescens imaginal midgut cells display in their plasma membranes an α-glucosidase (Mr 156,000; pHo 5.8; Km 2.3 mM; Ki for TRIS 0.2 mM), a trehalase (Mr 93,000; pHo 5.5; Km 0.72 mM; Ki for TRIS 45.5 mM), and an aminopeptidase (Mr 210,000; pHo 9.0; Km 0.47 mM). Antiserum produced against the larval enzymes shows no precipitation arc when tested by double immunodiffusion or by immunoelectrophoresis with Triton X-100-solubilized membrane proteins from imaginal midguts. Otherwise, a similar test showed that larval midgut cecal enzymes and larval ventriculus enzymes display complete immunological identity. The data suggest that, despite the fact the larval and imaginal aminopeptidase, α-glucosidase, and trehalase probably have similar functions, the genes coding for them in larvae and imagoes must differ.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030301
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    Studies on vitellogenin from the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 217-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Manduca sexta vitellogenin ; apoproteins ; immunology ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the tobacco hornworm moth, Manduca sexta, vitellogenin (Vg) is a very high-density (1.29 g/ml) phosphoglycolipoprotein containing 13% lipids, 3% carbohydrates, and 0.6% protein-bound phosphorus. Vitellogenin (Mr∼500,000) has two apoproteins designated apoVg-l (Mr 177,000 ± 3,600) and apoVg-ll (Mr45,000 ± 5,000). ApoVg-l and apoVg-II can be dissociated with 6 M guanidine HCI and separated from each other by gel permeation chromatography. Immunoblotting experiments using antibodies against the apoproteins showed that apoVg-l and apoVg-II antigens were immunologically distinct polypeptides. Antibodies against Vg reacted only with apoVg-l. Antibodies against Vg and apoVg-l reacted with Vg in double immunodiffusion experiments, whereas antibodies against apoVg-II did not. These results suggest that in the native Vg molecule, apoVg-II is positioned inside the molecule away from the aqueous environment. Only apoVg-I contained covalently bound carbohydrate as shown by fluorescein isothiocyanateconjugated concanavalin A, periodate-Schiff reagent, and in vivo labeling with 3H-Man. In vivo labeling with 32P-inorganic phosphate and chemical determination showed that apoproteins of both Vg and vitellin contain covalently bound phosphate groups.
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    Announcements (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 319-320 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
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    Announcement (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 414-414 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986) 
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    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030501
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    Interactions of charatoxins and nereistoxin with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of insect cns and Torpedo electric organ (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 431-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Perhydrohistrionicotoxin ; honey bee brain receptors ; α-bungarotoxin ; Periplaneta americana ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Interactions of charatoxin (4-methylthio-1,2-dithiolane; ChTX) and four openchain analogs as well as nereistoxin (NTX) with acetylcholine (ACh) receptors were studied using biochemical assays on the Torpedo electric organ and honey bee brain receptors and using electrophysiological assays on the response of the cell body of the fast coxal depressor motoneuron (Df) of the cockroach Periplaneta americana to ACh. The actions of ChTXs were complex. Except for ChTX Xl, they all potentiated the ACh-induced current in Periplaneta neurons, but at higher concentrations all ChTXs, except for ChTX XII, caused voltage-dependent block of this current. All CHTXs inhibited binding of [3H]perhydrohistrionicotoxin in the presence of ACh to the highaffinity noncompetitive blocker site on the Torpedo receptor, but all, except for ChTX XI, potentiated its binding in absence of ACh. The actions of ChTXs on the honey bee brain receptor were quite different from those on the Torpedo receptor. They inhibited, or had no effect on, [125I]α-bungarotoxin (α-BGT) binding to the Torpedo receptor, but all ChTXs, except for ChTX I, potentiated its binding to the honey bee receptor. It is suggested that the action of ChTXs on nicotinic ACh-receptors resulted from binding to lowaffinity noncompetitive blocker site. On the other hand, NTX was more potent than ChTXs on nicotinic ACh-receptors, and some similarities were noted between the actions of NTX on Torpedo and honey bee receptors NTX had a weak agonistlike effect in both cases and possibly bound to the ACh binding sites as well as the high-affinity noncompetitive blocker site. Thus the mechanisms of action of ChTXs and NTX on nicotinic ACh-receptors are different, and there are also differences in the responses to these toxins between receptors of insect central nervous system and Torpedo electric organ.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030504
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030601
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    Effect of conditioned media on three genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster: Physical, chemical, and biological aspects (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 485-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: interactions among genotypes ; uric acid ; biotic residues ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The uric acid contents in larvae, pupae, and culture media were studied during larval and pupal development in three genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster reared in both crowded and noncrowded conditions. The uric acid content and the response of genotypes in media supplemented with 10 and 15 mg/ml of uric acid were correlated with the outcome obtained in conditioned media. In addition, the behavior of genotypes in conditioned media is explained in terms of the physicochemical properties of the conditioned media, which include uric acid content, the amount of food ingested, the degree of free water, the physical disturbance within the cultures, and the particular response of each genotype to uric acid.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030508
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    Studies on binding and uptake of vitellogenin by follicles of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 513-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Manduca sexta ; vitellogenin ; follicles ; uptake ; receptor binding ; apoprotein ; deglycosylation ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An in vitro system for the uptake of 125l-vitellogenin (VG) or vitellin into isolated follicles of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, is described. After incubation with 125l-VG, follicles were disrupted and the internal yolk contents separated from the follicle membranes. The results showed that 125l-VG was associated principally with the membranes (92%) after incubation at 4°C. However, at 27°C, 125l-VG was mainly in the yolk (92%). Furthermore, trypsin treatment removed approximately 70% of VG bound to the follicles at 4°C. Labeled VG was shown to bind to sonicated follicle membranes with high specificity and affinity (KD ⋍ 1.3 × 10-8 M). This binding was sensitive to pH and calcium concentration. The total binding sites were estimated at 4 × 1014 sites/g of membrane protein. Competition studies showed that binding of 125l-VG to follicle membranes was blocked by excess unlabeled vitellin and deglycosylated vitellogenin but not by lipophorin (the major hemolymph lipoprotein), microvitellogenin, a female-specific protein (Mr ∼ 31,000) found in both hemolymph and eggs, and the smaller vitellogenin subunit, apovitellogenin-II (Mr ∼ 45,000). These results suggest that selective uptake of M. sexta VG from the hemolymph involves binding to specific receptors located on the follicle membranes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030603
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    Sterols of phytophagous and omnivorous species of Hymenoptera (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Hymenoptera ; sterols ; phytophagous ; omnivorous ; Apidae ; Megachilidae ; Vespidae ; Formicidae ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The sterols of six species of Hymenoptera including two phytophagous species (Apis mellifera and Megachile rotundata) and four omnivorous species (Dolichovespula maculata, Vespula maculifrons, Formica exsectoides, and Solenopsis invicta) were isolated and identified. The two phytophagous species of bees have in common relatively high levels of 24-methylenecholesterol and very low levels of cholesterol (〈1% of total sterols). The isofucosterol content (40.7%) of M. rotundata was nearly three times that of A. mellifera, but overall utilization of dietary sterols in the two species is similar in that neither is able to convert C28 and C29 phytosterols to cholesterol. All four omnivorous species are predatory to some extent, and the fact that their usual dietary sterols include high levels of chlosterol is reflected in the sterols isolated from these species, which contain 45-81% cholesterol. All six hymenopteran species appear to utilize dietary sterols for structural needs with little or no metabolic modification of the steroid structure.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030103
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    Comparison of some properties of the high-affinity juvenile hormone binding protein from the larval hemolymph of pyralid moths (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 61-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: high-affinity juvenile hormone binding protein ; hemolymph ; Pyralidae ; larval diapause ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The properties of the high-affinity low molecular weight juvenile hormone (JH) binding protein present in the hemolymph of larvae of five species of pyralid moths, a noctuid moth, and a sphingid moth were compared. The pyralid moths exhibit a facultative diapause as last-instar larvae. The species employed were the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella, the southern cornstalk borer, Diatraea crambidoides, the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, the sunflower moth, Homoeosoma electellum, the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, and the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. The binding characteristics of the proteins were determined using saturation binding assays and competitive binding assays. The dissociation constants of JH I, JH II, and JH III for the binding protein of all the species varied from 0.8 x 10-7 M to 2.8 x 10-7 M. Calibrated gel filtration showed that the binding protein of all the species had apparent molecular weights ranging from 29,000 to 31,000. Electrophoresis in 7% acrylamide gels revealed that the relative mobilities of the binding proteins ranged from 0.33 to 0.43. Isoelectric focusing showed that the binding proteins had isoelectric points between 4.4 and 5.0.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030108
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