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  • 2015-2019  (19,597)
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  • 2017  (10,882)
  • 1982  (121)
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  • 2015-2019  (19,597)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (121)
  • 1975-1979
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  • 1
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    The KTH geoid based on Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections for the Colorado Experiment: ColLSMSA-KTH2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColLSMSA-KTH2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the University of Gävle, the Lantmäteriet and the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The model has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The quasi-geoid is computed using a two-step procedure. First, the terrestrial and de-biased airborne gravity anomalies are gridded using a Remove-Compute-Restore technique and three-dimensional Least Squares Collocation (LSC) with spherical Tscherning and Rapp (1974) type of covariance functions. This step achieves downward continuation of the airborne gravity data and combination with the terrestrial observations. In the second step, the resulting surface gravity anomaly grid is used to compute height anomalies by using Least Squares Modification of Stokes’ formula with Additive corrections (LSMSA or KTH method). The GEOID17RefB global gravity model up to degree 2190 is used in the first gridding step, while the satellite-only GOCO05S model up to degree 240 is used in the second step. Finally, the classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) is used for quasi-geoid to geoid conversion. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.7 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 2
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    The KTH quasi-geoid based on Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections for the Colorado Experiment: ColLSMSA-KTH2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColLSMSA-KTH2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the University of Gävle, the Lantmäteriet and the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The model has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The quasi-geoid is computed using a two-step procedure. First, the terrestrial and de-biased airborne gravity anomalies are gridded using a Remove-Compute-Restore technique and three-dimensional Least Squares Collocation (LSC) with spherical Tscherning and Rapp (1974) type of covariance functions. This step achieves downward continuation of the airborne gravity data and combination with the terrestrial observations. In the second step, the resulting surface gravity anomaly grid is used to compute height anomalies by using Least Squares Modification of Stokes’ formula with Additive corrections (LSMSA or KTH method). The GEOID17RefB global gravity model up to degree 2190 is used in the first gridding step, while the satellite-only GOCO05S model up to degree 240 is used in the second step. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.8 cm. The quasi-geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 3
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    Global HAPPI-MIP protocol data based on ECHAM6.3 (Flawed) (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-13
    Description: Please note that data representing a warmer future climate are flawed by the use of incorrect sea ice coverage data. All data of the 1.5°C and the 2.0°C experiment of this CERA experiment have been replaced by and all data of the current decade and the 57-year-long AMIP experiment have been copied to http://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Compact.jsp?acronym=HAPPI-global-ECHAM6.3_v2. For detailed information refer to that experiment. Global HAPPI-MIP protocol data based on the ECHAM6.3 AGCM developed by the MPI-M (Max Planck Institute for Meteorology). This CERA experiment includes data of five AMIP simulations of the period 1959-2015 and 100 AMIP simulations of 2006-2015. In addition it includes data of 100 AMIP-like simulations of 2106-2115 representing a climate warmer by 1.5°C than under pre-industrial conditions (1861-1880) and 100 AMIP-like simulations of 2106-2115 representing a climate warmer by 2.0°C than under pre-industrial conditions.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 4
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    A data collection of tropical cyclone exposure data sets (TCE-DAT) (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-18
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Tropical cyclones (TCs) pose a major risk to societies worldwide. While data on observed cyclones tracks (location of the center) and wind speeds is publicly available these data sets do not contain information on the spatial extent of the storm and people or assets exposed. Here, we provide a collection of tropical cyclone exposure data (TCE-DAT) derived with the help of spatially-explicit data on population densities and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), also available at http://doi.org/10.5880/pik.2017.007. Up to now, this collection contains:1) A global data set of tropical cyclone exposure accumulated to the country/event level http://doi.org/10.5880/pik.2017.0052) A global data set of spatially-explicit tropical cyclone exposure available for all TC events since 1950 http://doi.org/10.5880/pik.2017.008TCE-DAT is considered key information to 1) assess the contribution of climatological versus socioeconomic drivers of changes in exposure to tropical cyclones, 2) estimate changes in vulnerability from the difference in exposure and reported damages and calibrate associated damage functions, and 3) build improved exposure-based predictors to estimate higher-level societal impacts such as long-term effects on GDP, employment, or migration. We expect that the free availability of the underlying model and TCE-DAT will make research on tropical cyclone risks more accessible to non-experts and stakeholders.
    Keywords: climate risk modeling ; socio-economic exposure ; natural disasters
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 127250 Bytes
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  • 5
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    Datensatz zu: Open Access an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse einer Erhebung im Jahr 2018 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: These data are supplementary material to Pampel (2019) and present the results of a quantitative survey on Open Access among scientific institutions in Germany. Both the report and the data are available in German only. 701 German universities and research institutions were invited to take part in this survey. From September to November 2018, 403 academic institutions took part. Hence, it is the most comprehensive survey on Open Access practices to this day.The results provide an overview of the current state of policies on Open Access and of the status of Open Access infrastructures in Germany. In addition, the results enable a better understanding of today’s handling and monitoring of Open Access publication costs. Furthermore, the study describes the status of Open Access monitoring and reports on current transformation strategies to promote Open Access. The project was founded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the Project „Options4OA” and conducted by Heinz Pampel of the Helmholtz Open Science Coordination Office.The project was founded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the Project „Options4OA” and conducted by Heinz Pampel of the Helmholtz Open Science Coordination Office.Version history/ Corrigendum(5 Sep 2019) In version 1.0, incorrect percentages were given for questions for which multiple answers were possible. This error was corrected in version 2.0. The following questions were affected: 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 24, 26, 29, 31, 34 and 38.
    Keywords: Scholarly Communication ; Open Access ; Repositories ; Academic Libraries ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 EDUCATION/OUTREACH ; policy 〉 scientific policy
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 6
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    Supplementary Data to: “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand" (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: These data are supplementary material to “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand” (Toy et al., 2017, http://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2017.1375533). The data tables SF3 and SF4 are provided as well as Excel as well as CSV and PDF versions (in the zip folder). The table numbers below are referring to Toy et al. (2017): Toy_SF1.pdf (Data Description): Supplementary Data to “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand”, including supplementary methods, Information on reference frames and corrections, and protocols for thin section preparation and scanning electron microscopic analyses. Toy_SF2: Table S1. Time vs. depth during drilling, with lag dip corrections Toy_SF3: Table S2. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data acquired using a TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA) and phases detected by mineral liberation analysis (MLA) Toy_SF4: Table S3. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) grain sizes.
    Keywords: Alpine Fault ; New Zealand ; scientific drilling ; mylonite ; cataclasite ; energy dispersive spectroscopy ; TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer ; mineral liberation analysis ; electron backscatter diffraction
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3035691 Bytes
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  • 7
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    Survey Mode GPS data in the IPOC Region, Central Andes, Chile (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The survey-mode GPS (sGPS) network in the IPOC region consists of 91 geodetic markers. Over the last decade, the positions of these points in the network have been periodically measured, thus enabling us to quantify the decadal patterns of deformation processes. This temporal catalogue of coordinates complement the continuous GPS (cGPS) array. Meta-data and raw data in Rinex format for the surveys carried out in 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 are available for 91 sites in the north of Chile and the northwest of Argentina. Included in this temporal catalogue are observations made shortly after the 2014 Pisagua-Iquique earthquake. Detailed information about data availability, metadata and site descriptions can be found at: https://kg189/gnss/IPOCSGPS. More description about the Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile (IPOC) can be found at the IPOC Website (www.ipoc-network.org) and on the sGPS Survey on www.ipoc-network.org/associated-projects/gps-campaigns/.
    Keywords: GPS ; Chile ; earthquakes ; subduction zone ; active deformation ; monitoring ; IPOC ; Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset
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  • 8
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    The experimental gravity field model XGM2016 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The experimental gravity field model XGM2016 is an outcome of TUM's assessment of a 15'x15' data grid excerpt provided from NGA's updated and revised gravity data base. The assessment shall support NGA's efforts on the way on the way to the Earth Gravity Model EGM2020.
    Description: Other
    Description: XGM2016 is a combination model based on the satellite-only gravity field model GOCO05s and a global 15'x15' data grid provided from NGA's data base.
    Keywords: ICGEM ; global gravitational model ; GOCO ; Geodesy ; GOCE
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 9
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    The experimental gravity field model XGM2019e (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: XGM2019e is a combined global gravity field model represented through spheroidal harmonics up to d/o 5399, corresponding to a spatial resolution of 2’ (~4 km). As data sources it includes the satellite model GOCO06s in the longer wavelength area combined with terrestrial measurements for the shorter wavelengths. The terrestrial data itself consists over land and ocean of gravity anomalies provided by courtesy of NGA (identical to XGM2016, having a resolution of 15’) augmented with topographically derived gravity over land (EARTH2014). Over the oceans, gravity anomalies derived from satellite altimetry are used (DTU13, in consistency with the NGA dataset).The combination of the satellite data with the terrestrial observations is performed by using full normal equations up to d/o 719 (15’). Beyond d/o 719, a block-diagonal least-squares solution is calculated for the high-resolution terrestrial data (from topography and altimetry). All calculations are performed in the spheroidal harmonic domain.In the spectral band up to d/o 719 the new model shows over land a slightly improved behavior over preceding models such as XGM2016, EIGEN6c4 or EGM2008 when comparing it to independent GPS leveling data. Over land and in the spectral range above d/o 719 the accuracy of XGM2019e suffers from the sole use of topographic forward modelling; Hence, errors are increased in well-surveyed areas compared to models containing real gravity data, e.g. EIGEN6c4 or EGM2008. However, the performance of XGM2019e can be considered as globally more homogeneous and independent from existing high resolution global models. Over the oceans the model exhibits an improved performance throughout the complete spectrum (equal or better than preceding models).
    Keywords: geodesy ; global gravity field model ; ICGEM ; GOCO ; GOCE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 6 Files
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  • 10
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    The polar extended gravity field model TIM_R6e (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: TIM_R6e is an extended version of the satellity-only global gravity field model TIM_R6 (Brockmann et al., 2019) which includes additional terrestrial gravity field observations over GOCE's polar gap areas. The included terrestrial information consists of the PolarGap campaign data (Forsberg et al., 2017) augumented by the AntGG gravity data compilation (Scheinert et al., 2016) over the southern polar gap (〉83°S) and the ArcGP data (Forsberg et al. 2007) over the northern polar gap (〉83°N). The combination is performed on normal equation level, encompassing the terrestrial data as spectrally limited geographic 0.5°x0.5° grids over the polar gaps.
    Description: TechnicalInfo
    Description: Processing procedures: (extending TIM_R6)Gravity from orbits (SST): (identical to TIM_R6)- short-arc integral method applied to kinematic orbits, up to degree/order 150- orbit variance information included as part of the stochastic model, it is refined by empirical covariance functionsGravity from gradients (SGG): (identical to TIM_R6)- parameterization up to degree/order 300- observations used: Vxx, Vyy, Vzz and Vxz in the Gradiometer Reference Frame (GRF)- realistic stochastic modelling by applying digital decorrelation filters to the observation equations; estimated separately for individual data segments applying a robust procedureGravity from terrestrial observations (TER):- collocation of the original terrestrial data sources onto 30'x30' geographic gravity disturbance grids (in the polar gap areas above 83° southern/northern latitude, thus forming a pair of polar caps)- spectral limitation of the data to D/O 300 within the collocation process- the chosen grid is fully compatible with the grid of the zero observation constraints of the original TIM_R6 model. In its function it replaces the original constraints- from the collocated polar caps, a partial normal equation system, up to D/O 300 is derivedCombined solution:- addition of normal equations (SST D/O 150, SGG D/O 300, TER D/O 300)- Constraints: * Kaula-regularization applied to coefficients of degrees/orders 201 - 300 (constrained towards zero, fully compatible with TIM_R6)- weighting of SST and SGG is identical to TIM_R6. All TER observations are weighted with 5 mGal.Specific features of resulting gravity field:- Gravity field solution is (mostly) independent of any other gravity field information (outside the polar gap region)- Constraint towards zero starting from degree/order 201 to improve signal-to-noise ratio- Related variance-covariance information represents very well the true errors of the coefficients (outside the polar gap region)- Solution can be used for independent comparison and combination on normal equation level with other satellite-only models (e.g. GRACE), terrestrial gravity data, and altimetry (outside the polar gap region)- Since in the low degrees the solution is based solely on GOCE orbits, it is not competitive with a GRACE model in this spectral region (outside the polar gap region)- In comparison to TIM_R6, TIM_R6e should deliver more accurate results, especially towards the polar gaps. However, as it uses additional data sources it cannot be seen as totally independent anymore: even outside the polar gap regions correlations (introduced by the holistic nature of spherical harmonics) may be found.
    Keywords: global gravitational model ; ICGEM ; GOCE ; PolarGap ; geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
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  • 11
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    The satellite-only gravity field model GOCO06s (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: GOCO06s is a satellite-only, global gravity field model up to degree and order 300, with secular and annual variations up to degree and order 120. It was produced by the GOCO Team (Technical University of Munich, University of Bonn, Graz University of Technology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, University of Bern) and is based on 1,160,000,000 observations from 19 satellites. The contributing satellite mission are: GOCE (TIM6 gradiometer observations), GRACE (ITSG-Grace2018s), kinematic orbits from Swarm A+B+C, TerraSAR-X, TanDEM-X, CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE, and SLR observations to LAGEOS, LAGEOS 2, Starlette, Stella, AJISAI, LARES, LARETS, Etalon 1/2 and BLITS. The combination of the individual data sources is performed on the basis of the full systems of normal equations, where the relative weighting between each constituent is determined by variance component estimation. In order to account for the polar gap of GOCE, the solution is Kaula-regularized after degree and order 150.The model is available via the ICGEM Service (Ince et al., 2019)
    Description: TechnicalInfo
    Description: PARAMETERS:modelname GOCO06sproduct_type gravity_fieldearth_gravity_constant 3.9860044150e+14radius 6.3781363000e+06max_degree 300norm fully_normalizedtide_system zero_tideerrors formal
    Keywords: ICGEM ; global gravitational model ; GOCO ; GOCE ; GRACE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 12
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    BNSClim hydrographic part (Version 1.1) (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: This is version v1.1 of the hydrographic part of the "Baltic and North Sea Climatology (BNSC)". It turned out that the original hydrographic data product of the BNSC (BNSClim hydrographic part (Version 1.0)) was erroneous. The errors occurred by accidentally reading obsolete files in two of the intermediate steps of the production procedure. By this, the basis of observations was altered. This happened after the quality control and interpolation of the observations on standard depths, in the step where the observations are sorted into the chosen grid (this affects temperature and salinity) and in the following step, the correction of the temporal sampling error (this affects only salinity). These errors were corrected in this Version 1.1. The parameters provided are water temperature and salinity on 105 depth levels. The data product comprises the time period from 1873-2015 and is based on more than one million observational profiles, which were obtained from several different data sources in the region of the Baltic, the North Sea and adjacent areas of the North Atlantic Ocean (15°W-30°E, 47°N-66°N). Intersection of observational data from different data sources is avoided and the in situ data were objected to an elaborate automatic quality control to identify erroneous observations that would bias the data product. Additionally, a correction of the temporal sampling error was applied to minimize the impact of the temporal distribution of the observations on the created temporal mean fields. The data product consists of gridded mean fields of water temperature and salinity. The spatial resolution is 0.25° in meridional and zonal direction. The depth levels are irregularly distributed: for the depth interval from 0 to 50m the distance between the single depth levels is 5m. Below 50m, the distance increases progressively by 1m to the last depth level of 4985m. The dimensions of the data product are 180*76*105 (longitude, latitude, depth). The BNSC climatology consists, on the one hand, of time series of monthly and annual mean values of the hydrographic parameters as fields of box averages. Grid boxes that show no observations are left empty. Based on these time series, decadal monthly mean fields are created for the decades 1956-1965, 1966-1975, 1976-1985, 1986-1995, 1996-2005, 2006-2015 as another part of the data product. Again, gaps remain in observational data-void regions. The third part of the data product results from above mentioned decadal mean fields: horizontally interpolated fields by application of the method of objective analysis. Consequently, this subset does not contain gaps. Available parameters: box averages: monthly and annual mean, resp. standard deviation, number of observations decadal box averages: decadal monthly mean, resp. standard deviation, mean year, standard deviation to mean year, number of years decadal interpolated mean: interpolated monthly mean, absolute median deviation, number of bins, first guess, relative interpolation error, mean year, mean distance The products and a description of the differences between v1.0 and v1.1 are publicly available at the ICDC portal ( https://icdc.cen.uni-hamburg.de/1/daten/ocean/bnsc/)
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  • 13
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    Mineral spectra and chemistry of 37 copper bearing surface samples from Apliki copper-gold-pyrite mine in the Republic of Cyprus (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 37 different surface materials from the copper-gold-pyrite mine Apliki in the Republic of Cyprus and their corresponding hyperspectral spectra. The field samples were sampled in March 2018 in cooperation of the Cyprus Geological Survey Department of the Republic of Cyprus (GSD) and the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). The hyperspectral data was acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 400 – 2500nm and is presented in a spectral library. Detailed information about the mineral specimen, sample area and geochemistry is presented in the data sheets. The spectral library presented here is part of a bigger collection of spectral libraries including samples from rare-earth minerals, rare-earth-oxides (Koerting et al., 2019a, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.004) and copper-bearing minerals (Koellner et al., 2019, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003).
    Keywords: copper mining ; mine surface weathering ; hyperspectral ; spectral library ; copper mineral ; geochemical analyses ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 MINERALS 〉 MINERAL PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 〉 CHEMICAL WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 METALS 〉 METALS PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Spectrometers/Radiometers 〉 Imaging Spectrometers/Radiometers
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 14
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    Supplementary material for analogue experiments on the impact of the lithosphere on dynamic topography (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We present videos and figures from 22 scaled analogue models used to investigate the interactions between a density anomaly rising in the mantle and the lithosphere in a Newtonian system.The experimental setup consists of a two layers viscous lithosphere-upper mantle system obtained by using silicone putty-glucose syrup in a tank sized 40 cm × 40 cm× 50 cm. Glucose syrup (i.e., mantle) is a Newtonian, low viscosity, high-density fluid while silicone putty (i.e., lithosphere) is a visco-elastic material that behaves in a quasi-Newtonian fashion. The mantle upwelling (i.e., plume head) is produced by a high viscosity, low-density silicone sphere with a constant radius (15 mm) rising through the mantle at an average rise velocity of ~2.6 mm/s. A side-view camera images the ascending path of the sphere, allowing to track the sphere location and compute its velocity. A top-view, 3-D scanner records the evolution of topography from which the lithospheric uplift rate is inferred. All details about the model set-up, modeling results and interpretation are detailed in Sembroni et al. (2017).The additional material presented in this publication includes 2 tables, 5 figures, and 23 time-lapse movie. The rheological properties of materials used in each model are listed in Table 1.Table 2 is an excel file where the raw data of the models are specified (i.e., bulge width, topography, and uplift rate). Such data have been obtained by the 3-D scanner and then processed by a MATLAB code.Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5 represent the 2-D topography evolution of the bulge in each experiment. Images have been grouped by considering the different experimental setups (i.e., homogeneous continental lithosphere - Figure 1, homogeneous oceanic lithosphere - Figure 2, low viscous decoupling layer - Figure 3, intermediate viscous decoupling layer - Figure 4, high viscous decoupling layer - Figure 5). Such figures consist of topographic profiles extracted from the surface obtained by the 3-D scanner in four different time steps (red numbers in the figures). 22 side-view videos (from Movie 1 to Movie 22) show the progress of the models from the releasing to the impingement of the sphere beneath the plate. The velocity of the video has been accelerated by a factor of 7.While, the first 22 movies show the evolution of the experiments, Movie 23 shows the mantle convective flow associated to the ascending path of the mantle upwelling. Such flow has been detected by tracking the bubbles inside the syrup. In this model, no lithosphere has been placed on top of the syrup.
    Keywords: Mantle Plume ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; analogue modelling results
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1594259 Bytes
    Format: 3 Files
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  • 15
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    Friction data of simulated fault gouges derived from the Groningen gas field (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We investigated the frictional properties of simulated fault gouges derived from the main lithologies present in the seismogenic Groningen gas field (NE Netherlands), employing in-situ P-T conditions and varying pore fluid salinity. Direct shear experiments were performed on gouges prepared from the Carboniferous Shale/Siltstone underburden, the Upper Rotliegend Slochteren Sandstone reservoir, the overlying Ten Boer Claystone, and the Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate caprock, at 100 ºC, 40 MPa effective normal stress, and sliding velocities of 0.1-10 µm/s. As pore fluids, we used pure water, 0.5-6.2 M NaCl solutions, and a 6.9 M mixed chloride brine mimicking the formation water. Our results show a mechanical stratigraphy, with a maximum friction coefficient (µ) of ~0.65 for the Basal Zechstein, a minimum of ~0.37 for the Ten Boer claystone, ~0.6 for the reservoir sandstone, ~0.5 for the Carboniferous, and µ-values between the end-members for mixed gouges. Pore fluid salinity had no effect on frictional strength. Most gouges showed velocity-strengthening behavior, with little effect of pore fluid salinity on (a-b). However, Basal Zechstein gouge showed velocity-weakening at low salinities and/or sliding velocities, as did 50:50 mixtures with sandstone gouges, tested with the 6.9 M reservoir brine. From a Rate-and-State-Friction viewpoint, our results imply that faults incorporating Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate material at the top of the reservoir are the most prone to accelerating slip, i.e. have the highest seismogenic potential. The results are equally relevant to other Dutch Rotliegend fields and to similar sequences globally. The data is provided in a .zip folder with 29 subfolders for 29 experiments/samples. Detailed information about the files in these subfolders as well as information on how the data is processed is given in the explanatory file Hunfeld-et-al-2017-Data-Description.pdf
    Keywords: Frictional properties ; Simulated fault gouge ; Groningen gas field ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 69191878 Bytes
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  • 16
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    Particle size distribution analyses of volcanic ash from Campi Flegrei (Italy) and Sakurajima (Japan) volcanoes (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication includes particle size distribution data of natural volcanic ash samples used as starting material for laboratory experiments simulating the aggregation/disaggregation of colliding volcanic ash particles. Full details of the experimental method can be found in Del Bello et. al. (2015) and in the data description file provided here.Here we report raw particle size distribution data obtained through separation analysis. Two types of volcanic ash were analysed: i) andesitic ash from the Sakurajima volcano (Japan), collected from July 2013 deposits (named Sak sample); ii) phonolitic ash collected from the basal fallout layer of the ~10 ka old Pomici Principali eruptive unit [Di Vito et al., 1999]) of the Campi Flegrei (named Ppa). For both compositions, 3 different starting materials were obtained by hand sieving the natural samples into three main particle size classes: (i) 〈32 μm, (ii) 32–63 μm, and (iii) 63–90 μm. For the phonolitic composition Ppa two additional starting materials were obtained by mixing the 〈32 μm and the 32–63 μm classes in known proportions. For each starting material, the grain size distribution of the sample was measured by a multiwavelength separation analyzer (LUMIReader®, https://www.lum-gmbh.com/lumireader_en.html). This device measures space and time resolved profiles of the transmitted light across the water-diluted sample (5% solid content) during sedimentation of particles. The cumulative volume-weighted particle size distribution is obtained from the extinction profiles using the multi-wavelength Particle size Analyser modulus (PSA). Details on the sample preparation procedure can be found in Detloff et al. (2006). For each measurement performed (see Table 1), a pdf file and a excel file are provided. The pdf file lists the analysis summary, including a description of the analysis settings and conditions, materials used, and distribution model adopted for the fit. It also provides graphs of the obtained volume weighted cumulative grain size distribution, and of the measured transmission profiles for each wavelength (870 nm, 630 nm and 470 nm, respectively). The Excel (*.xlsx format) file include 4 datasheets, listing the results (sheet name ending *_R) and the fit data (sheet names ending *_F01,*_F02, *_F03) obtained for the different instrument wavelength. In each datasheet the following data are listed in the columns: particle grain size (x3 in µm), volume weighted distribution (Q3(x) in %), Martin diameter (x3m in µm), volume weighted density distribution (q3(x) in 1/µm). The fit datasheets also include information on the fit such as distribution model used and distribution parameters (quantiles, median, standard deviation, span, etc..).A full list of the files included is given in List_of_files_DelBello et al 2017.pdf.
    Description: TableOfContents
    Description: Measurement name Sample typeSize class (µm)* Ppamag32_01Phonolite (Ppa)32-63 Ppamag32_03Phonolite (Ppa)32-63 Ppamag32_61Phonolite (Ppa)32-63Ppamag64_01Phonolite (Ppa)63-90Ppamin32_00Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 Ppamin32_02Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 Ppamin32_35Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 Ppamix32_02Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:1) Ppamix32_03Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:10)Ppamix32_04Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:5) Ppamix32_05Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:2) Ppamix32_06Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:1) Ppamix32_70Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:10) Ppamix32_71Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:5) Ppamix32_72Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:2) Ppamix32_73Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 32-63 (1:1) Ppamix63_02Phonolite (Ppa)〈32 + 63-90 (1:1) Ppatotal_01Phonolite (Ppa)total Sakmag32_02Andesite (Sak)32-63 Sakmag63_01Andesite (Sak)32-63 Sakmag90_01Andesite (Sak)63-90 Sakmin32_01Andesite (Sak)〈32 Sakmin32_02Andesite (Sak)〈32 Saktotal_01Andesite (Sak)totalTable 1. List of particle size characterization measurements included in this dataset. *When mixed sample are used, the respective weight proportion of the component classes used are reported in brackets.
    Keywords: multi-wavelength separation analyser ; grain size distribution ; phonolite ; andesite ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 19273360 Bytes
    Format: 3 Files
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  • 17
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    Dataset of Physical and Transport Property Variations Within the Carbonate-Bearing Fault Zones of the Monte Maggio Fault (Central Italy) (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Here we report the raw data of the physical properties of carbonate samples collected along the Monte Maggio normal Fault (MMF), a regional structure (length ~10 km and displacement ~500 m) located within the active system of the Apennines (Italy). In particular, we report results coming from large cores (100 mm in diameter and up to 20 cm long) drilled perpendicular to the fault plane made of Calcare Massiccio (massive limestone) and Bugarone fm (limestone with 8.3 % of clay). From these large cores, we obtained smaller cores, 38 mm in diameter both parallel and perpendicular to the fault plane, that have been used for experiments. We have divided the rock samples in four categories following the fault architecture. The four structural domains of the fault are:1) the hangingwall (HW) made of Bugarone fm that is still preserved in some portions of the fault, 2) a Cemented Cataclasite (CC) and 3) a Fault Breccia (FB) that characterize the cataclastic damage zones and 4) the correspondent undeformed protolith of the footwall block made of Calcare Massiccio. Raw data reported here are those used for drawing Figures 5, 6, 8 and 9 of the paper “Physical and transport property variations within carbonate- bearing fault zones: Insights from the Monte Maggio Fault (central Italy)”, http://doi.org/10.1002/ 2017GC007097 by Trippetta et al. Dataset_Fig05.txt reports P- and S-wave velocities (in km/s) of the described samples at pressure from 0.1 MPa (ambient pressure) up to 100 MPa at ambient temperature in dry conditions and the corresponding Vp/Vs ratio. Experiments have been performed by using the permeameter at the HP-HT Laboratory of experimental Volcanology and Geophysics at INGV (Rome).Dataset_Fig06.txt reports permeability data (in m^2) on the same type of samples of fig05 for the same range of confining pressure at ambient temperature. Pore pressure values athletes each confining pressure step are indicated in the file. Data have been again acquired with the permeameter.Dataset_Fig08.txt reports P-wave velocity data (in km/s) vs depth (in m), recorded on the portion that crossed the Calare Massiccio fm of three boreholes drilled in the Apennines: Varoni 1, Monte Civitello 1 and Daniel1. Data have been obtained by digitalizing each pdf file of the boreholes mentioned above, that are available at http://unmig.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/videpi/videpi.asp. Once digitalized, respect to the original pdf file, velocity data have been simply converted from um/f to km/s.Dataset_Fig09.txt reports values of the maximum, minimum and average values of Critical fault nucleation length (in m) at each corresponding depth (in m) and applied confining pressure (in MPa). Critical nucleation lengths have been calculated by using the equations described in the text of the Trippetta et al paper and by using the elastic parameters calculated from data reported here. Data on earthquakes-depth distribution of the 2009 L'Aquila sequence can be found on Chiaraluce et al. (2011).
    Keywords: Sesmic Waves ; Carbonates ; Permeability ; Physical properties ; Elastic properties ; Borehole sonic logs ; Vp ; Vs ; Vp/Vs Ratio ; Critical Rupture Length ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 19556 Bytes
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  • 18
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    Experimental dataset of charges and discharges measurement during shock-tube experiments (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Series of experiments to assess the role of pressure, mass of particles, and grain size distribution in the generation of charges and discharges during shock-tube experiments. Experiments have been achieved between 2017 and 2018 in the facilities of Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - LMU München.This dataset contains:- an excel spreadsheet summarizing the 63 experiments in the database with their main characteristics- a pdf file for each experiment, with the waveforms of the main instruments used in the experiment (Pressure sensors and Faraday cage) as well as ellaborated data (total amount of charges and discharges, discharge size distribution.
    Description: Methods
    Description: Description of the raw file for each experiment (in CSV format). After the header, the columns display respectively:(1) the time [s](2) the static pressure within the autoclave [MPa](3) the voltage across the Faraday cage [V] on a low-sensitivity channel of the datalogger(4) the voltage across the Faraday cage [V] on a high-sensitivity channel of the datalogger that might saturate in some cases(5) the voltage across the lower antenna [V] as described in Cimarelli et al., 2014 (for some experiments only, otherwise the signal remains close to 0)(6) the voltage across the upper antenna [V] as described in Cimarelli et al., 2014 (for some experiments only, otherwise the signal remains close to 0)(7) the dynamic pressure at the exit of the nozzle [MPa](8) the trigger signal generated by the datalogger [V]
    Keywords: ash ; electric charge ; electric discharge ; shock tube ; jet ; grain size distribution ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 WEATHER/CLIMATE ADVISORIES 〉 DUST/ASH ADVISORIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 〉 ERUPTION DYNAMICS 〉 VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 〉 ERUPTION DYNAMICS 〉 ASH/DUST DISPERSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY 〉 LIGHTNING
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 19
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    Ring shear test data of quartz sand and colored quartz sand used for analogue modelling in the Laboratorio de modelización analógica, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain (EPOS TNA call 2017). (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on different types of quartz sand used in the Laboratorio de modelización analógica of the Universidad de Zaragoza (UZ, Spain) as an analogue for brittle layers in the crust or lithosphere (Izquierdo-Llavall & Casas-Sainz, 2012; Calvín et al., 2013; Pueyo Anchuela et al., 2016; Peiro et al., 2018; Pueyo et al., 2018; Izquierdo-Llavall et al., submitted). The materials (quartz sand, green coloured quartz sand mixture, black coloured quartz sand) have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam.According to our analysis the materials show a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Friction coefficients of the pure quartz sand and the green quartz sand mixture are similar (µP = 0.74 – 0.76, µD = 0.56 – 0.60, µR = 0.61 – 0.64), whereas friction coefficients of the black coloured quartz sand are lower (µP = 0.48, µD = 0.39, µR = 0.45). Cohesions of all sands range between 40 and 150 Pa. A minor rate-weakening of ~1 % per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.The tested materials are quartz sands with a grain size of 0.063 – 0.4 mm and bulk densities of ρ = 1610-1800 kg m^-3. The data presented here are derived by ring shear testing using a SCHULZE RST-01.pc (Schulze, 1994, 2003, 2008) at the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) of the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. The RST is specially designed to measure friction coefficients µ and cohesions C in loose granular material accurately at low confining pressures and shear velocities similar to sandbox experiments.
    Keywords: EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ; earth interior setting 〉 crust setting 〉 continental-crustal setting 〉 upper continental crustal setting ; deformation 〉 fracturing ; wrench fault ; thrust fault ; fault ; tectonic and structural features ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Ring-shear tester ; Force sensor ; Friction coefficient ; Cohesion
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 20
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    Ring shear test data of iron powder – quartz sand mixture: a new marker material for analog modelling in a CT scanner at Utrecht University (The Netherlands) (EPOS TNA call 2017) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on an iron powder – quartz sand mixture (weight ratio 1:3). This material is used in particular as marker material in analogue experiments that are monitored with CT-scanners in the Tectonic Laboratory (TecLab) at Utrecht University (NL) (Pueyo et al., 2017; 2018). The material has been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam in the framework of the EPOS (European Plate Observing System) Transnational Access (TNA) call of the Thematic Core Service (TCS) Multi-scale Laboratories (MSL) in 2017.According to our analysis the material behaves as a Mohr-Coulomb material characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients are µP = 0.65, µD = 0.53, and µR = 0.62, respectively. Cohesions C are in the range of 70 to 100 Pa. A minor rate-weakening of ~3% per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.
    Keywords: EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; software tools ; transnational access ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ; earth interior setting 〉 crust setting 〉 continental-crustal setting 〉 upper continental crustal setting ; deformation 〉 fracturing ; fault ; tectonic and structural features ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Iron Powder ; Ring-shear tester ; Force sensor ; Friction coefficient ; Cohesion
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 21
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    LSMOD.2 - Global paleomagnetic field model for 50 -- 30 ka BP (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Global spherical harmonic paleomagnetic field model LSMOD.2 describes the magnetic field evolution from 50 to 30 ka BP based on published paleomagnetic sediment records and volcanic data. It is an update of LSMOD.1, with the only difference being a correction to the geographic locations of one of the underlying datasets. The time interval includes the Laschamp (~41 ka BP) and Mono Lake (~34 ka BP) excursions. The model is given with Fortran source code to obtain spherical harmonic magnetic field coefficients for individual epochs and to obtain time series of magnetic declination, inclination and field intensity from 49.95 to 30 ka BP for any location on Earth. For details see M. Korte, M. Brown, S. Panovska and I. Wardinski (2019): Robust characteristics of the Laschamp and Mono lake geomagnetic excursions: results from global field models. Submitted to Frontiers in Earth Sciences
    Description: Methods
    Description: File overview:LSMOD.2 -- ASCII file containing the time-dependent model by a list of spline basis knot points and spherical harmonic coefficients for these knot points.LSfield.f -- Fortran source code to obtain time series predictions of declination, inclination and intensity from the model file.LScoefs.f -- Fortran source code to obtain the spherical harmonic coefficients for an individual age from the time-dependent model file.The data are licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0) and the Fortran Codes under the Apache License, Version 2.0.The Fortran source code should work with any standard Fortran 77 or higher compiler. Each of the two program files can be compiled separately, all required subroutines are included in the files. The model file, LSMOD.1 or LSMOD.2, is read in by the executable program and has to be in the same directory. The programs work with interactive input, which will be requested when running the program.
    Keywords: paleomagnetic field model ; geomagnetic excursion ; spherical harmonic paleomagnetic field model ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; paleomagnetic and magnetic data ; software tools ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 MAGNETIC INTENSITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 MAGNETIC INCLINATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 MAGNETIC DECLINATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 REFERENCE FIELDS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 PALEOMAGNETISM
    Type: Model
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 22
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    Ring-shear test data of foam glass beads used for analogue experiments in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam and the Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) for two types of foam glass beads and a mixture of foam glass beads with quartz sand (“G12”; Rosenau et al., 2019). These materials have been used in analogue experiments in Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam and in the Analogue laboratory of the Institute of Geosciences of the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena (FSU Jena). The materials have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesion C. According to our analysis the materials show a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak friction coefficients µP of all tested materials range between 0.70 and 0.75, dynamic friction coefficients µD between 0.52 and 0.55 and reactivation friction coefficients µR between 0.60 and 0.62. Peak cohesions CP of all materials are negative indicating that they are cohesionless. All materials show a minor rate-weakening of ~1% per ten-fold change in shear velocity v.Further information about materical characteristics, measurement procedures, sample preparation, the RST (Ring-shear test) and VST (Velocity stepping test) procedure, as well as the analysed method is proviced in the data description file. The list of files explains the file and folder structure of the data set.
    Keywords: analogue models of geologic processes ; EPOS ; Multi-scale Laboratories ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; software tools ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ; tectonic setting 〉 passive continental margin setting ; earth interior setting 〉 crust setting 〉 continental-crustal setting 〉 upper continental crustal setting ; deformation 〉 ductile flow ; deformation 〉 fracturing ; normal fault ; graben ; diapir ; fault ; slope and gravitational features ; base slope ; tectonic and structural features ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Ring-shear tester ; Force sensor ; Friction coefficient ; Cohesion
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 23
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    TOPOI-CS_ECHAM5 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-04
    Description: Global paleoclimate simulations are carried out on the basis of the so-called time slice technique. The simulations are performed with the state-of-the-art global circulation model ECHAM5 (Roeckner et al., 2003) at a spectral resolution of T106 (∼1.125°×1.125°) and 19 vertical levels. Different time slices are selected at a time interval of approx. 1000 years from each other, from 6000 years ago to pre-industrial times. For each time slice a simulation is carried out over a period of 30 years. As boundary conditions prescribed sea ice fraction and sea surface temperatures were used, which were derived from a continuous simulation with transient periods. This simulation was performed with the coupled atmosphere-ocean circulation model ECHO-G, consisting of the ECHAM4 (Roeckner et al., 1996) and the ocean model HOPE (Wolff et al., 1997), at a spectral resolution of T30 (∼3.75◦×3.75◦). Further information on simulation realization can be found in Wagner et al. (2007). Detailed information on the model set-up can be found in Russo and Cubasch (2016). Russo, E. and Cubasch, U.: Mid-to-late Holocene temperature evolution and atmospheric dynamics over Europe in regional model simulations, Clim. Past, 12, 1645-1662, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1645-2016, 2016.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GRIB
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 24
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    TOPOI-CS_COSMO-CLM (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-04
    Description: High-resolution simulations of the palaeoclimate are carried out throughout Europe. A set of climate simulations will be performed, based on the so-called time slicing technique. The simulations are performed with the state-of-the-art regional climate model COSMO-CLM (cosmo_4.8_clm19) at a horizontal resolution of 0.44° longitude and 40 vertical levels. The COSMO-CLM is a non-hydrostatic RCM with rotated geographical coordinates and a terrain following height coordinate (Rockel et al., 2008), developed by the German Weather Service (DWD) of the COSMO model (Doms and Schättler, 2003). The ECHAM5 output is used as a boundary data set for the dynamic downscaling approach. Detailed information on the model set-up can be found in Russo and Cubasch (2016). Russo, E. and Cubasch, U.: Mid-to-late Holocene temperature evolution and atmospheric dynamics over Europe in regional model simulations, Clim. Past, 12, 1645-1662, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1645-2016, 2016.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 25
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    CanClim Historical monthly models (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-23
    Description: Historical monthly models of mean minimum temperature and maximum temperature, and total precipitation
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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    DATA DKRZ
  • 26
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    CMIP6 ScenarioMIP DKRZ MPI-ESM1-2-HR ssp370 - RCM-forcing data (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-23
    Description: RCM forcing data from 10 realisations (r*i1p1f1) of the CMIP6/ScenarioMIP experiment ssp370, conducted with the MPI-ESM1-2-HR on the Mistral supercomputer of the DKRZ. The experiment covers the years 2015 to 2100 and branches from realisations of the CMIP6/CMIP historical experiment. The file format is gzip-compressed GRIB (*.grb.gz). ScenarioMIP website: https://cmip.ucar.edu/scenario-mip ScenarioMIP paper: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3461-2016 Experiment description ssp370: Gap: Baseline scenario with a medium to high radiative forcing by the end of century. Following approximately RCP7.0 global forcing pathway with SSP3 socioeconomic conditions. Radiative forcing reaches a level of 7.0 W/m2 in 2100. Concentration-driven.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GRIB1 zipped; recs separated
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  • 27
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    CMIP6 CMIP DKRZ MPI-ESM1-2-HR amip_r2i1p1f1 and amip_r3i1p1f1 - RCM-forcing data (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-23
    Description: RCM forcing data from 2 realisations (r2i1p1f1, r3i1p1f1) of the CMIP6/CMIP DECK experiment amip, conducted with the MPI-ESM1-2-HR on the Mistral supercomputer of the DKRZ. The experiment covers the years 1979 to 2014. The two variants have been created by modulating the horizontal diffusion coefficient of the top model layer by a factor 1.00001 (amip_r2i1p1f1) and 0.99999 (amip_r3i1p1f1) for the year 1979. The file format is gzip-compressed GRIB (*.grb.gz). CMIP6 website: https://www.wcrp-climate.org/wgcm-cmip/wgcm-cmip6 CMIP6 paper: https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/1937/2016/gmd-9-1937-2016.html Experiment description amip: An atmosphere only climate simulation using prescribed sea surface temperature and sea ice concentrations but with other conditions as in the Historical simulation.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GRIB1 zipped; recs separated
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    The DGFI geoid based on spherical radial basis functions for the Colorado Experiment: ColSRBF-DGFI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSRBF-DGFI2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI), Technical University of Munich (TUM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Input data include terrestrial and airborne gravity observations, both used with their original observation sites. The computation method is based on spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs), using the Shannon function and the Cubic Polynomial (CuP) function for the terrestrial and airborne data, respectively. The computation is performed in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure, taking XGM2016 as global gravity model and Earth2014 / ERTM2160 for the topographic gravity effects. The terrestrial and airborne observations are combined within a parameter estimation procedure, and the relative weight between these two types of observations are determined by the method of variance component estimation (VCE). The classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) is used for quasi-geoid to geoid conversion. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.0 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical radial basis functions ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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    Survey mode GPS data in the West Pamir, Tajikistan, Central Asia, 2013-2016 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We have installed 20 new Global Positioning System (GPS) markers in the West Pamir and the Tajik Depression and measured 25 markers once a year between 2013 and 2016 in survey mode. The stations are positioned along two dense NW-SE oriented profiles with an average spacing of 5-10 km. The profiles cross the Darvaz and the Vakhsh/Ilyak fault and thus monitor the recent slip of these two profiles, which are expected to accommodate the gravity-driven westward extrusion of the West Pamir into the Tajik Depression. Some of the stations include millimeter to centimeter offsets potentially caused by the 2015 Mw7.2 Sarez, Pamir, earthquake.
    Description: Methods
    Description: The markers are 100 mm long stainless steel rods of 8 mm diameter drilled and glued into the ground. Marker positions were measured for nearly 48 hrs per measurement at a sampling rate of 30 s. The data were always acquired in autumn (September to November) to minimize seasonal signal contributions. We used a Trimble R7 receiver and a Trimble Geodetic Zephyr Model 1 (TRM41249.00) antenna on a leveled spike mount with a fixed height of 12.2 cm. The antenna cable plug was oriented towards North whenever possible.Metadata regarding the measurement conditions were archived on paper log sheets. Trimble's proprietary data was converted to ASCII-files using the Trimble software "runpkr00", and then into exchangeable RINEX data using the software "TEQC" (https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00012778), which can be downloaded from the UNAVCO webpage. Finally, mandatory metadata - e.g. antenna and receiver types, marker names, antenna offsets - were added to the header information of the RINEX files.The resulting data presented herein include daily observations in RINEX format. These are organized in yearly and daily folders ("2019-007_Metzger-et-al_data/daily/YYYY/DDD"). Further documentation is found in the folder "2019-007_Metzger-et-al_documentation" and includes the technical reports ("TechnicalReport20YY.pdf") with additional details regarding the installation and remeasurement of the network, waypoint descriptions ("WaypointDescriptions.pdf"), technical aspects of the GPS antenna ("antenna_TRM41249_00.gif"), logsheets documenting additional data acquisition information ("logsheets") as well as example pictures taken during data acquistion ("photo_examples").
    Keywords: RNX data ; campaign GPS ; GNSS ; Tajikistan ; Tajik basin ; Vakhsh fault ; Darvaz fault ; Pamir ; West Pamir ; surface displacement ; linear rates ; interseismic rates ; deformation rates ; sGPS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Positioning/Navigation 〉 GNSS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 30
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    ESA-CCI_Phase2_Standardized_Manual_Visual_Ship-Based_SeaIceObservations_v01 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-04
    Description: Polar regions are data sparse regions. Research ships operating in polar regions often record sea-ice conditions during their transects through ice infested waters. Such observations of the sea-ice conditions are often the only information that can be provided in addition to satellite-based estimates of the sea-ice conditions, such as sea-ice concentration or sea-ice thickness. Such observations have been carried out and gathered using two protocols. For the Antarctic, this is the so-called ASPeCt protocol [Worby and Allison, 1999; Worby and Dirita, 1999; Worby et al., 2008]. For the Arctic, this is the so-called ASSIST/IceWatch protocol [Hutchings et al., 2018]. The latter builds on the ASPeCt protocol, incorporating surface melt conditions being more ubiquitous in the Arctic. Ship-based observations of the sea-ice conditions are conducted manually, visually, i.e. by eye, regularly every hour taking into account an area around the ship of about one kilometer radius. Note that this area distorts to an elliptically shaped area as a function of observers' experience, ships' cruising speed and ice and visibility conditions. Each observation comprises the total sea-ice concentration, and the concentration, level ice thickness, level ice snow depth, fraction and height of ridges, ice type, snow type, and floe size for the up to three thickest ice types. For the Arctic, melt-pond fraction and stage-of-melt are also part of the observables. In addition to the ships' position often auxiliary parameters such as visibility, wind speed and direction, or air and water temperature are recorded. For development and evaluation of satellite-based sea-ice products, such ship-based observations are of great value. Because of this, within the ESA-CCI sea-ice ECV project (ESA-SICCI), phase 2, a standardized data set of such ship-based observations was generated for both polar regions. It comprises data from June 2002 through December 2015. This time period is motivated by the purpose to evaluate sea-ice concentration data retrieved from AMSR-E and AMSR2 brightness temperature measurements which, at the time the project was initiated, were planned to be retrieved until the end of 2015. The data set incorporates observational data from various collections, e.g. a part of the original ASPeCt collection [Worby et al., 2008], which ended in May 2005. More information about all data sources is given below. All data have been manually standardized to the same format (i.e., number of decimals, unit), using the same value to describe missing data, using the same temporal ordering, and filling gaps with the respective missing-data value. Double data entries have been removed. The data set is split into two ascii text files, one for the Arctic, one for the Antarctic. It has been successfully used to evaluate sea-ice concentration and thickness products of the ESA-SICCI phase 2 project.
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    The CASM geoid based on spectral combination approach for the Colorado Experiment: ColSCA-CASM2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-05
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSCA-CASM2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping (CASM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109.5°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102.5°W, 35.5°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39.5°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The height anomaly computation from the satellite gravity model GOCO05S, terrestrial and airborne gravity data is based on the spectral combination approach. Spectral weights of each dataset are determined by using the KTH error degree variance estimation method. A remove-compute-restore procedure, based on the EGM2008 global gravity model, is applied to account for the contribution outside local gravity data coverage. A residual terrain correction is computed from the SRTM model to consider the short wavelength components of gravity field generated by the high frequency part of topography. Height anomalies are converted to geoid undulations by using the refined Bouguer anomalies and the gradient of the gravitational potential (Flury and Rummel, 2009). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.5 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spectral combination approach ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 32
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    The CASM quasi-geoid based on spectral combination approach for the Colorado Experiment: ColSCA-CASM2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-05
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSCA-CASM2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping (CASM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109.5°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102.5°W, 35.5°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39.5°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The height anomaly computation from the satellite gravity model GOCO05S, terrestrial and airborne gravity data is based on the spectral combination approach. Spectral weights of each dataset are determined by using the KTH error degree variance estimation method. A remove-compute-restore procedure, based on the EGM2008 global gravity model, is applied to account for the contribution outside local gravity data coverage. A residual terrain correction is computed from the SRTM model to consider the short wavelength components of gravity field generated by the high frequency part of topography. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spectral combination approach ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 33
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    Reconstructed volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth, 500 BCE to 1900 CE, version 3 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-09
    Description: The eVolv2k database includes estimates of the magnitudes and approximate source latitudes of major volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection (VSSI) events from 500 BCE to 1900 CE. The VSSI estimates incorporate recent improvements to the ice core records in terms of synchronization and dating, refinements to the methods used to estimate VSSI from ice core records, and includes estimates of the random uncertainties in VSSI values. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015, Zielinski et al., 1995) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al. (2007). More details are described by Toohey and Sigl (2017). Compared to version 2, this update includes reassignment of eruption region for minor events in 1654, 1414, 1381, 688, 379 and -430. Also, minimum flux threshold adjusted downwards so as to include small Greenland flux for events in 1463, -190 and -430. Finally, events with 0 VSSI removed. In addition, a reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) using the VSSI estimates and the EVA v1.2 volcanic forcing generator (Toohey et al., 2016) is provided. Complete optical properties (extinction, single scattering albedo, scattering asymmetry factor) as a function of height, latitude and time can be produced using the eVolv2k VSSI database and the EVA forcing generator. EVA version 1.2 includes a fix of a minor bug which affected the spatiotemporal distribution of AOD, most notably for extratropical eruptions. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007. Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543¿549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Toohey, M. and Sigl, M.: Volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth from 500 BCE to 1900 CE, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9(2), 809–831, doi:10.5194/essd-9-809-2017, 2017. Toohey, M., Stevens, B., Schmidt, H. and Timmreck, C.: Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA v1.0): an idealized forcing generator for climate simulations, Geosci. Model Dev., 9(11), 4049–4070, doi:10.5194/GMD-9-4049-2016, 2016.
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    SCOTER - Software package for multiple-earthquake relocation by using static and source-specific station correction terms (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We present SCOTER, an open-source Python programming package that is designed to relocate multiple seismic events by using direct P- and S-wave station correction terms. The package implements static and shrinking-box source-specific station terms techniques extended to regional and teleseimic distances and adopted for probabilistic, non-linear, global-search location for large-scale multiple-event location. This program provides robust relocation results for seismic event sequences over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales by applying empirical corrections for the biasing effects of 3-D velocity structure. Written in the Python programming language, SCOTER is run as a stand-alone command-line tool (requiring no knowledge of Python) and also provides a set of sub-commands to develop required input files (e.g. phase files, travel-time grid files, configuration) and export relocation results (such as hypocenter parameters, travel-time residuals) in different formats -- routine but non-trivial tasks that can consume much user time. This package can be used for relocating data sets in local, regional, and teleseimic scales.
    Keywords: relocation of seismic events ; python ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES
    Type: Software
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 35
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    Paleosol-derived data used for the reconstruction of environmental conditions during the Holocene in the upper part of the Kali Gandaki valley, Central Nepal (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-10
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication contains the data sets of a study aiming to reconstruct environmental conditions during the Holocene in the upper part of the Kali Gandaki valley, Nepal. The data are for samples taken from paleosol sections in the Upper Mustang region (Menges et al. 2019). On these samples we measured the grain size distribution to gain information about the depositional processes, pollen data to reconstruct past vegetation, 14C isotopes in the humin fraction of organic matter for soil formation ages, and hydrogen isotopic composition on n-alkanes to reconstruct past hydrological conditions. This is complemented with optically stimulated luminescence data for additional depositional age information, surface water samples and modern soil samples to constrain modern hydrological conditions, and sediment concentration data to gain insights into erosion processes. The data was generated between 2013-02 and 2018-12. The data files are provided in Excel and tab-delimited text versions.
    Keywords: degradation ; paleosols ; climate ; Nepal ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Spectrometers/Radiometers 〉 IRMS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 LAND RECORDS 〉 ISOTOPES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 HABITAT CONVERSION/FRAGMENTATION 〉 DESERTIFICATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 DEGRADATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS 〉 DROUGHT/PRECIPITATION RECONSTRUCTION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 LAND RECORDS 〉 PALEOSOLS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 36
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of atmospheric nitrogen deposition by CMAQ (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-16
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the year 2012 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1999 and, then, from 2000 to 2011 with tagging (see below; three years would have been sufficient). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). A publication is in preparation. The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of 16x16 km2 horizontal resolution were provided by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht within the EU BONUS SHEBA Project (Karl et al., 2019, doi:10.5194/acp-19-7019-2019). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen from shipping emissions and from all emission sectors has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi: 10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist three times in the output: once as regular variables and once per tagged nitrogen source (total atmospheric and shipping-related). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of atmospheric nitrogen deposition by EMEP (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-16
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 2003 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1999 and, then, from 2000 to 2002 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). A publication is in preparation. The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of 0.1° x 0.1° spatial resolution were taken from the 2018 reporting of the European Measurement and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) as presented in EMEP (2018, url: http://emep.int/publ/reports/2018/EMEP_Status_Report_1_2018.pdf) and available from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute (2018, url: http://thredds.met.no/thredds/catalog/data/EMEP/2018_Reporting/catalog.html). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen from livestock/agricultural emissions (estimated, see documentation) and from all emission sectors has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist three times in the output: once as regular variables and once per tagged nitrogen source (total atmospheric and agriculturally-related). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
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  • 38
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    Pyrocko - An open-source seismology toolbox and library (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-19
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Pyrocko is an open source seismology toolbox and library, written in the Python programming language. It can be utilized flexibly for a variety of geophysical tasks, like seismological data processing and analysis, calculation of Green's functions and earthquake models' synthetic waveforms and static displacements (InSAR or GPS). Those can be used to characterize extended earthquake ruptures, point sources (moment tensors) and other seismic sources. This publication includes the Pyrocko core, a library providing building blocks for researchers and students wishing to develop their own applications. The Pyrocko framework also ships with application: (1) Snuffler (interactive seismogram browser and workbench), (2) Cake (1D travel-time and ray-path computations), (3) Fomosto (calculate and manage Green’s function databases) and (4) Jackseis (waveform archive data manipulation). Additional applications, as of Grond, Lassie and Kite are individual software publications. See the project page (www.pyrocko.org) for full documentation, tutorials and installation instructions.
    Keywords: Seismological software ; Seismological toolbox ; Green's functions ; Seismological data processing ; Python framework ; Earthquake source parameters
    Type: Software , Dataset
    Format: 34794 Bytes
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 39
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Tajikistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Tajikistan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2020) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra (submitted). The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Tajikistan (provided as a separate file). The model integrates around 1'000 building observations (see related dataset Pittore et al. 2019a). The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Prior strength=10, 100 Epsilon=0.001 For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 40
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for the Kyrgyz Republic (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in the Kyrgyz Republic. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of 1'175 geo-cells covering the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic. The model integrates around 6'000 building observations (see related dataset Pittore et al. 2019). The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process). For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 41
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Uzbekistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Uzbekistan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Uzbekistan (provided as a separate file). The model prior is based on empirical observations in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan as well as user-elicited knowledge. The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process). For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 42
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Kazakhstan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Kazakhstan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Kazakhstan (provided as a separate file). The model prior is based on user-elicited knowledge. The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process). For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 43
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Turkmenistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Turkmenistan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Turkmenistan (provided as a separate file). The model prior is based on user-elicited knowledge. The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process) For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 44
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    Earthquake Model Central Asia: seismic exposure modelling (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The datasets in this collection include input and output components of the seismic exposure model developed within the framework of the Earthquake Model Central Asia and used for seismic risk assessment. In particular the collection includes: - A dataset of around 7’000 individual building observations in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan collected using the Remote Rapid Visual Survey (RRVS) methodology developed at GFZ, along with the class schema used to map the individual taxonomic observations into vulnerability-related building classes. These are used to develop suitable prior distribution and to constrain locally the resulting exposure models - The seismic exposure models for the following central Asian countries: Kazakhstan , Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, aggregated over a set of heterogeneous tessellations (geo-cells) The methodology employed for the development of the exposure models is described in Pittore, M., Haas, M., and Silva, V. (2020) “Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications”, Earthquake Spectra. Two versions of the models obtained with two different parameter settings are included. The models are provided in .csv and in .xml (nrml 0.5) format, for compatiliby with the OpenQuake hazard and risk assessment engine.
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 45
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    Remote Rapid Visual survey (RRVS) for exposure modelling in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The dataset contains a set of structural and non-structural attributes collected using the GFZ RRVS methodology in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, within the framework of the projects EMCA (Earthquake Model Central Asia), funded by GEM, and "Assessing Seismic Risk in the Kyrgyz Republic", funded by the World Bank. The survey has been carried out between 2012 and 2016 using a Remote Rapid Visual Screening system developed by GFZ and employing omnidirectional images and footprints from OpenStreetMap. The attributes are encoded according to the GEM taxonomy v2.0 (see https://taxonomy.openquake.org). The following attributes are defined (not all are observable in the RRVS survey): code, description: lon, longitude in fraction of degrees lat, latitude in fraction of degrees object_id, unique id of the building surveyed MAT_TYPE,Material Type MAT_TECH,Material Technology MAT_PROP,Material Property LLRS,Type of Lateral Load-Resisting System LLRS_DUCT,System Ductility HEIGHT,Height YR_BUILT,Date of Construction or Retrofit OCCUPY,Building Occupancy Class - General OCCUPY_DT,Building Occupancy Class - Detail POSITION,Building Position within a Block PLAN_SHAPE,Shape of the Building Plan STR_IRREG,Regular or Irregular STR_IRREG_DT,Plan Irregularity or Vertical Irregularity STR_IRREG_TYPE,Type of Irregularity NONSTRCEXW,Exterior walls ROOF_SHAPE,Roof Shape ROOFCOVMAT,Roof Covering ROOFSYSMAT,Roof System Material ROOFSYSTYP,Roof System Type ROOF_CONN,Roof Connections FLOOR_MAT,Floor Material FLOOR_TYPE,Floor System Type FLOOR_CONN,Floor Connections For each building an EMCA vulnerability class has been assigned following the fuzzy scoring methodology described in Pittore et al., 2018. The related class definition schema (as a .json document) is included in the data package.
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 46
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    The GSI-DTU geoid based on the UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme for the Colorado Experiment: ColUNBSH-GSI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColUNBSH-GSI2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) in cooperation with the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109°W ≤ longitude ≤ 103°W, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne gravity data are combined and gridded by least-squares collocation with the planar logarithmic covariance model. The resulting grid of free-air gravity anomalies is converted into Helmert gravity anomalies by applying the spherical topographic reduction and the analytical downward continuation with Helmert's second method of condensation. The computation method is based on the remove-compute-restore technique, using XGM2016 up to degree and order 719 as the reference global gravity model. In particular, the geoid model is computed by Stokes integration of residual Helmert gravity anomalies with the hybrid Meissl-Molodensky modified spheroidal Stokes kernel (UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.9 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 47
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, base scenario, v04 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The default phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was used ("base scenario"; PhosWaM SWAT case "ist"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v04" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA DKRZ
  • 48
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, base scenario, v05 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The default phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was used (PhosWaM SWAT case "ist"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v05" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA DKRZ
  • 49
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, BSAP compliance scenario, v04 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was modified in order to comply with BASP (Baltic Sea Action Plan) targets (PhosWaM SWAT case "15"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v04" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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    DATA DKRZ
  • 50
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, MFTR scenario, v04 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was calculated and a Maximum Technical Feasible Reduction (MTFR) approach was applied (PhosWaM SWAT case "35"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v04" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 51
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    Data Supplement to: Cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment: where grain size matters and why (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Concentrations of in-situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment are widely used to estimate catchment-average denudation rates. Typically, the 10Be concentrations are measured in the sand fraction of river sediment. However, the grain size of bedload sediment in most bedrock rivers covers a much wider range. Where 10Be concentrations depend on grain size, denudation rate estimates based on the sand fraction alone are potentially biased. To date, knowledge about catchment attributes that may induce grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations is incomplete or has only been investigated in modelling studies. Here we present an empirical study on the occurrence of grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations and the potential controls of hillslope angle, precipitation, lithology, and abrasion. We first conducted a study focusing on the sole effect of precipitation in four granitic catchments located on a climate gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. We found that observed grain size dependencies of 10Be concentrations in the most-arid and most-humid catchments could be explained by the effect of precipitation on both the scouring depth of erosion processes and the depth of the mixed soil layer. Analysis of a global dataset of published 10Be concentrations in different grain sizes (n=73 catchments) – comprising catchments with contrasting hillslope angles, climate, lithology, and catchment size – revealed a similar pattern. Lower 10Be concentrations in coarse grains (defined as “negative grain size dependency”) emerge frequently in catchments which likely have thin soil and where deep-seated erosion processes (e.g. landslides) excavate grains over a larger depth interval. These catchments include steep (〉 25°) and humid catchments (〉 2000mm yr-1). Furthermore, we found that an additional cause of negative grain size dependencies may emerge in large catchments with weak lithologies and long sediment travel distances (〉 2300–7000 m, depending on lithology) where abrasion may lead to a grain size distribution that is not representative for the entire catchment. The results of this study can be used to evaluate whether catchment-average denudation rates are likely to be biased in particular catchments.Samples from the Chilean Coastal Cordillera were processed in the Helmholtz Laboratory for the Geochemistry of the Earth Surface (HELGES). 10Be/9Be ratios were measured at the University of Cologne and normalized to the KN01-6-2 and KN01-5-3 standards. Denudation rates were calculated using a time-independent scaling scheme according to Lal (1991) and Stone (2002) (St scaling scheme) and the SLHL production rate of 4.01 at g-1 yr-1 as reported by Phillips et al. (2016)The global compilation exists of studies that measured 10Be concentrations in different grain sizes from the same sample location. We only included river basins of 〈5000 km2 which measured 10Be concentrations in at least one sand-sized fraction 〈2 mm and at least one coarser fraction 〉2 mm. Catchment parameters have been recalculated using a 90-m SRTM DEM.The data are presented in Excel and csv tables. Table S1 describes the characteristics of the samples catchments, Table S2 includes the grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations measured during this study and Table 3 the global compilation of grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations. All samples of this study (the Chilean Coastal Cordillera) are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN). The IGSN links are included in Table S2 and in the Related References Section on the DOI Landing Page. The data are described in detail in the data description file and in van Dongen et al. (2018) to which they are supplementary material to.
    Keywords: Denudation ; Grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations ; Chile ; Coastal Cordillera ; Global compilation ; Cosmogenic 10Be ; Cosmogenic nuclides ; chemical element 〉 element of group II (alkaline earth metals) 〉 beryllium ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL PROCESSES 〉 ABRASION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 BEDROCK LITHOLOGY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 LANDSLIDES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 4 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 52
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    Data inventory of the varve database (VARDA): Sediment profiles, chronologies, radiocarbon dates, tephra layers and varve thickness data (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-03
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data collection presented here is the data inventory of the VARved sediments DAtabase (VARDA) in version 1.3. VARDA is freely accessible and was created to assess outputs from climate models with high-resolution terrestrial palaeoclimatic proxies. All data were collected as raw data from freely available online sources, either from online data repositories (Pangaea, NOAA, and Neotoma) or data archives within the supplementary materials section of online publications. The current data collection consists of meta information and datasets from 95 lake archives. The data is stored in JSON and CSV format. All datasets are stored as individual files (JSON and CSV). Each dataset consists of samples for either i) chronologies; ii) radiocarbon data; iii) tephra layer; or iv) varve thickness data. Meta-information for each dataset is summarized in one csv and seven JSON files. Additional paleoclimate proxy data will be provided in forthcoming updates of VARDA. The data collection of VARDA Version 1.3 is provided as an archive (.tar.gz) with the following files/folders. Overview lists with categories, cores, countries, datasets, lakes and publications included in VARDA. Each item in the lists is cross-referenced with the other files via its $ref property which includes the corresponding list index or the dataset's UUID (from the VARDA database). The data points themselves are provided in the "records" folder and named with each dataset's UUID respectively. For more information on the data structure please read the "index.html" file included in the archive and available on the DOI landing page. VERSION HISTORY: 26 July 2020: release of Version 1.3: 1. Fix issues with chronologies in the export 2. Provide recalculated machine readable error estimates 3. Correct some metadata values (e.g. core labels) 5 March 2020: release of Version 1.1 1. Added fields: "distributor" - Field containing name of data distributor "url" - Field containing DOIs and URLs, which lead to the original data publications 2. Correction of publication DOIs in 9 cases The version 1.0 is available in the "previous-versions" subfolder via the Data Download link. The index file is unchanged.
    Keywords: Varda ; varves ; compound material 〉 sedimentary material ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 LAND RECORDS 〉 VOLCANIC DEPOSITS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 RADIOCARBON ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 SEDIMENTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 VARVE DEPOSITS ; environment 〉 natural environment 〉 aquatic environment ; environment 〉 natural environment 〉 terrestrial environment ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Corers 〉 SEDIMENT CORERS ; Phanerozoic 〉 Cenozoic 〉 Quaternary 〉 Holocene ; Phanerozoic 〉 Cenozoic 〉 Quaternary 〉 Pleistocene 〉 Late/Upper Pleistocene ; science 〉 natural science 〉 earth science 〉 geology ; science 〉 natural science 〉 earth science 〉 sedimentology
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 53
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    The DGFI quasi-geoid based on spherical radial basis functions for the Colorado Experiment: ColSRBF-DGFI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSRBF-DGFI2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI), Technical University of Munich (TUM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Input data include terrestrial and airborne gravity observations, both used with their original observation sites. The computation method is based on spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs), using the Shannon function and the Cubic Polynomial (CuP) function for the terrestrial and airborne data, respectively. The computation is performed in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure, taking XGM2016 as global gravity model and Earth2014 / ERTM2160 for the topographic gravity effects. The terrestrial and airborne observations are combined within a parameter estimation procedure, and the relative weight between these two types of observations are determined by the method of variance component estimation (VCE). The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.9 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical radial basis functions ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 54
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    The Curtin University geoid based on 1D FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Curtin University, Perth, Australia. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne free-air gravity anomalies were reduced by subtraction of gravity anomalies from the GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6 global gravity model (for pre-processing of the gravity data only) and a topographic correction based on the SRTM 3″ v4.1 model. These reduced data were simultaneously gridded by application of 3D least-squares collocation (LSC) with planar logarithmic covariance function, and then converted to Faye anomalies. The quasi-geoid computation was then computed with a remove-compute-restore technique, for which the xGEOID17RefB global gravity model was used. The 1D-FFT integration with Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel was applied, where optimal modification parameters were determined from comparison to GPS-levelling data. The classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) was used for the geoid/quasi-geoid separation. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 4.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 55
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    The Curtin University quasi-geoid based on 1D FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Curtin University, Perth, Australia. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne free-air gravity anomalies were reduced by subtraction of gravity anomalies from the GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6 global gravity model (for pre-processing of the gravity data only) and a topographic correction based on the SRTM 3″ v4.1 model. These reduced data were simultaneously gridded by application of 3D least-squares collocation (LSC) with planar logarithmic covariance function, and then converted to Faye anomalies. The quasi-geoid computation was then computed with a remove-compute-restore technique, for which the xGEOID17RefB global gravity model was used. The 1D-FFT integration with Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel was applied, where optimal modification parameters were determined from comparison to GPS-levelling data. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.2 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 56
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    cordex EUR-11 DHMZ RegCM4-2 (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-03
    Description: This data of the project CORDEX includes CORDEX experiments for the domain for Europe in high resolution (EUR-11) based on DHMZ's RegCM4-2 model. Each file contains a single variable in the format NetCDF-4 compressed with CF standard names (CF-1.4). The data are provided on the model computational (native) grid. Information on additional project naming conventions is specified in the project description. The data include several daily, monthly and seasonal variables from the DHMZ-RegCM4-2 simulation forced by the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Data format follows CORDEX data protocol. Please contact ivan.guettler@cirus.dhz.hr for any relevant requests for this simulation.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 57
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    cordex EUR-11i DHMZ RegCM4-2 (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-03
    Description: This data of the project CORDEX includes CORDEX experiments for the domain for Europe in high resolution (EUR-11) based on DHMZ's RegCM4-2 model. Each file contains a single variable in the format NetCDF-4 compressed with CF standard names (CF-1.4). The data are provided on the interpolated (geographical) grid. Information on additional project naming conventions is specified in the project description. The data include several daily, monthly and seasonal variables from the DHMZ-RegCM4-2 simulation forced by the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Data format follows CORDEX data protocol. Please contact ivan.guettler@cirus.dhz.hr for any relevant requests for this simulation.
    Type: experiment
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  • 58
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    coastDat3_COSMO-CLM_MERRA2 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-06
    Description: This is an atmospheric hindcast for Western Europe and the North Atlantic using COSMO-CLM version 5.0 with spectral nudging from 2002-2017. MERRA2 reanalysis data are used as forcing. Additionally transient and monthly aerosol data of the MACv2 climatology are prescribed. The model uses a rotated grid with 566 x 481 grid points and a grid point distance of 0.0625 degrees, the rotated North pole is located at 162.0 W, 39.25 N. The published data excludes the sponge zone and have 526 x 441 grid points. In rotated coordinates the published simulation data extends from 22.64 W to 10.18 E, 11.2 S to 16.3 N, in geographical coordinates this corresponds to about 12 W to 30 E, 39 N to 60 N. institution: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Coastal Research, Germany source: int2lm_131101_2.00_clm4, COSMO-CLM5.0_clm14_aerosol_gust (available at DKRZ's LTA WDCC service), http://www.cosmo-model.org/content/model/documentation/core/default.htm contact: http://coastmod.hzg.de originator: Ronny Petrik crs: EPSG:4326
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 59
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    Wind profiles March 2018 - March 2019 from remote sensing at Iquique (2019)
    CRC1211 Database (CRC1211DB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-10
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Wind profiles from March 2018 - MArch 2019 from Doppler Wind Lidar installed at Iquique airport.Wind speed and direction were derived from the VAD-24 scans performed every 15minutes. Error estimates (variables delta_* in the netcdf files) are based on turbulence from vertical stare measurements.
    Keywords: Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere ; Meteorology ; Remote Sensing ; LiDAR ; Wind speed ; Wind direction
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 60
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    VelocityConversion (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This code is a python implementation of the p- and s-wave velocity to density conversion approach after Goes et al. (2000). The implementation has been optimised for regular 3D grids using lookup tables instead of Newton iterations.Goes et al. (2000) regard the expansion coefficient as temperature dependent using the relation by Saxena and Shen (1992). In `Conversion.py`, the user can additionally choose between a constant expansion coefficient or a pressure- and temperature dependent coefficient that was derived from Hacker and Abers (2004).For detailed information on the physics behind the approach have a look at the original paper by Goes et al. (2000). Up-to-date contact information are given on the author's github profile https://github.com/cmeessen.
    Keywords: seismology ; geophysics ; geoscience ; conversion ; upper mantle ; temperature ; density ; seismic velocity
    Type: Software
    Format: 2135347 Bytes
    Format: 4 Files
    Format: application/x-zip-compressed
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 61
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    Integrated Geophysical Exploration Technologies for Deep Fractured Geothermal Systems. Report on the magnetotelluric data of project IGET.2006 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Integrated Geophysical Exploration Technologies for Deep Fractured Geothermal Systems project (I-GET) was aimed at developing an innovative strategy for geophysical exploration, particularly to exploit the full potential of seismic and electromagnetic exploration methods in detecting permeable zones and fluid bearing fractures.The proposed geothermal exploration approach was applied in selected European geothermal systems with different geological and thermodynamic reservoir characteristics: in Italy (high enthalpy reservoir in metamorphic rocks), in Iceland (high enthalpy reservoir in volcanic rocks) and in Germany and Poland (low to middle enthalpy reservoir in sedimentary rocks).The Groß Schönebeck in-situ geothermal laboratory, located 40 km north of Berlin in northeastern Germany, is a key site for testing the geothermal potential of deep sedimentary basins. The target reservoir is located in Lower Permian sandstones and volcanic strata, which host deep aquifers throughout the Northeast German Basin (NEGB). The laboratory consists of two 4.3-km-deep boreholes.The electrical conductivity of the subsurface is a very important parameter for characterizing geothermal systems as hot and mineralized (saline) fluids of deep aquifers can be imaged as regions of high electrical conductivity. In the first phase of the I-GET project, carried out in summer 2006, MT data was recorded at 55 stations along a 40-km long profile. In order to reduce the effect of the cultural noise, 4 remote reference stations located at distances of about 100 km from the profile were used. This profile is spatially coincident with a seismic tomography profile (Bauer et al., 2010). The main objective of the geophysical site characterization experiments was to derive combined electrical conductivity and P- and S-velocity tomographic models for a joint interpretation in high resolution.The data are provided in EMERALD format (Ritter et al., 2015). The folder structure and content is described in detail in Ritter et al., 2019. The project specific description is available in the associated data description file including information on the experimental setup and data collection, the instrumentation, recording configuration and data processing. Scientific outcomes of this project were published by Muñoz et al., (2010a, 2010b).
    Keywords: Electrical Properties ; Magnetotellurics ; Geothermal Energy ; Low Enthalpy ; North Eastern German Basin ; GIPP-MT ; Groß Schönebeck ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Probes ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 GEOMAGNETIC INDUCTION
    Type: Dataset
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  • 62
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    Deep seismic reflection profile DEKORP 1988-9N across the Northern Upper Rhine Graben, Southwest Germany (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The profile 9N was recorded in 1988 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The seismic survey of the ca. 92-km long line 9N was conducted to investigate the deep crustal structure of the northern Upper Rhine Graben with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The objectives of the survey were to delineate the geometry of the major faults, which control the graben subsidence, to map the geometry of deep crustal reflection patterns and to reveal variations of the seismic signature of the lower crust in the context of rift formation. The first results were discussed by Wenzel et al. (1991), summarized by Brun et al. (1992) and supplemented by many other researches. Since the Eocene the Upper Rhine Graben has represented an active rift system. It obliquely intersects the Saxothuringian and the Moldanubian domains, which are separated by the NW vergent and dextrally sheared Lalaye‐Lubine‐Baden‐Baden fault. In the northern Vosges and Black Forest massifs the shear zone is characterized by low-grade Devonian metasediments. The profile starts in the crystalline Odenwald in the east, intersects the Tertiary and Quaternary fill of the Rhine Graben and ends in the late Palaeozoic sequences of the Saar-Nahe Basin in the west, where it crosses the Permian rhyolitic Donnersberg intrusion. The profile 1C creates a continuation of the survey to the west. The seismic section of 9N shows different crustal structures on both sides of the graben and some indications of dipping reflections in the mantle on the western side, which could refer to the genesis of the Upper Rhine Graben.
    Description: Other
    Description: The German Continental Seismic Reflection Program DEKORP (DEutsches KOntinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm) was carried out between 1984 – 1999 as the German national reflection seismic program funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology (BMFT), Bonn [now: the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)]. DEKORP was administrated by the former Geological Survey of Lower Saxony (NLfB), Hannover [now: the State Authority for Mining, Energy and Geology (LBEG)]. In 1994 the DEKORP management was taken over by the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. The aim of DEKORP was to investigate the deep crustal structure of Germany with high-resolution near-vertical incidence (mostly vibro)seismic acquisition, supplemented by wide-angle seismic and other target-oriented piggy-back experiments, all complemented by optimized methods of data processing and interpretation. The DEKORP project was closely linked with the KTB (German continental deep-drilling program) and was an equivalent to many other deep-seismic programs world-wide such as COCORP, BIRPS, LITHOPROBE, ECORS, CROP, BELCORP, IBERSEIS and many more. The DEKORP-Atlas (Meissner & Bortfeld, 1990) gives a detailed overview about most of the different campaigns and results. In sum, the resulting DEKORP database includes approximately 40 crustal-scale 2D-seismic reflection lines covering a total of ca. 4 700 km and one 3D-seismic reflection survey covering ca. 400 km². Each DEKORP survey is provided with all datasets that are necessary for either a re-processing (i.e. raw unstacked field records in SEGY) or a re-interpretation (i.e. finally processed sections in SEGY or PNG). The raw data are sorted by records or by CDPs. The final data are available as unmigrated or migrated stacks without or with coherency enhancement. Automatical line-drawings are also included. All data come with additional meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment. Furthermore, all metadata originating from paper copies are made available as scanned files in PNG or PDF, e.g. field and observer reports, location maps in different scales, near-surface profile headers and others. The DEKORP datasets provide unique and deep insights into the subsurface below Germany covering the earth’s crust from the surface to the upper mantle and are increasingly requested by academic institutions and commercial companies. Fields of applications are geothermal development, hazard analysis, hydrocarbon/shale gas exploration, underground gas storage, tunnel construction and much more.
    Keywords: deep crustal structure ; crustal-scale seismic survey ; near-vertical incidence seismic reflection ; Vibroseis acquisition ; Northern Upper Rhine Graben ; Variscan orogenic belts ; Odenwald ; Saar-Nahe Basin ; rift system ; Mohorovičić discontinuity ; sedimentary graben fill ; geothermal resources ; seismic risks ; DEKORP ; Deutsches Kontinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 SEISMIC PROFILE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 PLATE TECTONICS ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Profilers/Sounders 〉 SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILERS ; lithosphere 〉 earth's crust
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  • 63
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    CH-ME-3-ASC-BOOM - CHAMP 1 Hz Satellite Attitude Time Series in Quaternion Format (Level 3) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-11
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Time series of processed, cleaned attitude readings in quaternion format of the two boom-mounted 'ASC' star sensors of the 'LEO' satellite 'CHAMP', describing the satellite system attitude in respect to the celestial background. The nominal time resolution of the time series in the 'ASCII'-file listing is 1 Hz.The full product and format descriptions are provided in the associated Scientific Technical Report - Data 19/10 (GFZ Section 2.3, 2019. http://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-19104).
    Description: Other
    Description: CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) was a German small satellite mission for geoscientific and atmospheric research and applications, managed by GFZ . With its highly precise, multifunctional and complementary payload elements (Overhauser scalar magnetometer (OVM) and Fluxgate vector magnetometer (FGM), accelerometer, star sensor (ASC), GPS receiver, laser retro reflector, ion drift meter) and its orbit characteristics (near polar, low altitude, long duration) CHAMP generated highly precise gravity and magnetic field measurements simultaneously for the first time and over a 10 years period. CHAMP launched by a Russian COSMOS launch vehicle on July 15, 2000 and an initial altitude of 454 km. The mission ended on September 19, 2010, after ten years, two month and four days, or after 58277 orbits.
    Keywords: CHAMP ; ASC ; star sensor ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 CHAMP ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Positioning/Navigation 〉 ACS ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 MAGNETOMETERS ; Solar/Space Observing Instruments 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 FGM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 64
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    CH-ME-3-MAG - CHAMP 1 Hz Combined Magnetic Field Time Series (Level 3) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-11
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This is a Level 3 data daily file product from various scientific and utility sensors on board of the `LEO' satellite 'CHAMP' with magnetic field data given by a time resolution of 1 Hz. Thise Level 3 data type is build to hold and merge finally corrected data, focusing on mature data calibration and corrections -- as well as internal consistency. This Level 3 data product is intended to supersede the various Level 2 versions with calibrated magnetic field readings from the CHAMP mission distributed hitherto and should be fitted for scientific use, assembling time series of scalar magnetic field values (but not directly readings from the scalar Overhauser sensor), vector magnetic field data from the boom-mounted Fluxgate 'FGM' sensors and attitude data from the ('ASC') boom-mounted Star Cameras. The vector data are given both in the satellite-bound sensor ('FGM') system and the Earth Centered Earth Fixed local 'NEC' (North-East-Center) system. The attitude time series, processed and cleaned, are represented by quaternions describing the satellite attitude related to the celestial system. The readings of the scalar OVM (Overhauser) absolute magnetometer at the top of the boom are not supplied directly, but were used during calibration of the vector magnetometer readings. The files with daily time coverage are in the (binary and self-describing) 'CDF' file format and accompanied, beside the generic 'CDF'-format timestamp, by the satellite's geocentric positions and utility information like quality flags.The full product and format descriptions are provided in the associated Scientific Technical Report - Data (GFZ Section 2.3, 2019. http://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-19104).
    Description: Other
    Description: CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) was a German small satellite mission for geoscientific and atmospheric research and applications, managed by GFZ. With its highly precise, multifunctional and complementary payload elements (Overhauser scalar magnetometer (OVM) and Fluxgate vector magnetometer (FGM), accelerometer, star sensor (ASC), GPS receiver, laser retro reflector, ion drift meter) and its orbit characteristics (near polar, low altitude, long duration) CHAMP generated highly precise gravity and magnetic field measurements simultaneously for the first time and over a 10 years period. CHAMP launched by a Russian COSMOS launch vehicle on July 15, 2000 and an initial altitude of 454 km. The mission ended on September 19 2010 after ten years, two month and four days, or after 58277 orbits.
    Keywords: CHAMP ; magnetic field ; time series ; combined product ; level 3 ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 CHAMP ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Positioning/Navigation 〉 ACS ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 MAGNETOMETERS ; Solar/Space Observing Instruments 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 FGM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 65
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    Liquid water path and integrated water vapor over the tropical Atlantic during NARVAL-South (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-23
    Description: Products of liquid water path (LWP), rain water path (RWP) and integrated water vapor (IWV, also called precipitable water vapor (PWV)) are retrieved from microwave radiometer observations with auxiliary measurements from backscatter lidar and cloud radar. The nadir measurements were taken by the German High Altitude and Long range research aircraft (HALO) during the Next generation Advanced Remote sensing for VALidation campaign South (NARVAL-South) in December 2013. Products are provided over tropical Atlantic east of Barbados. This experiment provides column integrated quantities as seen from satellite perspective but with higher spatially resolution (about 1 km footprint) than available from microwave satellites.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 66
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    Liquid water path and integrated water vapor over the tropical Atlantic during NARVAL2 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-23
    Description: Products of liquid water path (LWP), rain water path (RWP) and integrated water vapor (IWV, also called precipitable water vapor (PWV)) are retrieved from microwave radiometer observations with auxiliary measurements from backscatter lidar and cloud radar. The nadir measurements were taken by the German High Altitude and Long range research aircraft (HALO) during the Next generation Advanced Remote sensing for VALidation campaign 2 (NARVAL2) in August 2016. Products are provided over tropical Atlantic east of Barbados. This experiment provides column integrated quantities as seen from satellite perspective but with higher spatially resolution (about 1 km footprint) than available from microwave satellites.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 67
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    The DTU quasi-geoid based on spherical FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-DTU2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-25
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-DTU2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation was performed by the GRAVSOFT package in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure. XGM2016 was used up to degree and order 360 as global gravity model, and SRTM v4.1 was used for the residual terrain reductions at 3″ resolution for both airborne and terrestrial data, computed from a 9″ mean model. The linear Prey term approximation was applied for the harmonic correction of surface gravity points below the mean elevation surface (Forsberg and Tscherning, 1981). The reduced airborne gravity data were downward continued and gridded, together with surface gravimetry, at the terrain surface using 3D Least-Squares Collocation with planar logarithmic covariance function (Forsberg, 1987). The resulting 1'x1' grid was converted to a residual quasi-geoid by spherical FFT, using a Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel, with a low-wavelength cut-off transition band at harmonic degrees 180-190, to keep the GOCE information unchanged up to this degree. Residual terrain effects and the XGM2016 contribution were restored to obtain the final gravimetric quasi-geoid. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 68
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    The DTU geoid based on spherical FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-DTU2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-25
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-DTU2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation was performed by the GRAVSOFT package in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure. XGM2016 was used up to degree and order 360 as global gravity model, and SRTM v4.1 was used for the residual terrain reductions at 3″ resolution for both airborne and terrestrial data, computed from a 9″ mean model. The linear Prey term approximation was applied for the harmonic correction of surface gravity points below the mean elevation surface (Forsberg and Tscherning, 1981). The reduced airborne gravity data were downward continued and gridded, together with surface gravimetry, at the terrain surface using 3D Least-Squares Collocation with planar logarithmic covariance function (Forsberg, 1987). The resulting 1'x1' grid was converted to a residual quasi-geoid by spherical FFT, using a Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel, with a low-wavelength cut-off transition band at harmonic degrees 180-190, to keep the GOCE information unchanged up to this degree. Residual terrain effects and the XGM2016 contribution were restored to obtain the final gravimetric quasi-geoid, and the geoid was obtained by adding the classical separation term (Heiskanen and Moritz, 1967). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.7 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 69
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    CCAFS-CMIP5 Delta Method Downscaling for monthly averages and bioclimatic indices of four RCPs (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-26
    Description: We developed a global dataset of downscaled future projections developed by applying a statistical method for climate model downscaling and bias correction. To develop the dataset, we applied the delta method, which comprises the sum of interpolated anomalies of each GCM to the WorldClim 1-km spatial resolution dataset. The GCMs were the 35 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models, for four representative concentrations pathways (RCPs). For each of these, we used the 30-year future periods named as 2030s (mean of 2020-2049), 2050s (2040-2069), 2070s (2060-2089) and 2080s (2070-2099) with three climate variables (mean monthly maximum and minimum temperatures and monthly rainfall). From these, we also derive a set of bioclimatic indices.
    Type: experiment
    Format: ESRIarcinfoGrid.ascii.zip
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  • 70
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    The GSI-DTU quasi-geoid based on the UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme for the Colorado Experiment: ColUNBSH-GSI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColUNBSH-GSI2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) in cooperation with the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109°W ≤ longitude ≤ 103°W, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne gravity data are combined and gridded by least-squares collocation with the planar logarithmic covariance model. The resulting grid of free-air gravity anomalies is converted into Helmert gravity anomalies by applying the spherical topographic reduction and the analytical downward continuation with Helmert's second method of condensation. The computation method is based on the remove-compute-restore technique, using XGM2016 up to degree and order 719 as the reference global gravity model. In particular, the geoid model is computed by Stokes integration of residual Helmert gravity anomalies with the hybrid Meissl-Molodensky modified spheroidal Stokes kernel (UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme). Finally, the quasi-geoid model is obtained by subtracting the classical geoid/quasi-geoid separation term from the geoid model. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.9 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 71
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    The NGS geoid based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColSHAWG-NGS2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSHAWG-NGS2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the US National Geodetic Survey (NGS). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation method is based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme. The airborne gravity data are combined with the reference model xGEOID17RefB to produce an enhanced reference spherical harmonic model. This model is then used in a remove-compute-restore procedure, computing residual height anomalies from terrestrial gravity data by using the Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel (truncation degree equal to 980), also including the g1 term because of rugged mountains. Finally, the geoid undulations are obtained by adding the geoid/quasi-geoid separation term (based on the simple Bouguer anomalies) to the computed height anomalies. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.3 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical harmonic analysis scheme ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 72
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    The NGS quasi-geoid based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColSHAWG-NGS2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSHAWG-NGS2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the US National Geodetic Survey (NGS). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation method is based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme. The airborne gravity data are combined with the reference model xGEOID17RefB to produce an enhanced reference spherical harmonic model. This model is then used in a remove-compute-restore procedure, computing residual height anomalies from terrestrial gravity data by using the Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel (truncation degree equal to 980), also including the g1 term because of rugged mountains. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.3 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical harmonic analysis scheme ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 73
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    The geometric geoid of Guayaquil Canton: GEOID-GUAYAQUIL2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The GEOID-GUAYAQUIL2021 model for the rural area of the Guayaquil Canton in Ecuador was calculated by the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador. It is based on a non-conventional technique, such as Cokriging (Goovaerts, 1997), through the combination of GPS data/differential leveling and a densely sampled auxiliary variable. The GPS satellite positioning was performed using the Static Differential method through dual-frequency receivers in each point; regarding the level heights they were obtained by second-level differential leveling. The geoid undulation from the EGM2008 model with spatial resolutions of 1 arc min was proposed as an auxiliary variable for the interpolation of geodetic undulation in combination with dispersed GPS data (Odera and Fukuda, 2015). Ordinary, Residual and Universal Cokriging and Kriging techniques were used and their results were compared to select the best for achieving accuracy. In particular, a “split-off” validation was performed by excluding a subset of data, repeating the processing, and then comparing the results with the one obtained with the full dataset. This validation yielded that the solution based on Universal Cokriging was the most accurate with an RMSE of 8 cm and RSR of 0.0282, obtained just with 66 samples (20% of the dataset). This model is presented as a practical alternative for obtaining level heights for various geoscience applications. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Universal Cokriging ; Guayaquil Canton ; Ecuador ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 74
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    HBM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of high resolution atmospheric nitrogen deposition by CMAQ (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed for the year 2012 covering the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Only data for the western Baltic Sea are provided here. The model output has been validated in Neumann et al. (2018a, doi: 10.5194/os-2018-71). The work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, FKZ 50EW1601, https://www.io-warnemuende.de/meramo-en.html). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A). The model simulation was forced by operational meteorological data of the German Weather Service (DWD). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of high spatial resolution of 4x4 km2 were provided by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht within the EU BONUS SHEBA Project (Karl et al., 2019, doi: 10.5194/acp-2018-1317). Information on the riverine inputs, boundary conditions, and the model itself are provided in detail in Neumann et al. (2018b, doi: 10.5194/bg-2018-364). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of shipping-related nitrogen has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, 10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as nitrogen content from shipping-related activities. The concentrations of all prognostic biogeochemical model variables are given in nitrogen units according to the Redfield ratio.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 75
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    HBM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of medium resolution atmospheric nitrogen deposition by CMAQ (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed for the year 2012 covering the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Only data for the western Baltic Sea are provided here. The model output has been validated in Neumann et al. (2018a, doi: 10.5194/os-2018-71). The work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, FKZ 50EW1601, https://www.io-warnemuende.de/meramo-en.html). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A). The model simulation was forced by operational meteorological data of the German Weather Service (DWD). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of medium spatial resolution of 16x16 km2 were provided by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht within the EU BONUS SHEBA Project (Karl et al., 2019, doi: 10.5194/acp-2018-1317). Information on the riverine inputs, boundary conditions, and the model itself are provided in detail in Neumann et al. (2018b, doi: 10.5194/bg-2018-364). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of shipping-related nitrogen, agricultural-related nitrogen, and total nitrogen has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, 10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist four times in the output: once as regular variables and once per tagged nitrogen source (total, shipping-related, agricultural-related). The concentrations of all prognostic biogeochemical model variables are given in nitrogen units according to the Redfield ratio.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 76
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    HBM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of atmospheric nitrogen deposition by EMEP (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed for the year 2012 covering the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Only data for the western Baltic Sea are provided here. The model output has been validated in Neumann et al. (2018a, doi: 10.5194/os-2018-71). The work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, FKZ 50EW1601, https://www.io-warnemuende.de/meramo-en.html). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A). The model simulation was forced by operational meteorological data of the German Weather Service (DWD). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of 50x50 km2 spatial resolution were taken from the 2016 reporting of the European Measurement and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) as presented in EMEP (2016, url: http://emep.int/publ/reports/2016/EMEP_Status_Report_1_2016.pdf) and available from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute (2016, http://thredds.met.no/thredds/catalog/data/EMEP/2016_Reporting/catalog.html). Information on the riverine inputs, boundary conditions, and the model itself are provided in detail in Neumann et al. (2018b, doi: 10.5194/bg-2018-364). The concentrations of all prognostic biogeochemical model variables are given in nitrogen units according to the Redfield ratio.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 77
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    Total organic carbon content of North Sea surface sediments (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: purpose: This map shows the total organic carbon content (TOC) of surface sediments in the North Sea. It was produced by interpolation of legacy data from more than 3000 samples collected between 1960 and 2014. The distribution of this map allows the user to visualize an important marine habitat characteristic and to exploit the dataset for ecological and biogeochemical modelling. abstract: Weight percent total organic carbon (TOC) is one of the most commonly used descriptors for marine sediments. It is used to judge primary productivity of the overlying water column and refers to the amount of organic matter preserved within sediment. TOC has a major influence on biogeochemical processes occurring in sediments, including the regulation of the behavior of the other chemical species such as metals and organic pollutants. Therefore, determination of TOC is an essential component of environmental characterization analysis.This map conveys information on the weight percent TOC of seabed sediments in the North Sea. It has been produced with multivariate geostatistics (external drift kriging) using the percentage mud content as a trend variable. The underlying data set is a compilation of over 3,000 sediment samples from many national and European surveys conducted between 1960 and 2014. Due to the vintage of some samples in the database, users are advised to consider the dynamic nature of the seafloor when using the data and when creating derived surrogate based habitat maps. Also, due to the diversity of sources for the point data, users should be aware of the differing methods by which the TOC analyses were conducted. As a consequence, map confidence is not necessarily uniform and thus areas not always comparable, even though the interpolation surface may look continuous.
    Type: dataset_group
    Format: zip-file
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  • 78
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    The MPIC/DLR climate water vapor product (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: The MPIC/DLR "climate" water vapor product, developed within ESA's "GOME Evolution" project, provides a consistent time series of monthly mean H2O columns from the satellite instruments GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 (MetopA). Consistency amongst the different instruments (including cloud treatment) is substantially improved by (1) merging SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 observations to GOME pixel size, and (2) reducing the GOME-2 swath width to GOME/SCIAMACHY swath, thereby mimicking GOME-like observation conditions for all three sensors. WARNING: Version 1.0 is based on spectral analysis settings which have slightly changed during the GOME-2 timeseries, introducing a small but clear "jump" in the TCWV timeseries at the turn of the years 2012/2013. This version should not be used any more! Use version 〉2.2 instead! doi:10.1594/WDCC/GOME-EVL_water_vapor_clim_v2.2
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 79
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    WASCAL WRF12km with GFDL-ESM r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 historical experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_gfdlesm_historical experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12 km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 80
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    WASCAL WRF12km with MPI-ESM MR r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 historical experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_mpiesm_historical experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 81
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    WASCAL WRF12km with MPI-ESM MR r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 RCP4.5 experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses the data from the WRF60_mpiesm_rcp45 experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 82
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    North Sea Biogeochemical Climatology (Version 1.1) (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This is Version 1.1 of a biogeochemical climatology in the wider North Sea region. It is an expansion of the NOWESP data base („North Western European Shelf Programme“; Laane et al., 1996) and the KLIWAS North Sea Climatology of Hydrographic Data (Bersch et al., 2013). The data collection comprises observations of the parameters ammonium, chlorophyll-a, nitrate(+nitrite), phosphate, oxygen and silicate for the time period 1960-2014. If accompanying the biogeochemical parameters, temperature and salinity were also included in the collection.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 83
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    Ocean Rainfall And Ice-phase precipitation measurement Network - OceanRAIN-M (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: OceanRAIN version 1.0, OceanRAIN-M - Number Concentration Particle Size Distribution and Precipitation Microphysics, 37 along-track parameters plus 128 size bins for 8 ships, 692.000 precipitation minutes in total, temporally discontinuous data for each ship, 1-minute-resolution
    Type: experiment
    Format: ascii
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 84
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    High Resolution Atmospheric Forcing Fields (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: High RESolution Atmospheric Forcing Fields (HiResAFF) consist of key meteorological variables on daily scale which are typically used to drive ocean or ecosystem models. The fields are reconstructed through non-linear statistical upscaling using the analog-method (Schenk and Zorita, 2012). The method resamples atmospheric fields from a regional climate model (RCAO/RCA3) in time based on the best pattern similarity in the predictor space of homogenous historical station data since 1850. The dataset provides physically consistent homogeneous atmospheric fields suitable to derive long-term simulations and statistical analysis since 1850 over the North Sea and Baltic Sea region of Europe. The analog-method and reconstruction skill is described in Schenk and Zorita (2012) and the extended dataset to 1850 in Schenk (2015). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 217246 made with the joint Baltic Sea research and development programme BONUS, and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (03F0492A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 85
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    WOCE-Argo Global Hydrographic Climatology (WAGHC Version 1.0) (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: The WOCE/ARGO Global Hydrographic Climatology (WAGHC) is concieved as the update of the previous WOCE Global Hydrographic Climatology (WGHC) (Gouretski and Koltermann, 2004). The following improvements have been made compared to the WGHC: 2) finer spatial resolution (0.25 degrees Lat/Lon compared to 0.5 degrees for WGHC); 3) finer vertical resolution (65 compared to 45 WGHC standard levels); 4) monthly temporal resolution compared to the all-data-mean WGHC parameters; 5) narrower overall time period; 6) calculation of the mean year corresponding to the optimally interpolated temperature and salinity values; 7) depth of the upper mixed layer. Similar to the WGHC the optimal spatial interpolation is performed on the local isopycnal surfaces. This approach diminishes the production of the artificial water masses. In addition to the isopycnally interpolated parameters parameter values interpolated on the isobaric levels are also provided. The monthly gridded vertical profiles extend to the depth of 1898 m, below only annual mean parameter values are available. Additionally, there is a dataset and a map available providing indexes for selected regions of the world ocean. Finally, the comparison with the last update of the NOAA World Ocean Atlas (Locarnini et al, 2013) was done.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 86
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    WASCAL WRF12km with ERA-INT forcing as control experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment uses the data from the WRF60_eraint_ctrl experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12km resolution by the regional model, WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. The 'control'-run is a reanalysis of observed data similar to an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 87
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    WASCAL WRF12km with GFDL-ESM r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 RCP4.5 experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses the data from the WRF60_gfdlesm_rcp45 experiment as forcing data for downscaling to 12 km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 12 km resolution of this experiment is the second step of the two step downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 88
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    COSMO-CLM simulation for Bohai, Yellow and East China Sea for 1979 - 2013 (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: COSMO-CLM simulation for Bohai, Yellow and East China Sea: System Analysis and Modelling Group at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Centre for Materials and Coastal Research (referred to hereinafter as data producer) has computed the regional climate simulation. By making these data available, the data producer wishes to stimulate and support climate change and impact research projects. The data producer is aiming to make the results produced on the basis of these data available on its website and in publications as part of an international overview of regional climate change research. All interested users will have access to the simulation data being calculated with high resolution both in space and time. The data were computed at the German Climate Computing Centre (DKRZ) in Hamburg using the regional climate model COSMO-CLM. The simulations were carried out with support by the China Scholarship Council, the Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM and the CLM community.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 89
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    WASCAL WRF60km with HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 historical experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 historical' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with HadGEM forcing refer to a calendar with 360 days. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 90
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    WASCAL WRF60km with GFDL-ESM r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 RCP4.5 experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses 'CMIP5 GFDL r1i1p1 rcp45' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 91
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    WASCAL WRF60km with MPI-ESM_MR r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 historical experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 MPIESM r1i1p1 historical' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 92
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    Unknown
    WASCAL WRF60km with HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 RCP4.5 experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses 'CMIP5 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 rcp45' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with HadGEM forcing refer to a calendar with 360 days. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    WASCAL WRF60km with MPI-ESM_MR r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 RCP4.5 experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment (2006-2100) uses 'CMIP5 MPIESM r1i1p1 rcp45' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'rcp45' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - future projection (2006-2300) forced by RCP4.5. Experiment design: https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with MPIESM forcing refer to a Gregorian calendar. The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 94
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    North Sea Biogeochemical Climatology (Version 1.0) (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: Note: Do not use use this version any more, use version 1.1 instead! https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/NSBClim_v1.1 This is the first version of a biogeochemical climatology in the wider North Sea region. It is an expansion of the NOWESP data base („North Western European Shelf Programme“; Laane et al., 1996) and the KLIWAS North Sea Climatology of Hydrographic Data (Bersch et al., 2013). The data collection comprises observations of the parameters ammonium, chlorophyll-a, nitrate(+nitrite), phosphate, oxygen and silicate for the time period 1960-2014. If accompanying the biogeochemical parameters, temperature and salinity were also included in the collection.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 95
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    Unknown
    The GOME-Evolution total column water vapor "climate" product (version 2.1) (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: The "climate" water vapor product developed within ESA's "GOME-Evolution" project provides a consistent time series of monthly mean global maps of total column water vapor derived from the satellite instruments GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 (Metop-A). Consistency amongst the different instruments (including cloud treatment) is substantially improved by (1) merging SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 observations to GOME pixel size, and (2) reducing the GOME-2 swath width to GOME/SCIAMACHY swath, thereby mimicking GOME-like observation conditions for all three sensors. Use version 〉2.2 instead! doi:10.1594/WDCC/GOME-EVL_water_vapor_clim_v2.2
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 96
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    Database with remote-sensing-reflectances from Radiative Transfer Modelling (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: The data are results from radiative transfer simulations from 390 to 1020 nm in 1nm resolution. They can be convoluted to any ocean colour instrumental spectral response function and therefore represent satellite based aircraft- or groundbased measurements of the remote sensing reflectance. The data is simulated with the radiative transfer code MOMO (Matrix Operator Model), which simulates the full radiative transfer in atmosphere and ocean. The code is hosted at the institute of space sciences at Freie Universität Berlin and is not pubicly available. In addition to molecular Rayleigh scattering one maritime aerosol scatterer is considered. The data is available for 9 solar, 9 viewing zenith and 25 azimuth angles. The remote sensing reflectance is simulated in dependency of IOPs representing pure water with different salinities and 5 water constituents (Chlorophyll-a-pigment, Detritus, Yellow substance, a ’big’ and a ’small’ scatterer) in a global range of concentrations. The IOPs are varied independently. The grid points for each IOP where choosen in order to reproduce the full relation between this particular IOP and the resulting remote sensing reflectance.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 97
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    WASCAL WRF60km with GFDL-ESM r1i1p1 forcing from the CMIP5 historical experiment (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This experiment uses 'CMIP5 GFDL r1i1p1 historical' forcing data for downscaling to 60km resolution by the regional model WRFV3.5.1 for the region of West Africa. 'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical) - Version 1: Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Experiment design:https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/Entry.jsp?acronym=Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf . This experiment is divided into several time slices of 11 years. The first year of each time slice is used as a spin-up phase and should not be used in the analysis. All experiments with GFDL forcing refer to a calendar with 365 days (noleap). The 60 km resolution of this experiment is an intermediate step to the 12km downscaling WRF experiment.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 98
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    ECOSMO II hindcast simulations for the North Sea and Baltic Sea (1948-2008) (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: Regional simulation with the fully coupled physical-biogeochemical model ECOSMO II. Model details and setup specifications are described in Daewel and Schrum (2013). The basis for ECOSMO II is a baroclinic hydrodynamic coupled sea-ice model (Schrum and Backhaus, 1999), which is coupled to a lower trophic level ecosystem NPZD-model. The experiment contains hindcast simulations for the coupled North Sea and Baltic Sea ecosystem for the period 1948-2008 forced by the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (Kalnay et al., 1996). The spatial resolution is 6’ x 10’ in the horizontal and 20 layers in the vertical. The data-set contains daily averaged data. Data for biological, physical and ice variables are stored in separate files. The 3d model grid is defined in ECOSMOII_NCEP.1948-2008.dm.griddef.000000.nc (https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/cerasearch/entry?acronym=ECOSMOII_NCEP_griddef ), which contains information on vertical layer thickness in each model grid-box. The output format is netCDF.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 99
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    Mud content of North Sea surface sediments (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: abstract: In grain size analysis, the proportion of particles with a diameter of less than 63 µm is commonly referred to as the mud content of a sediment sample. The mud content is an important biophysical variable that often can be mapped with a quantifiable correspondence to organic matter, contaminants and the occurrence of benthic species and assemblages. Thismap conveys information on the percentage mud content of seabedsediments in the North Sea. It has been produced with multivariate geostatistics (external drift kriging) using water depth as a trend variable. The underlying data set is a compilation of over 30,000 sediment samples from many national and Europaen surveys conducted over a period of more than 50 years. Due to the vintage of some samples in the database, users are advised to consider the dynamic nature of the seafloor when using the data and when creating derived surrogate based habitatmaps. Also, due to the diversity of sources for the pointdata, users should be aware of the differing methods by which the grain size analyses were conducted. As a consequence, map confidence is not necessarily uniform and thus areas not always comparable, even though the interpolation surface may look continuous. purpose: The map shows the percentage mud content (silt + clay) of surface sediments in the North Sea predicted by interpolation of legacy grain size distribution data. It has been produced to aid in describing physical habitat characteristics and to supply consistent baseline data and boundary conditions for ecological and biophysical modelling.
    Type: dataset_group
    Format: zip-file
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  • 100
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    Median grain size of North Sea surface sediments (2017)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: purpose: The map shows the median grain size (or d50) of surface sediments in the North Sea predicted by interpolation of legacy grain size distribution data. It has been produced to aid in describing physical habitat characteristics and to supply consistent baseline data and boundary conditions for ecological and biophysical modelling. abstract: In grain size analysis, the median is the midpoint of the cumulative particles size distribution curve of a sediment sample. The median grain size is an important biophysical variable that relates to sediment stability and often can be mapped with a quantifiable correspondence to the occurrence of benthic species and assemblages. This map conveys information on the median grain size of seabed sediments in the North Sea. It has been produced with multivariate geostatistics (external drift kriging) using the percentage mud content as a trend variable. The underlying data set is a compilation of over 30,000 sediment samples from many national and European surveys conducted over a period of more than 50 years. Due to the vintage of some samples in the database, users are advised to consider the dynamic nature of the seafloor when using the data and when creating derived surrogate based habitat maps. Also, due to the diversity of sources for the pointdata, users should be aware of the differing methods by which the grain size analyses were conducted. As a consequence, map confidence is not necessarily uniform and thus areas not always comparable, even though the interpolation surface my look continuous.
    Type: dataset_group
    Format: zip-file
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA DKRZ
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