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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1990-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 86 (1987), S. 501-507 
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    General and Comparative Endocrinology 56 (1984), S. 218-230 
    ISSN: 0016-6480
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Insect Physiology 23 (1977), S. 1323-1342 
    ISSN: 0022-1910
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Insect Physiology 13 (1967), S. 1907-1920 
    ISSN: 0022-1910
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: European corn borer ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; juvenile hormone mimetic ; fenoxycarb ; development ; insect growth regulator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of a juvenile hormone mimetic, fenoxycarb, Ro 13-5223, was tested on the larval instars of the European corn borer,Ostrinia nubilalis, by dipping or topical application. When larvae were treated in instars 2, 3 or 4, the duration of the fifth instar was modified. More permanent and fewer supernumerary larvae were obtained when treatment occurred in the early instars. This non-neurotoxic compound exhibited a strong dose-dependent juvenile hormone type of activity when it was applied to last instar larvae. Fenoxycarb prevented the onset of pupation and produced supernumerary larvae and intermediates. Permanent larvae were obtained if fenoxycarb was applied on day 0 or day 1 of the last instar. The use of such a JH mimetic in the understanding of endocrine control of diapause is discussed.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ostrinia nubilalis ; Pyralidae ; Lepidoptera ; Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata ; Tachinidae ; Diptera ; larval development ; host-parasitoid relationship ; development synchronisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les relations physiologiques entre O. nubilalis et le tachinidae P. nigrolineata ont été étudiées dans des conditions abiotiques telles que l'hôte présente un développement sans diapause. Le parasitoïde ralentit la prise de poids de l'hôte: le poids maximal des chenilles parasitées ne représente que 78% de celui des chenilles saines. Seule la durée du 5ème stade est significativement plus longue chez les chenilles parasitées que chez les saines (10,4 contre 8,0 jours). L'influence de l'hôte sur le développement du parasitoïde à été expérimentée en parasitant des stades 2 à 5 d'O. nubilalis. Lorsque l'infestation a lieu au stade 2, le développement larvaire complet du parasitoî de dure deux fois plus longtemps que lorsque l'infestation a lieu au stade 5. Le meilleur rendement en pupes (50%) est obtenu lorsque l'infestation a lieu au stade 3. Il a été montré qu'il existe une bonne synchronisation entre le développement de l'hôte et de son parasitoî de. Il y a 4 phases physiologiques du développement larvaire de P. nigrolineata qui semblent nécessiter un signal provenant de l'hôte pour être dépassées. Ainsi peuvent être mis en relation: — le début de la croissance de la larve néonate du parasitoî de et l'ecdysis 3/4 de l'hôte; — la première mue du parasitoïde et l'ecdysis 4/5 de l'hôte; — la reprise de la croissance du stade II du parasitoïde, vers un poids de 1 mg et la remontée des taux d'ecdystéroïdes au milieu du stade 5 de l'hôte. et probablement, — la seconde mue du parasitoïde et l'apolyse nymphale de l'hôte. Les expérimentations vont se poursuivre pour déterminer les facteurs en cause. Ces phénomènes de synchronisation seront aussi étudiés dans le cas de la diapause de l'hôte.
    Notes: Abstract The physiological relationships between Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner and its tachinid parasitoid Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata Walker are described under abiotic conditions which induce development of the host without diapause. The parasitoid lowers the larval growth of the host: the maximal weight attained by the parasitized larvae represented only 78% of that of healthy ones. The duration of the last larval host instar increased to 10.4 days in parasitized O. nubilalis compared to 8.0 days in unparasitized ones. The influence of the host on the parasitoid development was studied experimentally after parasitization of O. nubilalis larvae of instars 2 to 5. When the second larval instar of the host is parasitized, the overall duration of parasitoid larval development lasts twice as long as when the fifth instar is parasitized. The best yield of parasitoid pupariae (50%) is obtained when parasitization occurs in instar 3. We show that good synchronisation exists between the larval development of the host and its parasitoid. There are four phases of parasitoid development which would appear to require a ‘signal’ from the host: the start of the growth of newly hatched parasitoid larvae and the 3rd to 4th instar ecdysis of the host; the first moulting of the parasitoid and the 4th to 5th instar ecdysis of the host; the growth resumption of the parasitoid instar II (weight about 1 mg) and the small rise of the ecdysteroid level in the middle of host instar 5; and in all probability, the second parasitoid moulting and the larval-pupal apolysis of the host.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ostrinia nubilalis ; Pyralidae ; Lepidoptera ; Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata ; Tachinidae ; Diptera ; larval development ; host-parasitoid relationship ; diapause ; development synchronization ; ecdysteroids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les interrelations entre O. nubilalis et le tachinidae P. nigrolineata ont été étudiées dans des conditions abiotiques telles que l'hôte présente un développement avec diapause. La rupture de la diapause a été obtenue par modifications des conditions abiotiques et/ou injection d'ecdystérone. Si le passage au froid a lieu 25 jours après la mue 4/5 et s'il dure 10 semaines, plus de 90% des larves non parasitées lèvent leur diapause. Le temps nécessaire pour obtenir la chrysalidation est corrélé avec l'âge à la mise au froid et surtout avec la durée du froid. Les injections d'ecdystérone, 25 jours après la mue 4/5, chez les larves non parasitées et n'ayant pas séjourné au froid, provoquent la levée de diapause dans un fort pourcentage de cas, mais seulement si les larves ont été transférées en photopériode longue; le temps de chrysalidation est fortement réduit chez les larves injectées par rapport aux témoins placés sous la même photopériode. Chez les larves d'O. nubilalis parasitées au début du 5ème stade larvaire, les larves de P. nigrolineata se développent de la même façon que chez les non diapausantes jusqu'au début du 2ème stade, puis la croissance s'arrête aux environs de 1 mg. Par modification des conditions abiotiques, la larve du parasitoïde ne reprend sa croissance qu'à la levée de diapause de l'hôte et continue ensuite son développement jusqu'à la pupaison qui intervient 25–30 jours après les modifications. Cette synchronisation étroite des développements du parasitoïde et de l'hôte peut être rompue par l'injection d'ecdystérone dans l'hôte; en effet, une faible dose induit la reprise de la croissance du parasitoïde, sans provoquer l'apolyse de l'hôte. Des doses plus élevées provoquent à la fois la reprise immédiate du développement de P. nigrolineata (la formation des pupes intervient alors 6–10 jours après) et l'apolyse de l'hôte. Le parasitoïde augmente la sensibilité de l'hôte: avec la même dose, le pourcentage d'apolyse est plus élevé chez les hôtes parasités que chez les non parasités.
    Notes: Abstract The developmental relationships between Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) and the tachinid parasitoid Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata Walker (Diptera, Tachinidae) are described under abiotic conditions which induce development of the host with diapause. Diapause termination was accomplished by modifications of abiotic conditions and/or by ecdysterone injection. Pupation time was correlated with the age at chilling and with the chilling period. Ecdysterone injection in non-parasitized larvae, 25 days after the 4/5 moult, gave a high percentage of diapause termination only under a long day photoperiod and strongly reduced the pupation time. In diapausing larvae parasitized at the beginning of the fifth instar, P. nigrolineata larva develops in the same way as in non-diapausing ones during the first instar, but stops growth in the second, near a weight of 1 mg. When diapause was broken by modifications of obiotic conditions, the parasitoid larva resumes its growth only at host diapause termination (pupariae are obtained 25–30 days after the modifications). The close synchronization between parasitoid and host development is broken by injection of low dose of ecdysterone. Higher doses induce at once parasitoid growth (pupariae are obtained 6–10 days thereafter) and also host apolysis. The parasitoid larvae increase the host sensitivity to exogenous ecdysteroids.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3 (1986), S. 457-469 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Tachinidae ; host-parasitoid interactions ; developmental arrest ; juvenile hormones ; ecdysteroids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: During their growth on the substitution host Galleria mellonella, about onethird of Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata larvae undergo a developmental arrest in the middle of the second stage. To assess the extent of endocrine involvement, juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysteroid (ECD) determinations by radioimmunoassays were made both on G. mellonella and P. nigrolineata throughout the larval development of this parasitoid. The transfer of G. mellonella larvae from the usual rearing temperature (27.5°C) to that required for infestation (21°C) significantly affects hormone titers: the JH level increases 10 to 20 times, while the ECD level becomes 10 times lower. The JH levels are lower in hosts with parasitoids in developmental arrest than in those with P. nigrolineata in continuous growth, but the high variability makes it seem unlikely that the titer of this hormone is critical in regulating development of the parasitoid. ECD levels are depressed in the hosts with parasitoids in developmental arrest and are increased when the parasitoids resume growth. Therefore, we propose that the main cause of the developmental arrest of P. nigrolineata is the low ECD levels characterizing some G. mellonella larvae for which the transfer to 21°C has induced some physiological disturbances.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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