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  • Gas chromatography  (24)
  • Springer  (24)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • 1980-1984  (24)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1981  (24)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (24)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (60)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (24)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemically modified teflon wall-coated open tubular columns for gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Teflon columns ; Chemically modified teflon ; Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Wall-coated open tubular columns prepared from chemically modified teflon tubing have been developed for gas chromatography. Chemical reaction of the inner walls of teflon tubing allows bonding of an adhesive layer on which a variety of stationary phaes can be coated. Test mixtures of alkanes and alcohols were used to investigate the chromatographic properties of these columns and the stability and mixing of the adhesive and stationary phae layers. the results in dicate that mixing of the layers is negligible and that the column is stable for a long period of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262057
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Herstellung von Glas-Kapillarsäulen für die Gas-Chromatographie (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 55-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns, glass ; Gas chromatography ; Column preparation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kapillar-Gas-Chromatographie ist heute das sich am stärksten entwickelnde Gebiet der Gas-Chromatographie. Es gibt viele komplexe, neue Fragestellungen in der Analytik, welche den Einsatz spezieller Kapillarsäulen erfordem. Glücklicherweise gibt es aber auch eine große Zahl von Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen, welche — noch mehr als bei der Herstellung von gepackten Säulen — eine Anpassung an die gestellten Aufgaben ermöglichen. In diesem Artikel werden die Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen zusammengestellt und Anregungen gegeben, wie aufgaben-orientierte Säulen erreicht werden.
    Notes: Summary Glass capillary column chromatography is the most rapidly growing part of gas chromatography. There are many complex new analytical tasks and they require special capillary columns, Fortunately there is a wide range of column preparation methods available, and they make the preparation of glass capillary columns a more varied job than that of packed columns. In this paper these methods are reviewed and suggestions are given for making task-oriented columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262064
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of phenylurea herbicides following catalytic hydrolysis on silica gel (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 579-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Urea herbicides ; Catalytic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the rapid catalytic hydrolysis of phenylurea herbicides on silica gel at elevated temperatures. After derivatisation of the anilines produced with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride final analysis is done on a gas chromatograph equipped with an electroncapture detector. Detection limits are in the 1–5 picogram range. The method has successfully been applied to residue analysis of water samples at the 1 ppb level. The determination of free anilines present in water samples and the potential of various techniques to be used to discriminate between free anilines and parent herbicides are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262887
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of water phenolic pollutants using acid-washed graphitised carbon black (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 86-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Graphitised carbon black ; Phenols ; Water pllutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The fractionation of eleven phenols which may be contaminants in drinking water has been accomplished by using acid-washed graphitised carbon black modified with trimesic acid and PEG 20 M.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279517
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel applications for headspace gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 447-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Headspace analysis ; Gas chromatography ; Residual analysis of polyethylene terephthalate ; Acetylene reduction assay ; Ethylene evolution in germinating seed ; Acetaldehyde generation in polyester resin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary New application areas for headspace gas chromatography in agricultural and polymer degradation research are described. Specific examples are drawn from the various forms of headspace analysis with emphasis on the automated static equilibrium method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263531
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The obstruction factor γ in gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 576-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Tortuosity factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The relationship between the obstructive factor γ and velocity was restudied. The dependence of the obstructive factor on velocity was verified. The effects of diffusion coefficient and particle-to-column diameter ratio on the obstructive factor-velocity relationship were investigated. The results are consistent with Hawkes' hypothesis that values of γ at low velocities are averages over tightly packed and loosely packed domains while at high velocities they are weighted in favour of the loosely packed domains where there is more flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262886
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blending bulk dissolution and gas-liquid-adsorption with the mixing of two liquid stationary phases to increase selectivity (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 648-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Gas-liquid adsorption ; Bulk solution ; Mixed stationary phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the blending of some retention effects can make the resolution of complex mixtures on short classical columns as effective as on capillary columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02291105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Headspace gas chromatographic determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in natural and waste water (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 699-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace analysis ; Aromatic hydrocarbons ; Water analyses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The possibilities of using headspace analysis of aromatic hydrocarbon traces in aqueous solutions with changing values of the partition coefficients are discussed. A variant of headspace analysis of the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon in natural and waste water is described. It involves two-step gaseous extraction of a sample in vessels of varying volume before and after the equilibrium phase is replaced with a pure gas (air or nitrogen). This method permits to analyse 5–50 ml water samples with benzene and toluene contents varying from the ppb to the ppm range within an error not exceeding 155. The analysis time is about 1.5 h. The presence of non-volatile organic or mineral substances does not influence the determination. This method is unsuitable to heterogeneous systems (aqueous oil emulsions): before carrying out the analysis for the hydrocarbon content these systems have to be homogenized first.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259458
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting reproducibility in the manufacture of glass and siliceous glass open tubular (capillary) columns (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 484-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Glass columns ; Fused-silica columns ; Column testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Column characteristics affecting the chromatographic behavior of glass and siliceous glass (“fused silica”) capillary columns include the dimensional uniformity of the column, the physical and chemical characteristics of the column wall and the characteristics of the liquid phase. In the case of the coated column the uniformity and thickness of the liquid phase film are the most important criteria affecting column reproducibility. The paper discusses these factors and their influence on column performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263539
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of complex industrial samples by gas chromatography; a report on selected past activities (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Quantitative analysis ; Copper oxide converter ; Inorganic gas analysis ; Determination of fluorine and oxygen ; Hydrocarbon analysis ; Wine analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A review of past activities concerning selected industrial analytical problems is given. This includes the following question: preparation of pure gas mixtures to be used for calibration, catalytic conversion of ester and pyridin samples to carbon dioxide and a one-point calibration method using peak heights, both for quantitative analysis, analysis of gas mixtures containing fluorine and inorganic fluorine compounds and the determination of the oxygen and fluorine content of the sample, separation and identification of hydrocarbons in shale oil and petroleum fraction samples, and analysis of wine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260153
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary gas chromatography of esters correlations between structure and retention index (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 143-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns ; Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of twenty different homologous series of esters have been determined experimentally on polar (Carbowax 1540) and non-polar (squalane) columns. General equations to calculate retention index have been established by statistical methods. The influence of the length and inductive effect of acid and alcohol chains and the relative position of the carboxylic group are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02314758
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kaolin as support for porous layer open tubular columns (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 285-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Porous layer open tubular columns ; Kaolin as support ; Column performance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary PLOT columns have been prepared with kaolin as the liquid phase support. These columns show good efficiency with different stationary phases and good thermal stability with polar phases. The performance of columns is shown by the separation of various mixtures such as fatty acids, phenols and anilines which are of analytical importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259267
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of xylidine isomers on heteroaromatic compounds by gas-liquid chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 39-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Xylidine isomers ; Heteroaromatic liquid phases ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Nicotinic acid and 1H-benzotriazole appreciably resolved all the xylidine (dimethylaniline) isomers, while benzimidazole, nicotinamide and phthalimide can also separate all the isomers except 2,4- and 2,3-xylidines. The analyses were carried out on supports which were not treated with an alkali.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262060
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed phases of Superox 20M and OV-1 in fused silica and glass capillary gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica capillaries ; Glass capillaries ; Mixed gum phases ; Polarity and selectivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mixed phases of Superox 20M and OV-1 can be coated homogeneously on the untreated wall of fused silica capillary columns. Excellent columns with regard to efficiency, inertness and thermal stability can be obtained. (CE〉95% and MAOT≥250°). The polarity and selectivity were ascertained with Rohrschneider-Reynolds probes and a capillary polarity test mixture. The analysis of an essential oil mixture illustrates the possibilities of mixed phases in practical capillary GC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259233
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of glass, quartz, and fused silica capillary column surfaces from contact-angle measurements (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 387-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Fused silica ; Contact angle ; Wettability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the systematic characterization of glass and the newly introduced fused silica and quartz capillary columns from surface wettability measurements. Common gas chromatographic stationary phases were used in capillary-rise measurements at temperatures up to 300°C. By construction of Zisman plots and using the Cassie equation, the relative surface concentrations of wettable and non-wettable groups were determined. By application of the Fowkes equation, the dispersion force component of the surface energy was investigated. The influence of various surface treatments such as leaching, silylation, and polymeric film formation are discussed. Wettability measurements were also used to evaluate the thermostability of various treated surfaces and to compare the surface properties of glass, quartz, and fused silica. The wettability of the surfaces with selected stationary phases as a function of temperature is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262872
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of average molecular polarizabilities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons directly from retention indices (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 707-708 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Average molecular polarizabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A significant correlation has been found between the retention indices of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on non-polar stationary phases and the average molecular polarizabilities of the molecules separated on these phases. Equations have been derived for the determination of the average molecular polarizabilities, directly from the retention indices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259460
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting the retention of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 69-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of a planar polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon on the GC phases OV-101, SE-52, and OV-17 is strictly related only to the boiling point, and less closely to the relative molecular mass. The very approximates relation with connectivity index ins only a consequence of the latter. On a nematic lqiuid crystal phase, a variation of activity coefficient, expressed in terms of a shape factor, also influences the retention of PAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279514
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of trace components in gases by gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Detector performance ; Trace analysis ; Catalytic conversion ; Multidimensional gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Relationships are derived describing how the detection limit of a chromatographic system depends on the minimum detectable limit of the detector and the chromatographic parameters such as column length, efficiency, carrier gas flow rate and the capacity factor. Performance data of detectors developed in the last 25 years at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are given and a few selected application examples are listed. These include trace analysis by preconcentration and by direct analysis and the utilization of multidimensional gas chromatography with two columns, two detectors, a 12-port valve, and a catalytic conversion reactor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259264
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A column packing for isothermal gas chromatographic analysis of C1−C5 paraffins and monoolefins and dimethyl ether (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 277-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; C1−C5 Hydrocarbons ; Dimethyl ether
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An analytical GC method was developed which uses a single packed column consisting of three packings in series prepared with the following liquid phases: dimethyl sulfolane, propylene carbonate, and silver nitrate. This system provides satisfactory resolution of mixtures of C1−C5 hydrocarbons and dimethyl ether obtained when converting methanol to gasoline. Due to the high capacity of the column it is possible to inject larger sample amounts permitting trace analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259265
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of phthalides from umbelliferae by combined liquid-solid and gas-liquid chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 452-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Phthalides ; Umbelliferae ; Liquid-solid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Ligustilide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A liquid-solid chromatographic pre-fractionation of naturally occurring phthalides has been developed. The LSC was carried out on a column of silica applying a 1–50% gradient elution of diethyl ether (containing 2% methanol) in pentane. The enrichment in the fractions led to better possibilities for a gas chromatographic separation and isolation allowing further studies by spectroscopic methods. Ligustilide may easily isomerize during GC as a result of ageing of the column.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263532
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic separation of ethanolamines and ethylene glycols without preliminary derivatization (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 601-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Ethanolamines ; Ethylene glycols ; Direct separation ; Gas chromatography ; Short glass capillaries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An effective and rapid GC separation of ethanolamines, even in the presence of ethylene glycols, using short glass capillary columns is developed. No preliminary derivatisation of the sample is necessary. The separation is completed in 6 minutes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262893
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of phenol in urine by enzymatic hydrolysis/headspace gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 507-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace ; Phenol ; Urine ; Enzymatic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method has been developed for the determination of phenol in urine in which the phenol conjugates are hydrolysed enzymatically and the liberated phenol is analysed by headspace chromatography. The results compare favourably with those obtained by the method of van Haaften and Sie in which acid hydrolysis is carried out in a heated GC precolumn. The enzymatic hydrolysis headspace technique appears to be very reliable and does not suffer from the disadvantages of precolumn acid hydrolysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265629
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on column characterization: A sulfur column (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 421-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid sulfur ; McReynolds' constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The McReynolds' constants for liquid sulfur as a stationary phase in gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) are presented. A simple graphical method of pattern analysis is used to indicate the uniqueness of the sulfur column as compared with other stationary liquid phases characterized by McReynolds. The limitations of using a single factor (as polarity) for the basis for the selection of GLC columns is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262878
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  • 24
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    Electronic Resource
    Trennung, Identifizierung und Bestimmung von Treibgasen und Lösungsmitteln in Aerosol-Produkten mittels Gas-Chromatographie (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 351-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Kováts retention indices ; Propellants ; Solvents ; Aerosol packs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A gas chromatographic method is described by which a nearly complete separation of all commonly used propellants and solvents and their identification and determination can be achieved in one step. The separation is by simple adsorption chromatography on columns packed with Porapak-T with a temperature program 100–180°C at 10°C/min. Kováts' retention indices have been calculated for isothermal conditions at 150°C respectively 100°C for the propellants, at 180°C for the solvents. An exact identification of the propellants and solvents by means of the Kováts' indices is practicable even in complex mixtures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine gas-chromatographische Methode angegeben, welche eine fast vollständige Auftrennung aller handelsüblichen Aerosol-Treibgase und Lösungsmittel und ihre Identifizierung und Bestimmung in einem Schritt gestatet. Die Trennung erfolgt durch reine Adsorptions-Chromatographie and Porapak T-Säulen bei 100–180°C mit einer Temperaturate von 10°C/min. Zur Bestimmung der Retentionsindices nach Kovats wurden die Treibgase isotherm bei 150°C bzw. 100°C, die Lösungsmittel bei 180°C aufgetrennt. Anhand der Kovats-Indices ist eine eindeutige Identifizierung der Treibgase und Lösungsmittel selbst in vielfältigen Gemischen möglich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259234
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