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  • Chemistry  (13,707)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (1,343)
  • pharmacokinetics  (166)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (13,706)
  • Springer  (167)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • De Gruyter
  • IntechOpen
  • transcript Verlag
  • 2020-2024
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (13,873)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1984  (6,841)
  • 1982  (7,032)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2020-2024
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (13,873)
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partial purification and characterization of the bone resorption factor fromActinomyces viscosus (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bacterial amphophile ; Purification ; Chemistry ; Resorption ; Ca influx ; Cyclic AMP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The bone resorptive factor and amphipathic antigen (AcA) previously identified by us in preparations fromActinomyces viscosus have been partially purified, characterized chemically, and compared. They elute at the same location on chromatography with Ac 22. The fatty acid composition of AcA and the bone resorptive factor is the same. Some differences in carbohydrate composition are observed. TheActinomyces factor does not affect calcium influx or cyclic AMP in isolated bone cells. Therefore it is concluded that AcA stimulates resorption either by gaining entrance into bone cells or by way of a yet undetermined second messenger.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411208
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolmesoxide in essential hypertensives (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 287-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: tolmesoxide ; hypertension ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tolmesoxide is a new, direct-acting vasodilator drug for use in the management of both hypertension and cardiac failure. In 6 essential hypertensives inadequately controlled by combined β-blocker and diuretic therapy (average supine blood pressure 178/103 mm Hg) the addition of tolmesoxide (300–900 mg daily) was associated with a significant improvement in blood pressure control (average supine blood pressure 161/89 mmHg). The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolmesoxide have also been studied because, particularly at higher doses, the drug has been associated with upper gastrointestinal upset and it has been empirically recommended that it be taken with food. The blood pressure and heart rate responses were not significantly different when tolmesoxide was taken fasting or with food. Food resulted in a significant reduction in the peak plasma tolmesoxide concentration (2.14 µg/ml compared to 2.97 µg/ml) and a significant increase in the time to reach peak plasma concentration (1.67 h compared to 0.63 h). Although there was no impairment of its hypotensive effect, food significantly altered the pharmacokinetics of tolmesoxide and may therefore be useful in reducing the gastrointestinal disturbance associated with its use. In the treatment of inadequately controlled hypertension, tolmesoxide has a limited role as an alternative vasodilator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637615
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of a high dose of piretanide in renal failure (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: piretanide ; renal failure ; high dose ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of piretanide was studied in patients with renal failure. After oral administration of a high dose of piretanide (96 mg), the pharmacokinetic parameters were: elimination rate constant 0.346±0.072 h−1, half life 2.00±0.35 h, and total plasma clearance 119.55±35.90 ml · min−1. Compared to the values obtained in adults with normal renal function, these results show a decrease in total plasma clearance, but conservation of the metabolic clearance which amounts to 45% of the total clearance in the healthy adult.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637618
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ergotamine in patients suffering from migraine (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 397-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ergotamine ; migraine ; radioimmunoassay ; clinical effects ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The systemic availability of ergotamine after a single therapeutic oral or rectal dose was studied using a radioimmunoassay during the headachefree state in 24 patients suffering from migraine. Plasma concentrations of the drug were compared with anamnestic data about its clinical effects in the same patients. Among 12 patients with a good therapeutic response to medication, the mean plasma ergotamine levels stayed in the range 0.20 to 0.50 ng/ml for 6h. Their mean plasma levels at 30 min (0.33ng/ml) and 1h (0.40ng/ml) were significantly higher than those (0.06 and 0.08ng/ml, respectively) in 9 patients with only a moderate therapeutic response. In 9 patients with a moderate and 3 with a poor therapeutic response, the mean plasma level generally stayed below 0.10ng/ml. The mean peak concentrations in moderate (0.13 ng/ml) and poor (0.11ng/ml) responders appeared later (at 3h) than in good responders (at 1h). Side effects of the medication appeared to be associated with relatively low plasma levels of ergotamine and also with delayed maximum plasma concentrations of the drug. The present results suggest that the time of the maximum plasma drug level is an important determinant of the clinical effects of ergotamine, and that a good therapeutic response may be expected if a plasma ergotamine level of 0.20ng/ml or more is achieved within 1 hour after oral or rectal administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542326
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difference between single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of orphenadrine hydrochloride in man (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 343-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: orphenadrine ; single dose ; multiple doses ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; N-demethylorphenadrine ; metabolism ; dog ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma concentrations of orphenadrine were measured by a specific gaschromatographic method in 5 healthy male volunteers after a single oral dose of orphenadrine hydrochloride 100mg. The single dose pharmacokinetic profile of orphenadrine was evaluated from these data. The elimination half-life ranged from 13.2–20.1 h after the commercial tablet formulation. Plasma concentrations, determined in volunteers and patients under different conditions of repeated oral administration of the same formulation of orphenadrine hydrochloride exceeded the theoretical values, predicted from the single dose pharmacokinetics, by a factor 2 to 3. The elimination half-lives after discontinuation of treatment showed a 2 to 3-fold increase over the single dose values. This demonstrates a clear discrepancy between the multiple and single dose pharmacokinetics of orphenadrine. Experiments in dogs suggested competition for biotransformation between orphenadrine and its metabolite N-demethylorphenadrine. Product inhibition of this type could explain the observed discrepancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637624
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of amoxycillin using open two and three-compartment models (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amoxycillin ; i.v. administration ; pharmacokinetics ; two- and three-compartment models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetic characteristics of amoxycillin were studied in healthy volunteers after intravenous injection of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1,000 mg, and infusion of 2 g and 5 g. Serum concentrations were fitted using either bi- and tri- exponentional equations. Comparison of the regression curves obtained revealed that the three-compartment model gave a better fit to the serum concentration versus time curve. It was evident that there was a third, slow, dose dependent phase of disposition. This result has been confirmed by the fact that the terminal half life of amoxycillin on cessation of a continuous infusion is significantly greater than after acute administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00545227
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of indapamide — A new antihypertensive drug (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 295-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: indapamide ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two formulations of indapamide tablets (2.5 mg) were given as a 5.0 mg dose and the subsequent blood levels were compared to those obtained after administration of a 5.0 mg solution. The study was conducted as a randomized three-way crossover design using healthy male volunteers. The drug was well tolerated by all the subjects involved. The area under the blood concentration versus time curve, extrapolated to infinity was essentially the same for all three formulations (4.2, 4.7, and 4.4 µg-h/ml). Statistical comparison of the blood levels from the two tablets showed that one tablet had a significantly greater maximum blood concentration (263 vs 231 ng/ml) and a significantly shorter time of maximum blood concentration (2.3 vs 3.5 h). Cmax (333 ng/ml) and tmax (0.7 h) values for the solution were significantly higher than either tablet. The average half-life (β-phase) for all three formulations was 15 h, while the average systemic clearance was 20 ml/min. Indapamide has a low clearance rate and there was no evidence that the drug undergoes a first-pass effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00548396
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of TRIS (hydroxymethyl-)aminomethane in healthy subjects and in patients with metabolic acidosis (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: TRIS buffer ; metabolic acidosis ; pharmacokinetics ; cellular uptake ; renal excretion ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the pharmacokinetics of TRIS, an infusion of the buffer was given to 6 healthy volunteers (121 mg/kg=1 mmol/kg; pH 7.4) and to 20 patients suffering from metabolic acidosis (109–376 mg/kg; pH 10.9). The drug exhibited two-compartment characteristics in volunteers (t0.5,β=5.6 h) and patients with intact renal function (t0.5,β=16.3–45.6 h). The final volume of distribution (Vβ) indicated uptake into tissues, but equilibration between body compartments was slow. Mainly unchanged TRIS was eliminated by the kidney; 82% of the administered dose was recovered from 24 h-urine of healthy subjects. In the patients a linear correlation between creatinine-clearance and TRIS-clearance was observed, the latter always being somewhat greater than the former. Only insignificant amounts of the drug were found in bile and gastric juice. In anuric patients the plasma concentration of TRIS declined monoexponentially, with a half-life between 10 and 58 h. Haemodialysis or haemofiltration did not influence this process. From the data it seems questionable whether cellular uptake of TRIS is an important factor in the therapy of intracellular acidosis, but the possibility of drug accumulation must be borne in mind if repeated doses are given to the same patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00545225
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of food on the kinetics of 8-methoxypsoralen in serum and suction blister fluid in psoriatic patients (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: psoriasis ; 8-methoxypsoralen ; food influence ; suction blister fluid ; serum ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food on the kinetics of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) in serum and suction blister fluid was evaluated in a cross-over study in 19 psoriatic patients under PUVA treatment. The peak serum concentration of 8-MOP was reached 1.5 h after ingestion on an empty stomach, and in suction blister fluid the maximum concentration was already present in the first sample taken after 2 h, the time when UVA radiation was given. The postprandial kinetics of 8-MOP in serum and suction blister fluid differed, the highest levels being reached, respectively, at 2.4 and 3 h after intake, i.e. in both body fluids after irradiation had started. The side effects of 8-MOP, such as nausea and dizziness, in the two groups were similar. The present results indicate that to optimize the therapeutic effect of PUVA in individual patients, 8-MOP should be given on an empty stomach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061380
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical pharmacology of a new β-adrenoceptor blocking drug, befunolol (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: befunolol ; propranolol ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamic effects ; beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Repeated doses of a new β-adrenoceptor blocking agent, befunolol, were administered orally to adult male volunteers for a cross-over comparison with propranolol. The β-adrenoceptor blocking activity of befunolol was greater than that of propranolol when assessed by the percentage reduction in exercise-induced tachycardia. The elimination half-life of drug was significantly prolonged on repeated administration of propranolol, but not of befunolol. The percentage reduction in exercise-induced tachycardia was highly correlated with the log plasma level of each drug. Both drugs produced a significant reduction in pre-exercise systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and significant attenuation of exercise-induced rise in systolic blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547552
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