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  • United States  (457)
  • Mice  (416)
  • Models, Biological  (138)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (987)
  • 2005-2009  (836)
  • 1980-1984  (151)
  • 2007  (378)
  • 2005  (458)
  • 1981  (151)
Collection
Keywords
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  • 2005-2009  (836)
  • 1980-1984  (151)
Year
  • 1
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    Phil Baran profile. Chemical high-flyer's strategy: take away the safety net (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1785-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Products/*chemical synthesis ; Chemistry, Organic/history/methods ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    U.S. nanotechnology. Health and safety research slated for sizable gains (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):926.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environment ; Financing, Government ; *Nanotechnology ; *Research Support as Topic ; Safety ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Positive regulation of Itk PH domain function by soluble IP4 (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-07
    Description: Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-mediated protein recruitment to cellular membranes is of paramount importance for signal transduction. The recruitment of many PH domains is controlled through production and turnover of their membrane ligand, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). We show that phosphorylation of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) into inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4) establishes another mode of PH domain regulation through a soluble ligand. At physiological concentrations, IP4 promoted PH domain binding to PIP3. In primary mouse CD4+CD8+ thymocytes, this was required for full activation of the protein tyrosine kinase Itk after T cell receptor engagement. Our data suggest that IP4 establishes a feedback loop of phospholipase C-gamma1 activation through Itk that is essential for T cell development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Yina H -- Grasis, Juris A -- Miller, Andrew T -- Xu, Ruo -- Soonthornvacharin, Stephen -- Andreotti, Amy H -- Tsoukas, Constantine D -- Cooke, Michael P -- Sauer, Karsten -- AR048848/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):886-9. Epub 2007 Apr 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17412921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; *Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Diglycerides/metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism ; Inositol Phosphates/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Lymphopoiesis ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Models, Biological ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Phospholipase C gamma/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; Second Messenger Systems ; Signal Transduction ; Solubility ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Plant science. Reproductive dialog (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCormick, Sheila -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 3;317(5838):606-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Gene Expression Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service-UC Berkeley, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA. sheilamc@nature.berkeley.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17673644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/enzymology/genetics/*physiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Crosses, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; Flowers/cytology/enzymology/*physiology ; Genes, Plant ; Ligands ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Phosphotransferases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Pollen Tube/growth & development/*physiology ; Reproduction ; Signal Transduction ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Science in Zimbabwe. Researchers struggle to adapt to economic, political turmoil (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koenig, Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 4;316(5825):684-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17478696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research/economics ; Emigration and Immigration ; Humans ; Inflation, Economic ; International Cooperation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Politics ; *Research/economics ; *Research Personnel ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; Zimbabwe
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Structural insight into pre-B cell receptor function (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-14
    Description: The pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) serves as a checkpoint in B cell development. In the 2.7 angstrom structure of a human pre-BCR Fab-like fragment, consisting of an antibody heavy chain (HC) paired with the surrogate light chain, the "unique regions" of VpreB and lambda5 replace the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) loop of an antibody light chain and appear to "probe" the HC CDR3, potentially influencing the selection of the antibody repertoire. Biochemical analysis indicates that the pre-BCR is impaired in its ability to recognize antigen, which, together with electron microscopic visualization of a pre-BCR dimer, suggests ligand-independent oligomerization as the likely signaling mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bankovich, Alexander J -- Raunser, Stefan -- Juo, Z Sean -- Walz, Thomas -- Davis, Mark M -- Garcia, K Christopher -- T32 AI007290/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 13;316(5822):291-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Complementarity Determining Regions/chemistry/physiology ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/chemistry/physiology ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/chemistry/physiology ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Surrogate ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry/physiology/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Pre-B Cell Receptors ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/*chemistry/physiology/ultrastructure ; Recombinant Proteins ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    A clonogenic bone marrow progenitor specific for macrophages and dendritic cells (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-03
    Description: Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for immune and inflammatory responses and belong to a network of cells that has been termed the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). However, the origin and lineage of these cells remain poorly understood. Here, we describe the isolation and clonal analysis of a mouse bone marrow progenitor that is specific for monocytes, several macrophage subsets, and resident spleen DCs in vivo. It was also possible to recapitulate this differentiation in vitro by using treatment with the cytokines macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Thus, macrophages and DCs appear to renew from a common progenitor, providing a cellular and molecular basis for the concept of the MPS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fogg, Darin K -- Sibon, Claire -- Miled, Chaouki -- Jung, Steffen -- Aucouturier, Pierre -- Littman, Dan R -- Cumano, Ana -- Geissmann, Frederic -- A133856/PHS HHS/ -- G0900867/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):83-7. Epub 2005 Dec 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM, Laboratory of Mononuclear Phagocyte Biology, Avenir Team, Necker Enfants Malades Institute, 75015 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Clone Cells ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/pharmacology ; Dendritic Cells/*cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Macrophages/*cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myeloid Progenitor Cells/*cytology/immunology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/analysis ; Receptors, Cytokine/analysis ; Receptors, HIV/analysis ; Recombinant Proteins ; Spleen/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Medicine. Initiative aims to merge animal and human health science to benefit both (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1553.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569833" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: American Medical Association ; Animals ; Humans ; *Interdisciplinary Communication ; *Medicine ; Societies ; United States ; *Veterinary Medicine ; Zoonoses
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Breakthrough of the year. Global warming, hotter than ever (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-22
    Description: Climate change, a perennial runner-up for Breakthrough of the Year, broke from the pack this year--both in the pages of this section and in the public arena.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- Kerr, Richard A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1846-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Greenhouse Effect ; Politics ; United Nations ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Regulation of hepatic stellate cell differentiation by the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: Differentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to extracellular matrix- and growth factor-producing cells supports liver regeneration through promotion of hepatocyte proliferation. We show that the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR, a tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member expressed in HSCs after fibrotic and cirrhotic liver injury in humans, is a regulator of liver repair. In mice, depletion of p75NTR exacerbated liver pathology and inhibited hepatocyte proliferation in vivo. p75NTR-/- HSCs failed to differentiate to myofibroblasts and did not support hepatocyte proliferation. Moreover, inhibition of p75NTR signaling to the small guanosine triphosphatase Rho resulted in impaired HSC differentiation. Our results identify signaling from p75NTR to Rho as a mechanism for the regulation of HSC differentiation to regeneration-promoting cells that support hepatocyte proliferation in the diseased liver.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Passino, Melissa A -- Adams, Ryan A -- Sikorski, Shoana L -- Akassoglou, Katerina -- 5T32-GM07752/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS051470/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30-NS047101/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1853-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Progression ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/*cytology ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor/metabolism ; Hepatocytes/*cytology ; Liver/*cytology/metabolism/pathology/physiology ; Liver Diseases/metabolism/*pathology ; *Liver Regeneration ; Mice ; Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Cell signaling. The art of the soluble (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Irvine, Robin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):845-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK. rfi20@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17495162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism ; Inositol Phosphates/*metabolism ; Lymphocytes/physiology ; Mice ; Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics/metabolism ; Second Messenger Systems ; *Signal Transduction ; Solubility
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Cell signaling. A ciliary signaling switch (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Christensen, Soren Tvorup -- Ott, Carolyn Marie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):330-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark. stchristensen@aki.ku.dk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17641189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cilia/*physiology ; Hedgehog Proteins/*metabolism ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Mice ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Sterols/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Museum management. Turnover at the top, but problems persist at the Smithsonian (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 6;316(5821):30-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17412923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administrative Personnel ; *Budgets ; Financing, Government ; *Museums ; Natural History ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Public health. 911.gov (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shneiderman, Ben -- Preece, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):944.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. ben@cs.umd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Disaster Planning ; *Disasters ; Government ; *Internet ; Telephone ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Metagenomics. Massive microbial sequence project proposed (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1781.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395803" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Environmental Microbiology ; Europe ; *Genetics, Microbial ; *Genome, Bacterial ; *Genomics ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Better use of existing knowledge (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Batich, Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1564.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Humans ; Iraq ; *Military Science ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Immunology. The sources of a lipid conundrum (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chun, Jerold -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 13;316(5822):208-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. jchun@scripps.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiology ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Lysophospholipids/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Mice ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/metabolism ; Propylene Glycols/pharmacology ; Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/metabolism ; Sphingosine/*analogs & derivatives/isolation & ; purification/pharmacology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Stability and diversity of ecosystems (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: Understanding the relationship between diversity and stability requires a knowledge of how species interact with each other and how each is affected by the environment. The relationship is also complex, because the concept of stability is multifaceted; different types of stability describing different properties of ecosystems lead to multiple diversity-stability relationships. A growing number of empirical studies demonstrate positive diversity-stability relationships. These studies, however, have emphasized only a few types of stability, and they rarely uncover the mechanisms responsible for stability. Because anthropogenic changes often affect stability and diversity simultaneously, diversity-stability relationships cannot be understood outside the context of the environmental drivers affecting both. This shifts attention away from diversity-stability relationships toward the multiple factors, including diversity, that dictate the stability of ecosystems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ives, Anthony R -- Carpenter, Stephen R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):58-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. arives@wisc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Extinction, Biological ; Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Evolution. Robot suggests how the first land animals got walking (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 9;315(5817):1352-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17347420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Extremities/innervation/physiology ; Mesencephalon/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Models, Neurological ; Muscle Contraction ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; *Robotics ; Salamandra/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; Swimming ; *Walking
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    Biomedicine. Every joint has a silver lining (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Firestein, Gary S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):952-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0656, La Jolla, CA 92093-0656, USA. gfirestein@ucsd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology/pathology/*therapy ; Cadherins/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Mice ; Synovial Membrane/*cytology/pathology
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    Astrobiology. Robot seeks new life--and new funding--in the abyss of Zacaton (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krajick, Kevin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 19;315(5810):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17234927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Archaea ; Bacteria ; Budgets ; *Ecosystem ; *Exobiology ; Hot Springs/*microbiology ; Jupiter ; Mexico ; Robotics/economics/*instrumentation ; Software ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/economics ; *Water Microbiology
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    Grants management. NSF survey of applicants finds a system teetering on the brink (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 17;317(5840):880-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17702914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conflict of Interest ; Data Collection ; Financing, Government ; *Peer Review, Research ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Environment meets health, again (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, Richard J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 9;315(5817):1337.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17347416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Child Welfare ; Ecology ; *Environment ; *Environmental Health ; Humans ; *Public Health ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Space. Columbus injects science into station (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clery, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 30;318(5855):1374-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18048666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research ; Europe ; *Research ; Space Flight ; *Spacecraft/economics ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; Weightlessness
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    Anatomy and dynamics of a supramolecular membrane protein cluster (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-25
    Description: Most plasmalemmal proteins organize in submicrometer-sized clusters whose architecture and dynamics are still enigmatic. With syntaxin 1 as an example, we applied a combination of far-field optical nanoscopy, biochemistry, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis, and simulations to show that clustering can be explained by self-organization based on simple physical principles. On average, the syntaxin clusters exhibit a diameter of 50 to 60 nanometers and contain 75 densely crowded syntaxins that dynamically exchange with freely diffusing molecules. Self-association depends on weak homophilic protein-protein interactions. Simulations suggest that clustering immobilizes and conformationally constrains the molecules. Moreover, a balance between self-association and crowding-induced steric repulsions is sufficient to explain both the size and dynamics of syntaxin clusters and likely of many oligomerizing membrane proteins that form supramolecular structures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sieber, Jochen J -- Willig, Katrin I -- Kutzner, Carsten -- Gerding-Reimers, Claas -- Harke, Benjamin -- Donnert, Gerald -- Rammner, Burkhard -- Eggeling, Christian -- Hell, Stefan W -- Grubmuller, Helmut -- Lang, Thorsten -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 24;317(5841):1072-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Gottingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/chemistry/*metabolism ; Chemistry, Physical ; Computer Simulation ; Diffusion ; Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Immunoblotting ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Models, Biological ; Nanotechnology ; PC12 Cells ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Syntaxin 1/*chemistry/*metabolism
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    Emergence of novel color vision in mice engineered to express a human cone photopigment (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-24
    Description: Changes in the genes encoding sensory receptor proteins are an essential step in the evolution of new sensory capacities. In primates, trichromatic color vision evolved after changes in X chromosome-linked photopigment genes. To model this process, we studied knock-in mice that expressed a human long-wavelength-sensitive (L) cone photopigment in the form of an X-linked polymorphism. Behavioral tests demonstrated that heterozygous females, whose retinas contained both native mouse pigments and human L pigment, showed enhanced long-wavelength sensitivity and acquired a new capacity for chromatic discrimination. An inherent plasticity in the mammalian visual system thus permits the emergence of a new dimension of sensory experience based solely on gene-driven changes in receptor organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, Gerald H -- Williams, Gary A -- Cahill, Hugh -- Nathans, Jeremy -- EY002052/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1723-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. jacobs@psych.ucsb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17379811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Color Perception/*genetics ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Electroretinography ; Female ; Genetic Engineering ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Mice ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Primates/genetics/physiology ; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Retinal Pigments/*genetics/*physiology ; X Chromosome/genetics ; X Chromosome Inactivation
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    Immunology. The shape of things to come (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fitzgerald, Katherine A -- Golenbock, Douglas T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1574-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. kate.fitzgerald@umassmed.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism ; *Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Glycolipids/chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Ligands ; Lipid A/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Antigen 96/*chemistry/metabolism ; Mice ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Interleukin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism
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    Signals from chloroplasts converge to regulate nuclear gene expression (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: Plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling coordinates nuclear gene expression with chloroplast function and is essential for the photoautotrophic life-style of plants. Three retrograde signals have been described, but little is known of their signaling pathways. We show here that GUN1, a chloroplast-localized pentatricopeptide-repeat protein, and ABI4, an Apetala 2 (AP2)-type transcription factor, are common to all three pathways. ABI4 binds the promoter of a retrograde-regulated gene through a conserved motif found in close proximity to a light-regulatory element. We propose a model in which multiple indicators of aberrant plastid function in Arabidopsis are integrated upstream of GUN1 within plastids, which leads to ABI4-mediated repression of nuclear-encoded genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koussevitzky, Shai -- Nott, Ajit -- Mockler, Todd C -- Hong, Fangxin -- Sachetto-Martins, Gilberto -- Surpin, Marci -- Lim, Jason -- Mittler, Ron -- Chory, Joanne -- DRG-1865-05/PHS HHS/ -- F32 GM 18172/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM 69090/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 4;316(5825):715-9. Epub 2007 Mar 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395793" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abscisic Acid ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Chloroplasts/*metabolism ; DNA, Plant/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Electron Transport ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes/genetics ; Lincomycin/pharmacology ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protoporphyrins/metabolism ; Pyridazines/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
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    Mosaic organization of neural stem cells in the adult brain (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: The in vivo potential of neural stem cells in the postnatal mouse brain is not known, but because they produce many different types of neurons, they must be either very versatile or very diverse. By specifically targeting stem cells and following their progeny in vivo, we showed that postnatal stem cells in different regions produce different types of neurons, even when heterotopically grafted or grown in culture. This suggests that rather than being plastic and homogeneous, neural stem cells are a restricted and diverse population of progenitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merkle, Florian T -- Mirzadeh, Zaman -- Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):381-4. Epub 2007 Jul 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurosurgery and Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0525, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615304" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*cytology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Astrocytes/cytology ; Brain/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Interneurons/cytology ; Lateral Ventricles/cytology ; Mice ; Neuroglia/cytology ; Neurons/*cytology ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Heterotopic
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    Structure of the membrane protein FhaC: a member of the Omp85-TpsB transporter superfamily (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-19
    Description: In Gram-negative bacteria and eukaryotic organelles, beta-barrel proteins of the outer membrane protein 85-two-partner secretion B (Omp85-TpsB) superfamily are essential components of protein transport machineries. The TpsB transporter FhaC mediates the secretion of Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA). We report the 3.15 A crystal structure of FhaC. The transporter comprises a 16-stranded beta barrel that is occluded by an N-terminal alpha helix and an extracellular loop and a periplasmic module composed of two aligned polypeptide-transport-associated (POTRA) domains. Functional data reveal that FHA binds to the POTRA 1 domain via its N-terminal domain and likely translocates the adhesin-repeated motifs in an extended hairpin conformation, with folding occurring at the cell surface. General features of the mechanism obtained here are likely to apply throughout the superfamily.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clantin, Bernard -- Delattre, Anne-Sophie -- Rucktooa, Prakash -- Saint, Nathalie -- Meli, Albano C -- Locht, Camille -- Jacob-Dubuisson, Francoise -- Villeret, Vincent -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 17;317(5840):957-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉UMR8161 CNRS, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Universite de Lille 1, Universite de Lille 2, 1 rue du Prof. Calmette, F-59021 Lille cedex, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17702945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adhesins, Bacterial/chemistry/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Bordetella pertussis/*chemistry/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Lipid Bilayers/chemistry/metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Transport ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella/chemistry/*metabolism
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    NIH funding: what does the future look like? (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Werner, Milton H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 13;316(5822):198-200; author reply 198-200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17436447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/economics ; *Financing, Government ; Forecasting ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research Personnel/supply & distribution ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Public science. Pilot NSF program flies into stiff community headwinds (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 30;318(5855):1365-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18048660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Community-Institutional Relations ; Pilot Projects ; *Science ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Emergent biogeography of microbial communities in a model ocean (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: A marine ecosystem model seeded with many phytoplankton types, whose physiological traits were randomly assigned from ranges defined by field and laboratory data, generated an emergent community structure and biogeography consistent with observed global phytoplankton distributions. The modeled organisms included types analogous to the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus. Their emergent global distributions and physiological properties simultaneously correspond to observations. This flexible representation of community structure can be used to explore relations between ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, and climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Follows, Michael J -- Dutkiewicz, Stephanie -- Grant, Scott -- Chisholm, Sallie W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1843-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 54-1514 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. mick@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomass ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; Light ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Oceans and Seas ; Phytoplankton/growth & development/*physiology ; Prochlorococcus/growth & development/*physiology ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Temperature
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    Molecular basis for the nerve dependence of limb regeneration in an adult vertebrate (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-03
    Description: The limb blastemal cells of an adult salamander regenerate the structures distal to the level of amputation, and the surface protein Prod 1 is a critical determinant of their proximodistal identity. The anterior gradient protein family member nAG is a secreted ligand for Prod 1 and a growth factor for cultured newt blastemal cells. nAG is sequentially expressed after amputation in the regenerating nerve and the wound epidermis-the key tissues of the stem cell niche-and its expression in both locations is abrogated by denervation. The local expression of nAG after electroporation is sufficient to rescue a denervated blastema and regenerate the distal structures. Our analysis brings together the positional identity of the blastema and the classical nerve dependence of limb regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696928/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696928/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kumar, Anoop -- Godwin, James W -- Gates, Phillip B -- Garza-Garcia, A Acely -- Brockes, Jeremy P -- G0600229/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600229(77696)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9537983/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9537983(56733)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U117574559/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 2;318(5851):772-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17975060" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD59/*physiology ; COS Cells ; Cells, Cultured ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Denervation ; Extremities/innervation ; Glycosylphosphatidylinositols/physiology ; Growth Substances ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/isolation & ; purification/*physiology/secretion ; Ligands ; Mice ; Notophthalmus viridescens ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology ; Regeneration/*physiology ; Stem Cells/*cytology ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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    Program evaluation. Researchers fault U.S. report critiquing education programs (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1267.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Education ; Program Evaluation/*standards ; *Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Budget policy. U.S. science adviser tells researchers to look elsewhere (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):817-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17495147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; Foundations ; *Fund Raising ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Retrospective: Arthur Kornberg (1918-2007) (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berg, Paul -- Lehman, I R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 7;318(5856):1564.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. pberg@cmgm.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biochemistry/*history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Nobel Prize ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Protein kinase C beta and prolyl isomerase 1 regulate mitochondrial effects of the life-span determinant p66Shc (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-03
    Description: The 66-kilodalton isoform of the growth factor adapter Shc (p66Shc) translates oxidative damage into cell death by acting as reactive oxygen species (ROS) producer within mitochondria. However, the signaling link between cellular stress and mitochondrial proapoptotic activity of p66Shc was not known. We demonstrate that protein kinase C beta, activated by oxidative conditions in the cell, induces phosphorylation of p66Shc and triggers mitochondrial accumulation of the protein after it is recognized by the prolyl isomerase Pin1. Once imported, p66Shc causes alterations of mitochondrial Ca2+ responses and three-dimensional structure, thus inducing apoptosis. These data identify a signaling route that activates an apoptotic inducer shortening the life span and could be a potential target of pharmacological approaches to inhibit aging.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pinton, Paolo -- Rimessi, Alessandro -- Marchi, Saverio -- Orsini, Francesca -- Migliaccio, Enrica -- Giorgio, Marco -- Contursi, Cristina -- Minucci, Saverio -- Mantovani, Fiamma -- Wieckowski, Mariusz R -- Del Sal, Giannino -- Pelicci, Pier Giuseppe -- Rizzuto, Rosario -- GGP05284/Telethon/Italy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 2;315(5812):659-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology and Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara, Ferrera, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17272725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; *Cell Aging ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclosporine/pharmacology ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Mutation ; Oxidative Stress ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/*metabolism ; Permeability ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Kinase C beta ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; *Signal Transduction
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Steven Koonin profile. Guiding an oil tanker into renewable waters (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clery, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):790.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes ; *Biotechnology ; *Energy-Generating Resources ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Industry ; *Petroleum ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Comment on "Dispersal limitations matter for microbial morphospecies" (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: Telford et al. (Brevia, 19 May 2006, p. 1015) reported that freshwater diatoms exhibit regional-scale richness-pH relationships that depend substantially on regional habitat availability. On this basis, the authors argued that, despite their microscopic size, diatoms are not ubiquitously dispersed. Here, I describe my demonstration that their primary evidence against the ubiquitous dispersal hypothesis is spurious.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pither, Jason -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1124; author reply 1124.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, BSW 310, 1041 East Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. pitherj@email.arizona.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; Diatoms/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environmental Microbiology ; Europe ; Fresh Water ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Models, Biological ; North America ; Water Microbiology
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    A sustainable future, if we pay up front (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clery, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):782-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Climate ; *Conservation of Energy Resources ; *Energy-Generating Resources ; Europe ; Fossil Fuels ; *Research ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Apoptosis initiated when BH3 ligands engage multiple Bcl-2 homologs, not Bax or Bak (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-10
    Description: A central issue in the regulation of apoptosis by the Bcl-2 family is whether its BH3-only members initiate apoptosis by directly binding to the essential cell-death mediators Bax and Bak, or whether they can act indirectly, by engaging their pro-survival Bcl-2-like relatives. Contrary to the direct-activation model, we show that Bax and Bak can mediate apoptosis without discernable association with the putative BH3-only activators (Bim, Bid, and Puma), even in cells with no Bim or Bid and reduced Puma. Our results indicate that BH3-only proteins induce apoptosis at least primarily by engaging the multiple pro-survival relatives guarding Bax and Bak.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willis, Simon N -- Fletcher, Jamie I -- Kaufmann, Thomas -- van Delft, Mark F -- Chen, Lin -- Czabotar, Peter E -- Ierino, Helen -- Lee, Erinna F -- Fairlie, W Douglas -- Bouillet, Philippe -- Strasser, Andreas -- Kluck, Ruth M -- Adams, Jerry M -- Huang, David C S -- CA43540/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA80188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):856-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein/metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/chemistry/*metabolism ; bcl-Associated Death Protein/metabolism ; bcl-X Protein/metabolism
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    Hardwiring the brain: endocannabinoids shape neuronal connectivity (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: The roles of endocannabinoid signaling during central nervous system development are unknown. We report that CB(1) cannabinoid receptors (CB(1)Rs) are enriched in the axonal growth cones of gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing (GABAergic) interneurons in the rodent cortex during late gestation. Endocannabinoids trigger CB(1)R internalization and elimination from filopodia and induce chemorepulsion and collapse of axonal growth cones of these GABAergic interneurons by activating RhoA. Similarly, endocannabinoids diminish the galvanotropism of Xenopus laevis spinal neurons. These findings, together with the impaired target selection of cortical GABAergic interneurons lacking CB(1)Rs, identify endocannabinoids as axon guidance cues and demonstrate that endocannabinoid signaling regulates synaptogenesis and target selection in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berghuis, Paul -- Rajnicek, Ann M -- Morozov, Yury M -- Ross, Ruth A -- Mulder, Jan -- Urban, Gabriella M -- Monory, Krisztina -- Marsicano, Giovanni -- Matteoli, Michela -- Canty, Alison -- Irving, Andrew J -- Katona, Istvan -- Yanagawa, Yuchio -- Rakic, Pasko -- Lutz, Beat -- Mackie, Ken -- Harkany, Tibor -- DA00286/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA015916/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA11322/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1212-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators/metabolism/*physiology ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/embryology/ultrastructure ; *Endocannabinoids ; Growth Cones/physiology/ultrasonography ; In Situ Hybridization ; Interneurons/metabolism/*physiology/ultrasonography ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists/*physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells/metabolism ; Synapses/physiology/ultrasonography ; Xenopus Proteins/physiology ; Xenopus laevis ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Blastocyst axis is specified independently of early cell lineage but aligns with the ZP shape (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-21
    Description: The mechanisms controlling the establishment of the embryonic-abembryonic (E-Ab) axis of the mammalian blastocyst are controversial. We used in vitro time-lapse imaging and in vivo lineage labeling to provide evidence that the E-Ab axis of the mouse blastocyst is generated independently of early cell lineage. Rather, both the boundary between two-cell blastomeres and the E-Ab axis of the blastocyst align relative to the ellipsoidal shape of the zona pellucida (ZP), an extraembryonic structure. Lack of correlation between cell lineage and the E-Ab axis can be explained by the rotation of the embryo within the ZP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kurotaki, Yoko -- Hatta, Kohei -- Nakao, Kazuki -- Nabeshima, Yo-Ichi -- Fujimori, Toshihiko -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 4;316(5825):719-23. Epub 2007 Apr 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446354" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*cytology/physiology ; Blastocyst Inner Cell Mass ; Blastomeres/*physiology ; Body Patterning ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Movement ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; *Embryonic Development ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Motion Pictures as Topic ; Rotation ; Zona Pellucida/physiology/*ultrastructure
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    PTSD and Vietnam Veterans (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frueh, B Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):184-7; author reply 184-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17225296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Psychometrics ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*psychology ; United States ; United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; Veterans/*psychology ; Veterans Disability Claims ; *Vietnam Conflict
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    U.S. 2007 budget. NSF enjoys a heartfelt ending to a difficult budget year (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1062-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17322033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/economics ; *Budgets ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    U.S. science policy. Report tells NSF to think more boldly (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 9;315(5817):1352-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17347421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Financing, Government ; Peer Review, Research ; *Research ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Relevance. Pharmacology in the high-school classroom (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kwiek, Nicole C -- Halpin, Myra J -- Reiter, Jerome P -- Hoeffler, Leanne A -- Schwartz-Bloom, Rochelle D -- DA10904/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 28;317(5846):1871-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Biology/*education ; Chemistry/*education ; *Curriculum ; Educational Measurement ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pharmacology/*education ; *Schools ; Teaching ; United States
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    Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin causes necrotizing pneumonia (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-20
    Description: The Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin secreted by strains epidemiologically associated with the current outbreak of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and with the often-lethal necrotizing pneumonia. To investigate the role of PVL in pulmonary disease, we tested the pathogenicity of clinical isolates, isogenic PVL-negative and PVL-positive S. aureus strains, as well as purified PVL, in a mouse acute pneumonia model. Here we show that PVL is sufficient to cause pneumonia and that the expression of this leukotoxin induces global changes in transcriptional levels of genes encoding secreted and cell wall-anchored staphylococcal proteins, including the lung inflammatory factor staphylococcal protein A (Spa).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Labandeira-Rey, Maria -- Couzon, Florence -- Boisset, Sandrine -- Brown, Eric L -- Bes, Michele -- Benito, Yvonne -- Barbu, Elena M -- Vazquez, Vanessa -- Hook, Magnus -- Etienne, Jerome -- Vandenesch, Francois -- Bowden, M Gabriela -- AI020624/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1130-3. Epub 2007 Jan 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Extracellular Matrix Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17234914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Exotoxins/genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Hemorrhage ; Leukocidins/genetics/*physiology ; Lung/microbiology/*pathology ; Methicillin Resistance ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Necrosis ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal/*microbiology/*pathology ; Staphylococcal Protein A/genetics/*metabolism ; Staphylococcus aureus/genetics/growth & development/metabolism/*pathogenicity ; Transcription, Genetic ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors/genetics/*physiology
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    RAP80 targets BRCA1 to specific ubiquitin structures at DNA damage sites (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: Mutations affecting the BRCT domains of the breast cancer-associated tumor suppressor BRCA1 disrupt the recruitment of this protein to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The molecular structures at DSBs recognized by BRCA1 are presently unknown. We report the interaction of the BRCA1 BRCT domain with RAP80, a ubiquitin-binding protein. RAP80 targets a complex containing the BRCA1-BARD1 (BRCA1-associated ring domain protein 1) E3 ligase and the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) BRCC36 to MDC1-gammaH2AX-dependent lysine(6)- and lysine(63)-linked ubiquitin polymers at DSBs. These events are required for cell cycle checkpoint and repair responses to ionizing radiation, implicating ubiquitin chain recognition and turnover in the BRCA1-mediated repair of DSBs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2706583/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2706583/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sobhian, Bijan -- Shao, Genze -- Lilli, Dana R -- Culhane, Aedin C -- Moreau, Lisa A -- Xia, Bing -- Livingston, David M -- Greenberg, Roger A -- K08 CA106597/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K08 CA106597-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1198-202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Genetics and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; BRCA1 Protein/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA/*metabolism ; *DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA Repair/physiology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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    U.S. research funding. Science adviser says that pruning is the key to a healthy budget (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):927.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Research/economics/organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; Science/*economics/organization & administration ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/economics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    2008 U.S. budget. Research rises--and falls--in the president's spending plan (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):750-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/economics ; *Budgets ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    NIH funding: what does the future look like? (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Furcht, Leo T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 13;316(5822):198-200; author reply 198-200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/economics ; *Financing, Government ; Forecasting ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Environment. Sustainable development of the agricultural bio-economy (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-16
    Description: A U.S. farm policy shift to joint production of commodities and ecological services will advance sustainable agriculture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jordan, N -- Boody, G -- Broussard, W -- Glover, J D -- Keeney, D -- McCown, B H -- McIsaac, G -- Muller, M -- Murray, H -- Neal, J -- Pansing, C -- Turner, R E -- Warner, K -- Wyse, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1570-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Agronomy and Plant Genetics Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55018, USA. jorda020@umn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Biomass ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Crops, Agricultural ; Ecosystem ; Energy-Generating Resources ; *Environment ; Public Policy ; Research ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bioterrorism. Panel provides peer review of intelligence research (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 7;318(5856):1538.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; *Biological Warfare Agents ; *Bioterrorism ; *Peer Review, Research ; Research/*standards ; Security Measures ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Research careers. Postdoc survey finds gender split on family issues (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):897.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17991832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; *Career Mobility ; Child ; Child Day Care Centers ; Data Collection ; *Education, Graduate ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Prejudice ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Women, Working
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-13
    Description: Human cancer is caused by the accumulation of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. To catalog the genetic changes that occur during tumorigenesis, we isolated DNA from 11 breast and 11 colorectal tumors and determined the sequences of the genes in the Reference Sequence database in these samples. Based on analysis of exons representing 20,857 transcripts from 18,191 genes, we conclude that the genomic landscapes of breast and colorectal cancers are composed of a handful of commonly mutated gene "mountains" and a much larger number of gene "hills" that are mutated at low frequency. We describe statistical and bioinformatic tools that may help identify mutations with a role in tumorigenesis. These results have implications for understanding the nature and heterogeneity of human cancers and for using personal genomics for tumor diagnosis and therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wood, Laura D -- Parsons, D Williams -- Jones, Sian -- Lin, Jimmy -- Sjoblom, Tobias -- Leary, Rebecca J -- Shen, Dong -- Boca, Simina M -- Barber, Thomas -- Ptak, Janine -- Silliman, Natalie -- Szabo, Steve -- Dezso, Zoltan -- Ustyanksky, Vadim -- Nikolskaya, Tatiana -- Nikolsky, Yuri -- Karchin, Rachel -- Wilson, Paul A -- Kaminker, Joshua S -- Zhang, Zemin -- Croshaw, Randal -- Willis, Joseph -- Dawson, Dawn -- Shipitsin, Michail -- Willson, James K V -- Sukumar, Saraswati -- Polyak, Kornelia -- Park, Ben Ho -- Pethiyagoda, Charit L -- Pant, P V Krishna -- Ballinger, Dennis G -- Sparks, Andrew B -- Hartigan, James -- Smith, Douglas R -- Suh, Erick -- Papadopoulos, Nickolas -- Buckhaults, Phillip -- Markowitz, Sanford D -- Parmigiani, Giovanni -- Kinzler, Kenneth W -- Velculescu, Victor E -- Vogelstein, Bert -- CA 43460/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 57345/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA109274/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA112828/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA121113/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA62924/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM070219/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM07309/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30-CA43703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR017698/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 16;318(5853):1108-13. Epub 2007 Oct 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Mapping ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Computational Biology ; DNA, Neoplasm ; Databases, Genetic ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Biomedicine. HIV drug shows promise as potential cancer treatment (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; HIV Protease Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mice ; Nelfinavir/therapeutic use
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    Polymerizing actin fibers position integrins primed to probe for adhesion sites (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: Migrating cells extend protrusions, probing the surrounding matrix in search of permissive sites to form adhesions. We found that actin fibers polymerizing along the leading edge directed local protrusions and drove synchronous sideways movement of beta1 integrin adhesion receptors. These movements lead to the clustering and positioning of conformationally activated, but unligated, beta1 integrins along the leading edge of fibroblast lamellae and growth cone filopodia. Thus, rapid actin-based movement of primed integrins along the leading edge suggests a "sticky fingers" mechanism to probe for new adhesion sites and to direct migration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galbraith, Catherine G -- Yamada, Kenneth M -- Galbraith, James A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):992-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/*physiology ; Animals ; Antigens, CD29/*physiology ; Cell Adhesion/*physiology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement/*physiology ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/physiology ; Fibronectins/metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microfilament Proteins/metabolism ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Pseudopodia/metabolism
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    Public policy. Watson condemned for comments on intelligence (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 26;318(5850):550.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *African Continental Ancestry Group ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Prejudice ; United States
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    Counting on embryos (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langer, Gary -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 26;318(5850):566-8; author reply 566-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cryopreservation ; *Directed Tissue Donation ; *Embryo Disposition ; *Embryo Research ; *Embryonic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Sampling Studies ; United States
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    Dynamic visualization of thrombopoiesis within bone marrow (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-09-22
    Description: Platelets are generated from megakaryocytes (MKs) in mammalian bone marrow (BM) by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here we describe the use of multiphoton intravital microscopy in intact BM to visualize platelet generation in mice. MKs were observed as sessile cells that extended dynamic proplatelet-like protrusions into microvessels. These intravascular extensions appeared to be sheared from their transendothelial stems by flowing blood, resulting in the appearance of proplatelets in peripheral blood. In vitro, proplatelet production from differentiating MKs was enhanced by fluid shear. These results confirm the concept of proplatelet formation in vivo and are consistent with the possibility that blood flow-induced hydrodynamic shear stress is a biophysical determinant of thrombopoiesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Junt, Tobias -- Schulze, Harald -- Chen, Zhao -- Massberg, Steffen -- Goerge, Tobias -- Krueger, Andreas -- Wagner, Denisa D -- Graf, Thomas -- Italiano, Joseph E Jr -- Shivdasani, Ramesh A -- von Andrian, Ulrich H -- HL068130/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL56949/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL63143/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1767-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immune Disease Institute and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; Blood Platelets/*cytology ; Bone Marrow/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Luminescent Proteins ; Megakaryocytes/*cytology ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton ; Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb ; Shear Strength ; Thrombopoiesis/*physiology
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    Single-molecule experiments in vitro and in silico (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: Single-molecule force experiments in vitro enable the characterization of the mechanical response of biological matter at the nanometer scale. However, they do not reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying mechanical function. These can only be readily studied through molecular dynamics simulations of atomic structural models: "in silico" (by computer analysis) single-molecule experiments. Steered molecular dynamics simulations, in which external forces are used to explore the response and function of macromolecules, have become a powerful tool complementing and guiding in vitro single-molecule experiments. The insights provided by in silico experiments are illustrated here through a review of recent research in three areas of protein mechanics: elasticity of the muscle protein titin and the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin; linker-mediated elasticity of the cytoskeleton protein spectrin; and elasticity of ankyrin repeats, a protein module found ubiquitously in cells but with an as-yet unclear function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sotomayor, Marcos -- Schulten, Klaus -- 1 R01 GM073655/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR05969/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1144-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ankyrin Repeat/*physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Connectin ; Elasticity ; Fibronectins/*physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Muscle Proteins/*physiology ; Protein Kinases/*physiology ; Spectrin/*physiology ; Spectrum Analysis/*methods
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    Building an HIV-proof immune system (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-08-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 3;317(5838):612-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17673648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD34/analysis ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; HIV/genetics/immunology ; HIV Antibodies/genetics/immunology ; HIV Infections/*immunology/*therapy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology ; Humans ; *Immunotherapy ; Mice ; Transduction, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Microbiology. Mayhem in the lung (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahl, Barbara C -- Peters, Georg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1082-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Munster, Domagkstrasse 10, D-49149 Munster, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17322047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adhesins, Bacterial/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Bacterial Toxins/analysis ; Exotoxins/analysis/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Hemorrhage ; Leukocidins/analysis/*physiology ; Lung/chemistry/microbiology/*pathology ; Methicillin Resistance ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Necrosis ; Phagocytosis ; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal/*microbiology/*pathology ; Respiratory Mucosa/microbiology ; Staphylococcal Protein A/genetics/*metabolism ; Staphylococcus aureus/genetics/growth & development/metabolism/*pathogenicity ; Virulence Factors/analysis/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bioweapons. Panel wants U.S. program to retain its Russian roots (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 28;317(5846):1845.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901303" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Warfare/prevention & control ; *Bioterrorism/prevention & control ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; *International Cooperation ; Laboratories ; Research Support as Topic ; Russia ; Security Measures ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    PKA type IIalpha holoenzyme reveals a combinatorial strategy for isoform diversity (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-13
    Description: The catalytic (C) subunit of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is inhibited by two classes of regulatory subunits, RI and RII. The RII subunits are substrates as well as inhibitors and do not require adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form holoenzyme, which distinguishes them from RI subunits. To understand the molecular basis for isoform diversity, we solved the crystal structure of an RIIalpha holoenzyme and compared it to the RIalpha holoenzyme. Unphosphorylated RIIalpha(90-400), a deletion mutant, undergoes major conformational changes as both of the cAMP-binding domains wrap around the C subunit's large lobe. The hallmark of this conformational reorganization is the helix switch in domain A. The C subunit is in an open conformation, and its carboxyl-terminal tail is disordered. This structure demonstrates the conserved and isoform-specific features of RI and RII and the importance of ATP, and also provides a new paradigm for designing isoform-specific activators or antagonists for PKA.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036697/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036697/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, Jian -- Brown, Simon H J -- von Daake, Sventja -- Taylor, Susan S -- GM34921/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM034921/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM034921-23/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32-CA009524/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 12;318(5848):274-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932298" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Catalytic Domain ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIalpha Subunit ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIalpha Subunit ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Holoenzymes/chemistry ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Isoenzymes/chemistry ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary
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    Cell signaling. Nuclear actin as choreographer of cell morphology and transcription (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, Jiang I -- Crabtree, Gerald R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 22;316(5832):1710-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howared Hughes Medical Institute and Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5323, USA. crabtree@cmgm.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17588921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/*physiology ; Animals ; Cell Nucleus/*physiology ; Cell Shape/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mice ; Protein Transport ; Serum Response Factor/physiology ; Signal Transduction/*physiology ; Trans-Activators/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic/physiology
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    The increasing dominance of teams in production of knowledge (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-14
    Description: We have used 19.9 million papers over 5 decades and 2.1 million patents to demonstrate that teams increasingly dominate solo authors in the production of knowledge. Research is increasingly done in teams across nearly all fields. Teams typically produce more frequently cited research than individuals do, and this advantage has been increasing over time. Teams now also produce the exceptionally high-impact research, even where that distinction was once the domain of solo authors. These results are detailed for sciences and engineering, social sciences, arts and humanities, and patents, suggesting that the process of knowledge creation has fundamentally changed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wuchty, Stefan -- Jones, Benjamin F -- Uzzi, Brian -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):1036-9. Epub 2007 Apr 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Northwestern Institute on Complexity (NICO), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Authorship ; Bibliometrics ; Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Databases as Topic/statistics & numerical data ; Engineering ; Humanities ; *Knowledge ; *Patents as Topic ; Publishing/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Research/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Sociology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Postdoctoral training. NSF, NIH emphasize the importance of mentoring (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 24;317(5841):1016.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Education, Graduate/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Mentors/legislation & jurisprudence ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Personnel/legislation & jurisprudence ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science careers. Translational institute unites unlikely partners at Penn (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garber, Ken -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 17;317(5840):968-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17702948" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research/economics/education/organization & administration ; *Career Choice ; Career Mobility ; Education, Graduate ; *Hospitals, Pediatric ; *Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pennsylvania ; *Research Personnel/education ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Treating diseases with adult stem cells (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prentice, David A -- Tarne, Gene -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 19;315(5810):328.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17234930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*transplantation ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Embryonic Stem Cells/transplantation ; Humans ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; *Therapeutics ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Changes in innovation ecology (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wulf, William A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1253.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Diffusion of Innovation ; *Technology ; United States
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    Biosecurity. Rising Asian threat leaves Russia in the lurch (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 3;317(5838):581.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17673626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia ; Biological Warfare/*prevention & control ; Bioterrorism/*prevention & control ; Russia ; *Security Measures ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Epidemiology. Privacy policies take a toll on research, survey finds (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 16;318(5853):1049.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research/economics ; Confidentiality/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Data Collection ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology ; *Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ; Humans ; Patient Selection ; United States
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    A plasminogen-activating protease specifically controls the development of primary pneumonic plague (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-27
    Description: Primary pneumonic plague is transmitted easily, progresses rapidly, and causes high mortality, but the mechanisms by which Yersinia pestis overwhelms the lungs are largely unknown. We show that the plasminogen activator Pla is essential for Y. pestis to cause primary pneumonic plague but is less important for dissemination during pneumonic plague than during bubonic plague. Experiments manipulating its temporal expression showed that Pla allows Y. pestis to replicate rapidly in the airways, causing a lethal fulminant pneumonia; if unexpressed, inflammation is aborted, and lung repair is activated. Inhibition of Pla expression prolonged the survival of animals with the disease, offering a therapeutic option to extend the period during which antibiotics are effective.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lathem, Wyndham W -- Price, Paul A -- Miller, Virginia L -- Goldman, William E -- AI53298/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK52574/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI069688-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NRSA T32 GM07067/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057160/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):509-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Cytokines/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Fibrinogen/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Lung/immunology/*microbiology/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Plague/immunology/*microbiology/pathology ; Plasminogen/metabolism ; Plasminogen Activators/genetics/*metabolism ; Pneumonia, Bacterial/immunology/*microbiology/pathology ; Spleen/microbiology ; Tetracyclines/pharmacology ; Virulence Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Yersinia pestis/enzymology/genetics/growth & development/*pathogenicity
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    Global health. Bush boosts AIDS relief: cause for applause and pause (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1552.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy/economics/prevention & control ; *Anti-HIV Agents/economics/therapeutic use ; *Budgets ; *Global Health ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; United States
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    Animal studies. NIH to end chimp breeding for research (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1265.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; *Breeding ; Female ; Male ; Models, Animal ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Pan troglodytes ; United States
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    The uncertain future of research chimpanzees (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prince, Alfred M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 16;315(5818):1493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17370358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Biomedical Research ; Breeding ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hepacivirus/immunology ; Male ; *Pan troglodytes ; United States ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines
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    AIDS drugs. Brazil, Thailand override big pharma patents (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):816.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17495145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-HIV Agents/economics ; Brazil ; Drug Costs ; *Drug Industry/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Drugs, Generic/economics ; Humans ; *Legislation, Drug ; *Patents as Topic ; Thailand ; United States
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    Physiology. Proteasomes keep the circadian clock ticking (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gatfield, David -- Schibler, Ueli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1135-6. Epub 2007 May 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and NCCR Frontiers in Genetics, Sciences III, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva-4, Switzerland. david.gatfield@molbio.unige.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17495136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics/*physiology ; Cryptochromes ; F-Box Proteins/physiology ; Flavoproteins/physiology ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/physiology ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Phenotype ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/physiology
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    Biodefense. Lawmakers worry that lab expansion poses risks (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 12;318(5848):182.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Accidents ; *Biomedical Research/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Containment of Biohazards ; Humans ; *Laboratories/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data ; Laboratory Infection ; Risk ; *Safety Management/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Cell signaling. mTOR, unleashed (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Proud, Christopher G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):926-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17991850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Neuropeptides/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus/metabolism/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A/metabolism ; Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
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    Immunology. The root of platelet production (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geddis, Amy E -- Kaushansky, Kenneth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1689-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103-8811, USA. kkaushansky@ucsd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Blood Platelets/*cytology ; Humans ; Megakaryocytes/*cytology ; Mice ; Thrombopoiesis/*physiology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Evidence that focal adhesion complexes power bacterial gliding motility (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-10
    Description: The bacterium Myxococcus xanthus has two motility systems: S motility, which is powered by type IV pilus retraction, and A motility, which is powered by unknown mechanism(s). We found that A motility involved transient adhesion complexes that remained at fixed positions relative to the substratum as cells moved forward. Complexes assembled at leading cell poles and dispersed at the rear of the cells. When cells reversed direction, the A-motility clusters relocalized to the new leading poles together with S-motility proteins. The Frz chemosensory system coordinated the two motility systems. The dynamics of protein cluster localization suggest that intracellular motors and force transmission by dynamic focal adhesions can power bacterial motility.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4095873/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4095873/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mignot, Tam -- Shaevitz, Joshua W -- Hartzell, Patricia L -- Zusman, David R -- GM20509/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM020509/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM075242-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):853-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. tmignot@berkeley.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; *Bacterial Adhesion ; Bacterial Proteins/analysis/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Cephalexin/pharmacology ; Fimbriae, Bacterial/physiology ; Focal Adhesions/*physiology ; Luminescent Proteins ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Motor Proteins/analysis/genetics/*physiology ; Movement ; Myxococcus xanthus/cytology/genetics/*physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    U.S. research policy. Med schools add labs despite budget crunch (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1309-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823322" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets/trends ; Facility Design and Construction/*economics ; Financing, Government/trends ; Health Policy/trends ; Laboratories/*economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research Support as Topic/trends ; Schools, Medical/*economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Biomedical research. The endangered lab chimp (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):450-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation/ethics ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Breeding ; Female ; Genome ; Housing, Animal ; Male ; *Models, Animal ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Population Dynamics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Scientific workforce. U.S. immigration bill would extend warmer welcome to highly skilled (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1268.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Education, Graduate ; Emigration and Immigration/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Engineering/*education ; Foreign Professional Personnel/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Science/*education ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    AIDS research. Trials of NIH's AIDS vaccine get a yellow light (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- Lester, Benjamin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1852.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *AIDS Vaccines/adverse effects ; Adenoviruses, Human/genetics/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Male ; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) ; Research Design ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Keeping the U.S. a world leader in science (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gentile, James M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 13;317(5835):194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17626863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Financing, Government ; Foundations ; Fund Raising ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Science ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Endocrine disrupters. Controversy continues after panel rules on bisphenol A (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-08-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 17;317(5840):884-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17702917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Advisory Committees ; Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds ; Child ; Endocrine Disruptors/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Phenols/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Pregnancy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Cross-cultural research. Pentagon asks academics for help in understanding its enemies (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 27;316(5824):534-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Behavior ; *Computer Simulation ; *Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Humans ; Iraq ; *Military Science ; *Research ; Social Values ; *Sociology ; Terrorism ; United States ; *Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Astrobiology. Astrobiology fights for its life (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 19;315(5810):318-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17234924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes/economics/organization & administration ; Budgets ; *Exobiology/economics/organization & administration ; Financing, Government ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 94
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    Conflict of interest. Stung by controversy, biomedical groups urge consistent guidelines (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 27;317(5837):441.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17656694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*standards ; *Conflict of Interest/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Disclosure/legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Industry ; *Guidelines as Topic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/ethics ; Research Personnel/ethics/*standards ; Societies, Scientific ; United States ; Universities/ethics/standards
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 95
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    Menin controls growth of pancreatic beta-cells in pregnant mice and promotes gestational diabetes mellitus (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-03
    Description: During pregnancy, maternal pancreatic islets grow to match dynamic physiological demands, but the mechanisms regulating adaptive islet growth in this setting are poorly understood. Here we show that menin, a protein previously characterized as an endocrine tumor suppressor and transcriptional regulator, controls islet growth in pregnant mice. Pregnancy stimulated proliferation of maternal pancreatic islet beta-cells that was accompanied by reduced islet levels of menin and its targets. Transgenic expression of menin in maternal beta-cells prevented islet expansion and led to hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance, hallmark features of gestational diabetes. Prolactin, a hormonal regulator of pregnancy, repressed islet menin levels and stimulated beta-cell proliferation. These results expand our understanding of mechanisms underlying diabetes pathogenesis and reveal potential targets for therapy in diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karnik, Satyajit K -- Chen, Hainan -- McLean, Graeme W -- Heit, Jeremy J -- Gu, Xueying -- Zhang, Andrew Y -- Fontaine, Magali -- Yen, Michael H -- Kim, Seung K -- T32DK007217-32/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 2;318(5851):806-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17975067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Diabetes, Gestational/*etiology/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Obesity/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*physiology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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  • 96
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    Science and the public. Animal extremists get personal (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1856-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096783" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Rights ; Animals ; Crime/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Great Britain ; *Law Enforcement ; *Research Personnel ; Security Measures ; United States ; *Universities ; Violence
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  • 97
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    Government ethics. Supersized lab draws fire at NIH's environmental institute (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environmental Health ; Expert Testimony ; Laboratories/manpower/*organization & administration ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*ethics/*organization & administration ; North Carolina ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; Universities
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  • 98
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    A general model of prion strains and their pathogenicity (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-10
    Description: Prions are lethal mammalian pathogens composed of aggregated conformational isomers of a host-encoded glycoprotein and which appear to lack nucleic acids. Their unique biology, allied with the public-health risks posed by prion zoonoses such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, has focused much attention on the molecular basis of prion propagation and the "species barrier" that controls cross-species transmission. Both are intimately linked to understanding how multiple prion "strains" are encoded by a protein-only agent. The underlying mechanisms are clearly of much wider importance, and analogous protein-based inheritance mechanisms are recognized in yeast and fungi. Recent advances suggest that prions themselves are not directly neurotoxic, but rather their propagation involves production of toxic species, which may be uncoupled from infectivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collinge, John -- Clarke, Anthony R -- MC_U123160656/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U123192748/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):930-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK. j.collinge@prion.ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17991853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; PrPC Proteins/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; PrPSc Proteins/*chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism/*pathogenicity ; Prion Diseases/*metabolism/*transmission ; Prions/*chemistry/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 99
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    Clinical research. No lifeline for proposed breast cancer prevention trial (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 22;316(5832):1679.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17588904" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research/economics ; Breast Neoplasms/*prevention & control ; Budgets ; *Clinical Trials as Topic/economics ; Female ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nitriles/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Triazoles/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Entomology. The case of the empty hives (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):970-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; *Bees/microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Climate ; Diet ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Mites ; Pesticides ; Population Dynamics ; United States ; United States Department of Agriculture ; Viruses/isolation & purification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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