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  • Gas chromatography  (43)
  • Springer  (43)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1980-1984  (43)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1984  (19)
  • 1981  (24)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (43)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (111)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (43)
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemically modified teflon wall-coated open tubular columns for gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Teflon columns ; Chemically modified teflon ; Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Wall-coated open tubular columns prepared from chemically modified teflon tubing have been developed for gas chromatography. Chemical reaction of the inner walls of teflon tubing allows bonding of an adhesive layer on which a variety of stationary phaes can be coated. Test mixtures of alkanes and alcohols were used to investigate the chromatographic properties of these columns and the stability and mixing of the adhesive and stationary phae layers. the results in dicate that mixing of the layers is negligible and that the column is stable for a long period of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262057
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Herstellung von Glas-Kapillarsäulen für die Gas-Chromatographie (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 55-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns, glass ; Gas chromatography ; Column preparation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kapillar-Gas-Chromatographie ist heute das sich am stärksten entwickelnde Gebiet der Gas-Chromatographie. Es gibt viele komplexe, neue Fragestellungen in der Analytik, welche den Einsatz spezieller Kapillarsäulen erfordem. Glücklicherweise gibt es aber auch eine große Zahl von Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen, welche — noch mehr als bei der Herstellung von gepackten Säulen — eine Anpassung an die gestellten Aufgaben ermöglichen. In diesem Artikel werden die Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen zusammengestellt und Anregungen gegeben, wie aufgaben-orientierte Säulen erreicht werden.
    Notes: Summary Glass capillary column chromatography is the most rapidly growing part of gas chromatography. There are many complex new analytical tasks and they require special capillary columns, Fortunately there is a wide range of column preparation methods available, and they make the preparation of glass capillary columns a more varied job than that of packed columns. In this paper these methods are reviewed and suggestions are given for making task-oriented columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262064
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of phenylurea herbicides following catalytic hydrolysis on silica gel (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 579-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Urea herbicides ; Catalytic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the rapid catalytic hydrolysis of phenylurea herbicides on silica gel at elevated temperatures. After derivatisation of the anilines produced with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride final analysis is done on a gas chromatograph equipped with an electroncapture detector. Detection limits are in the 1–5 picogram range. The method has successfully been applied to residue analysis of water samples at the 1 ppb level. The determination of free anilines present in water samples and the potential of various techniques to be used to discriminate between free anilines and parent herbicides are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262887
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of water phenolic pollutants using acid-washed graphitised carbon black (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 86-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Graphitised carbon black ; Phenols ; Water pllutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The fractionation of eleven phenols which may be contaminants in drinking water has been accomplished by using acid-washed graphitised carbon black modified with trimesic acid and PEG 20 M.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279517
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel applications for headspace gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 447-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Headspace analysis ; Gas chromatography ; Residual analysis of polyethylene terephthalate ; Acetylene reduction assay ; Ethylene evolution in germinating seed ; Acetaldehyde generation in polyester resin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary New application areas for headspace gas chromatography in agricultural and polymer degradation research are described. Specific examples are drawn from the various forms of headspace analysis with emphasis on the automated static equilibrium method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263531
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Esterification of C2−C16 dicarboxylic acids to n-butyl esters in aqueous solutions for their gas chromatographic analysis (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 637-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Esterification in aqueous solution ; n-Butyl esters of C2−C16 dicarboxylic acids ; Dicarboxylic acid analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary C2−C16 dicarboxylic acids were esterified in aqueous solution in the presence of sulfuric acid. Esterification in water/n-butanol mixtures with mole ratios between 0.02 and 2.53 can be utilized for the quantitative determination of the dicarboxylic acids by gas chromatography. The presence of water does not interfere at water/n-butanol mole ratios below 0.27. For mole ratios above 0.27 anhydrous sodium sulfate has been used for binding the water. The mole ratio range was 0.25–0.75 for anhydrous sodium sulfate/water, and 0.32–1.3 for sulfuric acid/anhydrous sodium sulfate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261980
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubilities and partial molar enthalpies of solution for polar gas-liquid systems determined by gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 663-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Gas solubilities ; Enthalpies of solution ; Polar solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The gas-liquid chromatographic method has been used to determine the solubilities and partial molar enthalpies of solution of the gases H2S, CO2 and COS in four polar solvents. The results agree well with literature values obtained using conventional techniques, with the one exception of H2S in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. In this case there is some evidence for the occurrence of adsorption at the gas-liquid interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265810
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of aromatic, carboxylic acids in the presence of C1−C5 fatty acids and C2−C7 dicarboxylic acids esterified in aqueous solutions as the n-butyl esters (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 673-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Esterification in aqueous solution ; n-Butyl esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The direct esterification and gas chromatographic analysis of aromatic carboxylic acids as n-butyl esters is described. Derivatization is performed in aqueous solution with n-butanol in the presence of sulfuric acid. The butyl esters of benzoic, phthalic, hemimellitic, trimellitic, trimesic and pyromellitic acids permit their gas chromatographic separation from each other and from fatty acids and alipatic dicarboxylic acids. At mole ratios of [H2O]/ [n-BuOH]≤0.04 the water present does not interfere with the esterification reaction. At mole ratios above 0.04 anhydrous sodium sulfate is used for binding the water, at mole ratios of [Na2SO4 anh.]/[H2O]=0.25–0.75.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265812
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of some polar compounds with methylsilicone liquid phases in gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 202-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polysiloxane stationary phases ; Heat of adsorption ; Heat of solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The changes in the heat of solution of polar compounds and xylene isomers in methylsilicone fluid OV-101 deposited on Chromosorb W AW DMCS were studied. It was shown that the heat of solution increases with an increase of the percentage loading of the OV-101 up to 10%. Solution and adsorption thermodynamic characteristics of the studied system are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02276733
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of interaction of olefin-bonded transition metal complexes by gas chromatography. Diphenylphosphine complexes with CoCl2 and CoBr2 (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Metal complexes ; Chemically bonded phase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Packings consisting of diphenylphosphine complexes with CoCl2 and CoBr2, chemically bonded to the silica surface, were synthesized and their retention parameters determined. The packings are capable of specifically interacting with electron-donating compounds by forming π-complexes. The interaction is considerably stronger in the case of CoBr2-containing packing than in the case of CoCl2-containing packing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02276734
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-column injection in the stopped-flow mode with open-tubular columns (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 234-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open-tubular columns ; On-column injection ; Stopped-flow operation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simple, inexpensive, on-column injector of the septum moving-needle kind is described for quantitative analysis using open-tubular columsn. when operated in the stopped-flow mode an improvement incolumn efficiency is observed combined wit a diminished tendency to produce split-top peaks, particularly for late eluting peaks. Using electronic integration a relative error of about 2.7% was observed for peaks spanning a wide range of sample concentrations and volatilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270556
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity of gases used as the mobile phase in gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Carrier gas ; Viscosity ; Influence of temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The vicosity-temperature relationship of the three gases (helium, nitrogen and hydrogen) most frequenly used as the carrier gas in gas chromatography is studied. Based on available data, equaitions are derived to describe this relationship. Using these equations viscosity data are tabulated for the chromatographically important temperature range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270558
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic determination of parabens in various pharmaceutical dosage forms (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 260-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Parabens and their dissolution ; Pharmaceutical dosage forms ; Derivatization ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A specific, sensitive and general applicabla gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of parabens in various liquid pharmaceutical preparations: propylparaben and butylparaben in a liquid antacid dosage form (I); methylparaben, ethylparaben and propylparaben in a syrup (II); methylparaben and propylparaben in a solution for injection (III). Each time one of the parabens is used as internal standard. The parabens are extracted with diethylether and derivatized by silylation. Different columns are used for the analysis of the parabens: 3% SE-30 column, a 3% QF-1 column for different selectivity, a 2% OV-1 column for isothermal operation. Special attention is attributed to the standard: the parabens are dissolved in a minimal amount of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide and extracted in the same way as the pharmaceutical dosage form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270561
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resolution and assignment of the configuration of secondary aliphatic alcohols by gas chromatography on chiral phase (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 294-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Configuration ; Resolution ; Alcohols
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The study of the resolution of sixteen secondary aliphatic alcohols by gas chromatography on (+)-dodecyl (2R, 3R)-tartrate, trapping the ascending part of the peak from a conventional filled column, has allowed the determination in a single operation of the sign and order of emergence of enantiomers. A correlation between the configuration of these secondary alcohols and their order of emergence has been established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259080
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of carboxylic acids by gas chromatography. Derivatisation using chloroacetone (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 309-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Carboxylic acids ; Acetonyl derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The preparation of the acetonyl esters of nine aliphatic carboxylic acids is described, the general formula of the derivatives being RCOOCH2COCH3 where R=alkyl or H. The derivatives show good chromatographic properties on both packed and capillary columns. The electron impact and chemical ionisation mass spectra of the derivatives are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259083
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermodynamic criterion for the identification of the functional group of aliphatic compounds by gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 449-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Thermodynamic relationships ; Retention index ; Peak identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A thermodynamic criterion, ΔQ, is suggested which permits to estimate the difference in the functional group energy of interactions for two different stationary phases. The linear dependence of ΔQ on the homolog number m of any series Rm X can be used as the thermodynamic criterion for the identification of substances by GC analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262976
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of open tubular columns as a function of tube diameter and liquid phase film thickness (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 477-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Sample capacity ; Column comparison ; Film thickness ; Column diameter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Wall-coated, open-tubular (capillary) columns prepared from different diameter tubing, with different liquid phase film thickness, are compared with each other and with packed and support-coated open-tubular columns. The comparison is based on the variation of the phase ratio and the capacity factor, and includes column efficiency (HETP, theoretical plate number), resolution, retention time, and sample capacity. Problems associated with the evaluation of the sample capacity are outlined. The influence of temperature on column performance is discussed in detail. Finally, the possibilities of short, wide-bore open-tubular columns prepared with a thick liquid-phase film are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02267232
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The obstruction factor γ in gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 576-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Tortuosity factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The relationship between the obstructive factor γ and velocity was restudied. The dependence of the obstructive factor on velocity was verified. The effects of diffusion coefficient and particle-to-column diameter ratio on the obstructive factor-velocity relationship were investigated. The results are consistent with Hawkes' hypothesis that values of γ at low velocities are averages over tightly packed and loosely packed domains while at high velocities they are weighted in favour of the loosely packed domains where there is more flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262886
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blending bulk dissolution and gas-liquid-adsorption with the mixing of two liquid stationary phases to increase selectivity (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 648-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Gas-liquid adsorption ; Bulk solution ; Mixed stationary phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the blending of some retention effects can make the resolution of complex mixtures on short classical columns as effective as on capillary columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02291105
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Headspace gas chromatographic determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in natural and waste water (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 699-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace analysis ; Aromatic hydrocarbons ; Water analyses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The possibilities of using headspace analysis of aromatic hydrocarbon traces in aqueous solutions with changing values of the partition coefficients are discussed. A variant of headspace analysis of the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon in natural and waste water is described. It involves two-step gaseous extraction of a sample in vessels of varying volume before and after the equilibrium phase is replaced with a pure gas (air or nitrogen). This method permits to analyse 5–50 ml water samples with benzene and toluene contents varying from the ppb to the ppm range within an error not exceeding 155. The analysis time is about 1.5 h. The presence of non-volatile organic or mineral substances does not influence the determination. This method is unsuitable to heterogeneous systems (aqueous oil emulsions): before carrying out the analysis for the hydrocarbon content these systems have to be homogenized first.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259458
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting reproducibility in the manufacture of glass and siliceous glass open tubular (capillary) columns (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 484-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Glass columns ; Fused-silica columns ; Column testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Column characteristics affecting the chromatographic behavior of glass and siliceous glass (“fused silica”) capillary columns include the dimensional uniformity of the column, the physical and chemical characteristics of the column wall and the characteristics of the liquid phase. In the case of the coated column the uniformity and thickness of the liquid phase film are the most important criteria affecting column reproducibility. The paper discusses these factors and their influence on column performance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263539
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  • 22
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    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of complex industrial samples by gas chromatography; a report on selected past activities (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Quantitative analysis ; Copper oxide converter ; Inorganic gas analysis ; Determination of fluorine and oxygen ; Hydrocarbon analysis ; Wine analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A review of past activities concerning selected industrial analytical problems is given. This includes the following question: preparation of pure gas mixtures to be used for calibration, catalytic conversion of ester and pyridin samples to carbon dioxide and a one-point calibration method using peak heights, both for quantitative analysis, analysis of gas mixtures containing fluorine and inorganic fluorine compounds and the determination of the oxygen and fluorine content of the sample, separation and identification of hydrocarbons in shale oil and petroleum fraction samples, and analysis of wine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260153
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary gas chromatography of esters correlations between structure and retention index (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 143-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns ; Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of twenty different homologous series of esters have been determined experimentally on polar (Carbowax 1540) and non-polar (squalane) columns. General equations to calculate retention index have been established by statistical methods. The influence of the length and inductive effect of acid and alcohol chains and the relative position of the carboxylic group are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02314758
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kaolin as support for porous layer open tubular columns (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 285-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Porous layer open tubular columns ; Kaolin as support ; Column performance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary PLOT columns have been prepared with kaolin as the liquid phase support. These columns show good efficiency with different stationary phases and good thermal stability with polar phases. The performance of columns is shown by the separation of various mixtures such as fatty acids, phenols and anilines which are of analytical importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259267
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of xylidine isomers on heteroaromatic compounds by gas-liquid chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 39-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Xylidine isomers ; Heteroaromatic liquid phases ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Nicotinic acid and 1H-benzotriazole appreciably resolved all the xylidine (dimethylaniline) isomers, while benzimidazole, nicotinamide and phthalimide can also separate all the isomers except 2,4- and 2,3-xylidines. The analyses were carried out on supports which were not treated with an alkali.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262060
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed phases of Superox 20M and OV-1 in fused silica and glass capillary gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica capillaries ; Glass capillaries ; Mixed gum phases ; Polarity and selectivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mixed phases of Superox 20M and OV-1 can be coated homogeneously on the untreated wall of fused silica capillary columns. Excellent columns with regard to efficiency, inertness and thermal stability can be obtained. (CE〉95% and MAOT≥250°). The polarity and selectivity were ascertained with Rohrschneider-Reynolds probes and a capillary polarity test mixture. The analysis of an essential oil mixture illustrates the possibilities of mixed phases in practical capillary GC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259233
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of glass, quartz, and fused silica capillary column surfaces from contact-angle measurements (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 387-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Fused silica ; Contact angle ; Wettability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the systematic characterization of glass and the newly introduced fused silica and quartz capillary columns from surface wettability measurements. Common gas chromatographic stationary phases were used in capillary-rise measurements at temperatures up to 300°C. By construction of Zisman plots and using the Cassie equation, the relative surface concentrations of wettable and non-wettable groups were determined. By application of the Fowkes equation, the dispersion force component of the surface energy was investigated. The influence of various surface treatments such as leaching, silylation, and polymeric film formation are discussed. Wettability measurements were also used to evaluate the thermostability of various treated surfaces and to compare the surface properties of glass, quartz, and fused silica. The wettability of the surfaces with selected stationary phases as a function of temperature is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262872
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    Determination of average molecular polarizabilities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons directly from retention indices (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 707-708 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Average molecular polarizabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A significant correlation has been found between the retention indices of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on non-polar stationary phases and the average molecular polarizabilities of the molecules separated on these phases. Equations have been derived for the determination of the average molecular polarizabilities, directly from the retention indices.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259460
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    Factors affecting the retention of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 69-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of a planar polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon on the GC phases OV-101, SE-52, and OV-17 is strictly related only to the boiling point, and less closely to the relative molecular mass. The very approximates relation with connectivity index ins only a consequence of the latter. On a nematic lqiuid crystal phase, a variation of activity coefficient, expressed in terms of a shape factor, also influences the retention of PAH.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279514
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    Analysis of trace components in gases by gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Detector performance ; Trace analysis ; Catalytic conversion ; Multidimensional gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Relationships are derived describing how the detection limit of a chromatographic system depends on the minimum detectable limit of the detector and the chromatographic parameters such as column length, efficiency, carrier gas flow rate and the capacity factor. Performance data of detectors developed in the last 25 years at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are given and a few selected application examples are listed. These include trace analysis by preconcentration and by direct analysis and the utilization of multidimensional gas chromatography with two columns, two detectors, a 12-port valve, and a catalytic conversion reactor.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259264
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    A column packing for isothermal gas chromatographic analysis of C1−C5 paraffins and monoolefins and dimethyl ether (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 277-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; C1−C5 Hydrocarbons ; Dimethyl ether
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An analytical GC method was developed which uses a single packed column consisting of three packings in series prepared with the following liquid phases: dimethyl sulfolane, propylene carbonate, and silver nitrate. This system provides satisfactory resolution of mixtures of C1−C5 hydrocarbons and dimethyl ether obtained when converting methanol to gasoline. Due to the high capacity of the column it is possible to inject larger sample amounts permitting trace analysis.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259265
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    Analysis of phthalides from umbelliferae by combined liquid-solid and gas-liquid chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 452-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Phthalides ; Umbelliferae ; Liquid-solid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Ligustilide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A liquid-solid chromatographic pre-fractionation of naturally occurring phthalides has been developed. The LSC was carried out on a column of silica applying a 1–50% gradient elution of diethyl ether (containing 2% methanol) in pentane. The enrichment in the fractions led to better possibilities for a gas chromatographic separation and isolation allowing further studies by spectroscopic methods. Ligustilide may easily isomerize during GC as a result of ageing of the column.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263532
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    Open tubular columns: The influence of changing the liquid phase film thickness on column efficiency (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 367-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Variation of film thickness ; Thick-film columns ; Mass transfer terms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The factors characterizing the influence of the variation of the liquid phase film thickness on the mass transfer terms in the Golay equations describing the performance of open tubular columns are investigated and numerical values are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262482
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    Gas chromatographic separation of ethanolamines and ethylene glycols without preliminary derivatization (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 601-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Ethanolamines ; Ethylene glycols ; Direct separation ; Gas chromatography ; Short glass capillaries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An effective and rapid GC separation of ethanolamines, even in the presence of ethylene glycols, using short glass capillary columns is developed. No preliminary derivatisation of the sample is necessary. The separation is completed in 6 minutes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262893
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    The determination of phenol in urine by enzymatic hydrolysis/headspace gas chromatography (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 507-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace ; Phenol ; Urine ; Enzymatic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method has been developed for the determination of phenol in urine in which the phenol conjugates are hydrolysed enzymatically and the liberated phenol is analysed by headspace chromatography. The results compare favourably with those obtained by the method of van Haaften and Sie in which acid hydrolysis is carried out in a heated GC precolumn. The enzymatic hydrolysis headspace technique appears to be very reliable and does not suffer from the disadvantages of precolumn acid hydrolysis.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265629
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    Comments on column characterization: A sulfur column (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 421-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid sulfur ; McReynolds' constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The McReynolds' constants for liquid sulfur as a stationary phase in gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) are presented. A simple graphical method of pattern analysis is used to indicate the uniqueness of the sulfur column as compared with other stationary liquid phases characterized by McReynolds. The limitations of using a single factor (as polarity) for the basis for the selection of GLC columns is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262878
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    Trennung, Identifizierung und Bestimmung von Treibgasen und Lösungsmitteln in Aerosol-Produkten mittels Gas-Chromatographie (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 351-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Kováts retention indices ; Propellants ; Solvents ; Aerosol packs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A gas chromatographic method is described by which a nearly complete separation of all commonly used propellants and solvents and their identification and determination can be achieved in one step. The separation is by simple adsorption chromatography on columns packed with Porapak-T with a temperature program 100–180°C at 10°C/min. Kováts' retention indices have been calculated for isothermal conditions at 150°C respectively 100°C for the propellants, at 180°C for the solvents. An exact identification of the propellants and solvents by means of the Kováts' indices is practicable even in complex mixtures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine gas-chromatographische Methode angegeben, welche eine fast vollständige Auftrennung aller handelsüblichen Aerosol-Treibgase und Lösungsmittel und ihre Identifizierung und Bestimmung in einem Schritt gestatet. Die Trennung erfolgt durch reine Adsorptions-Chromatographie and Porapak T-Säulen bei 100–180°C mit einer Temperaturate von 10°C/min. Zur Bestimmung der Retentionsindices nach Kovats wurden die Treibgase isotherm bei 150°C bzw. 100°C, die Lösungsmittel bei 180°C aufgetrennt. Anhand der Kovats-Indices ist eine eindeutige Identifizierung der Treibgase und Lösungsmittel selbst in vielfältigen Gemischen möglich.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259234
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    The preparation of analytically stable, immobilized stationary phase coatings on colums packing materials (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 11-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Cross-linked Stationary phase ; Immobilized Stationary phase ; Packed columns ; Trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A coating of silicone SE-54 on Chromosorb W has been converted to an analytically stable, immobilized stationary phase layer by cross-linking with an organic peroxide. Up to 10% by weight has been applied in this manner. Excellent high temperature qualities are exhibited, such as low bleeding and good base line stability, during typical analyses. Poly (2,6-dimethyl-p-phenylene oxide) has also been crosslinked as a surface coating on Chromosorb W with an organic peroxide. From 3 to 4% by weight has been immobilized in this way. The resultant packing material, following high temperature conditioning, has been examined for use as an adsorbent of trace substances, similar to the applications to which such adsorbents as Tenax GC have commonly been applied, e.g. trace analysis of air. It appears to exhibit satisfactory properties for this analytical purpose.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279455
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    Gas-liquid chromatography of isopropylidene-glucose and glucose as their trimethylsilyl derivatives (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 21-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Isopropylidene-glucose ; Glucose ; GC of TMS-derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the gas chromatographic separation of the mixture of di- and mono-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose and D-glucose as their trimethylsilyl derivatives. The use of OV-101 as liquid phase provides a complete separation for the all components in the mixture. Quantative analysis was performed using xylitol as the internal standard for di- and mono-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose, and sorbitol as the internal standard for α-and β-glucose.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279458
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    Coupling of chromatography and NMR part 5: Analysis of high-boiling gas-chromatographic fractions by on-line nuclear magnetic resonance (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 31-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Terpenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A procedure is described for recording1H NMR spectra of flowing gaseous GC fractions boiling as high as 200°C. The line width of the signals in the NMR spectra is smaller than 2.2Hz.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279461
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    Chromatographic determination of tetramethrin on woolen cloth and in aqueous treatment formulations (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 556-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid chromatography ; Tetramethrin ; Residues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the analysis of tetramethrin aqueous formulation and residues of tetramethrin on woolen cloth. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and partitioned with benzene. Interferences were removed by liquid column chromatography with acid alumina and eluted with 10% ethyl acetate-hexane. Analysis was by gas chromatography with a 10% UCW98 (methylsilicone) column. Detection was made with the flame ionization detector to avoid the repeated dilutions necessary with use of the electron capture detector.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265694
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    The role of electric interactions in the retention index concept; Implications in quantitative structure-retention studies (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 615-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Electric parameters ; Physico-chemical relationships ; Structure-retention study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new equation is derived relating the retention index to the molecular polarizabilities, ionization potentials and permanent dipole moments of the stationary phase and the solute. Various implications of this equation to quantitative structure-retention relationships are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261974
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    Air-sampling of aldehydes—Application to chromatographic determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Aldehydes and ketones ; 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-coated silica gel ; Gas chromatography ; Column liquid chromatography ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary After a brief review of several methods described in the literature this paper discusses air-sampling on 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-coated silica gel and identification requirements for aldehydes and ketones most commonly found in industrial pollution. Quantitative analysis of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde either by GC or by HPLC techniques is established using a dynamic system producing test atmospheres and compared with the usual colorimetric determinations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258770
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