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  • Cells, Cultured  (63)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (63)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • PANGAEA
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (63)
  • 1986  (27)
  • 1985  (36)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (63)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • PANGAEA
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (63)
Year
  • 1
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    Coronavirus infection induces H-2 antigen expression on oligodendrocytes and astrocytes (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-05-23
    Description: Infection of the central nervous system by mouse hepatitis virus strain A59, a murine neurotropic coronavirus, induces class I major histocompatibility complex antigens on mouse oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, cells that do not normally express these antigens on their surfaces. This induction, which occurs through soluble factors elaborated by infected glial cells, potentially allows immunocytes to interact with the glial cells and may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of virus-induced, immune-mediated demyelination in the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suzumura, A -- Lavi, E -- Weiss, S R -- Silberberg, D H -- NS11037/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS21954/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 23;232(4753):991-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3010460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; H-2 Antigens/*immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/*immunology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Mice ; Murine hepatitis virus/immunology ; Neuroglia/*immunology ; Oligodendroglia/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Fluorescence digital imaging microscopy in cell biology (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Developments in microscope, sensor, and image-processing technologies have led to integrated systems for the quantification of low-light-level emission signals from biological samples. Specificity is provided in the form of monoclonal antibodies and other ligands or enzyme substrates conjugated with efficient fluorophores. Fluorescent probes are also available for cellular macromolecular constituents and for free ions of biological interest such as H+ and Ca2+. The entire spectrum of photophysical phenomena can be exploited. Representative data are presented from studies of DNA conformation and architecture in polytene chromosomes and from studies of receptor-mediated endocytosis, calcium distribution, and the organization of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arndt-Jovin, D J -- Robert-Nicoud, M -- Kaufman, S J -- Jovin, T M -- FO6 TWOO960/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):247-56.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analog-Digital Conversion ; Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells/*cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; Drosophila ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Kinetics ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/instrumentation/*methods ; Salivary Glands/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Reversibility of progression of the transformed phenotype in Ad5-transformed rat embryo cells (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: The carcinogenic process is extremely complex and is affected by diverse environmental and host factors. The mechanism for the gradual development of the transformed phenotype (a process termed "progression") was studied in type 5 adenovirus (Ad5)-transformed rat embryo cells. Progression was not correlated with major changes in the pattern of integration of viral DNA sequences. Instead, it was associated with an increased methylation of integrated viral sequences other than those corresponding to the E1 transforming genes of Ad5. A single exposure of progressed cells to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (Aza) resulted in a stable reversion to the unprogressed state of the original parental clone. A further selection of cells after growth in agar allowed the isolation of Aza-treated clones that had regained the progressed phenotype. These observations indicate that progression is a reversible process and suggest that progression may be associated with changes in the state of methylation of one or more specific genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babiss, L E -- Zimmer, S G -- Fisher, P B -- CA-33434/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-35675/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1099-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2581317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/*genetics ; Animals ; Azacitidine/*pharmacology ; Cell Division ; Cell Transformation, Viral/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; *Methylation ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/embryology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Natural plant chemicals: sources of industrial and medicinal materials (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Many higher plants produce economically important organic compounds such as oils, resins, tannins, natural rubber, gums, waxes, dyes, flavors and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. However, most species of higher plants have never been described, much less surveyed for chemical or biologically active constituents, and new sources of commercially valuable materials remain to be discovered. Advances in biotechnology, particularly methods for culturing plant cells and tissues, should provide new means for the commercial processing of even rare plants and the chemicals they produce. These new technologies will extend and enhance the usefulness of plants as renewable resources of valuable chemicals. In the future, biologically active plant-derived chemicals can be expected to play an increasingly significant role in the commercial development of new products for regulating plant growth and for insect and weed control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balandrin, M F -- Klocke, J A -- Wurtele, E S -- Bollinger, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1154-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification ; Cells, Cultured ; Insecticides/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/analysis ; Plant Growth Regulators/isolation & purification ; *Plants/analysis ; *Plants, Medicinal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Biosynthesis and secretion of proatrial natriuretic factor by cultured rat cardiocytes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is translated as a 152-amino acid precursor preproANF. PreproANF is converted to the 126-amino acid proANF, the storage form of ANF in the atria. ANF isolated from the blood is approximately 25 amino acids long. It is demonstrated here that rat cardiocytes in culture store and secrete proANF. Incubation of proANF with serum produced a smaller ANF peptide. PreproANF seems to be processed to proANF in the atria, and proANF appears to be released into the blood, where it is converted by a protease to a smaller peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloch, K D -- Scott, J A -- Zisfein, J B -- Fallon, J T -- Margolies, M N -- Seidman, C E -- Matsueda, G R -- Homcy, C J -- Graham, R M -- Seidman, J G -- 1R23CA33570/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL07208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL26215/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1168-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2933808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; Autoradiography ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Heart/physiology ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Myocardium/*cytology/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits/immunology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Selective inhibition of fibronectin-mediated cell adhesion by monoclonal antibodies to a cell-surface glycoprotein (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Fibroblasts possess several distinct mechanisms that control cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix macromolecules. Monoclonal antibodies to a 140-kilodalton (kD) cell surface glycoprotein inhibited the adhesion of fibroblastic Chinese hamster ovary cells to fibronectin-coated substrata but did not inhibit adhesion to substrata coated with vitronectin, laminin, serum, or other adhesive macromolecules. Thus the 140-kD glycoprotein appears to be involved in the fibronectin-mediated adhesion mechanism but not in other adhesion processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, P J -- Juliano, R L -- GM26165/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1448-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/immunology/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Glycoproteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Imaging elemental distribution and ion transport in cultured cells with ion microscopy (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: Both elemental distribution and ion transport in cultured cells have been imaged by ion microscopy. Morphological and chemical information was obtained with a spatial resolution of approximately 0.5 micron for sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in freeze-fixed, cryofractured, and freeze-dried normal rat kidney cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Ion transport was successfully demonstrated by imaging Na+-K+ fluxes after the inhibition of Na+- and K+ -dependent adenosine triphosphatase with ouabain. This method allows measurements of elemental (isotopic) distribution to be related to cell morphology, thereby providing the means for studying ion distribution and ion transport under different physiological, pathological, and toxicological conditions in cell culture systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandra, S -- Morrison, G H -- R01GM24314/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1543-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/analysis ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Elements/*analysis ; Female ; Freeze Fracturing ; Kidney/*ultrastructure ; Magnesium/analysis ; Microscopy/methods ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Ovary/*ultrastructure ; Potassium/analysis ; Rats ; Sodium/analysis ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tissue Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers by fibrinogen fragment D (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: Fibrinogen fragment D, which is heterogeneous, has several important biological functions. Human fibrinogen fragments D94 (molecular weight, 94,000), D78 (78,000), and E (52,000) were purified. Fragments D78 and D94 but not purified fibrinogen or fragment E specifically caused disorganization of bovine aortic endothelial cells cultured as monolayers. Within 2 hours of exposure to pathophysiological concentrations of fragment D, the confluent endothelial cells retracted from each other and projected pseudopodia. These disturbed cells subsequently became rounded and detached from the substrate. The actin present in stress fibers in stationary monolayer cells was diffusely redistributed in cells with fragment D-induced alterations in morphology. This effect was not observed in monolayers of kidney epithelial cells. The results demonstrate a specific effect of fibrinogen fragment D on the disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers and suggest that fragment D plays a role in the pathogenesis of syndromes with vascular endothelial damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dang, C V -- Bell, W R -- Kaiser, D -- Wong, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1487-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4038818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/analysis ; Animals ; Aorta ; Cattle ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton/drug effects ; Endothelium/analysis/*cytology/drug effects/ultrastructure ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pseudopodia/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Diagnostic ultrasound and sister chromatid exchanges: failure to reproduce positive findings (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-15
    Description: Human lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to ultrasound from two clinical devices, one of which was previously reported to have increased the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges. The ultrasonic exposures had no significant effect on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges from three blood donors. Exposure to ultrasound also had no effect on cell cycle progression. A concomitant positive control (mitomycin C) resulted in a significant increase in sister chromatid exchanges.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciaravino, V -- Brulfert, A -- Miller, M W -- Jacobson-Kram, D -- Morgan, W F -- ES03000/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES03238/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM22680/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 15;227(4692):1349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; *Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Ultrasonography/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Gene expression in mice after high efficiency retroviral-mediated gene transfer (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: A retroviral expression vector (N2) containing the selectable gene, neoR, has been used to determine the optimal conditions for infecting murine hematopoietic progenitor cells at high efficiency. After infected bone marrow cells were introduced into lethally irradiated mice, the presence, stability, and expression of the vector DNA sequences were analyzed either in individual spleen foci 10 days later or in the blood, bone marrow, and spleens of mice 4 months later. When bone marrow cells were cultured in medium containing virus with titers of more than 10(6) colony-forming units per milliliter in the presence of purified murine interleukin-3, more than 85 percent of the resulting foci contained vector DNA. This proviral vector DNA was intact. Efficient expression of the neoR gene was demonstrated in most of the DNA-positive foci examined. The spleens of reconstituted animals (over a long term) contained intact "vector DNA" and the blood and bone marrow expressed the neoR gene in some animals. Thus, a retroviral vector can be used to introduce intact exogenous DNA sequences into hematopoietic stem cells with high efficiency and with substantial expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eglitis, M A -- Kantoff, P -- Gilboa, E -- Anderson, W F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1395-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; *Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Spleen/microbiology ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Vitamin E reversal of the effect of extracellular calcium on chemically induced toxicity in hepatocytes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-02-15
    Description: Isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium and alpha-tocopherol succinate with three different toxic chemicals; namely, adriamycin in combination with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, ethyl methanesulfonate, and the calcium ionophore A23187. In the absence of extracellular calcium these three compounds were far more toxic to the cells than in its presence. The addition of vitamin E to calcium-free medium, however, protected hepatocytes against toxic injury, whereas cells incubated in medium containing calcium were not protected. Hepatocyte viability during each toxic insult correlated well with the cellular alpha-tocopherol content but not with the presence or absence of extracellular calcium. These results suggest that cellular alpha-tocopherol maintains the viability of the cell during a toxic insult and that the presence or absence of vitamin E in the incubation medium probably explains the conflicting reports on the role of extracellular calcium in toxic cell death.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fariss, M W -- Pascoe, G A -- Reed, D J -- ES01978/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES07060/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):751-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3918345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcimycin/toxicity ; Calcium/*physiology ; Carmustine/toxicity ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Doxorubicin/toxicity ; Ethyl Methanesulfonate/toxicity ; Liver/cytology/*drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Vitamin E/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Interleukin-1 stimulation of astroglial proliferation after brain injury (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-26
    Description: The interleukins, which have a regulatory role in immune function, may also mediate inflammation associated with injury to the brain. In experiments to determine the effect of these peptide hormones on glial cell proliferation in culture, interleukin-1 was a potent mitogen for astroglia but had no effect on oligodendroglia. Interleukin-2 did not alter the growth of either type of glial cell. Activity similar to that of interleukin-1 was detected in brains of adult rats 10 days after the brains had been injured. These findings suggest that interleukin-1, released by inflammatory cells, may promote the formation of scars by astroglia in the damaged mammalian brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Giulian, D -- Lachman, L B -- EY04915/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA38043/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR5511/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3872478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Astrocytes/*pathology ; Brain Injuries/*pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange/methods ; Interleukin-1/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Interleukin-2/physiology ; Isoelectric Focusing ; *Mitogens ; Oligodendroglia/pathology ; Rats
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  • 13
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    Retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer into human hematopoietic progenitor cells (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: The transfer of the human gene for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) into human bone marrow cells was accomplished by use of a retroviral vector. The cells were infected in vitro with a replication-incompetent murine retroviral vector that carried and expressed a mutant HPRT complementary DNA. The infected cells were superinfected with a helper virus and maintained in long-term culture. The production of progeny HPRT virus by the bone marrow cells was demonstrated with a colony formation assay on cultured HPRT-deficient, ouabain-resistant murine fibroblasts. Hematopoietic progenitor cells able to form colonies of granulocytes or macrophages (or both) in semisolid medium in the presence of colony stimulating factor were present in the nonadherent cell population. Colony forming units cloned in agar and subsequently cultured in liquid medium produced progeny HPRT virus, indicating infection of this class of hematopoietic progenitor cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gruber, H E -- Finley, K D -- Hershberg, R M -- Katzman, S S -- Laikind, P K -- Seegmiller, J E -- Friedmann, T -- Yee, J K -- Jolly, D J -- AM 13622/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 28223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD20034/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1057-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3864246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genetic Engineering ; Genetic Vectors ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/*genetics ; Mice ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transfection
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  • 14
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    Genotoxicity of formaldehyde in cultured human bronchial fibroblasts (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Formaldehyde, a common environmental pollutant, inhibits repair of O6-methylguanine and potentiates the mutagenicity of an alkylating agent, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, in normal human fibroblasts. Because formaldehyde alone also causes mutations in human cells, the compound may cause genotoxicity by a dual mechanism of directly damaging DNA and inhibiting repair of mutagenic and carcinogenic DNA lesions caused by other chemical and physical carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grafstrom, R C -- Curren, R D -- Yang, L L -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bronchi/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Repair/*drug effects ; Drug Synergism ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Formaldehyde/*adverse effects/pharmacology ; Guanine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Humans ; Methylnitrosourea/pharmacology ; Mutagens/*pharmacology
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  • 15
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    Complete development of hepatic stages of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: An in vitro model was developed to study the hepatic phase of Plasmodium falciparum, the only malaria parasite lethal to man. Primary cultures of human hepatocytes were inoculated with sporozoites of Brazilian and African strains of P. falciparum. On days 1 through 7 after inoculation examination of fluorescence-labeled and Giemsa-stained preparations demonstrated the presence of many intracellular parasites. In three separate sets of experiments all cultures were found to be infected with as many as 650 liver schizonts measuring up to 40 micrometers. After the addition of red blood cells, intraerythrocytic forms of P. falciparum were detected on days 12 and 13 by an immunofluorescence assay, indicating that the hepatic cycle had been completed in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mazier, D -- Beaudoin, R L -- Mellouk, S -- Druilhe, P -- Texier, B -- Trosper, J -- Miltgen, F -- Landau, I -- Paul, C -- Brandicourt, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):440-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Azure Stains ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Liver/*parasitology ; Plasmodium falciparum/cytology/*growth & development ; Time Factors
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    Neurotrophic factors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: In addition to nerve growth factor (NGF), many proteins present in soluble tissue extracts and in the extracellular matrix influence the survival and development of cultured neurons. The structure, synthesis, and mechanism of action of NGF as a neurotrophic factor are considered along with the experiments on the new putative trophic molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thoenen, H -- Edgar, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):238-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Humans ; Ion Channels/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Myocardium/cytology ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Bovine leukemia virus-related antigens in lymphocyte cultures infected with AIDS-associated viruses (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: An earlier finding that lymphocytes from African patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) react with rabbit antiserum to purified antigens of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) prompted a study of the possible cross-reactions between a BLV-infected ovine cell line and human lymphocytes inoculated with a strain of lymphadenopathy syndrome-associated virus (LAV). A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was used to detect antigenic markers of the retroviruses. Crude extracts from short-term cultures of lymphocytes infected with LAV bound rabbit antisera to the LAV glycoprotein gp13 (molecular weight 13,000) and the BLV proteins p24 and gp51, but did not bind antibodies to the p24 of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Antiserum to LAV gp13 reacted with an ovine cell line producing BLV but also weakly with virus-free ovine cells. Lymphocyte cultures from four African patients with AIDS expressed BLV-related antigens within 6 to 10 days of culture, at the moment when particle-bound reverse transcriptase was produced. BLV-related antigens were induced in lymphocyte cultures from healthy individuals by addition of filtered supernatant or irradiated cells of the original culture. The antisera to BLV used in this study may prove useful for the detection of AIDS-associated viruses in short-term cultures of lymphocytes from AIDS patients or their contacts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiry, L -- Sprecher-Goldberger, S -- Jacquemin, P -- Cogniaux, J -- Burny, A -- Bruck, C -- Portetelle, D -- Cran, S -- Clumeck, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1482-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2579433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Animals ; Antigens, Viral/analysis/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Epitopes/immunology ; Humans ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine/*immunology ; Lymph Nodes/microbiology ; Lymphocytes/immunology/*microbiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Sheep ; Viral Proteins/immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Chromosome Y-specific DNA is transferred to the short arm of X chromosome in human XX males (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-15
    Description: Y-chromosomal DNA is present in the genomes of most human XX males. In these cases, maleness is probably due to the presence of the Y-encoded testis-determining factor (TDF). By means of in situ hybridization of a probe (pDP105) detecting Y-specific DNA to metaphases from three XX males, it was demonstrated that the Y DNA is located on the tip of the short arm of an X chromosome. This finding supports the hypothesis that XX maleness is frequently the result of transfer of Y DNA, including TDF, to a paternally derived X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Andersson, M -- Page, D C -- de la Chapelle, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):786-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/*genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/cytology ; Male ; Metaphase ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *X Chromosome ; *Y Chromosome
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  • 19
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    Induction of membrane ruffling and fluid-phase pinocytosis in quiescent fibroblasts by ras proteins (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-09-05
    Description: Expression of the ras oncogene is thought to be one of the contributing events in the initiation of certain types of human cancer. To determine the cellular activities that are directly triggered by ras proteins, the early consequences of microinjection of the human H-ras proteins into quiescent rat embryo fibroblasts were investigated. Within 30 minutes to 1 hour after injection, cells show a marked increase in surface ruffles and fluid-phase pinocytosis. The rapid enhancement of membrane ruffling and pinocytosis is induced by both the proto-oncogenic and the oncogenic forms of the H-ras protein. The effects produced by the oncogenic protein persist for more than 15 hours after injection, whereas the effects of the proto-oncogenic protein are short-lived, being restricted to a 3-hour interval after injection. The stimulatory effect of the ras oncogene protein on ruffling and pinocytosis is dependent on the amount of injected protein and is accompanied by an apparent stimulation of phospholipase A2 activity. These rapid changes in cell membrane activities induced by ras proteins may represent primary events in the mechanism of action of ras proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bar-Sagi, D -- Feramisco, J R -- CA07896/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA39811/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM28277/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1061-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3090687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Membrane/*drug effects/ultrastructure ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; DNA/biosynthesis ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Microinjections ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A/metabolism ; Phospholipases A2 ; Phospholipids/metabolism ; Pinocytosis/*drug effects ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 20
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    Neurosciences advance in basic and clinical realms (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1324-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431480" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*diagnosis/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Mollusca ; Neurons/drug effects ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Induction of the c-fos oncogene by thyrotropic hormone in rat thyroid cells in culture (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-07-25
    Description: Rat thyroid cells in culture, rendered quiescent by hormone deprivation, can be stimulated to undergo DNA synthesis in the absence of serum by the addition of purified thyrotropin. The primary effect in response to thyrotropin action in thyroid cells is the induction of the c-fos oncogene, followed by c-myc expression. This suggests that thyrotropin acts as a competence growth factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colletta, G -- Cirafici, A M -- Vecchio, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 25;233(4762):458-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726540" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Oncogenes/*drug effects ; Rats ; Thyroid Gland/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Thyrotropin/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Genomic diversity of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The DNA genomes of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) isolated from 18 individuals with AIDS or who were at risk for AIDS were evaluated for evidence of variation. Although all of the 18 viral DNA's hybridized throughout their entire genomes to a full-length cloned probe of the original HTLV-III isolate, each of the 18 isolates showed a different restriction enzyme pattern. The number of restriction site differences between isolates ranged from only 1 site in 23 to at least 16 sites in 31. No particular viral genotype was associated with a particular disease state and 2 of the 18 patients had evidence of concurrent infection by more than one viral genotype. Propagation of three different viral isolates in vitro for up to 9 months did not lead to detectable changes in their restriction patterns. These findings indicate that different isolates of HTLV-III comprise a spectrum of highly related but distinguishable viruses and have important implications regarding the pathogenicity of HTLV-III and attempts to develop effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for this virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Popovic, M -- Markham, P -- Redfield, R -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):759-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Carrier State ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 23
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    Inhibition of endothelial regeneration by type-beta transforming growth factor from platelets (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-09-05
    Description: Damage to the vessel wall is a signal for endothelial migration and replication and for platelet release at the site of injury. Addition of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) purified from platelets to growing aortic endothelial cells inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner. A transient inhibition of DNA synthesis was also observed in response to wounding; cell migration and replication are inhibited during the first 24 hours after wounding. By 48 hours after wounding both TGF-beta-treated and -untreated cultures showed similar responses. Flow microfluorimetric analysis of cell cycle distribution indicated that after 24 hours of exposure to TGF-beta the cells were blocked from entering S phase, and the fraction of cells in G1 was increased. The inhibition of the initiation of regeneration by TGF-beta could allow time for recruitment of smooth muscle cells into the site of injury by other platelet components.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heimark, R L -- Twardzik, D R -- Schwartz, S M -- HL-18645/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1078-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3461562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Platelets/*physiology ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium/cytology/*physiology ; Flow Cytometry ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Transforming Growth Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    New rule proposed for protein degradation (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 10;234(4773):151-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3018927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Half-Life ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Ubiquitins/metabolism ; beta-Galactosidase/metabolism
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  • 25
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    Stimulation of gonadotropin release by a non-GnRH peptide sequence of the GnRH precursor (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-04
    Description: The human gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) precursor comprises the GnRH sequence followed by an extension of 59 amino acids. Basic amino acid residues in the carboxyl terminal extension may represent sites of processing to biologically active peptides. A synthetic peptide comprising the first 13 amino acids (H X Asp-Ala-Glu-Asn-Leu-Ile-Asp-Ser-Phe-Gln-Glu-Ile-Val X OH) of the 59-amino acid peptide was found to stimulate the release of gonadotropic hormones from human and baboon anterior pituitary cells in culture. The peptide did not affect thyrotropin or prolactin secretion. A GnRH antagonist did not inhibit gonadotropin stimulation by the peptide, and the peptide did not compete with GnRH for GnRH pituitary receptors, indicating that the action of the peptide is independent of the GnRH receptor. The GnRH precursor contains two distinct peptide sequences capable of stimulating gonadotropin release from human and baboon pituitary cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millar, R P -- Wormald, P J -- Milton, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):68-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3082009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Papio ; Peptide Fragments/*pharmacology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/drug effects/*secretion ; Protein Precursors/*pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 26
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    Pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway in the stimulation of c-myc expression and DNA synthesis by bombesin (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-28
    Description: The bombesin-like peptides are potent mitogens for Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts, human bronchial epithelial cells, and cells isolated from small cell carcinoma of the lung. The mechanism of signal transduction in the proliferative response to bombesin was investigated by studying the effect of Bordetella pertussis toxin on bombesin-stimulated mitogenesis. At nanomolar concentrations, bombesin increased levels of c-myc messenger RNA and stimulated DNA synthesis in Swiss 3T3 cells. Treatment of the cells with pertussis toxin (5 nanograms per milliliter) completely blocked bombesin-enhanced c-myc expression and eliminated bombesin-stimulated DNA synthesis. This treatment had essentially no effect on the mitogenic responses to either platelet-derived growth factor or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. These results suggest that the mitogenic actions of bombesin-like growth factors are mediated through a pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding protein. Furthermore they indicate that bombesin-like growth factors act through pathways that are different from those activated by platelet-derived growth factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Letterio, J J -- Coughlin, S R -- Williams, L T -- R01 HL 32898/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 28;234(4780):1117-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3465038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bombesin/*pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Neoplasm/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Mice ; Oncogenes/*drug effects ; *Pertussis Toxin ; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate ; Phorbol Esters/pharmacology ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella/*pharmacology
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  • 27
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    Cultivation of Rhinosporidium seeberi in vitro: interaction with epithelial cells (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-24
    Description: Rhinosporidium seeberi, a fungus that is associated with polyp-like tumors in animals and man, was successfully cultivated. This organism stimulated proliferation of epithelial cells in vitro, producing polyp-like structures. Spores produced in culture required a period of aging or development, or both, before they were capable of reinitiating the growth cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, M G -- Meuten, D J -- Breitschwerdt, E B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 24;234(4775):474-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3764422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Dogs ; Epithelium/microbiology ; Humans ; Polyps/microbiology ; Rhinosporidium/*growth & development
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  • 28
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    Replication of the B19 parvovirus in human bone marrow cell cultures (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-22
    Description: The B19 parvovirus is responsible for at least three human diseases. The virus was successfully propagated in suspension cultures of human erythroid bone marrow from patients with hemolytic anemias; release of newly synthesized virus into the supernatants of infected cultures was observed. This culture system allowed study at a molecular level of events associated with the B19 life cycle. The B19 parvovirus replicated through high molecular weight intermediate forms, linked through a terminal hairpin structure. B19 replication in vitro was highly dependent on the erythropoietic content of cultures and on addition of the hormone erythropoietin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ozawa, K -- Kurtzman, G -- Young, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):883-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Hemolytic/*microbiology ; Bone Marrow/*microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Erythropoietin/metabolism ; Humans ; Parvoviridae/*growth & development ; Virus Replication
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  • 29
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    A blood vessel model constructed from collagen and cultured vascular cells (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-24
    Description: A model of a blood vessel was constructed in vitro. Its multilayered structure resembled that of an artery and it withstood physiological pressures. Electron microscopy showed that the endothelial cells lining the lumen and the smooth muscle cells in the wall were healthy and well differentiated. The lining of endothelial cells functioned physically, as a permeability barrier, and biosynthetically, producing von Willebrand's factor and prostacyclin. The strength of the model depended on its multiple layers of collagen integrated with a Dacron mesh.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinberg, C B -- Bell, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):397-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2934816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/anatomy & histology/cytology ; Blood Vessels/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen/*physiology ; Endothelium/anatomy & histology/cytology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; *Models, Cardiovascular ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/anatomy & histology/cytology ; Polyethylene Terephthalates
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  • 30
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    A parathyroid hormone-like protein from cultured human keratinocytes (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-24
    Description: Parathyroid hormone-like factors have been found in extracts of tumors associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, many of which are of squamous epithelial origin. Cultured, nonmalignant human keratinocytes were examined for the production of similar factors. Keratinocyte-conditioned medium from ten cultures stimulated the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in clonally derived rat osteosarcoma cells sensitive to parathyroid hormone. Bovine [Nle8,18, Tyr34]PTH-(3-34)NH2, a competitive inhibitor of parathyroid hormone, stopped the adenylate cyclase production stimulated by keratinocyte-conditioned medium, but antisera to parathyroid hormone had no effect on such adenylate cyclase activity. The active component of keratinocyte-conditioned medium has a molecular weight exceeding that of native parathyroid hormone. These characteristics are shared by the parathyroid hormone receptor agonists associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, which suggests that normal human keratinocytes may produce a factor related to that produced by malignant tumors associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merendino, J J Jr -- Insogna, K L -- Milstone, L M -- Broadus, A E -- Stewart, A F -- AM 30102/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):388-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2417317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Epidermis/*cytology/metabolism/physiology ; Humans ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Keratins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Osteosarcoma/metabolism ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology/*physiology ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Rats ; Teriparatide
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    A critical period for macromolecular synthesis in long-term heterosynaptic facilitation in Aplysia (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-05
    Description: Both long-term and short-term sensitization of the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex in Aplysia involve facilitation of the monosynaptic connections between the sensory and motor neurons. To analyze the relationship between these two forms of synaptic facilitation at the cellular and molecular level, this monosynaptic sensorimotor component of the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia can be reconstituted in dissociated cell culture. Whereas one brief application of 1 microM serotonin produced short-term facilitation in the sensorimotor connection that lasted minutes, five applications over 1.5 hours resulted in long-term facilitation that lasted more than 24 hours. Inhibitors of protein synthesis or RNA synthesis selectively blocked long-term facilitation, but not short-term facilitation, indicating that long-term facilitation requires the expression of gene products not essential for short-term facilitation. Moreover, the inhibitors only blocked long-term facilitation when given during the serotonin applications; the inhibitors did not block the facilitation when given either before or after serotonin application. These results parallel those for behavioral performance in vertebrates and indicate that the critical time window characteristic of the requirement for macromolecular synthesis in long-term heterosynaptic facilitation is not a property of complex circuitry, but an intrinsic characteristic of specific nerve cells and synaptic connections involved in the long-term storage of information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Montarolo, P G -- Goelet, P -- Castellucci, V F -- Morgan, J -- Kandel, E R -- Schacher, S -- NS 19595/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 5;234(4781):1249-54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amanitins/pharmacology ; Anisomycin/pharmacology ; Aplysia/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Memory/*physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Motor Neurons/drug effects ; Neurons, Afferent/drug effects ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Reflex/drug effects ; Serotonin/pharmacology
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    Long-term cultures of HTLV-III--infected T cells: a model of cytopathology of T-cell depletion in AIDS (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-02-21
    Description: Long-term cultures were established of HTLV-III-infected T4 cells from patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of T4 cells from normal donors after infection of the cells in vitro. By initially reducing the number of cells per milliliter of culture medium it was possible to grow the infected cells for 50 to 60 days. As with uninfected T cells, immunologic activation of the HTLV-III-infected cells with phytohemagglutinin led to patterns of gene expression typical of T-cell differentiation, such as production of interleukin-2 and expression of interleukin-2 receptors, but in the infected cells immunologic activation also led to expression of HTLV-III, which was followed by cell death. The results revealed a cytopathogenic mechanism that may account for T4 cell depletion in AIDS patients and suggest how repeated antigenic stimulation by infectious agents, such as malaria in Africa, or by allogeneic blood or semen, may be important determinants of the latency period in AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zagury, D -- Bernard, J -- Leonard, R -- Cheynier, R -- Feldman, M -- Sarin, P S -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 21;231(4740):850-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2418502" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/microbiology/*pathology ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; Antigens, Surface/analysis ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/*microbiology
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  • 33
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    Nerve activity alters neurotransmitter synthesis (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1986-06-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1500-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2872725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Neurons/cytology/*metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*biosynthesis ; Peripheral Nerves/physiology
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  • 34
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    Caffeine-induced uncoupling of mitosis from the completion of DNA replication in mammalian cells (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1986-06-06
    Description: Caffeine was shown to induce mitotic events in mammalian cells before DNA replication (S phase) was completed. Synchronized BHK cells that were arrested in early S phase underwent premature chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, morphological "rounding up," and mitosis-specific phosphoprotein synthesis when they were exposed to caffeine. These mitotic responses occurred only after the cells had entered S phase and only while DNA synthesis was inhibited by more than 70 percent. Inhibitors of protein synthesis blocked these caffeine-induced events, while inhibitors of RNA synthesis had little effect. These results suggest that caffeine induces the translation or stabilizes the protein product (or products) of mitosis-related RNA that accumulates in S-phase cells when DNA replication is suppressed. The ability to chemically manipulate the onset of mitosis should be useful for studying the regulation of this event in mammalian cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schlegel, R -- Pardee, A B -- CA 22427/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1264-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2422760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caffeine/*pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; *DNA Replication ; Dactinomycin/pharmacology ; Interphase ; Mitosis/*drug effects ; RNA/metabolism
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  • 35
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    Steroid hormone metabolites are barbiturate-like modulators of the GABA receptor (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-05-23
    Description: Two metabolites of the steroid hormones progesterone and deoxycorticosterone, 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone and 3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, are potent barbiturate-like ligands of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor-chloride ion channel complex. At concentrations between 10(-7) and 10(-5)M both steroids inhibited binding of the convulsant t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate to the GABA-receptor complex and increased the binding of the benzodiazepine flunitrazepam; they also stimulated chloride uptake (as measured by uptake of 36Cl-) into isolated brain vesicles, and potentiated the inhibitory actions of GABA in cultured rat hippocampal and spinal cord neurons. These data may explain the ability of certain steroid hormones to rapidly alter neuronal excitability and may provide a mechanism for the anesthetic and hypnotic actions of naturally occurring and synthetic anesthetic steroids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Majewska, M D -- Harrison, N L -- Schwartz, R D -- Barker, J L -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 23;232(4753):1004-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2422758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; Bicyclo Compounds/metabolism ; *Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Desoxycorticosterone/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Flunitrazepam/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Progesterone/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, GABA-A/*drug effects/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/metabolism
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  • 36
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    CD8+ lymphocytes can control HIV infection in vitro by suppressing virus replication (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-19
    Description: Lymphocytes bearing the CD8 marker were shown to suppress replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The effect was dose-dependent and most apparent with autologous lymphocytes; it did not appear to be mediated by a cytotoxic response. This suppression of HIV replication could be demonstrated by the addition of CD8+ cells at the initiation of virus production as well as after several weeks of virus replication by cultured cells. The observations suggest a potential approach to therapy in which autologous CD8 lymphocytes could be administered to individuals to inhibit HIV replication and perhaps progression of disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, C M -- Moody, D J -- Stites, D P -- Levy, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1563-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/therapy ; Antigens, Surface ; Cells, Cultured ; HIV/immunology/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; *Virus Replication
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    Isolation, experimental transmission, and characterization of causative agent of Potomac horse fever (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: Potomac horse fever, a disease characterized by fever, anorexia, leukopenia, and occasional diarrhea, is fatal in approximately 30 percent of affected animals. The seasonal occurrence of the disease (June to October) and evidence of antibodies to the rickettsia Ehrlichia sennetsu in the serum of convalescing horses suggested that a related rickettsia might be the causative agent. Such an agent was isolated in cultured blood monocytes from an experimentally infected pony. This intracytoplasmic organism was adapted to growth in primary cultures of canine blood monocytes. A healthy pony inoculated with these infected monocytes also developed the disease. The organism was reisolated from this animal which, at autopsy, had pathological manifestations typical of Potomac horse fever. Cross serologic reactions between the newly isolated agent and antisera to 15 rickettsiae revealed that it is related to certain members of the genus Ehrlichia, particularly to Ehrlichia sennetsu. Since the disease occurs in other parts of the United States as well as in the vicinity of the Potomac River, and since it has also been reported in Europe, the name equine monocytic ehrlichiosis is proposed as being more descriptive.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holland, C J -- Ristic, M -- Cole, A I -- Johnson, P -- Baker, G -- Goetz, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):522-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Ehrlichia/growth & development/immunology/*isolation & ; purification/ultrastructure ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Horse Diseases/blood/*microbiology/transmission ; Horses ; Monocytes/*microbiology ; Rickettsiaceae/*isolation & purification ; Rickettsiaceae Infections/blood/microbiology/transmission/*veterinary ; Terminology as Topic ; Vacuoles/ultrastructure
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    Persistent noncytopathic infection of normal human T lymphocytes with AIDS-associated retrovirus (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: Infection of normal peripheral blood T cells by the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated retrovirus (ARV) was evaluated in long-term cultures of helper-inducer T cells (T4 cells). Cells that were inoculated with ARV and maintained in medium supplemented with interleukin-2 remained productively infected with this virus for more than 4 months in culture, although they showed no cytopathic effects characteristic of acute ARV infection. The presence of replicating virus was demonstrated by reverse transcriptase activity of culture fluids and by viral antigens and budding particles detected on cells by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Virus produced in these cultures remained infectious and could induce cytopathic effects and viral antigens in uninfected lymphoid cells. The finding that normal lymphocytes may be productively infected by an AIDS retrovirus in the absence of cell death suggests that a range of biologic effects may occur after infection in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoxie, J A -- Haggarty, B S -- Rackowski, J L -- Pillsbury, N -- Levy, J A -- CA-34980/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1400-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*microbiology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Retroviridae Infections/immunology/microbiology ; T-Lymphocytes/*microbiology
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    Microinjected c-myc as a competence factor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: While a number of oncogenes are expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, their role in the control of cell proliferation can only be established by a direct functional assay. The c-myc protein, upon microinjection into nuclei of quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells, cooperated with platelet-poor plasma in the stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis. This suggests that c-myc protein, like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), may act as a competence factor in the cell cycle to promote the progression of cells to S phase. The presence in the medium of an antibody against PDGF abolished DNA synthesis induced by microinjected PDGF; however, the microinjected c-myc protein stimulated DNA synthesis even when its own antibody was present in the medium. The c-myc protein may act as an intracellular competence factor, while PDGF expresses its biological activity only from outside the cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaczmarek, L -- Hyland, J K -- Watt, R -- Rosenberg, M -- Baserga, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Mice ; *Oncogenes ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology
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    Modulation of the sis gene transcript during endothelial cell differentiation in vitro (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Endothelial cells, which line the interior walls of blood vessels, proliferate at the site of blood vessel injury. Knowledge of the factors that control the proliferation of these cells would help elucidate the role of endothelial cells in wound healing, tumor growth, and arteriosclerosis. In vitro, endothelial cells organize into viable, three-dimensional tubular structures in environments that limit cell proliferation. The process of endothelial cell organization was found to result in decreased levels of the sis messenger RNA transcript and increased levels of the messenger RNA transcript for fibronectin. This situation was reversed on transition from the organized structure to a proliferative monolayer. These results suggest a reciprocity for two biological response modifiers involved in the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaye, M -- McConathy, E -- Drohan, W -- Tong, B -- Deuel, T -- Maciag, T -- 14147/PHS HHS/ -- 310765/PHS HHS/ -- 4807/PHS HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):882-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Endothelium/*cytology/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibronectins/biosynthesis/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/pharmacology ; Humans ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 41
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    High-affinity uptake of serotonin into immunocytochemically identified astrocytes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Primary cultures of astrocytes from neonatal rat brain were incubated with tritiated serotonin. After fixation they were stained by immunofluorescence for the astrocyte-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein and processed for autoradiography. Silver grain density was increased over cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and was reduced to background levels when sodium was omitted from the medium or the specific inhibitors of serotonin uptake fluoxetine and chlorimipramine were present. The results indicate that mammalian astrocytes can take up serotonin by a sodium-dependent, high-affinity system previously thought to be the exclusive property of serotonergic nerve endings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kimelberg, H K -- Katz, D M -- NS 19492/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):889-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890180" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/analysis/drug effects/*metabolism ; Autoradiography ; Biological Transport ; Cells, Cultured ; Clomipramine/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/analysis ; Rats ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Sodium/pharmacology
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  • 42
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    Cytosolic-free calcium transients in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells: microfluorometric measurements (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Microfluorometric recordings were made of changes in the concentration of cytosolic-free calcium in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells treated with quin 2, an intracellularly trapped dye, under several conditions. Nitroglycerin decreased calcium in both the presence and absence of extracellular calcium and strongly and progressively decreased the extent of transient increases in calcium induced by repeated applications of caffeine in the absence of extracellular calcium. Therefore nitroglycerin probably decreases cytosolic-free calcium by accelerating the extrusion of calcium through the sarcolemmal membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobayashi, S -- Kanaide, H -- Nakamura, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):553-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3927484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminoquinolines ; Animals ; Aorta ; Caffeine/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism ; Nitroglycerin/pharmacology ; Photomicrography ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 43
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    Deregulation of interleukin-2 receptor gene expression in HTLV-I-induced adult T-cell leukemia (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Infection of human T cells by human T-lymphotropic virus, type I (HTLV-I), a retrovirus, is uniformly associated with the constitutive expression of large numbers of cellular receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2). Comparison with normal T cells shows that neither IL-2 receptor gene organization nor IL-2 receptor messenger RNA processing are altered in the leukemic cells. However, mitogenic stimuli activate IL-2 receptor gene expression in normal T cells, whereas these stimuli paradoxically inhibit IL-2 receptor gene transcription in HTLV-I-infected leukemic T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kronke, M -- Leonard, W J -- Depper, J M -- Greene, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus ; Humans ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Platelet-mediated cholesterol accumulation in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: Cholesterol accumulates within smooth muscle cells and macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby contributing to the progressive enlargement of these lesions. The mechanism of this cellular accumulation of cholesterol is not known. The possibility that platelets may have a role in the cellular cholesterol accumulation that occurs during atherogenesis was investigated. Incubation of thrombin-activated washed rat platelets (or platelet-free supernatants prepared from thrombin-activated platelets) with cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells induced cholesteryl ester lipid droplet accumulation within the smooth muscle cells. No cholesteryl ester lipid droplets accumulated when smooth muscle cells were incubated with unactivated platelets. Smooth muscle cell lipid droplet accumulation occurred in the absence of serum lipoproteins and was not inhibited by mevinolin, a drug that blocks cholesterol synthesis. These findings suggest that activated platelets may release cholesterol, which can be accumulated by cells and stored as lipid droplets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kruth, H S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1243-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/physiopathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*physiopathology ; Blood Platelets/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/*physiology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*cytology/physiopathology ; Platelet Aggregation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Thrombin/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Morphine-induced delay of normal cell death in the avian ciliary ganglion (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Repeated administration of morphine in increasing doses delayed normal cell death in the ciliary ganglion of the chick embryo; the effect was completely blocked by naloxone. Survival of spinal motoneurons was not affected. Morphine also inhibited potassium-stimulated synthesis of acetylcholine in ganglion cells cultured with muscle, suggesting that morphine can influence neurotransmission. Morphine's effect on cell death may be due to an inhibition of transmission at the neuromuscular junction, but opiates may also directly affect cell death. Although it is now known whether the endogenous opiates in the ciliary ganglion influence neuronal survival during embryogenesis, exogenous opiates can affect normal cell death in the autonomic nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meriney, S D -- Gray, D B -- Pilar, G -- NS 10338/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 19640/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Birds ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ganglia, Parasympathetic/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Spinal Nerves/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 46
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    Site-specific increased phosphorylation of pp60v-src after treatment of RSV-transformed cells with a tumor promoter (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: When vole cells that had been transformed by Rous sarcoma virus were treated with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA), specific phosphorylation of pp60v-src was increased. Partial V8 protease mapping indicated that the increased phosphorylation occurred exclusively on serine residues located in the amino terminus of the molecule. Treatment of cells with dimethyl sulfoxide or 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate did not elicit this response. Two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide mapping of pp60v-src immunoprecipitated from untreated and TPA-treated cells indicated that a specific tryptic amino-terminal peptide was hyperphosphorylated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purchio, A F -- Shoyab, M -- Gentry, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) ; Phorbol Esters/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Sarcoma, Avian/*genetics ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 47
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    Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA for human tumor necrosis factor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-12
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a soluble protein that causes damage to tumor cells but has no effect on normal cells. Human TNF was purified to apparent homogeneity as a 17.3-kilodalton protein from HL-60 leukemia cells and showed cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against various human tumor cell lines. The amino acid sequence was determined for the amino terminal end of the purified protein, and oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes were synthesized on the basis of this sequence. Complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human TNF was cloned from induced HL-60 messenger RNA and was confirmed by hybrid-selection assay, direct expression in COS-7 cells, and nucleotide sequence analysis. The human TNF cDNA is 1585 base pairs in length and encodes a protein of 233 amino acids. The mature protein begins at residue 77, leaving a long leader sequence of 76 amino acids. Expression of high levels of human TNF in Escherichia coli was accomplished under control of the bacteriophage lambda PL promoter and gene N ribosome binding site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, A M -- Creasey, A A -- Ladner, M B -- Lin, L S -- Strickler, J -- Van Arsdell, J N -- Yamamoto, R -- Mark, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):149-54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*genetics/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Xenopus
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Suppression of neurite elongation and growth cone motility by electrical activity (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-06-27
    Description: Electrical activity may regulate a number of neuronal functions in addition to its role in transmitting signals along nerve cells. The hypothesis that electrical activity affects neurite elongation in sprouting neurons was tested by stimulating individual snail neurons isolated in cell culture. The findings demonstrated that growth cone advance, and thus neurite elongation, is reversibly stopped during periods when action potentials are experimentally evoked. A decrease in filopodial number and growth cone area was also observed. Thus, action potentials can mediate the cessation of neurite outgrowth and thereby may influence structure and connectivity within the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohan, C S -- Kater, S B -- HD18577/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS15350/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS21217/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1638-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3715470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Axons/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophysiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Snails ; Synapses/physiology
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    The role of mononuclear phagocytes in HTLV-III/LAV infection (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-07-11
    Description: Cells with properties characteristic of mononuclear phagocytes were evaluated for infectivity with five different isolates of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III/LAV. Mononuclear phagocytes cultured from brain and lung tissues of AIDS patients harbored the virus. In vitro-infected macrophages from the peripheral blood, bone marrow, or cord blood of healthy donors produced large quantities of virus. Virus production persisted for at least 40 days and was not dependent on host cell proliferation. Giant multinucleated cells were frequently observed in the macrophage cultures and numerous virus particles, often located within vacuole-like structures, were present in infected cells. The different virus isolates were compared for their ability to infect macrophages and T cells. Isolates from lung- and brain-derived macrophages had a significantly higher ability to infect macrophages than T cells. In contrast, the prototype HTLV-III beta showed a 10,000-fold lower ability to infect macrophages than T cells and virus production was one-tenth that in macrophage cultures infected with other isolates, indicating that a particular variant of HTLV-III/LAV may have a preferential tropism for macrophages or T cells. These results suggest that mononuclear phagocytes may serve as primary targets for infection and agents for virus dissemination and that these virus-infected cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gartner, S -- Markovits, P -- Markovitz, D M -- Kaplan, M H -- Gallo, R C -- Popovic, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):215-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3014648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology ; Brain/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lung/cytology ; Macrophages/physiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phagocytes/*physiology
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    Flow effects on prostacyclin production by cultured human endothelial cells (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: Endothelial cell functions, such as arachidonic acid metabolism, may be modulated by membrane stresses induced by blood flow. The production of prostacyclin by primary human endothelial cell cultures subjected to pulsatile and steady flow shear stress was measured. The onset of flow led to a sudden increase in prostacyclin production, which decreased to a steady rate within several minutes. The steady-state production rate of cells subjected to pulsatile shear stress was more than twice that of cells exposed to steady shear stress and 16 times greater than that of cells in stationary culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frangos, J A -- Eskin, S G -- McIntire, L V -- Ives, C L -- HL-17437/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-18672/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-23016/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1477-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Blood Circulation ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium/cytology/*metabolism ; Epoprostenol/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Stress, Mechanical
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    Induction of DNA synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes through stimulation of alpha 1 adrenoreceptor by norepinephrine (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-02-15
    Description: Addition of norepinephrine to primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes stimulates the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has been observed in serum-free medium containing epidermal growth factor and insulin. Stimulation of DNA synthesis by norepinephrine was strongly antagonized by the alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin but not by an alpha 2 antagonist or by a beta-adrenergic blocker. The beta agonist isoproterenol did not stimulate significant DNA synthesis. These results indicate that catecholamines interact with the alpha 1 adrenoreceptor to stimulate DNA synthesis in hepatocytes. Since alpha 1 receptors are present in most cells, this receptor may be important in cell growth regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cruise, J L -- Houck, K A -- Michalopoulos, G K -- CA 35373/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07184/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):749-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2982212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Female ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Liver/*cytology ; Liver Regeneration ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Prazosin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects/*physiology ; Yohimbine/pharmacology
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  • 52
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    Evidence that the v-sis gene product transforms by interaction with the receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: A scheme for partial purification of biologically active v-sis-coded protein from cells transformed with simian sarcoma virus (SSV) has made possible a functional comparison of the transforming protein with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). The SSV-transforming gene product is capable of specifically binding PDGF receptors, stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF receptors, and inducing DNA synthesis in quiescent fibroblasts. Each of these activities was specifically inhibited by antibodies to different regions of the v-sis gene product. Moreover, viral infection of a variety of cell types revealed a strict correlation between those cells possessing PDGF receptors and those susceptible to transformation by SSV. These findings provide evidence that SSV-transforming activity is mediated by the interaction of a virus-coded mitogen with PDGF receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leal, F -- Williams, L T -- Robbins, K C -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; *Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mink ; Molecular Weight ; Muscle, Smooth/metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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    Prostacyclin synthesis induced in vascular cells by interleukin-1 (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-12
    Description: Supernatants from cultures of human monocytes that had been stimulated with endotoxin or silica induced the synthesis of prostacyclin in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The lymphokine mediating these effects on the cells of the blood vessel wall was identified as interleukin-1; interferons and interleukin-2 were inactive. Interleukin-1-induced prostacyclin synthesis represents a new aspect of the interaction between the immune system (as well as other tissues) and the vessel wall and may serve as a basis for the development of new strategies in antithrombotic therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rossi, V -- Breviario, F -- Ghezzi, P -- Dejana, E -- Mantovani, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Vessels/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium/*metabolism ; Epoprostenol/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Interferons/pharmacology ; Interleukin-1/*pharmacology ; Interleukin-2/pharmacology ; Monocytes/physiology ; Muscle, Smooth/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Defect in vitamin B12 release from lysosomes: newly described inborn error of vitamin B12 metabolism (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: Cultured diploid fibroblasts from a patient with a previously undescribed inborn error of cobalamin metabolism accumulate unmetabolized, nonprotein-bound vitamin B12 in lysosomes. These cells are able to endocytose the transcobalamin II-B12 complex and to release B12 from transcobalamin II. The freed vitamin B12 is not released from lysosomes into the cytoplasm of the cell. This suggests that there is a specific lysosomal transport mechanism for vitamin B12 in the human.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenblatt, D S -- Hosack, A -- Matiaszuk, N V -- Cooper, B A -- Laframboise, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lysosomes/*metabolism ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/*metabolism ; Vitamin B 12/*metabolism
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    Burst of publicity follows cancer report (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1367-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3877982" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Interleukin-2/immunology/*therapeutic use ; Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/*therapy ; United States
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    Neuroleukin: a lymphokine product of lectin-stimulated T cells (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: Neuroleukin is a lymphokine product of lectin-stimulated T cells that induces immunoglobulin secretion by cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Neuroleukin acts early in the in vitro response that leads to formation of antibody-secreting cells, but continued production of immunoglobulin by differentiated antibody-secreting cells is neuroleukin-independent. Although the factor is not directly mitogenic, cellular proliferation is a late component of the response to neuroleukin. Neuroleukin does not have B-cell growth factor (BCGF) or B-cell differentiation factor (BCDF) activity in defined assays. Neuroleukin-evoked induction of immunoglobulin secretion is both monocyte- and T-cell-dependent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gurney, M E -- Apatoff, B R -- Spear, G T -- Baumel, M J -- Antel, J P -- Bania, M B -- Reder, A T -- 5PO1 NS24412/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):574-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3020690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/drug effects/physiology ; Bone Marrow/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase ; Growth Substances/genetics/pharmacology/*physiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular/drug effects ; Immunoglobulins/biosynthesis ; Lectins/pharmacology ; Leukemia/metabolism ; Lymphokines/genetics/pharmacology/*physiology ; Lymphoma/metabolism ; Mice ; Pokeweed Mitogens/pharmacology ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*physiology
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    Sequence and expression of human estrogen receptor complementary DNA (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1986-03-07
    Description: The mechanism by which the estrogen receptor and other steroid hormone receptors regulate gene expression in eukaryotic cells is not well understood. In this study, a complementary DNA clone containing the entire translated portion of the messenger RNA for the estrogen receptor from MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was sequenced and then expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells to give a functional protein. An open reading frame of 1785 nucleotides in the complementary DNA corresponded to a polypeptide of 595 amino acids and a molecular weight of 66,200, which is in good agreement with published molecular weight values of 65,000 to 70,000 for the estrogen receptor. Homogenates of transformed Chinese hamster ovary cells containing a protein that bound [3H]estradiol and sedimented as a 4S complex in salt-containing sucrose gradients and as an 8 to 9S complex in the absence of salt. Interaction of this receptor-[3H]estradiol complex with a monoclonal antibody that is specific for primate ER confirms the identity of the expressed complementary DNA as human estrogen receptor. Amino acid sequence comparisons revealed significant regional homology among the human estrogen receptor, the human glucocorticoid receptor, and the putative v-erbA oncogene product. This suggests that steroid receptor genes and the avian erythroblastosis viral oncogene are derived from a common primordial gene. The homologous region, which is rich in cysteine, lysine, and arginine, may represent the DNA-binding domain of these proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greene, G L -- Gilna, P -- Waterfield, M -- Baker, A -- Hort, Y -- Shine, J -- CA-02897/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD17103/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1150-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3753802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/analysis ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, Estrogen/*genetics ; Transformation, Genetic
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    Molecular cloning and expression of neuroleukin, a neurotrophic factor for spinal and sensory neurons (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: A novel 56,000-dalton growth factor found in mouse salivary gland was purified, molecularly cloned, and expressed in monkey COS cells. The protein is a neurotrophic factor and also, surprisingly, a lymphokine product of lectin-stimulated T cells. The factor was therefore named neuroleukin. Neuroleukin promotes the survival in culture of a subpopulation of embryonic spinal neurons that probably includes skeletal motor neurons. Neuroleukin also supports the survival of cultured sensory neurons that are insensitive to nerve growth factor, but has no effect on sympathetic or parasympathetic neurons. The amino acid sequence of neuroleukin is partly homologous to a highly conserved region of the external envelope protein of HTLV-III/LAV, the retrovirus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gurney, M E -- Heinrich, S P -- Lee, M R -- Yin, H S -- 5PO1 NS-21442/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):566-74.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3764429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase ; Growth Substances/genetics/*physiology ; Lymphokines/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Motor Neurons/drug effects ; Muscles/innervation ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Neurons/drug effects ; Neurons, Afferent/drug effects ; Salivary Glands/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 59
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    Cell line segregation during peripheral nervous system ontogeny (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-28
    Description: The peripheral nervous system of vertebrates arises from the neural crest and the ectodermal placodes. Construction of quail-chick chimaeras has provided significant information on the migration and fate of the neural crest and placodal cells. Transplantation of neural crest tissue to various sites in these chimaeras has demonstrated that the differentiation of neural crest cells is controlled by environmental influences during their migration and, particularly, during gangliogenesis. Experiments with in vitro and monoclonal antibody techniques have shown that these environmental cues act on a heterogeneous population of neural crest cells whose developmental potencies are partly restricted to definite differentiation pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Le Douarin, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1515-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3952494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chimera ; Coturnix/embryology ; Ganglia/cytology/*embryology/growth & development ; Neural Crest/cytology/immunology/*physiology/transplantation ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Peripheral Nerves/*embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 60
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    On the nature of a defect in cells from individuals with ataxia-telangiectasia (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-29
    Description: The cells and tissues of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), an inherited disease characterized by a high degree of proneness to cancer, are abnormally sensitive to ionizing radiation. Noncycling cultures of normal human and A-T fibroblasts were exposed to x-rays so that the breakage and rejoining of prematurely condensed chromosomes in the G1 phase could be compared. After a dose of 6.0 grays, both cell types had the same initial frequency of breaks and the same rate for rejoining of the breaks, but the fraction of breaks that did not rejoin was five to six times greater for the A-T cells. The results also show that progression of cells into the S phase is not a prerequisite for the increased frequency of chromosome fragments that appear in mitosis after A-T cells are irradiated in the G1 or G0 phase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cornforth, M N -- Bedford, J S -- CA 18023/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 36447/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 29;227(4694):1589-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ataxia Telangiectasia/*genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/radiation effects ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human/radiation effects ; DNA/radiation effects ; Humans ; X-Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 61
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    Correlated measurements of DNA, RNA, and protein in individual cells by flow cytometry (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: A cytochemical method was developed to differentially stain cellular DNA, RNA, and proteins with fluorochromes Hoechst 33342, pyronin Y, and fluorescein isothiocyanate, respectively. The fluorescence intensities, reflecting the DNA, RNA, and protein content of individual cells, were measured in a flow cytometer after sequential excitation by three lasers tuned to different excitation wavelengths. The method offers rapid analysis of changes in the cellular content of RNA and protein as well as in the RNA-protein, RNA-DNA, and protein-DNA ratios in relation to cell cycle position for large cell populations. An analysis of cycling cell populations (exponentially growing CHO cultures) and noncycling CHO cells arrested in the G1 phase by growth in isoleucine-free medium demonstrated the potential of the technique.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crissman, H A -- Darzynkiewicz, Z -- Tobey, R A -- Steinkamp, J A -- 1R0CA23296/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 28704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P41-RR01315-02/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1321-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; DNA/*analysis ; DNA Replication ; Female ; Flow Cytometry/*instrumentation ; Ovary ; Proteins/*analysis ; RNA/*analysis ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 62
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    Plant phenolic compounds induce expression of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens loci needed for virulence (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-05-23
    Description: The virulence loci of Agrobacterium tumefaciens are a set of linked transcriptional units that play an essential role in the early stages of plant tumorigenesis. These loci are induced upon cocultivation of the bacteria with plant cells. Seven phenolic compounds that are widely distributed among the angiosperm plants--catechol, gallic acid, pyrogallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, beta-resorcylic acid, and vanillin--are able to induce the expression of the virulence loci. These phenolics in combination induce each transcriptional locus of the vir loci. Furthermore, this induction displays similar kinetics and genetic control to that observed during cocultivation of the bacteria with plant cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bolton, G W -- Nester, E W -- Gordon, M P -- R01 GM32618/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 23;232(4753):983-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3085219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Genetic Engineering ; Phenols/*pharmacology ; Rhizobium/*genetics/pathogenicity ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 63
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    Control of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) synthesis: mechanisms of endotoxin resistance (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-05-23
    Description: Cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) is a macrophage hormone strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced shock. The availability of a DNA probe complementary to the cachectin messenger RNA (mRNA), as well as a specific antibody capable of recognizing the cachectin gene product, has made it possible to analyze the regulation of cachectin gene expression under a variety of conditions. Thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages obtained from mice contain a pool of cachectin mRNA that is not expressed as protein. When the cells are stimulated with endotoxin, large quantity of additional cachectin mRNA is produced, and immunoreactive cachectin is secreted. Macrophages from mice of the C3H/HeJ strain do not produce cachectin in response to endotoxin. A dual defect appears to prevent cachectin expression. First, a diminished quantity of cachectin mRNA is expressed in response to low concentrations of endotoxin. Second, a post-transcriptional defect prevents the production of cachectin protein. Macrophages from endotoxin-sensitive mice do not produce cachectin if they are first treated with dexamethasone, apparently for similar reasons. These findings give new insight into the nature of the C3H/HeJ mutation and suggest an important mechanism by which glucocorticoids may act to suppress inflammation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beutler, B -- Krochin, N -- Milsark, I W -- Luedke, C -- Cerami, A -- AI21359/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM01314/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 23;232(4753):977-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3754653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance ; Endotoxins/*pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Macrophages/drug effects/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H/physiology ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteins/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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