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  • Pregnancy  (30)
  • sediment  (29)
  • Springer  (32)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (27)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 1980-1984  (59)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1982  (59)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (32)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (27)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Years
  • 1980-1984  (59)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of pregnancy on immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 9-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Parathyroid hormone ; Pregnancy ; Nephrogenous cAMP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Parathyroid hormone (PTH) metabolism in pregnancy has not been clearly defined. Studies have reported either increased or unchanged values of immunoreactive PTH (iPTH). However, iPTH levels do not necessarily correlate with hormonal bioactivity due to the presence of immunoreactive but nonbioactive PTH fragments. In this study we evaluated PTH metabolism in the third trimester of pregnancy by determining iPTH blood levels as well as the biological effects of PTH, assessed by tubular maximum phosphate reabsorption (TmP) and nephrogenous cAMP (ncAMP) excretion, in 10 young, healthy pregnant patients (mean gestational age 35 weeks) and 10 young, healthy age-matched female controls. Pregnancy was associated with a significant increase in creatinine clearance (146±13 vs 106±9 ml/min,P〈0.01), and a significant decrease in total fasting serum calcium (8.4±0.1 vs 9.0±0.1 mg/dl,P〈0.001) and serum albumin (3.6±0.1 vs 4.2±0.1 g/dl,P〈0.001). There was no significant difference in iPTH (3.7±0.4 vs 4.3±0.5 µlEq/ml), serum phosphorus (3.6±0.1 vs 3.8±0.2 mg/dl), TmP (3.61±0.13 vs 3.75±0.25 mg/100 ml GFR), or ncAMP (1.68±0.20 vs 1.88±0.23 nmoles/100 ml GFR) between the two groups. Pregnancy was attended by a significant increase in fasting urinary calcium to creatinine ratio (0.14±0.03 vs 0.06±0.01,P〈0.05), an index of bone resorption. The data suggest that the biological effects of PTH are unchanged in pregnancy, and that reported increments in 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D in pregnancy are not regulated by changes in either PTH, calcium, or phosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411200
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of vitamin D in maternal skeletal changes during pregnancy and lactation: A histomorphometric study (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 245-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Vitamin D ; Vitamin D deficiency ; Bone ; Pregnancy ; Lactation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effect of vitamin D on bone changes during the reproductive cycle in female rats has been investigated. One group of female rats was maintained on a vitamin D-deficient diet and another group on a vitamin D-replete diet from weaning. Both groups were mated with normal males and changes in their bones were determined histomorphometrically during pregnancy, lactation, and after weaning. All vitamin D-deficient rats had bone changes typical of rickets. Pregnancy caused significant reductions in mineralized tissue of trabecular and cortical bone in the vitamin D-deficient rats. Lactation caused further significant reductions in mineralized tissues of cortical and trabecular bone in both the vitamin D-deficient and vitamin D-replete animals, with the greatest changes seen at weaning. Some restoration of mineralized tissues occurred following weaning. There was an increase in tetracycline-labeled bone surface in the vitamin D-replete animals during lactation, likely due to an increase in bone formation rates. In the vitamin D-deficient animals during lactation, there was a decrease in tetracyclinelabeled bone surface, likely due to severely depressed bone mineralization. These results indicate that the mobilization of calcium from bone to maintain pregnancy and lactation occurs by a mechanism independent of vitamin D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411245
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal variation in the oxygen uptake of river sedimentsin vitro by use of continuous flow-through systems (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediment ; rivers ; oxygen uptake ; continuous flow-through
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The diurnal exchange of oxygen, over the sediment-water interface, was measured on ‘undisturbed’ sediment cores incubated on the river bank of three reaches in the river Susaa, Denmark. The incubation chambers were equipped with a double pumping system, driving an internal and an external flow, respectively. The internal flow created a unidirectional flow over the sediment surface, with the same velocity as the natural river flow. River water was continuously pumped through the incubation chambers (external flow). Magnetic valves alternately shifted the inlet and outlet water through a registration chamber equipped with an oxygen probe and a temperature transducer (A/D 540, integrated circuit). The potential was amplified and registered every minute on a tape recorder. The rate of exchange of oxygen in the chambers was described by the following equation: $${\text{r - exch(t) = }}\frac{{{\text{flow(t)}}}}{{{\text{volume}}}}{\text{[inlet(t) - outlet(t)] - }}\frac{{{\text{d[outlet(t)}}}}{{{\text{dt}}}}$$ Various methods for the numerical solution of the differential equation were used. Due to a small amount of ‘noise’ on the probes, the cubic spline method gave an unrealistically high variation in the oxygen uptake. A better description was obtained, when a Fourier transformation of the inlet and outlet concentrations of oxygen was made. When 15 Fourier coefficients were used, the r-value of the model was better than 0.996. On permanently dark sediment samples, a hysteresis effect between the oxygen exchange rate and the oxygen concentration and temperature appeared. The exchange rates were lower in periods with increasing oxygen concentration. A minimum in the exchange rate was obtained, before the minimum in the concentration of oxygen and temperature was found. This type of hysteresis could be explained by equilibration in connection with the transient state conditions. The hysteresis was probably enlarged by shifts in the size of the aerobic layer in the sediment. The importance of the hysteresis in oxygen balance models for rivers is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rates of sediment-water exchange of oxygen and sediment bioturbation in Lough Neagh, Northern Ireland (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bioturbation ; oxygen ; sediment ; Lough Neagh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen is transported 30 mm into the sediment at an 8 m depth site in eutrophic Lough Neagh by the irrigational activities of the benthic fauna. Faunal activity also mixes the upper 20 mm of sediment. Sediment oxygen uptake rate, redox potential-depth profile and the chlorophylla concentration were measured in the upper sediment layers from February to November 1979. Chlorophylla input to the sediment, following the Spring phytoplankton maximum, remained in the 0–1 cm sediment layer but did cause the redox potential profile to change from one with potentials around 400 mV in the upper 50 mm to one with a strong gradient over the 0–30 mm region. The start of benthic faunal activity in May caused the chlorophylla to be mixed into the 1–2 cm layer and also caused oxygen to be transported into the sediment at a rate sufficient to change the redox potential back to its initial state. The biodiffusion coefficient for solids in the upper 20 mm was estimated to be 6 × 10−8 cm2 s−1. Oxygen transport in the pore, waters of the upper sediment layers was considered to be best described as advection, caused by the irrigational activities of the benthic fauna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940127
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphate ; sediment ; bioassay ; algae ; phosphate fractionation ; NTA extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amount of phosphorus available to algae in the sediments of four lakes in the western part of the Netherlands has been assessed by means of chemical extraction and bioassay techniques. In addition to direct chemical sediment analyses, extractions were carried out with an NTA column method and a stepwise NH4 Cl-NaOH-HCI shaking method, the latter supposedly separating the weakly bound, the Fe- and Al-bound and the Ca-bound phosphates in the sediments. Bioassays, with sediment as the sole source of P, were made with Scenedesmus quadricauda in modified Skulberg's 28 medium to determine the amount of phosphates available to algae. The average total P concentration of the sediments varied from 0.8 to 3.6 mg P g−1 dry wt and correlated well with the net external P loading of the lakes. Uptake of P by algae in the bioassays varied from 0.4 to 36% — while NTA extracted 36–69% of the total P. The ratio NH4Cl extracted/ NaOH extracted/ HCI extracted phosphates is different from lake to lake, although in all lakes the highest extractions (27–62% of total P) are found in the NaOH fraction. However, in the peaty sediments of these lakes, the NaOH step extracted not only the Fe- and Al-bound phosphates but, also, large amounts of humus compounds. Hence, this fraction also contains non-available organic P. The results are related to soil type and chemical characteristics of the sediments, and compared with data from other authors. A positive correlation was found between phosphate available to algae and NTA- and NaOH-extractable P, but the correlation with total phosphorus was higher. Moreover, algal-extractable P proved to be positively correlated with total iron and clay content and negatively with the amount of organic matter. It is concluded that the sediments in the investigated lakes show great variability and that the chemical extraction techniques cannot replace the bioassays to assess the amount of phosphorus available to algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000047
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entrainment, deposition, and transport of fine-grained sediments in lakes (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 31-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediment ; entrainment ; deposition ; transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recent work on the settling, diffusion, entrainment, and deposition of fine-grained sediments in fresh water is reviewed and synthesized. Particular attention is given to the dependence of these processes on sediment properties such as particle size. The application of this knowledge to the analysis and numerical modeling of sediment transport is also discussed. Much of the work is concerned with the Great Lakes and, more specifically, with the Western Basin of Lake Erie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940094
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Availability of dissolved oxygen in interstitial waters of a sandy creek (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 651-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: stream ; sediment ; sand ; hyporheal ; oxygen ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and alkalinity of surface and subsurface interstitial waters were investigated at Mill Creek (a small, rural, predominantly sandy stream in east Texas). Dissolved oxygen concentration tended to decrease with sediment depth, while conductivity and alkalinity did not significantly change with substrate depth. Surface water pH was significantly higher than interstitial water (p = 0.05). Chemical analyses of subsurface water from a pre- to post-storm event showed a depression in dissolved oxygen concentration in moderate and deep interstitial waters, immediately following the return of stream base flow, with the deeper strata returning to pre-storm oxygen levels four days later. A thermal convective current mechanism is proposed which would serve to transport surface water downward into these deeper interstices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391980
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphate ; sediment ; bioassay ; algae ; phosphate fractionation ; NTA extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amount of phosphorus available to algae in the sediments of four lakes in the western part of the Netherlands has been assessed by means of chemical extraction and bioassay techniques. In addition to direct chemical sediment analyses, extractions were carried out with an NTA column method and a stepwise NH4 Cl-NaOH-HCI shaking method, the latter supposedly separating the weakly bound, the Fe- and Al-bound and the Ca-bound phosphates in the sediments. Bioassays, with sediment as the sole source of P, were made withScenedesmus quadricauda in modified Skulberg's 28 medium to determine the amount of phosphates available to algae. The average total P concentration of the sediments varied from 0.8 to 3.6 mg P g−1 dry wt and correlated well with the net external P loading of the lakes. Uptake of P by algae in the bioassays varied from 0.4 to 36% — while NTA extracted 36–69% of the total P. The ratio NH4Cl extracted/ NaOH extracted/ HCI extracted phosphates is different from lake to lake, although in all lakes the highest extractions (27–62% of total P) are found in the NaOH fraction. However, in the peaty sediments of these lakes, the NaOH step extracted not only the Fe- and Al-bound phosphates but, also, large amounts of humus compounds. Hence, this fraction also contains non-available organic P. The results are related to soil type and chemical characteristics of the sediments, and compared with data from other authors. A positive correlation was found between phosphate available to algae and NTA- and NaOH-extractable P, but the correlation with total phosphorus was higher. Moreover, algal-extractable P proved to be positively correlated with total iron and clay content and negatively with the amount of organic matter. It is concluded that the sediments in the investigated lakes show great variability and that the chemical extraction techniques cannot replace the bioassays to assess the amount of phosphorus available to algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391963
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of land use on the diatom communities in lakes (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 86 (1982), S. 99-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: diatoms ; lakes ; land use ; sediment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Data on recenr diatom community structure and relevant environmental characteristics from the lakes and their catchments have been collected from 151 oligotrophic lakes in eastern Finland. The pattern of frequency distribution of diatoms as a function of environmental variables, including land use in the catchment, differs between diatom taxa and indicates the optimum conditions and amplitude of occurrence for particular species. This kind of study should lead to increased understanding of the environmental requirements of diatom species and will be useful in the interpretation of historical changes in lakes as well as in forecasting possible future changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005794
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rates of sediment-water exchange of oxygen and sediment bioturbation in Lough Neagh, Northern Ireland (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bioturbation ; oxygen ; sediment ; Lough Neagh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen is transported 30 mm into the sediment at an 8 m depth site in eutrophic Lough Neagh by the irrigational activities of the benthic fauna. Faunal activity also mixes the upper 20 mm of sediment. Sediment oxygen uptake rate, redox potential-depth profile and the chlorophylla concentration were measured in the upper sediment layers from February to November 1979. Chlorophylla input to the sediment, following the Spring phytoplankton maximum, remained in the 0–1 cm sediment layer but did cause the redox potential profile to change from one with potentials around 400 mV in the upper 50 mm to one with a strong gradient over the 0–30 mm region. The start of benthic faunal activity in May caused the chlorophylla to be mixed into the 1–2 cm layer and also caused oxygen to be transported into the sediment at a rate sufficient to change the redox potential back to its initial state. The biodiffusion coefficient for solids in the upper 20 mm was estimated to be 6 × 10−8 cm2 s−1. Oxygen transport in the pore, waters of the upper sediment layers was considered to be best described as advection, caused by the irrigational activities of the benthic fauna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391953
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different patterns of phosphorus release from lake sediments in laboratory experiments (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 415-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphorus release ; sediment ; nitrate ; redox-potential ; sorption ; fractionation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phosphorus release from surface sediments of eight lakes, mainly shallow lakes in agricultural areas, was studied in laboratory batch experiments with additions of acetate and/ or nitrate. The lake sediments could be separated into three categories. Some sediments did not release phosphorus under any conditions. The second category showed a high phosphorus release rate when acetate was added, in order to stimulate bacterial activity and oxygen consumption. The addition of nitrate, only, stabilized the redox conditions and prevented phosphorus release. This pattern followed the classical theories of Einsele and Mortimer. The third sediment category released phosphorus up to some level which remained constant throughout the experiment, and was independent of acetate and/or nitrate additions. Several extraction procedures and adsorption-desorption experiments were performed in order to characterize the sediment phosphorus and thus explain the different behaviours of the three sediment categories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391957
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon accumulation in freshwater sediments of an urban catchment (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 285-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: PAH ; aliphatic hydrocarbons ; sediment ; stormwater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The top and bottom of two sediment cores collected from an urban receiving basin in NW London, and stormwater samples from the attendant catchment, have been analysed for their hydrocarbon content. In surface sediments, basal sediments and stormwater, total aliphatic hydrocarbon levels are 445–690 µg g−1 dry wt., 43–224 µg g−1 and 0.36–1.10 mg l−1, respectively; and total levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are 780–1 100 µg g−1, 310–640 µg g1 and 5.83–18.21 mg l−1, respectively. Biodegradation of aliphatics is assessed by phytane:n-C18 and pristane: n-C17 ratios. Hydrocarbon sources are determined from phytane: pristane ratios, odd: even carbon chain length ratios, the presence of an unresolved complex mixture, and by comparison of the amount of methyl-substituted PAH s with that of the parent compounds. Comparison of total levels between surface and basal sediments shows a 1 to 3 fold increase in total PAHs and a 3 to 10 fold increase in aliphatic hydrocarbons over a 120 year period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391945
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical and geochemical characteristics of suspended solids, Wilton Creek, Ontario (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 41-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: biogeochemistry ; rivers ; sediment ; water quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To understand the nature of sediment-associated nutrient and contaminant transport dynamics in fluvial systems, a stormflow sampling program of suspended solids is reported for one water year in a representative rural diffuse source catchment of southeastern Ontario. Bulk samples of subsieve suspended solids were obtained using field-portable continuous-flow centrifuge apparatus. The physical and geochemical properties of suspended solids show no significant intersite differences over reaches of 1 500–2 000 m, yet display distinctive seasonal trends. Systematic seasonal changes in particle size, organic content, and Ca, P, Mn, Al, Ti, Fe, and K appear to reflect the changing role of partial area hydrology. Ca, P, and Mn are bioaccumulated by stream algae. Mineral signature is relatively constant over the year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940095
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sediment releases from a reservoir on stream macroinvertebrates (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 96 (1982), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediment ; reservoir ; stream ; macroinvertebrates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of sediment release from Guernsey Reservoir on macroinvertebrates of the North Platte River, Wyoming, were investigated during summer 1981. Suspended solids concentrations during sediment release increased from 〈20 mg l−1 to 〉300 mg l−1. Because fine particulates remained in suspension, mean particle size of substrates was unaltered. Densities of chironomids decreased 90% + during sediment release but recovered to initial levels in 3 weeks after the release ended. Densities of mayflies and oligochaetes increased. Changes in benthic populations were highly correlated with increases in suspended solids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185433
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different patterns of phosphorus release from lake sediments in laboratory experiments (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 415-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphorus release ; sediment ; nitrate ; redox-potential ; sorption ; fractionation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phosphorus release from surface sediments of eight lakes, mainly shallow lakes in agricultural areas, was studied in laboratory batch experiments with additions of acetate and/ or nitrate. The lake sediments could be separated into three categories. Some sediments did not release phosphorus under any conditions. The second category showed a high phosphorus release rate when acetate was added, in order to stimulate bacterial activity and oxygen consumption. The addition of nitrate, only, stabilized the redox conditions and prevented phosphorus release. This pattern followed the classical theories of Einsele and Mortimer. The third sediment category released phosphorus up to some level which remained constant throughout the experiment, and was independent of acetate and/or nitrate additions. Several extraction procedures and adsorption-desorption experiments were performed in order to characterize the sediment phosphorus and thus explain the different behaviours of the three sediment categories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000041
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Availability of dissolved oxygen in interstitial waters of a sandy creek (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 651-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: stream ; sediment ; sand ; hyporheal ; oxygen ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and alkalinity of surface and subsurface interstitial waters were investigated at Mill Creek (a small, rural, predominantly sandy stream in east Texas). Dissolved oxygen concentration tended to decrease with sediment depth, while conductivity and alkalinity did not significantly change with substrate depth. Surface water pH was significantly higher than interstitial water (p = 0.05). Chemical analyses of subsurface water from a pre- to post-storm event showed a depression in dissolved oxygen concentration in moderate and deep interstitial waters, immediately following the return of stream base flow, with the deeper strata returning to pre-storm oxygen levels four days later. A thermal convective current mechanism is proposed which would serve to transport surface water downward into these deeper interstices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000064
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphate ; sediment ; bioassay ; algae ; phosphate fractionation ; NTA extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amount of phosphorus available to algae in the sediments of four lakes in the western part of the Netherlands has been assessed by means of chemical extraction and bioassay techniques. In addition to direct chemical sediment analyses, extractions were carried out with an NTA column method and a stepwise NH4 Cl-NaOH-HCI shaking method, the latter supposedly separating the weakly bound, the Fe- and Al-bound and the Ca-bound phosphates in the sediments. Bioassays, with sediment as the sole source of P, were made withScenedesmus quadricauda in modified Skulberg's 28 medium to determine the amount of phosphates available to algae. The average total P concentration of the sediments varied from 0.8 to 3.6 mg P g−1 dry wt and correlated well with the net external P loading of the lakes. Uptake of P by algae in the bioassays varied from 0.4 to 36% — while NTA extracted 36–69% of the total P. The ratio NH4Cl extracted/ NaOH extracted/ HCI extracted phosphates is different from lake to lake, although in all lakes the highest extractions (27–62% of total P) are found in the NaOH fraction. However, in the peaty sediments of these lakes, the NaOH step extracted not only the Fe- and Al-bound phosphates but, also, large amounts of humus compounds. Hence, this fraction also contains non-available organic P. The results are related to soil type and chemical characteristics of the sediments, and compared with data from other authors. A positive correlation was found between phosphate available to algae and NTA- and NaOH-extractable P, but the correlation with total phosphorus was higher. Moreover, algal-extractable P proved to be positively correlated with total iron and clay content and negatively with the amount of organic matter. It is concluded that the sediments in the investigated lakes show great variability and that the chemical extraction techniques cannot replace the bioassays to assess the amount of phosphorus available to algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940137
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the influence of bioturbation on the vertical distribution of sedimentary phosphorus in L. Esrom (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bioturbation ; modelling ; sediment ; phosphorus ; Chironomus anthracinus ; Potamothrix hammoniensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A multilayer sediment-water exchange model was used to evaluate the importance of bioturbation in the profundal sediments of L. Esrom. The temporal variation of the vertical distribution of sedimentary phosphorus fractions was modelled with an objective function of 1.50. Deviations between measured and simulated values occurred in the spring, where the measured pool of sedimentary phosphorus sharply declined in the surface sediments. The application of a model for the activity ofChironomus anthracinus based on biomass, oxygen consumption and temperature improved the model in the spring period. The downwards transport of easy-degradable surface sediments reduced the average release of sedimentary phosphorus from 12 mg P · m−2 · day−1 to 11 mg P · M−2 · day−1. The introduction of a similar model for the other important burrowing species in L. Esrom,Potamothrix hammoniensis, lowered the objective function to 1.37 and increased the average release to 12.5 mg P · m−2 · day−1. The minor role of bioturbation in sediment processes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940110
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon accumulation in freshwater sediments of an urban catchment (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 285-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: PAH ; aliphatic hydrocarbons ; sediment ; stormwater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The top and bottom of two sediment cores collected from an urban receiving basin in NW London, and stormwater samples from the attendant catchment, have been analysed for their hydrocarbon content. In surface sediments, basal sediments and stormwater, total aliphatic hydrocarbon levels are 445–690 µg g−1 dry wt., 43–224 µg g−1 and 0.36–1.10 mg l−1, respectively; and total levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are 780–1 100 µg g−1, 310–640 µg g1 and 5.83–18.21 mg l−1, respectively. Biodegradation of aliphatics is assessed by phytane:n-C18 and pristane: n-C17 ratios. Hydrocarbon sources are determined from phytane: pristane ratios, odd: even carbon chain length ratios, the presence of an unresolved complex mixture, and by comparison of the amount of methyl-substituted PAH s with that of the parent compounds. Comparison of total levels between surface and basal sediments shows a 1 to 3 fold increase in total PAHs and a 3 to 10 fold increase in aliphatic hydrocarbons over a 120 year period.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940119
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical and geochemical characteristics of suspended solids, Wilton Creek, Ontario (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 41-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: biogeochemistry ; rivers ; sediment ; water quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To understand the nature of sediment-associated nutrient and contaminant transport dynamics in fluvial systems, a stormflow sampling program of suspended solids is reported for one water year in a representative rural diffuse source catchment of southeastern Ontario. Bulk samples of subsieve suspended solids were obtained using field-portable continuous-flow centrifuge apparatus. The physical and geochemical properties of suspended solids show no significant intersite differences over reaches of 1 500–2 000 m, yet display distinctive seasonal trends. Systematic seasonal changes in particle size, organic content, and Ca, P, Mn, Al, Ti, Fe, and K appear to reflect the changing role of partial area hydrology. Ca, P, and Mn are bioaccumulated by stream algae. Mineral signature is relatively constant over the year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391921
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
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    Modelling the influence of bioturbation on the vertical distribution of sedimentary phosphorus in L. Esrom (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bioturbation ; modelling ; sediment ; phosphorus ; Chironomus anthracinus ; Potamothrix hammoniensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A multilayer sediment-water exchange model was used to evaluate the importance of bioturbation in the profundal sediments of L. Esrom. The temporal variation of the vertical distribution of sedimentary phosphorus fractions was modelled with an objective function of 1.50. Deviations between measured and simulated values occurred in the spring, where the measured pool of sedimentary phosphorus sharply declined in the surface sediments. The application of a model for the activity ofChironomus anthracinus based on biomass, oxygen consumption and temperature improved the model in the spring period. The downwards transport of easy-degradable surface sediments reduced the average release of sedimentary phosphorus from 12 mg P · m−2 · day−1 to 11 mg P · M−2 · day−1. The introduction of a similar model for the other important burrowing species in L. Esrom,Potamothrix hammoniensis, lowered the objective function to 1.37 and increased the average release to 12.5 mg P · m−2 · day−1. The minor role of bioturbation in sediment processes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391936
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convection in bottom sediments and its role in material exchange between water and sediments (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 86 (1982), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: convection ; sediment ; temperature ; convectional diffusion ; material exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In two Finnish lakes, in winter and summer, a constant temperature in the sediment was not reached until a depth of 1.5–2 m. The thermal stratification pattern in the sediment was similar to that in water. However, the lack of turbulent mixing in the sediment resulted in a thin ‘episediment’. This stratification was caused by convection. Convection currents in the sediment were most prevalent during spring and autumn overturn when the density of overlying water was greater than that of the interstitial water. Convection was also possible in winter. The duration and magnitude of convection was dependent on warming and cooling rates. Such convection currents may be important in material exchange between sediment and water since material concentrations in interstitial water are 5–100 times greater than in overlying water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005795
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the burrowing mayfly, Hexagenia, on nitrogen and sulfur fractions in lake sediment microcosms (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 87 (1982), S. 273-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Hexagenia ; sediment ; sulfur ; nitrogen ; bioturbation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of the burrowing mayfly, Hexagenia, on nitrogen and sulfur fractions of sediment, and overlying water were determined. Laboratory microcosms were used to reproduce the benthic environment. The activities of Hexagenia increased sediment Eh (1.98 ± 0.486 (22) mV · day −1), and decreased pH in sediment (−0.007 ± 0.001 (22) day −1) and overlying water(-0.024 ± 0.004 (10) day−1). In the control, Eh decreased and pH did not change. The presence of Hexagenia also markedly increased ammonia in sediment (5.46 ± 0.14 (22) ppm N · day−1) and overlying water (0.792 ± 0.154 (10) ppm N · day−1), while the control did not change. In addition, the sulfate fraction of sediment (0.177 ± 0.006 (17)% dry mass) and water (50.0 ± 4.9 (5) mg · I−1) in microcosms with Hexagenia was greater than that of the control (0.151 ± 0.005 (16)% dry mass; 14.7 ± 1.71 (3) mg · 1−1) at the termination of the experiment. Hexagenia may also stimulate the mineralization of carbon-bonded sulfur. The general role of Hexagenia in altering sediment chemistry is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00007235
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rates of sediment-water exchange of oxygen and sediment bioturbation in Lough Neagh, Northern Ireland (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bioturbation ; oxygen ; sediment ; Lough Neagh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen is transported 30 mm into the sediment at an 8 m depth site in eutrophic Lough Neagh by the irrigational activities of the benthic fauna. Faunal activity also mixes the upper 20 mm of sediment. Sediment oxygen uptake rate, redox potential-depth profile and the chlorophyll a concentration were measured in the upper sediment layers from February to November 1979. Chlorophyll a input to the sediment, following the Spring phytoplankton maximum, remained in the 0–1 cm sediment layer but did cause the redox potential profile to change from one with potentials around 400 mV in the upper 50 mm to one with a strong gradient over the 0–30 mm region. The start of benthic faunal activity in May caused the chlorophyll a to be mixed into the 1–2 cm layer and also caused oxygen to be transported into the sediment at a rate sufficient to change the redox potential back to its initial state. The biodiffusion coefficient for solids in the upper 20 mm was estimated to be 6 × 10−8 cm2 s−1. Oxygen transport in the pore, waters of the upper sediment layers was considered to be best described as advection, caused by the irrigational activities of the benthic fauna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000037
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulative phases for heavy metals in limnic sediments (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 269-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: heavy metals ; sediment ; concentrates ; extraction ; availability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Data from mechanical concentrates of recent sediments indicate that clay minerals, clay-rich aggregates and heavy minerals are the major carriers of heavy metals in detrital sediment fractions. Hydrous Fe/Mn oxides and carbonates and sulfides, in their specific environments, are the predominant accumulative phases for heavy metals in autochthonous fractions. Sequential chemical extraction techniques permit the estimation of characteristic heavy metal bonding forms: exchangeable metal cations, easily reducible, moderately reducible, organic and residual metal fractions, whereby both diagenetic processes and the potential availability of toxic compounds can be studied. The data from lakes affected by acid precipitation indicate that zinc, cobalt and nickel are mainly released from the easily reducible sediment fractions and cadmium from organic phases. In contrast at pH 4.4, neither lead nor copper seem to be remobilized to any significant extent. Immobilization by carbonate precipitation seems to provide an effective mechanism for the reduction of dissolved inputs 9f metals such as zinc and cadmium in pH-buffered, hard water systems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940118
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Availability of dissolved oxygen in interstitial waters of a sandy creek (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 651-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: stream ; sediment ; sand ; hyporheal ; oxygen ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and alkalinity of surface and subsurface interstitial waters were investigated at Mill Creek (a small, rural, predominantly sandy stream in east Texas). Dissolved oxygen concentration tended to decrease with sediment depth, while conductivity and alkalinity did not significantly change with substrate depth. Surface water pH was significantly higher than interstitial water (p = 0.05). Chemical analyses of subsurface water from a pre- to post-storm event showed a depression in dissolved oxygen concentration in moderate and deep interstitial waters, immediately following the return of stream base flow, with the deeper strata returning to pre-storm oxygen levels four days later. A thermal convective current mechanism is proposed which would serve to transport surface water downward into these deeper interstices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940154
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entrainment, deposition, and transport of fine-grained sediments in lakes (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 31-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediment ; entrainment ; deposition ; transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recent work on the settling, diffusion, entrainment, and deposition of fine-grained sediments in fresh water is reviewed and synthesized. Particular attention is given to the dependence of these processes on sediment properties such as particle size. The application of this knowledge to the analysis and numerical modeling of sediment transport is also discussed. Much of the work is concerned with the Great Lakes and, more specifically, with the Western Basin of Lake Erie.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391920
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal variation in the oxygen uptake of river sedimentsin vitro by use of continuous flow-through systems (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediment ; rivers ; oxygen uptake ; continuous flow-through
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The diurnal exchange of oxygen, over the sediment-water interface, was measured on ‘undisturbed’ sediment cores incubated on the river bank of three reaches in the river Susaa, Denmark. The incubation chambers were equipped with a double pumping system, driving an internal and an external flow, respectively. The internal flow created a unidirectional flow over the sediment surface, with the same velocity as the natural river flow. River water was continuously pumped through the incubation chambers (external flow). Magnetic valves alternately shifted the inlet and outlet water through a registration chamber equipped with an oxygen probe and a temperature transducer (A/D 540, integrated circuit). The potential was amplified and registered every minute on a tape recorder. The rate of exchange of oxygen in the chambers was described by the following equation: $${\text{r - exch(t) = }}\frac{{{\text{flow(t)}}}}{{{\text{volume}}}}{\text{[inlet(t) - outlet(t)] - }}\frac{{{\text{d[outlet(t)}}}}{{{\text{dt}}}}$$ Various methods for the numerical solution of the differential equation were used. Due to a small amount of ‘noise’ on the probes, the cubic spline method gave an unrealistically high variation in the oxygen uptake. A better description was obtained, when a Fourier transformation of the inlet and outlet concentrations of oxygen was made. When 15 Fourier coefficients were used, the r-value of the model was better than 0.996. On permanently dark sediment samples, a hysteresis effect between the oxygen exchange rate and the oxygen concentration and temperature appeared. The exchange rates were lower in periods with increasing oxygen concentration. A minimum in the exchange rate was obtained, before the minimum in the concentration of oxygen and temperature was found. This type of hysteresis could be explained by equilibration in connection with the transient state conditions. The hysteresis was probably enlarged by shifts in the size of the aerobic layer in the sediment. The importance of the hysteresis in oxygen balance models for rivers is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391935
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulative phases for heavy metals in limnic sediments (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 269-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: heavy metals ; sediment ; concentrates ; extraction ; availability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Data from mechanical concentrates of recent sediments indicate that clay minerals, clay-rich aggregates and heavy minerals are the major carriers of heavy metals in detrital sediment fractions. Hydrous Fe/Mn oxides and carbonates and sulfides, in their specific environments, are the predominant accumulative phases for heavy metals in autochthonous fractions. Sequential chemical extraction techniques permit the estimation of characteristic heavy metal bonding forms: exchangeable metal cations, easily reducible, moderately reducible, organic and residual metal fractions, whereby both diagenetic processes and the potential availability of toxic compounds can be studied. The data from lakes affected by acid precipitation indicate that zinc, cobalt and nickel are mainly released from the easily reducible sediment fractions and cadmium from organic phases. In contrast at pH 4.4, neither lead nor copper seem to be remobilized to any significant extent. Immobilization by carbonate precipitation seems to provide an effective mechanism for the reduction of dissolved inputs 9f metals such as zinc and cadmium in pH-buffered, hard water systems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391944
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different patterns of phosphorus release from lake sediments in laboratory experiments (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 415-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphorus release ; sediment ; nitrate ; redox-potential ; sorption ; fractionation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phosphorus release from surface sediments of eight lakes, mainly shallow lakes in agricultural areas, was studied in laboratory batch experiments with additions of acetate and/ or nitrate. The lake sediments could be separated into three categories. Some sediments did not release phosphorus under any conditions. The second category showed a high phosphorus release rate when acetate was added, in order to stimulate bacterial activity and oxygen consumption. The addition of nitrate, only, stabilized the redox conditions and prevented phosphorus release. This pattern followed the classical theories of Einsele and Mortimer. The third sediment category released phosphorus up to some level which remained constant throughout the experiment, and was independent of acetate and/or nitrate additions. Several extraction procedures and adsorption-desorption experiments were performed in order to characterize the sediment phosphorus and thus explain the different behaviours of the three sediment categories.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940131
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    Structural and functional characteristics of epiphyton and epipelon in relation to their distribution in Lake Vechten (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 95 (1982), S. 79-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: periphyton ; submerged macrophytes ; sediment ; artificial substrates ; oxygen exchange ; production ; decomposition ; sedimentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Epiphyton and epipelon were quantitatively collected, respectively, from the submerged macrophytes and the sandy lake bottom of Lake Vechten (The Netherlands). On a weight basis, epiphyton was maximal in autumn and epipelon in summer. In winter the chemical composition of epiphyton and epipelon was similar. In summer the epiphyton had on a unit weight basis more organic matter and carbonate, and had per unit organic matter a higher algal number, nitrogen and energy content than the epipelon. Algae predominating the epiphyton were filamentous greens and pennate diatoms; those in the epipelon were pennate diatoms and blue-green algae. In both cases, species known to frequent the phytoplankton were abundant. The diatoms were quantified using paper chromatographic pigment analyses. Both the epiphyton and the epipelon exhibited maximal photosynthesis in mid summer. That light was generally the limiting factor was evident from periphyton developed on artificial substrates. This periphyton differed widely in its composition from that on the natural substrates, mainly because the latter collected much more sedimenting matter. In dense Ceratophyllum stands light was severely attenuated and the significant gradients in oxygen and pH were caused by the differences with depth in the proportions of photosynthesis and respiration. The oxygen content and pH at the bottom decreased owing to epipelic respiration. The epiphytic composition depended greatly on the degree of light attenuation. The epiphytic and epipelic respiration, except during part of the early summer, exceeded photosynthesis on a 24 h basis; this included the macrophytic photosynthesis during the time the vegetation was maximally developed. During the growing season import of organic matter, i.e. deposited seston, greatly exceeded that due to the photosynthetic production. After the summer maximum, the epipelon decreased faster than predicted from its oxygen exchange. It was concluded that sedimentation and resuspension determined mainly the changes in epiphyton and epipelon. Especially when covered with vegetation, the lower littoral of Lake Vechten plays a large part in the aerobic decomposition of sestonic organic matter.
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of tight junctions between uterine luminal epithelial cells at different stages of pregnancy in the rat (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 281-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Uterus ; Epithelial cells ; Tight junctions ; Pregnancy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of tight junctions between uterine luminal epithelial cells of the pregnant rat was studied by the freeze-fracture technique. On day 5 of pregnancy, the day of implantation, the region of tight junctions extended three times as far down the lateral cell membrane as on day 1 of pregnancy, and the strands of the complex interlinked more frequently. These observations suggest that tight junctions on day 5 may be more efficient in preserving the contents of the uterine lumen from dilution or escape than at earlier times of pregnancy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01258489
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  • 33
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    Sensitivity to carcinogenesis in nude mice: skin tumors caused by transplacental exposure to ethylnitrosourea (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Female athymic nude mice and their phenotypically normal littermates were exposed transplacentally to ethylnitrosourea. Skin tumors (papillomas and sebaceous adenomas) developed on the nude mice with an almost tenfold greater incidence than on their haired littermates. Skin tumors were also induced on nude mice but not haired controls by direct intraperitoneal treatment with ethylnitrosourea. These results indicate that nude mice have higher than normal susceptibility to carcinogenesis under some circumstances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, L M -- Last-Barney, K -- Budinger, J M -- CA 08748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 22498/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):682-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoma/chemically induced ; Animals ; *Ethylnitrosourea ; Female ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Mice, Nude/*physiology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; *Nitrosourea Compounds ; Pregnancy ; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Skin Neoplasms/*chemically induced
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Prenatal and neonatal exposure to cimetidine results in gonadal and sexual dysfunction in adult males (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Exposure of rats to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period results in hypoandrogenization in adult life with decreased weights of androgen-dependent tissues and decreased concentrations of testosterone. Moreover, sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anand, S -- Van Thiel, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Cimetidine/metabolism/*toxicity ; Female ; Guanidines/*toxicity ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects ; Rats ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Reversal of morphine disruption of maternal behavior by concurrent treatment with the opiate antagonist naloxone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Rats whose pregnancies were surgically terminated on day 17 of gestation were injected with morphine, morphine plus naloxone hydrochloride, or saline, and then tested for maternal responsiveness toward foster young. Morphine treatment alone significantly disrupted the rate of onset and quality of maternal responsiveness. Concurrent administration of naloxone to morphine-injected rats reinstated the rapid onset of behavioral responsiveness toward foster young, such that the responsiveness of the rats treated with both morphine and naloxone was indistinguishable from that shown by saline-injected controls. The disruptive effects of morphine did not appear to result from a general reduction in activity levels as measured in an open-field apparatus. These findings suggest that the normal onset and maintenance of maternal behavior in the rat may be regulated by endogenous opiates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bridges, R S -- Grimm, C T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):166-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Female ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Development of mouse embryos in vitro: preimplantation to the limb bud stage (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Mouse embryos were grown successfully in vitro from the blastocyst stage to the limb bud stage. Mouse blastocysts grown in vitro for 10 days showed blood circulation in the yilk sac, forelimb buds, and the primordia of liver, pancreas, and lungs. These characteristics are indicative of a developmental stage equivalent to one-half of the total gestation period in utero. Improvements in culture conditions from days 7 to 9 have made it feasible to culture mouse blastocysts beyond the early somite stage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, L T -- Hsu, Y C -- AM 19535/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 28550/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):66-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Humans ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Yolk Sac/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 37
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    Serum from monkeys with histories of fetal wastage causes abnormalities in cultured rat embryos (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klein, N W -- Plenefisch, J D -- Carey, S W -- Fredrickson, W T -- Sackett, G P -- Burbacher, T M -- Parker, R M -- HD02774/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD08633/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR00166/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):66-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Veterinary/*blood ; Animals ; Congenital Abnormalities/*etiology ; Ectogenesis ; Female ; Macaca nemestrina/blood ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 38
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    Suppression of ovulation in the rat by an orally active antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: A synthetic antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone blocked ovulation in rats in a dose-dependent manner when given by gavage on the afternoon of proestrus. Ovulation was delayed for at least 1 day in all animals given 2 milligrams of antogonist and in some of the animals treated with 1 or 0.5 milligram. Oral administration of 2 milligrams also blocked the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone. This demonstration that antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone can have oral antiovulatory activity clearly enhances their therapeutic potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nekola, M B -- Horvath, A -- Ge, L J -- Coy, D H -- Schally, A V -- HD-0-2831/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):160-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone/secretion ; Ovulation/*drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Pregnancy suppression by active immunization against gestation-specific riboflavin carrier protein (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: A riboflavin carrier protein isolated from chickens cross-reacts with a gestation-specific rodent carrier for riboflavin. Active immunization of female rats of proved fertility with the purified chicken carrier protein completely yet reversibly suppressed early pregnancy without impairing implantation per se. Concurrently there were no discernible adverse effects on maternal health in terms of weight gain, vitamin status, and fertility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murty, C V -- Adiga, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):191-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Carrier Proteins/*immunology ; Female ; Fetal Resorption/immunology ; Flavins/blood ; Glutathione Reductase/blood ; Immunization ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats
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  • 40
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    Maternal ethanol exposure induces transient impairment of umbilical circulation and fetal hypoxia in monkeys (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: When ethanol was administered intravenously to pregnant monkeys, a transient but marked collapse of umbilical vasculature was observed uniformly within about 15 minutes. The ethanol-induced impairment of umbilical circulation produced severe hypoxia and acidosis in the fetus; recovery occurred during the succeeding hour. This striking interruption of feto-placental circulation may explain one of the mechanisms of mental retardation, a frequent manifestation in children afflicted with fetal alcohol syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mukherjee, A B -- Hodgen, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):700-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6890235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaldehyde/blood ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ethanol/blood/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*etiology ; Fetal Distress/*chemically induced ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Umbilical Cord/*drug effects
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  • 41
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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  • 42
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    Influence of female hormonal state on rhesus sexual behavior varies with space for social interaction (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: The sexual behavior of rhesus monkeys in 15 male-female pairings was observed in both a large and a small area during the follicular and luteal phases of the female's cycle. Males ejaculated in all tests at the follicular phase of the female's cycle and in 53 percent of tests at the luteal phase. However, a significant decline in ejaculation during tests at the luteal phase occurred in the large, but not in the small area. Thus the degree to which the pair's sexual behavior was influenced by the female's hormonal state depended on the spatial conditions of the test.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallen, K -- MH35835/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RR-00165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):375-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201164" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation ; Ejaculation ; *Estrus ; Female ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Social Behavior ; *Spatial Behavior
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    Human fetal movement: spontaneous oscillations near one cycle per minute (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in human fetal movement revealed strong oscillations at frequencies between 0.24 and 0.90 cycle per minute, which are much higher than those of the cyclic alternation of quiet and active states in the fetus and neonate. Oscillations at frequencies up to 2.88 cycles per minute were also detected, but they were usually much weaker. The prominent peaks in the fetal movement spectra are in the frequency range of recently reported neonatal motor rhythms, and indicate the existence of a cyclic process controlling spontaneous motor output that oscillates near one cycle per minute and begins to function in utero.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robertson, S S -- Dierker, L J -- Sorokin, Y -- Rosen, M G -- M01RR00210/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50HD11089/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; *Movement ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Spectrum Analysis/methods ; Time Factors
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  • 44
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    Congenital malformations induced by laetrile (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: Laetrile administered orally ot pregnant hamsters caused skeletal malformations in the offspring, but intravenous laetrile filed to result in embryopathic effects. Oral laetrile significantly increased in situ cyanide concentrations, while intravenous laetrile did not. Thiosulfate administration protected embryos from the teratogenic effects of oral laetrile. The embryopathic effects of oral laetrile appear to be due to cyanide released by bacterial beta-glucosidase activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willhite, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1513-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063858" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Administration, Oral ; Amygdalin/administration & dosage/metabolism/*toxicity ; Animals ; Cricetinae ; Female ; Injections, Intravenous ; Pregnancy
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    Malnutrition and fertility (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frisch, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1272-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7199206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; *Lactation ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy
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  • 46
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    Oxytocin receptors and human parturition: a dual role for oxytocin in the initiation of labor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: The concentration of oxytocin receptors increased in the myometrium of pregnant women and reached maximum levels in early labor. Concentrations of oxytocin receptors were also high in the decidua and reached a maximum at parturition. In vitro, prostaglandin production by the decidua, but not by the myometrium, was increased by the addition of oxytocin. Oxytocin may therefore stimulate uterine contractions by acting both directly on the myometrium and indirectly on decidual prostaglandin production. Oxytocin receptors are probably crucial for the onset of human labor, and the stimulus for the increase in uterine prostaglandins may be oxytocin originating from the fetus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuchs, A R -- Fuchs, F -- Husslein, P -- Soloff, M S -- Fernstrom, M J -- HD8406/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1396-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Decidua/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; *Labor, Obstetric ; Myometrium/physiology ; Oxytocin/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; Prostaglandins E/biosynthesis ; Prostaglandins F/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; Uterus/*physiology
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    Alcohol and pregnancy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kline, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):564.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcoholic Beverages/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/*chemically induced
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  • 48
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    Estrogen receptors at implantation sites of rat endometrium (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Logeat, F -- Sartor, P -- Hai, M T -- Milgrom, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1134-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Embryo Implantation ; Endometrium/*metabolism ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism
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  • 49
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    Neonatal treatment with antiserum to prolactin lowers blood pressure in rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Prolactin administration reportedly increases blood pressure in rats and rabbits. To study the effects of prolactin deficiency on blood pressure, rats were given saline, normal rabbit serum, or rabbit antiserum to rat prolactin on postnatal days 2 to 5. Both males and females given antiserum had significantly lower blood pressure at 14 weeks than rats given saline or normal rabbit serum. Blood pressure differences between females given antiserum and females given saline disappeared during and following pregnancy. The antiserum also lowered the concentration of prolactin in plasma 49 percent in males and decreased the prolactin response to ether stress in both sexes. These results suggest that endogenous prolactin is involved in blood pressure regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mills, D E -- Buckman, M T -- Peake, G T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; *Blood Pressure ; Female ; Immune Sera/pharmacology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal ; Prolactin/blood/immunology/*physiology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sex Characteristics ; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
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  • 50
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    A monoclonal antibody that reacts with nonallelic enzyme glycoproteins (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: One of six monoclonal antibodies raised against purified human placental alkaline phosphatase cross-reacts with the adult and fetal forms of intestinal alkaline phosphatase. The placental and intestinal enzymes are nonallelic. A new electrophoretic titration procedure was used to assess the relative reactivities of the different enzymes with the antibody. The placental enzyme was the most reactive. However, the adult intestinal enzyme showed greater reactivity than the fetal enzyme. The determinants to which the antibody binds on these three forms of alkaline phosphatase presumably differ in their detailed molecular configurations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gogolin, K J -- Wray, L K -- Slaughter, C A -- Harris, H -- GM07511/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM20138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM27018/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6175022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase/genetics/*immunology ; Alleles ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes ; Female ; Glycoproteins/*immunology ; Humans ; Intestines/enzymology ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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    Oxygen delivery to the brain before and after birth (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: We studied the relationship between cerebral oxygen consumption and cerebral oxygen delivery (cerebral blood flow x arterial oxygen content) in fetal, newborn, and adult sheep, Relative to the amount of oxygen consumed, cerebral oxygen delivery in the fetus exceeds that in the lamb and adult by 70 percent. This may represent a protective advantage for the fetus or simply a necessary adaptation to the low arterial oxygen pressure in the intrauterine environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, M D Jr -- Rosenberg, A A -- Simmons, M A -- Molteni, R A -- Koehler, R C -- Traystman, R J -- HD-13830/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL-10342/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):324-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Brain/*blood supply/*embryology ; Carbon Dioxide/blood ; Female ; Oxygen/*blood ; Oxygen Consumption ; Pregnancy ; Sheep
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    FDA to reexamine bendectin data (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):335.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*epidemiology ; Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dicyclomine ; Doxylamine/*adverse effects ; Drug Combinations/adverse effects ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/chemically induced ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic/chemically induced ; Humans ; Macaca ; Pregnancy ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Pyridoxine/*adverse effects ; Rats ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Potassium iodide policy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):6, 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Female ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes/*adverse effects ; Nuclear Reactors ; Potassium Iodide/*therapeutic use ; Pregnancy ; Thyroid Gland/metabolism ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 54
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    Gestational zinc deprivation in mice: persistence of immunodeficiency for three generations (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Pregnant Swiss Webster mice were fed a diet moderately deficient in zinc from day 7 of gestation until parturition. Offspring of these mice showed depressed immune function through 6 months of age. In addition, the second and third filial generations, all of which were fed only the normal control diet, continued to manifest reduced immunocompetence, although not to the same degree as in the first generation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beach, R S -- Gershwin, M E -- Hurley, L S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):469-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123244" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Female ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunoglobulin M/analysis ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*embryology ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Time Factors ; Zinc/*deficiency
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    Legal abortion: the public health record (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: The increasing availability and utilization of legal abortion in the United States has several important effects on public health in the 1970's. It reduced deaths and surgical complications among women of childbearing age; it made possible the development of safer surgical procedures for pregnancy termination; and it increased the provision of low-cost outpatient gynecologic services. There is some concern about potential adverse outcomes in future desired pregnancies and possibly higher risks of breast cancer in certain women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cates, W Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1586-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Legal/adverse effects/methods/*utilization ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Professional Misconduct ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; the increased availability and utilization of abortion. The legalization of ; abortion has led to a decrease in deaths and surgical complications among women ; of childbearing age, the development of safer procedures for pregnancy ; termination, and the provision of low-cost outpatient services. Adverse outcomes ; in future pregnancies and an increase in breast cancer risk are two of the ; possible negative results of the increased abortion rate. Three graphs and a ; statistical table illustrate the article.
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    Obesity and adipocyte abnormalities in offspring of rats undernourished during pregnancy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: Pregnant rats underfed in the first 2 weeks of gestation had offspring with normal body weight at birth and weaning. However, starting at about 5 weeks of age the male offspring became hyperphagic and gained more weight than the controls. The female offspring did not overeat and did not become obese. Both male and female progeny showed increased fat cell size as adults. In males the epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pads were significantly enlarged nd adipocytes in these pads were hypertrophied. In females and fat pads were not enlarged, but adipocytes in the parametrial pads were hypertrophied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, A P -- Friedman, M I -- AM-20022/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- RR 07048/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1518-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/*cytology ; Animals ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Nutrition Disorders/*complications ; Obesity/*etiology ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Rats ; Sex Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 57
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    Prenatal exposure to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether destroys the rodent Harderian gland (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: Exposure of mice to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether during gestation produces abnormalities that are not readily apparent at birth but become obvious as the pups mature. By 2 weeks after birth there are severe intraorbital defects resulting from destruction of the Harderian glands behind the eyes. This effect is noticeable only postnatally because the Harderian gland does not grow or function until after birth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gray, L E Jr -- Kavlock, R J -- Chernoff, N -- Ferrell, J -- McLamb, J -- Ostby, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):293-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*pathology ; Animals ; Female ; Harderian Gland/abnormalities/*drug effects ; Lacrimal Apparatus/*drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Phenyl Ethers/*toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Thyroxine/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 58
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    Prenatal exposure to phenobarbital permanently decreases testosterone and causes reproductive dysfunction (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Exposure of rats to phenobarbital during late prenatal development decreased the concentration of testosterone in plasma and the brain during the late fetal, early postnatal, pubertal, and adult periods, By decreasing the production of testosterone in the brain during the period of sexual differentiation, phenobarbital may lead to sexual dysfunction in later life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, C -- Yaffe, S J -- Shapiro, B H -- GM-26222/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD -10063/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T-32GM07514/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):640-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/embryology ; Female ; Infertility, Male/*chemically induced ; Male ; Phenobarbital/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects ; Rats ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Testis/metabolism ; Testosterone/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 59
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    Controlled photoperiodic environments for food animals (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tucker, H A -- Ringer, R K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1381-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Husbandry/*methods ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic/*physiology ; Breeding ; Cattle ; Chickens/physiology ; Eggs ; Estrus/radiation effects ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*radiation effects ; *Light ; Male ; Milk ; Ovulation/radiation effects ; *Periodicity ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction/radiation effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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