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  • Artikel  (46)
  • bioavailability  (25)
  • Autoradiography  (21)
  • Springer  (46)
  • Springer Nature
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (46)
  • 1981  (46)
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  • Artikel  (46)
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (46)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Incorporation of35S-sulphate in chick blastoderms during elongation and during shortening of the primitive streak (1981)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 190 (1981), S. 233-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Schlagwort(e): Sulphate ; Glycosaminoglycan ; Autoradiography ; Gastrulation ; Chick
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Chick blastoderms were cultured for 2 h in the presence of35S-sulphate. The distribution of the grains after light microscope autoradiography was compared in blastoderms during the elongation and during the shortening of the primitive streak. A uniform labeling was observed over the cells in both groups. Accumulation of grains was present in both groups at the ventral side of the upper layer, where transmission electron microscope studies have revealed a basal lamina. An additional accumulation of grains occurred over the cells and in the extracellular spaces of the head process and of the rostral part of blastoderms with shortening primitive streaks. This positivity could be correlated with the presence of ingressing and recently ingressed notochordal cells. Treatment of the sections with chondroitinase ABC and/or HNO2 before dipping in the nuclear emulsion demonstrated that at least chondroitin sulphate and N-sulphated heparan sulphate were present.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00848309
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of the intranuclear crystals in Scolopendrium vulgare (L.) SM (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 152 (1981), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Autoradiography ; Intranuclear crystals ; Nucleus, crystolo-Protein transfer-Pteridophytes ; Scolopendrium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Proteinaceous intranuclear crystals are found in the fern Scolopendrium vulgare. During mitosis these crystals are eliminated from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, where they are dissolved. New crystals appear in the nucleus. The site of synthesis of intranuclear crystal proteins was investigated using quantitative ultrastructural autoradiography after incubation with tritiated lysine. The results suggest a migration of cytoplasmic proteins to the nucleus, part of which would then be incorporated into the intranuclear crystals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391185
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of medigoxin in outpatients (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 251-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): medigoxin ; digoxin ; dissolution rate ; proportionality ; bioavailability ; prediction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We compared our ability to predict the dose of medigoxin and of digoxin required to achieve a fixed serum concentration (the dose requirement) in 33 outpatients. Preliminary work supported the assumptions that the steady state glycoside concentration achieved was proportional to the daily dose given to an individual, and that the bioavailability of the different tablet presentations was similar for either glycoside. We were not able to predict the dose requirement from patient characteristics with any more certainty for medigoxin than for digoxin. Not only the between-patient variability in dose requirement, but also the within-patient variability, was similar for the two glycosides. However the digoxin used had a dissolution rate of over 90% in 1 h. When comparing medigoxin with digoxin of lower, or more variable dissolution rate, medigoxin may be preferable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562801
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of dose on bioavailability of oral digoxin (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 53-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): digoxin ; bioavailability ; dose-dependency ; urinary excretion ; healthy volunteers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Nine healthy volunteers received single 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg doses of oral digoxin tablets in random sequence on five occasions separated by at least 4 weeks. Urinary excretion of immunoassayable digoxin was determined from 8 consecutive 24 h urine samples collected after each dose. Mean values of cumulative urinary excretion of digoxin at the 5 doses were: 40.9, 35.6, 36.4, 34.1, and 33.5% of the dose (F=0.64; d. f.=4.32; N. S.). Mean values of urinary excretion half-life were: 2.48, 2.03, 2.20, 2.07, and 1.87 days (F=2.87; d. f.=4.32;p=0.05). Thus, the bioavailability of orally administered digoxin tablets in healthy volunteers is dose-independent over an 8-fold range of doses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558384
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of diacetolol, the main metabolite of acebutolol (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): diacetolol ; acebutolol ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of diacetolol, the principal metabolite of acebutolol, were studied in 6 healthy subjects. Plasma concentrations were determined following a single intravenous injection of diacetolol 100 mg and three oral doses of diacetolol 100, 400 and 800 mg, in random order. The average oral bioavailability of diacetolol was F: 0.302±0.052 (100 mg), 0.363±0.052 (400 mg) and 0.426±0.068 (800 mg); the differences are not significant. The mean plasma half-life of the terminal phase, 7.94±0.26 h after intravenous administration, was significantly higher than after oral administration 12.27±1.00 h (100 mg), 12.82±1.59 h (400 mg) and 13.05±1.22 h (800 mg) (p〈0.02 to 0.05); the mean urine half-lives of the terminal phase were not significantly different. Renal clearance of diacetolol 10.2±0.81·h−1 represented about two-thirds of total body clearance 15.9±1.21·h−1. The results suggest either a first-pass effect or incomplete absorption of diacetolol after oral administration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562806
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bioavailability of ketoprofen in man with and without concomitant administration of aluminium phosphate (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 305-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): ketoprofen ; aluminium phosphate ; bioavailability ; antacid ; pharmacokinetics ; interaction study
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The purpose of this study was to determine whether a concomitant single dose of antacid (aluminium phosphate), or multiple doses of this antacid, administered prior to and with ketoprofen would alter the bioavailability of this non steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. The possible effects of aluminium phosphate were evaluated following administration of ketoprofen alone (Phase I), co-administration of antacid and ketoprofen (Phase II), and antacid for four days before administration of ketoprofen with co-administration on the day of the study (Phase III). There were no significant differences between treatment means for peak plasma concentration, time to peak plasma concentration, and area under the plasma concentration-time curve. The observed differences were due only to individual effects. The results indicate a lack of interaction between ketoprofen and the antacid aluminium phosphate (Phosphalugel)
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562809
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Human pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid, a new anti-inflammatory agent (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 359-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): tolfenamic acid ; anti-inflammatory agent ; human pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; intravenous administration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid, a new anti-inflammatory agent was studied in six healthy volunteers after an intravenous dose of 100 mg and oral doses of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg. The disposition of intravenous tolfenamic acid could be described by two-compartment open model, with a central compartment volume (Vdc) of 5.6±0.31 (mean±SE), volume during β-phase (Vdβ) of 31±21, and a total elimination rate constant (k10) 1.6±0.1 h−1. The terminal elimination half-life was 2.5±0.6 h and the total plasma clearance 155±15 ml/min. The elimination occured principally by extrarenal mechanisms, the recovery of unchanged drug together with is glucuronide in urine averaging only 8.8% of the intravenous dose. The binding of tolfenamic acid to plasma proteins averaged 99.7%. The gastrointestinal absorption had a mean half-life of 1.7±0.1 h. Based on comparison of areas under the plasma concentration time-curves after intravenous and oral administration, the biovailability of tolfenamic acid capsules averaged 60%. The rate and extent of absorption and the rate of elimination of tolfenamic acid were independent of dose.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544587
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tranexamic acid (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): tranexamic acid ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; oral absorption ; influence of food ; plasma clearance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Tranexamic acid 1 g was given intravenously to three healthy volunteers. Plasma concentrations decayed in three monoexponential phases. Most elimination took place during the first eight hours, giving an apparent elimination half-life of approximately two hours. Plasma clearance ranged between 110–116 ml/min. The urinary recovery of tranexamic acid exceeded 95% of the dose. Ten healthy volunteers were given tranexamic acid 2 g orally on an empty stomach, and together with a meal. Food had no influence on the absorption of tranexamic acid, as judged by comparison of the peak plasma concentration, the time required to reach the peak, the AUC from zero to six hours, and the urinary excretion data. The oral bioavailability of tranexamic acid, calculated from 24 h urinary excretion after oral and intravenous administration, was 34% of the dose.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554669
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of the bioavailability and potency of dexamethasone phosphate and sulphate in man (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): dexamethasone phosphate ; dexamethasone sulphate ; intravenous injection ; bioavailability ; pituitary-adreno-cortical suppression ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The metabolic fate and ACTH-supressant activity of two injectable dexamethasone esters, 21-phosphate and 21-sulphate, were studied in healthy men. After i.v. injection of 20 mg free steroid alcohol, dexamethasone phosphate was efficiently hydrolyzed to free dexamethasone, reaching its peak plasma concentration within 5 min. About 9% of the administered dose appeared in the urine as free dexamethasone. By contrast, virtually no free dexamethasone was found in plasma and urine after injection of dexamethasone sulphate. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that dexamethasone sulphate had a shorter plasma half-life and a higher metabolic clearance rate than free dexamethasone. A larger fraction (60%) of dexamethasone sulphate was rapidly excreted unmetabolized in urine. The plasma cortisol level was significantly suppressed for more than 24 h after dexamethasone phosphate, while the plasma cortisol profile after dexamethasone sulphate merely showed physiological circadian variations. When the steroid esters were injected after pretreatment with metyrapone, a definite suppression of plasma ACTH was noted after dexamethasone phosphate, but again, dexamethasone sulphate was ineffective. These results cast serious doubt on the clinical value of dexamethasone sulphate as an injectable glucocorticoid, and critical reevaluation of this preparation is needed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00618778
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Single-dose pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): metoclopramide ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; first-pass effect
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The time courses of plasma metoclopramide concentrations were followed in six subjects after oral and intravenous single dose administration. Plasma concentration-time data following i.v. administration in each subject were found to fit a two compartment model with a mean terminal half-life of 4.55 h±0.80 h and a mean distribution half-time of 0.35 h±0.09 h. Volumes of distribution were high (3.43±1.181 · kg−1), and clearances (0.53±0.191 · kg−1h−1) approached liver plasma flow. This suggests that metoclopramide occurs at higher concentrations in tissues than in plasma, and that its clearance is probably limited by liver blood flow rather than liver metabolic capacity. The post-absorption decline in metoclopramide plasma levels after oral administration was also biexponential in each subject. The terminal half-life was 5.17 h±0.98 h. Mean volume of distribution and mean clearance were similar to intravenous values (after adjustment for bioavailability). Oral absorption was rapid with peak plasma concentrations being reached at a mean time of 0.93 h. A mean bioavailability of 0.77 was calculated for the six subjects, and it was postulated that this incomplete availability is due to a first-pass effect. The inter-individual variation in the degree of ‘first-pass’ was considerable (0.47–1.14).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542101
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