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  • Springer  (42,164)
  • PANGAEA
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (42,297)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1980  (42,297)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (42,297)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Schwellwerte der Vorticity als Maß für die Weiterentwicklung typischer Wolkenkonfigurationen in Satellitenbildern (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 89-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary There are typical cloud configurations in satellite images which are produced and/or maintained mainly by vorticity. These are: comma, enhanced cumuli, wave in a frontalband, upper level low and the cloud spiral of a low. Looking at satellite images there can be observed sometimes an increase sometimes a decrease during the further development of the cloud systems. The type of further development is also dependent on the value of the associated vorticity. In this paper there is examined the relationship between cloud systems and vorticity and there are investigated thresholds of vorticity. Are these thresholds, which are different for the different cloud systems, exceeded, one can conclude — with a certain degree of probability — that cloud systems will increase (that means a further weather activity). Are the thresholds not exceeded one can expect a decrease of the cloud systems.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es gibt typische Bewölkungskonfigurationen, die überwiegend durch Vorticity produziert und/oder aufrecht erhalten werden. Dazu gehören: Komma, enhanced Cumulibewölkung, Welle im Frontalband, Höhentief und Kern eines Tiefdruckwirbels. Aus Satellitenbildern kann beobachtet werden, daß sich die Bewölkungssysteme manchmal während ihrer Entwicklung verstärken, manchmal abschwächen. Die Art der Weiterentwicklung hängt unter anderem von der Stärke der zugeordneten Vorticity ab. In dieser Arbeit werden die Zusammenhänge zur Vorticity untersucht und Schwellwerte der Vorticity aufgestellt. Werden die Schwellwerte, die für die einzelnen Systeme verschieden sind, überschritten, so kann mit einer bestimmten Wahrscheinlichkeit auf Verstärkung (weitere Wetterwirksamkeit) geschlossen werden. Werden die Schwellen unterschritten, kann Abschwächung des Systems angenommen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247735
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rainstorms which contributed greatest areal rain depths in India (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 119-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Analyse einer großen Zahl von Groß-Regenfällen in Verbindung mit tropischen Depressionen, Zyklonen und schweren Unwettern hat ergeben, daß Groß-Regenfälle im September 1880 und im Juli 1927 über die Niederung des Landes die größten Flächenniederschlagshöhen in Indien brachten. Diese Rekord-Niederschlagshöhen wurden für verschiedene Flächengrößen und Andauern bestimmt und mit ähnlichen Rekord-Flächenniederschlagshöhen über dem tropischen Gebiet der USA verglichen. Diese Untersuchung hat gezeigt, daß für Andauern von zwei und drei Tagen die Rekord-Flächenniederschlagshöhen in Indien größer waren als in den USA. Für die Andauer von einem Tag waren bis zu einer Fläche von 5180 km2 (2000 Quadratmeilen) diese Flächenniederschlagshöhen in den USA größer, für größere Flächen waren sie aber in Indien entweder größer oder nahezu gleich wie in den USA.
    Notes: Summary On the basis of analysis of a large number of rainstorms associated with tropical disturbances such as depressions, cyclonic storms and severe storms, it has been found that September, 1880 and July, 1927 rainstorms over the plain areas of the country gave the highest areal rain depths in India. These rain depths have been worked out for different areas and durations and have been compared with the similar areal rain depths over the tropical region of USA. This study has shown that for durations of 2 and 3 days, Indian areal rain depths have been higher in magnitude when compared to USA rain depths. For one-day duration, upto 5180 sq.km (2000 sq.miles) area, USA areal rain depths are greater, while for larger areas Indian rain depths are either higher or almost equal with that of USA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247737
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of VLF atmospherics during tropical thunderstorms (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Während der Monsun-, Premonsun- und Postmonsunzeiten über der tropischen Station Calcutta bei Gewittern auftretende Atmospherics zeigen einige typische Charakteristiken. In allen Fällen ist ein stufenweises Ansteigen (GRA) und ein gleichmäßiges Abklinge (SRA) der Atmospherics festgestellt worden. Zwischen diesen zwei Änderungen tritt eine plötzliche Steigerung der Atmospherics (SEA) auf, die manchmal aus zwei Komponenten SEA1 und SEA2 zusammengesetzt ist. Diese bei 10 und 20 kHz beobachteten Tatbstände der integrierten Feldintensität der Atmospherics (IFIA) wurden in ihrer Beziehung zu Monsun-, premonsunalen und postmonsunalen Gewittern kritisch untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß der Niederschlag während der Monsun- und postmonsunalen Gewitter mit dem gleichmäßigen Rückgang der IFIA verbunden ist, während er bei den premonsunalen Gewittern mit der zweiten plötzlichen Steigerung der Atmospherics in Verbindung steht. Diese Anomalien wurden mit Ladungstrennungen in Gewittern in Zusammenhang gebracht. Ferner wurden auch die Unterschiede der entsprechenden Amplituden bei 10 und 20 kHz bei den verschiedenen Variationen der IFIA kritisch untersucht.
    Notes: Summary Thunderstorm associated atmospherics during the monsoon, premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons over the tropical station Calcutta show some typical characteristics. In all the cases gradual rise of atmospherics (GRA) and steady recovery of atmospherics (SRA) have been found. In between the above two changes, there is the sudden enhancement of atmospherics (SEA) which is some times composed of two components SEA1 and SEA2. All the above facts of the integrated field intensity of atmospherics (IFIA) observed at 10 and 20 kHz have been critically examined here in relation to monsoon, premonsoon and postmonsoon thunderstorms. The results exhibit that the precipitation is associated with the steady recovery of IFIA during the monsoon and postmonsoon thunderstorms while that during premonsoon thunderstorms is associated with the second sudden enhancement. These anomalies have been interpreted in terms of charge separation within thunderclouds. Moreover, the difference of the respective amplitudes at 10 and 20 kHz of the different variations of IFIA have also been critically focussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247738
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical model of an elliptic vortex in the Ligurian Sea (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 157-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine mit der H-N-Methode durchgeführte numerische Berechnung hat die Existenz einer zyklonalen elliptischen Zelle im inneren Teil des Liguirischen Meeres ergeben. Dieses Resultat ist in Übereinstimmung mit dem auf einer Kreuzfahrt im März 1952 im selben Gebiet experimentell entdeckten Wirbel. Es wurde der Einfluß der seitlichen Küstenbergrenzungen am nordöstlichen Zugang zum Becken des Tyrrhenischen Meeres in Rechnung gezogen und die Annahme südlicher Winde als treibenden Mechanismus für diesen Wirbel besprochen.
    Notes: Summary A numerical calculation computed by the H-N method has shown the existence of a cyclonic elliptic cell in the inner part of the Ligurian Sea. This result agrees with an experimental vortex discovered in the same area during a cruise in March 1952. The influence of the lateral coastal boundaries at the north-eastern entrance of the basin into the Tyrrheinian Sea has been taken into account and the hypothesis of southerly winds as the forcing mechanism of this vortex has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247740
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
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    Tektonische, gravimetrische und seismische Untersuchungen in einem Senkungsgebiet der Böhmischen Masse (Niederösterreich) (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 167-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Seismic and gravimetric measurements as well as investigations of the orientation of joints were made in the basin of Horn in Lower Austria. In this region, Tertiary sediments overlie mica-schists and phyllites of the Bohemian Massif. The investigations show that the top of the basement can be found with great accuracy by the geophysical methods employed. It is also seen that the joint orientations in the Bohemian Massif correspond to those expectable from the action of the regional “European” neotectonic stress system.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Horner Becken (Niederösterreich) wurden Kluftmessungen, gravimetrische Aufnahmen und seismische Messungen durchgeführt. In dieser Gegend liegen tertiäre Ablagerungen auf Glimmerschiefern und Phylliten der Böhmischen Masse. Die Arbeit zeigt, daß die Anwendung geophysikalischer Methoden die Grenze und den Verlauf des Grundgebirges mit hoher Genauigkeit feststellen läßt. Weiters ist ersichtlich, daß auch in der Böhmischen Masse die Kluftstellungen dem großräumigen neotektonischen Spannungsfeld entsprechen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247741
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
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    Gefügeelektrische Anisotropieuntersuchungen an Gesteinsproben (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 179-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A new method is described in determining the anisotropic character of rocks concerning its fabric and its electrical properties. Low frequency capacities and high frequency conductivities of brine-saturated rocks and pure electrolytes are used to measure the electrical and fabric characteristics of anisotropic rocks.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Gefügeelektrische Parameter von Gesteinen werden unter Verwendung von Kapazitätsbestimmungen bei Niederfrequenz und durch Leitfähigkeitsmessungen bei hohen Frequenzen ermittelt. Diese Untersuchungen werden einerseits an Gesteinsproben, andererseits an reinen Elektrolytlösungen, die zum Sättigen von Gesteinsproben dienen, vorgenommen. Dabei konnten Anisotropieerscheinungen beobachtet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247742
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
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    Eine Anlage zur Registrierung der Atmospherics bei 10 und 27 kHz (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 143-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The device consists of a narrow-band active receiving antenna with two separate antenna bodies for the frequencies of 10 and 27 kHz, respectively. Each body contains a block of ferrite rods with a wire coil and condensers, a fully integrated signal amplifier, an impedance transformer and an electronic thermostat. The received atmospherics impulses are conducted to a signal processor. Here they are transformed to pulses of constant amplitude which are summed up and stored in a sample-and-hold-circuit. After every ten pulses the storage circuit is automatically discharged. The device can separate strong periodical interference pulses from the statistically occurring natural atmospherics and eliminate them. It can also indicate signals originating from blizzards as high narrow peaks. Some examples of registered patterns of atmospherics in different weather situations are shown.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Anlage besteht aus einer schmalbandigen aktiven Empfangsantenne mit zwei getrennten Antennenkörpern für die Empfangsfrequenzen 10 und 27 kHz. Jeder Antennenkörper enthält einen Block von Ferritstäben mit Drahtwicklung und Kondensatoren, einen vollintegrierten Signalverstärker, einen Impedanzwandler sowie einen elektronischen Thermostaten. Die empfangenen Atmospherics-Impulse werden in einer Signalverarbeitungsanlage zu Impulsen konstanter Amplitude verformt und in einer Speicherschaltung (Sample-and-Hold-Schaltung) aufsummiert. Nach Eingang von jeweils 10 Impulsen wird der Speicher automatisch entladen. Die Anordnung hat ferner die Eigenschaft, starke periodische Störimpulse von den stochastischen Atmospherics-Signalen der Natur zu trennen und zu unterdrücken sowie Blitzsignale als hohe Spitzen erkennbar werden zu lassen. Einige Registrierbeispiele zeigen die bei verschiedenen Wetterlagen auftretenden Impulsmuster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247739
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  • 108
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 193-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247743
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  • 109
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 66-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021075
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  • 110
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    Einfluß von unterschiedlichen Proteinmengen im Futter auf die Metabolitengehalte, NAD+/NADH-Redoxverhältnisse und Enzymaktivitäten in der Leber der Ratte (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 57-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021074
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  • 111
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    Mitteilungen (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 69-69 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021076
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
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    Schulverpflegung mit gekühlten Speisen (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 95-102 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021393
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  • 113
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    Mitteilungen (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 145-145 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021398
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  • 114
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    Studies on organ-specific alkaline phosphatases in relation to its diagnostic value (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 154-158 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of pH on tissue alkaline phosphatases have been investigated in different human tissues. Different isoenzymes have been observed in different organs. Bone and liver were similar in having the isoenzymes optimally active at 9.4 and pH 9.9. The kidney has a single alkaline phosphatase optimally active at pH 9.2, while the adrenal gland has two isoenzymes of optimum pH 9.2 and 10.1. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase was optimally active at pH 9.7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018779
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  • 115
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    Boulti (Tilapia nilotica Linn.) fish paste 1. Preparation and chemical composition (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 159-162 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Boulti fish (Tilapia nilotica Linn.) from Naser's lake in Aswan was converted to a ready marketable product (paste) in aluminium tubes. The quality of the product was ascertained by chemical indices. The product has a good flavour and can be kept for 5 weeks without undesirable changes. It is concluded that the production of fish paste in aluminium tubes is one of the possibilities of converting fish to precooked product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018780
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  • 116
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    Red blood cells amino-acid pattern in protein energy malnutrition and the effect of oral dosing with single amino acids (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary R.B.C.'s amino acid pattern was investigated in control and PEM subjects. The effect of oral dosing with cysteine, tryptophan and lysine on total amino acid nitrogen level of R.B.C.s was also studied. Results revealed that in moderate and severe kwashiorkor the total essential and non-essential R.B.C.'s amino acids were decreased. In 2nd grade marasmus the total R.B.C.'s amino acids in general showed lower values than normal. After oral administration of the tested amino acids, the transport index calculated as the level of maximum value of the total R.B.C.'s amino acids reached to the fasting level was lower in malnourished cases relative to controls except in 2nd grade marasmic cases given tryptophan or lysine. This criteria was considered to indicate lower rate of amino acid transport to R.B.C.s due to lower concentration in plasma or shift of transport mechanism from active transport to exchange diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018778
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  • 117
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    System Dynamics in inventory and production planning (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 143-168 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Elemente der Modellierungskonzeption System Dynamics werden beschrieben und anhand von zwei einfachen Lager- und Produktionsplanungsmodellen demonstriert. Nach der Darstellung des Aufbaus eines implementierten System Dynamics Modells wird die Anwendbarkeit dieses Modellierungskonzeptes kritisch analysiert.
    Notes: Summary The fundamentals of the modelling approach System Dynamics are described and illustrated by two simple inventory and production planning models. After discussing the structure of an implemented System Dynamics model the applicability of this modelling approach is critically analysed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719338
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  • 118
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    Ein heuristisches Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Fahrplänen in der Container-Schiffahrt (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 169-181 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This paper discusses a heuristic algorithm for solving a special scheduling problem: the assignment of a set of ships to a set of routes under specific complex restrictions. The usefulness of the resulting schedule is demonstrated by comparisation with a given schedule for container ships in the Europe — Australia — NewZealand service.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein heuristisches Verfahren zur Lösung eines besonderen Reihenfolgeproblems behandelt: die Zuordnung einer Menge von Schiffen zu einer Menge von Routen unter besonderen, komplexen Bedingungen. Die Brauchbarbeit des sich ergebenden Fahrplans wird durch Vergleich mit einem gegebenen Fahrplan für Container-Schiffe im Liniendienst zwischen Europa und Australien/Neuseeland veranschaulicht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719339
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  • 119
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    Personalaufwandsplanung mit Hilfe eines erweiterten linearen Modells (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 183-198 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Personnel expense planning is of great importance within big enterprise corporate planning. Orientation points are given from total economic development and from the market. The task is to find out personnel expense depending on personnel figures, work time requirement, etc. by implementation of a general matrix model. Non linear components are includet. The model runs in routine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Personalaufwandsplanung hat für die Unternehmensplanung eines Großunternehmens besondere Bedeutung. Orientierungspunkte dabei sind die gesamtwirtschaftliche Entwicklung und die Absatzmarktlage. Aufgabe ist die Ermittlung des Personalaufwands in Abhängigkeit von Belegschaftszahlen, Arbeitszeitbedarf usw. mit Hilfe eines allgemeinen Matrizenmodells, das auch nichtlineare Komponenten enthält. Das Modell ist routinemäßig im Einsatz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719340
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  • 120
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    Eingegangene Bücher (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 209-209 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719343
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  • 121
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 207-209 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719342
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  • 122
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    Tagungen (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 210-210 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719344
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  • 123
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    Dependence of the parity-condition parameter on the combat-intensity parameter for Lanchester-type equations of modern warfare (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 199-205 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Diese Arbeit untersucht die Parameter-Abhängigkeit von Ergebnissen kriegerischer Auseinandersetzungen zweier homogener Gegner (insbesondere Vernichtung eingesetzter Kräfte), die mit Gleichungen der Lanchester-Theorie mit zeitabhängigen Verlustraten modelliert werden. Es wurde gezeigt, daß die Vorhersage der Vernichtung von Kräften von sogenannten Paritätsbedingungen nur von Verlustraten abhängen. Neue wichtige Ergebnisse geben Auskunft, wie diese Paritätsbedingungen von der Kampfintensität und der relativen Feuereffektivität der Gegner abhängen. Bisherige analytische Ergebnisse des Autors können Anwendung in einer viel umfangreicheren Art von Verlustraten finden. Diese neuen Ergebnisse erlauben es, daß eine umfangreiche Art von Gleichungen der LanchesterTheorie moderner Kriegsführung mit zeitlicher Feuereffektivitätsveränderung beinahe so leicht untersucht werden können, wie das klassische Modell von Lanchester mit konstanter Verlustrate.
    Notes: Summary This paper studies the parametric dependence of battle outcome (in particular, force annihilation) for combat between two homogeneous forces modelled by Lanchester-type equations of modern warfare with time-dependent attrition-rate coefficients. Force-annihilation prediction has been shown to depend on a so-called parity-condition parameter, which depends on only the attrition-rate coefficients. New important results are given on how the parity-condition parameter depends on the intensity of combat and the relative fire effectiveness of the combatants. Previous analytical results of the author are shown to apply to a much wider class of attrition-rate coefficients. These new results allow a wide class of Lanchester-type equations of modern warfare with temporal variations in fire effectiveness to be studied almost as easily as Lanchester's classic constant-coefficient model.
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    Clusteranalyse — Überblick und neuere Entwicklungen (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 211-232 
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    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This article gives an overview on the mathematical methods of cluster analysis. It describes algorithms for constructing homogeneous classes of objects, several criteria for the evaluation of classifications, and some examples of application.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die mathematischen Methoden der Clusteranalyse. Er berichtet über Algorithmen zur Konstruktion von homogenen Objektklassen, über Verfahren zur Bewertung von Klassifikationen sowie über praktische Anwendungsfälle.
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    Selected applications of all-Quadratic programming (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 243-249 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Selected real-world nonlinear programming applications are presented that have arisen in different industries, namely food, electric utility, insurance and engineering. The models belong to the class of all-quadratic programs, that is, a quadratic function is to be minimized subject to quadratic constraints. The problems are solved by means of computer software for the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) and for Geometric Programming.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über einige ausgewählte Anwendungen der nichtlinearen Programmierung berichtet, die in unterschiedlichen Wirtschaftszweigen aufgetreten sind, nämlich in der Nahrungsmittelindustrie, in der Energieversorgungswirtschaft, in der Versicherungswirtschaft und im Maschinenbau. Die Modelle gehören der Klasse der ganz-quadratischen Programme an, d.h. eine quadratische Zielfunktion ist zu minimieren unter quadratischen Nebenbedingungen. Die Optimierungsprobleme werden mit Hilfe von Computersoftware für die Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) und für die Geometrische Programmierung gelöst.
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    The method of value oriented successive approximations for the average reward Markov decision process (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 233-242 
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    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir betrachten Markoffsche Entscheidungsprozesse mit endlichem Zustands- und Aktionenräumen für das Kriterium des Durchschnittsertrags. Wir untersuchen die Methode der wertorientierten sukzessiven Approximation, die für das Kriterium des Gesamtertrags von Van Nunen ausführlich untersucht wurde. Unter einer starken Aperiodizitätsbedingung und verschiedenen Voraussetzungen, die eine Unabhängigkeit des optimalen Durchschnittsertrages vom Anfangszustand garantieren, beweisen wir die Konvergenz der Methode.
    Notes: Summary We consider the Markov decision process with finite state and action spaces at the criterion of average reward per unit time. We study the method of value oriented successive approximations, extensively treated by Van Nunen for the total reward case. Under a strong aperiodicity assumption and various conditions which guarantee that the gain of the process is independent of the starting state we show that the method converges and produces nearly optimal policies.
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    Sensitivitätsindices für Knoten und Kanten eines Netzes (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 261-264 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In network applications the problem of sensitivity often is of great practical interest. The aim of this paper is to provide indices of sensitivity for the arcs and vertices of a network, depending on the number of paths running through. In connection with a powerful algorithm for computing these numbers, the indices will be useful for considerations of sensitivity.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Sensitivitätsbetrachtungen in Netzen sind in vielen praktischen Anwendungsfällen von großem Interesse. In dieser Arbeit werden für die Knoten und Kanten eines Netzes Sensitivitätsindices angegeben, die auf der Anzahl der durch sie verlaufenden Wege des Netzes basieren. Zusammen mit einem leistungsfähigen Algorithmus zur Berechnung dieser Anzahlen stellen diese Indices ein brauchbares Mittel für Sensitivitätsbetrachtungen in Netzen dar.
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    Integration eines heuristisch-optimierenden Verfahrens zur Lösung eines eindimensionalen Verschnittproblems in einem EDV-gestützten Produktionsplanungs- und-Steuerungssystem (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 251-259 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This contribution describes the solution of an one-dimensional cutting problem in the context of a production control system. The solution of the cutting problem is demonstrated at the example of the production of central heating radiator units. The procedure is subdivided in an initial heuristic phase in order to concentrate the problem description. Afterwards an optimization phase is added to find the best solution of the reduced problem by using Linear Programming. Test results of field experiences are given. The last part of the contribution shows the integration of this solution in the global material and machine planning and control moduls. This is done by the determination of the interfaces of the batch oriented production control system and the process control of an NC saw machine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag wird am Beispiel der Produktion von Radiator-Heizungskörpern die Lösung des Zuschnittproblems der Vor- und Rücklaufrohre mit einem heuristisch-optimierenden Verfahren dargestellt. Die heuristische Vorschaltphase des Verfahrens ermöglicht bei geschickter Wahl der Kriterien eine Reduktion der Dimension des Verschnittproblems, ohne die Lösungsgüte unzulässig einzuschränken. Im Rahmen der reduzierten Problembeschreibung folgt anschließend die Optimierungsphase durch Anwendung der Linearen Programmierung. Es werden Testergebnisse im praktischen Einsatz des Verfahrens beschrieben. Weiterhin wird die Betrachtung der Integration des Verfahrens in ein globales EDV-gestütztes Produktionsplanungs- und -steuerungssystem behandelt, indem die Schnittstellen in der Material- und Terminbewirtschaftung zwischen dem stapelorientierten Planungskonzept und der Prozeßkontrolle einer NC-Sägeanlage definiert werden.
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    Dank den Referenten (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 265-265 
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    Eingegangene Bücher (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 270-270 
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 265-270 
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    Tagungen (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 271-272 
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    IFORS '81 — Hamburg — 20, bis 24. Juli 1981 (1980)
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    OR spectrum 1 (1980), S. 272-272 
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    A simulation study of hierarchical production-inventory control (1980)
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    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 79-89 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer Simulationsstudie werden mehrere hierarchische Methoden zur Produktionsplanung und Lagerhaltung untersucht, die zusammen mit der Materialbedarfsplanung eingesetzt werden können. Die verwendeten Daten stammen aus einem Unternehmen, dessen Endprodukt eine komplexe Struktur besitzt. In dem zunächst gebildeten aggregierten Modell werden alle Teilprodukte zu einer Produktgruppe und alle Maschinen zu einer Maschinengruppe zusammengefaßt. Mit Hilfe verschiedener Lösungsmethoden wurde dieses aggregierte Planungsproblem gelöst. Ausgehend von der Optimallösung des aggregierten Modells wird der detaillierte Produktionsplan in der Weise ermittelt, daß durch Variation der Freigabezeiten und durch Variation der Auftragsgrößen dieser an die Optimallösung möglichst gut angepaßt wird. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, daß sehr einfache hierarchische Planungsmethoden signifikante Kostenminderungen verglichen mit einer Materialbedarfsplanung auf der Basis prognostizierter Nachfragen ergeben können.
    Notes: Summary Hierarchical planning methods which can be utilized in connection with material requirements planning have been evaluated in a simulation study. Data have been obtained from a company producing one final product having a complex structure. In the aggregate model all items are aggregated into one product group and all machines into one machine group. Different solution methods have been used for solving the aggregate planning problem. The aggregate plan is disaggregated by adjusting the detailed production plans using two methods involving changes of order release times and changes of order quantities. Our results indicate that also very simple hierarchical planning processes can give significant cost reductions compared to using material requirements planning based on predicted demand.
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    Nachruf auf Prof. Hans Hornich (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 1-8 
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    Gleichverteilung und Quadratwurzelschnecke (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 19-44 
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    Notes: Abstract A new proof of a theorem of W. Neiss is given that the rays of the Quadratwurzelschnecke are uniformly distributed mod 2 π. The exact order of the discrepancy of the sequence is determined. Multidimensional generalizations of this sequence are also considered. It is shown that the Quadratwurzelschnecke is something like a roulette.
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    Maße für gerichtete Geraden und nicht-symmetrische Pseudometriken in der Ebene II (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 45-56 
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    Notes: Abstract We continue our investigations started in a paper with the same title. The γ-length of a curve defined in this paper can be written as an integral along the curve. Furthermore, we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a measure of orientated lines which generates a given non-symmetric pseudo-metric.
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    [FIA] B − Gruppen und Hypergruppen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 9-17 
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    Notes: Abstract The spaceG B of $$\bar B$$ -orbits of an [FIA] B − groupG is a commutative hypergroup (=commutative convo in Jewett's terminology). Its space of “hypergroup characters” is a hypergroup itself (see [3]) which can be identified withE (G, B) (the extreme points ofB-invariant positive definite continuous functionsp:G→ℂ withp (e)=1), endowed with the topology of compact convergence. We determine the structure space ofL 1 (E(G, B), μ PL ) whereμ PL is the Plancherel measure (which is the “Haar measure” ofE(G, B)) and characterize the convolution algebrasM (E(G, B)) andL 1 (E(G, B)) via the inverse Fourier-Stieltjes transformation.
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    Un exemple concernant le comportement asymptotique de la solution bornée de l'équationd 2 u/dt 2∈∂ϕ (u) (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 57-67 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove that there exist in the Hilbert spacel 2 a lower semicontinuous convex function ϕ andu o such that the bounded and strong solutionu of the equation (d 2 u/dt 2) (t)∈∂ϕ (u(t)),t〉0,u(0)=u o is weakly but not strongly convergent inl 2 ast→+∞.
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    Multiple lattice packings and coverings of spheres (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 69-76 
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    Notes: Abstract Let Λ be a lattice inR n . Consider the systemS of unit spheres centered at the lattice points of Λ.S is called ak-fold lattice packing (covering) if each point inR n lies in at most (least)k of the open (closed) spheres ofS. Letd k n (D k n ) be the density of the closest (thinnest)k-fold lattice packing (covering) ofR n . After dealing several cases left by G. Fejes Tóth and A. Florian, we have concluded thatd k n 〉kd 1 n for all (n, k) (n≥2,k≥2) except (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4); andD k 3 〈k D 1 3 for allk≥2.
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    Some more predictable continued fractions (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 95-100 
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    Notes: Abstract The continued fraction expansions of a certain class of numbers of the form. $$u^{ - k_0 } \pm u^{ - k_1 } \pm u^{ - k_2 } \pm ...$$ have a definite pattern.
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    Die konvexen Polytope im ℝ4, bei denen alle Facetten reguläre Tetraeder sind (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 87-93 
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    Notes: Abstract All Convex Polytopes in ℝ 4 the Facets of Which Are Regular Tetrahedra. Continuing in ℝ n (n≥4) the study of convex polytopes the facets of which are regular, it is proved: Regular polytopes and the two bipyramids over the tetrahedron and the icosahedron are the only convex polytopes in ℝ4 the facets of which are regular tetrahedra.
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 77-86 
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    Special subdivisions ofK 4 and 4-chromatic graphs (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 101-109 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we consider special subdivisions ofK 4 in which some of the edges are left undivided. A best possible extremal-result for the case where the edges of a Hamiltonian path are left undivided is obtained. Moreover special subdivisions as subgraphs of 4-chromatic graphs are studied. Our main-result on 4-chromatic graphs says that any 4-critical graphG contains an odd cycleC without diagonals such thatG-V (C) is connected.
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    Diskrepanz von Ketten II (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 131-140 
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    Notes: Abstract In the main part of the paper thep-discrepancy of chains is studied. The paper is a continuation of [4].
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    A note on periodic points for ergodic toral automorphisms (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 121-129 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove that the periodic point measures are dense in the space or invariant measures for ergodic toral automorphisms.
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    Gleichmäßige Verteilung von Punkten in gewissen metrischen Räumen, speziell auf der Kugel (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 111-120 
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    Notes: Abstract To measure the uniformity of such a distribution, a new notion of discrepancy (D LV) is studied, which combines two interesting features: 1) The infinite sequences, which are uniformly distributed (in the usual sense), are characterized byD LV→0 under rather general conditions on the space. 2) Forn points on the sphere,n∈{4, 6, 12},D LV attains its minimum for the vertices of a regular polyhedron.
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    On density properties of certain subgroups with boundedness conditions (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 141-162 
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    Notes: Abstract LetG be a locally compact group acting on a topological space. Here we define some boundedness conditions for the action. For a nondiscrete locally compact vector spaceV andg∈G L (V), layering structures forV and the projective spaceP (V) ofV are obtained. From the layering structures, we derive then density properties of subgroups ofG with boundedness conditions. We generalize the Borel density theorem and Prasad's theorem on automorphisms of algebraic semi-simple groups. Some new results onp-adic groups are added.
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    On rank 3 projective designs (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 175-183 
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    Notes: Abstract The finite projective designs with rank 3 collineation groupsG such thatG p =G l for some point-block pair (P, l) are divided into 4 classes. 2 of these classes are formed by the Paley designs and the designs complementary to the Paley designs. For the other 2 classes restrictions on the parameters are obtained. In particular it is shown that the only such design having λ=1 is the projective plane of order 2.
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    Cylindrical measures on vector lattices and random measures (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 185-204 
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    Notes: Abstract We study the problem under what conditions a cylindrical measure on a locally convex vector lattice is a Radon measure on the positive cone of the vector lattice. For some special vector lattices necessary and sufficient conditions are given. These results are applied to the construction of random measures on not necessarily locally compact state spaces.
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 171-174 
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    Orthogonale Erzeugendenpolygone auf einschaligen Hyperboloiden (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 163-170 
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    Notes: Abstract The question whether there exist closed orthogonal polygons formed by generators of a given hyperboloid is a poristic problem: For a prescribed number 2n of sides there exists either no polygon of the required kind or an infinite continuous set of such polygons. After having led back the solution to the classic theorem of Poncelet, closure conditions are developed for the casesn=2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
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    Analytische Vektoren von Faltungshalbgruppen III. Potentiale von Faltungshalbgruppen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 205-218 
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    Notes: Abstract We continue the investigation of [2]–[5]. It is shown that potentials of convolution semigroups are local pseudomeasures. We study positive and almost positive local pseudomeasures and give some examples and applications.
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    Connected components of arithmetic graphs (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 219-222 
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    Notes: Abstract Let $$R \subseteq \left\{ {1,2,...,m} \right\}$$ . LetG m (R) be the graph whose vertices are the numbers 1, 2, ...,m and whose edges are all pairs {a, b} such thata+b≡r (modm) for somer∈R. LetC m (R) be the number of connected components ofG m (R). Letd be the greatest common divisor ofm and the differencesr j −r j or allr i ,r j ∈R. ThenC m (R) is equal to (i) (d+1)/2 ifd is odd, (ii)d/2 ifd is even andr is odd for allr∈R, or (iii) (d/2)+1 ifd is even andr is even for allr∈R.
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    Gitterpunkte in Bereichenx n +y m ≤R,x≥0,y≥0 (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 223-233 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with estimates for the number of lattice points (i. e. points of the plane with integer coordinates) in the domains indicated above. For a wide class of real exponentsn andm the exact order of magnitude of the error term is determined and its behaviour for growingR is discussed.
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    Leben und Wirken Kurt Gödels (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. ii 
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    Remarks on the fixed-point algebras of product type actions (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 235-242 
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    Notes: Abstract A description is given of the lattice of all two-sided ideals of the fixed-point algebra of a product type action of a finite group on a UHF-algebra.
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 253-260 
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    Eine Erweiterung des Riemann-Lebesgue-Lemmas (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 315-322 
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    Notes: Abstract It is proved that iff∈L 1(ℝ),f'∈L 1(ℝ) and ∫∣x∣ i ∣f(x)∣dx〈∞ fori=1, ...,k−1 and ifA=(a ij ) is a (k×k)-matrix with non-vanishing determinant, for $$\tilde f_A (\zeta ): = \smallint \exp (i\zeta _1 \sum\limits_{j = 1}^k {a_{1j} x^j } + ... + i\zeta _k \sum\limits_{j = 1}^k {a_{kj} x^j } )f(x)dx$$ the following relation holds: $$\tilde f_A (\zeta ) = O(\left\| \zeta \right\|)^{ - b_k } with b_k : = (\sum\limits_{j = 1}^k {j!)^{ - 1} } for k \in \mathbb{N}$$ .
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    Quadratic residues and the distribution of prime numbers (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 91-100 
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    Notes: Abstract D. Shanks [11] has given a heuristical argument for the fact that there are “more” primes in the non-quadratic residue classes modq than in the quadratic ones. In this paper we confirmShanks' conjecture in all casesq〈25 in the following sense. Ifl 1 is a quadratic residue,l 2 a non-residue modq, ε(n, q, l 1,l 2) takes the values +1 or −1 according ton≢l 1 orl 2 modq, then $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to \infty } \sum\limits_p {\varepsilon (p,q,l_1 ,l_2 )} \log pp^{ - \alpha } \exp ( - (\log p)^2 /x) = - \infty$$ for 0≤α〈1/2. In the general case the same holds, if all zeros ϱ=β+yγ of allL(s, χ modq),q fix, satisfy the inequality β2−γ2〈1/4.
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    Functions of translation type and functorial properties of Segal algebras I (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 101-115 
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    Notes: Abstract In [9]H. Reiter introduced functions of translation type on a locally compact group to show some functorial properties of the spaceS (G) of Schwartz-Bruhat functions. We shall investigate functorial properties of the Segal algebraP 1 (G) which is defined by means of a more general version of functions of translation type without using a norm. Furthermore we shall introduce a new Segal algebraE 1 (G) that is closely related to these functorial properties.
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    Surfaces with parallel normalized mean curvature vector (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 185-194 
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    Notes: Abstract A surfaceM in a Riemannian manifold is said to have parallel normalized mean curvature vector if the mean curvature vector is nonzero and the unit vector in the direction of the mean curvature vector is parallel in the normal bundle. In this paper, it is proved that every analytic surface in a euclideanm-spaceE m with parallel normalized mean curvature vector must either lies in aE 4 or lies in a hypersphere ofE m as a minimal surface. Moreover, it is proved that if a Riemann sphere inE m has parallel normalized mean curvature vector, then it lies either in aE 3 or in a hypersphere ofE m as a minimal surfaces. Applications to the classification of surfaces with constant Gauss curvature and with parallel normalized mean curvature vector are also given.
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    Achtdimensionale lokalkompakte Translationsebenen mit großen kompakten Kollineationsgruppen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 207-218 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper is part of a program aiming at the classification of all higher-dimensional locally compact translation planes whose collineation groups have large dimension. In the present paper we determine all eight-dimensional locally compact translation planes which admit acompact collineation group Σ of dimension at least 5 acting almost effectively on the translation axis. In fact, Σ is isomorphic either to Spin4ℝ or toSO 4(ℝ). The case∑ ≅ Spin4(ℝ) has already been treated elsewhere ([6]). Here, the planes with∑ ≅SO 4(ℝ) are explicitly determined and studied in detail.
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    On Dirichlet's approximation theorem (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 229-232 
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    Notes: Abstract Though we cannot improve on the upper bound in Dirichlet's approximation theorem,Kaindl has shown that the upper bound can be lowered fromt n tot n −t n−1−t n−2−...−t−1, if we admit equality. We show thatKaindl's upper bound is lowest possible in this case. The result is then generalized to linear forms.
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    Eine Topologie auf der Menge der endlichdimensionalen nichtassoziativen Algebren über einem lokalen Körper (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 219-228 
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    Notes: Abstract Motivated by an investigation ofKuz'min [2], in this note we introduce a topology on the set $$\mathfrak{A}_\gamma (F)$$ of nonassociative algebras of a fixed dimensionr〈∞ over a local fieldF. We obtain a space, which is notT 1. If the trivial algebra $$\mathfrak{A}_0^\gamma $$ is removed, the remaining subspace is quasicompact. The space is homeomoprhic to the group of square classes ofF *; forr≥3 the space is notT 1. The set of division algebras is open in .
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    Some remarks on invariant means (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 233-235 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that certain invariant means are unique.
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    Ein Beitrag zur Suche der Extremstelle einer strikt unimodalen Funktion (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 237-248 
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    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous interval elimination is considered in order to shorten the length of the interval containing the location of the maximum value of a strictly unimodal function on the unit interval. As well known, the optimal choice of the points of evaluation is not unique, if the maximum value of spacings is used as an objective function. It is shown in this note that the mean value gives unique optimal solutions.
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    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 249-258 
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    Some results on hypertranscendental meromorphic functions (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 267-289 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with conditions under which a meromorphic function cannot satisfy any algebraic differential equation having coefficients in a given field of meromorphic functions. The conditions given involve the growth of the function, a representation for the function, or the sequence of zeros and poles of the function.
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    Automorphism groups of finite distributive lattices with a given sublattice of fixed points (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 259-266 
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    Notes: Abstract For a latticeL, a∈L is a fixed point ofL if and only iff(a)=a for every automorphismf ofL. Let Aut (L) andS (L) denote the group of automorphisms ofL and the sublattice of fixed points ofL, respectively. It is shown that ifG is a finite group other thanZ 2 2 ,Z 2 3 ,Z 2 4 ,Z 3 2 or the quaternion group of order 8 andL is a finite automorphism free distributive lattice that is not near Boolean then there is a finite distributive latticeL′ such that Aut (L′)≇G andS(L′)≇L.
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    An asymptotic relation between the extreme discrepancy and theL p -discrepancy (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 297-301 
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    Notes: Abstract An asymptotic expression for the difference between the extreme discrepancy and theL p -discrepancy of a sequence of points in thes-dimensional unit cube (0, 1] s ,s≥1, is given.
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    On regularities of the distribution of special sequences (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 291-295 
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    Notes: Abstract Ifp≥2 is an integer, then every nonnegative integerk is represented by an expression of the form $$k = \sum\nolimits_{i = 0}^s {a_i (k)p^i } $$ with integersa i (k), 0≤a i (k)≤p−1,i=0.1,...,s. The “radical-inverse function” to the basep,Φ p (k), is defined by $$\Phi _p (k) = \sum\nolimits_{i = 0}^s {a_i (k)p^{ - i - 1} } $$ . The sequence $$\omega = (\Phi _p (k))_{k = 0}^\infty $$ is uniformly distributed modulo 1 (it may be called a one-dimensional Halton sequence). In the casep=2 it is the van der Corput sequence. The set of all numbers β∈(0, 1] such that the “local” discrepancy $$\sum\nolimits_{k = 0\chi _{\left[ {0\beta } \right)} }^{n - 1} {\left( {\Phi _p (k)} \right) - } n\beta $$ is bounded inn is determined.
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    Polynomidentitäten und Darstellungen von Gruppen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 311-313 
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    Notes: Abstract Generalizing results in [1], [3], [5], and [7] it is shown that the algebra generated by the quasi-regular representation λ of a discrete groupG onl 2 (G/H) satisfies a standard polynomial identity if and only if λ (G) contains an abelian normal subgroup of finite index. An analogon for topological groups is also proved.
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    Eulerprodukte und diskrete Mittelwerte (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 303-309 
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    Notes: Abstract For a great class of Euler product functions (e. g. the Riemann ζ-function or the Ramanujan-functionL τ) it is shown by methods of uniform distribution that the equality $$(\mu ^{(n)} (U)^{l/n} )$$ holds for almost all Δ〉0. For countably many exceptional values of Δ there is a somewhat modified relation. This leads for all Δ〉0 to new results about the asymptotic behaviour of such a function on discrete sets.
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    Some criteria for Buchsbaum modules (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 331-337 
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    Notes: Abstract The paper gives a criterion for Buchsbaum modules over a local ringR which depends only on a finite system of elements ofR.
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    Eingegangene Bücher (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 347-348 
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    A sequence has almost nowhere small discrepancy (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 315-329 
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    Notes: Abstract LetD n (x) be the discrepancy function of a sequence in [0,1) as defined in the first lines of the introduction. A well known result ofW. M. Schmidt states that limsup n→∞ sup x |D n (x)|/logn≥1/100 for every sequence. In this paper it is proved that for every sequence sup x |D n (x)|/logn≥1/100 for almost all values ofn. A more refined assertion is given in Theorem 1, a more general one in Theorem 2, while it is proved in Theorem 3 that these results are essentially the best possible. Another result ofSchmidt is that for every sequence limsup n→∞|D n (x)|/loglogn≥1/2000 for almost allx in [0, 1). In this paper it is shown that for every sequence limsup n→∞|D n (x)|/logn≥1/400 for almost allx in [0, 1). Theorem 4 contains a more refined and Theorem 5 a more general statement. Finally Theorem 6 implies that also these results are essentially the best possible.
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    Aperiodische Wahrscheinlichkeitsmaße auf topologischen Gruppen (1980)
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    Monatshefte für Mathematik 90 (1980), S. 339-345 
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    Notes: Abstract Several conditions are shown to be equivalent to the aperiodicity of a regular probability measure μ on a locally compact, separated topological GroupG. In particular, μ is aperiodic if and only if the sequence ( $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{N \to \infty } N^{ - 1} \sum\limits_{n = 1}^N {|f(\sigma + i\Delta n)|^2 \mathop {\lim }\limits_{T \to \infty } T^{ - 1} \int\limits_0^T {|f(\sigma + it)|^2 } dt} $$ (μ (n) denoting then-th convolution power of μ) is convergent for any nonvoid open subsetU ofG with compact closure. It is always assumed that the support of μ generatesG as a closed semigroup.
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    Chemical and nutritional studies on roselle seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) (1980)
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    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 47-49 
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nicht extrahierte und extrahierte Rosellesamen (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) wurden zur Ermittlung von Feuchtigkeit, Rohprotein, ätherextrakt, stickstofffreiem Extrakt, Rohfasern, Asche, Calcium, Phosphor und Schwefel analysiert. Verdauungsversuche mit Hähnchen haben gezeigt: Verdaubares Rohprotein, gesamte verdaubare Nährstoffe, Stärkewert und kalkulierte Werte für metabolisierbare Energie für die nicht extrahierten Rosellesamen waren: 15,36%, 75,81%, 84,06% und 3184 kcal/kg entsprechend. Die entsprechenden Werte für die extrahierten Samen waren: 27,50%, 68,83%, 64,23% und 2891 kcal/kg. Iodnummer, Verseifungsnummer, Reichert-Meissel- und Polenske-Werte für Rosellesamen-öl waren: 15,63%, 258, 1,75 und 1,14 entsprechend.
    Notes: Summary Unextracted and extracted roselle seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) were analysed for determining moisture, crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen-free extract, crude fiber, ash, calcium, phosphorus and sulfur. Digestibility trials with cocks showed that the digestible crude protein, total digestible nutrients, starch value and calculated metabolizable energy for the unextracted roselle seeds were 15.36%, 75.81%, 84.06% and 3184 kcal/kg respectively, the corresponding values for the extracted seeds were 27.50%, 68.83%, 64.23% and 2891 kcal/kg. Iodine number, saponification number, Reichert-Meissel and Polenske values for the roselle seed oil were 15.63, 258, 1.75 and 1.14 respectively.
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    Evaluation of the effect of lead exposure on the liver in Egyptian lead tank welders (1980)
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    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 50-56 
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a group of Egyptian lead tank welders who were exposed to lead fumes for periods to 22 years the changes in serum lipids and some of the liver function tests which may elucidate the effect of lead on the liver were investigated. The results revealed increased blood lead level associated with decreased blood haemoglobin and increased urinary excretion of delta amino levulinic acid. However, no clinical abnormalities were recorded in the exposed group of the present work. Thus the increase in serum triglycerides and B-lipoprotein together with the lowering of the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio which were found may indicate premature development of atherosclerosis. Indirect evidence of the beginning of liver fattening was also provided by the increase in serum GOT, GPT, LDH enzymes and decreased albumin/globulin ratio besides the changes in serum lipid values. It is concluded therefore that lead poisoning may have a vascular as well as hepato-toxic action.
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    Effect of calories restriction and protein deficiency on protein metabolism in rats (1980)
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    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 166-172 
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The changes induced by the deficiency of calories or nitrogen on the protein metabolism in rats were investigated. Animals were fed either a restricted normal diet, a protein-deficient diet or control dietad libitum. Rats receiving protein-free diet failed to grow, while the growth of animals given restricted diet was less than those fedad libitum. Despite that, the dietary deficiency of either calories or proteins caused the loss of protein and increased the incorporation of 1−C14 glycine into liver proteins. The contents of liver-free amino acids and urea were significantly increased only in the protein-deficient rats.
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    The effect of vitamin B12 on tetracycline-induced fatty liver (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of vitamin B12 on the metabolic alterations due to tetracycline toxicity was studied experimentally on laboratory animals. Treatment of Sprague-Dawley rats with 120 or 250 mg tetracycline (i.p.) per kg per day for two or three days caused an accumulation of lipids, mainly triglycerides in the liver of 75% of animals studied, while phospholipid level tend to decrease. These doses are approximately twice and four times the recommended maximum dose for man. In the present work no direct relationship was observed between dose of tetracycline and hepatic accumulation of triglyceride, although livers of rats treated with 250 mg tetracycline/kg appeared uniformly pale yellow. Elevated serum triglyceride was found predominantly in rats treated with 120 mg/kg, while there was no obvious difference between serum triglyceride of rats treated with 250 mg tetracycline and control rats, indicating a block in the release of hepatic triglycerides. Where protection by vitamin B12 was studied, the vitamin was given i.m. (50 μg/ animal) 3 hours before the injection of 120 mg tetracycline per kg. There was a good evidence that lipid abnormalities caused by tetracycline improved by vitamin B12. Thus both hepatic and serum total lipid and triglycerides were significantly lower than those of rats treated with tetracycline, although hepatic total cholesterol was significantly increased as in case of tetracycline only.
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  • 183
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    Nutritional evaluation of sunflower-seed protein products (1980)
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    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 191-202 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Defatted sunflower-seed meal, sunflower-seed protein concentrate and protein isolate were fed to protein-depleted chicks. The effect of the enrichment of meal and of protein isolate with lysine, methionine, or a mixture of both on the nutritional value was investigated. Sunflower-seed protein products are primarily limited in lysine. Food consumption, weight gain and protein/efficiency ratio reveal superior performance of lysine- or lysine- and methionine-enriched meal or protein isolate, as compared to the correponding non-enriched products. Methionine enrichment does not improve the nutritional quality and even result in inferior performance. Non-enriched protein isolate supports better growth than non-enriched meal specially at later stages of chick growth.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018785
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  • 184
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    Some minerals' content of Egyptian feedstuffs (1980)
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    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 272-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Bestimmung von fünf Mineralien in den häufigsten ägyptischen Futtermitteln durchgeführt. Knochenmehl und Fischmehl haben den höchsten Calciumgehalt mit 33,43 % bzw. 9,25 %, während Weizen und andere Getreidearten die niedrigsten Werte besitzen: 0,04 % bzw. 0,02 %. Knochenmehl und Fleischmehl haben den höchsten Phosphorgehalt: 12,31 % bzw. 5,06 %, während Getreide und Weizenstroh die niedrigsten Werte haben: 0,26% und 0,23%. Fleisch- und Fischmehl haben den höchsten Schwefelgehalt, nämlich 0,89 % und 0,68 %, während Weizenstroh und Knochenmehl die niedrigsten Werte besitzen: 0,20% bzw. 0,18 %. Reis und Weizenkleie haben die höchsten Magnesiumwerte: 395,3 und 99,8 mg/kg. Den niedrigsten Gehalt zeigen Getreidekörner und Magermilchpulver, nämlich 7,2 und 3,1 mg/kg. Knochen- und Fleischmehl haben den höchsten Eisengehalt: 0,127 % bzw. 0,084 %, während Gerste und Magermilchpulver den niedrigsten Eisengehalt von allen Futtermitteln haben: 0,004 %.
    Notes: Summary Determination of five minerals for the more common Egyptian feedstuffs was conducted. Bone and fish meals contained the highest amounts of calcium, 33.43 and 9.25 %, while wheat and corn grains contained the lowest amounts, 0.04 and 0.02 %, respectively. Bone and meat meals contained the highest amounts of phosphorus, 12.31 and 5.06 %, while corn grains and wheat straw contained the lowest amounts, 0.26 and 0.23 %, respectively. Meat and fish meals contained the highest amounts of sulfur, 0.89 and 0.68 %, while wheat straw and bone meal contained the amounts of sulfur, 0.89 and 0.68 %, while wheat straw and bone meal contained the lowest amounts, 0.20 and 0.18%, respectively. Rice and wheat brans contained the highest amounts of manganese, 395.3 and 99.8 mg/kg, while corn grains and dried skim milk contained the lowest amounts, 7.2 and 3.1 mg/kg. Bone and meat meals contained the highest amounts of iron, 0.127 and 0.084 %, while barley and dried skim milk contained the lowest amounts, 0.004 for each feed material, respectively.
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  • 185
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    Erhöhung der Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase der Dünndarmmucosa bei fettreicher Ernährung (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 276-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The activity of alkaline phosphatase in small intestine mucosa was increased by about 40% in rats adapted to a high fat diet in comparison to high-carbohydrate-adapted animals. As high fat-feeding leads to an increase in the intestine's capacity to absorb fat, this finding is consistent with the hypothesis that alkaline phosphatase in the small intestine epithelium plays a role in fat absorption.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei fettreich gegenüber kohlenhydratreich ernährten Ratten wurden für die Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase der Dünndarmmucosa um ca. 40% höhere Werte gefunden. Dieser Befund steht mit der Hypothese im Einklang, da\ die alkalische Phosphatase des Dünndarmepithels bei der Fettresorption eine Rolle spielt, da fettreiche Ernährung auch zu einer Steigerung der Fettresorptionskapazität führt.
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  • 186
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    Einflu\ von Vitamin E und der Proteinqualität auf die hämolytische Wirkung der Trigonella-Sapogenine bei Ratten (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 280-289 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The influence of vitamin E (9, 90, 450 mg dl-α-tocopherol acetate/100 g diet), protein quality and temperature (70
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In Experimenten an Ratten wurde der Einflu\ der Verfütterung von unterschiedlichen Mengen roher bzw. hitzebehandelter (70
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  • 187
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    Wechselwirkungen zwischen Coffein, anderen Genu\mitteln und Arzneistoffen (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 290-295 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Caffeine is ingested not only with beverages as coffee, tea, coca-cola but also in form of many analgetic drugs. Therefore interactions of this substance with other biologically active substances and drugs should be expected, and the knowledge of these would be of practical importance. The interactions between caffeine and alcohol, smoking, salicylic acid, phenacetin, barbiturates, and theobromin are described.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Coffein wird nicht nur in Getränken wie Kaffee, Tee, Coca-Cola, sondern auch in zahlreichen analgetisch wirkenden Mischpräparaten häufig aufgenommen. Aus diesem Grunde sind Wechselwirkungen dieser Verbindung mit anderen Wirkstoffen und Arzneimitteln zu erwarten und deren Kenntnis auch von praktischer Bedeutung. Es wird auf Wechselwirkungen zwischen Coffein und Alkohol, Rauchen, Salizylsäure, Phenacetin, Barbituraten, Nikotinsäure und Theobromin verwiesen.
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  • 188
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    Improvement of Supramine and development of new food mixtures for the young I. Improvement of Supramine (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 19 (1980), S. 296-301 
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    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Supramine, a food mixture produced in Egypt by El-Nil Pharmaceutical Company supported by UNICEF. The product suffers from two problems: It is not well liked by the children, and its shelf life is relatively short. Studies were made to overcome these problems. Pretreatment of the ingredients such as cooking, autoclaving or roasting markedly improved palatability of the product. Adjustment of the conditions of the enzyme action increased hydrolysis of the starchy material making the product more soft and digestable. Formulation of new mixtures gave the chance to the product to satisfy the wish of a wide sector of the consumers. The heat treatment made to the ingredients minimized contamination and prolonged shelf life of the product.
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  • 189
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    Anwendung von Stichprobenverfahren insbesondere bei permanenter Inventur (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 99-109 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Since 1977 it is legal in Germany to use sampling methods when taking the yearly inventory. This can lead to very substancial savings. Publications so far concentrate on the application of these methods to ending inventory. We, therefore, focus our considerations on applicability and procedural questions with respect to perpetual inventory taking.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Seit 1977 ist die Verwendung mathematisch-statistischer Verfahren zur Durchführung der Inventur in Deutschland gesetzlich zugelassen. Die hierdurch möglichen Rationalisierungseffekte können sehr erheblich sein. Über die Anwendung dieser Verfahren bei der Stichtagsinventur liegen bereits eine Anzahl von Veröffentlichungen vor. Daher werden hier hauptsächlich Möglichkeiten und Probleme der Anwendung von Stichprobenverfahren bei der permanenten Inventur behandelt.
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    Tagungen (1980)
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    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 118-119 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 191
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    Simulation der Tankstellendisposition zur Bestimmung kostengünstiger Agenturbestände (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 111-117 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The subject of this essay is the estimation of the effect of reducing the maximum permissable levels of petrol in petrol station tanks on forwarding. Optimum maximum permissable storage levels, dependant on sales, are determined from the minimum of the objective function. This is calculated from the difference between a) interest savings, due to reduced storage and b) increased cost of forwarding. The calculation of interest savings is elementary; the increase in expense is worked out by setting various maximum levels, based on average sales and the distance to the delivery point. For several assumed stochastic runs of daily sales, the forwarding of trucks is simulated for a fixed period under reduced maximum permissable storage levels. The results of the simulations are used to estimate the increase of expense of forwarding.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In diesem Aufsatz wird versucht, die Auswirkungen verringerter Agenturbestände (das sind die Obergrenzen für die Lagerung von Kraftstoffen in Tankstellen) auf die Spedition zu bewerten. Das Minimum der Zielfunktion, gebildet aus der Differenz zwischen Zinseinsparungen aus der Bestandsreduzierung einerseits und den Mehrkosten aus der Spedition andererseits, wird zur Bestimmung von absatzabhängigen optimalen Agenturbeständen benutzt. Die Zinseinsparungen sind elementar berechenbar; zur Berechnung der Mehrkosten werden verschiedene, vom Durchschnittsabsatz und von der Entfernung zur Lieferstelle abhängige Höchstgrenzen an Agenturbeständen festgelegt. Für mehrere angenommene stochastische Absatzverläufe wird dann die Tankwagendisposition bei reduzierten Agenturbeständen über einen festen Zeitraum simuliert. Aus den auf ein Jahr hochgerechneten Simulationsergebnissen werden die Mehrkosten der Spedition bestimmt.
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    OFELIE — Eine Methode zur Iangfristigen Planung von Fernmeldenetzen (1980)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 47-58 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary For the long-term planning of a telecommunication network, a computer-assisted procedure was developed by the Research Institute of the Deutsche Bundespost. This procedure as well as the experience gained with its application are described. Even with varying input parameters, the calculated network structure should remain stable. Investigations to this effect were carried out, the results of which are described and analyzed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Für die langfristige Planung eines Fernmeldenetzes wurde im Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Bundespost ein EDV-gestütztes Verfahren entwikkelt. Die dabei verwendete Methode wird zunächst dargestellt, danach wird über die Erfahrungen, die bei ihrer Anwendung gewonnen wurden, berichtet. Da die berechnete Netzstruktur sich nur wenig ändern darf, wenn die Eingangsparameter (Kostenanteile, Bedarf an Kanalkapazität) variieren, wurden Stabilitätsuntersuchungen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen werden dargestellt und analysiert.
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  • 193
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    DGOR-Seminare im zweiten Halbjahr 1980 (1980)
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    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 64-64 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
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  • 194
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    Bounds for the renewal function (1980)
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    OR spectrum 2 (1980), S. 75-78 
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    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden obere und untere Schranken für die LösungV einer Erneuerungsgleichung gegeben durch Anwendung einer bekannten Monotonieeigenschaft des zugehörigen Operators. Die Ergebnisse werden angewandt auf die Erneuerungsfunktion eines gewöhnlichen Erneuerungsprozesses.
    Notes: Summary Upper and lower bounds are given to the solutionV of a renewal equation by applying a well-known monotonicity argument. The results are applied to the renewal function of an ordinary renewal process.
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    Expectations and the price equation: Some estimates for the UK (1980)
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    Empirical economics 5 (1980), S. 31-37 
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    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary Previous studies of the price equation have generally used past values of variables to proxy expectations. In this note expected wage change, import price change and output change are formulated in both an extrapolative and unbiased manner. Empirical evidence on the efficacy of various alternative specifications is presented for the UK for 1961–1978 and the rational approach is found to work well.
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    A system of demand equations for Austria (1980)
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    Empirical economics 5 (1980), S. 129-142 
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    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents results of parameter estimations of a small system of demand equations for Austria. The functional form of the equations follows the log-linear specification well known as the “Rotterdam”-System. Using annual data from 1954 to 1977 we estimate the absolute price version for a rather aggregated system consisting of four sectors of consumption expenditures. Aitken estimation with and without linear restrictions is the adopted estimation method. Tests for the validity of the general linear restrictions axe performed employing the usual criteria. Relations among the test statistics are discussed. Taking into accountBeaton's [1972] argument of the appropriate use of likelihood ratio tests we present results also after iterating on the restricted error-covariance matrix. The question of negative semidefiniteness of the matrix of price coefficients is examined by inspection of its characteristic roots and the calculation of their approximated asymptotic covariance matrix. Finally, our results are confronted with such of other comparable studies.
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    An empirical examination of factor substitutability (1980)
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    Empirical economics 5 (1980), S. 193-203 
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    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary This paper looks at the issue of factor substitutability versus complementarity from the point of view of directional causality. That is, prior to estimating a production function, is there any empirical support for the belief that capital, labor, energy and materials are substitutes or complements for one another in the production process? The results suggest that capital is a substitute for the other factors of production but when the other factors are compared pairwise, such a conclusion does not follow.
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    A polynomial distributed lag model with stochastic coefficients and priors (1980)
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    Empirical economics 5 (1980), S. 219-232 
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    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary In this paper we consider a general class of weak parametric specifications in the poly-nomial distributed lag model. The classical and Bayesian estimations of the means of polynomial lags are derived without smoothness priors, with deterministic smoothness priors, and with probabilistic priors. Finally, using Almon's data, an illustrative application of the alternative estimators under various specifications about smoothness priors is provided.
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  • 199
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    Factor endowments and trade of the United States and Taiwan: The Leontief paradox re-examined (1980)
    Springer
    Empirical economics 5 (1980), S. 245-253 
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    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The primary purpose of this paper is to re-examine the compatibility of the factor endowment theorem with the foreign trade of both the United States and Taiwan. The study presents evidence that the so-called Leontief paradox may be attributable to technological gaps and factor intensity reversals between the two trading countries. In addition, the conditions for existence of the paradox are generalized. A distinctive feature of this study is that the technologies of both countries are taken into account. The findings reveal that if one-sided technical coefficients, of either the United States or Taiwan, are used for the empirical tests, the Leontief paradox tends to result. The paradox is likely to disappear when the Leontief index is derived from the technical coefficients of both trading countries.
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    Monetary indexation and economic stability: A simulation study of the U.S. economy (1980)
    Springer
    Empirical economics 5 (1980), S. 233-244 
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    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of monetary indexation on the built-in stability of the economic system. The study is based on simulation results from a medium size (28 equation) econometric model of the U.S. economy. The model is close in nature to the Wharton Model, and its equations are summarized in the appendix. (A detailed description of the model is provided inZilberfarb [1976].) This approach enables us to analyze the dynamic properties of the economic system, in a model which is far more detailed than the usual form of theoretical models. It also provides quantitative (as well as qualitative) results of the various effects of indexation. The First section contains a brief review of the pros and cons of monetary indexation. It is followed by a description of the model's monetary sector with and without indexation. Section three outlines the methodology employed in this study. Section four reports on and analyzes the simulation results. Summary and conclusions are provided in the final section.
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