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  • Other Sources  (53)
  • Springer  (29)
  • Elsevier  (17)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (7)
  • PANGAEA
  • 1985-1989  (39)
  • 1980-1984  (14)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1988  (39)
  • 1980  (14)
  • 1
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    Global Positioning System-Techniques Applied to Geodesy and Surveying (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN: 1589480406)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Textbook of geodesy
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    A pilot vertical seismic profiling experiment in the Cajon Pass Deep Scientific Drillhole (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 417-427, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Vertical seismic profiling ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Borehole geophys.
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    The UNIX System Guidebook (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. Developments in Petroleum Science vol. 15B, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 9, (3-540-24165-5, XXVI + 228 p.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Handbook of informatics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    The logging strategy for the Continental Deep Drilling Programme of the Federal Republic of Germany (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 46, no. XVI:, pp. 428-443, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; KTB ; Hanel
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
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    Frictional sliding and the crustal stresses (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 444-453, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Stress ; Borehole geophys. ; Fault zone
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    The future of scientific drilling (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 523-531, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: scientific drilling ; Borehole geophys.
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II. Projects, Technology, Sciences and Prospects for the Future (1988)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 17, pp. 225, (ISBN 0-19-851393-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Review article ; Borehole geophys. ; Applied geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 8
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    Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock I. The Deep Gas Drilling in the Siljan Impact Structure, Sweden, and Astroblemes (1988)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 17, pp. 225, (ISBN 0-19-851393-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; Applied geophysics ; Textbook of geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 9
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    Geophysical Aspects of the Energy Problem (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Amsterdam, I-VII + 329 pp., Elsevier, vol. 1, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 127, (ISBN 3-540-44363-0)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980
    Keywords: Geothermics ; application ; and ; prospection ; Earthquake hazard ; nuclear ; power ; plants ; Earthquake risk ; solar ; Energy (of earthquakes) ; pollution ; FROTH ; pp. ; 1-81, ; 279-288
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 10
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    The German Continental Deep Drilling Program, targets and state (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 64-81, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; KTB ; scientific drilling ; Rischmueller ; Rischmuller
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 11
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    Geophysical aspects of recent deep seismic soundings of the German crust (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. XVI:, pp. 401-416, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Borehole geophys.
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 12
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    Wave Propagation in Elastic Solids, 3. repr. (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Amsterdam, Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Wave propagation ; Waves ; Textbook of geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 13
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    Boundary Value Problems in Linear Viscoelasticity (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 1-4020-0653-5)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Rheology ; Elasticity ; Inelastic ; Rock mechanics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 14
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    Condensed Matter; Magnetic Properties. Magnetic and Other Properties of Oxides and Related Compounds Part b: Spinels, Fe Oxides and Fe-Me-O Compounds (1980)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. III/12, Supplement to III/4, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-87590-299-5 (soft cover))
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of physics ; Handbook of mineralogy
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 15
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    Mechanics of Tectonic Faulting (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Amsterdam, Elsevier, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 662-664, (ISBN 0-470-87000-1 (HB), ISBN 0-470-87001-X (PB))
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Textbook of geology ; Tectonics ; Fault zone ; Stress ; Fracture ; Engineering geophys.
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 16
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    Piezoelektrische Meßtechnik (1980)
    Springer
    In:  Dordrecht, IX+266 pp., Springer, vol. 3, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN 1-903544-06-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980
    Keywords: SEModelling ; Instruments ; Laboratory measurements
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 17
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    Continental scientific drilling - a scientific frontier (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock II, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 9, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; scientific drilling
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 18
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    Regulation of respiration during juvenile development of Sepia officinalis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 97 (3). pp. 365-371.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: A culture of juvenile Sepia officinalis L. was kept during summer 1985 in the aquaria of the “Station Marine”, Wimereux, France. During the first four months of juvenile development, oxygen consumption under increasing hypoxia was measured with a closed respirometer. The experiments revealed a high regulatory capacity of juvenile S. officinalis. The critical oxygen concentrations were calculated and their ontogenetical evolution was studied. The critical oxygen concentration increased with increasing development. A linear relationship emerged between the critical oxygen concentration and the logarithm of the wet weight [COc (mg O2 l-1)=-0.393+0.893×log10(Ww)]. The decreasing regulatory capacity of growing S. officinalis is most probably related to adaptations to a changing ecological environment during development. Another possibility is a physiological change, most probably related to the shift from embryonic to adult hemocyanin.
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  • 19
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    Home occupancy by male Octopus vulgaris in a large seawater tank (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Animal Behaviour, 28 (4). pp. 1123-1126.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-01
    Description: Pairs of individually recognizable male Octopus vulgaris were observed in a large seawater tank containing two suitable homes (brick pots or plastic buckets). None of the animals established exclusive occupancy of one home and for much of the time both animals were associated together at the same site. Usually one of the two homes was preferred and its occupant was most likely to be the larger animal, or the earlier resident if they were of equal size. Large animals were observed to take food forcefully from smaller octopus. An arm alignment interaction is described which, it is suggested, may be a means by which two octopuses establish their relative sizes.
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  • 20
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    Sectional representations for simulating aerosol dynamics (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 76 (2). pp. 541-556.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-30
    Description: A general method for simulating aerosol size distribution dynamics is developed. The method, based on dividing the particle size domain into sections and dealing only with one integral quantity in each section (e.g., number, surface area, or volume), has the advantages that the integral quantity is conserved within the computational domain and coagulations between all particle sizes are properly accounted for. To demonstrate the simplicity and accuracy of the method for a practical problem, the evolution of a power plant plume aerosol undergoing coagulation is simulated.
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  • 21
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    Seabeam and seismic reflection imaging of the tectonic regime of the Andean continental margin off Peru (4°S to 10°S) (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 87 (1-2). pp. 111-126.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Marine geophysical surveys employing Seabeam, multi- and single-channel seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic instruments were conducted at two locations along the continental slope of the Peru Trench during the Seaperc cruise of the R/V “Jean Charcot” in July 1986. These areas are centered around 5°30′S and 9°30′S off the coastal towns of Paita and Chimbote respectively. These data indicate that (1) the continental slope off Peru consists of three distinct morpho-structural domains (from west to east are the lower, middle and upper slopes) instead of just two as previously reported; (2) the middle slope has the characteristics of a zone of tectonic collapse at the front of a gently flexured upper slope; (3) the upper half of the lower slope appears to represent the product of mass wasting; (4) thrusting at the foot of the margin produces a continuous morphologic feature representing a deformation front where the products of mass-wasting are overprinted by a compressional tectonic fabric; (5) a change in the tectonic regime from tensional to compressional occurs at the mid-slope-lower slope boundary, the accretionary prism being restricted to the very base of the lower slope in the Paita area. The Andean margin off Peru is an “extensional active margin” or a “collapsing active margin” developing a subordinated accretionary complex induced by massive collapse of the middle slope area.
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  • 22
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    Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans-surface productivity and oxygen utilization (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 288 (5788). pp. 260-263.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Description: Organic detritus passing from the sea surface through the water column to the sea floor controls nutrient regeneration, fuels benthic life and affects burial of organic carbon in the sediment record. Particle trap systems have enabled the first quantification of this important process. The results suggest that the dominant mechanism of vertical transport is by rapid settling of rare large particles, most likely of faecal pellets or marine snow of the order of 〉200 μm in diameter, whereas the more frequent small particles have an insignificant role in vertical mass flux4–6. The ultimate source of organic detritus is biological production in surface waters of the oceans. I determine here an empirical relationship that predicts organic carbon flux at any depth in the oceans below the base of the euphotic zone as a function of the mean net primary production rate at the surface and depth-dependent consumption. Such a relationship aids in estimating rates of decay of organic matter in the water column, benthic and water column respiration of oxygen in the deep sea and burial of organic carbon in the sediment record.
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  • 23
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    Large allochthonous sediment masses and their role in the construction of the continental slope and rise off southwestern Africa (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Geology, 37 (3-4). pp. 333-354.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-12
    Description: Large Neogene slumps have affected over 260,000 km2 of the outer continental margin and adjacent Cape Basin off southwestern Africa. Individual structures cover areas up to 68,700 km2 and proximally are commonly composed of huge rotated sediment blocks up to 450 m thick and several kilometers across. Seismic shocks, possibly in conjunction with lower-slope undercutting by bottom-current erosion, are suggested as possible trigger mechanisms for these features which are all thought to be post-Pliocene (possibly Pleistocene) in age. Older slumps are also recognized along the margin and four cycles of sedimentation/slumping are identified: early Upper Cretaceous (I); late Upper Cretaceous (II); Palaeogene (III); and Neogene (IV). In the main part of the Orange Basin depocentre (west of Childs Bank) the Cretaceous slump styles are thought to represent Mississippi delta-type down-slope sediment cascades (with reverse faulting and mud diapirism) over 1 km thick which resulted from very rapid dumping of terrigenous material from the Orange River. Cainozoic slumps show a different tectonic style and locus and this is thought to reflect a change in sedimentation patterns which resulted from lower terrigenous input onto the margin, higher biogenic/authigenic sedimentation, and slowed crustal subsidence. A connection possibly exists between low sea level stands and the Cainozoic episodes of slumping.
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  • 24
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    The influence of animals on phosphorus cycling in lake ecosystems (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 170 (1). pp. 267-284.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-21
    Description: Aquatic animals directly influence the cycling of phosphorus in lakes through feeding and excretion. Traditionally, animals (zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish) have been assigned only minor roles in the process of freshwater phosphorus cycling. They were regarded as consumers without much regulating influence. Today there is growing evidence that animals, predators and herbivores, directly or indirectly can control biomass of primary producers and internal cycling of phosphorus. This paper summarizes different mechanisms of transformation and translocation of phosphorus via different groups of organisms.
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  • 25
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    Eruption ages and magma supply rates during the Miocene evolution of Gran Canaria: Single-crystle 40Ar/39Ar laser ages (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Naturwissenschaften, 75 . pp. 616-617.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-18
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 26
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    An Unusual Polynya in an Arctic Fjord (1980)
    Springer
    In:  In: Fjord Oceanography. , ed. by Freeland, H. J., Farmer, D. M. and Levings, C. D. Springer, New York, pp. 299-304.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-12
    Description: M. Dunbar (1957) called attention to the existence of a small circular polynya about 50 m in diameter in Cambridge Fiord in northern Baffin Island for which there was no obvious explanation. Other small polynyas are known in arctic fjords which are usually the result of turbulent mixing in areas of strong currents (Sadler 1974), but Cambridge Fiord is 100 km long, its tidal range is small, and the polynya is situated within 300 m of the delta face at the head of the fjord so that strong turbulence is very unlikely. The annual reappearance of the polynya in late winter is confirmed by a series of aerial survey photographs taken by the Royal Canadian Air Force between 1952 and 1957 and also by reports from Inuit hunters from Pond Inlet. It is first seen within about two weeks of 15 March appearing in exactly the same position each year as a circle with a diameter of about 40 m. Over a period of about a week, a lead extends from the polynya to the shore and open water is visible in the tide crack for several hundred metres either side of the shore end of the lead. The lead, unlike the polynya, changes its position from year to year, but once formed it remains fixed until general break-up (Figure 1).
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  • 27
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    Energy content of macrobenthic invertebrates: general conversion factors from weight to energy (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 117 (3). pp. 271-278.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-21
    Description: In ecological studies, especially in those dealing with energy circulation in nature, determinations of the energy content of organisms are inevitable. Energy determinations are, however, laborious and time-consuming. Average conversion factors based on different species form various areas and seasons may often be a shortcut for overcoming this problem. To establish general energy conversion factors for aquatic invertebrate groups, we used 376 values of J · mg−1 DW and 255 values of J · mg−1 AFDW, representing 308 and 229 species, respectively. The dry-weight-to-energy factors were highly variable both within and between taxonomic groups, e.g.: Porifera, 6.1 J · mg−1 DW; insect larvae, 22.4 J · mg−1 DW (median values). The energy-conversion factors related to AFDW showed a much smaller dispersion with a minimum median value of 19.7 J · mg−1 AFDW (Ascidiacea) and a maximum of 23.8 J · mg−1 AFDW (insect larvae). Within taxonomic groups, the 95% confidence intervals (AFDW) were only a few percent of the median values. The use of energy-conversion factors based on AFDW is preferable due to their lower dispersion. For aquatic macrobenthic invertebrates, a general conversion factor of 23 J · mg−1 AFDW can be used.
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  • 28
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    Sonostratigraphic records from equatorial atlantic deep-sea carbonates: Paleoceanographic and climatic relationships (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Geology, 83 . pp. 9-20.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Description: Paleoceanographic and stratigraphic methods, based on high-resolution compressional wave (p-wave) velocity measurements, have been applied to the studies of late Quaternary deep-sea carbonates in the western and eastern equatorial Atlantic. The measurements provide sonostratigraphic records in which changes in p-wave velocity parallel the changes from a glacial to an interglacial climate: Maxima in p-wave velocity (greater than 1540 m/s) occur during interglacial oxygen isotope stages 1, 5 and 7. Minima (1490 m/s) occur during glacial oxygen isotope stages 2, 4 and 6. Changes in p-wave velocity parallel past changes in carbonate accumulation and sediment coarse fraction, and allow a detailed core to core correlation. From these results two main patterns emerge: (1) In cores from shallower than 4300 m and from well above the present lysocline, large temporal changes in p-wave velocity parallel the production of planktonic foraminifera and the climatic history recorded in the sediments, and (2) below 4300 m, the position of the foraminiferal lysocline in the western equatorial Atlantic, large downcore p-wave velocity fluctuations gradually disappear due to dissolution of carbonate sediments. Dissolution also causes a distinct decrease in p-wave velocity and acoustic reflectivity in surface sediments across the present foraminiferal lysocline. Thus, past changes in the position of the foraminiferal lysocline or calcite compensation depth that caused distinct changes in reflectivity of sediments should lead to distinct reflectors within sediment columns. Their distribution can be utilized to map paleowater masses with different degrees of carbonate saturation.
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  • 29
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    Meso- and macrozooplankton communities in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 9 (1). pp. 17-35.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-21
    Description: The present paper describes composition and abundance of meso- and macrozooplankton in the epipelagic zone of the Weddell Sea and gives a systematic review of encountered species regarding results of earlier expeditions. Material was sampled from 6 February to 10 March 1983 from RV Polarstern with a RMT 1+8 m (320 and 4500 μm mesh size). In agreement with topography and water mass distribution three distinct communities were defined, clearly separated by cluster analysis: The Southern Shelf Community has lowest abundances (approx. 9000 ind./1000 m3). Euphausia crystallorophias and Metridia gerlachei are predominating. Compared with the low overall abundance the number of regularly occurring species is high (55) due to many neritic forms. Herbivores and omnivores are dominating (58% and 35%). The North-eastern Shelf Community has highest abundances (about 31 000 ind./1000 m3). It is predominated by copepodites I–III of Calanus propinquus and Calanoides acutus (61%). The faunal composition is characterized by both oceanic and neritic species (64). Fine-filter feeders are prevailing (65%). The Oceanic Community has a mean abundance of approximately 23 000 ind./1000 m3, consisting of 61 species. Dominances are not as pronounced as in the shelf communities. Apart from abundant species like Calanus propinquus, Calanoides acutus, Metridia gerlachei, Oithona spp. and Oncaea spp. many typical inhabitants of the Eastwind Drift are encountered. All feeding types have about the same importance in the Oceanic Community.
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  • 30
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    Food web interactions in lakes : proceedings of a workshop held at the University of Notre Dame, March 21 - 26, 1987 (1988)
    Springer
    In:  In: Complex interactions in Lake Communities. Springer, New York, USA, pp. 141-160. ISBN 0-387-96684-6
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    Publication Date: 2012-03-22
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  • 31
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    Hydrothermal silica chimney fields in the Galapagos Spreading Center at 86°W (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 89 (3-4). pp. 261-272.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-18
    Description: Silica chimneys were discovered in 1985 at 86°W in the rift valley of the Galapagos Spreading Center at 2600 m depth (“Cauliflower Garden”). The inactive chimneys lack any sulfides and consist almost entirely of amorphous silica (up to 96 wt.% SiO2, opal-A); Fe and Mn oxides are minor constituents. Oxygen isotope data show that formation of the silica chimneys took place at temperatures between 32°C (+29.9‰ δ18O) and 42°C (+27.8‰ δ18O).Th/Udating reveals a maximum age of 1440 ± 300y. Amorphous silica solubility relations indicate that the silica chimneys were formed by conductive cooling of pure hydrothermal fluids or by conductive cooling of a fluid/seawater mixture. Assuming equilibrium with quartz at 500 bars, initial fluid temperatures of more than 175°C (i.e., a concentration of 〉 182 ppm SiO2) were required to achieve sufficient supersaturation for the deposition of amorphous silica at 40°C and 260 bars. If the silica chimneys originate from the same or a similar fluid as higher-temperature ( 〈 300°C) sulfide-silica precipitates found nearby (i.e., 2.5 km away), then subsurface deposition of sulfides may have occurred.
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  • 32
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    Base Metal Sulfide Deposits in Sedimentary and Volcanic Enviroments : Proceedings of the DMG-GDMB-SGA-Meeting Aachen, 1985 (1988)
    Springer
    In:  , ed. by Friedrich, G. H. and Herzig, P. M. SGA Special Publication, 5 . Springer, Heidelberg, 290 pp. ISBN 3-540-18202-0
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-31
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  • 33
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    New evidence from the South China Sea for an abrupt termination of the last glacial period (1988)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 333 (6169). pp. 156-158.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-10
    Description: Abrupt changes in climatic conditions have been seen at high latitudes in the North Atlantic and the Antarctic at 13 kyr BP. It is important to determine whether this abrupt change was confined to high-latitude regions or whether it was global. Here we present results demonstrating an abrupt change in the rate and character of sedimentation in the South China Sea at the close of the last glacial period. Radiocarbon dating and its position in the oxygen isotope shift suggest that this change may be coincident with the changes found at high latitudes.
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  • 34
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    New evidence from the South China Sea for an abrupt termination of the last glacial period (1988)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 333 (6169). pp. 156-158.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-15
    Description: Abrupt changes in climatic conditions have been seen at high latitudes in the North Atlantic1 and the Antarctic2,3 at 13 kyr BP. It is important to determine whether this abrupt change was confined to high-latitude regions or whether it was global. Here we present results demonstrating an abrupt change in the rate and character of sedimentation in the South China Sea at the close of the last glacial period. Radiocarbon dating and its position in the oxygen isotope shift suggest that this change may be coincident with the changes found at high latitudes.
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  • 35
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    Magnesium in the marine sedimentary environment: Mg-NH4 ion exchange (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Chemical Geology, 70 (4). pp. 359-371.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: The release of exchangeable Mg in marine sediments from displacement by ammonium ions was estimated by way of experimentally determining the parameters that govern this ion-exchange equilibrium on solid geochemical phases: smectite, humic acid, illite and opal. We showed that: (a) both the conditional selectivity constant as well as the solid concentration are important parameters in determining the relative contribution of ammonium-exchangeable Mg from smectite, organic matter, illite and opal; and (b) that, except in the cases where opal or organic matter concentrations are very high, the clays are the dominant carrier phases for labile Mg which is exchangeable by ammonium. A model, based on the sum of the contributions from the major geochemical phases present in the sediment reliably predicts the amount of Mg released by exchange with ammonium in marine sediments.
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  • 36
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    Mg-NH4 exchange on humic acid: A radiotracer technique for conditional exchange constants in a seawater medium (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Chemical Geology, 70 (4). pp. 349-357.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: A radiotracer technique, employing 27Mg, is used to determine the Mg released by ammonium exchange on undis-solved humic acid in a seawater medium. This new method allows for the measurement of exchangeable Mg on the solid phase surface, which eliminates the problem caused by the high-Mg background in the seawater matrix. The precision calculated from the counting statistics is better than ±2%; the reproducibility among repeated counts ranged from ±1% to ±3%. The higher sensitivity of the method allows for monitoring the MgNH4 exchange at concentrations as low as 30 mM NH4. This is a major improvement relative to the data obtained with the analytical methods used so far, which allow detection of exchangeable Mg only at NH4 concentrations higher than 1 M. The lower experimental concentrations are more in accordance with the natural ammonium levels found in anoxic marine sediments. For the undissolved humic acid used in this experiment, the amount of exchangeable Mg in apparent equilibrium with an ammonium-free seawater matrix was found to be 96.6 ± 0.4 meq/100g. The Mg-NH4 exchange on humic acid in seawater comes to a steady-state value in 〈 18 min. The conditional equilibrium constant obtained for this reaction, Kcond = 0.039 ± 0.001 M−1. The technique can be expanded to other geochemical solid phases in seawater and it can be modified to study the behavior of the major cations by using 24Na, 42K and 49Ca.
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  • 37
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    Geochemical and climatic effects of increased marine organic carbon burial at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary (1988)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 335 (6192). pp. 714-717.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-24
    Description: Perhaps the most significant event in the Cretaceous record of the carbon isotope composition of carbonate1,2, other than the 1–2.5 ‰ negative shift in the carbon isotope composition of calcareous plankton at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary3, is the rapid global positive excursion of ~2 ‰ (13C enrichment) which took place between ~91.5 Myr and 90.3 Myr (late Cenomanian to earliest Turonian (C/T boundary event))1,4,5. This excursion has been attributed to a change in the isotope composition of the marine total dissolved carbon (TDC) reservoir resulting from an increase in rate of burial of 13C-depleted organic carbon, which coincided with a major global rise in sea level5 during the so-called C/T oceanic anoxic event (OAE)6. Here we present new data, from nine localities, which demonstrate that a positive excursion in the carbon isotope composition of organic carbon at or near the C/T boundary7,8 is nearly synchronous with that for carbonate and is widespread throughout the Tethys and Atlantic basins (Fig. 1), as well as in more high-latitude epicontinental seas. The postulated increase in the rate of burial of organic carbon may have had a significant effect on CO2 and O2 concentrations in the oceans and atmosphere, and consequent effects on global climate and sedimentary facies.
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  • 38
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    Can the Greenland climatic jumps be identified in records from ocean and land? (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Quaternary Research, 30 (1). pp. 1-6.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-15
    Description: Sharp jumps in climate punctuate the records from borings in the Greenland ice cap during the time interval 60,000 to about 20,000 yr ago. Rapid fluctuations are also seen in foraminifera records for cores from the northern Atlantic and in a pollen record from a core from a bog in the Vosges Mountains in France. In this paper we present a new radiocarbon chronology for northern Atlantic deep-sea core V23-81 which permits comparison with the radiocarbon-dated Vosges Mountains pollen record. Because of the lack of a 14C chronology for the Greenland ice record and of distortions peculiar to each of the three records, it is not yet possible to say whether or not the events are genetically related.
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  • 39
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    On simultaneous measurements with rotor, wing and acoustic current meters, moored in shallow water (1980)
    Springer
    In:  Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 33 (1). pp. 1-18.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: In two closely spaced moorings in the Kiel Bight, four different current meterstwo rotor current meters (Aanderaa and Vector averaging), an acoustic current meter (designed by Gytre), and a pendulum current meter (designed by Niskin) were moored for 22 days. The Vector averaging current meter (VACM) was used as reference instrument on one mooring with the floatation at 7 m depth. The floatation of the second mooring was at 5 m depth in the first 17 days of the experiment, but in 2.7 m depth in the last 5 days to make their mooring more effected by surface waves. The Niskin wing current meter was most effected by wave-induced mooring motion. The Gytre instrument showed the smallest surface-wave effects. The vector variances of this instrument in 7.4 m depth on the surface-wave effected mooring and those of the VACM in 10 m depth on the reference mooring were about equal.
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  • 40
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    Unknown
    Compositions of deep-sea ash layers derived from north pacific volcanic arcs: variations in time and space (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 7 (1-2). pp. 107-137.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-12
    Description: Glass separates from 115 ash layers derived from the Kamchatkan (DSDP Site 192; 34 layers), the eastern Aleutian (DSDP Site 183; 56 layers) and the Alaska Peninsula (DSDP Site 178; 25 layers) volcanic arcs have been analyzed for up to 28 elements. In addition, the abundance and diversity of associated mafic phenocrysts have been evaluated. The resulting data set has made possible an evaluation of the late Miocene to Recent changes in composition of ashes derived from North Pacific volcanic arcs and of the factors controlling the evolution of highly siliceous magmas. We find no evidence for a general transition from arc tholeiite to calc-alkalic magma parentage of ashes derived from the volcanic arcs during the last 10 m.y., but instead find 0.1- to 0.5-m.y. intervals during which particular types of volcanism are prevalent. Most convincing is the transition from arc tholeiite to calc-alkalic for ashes derived from Kamchatka during the last 0.8 m.y., a change believed to be associated with a landward shift in the site of magma generation. Considered together, ashes derived from North Pacific volcanic arcs have been becoming more siliceous during the last 1.5 m.y. and may be associated with accelerated subduction during the same time interval. Hydrous phenocrysts (e.g., biotite) are typically associated with low-silica deep-sea ashes, but not with terrestrial volcanic rocks of comparable silica contents, suggesting the important role of water in the evolution of siliceous magma. REE patterns and relative abundances of mafic phenocrysts demonstrate the importance of fractional crystallization in controlling the evolution of highly siliceous arc magmas. REE increase with increasing silica, but become less concentrated in ashes with SiO2 〉 64%. Eu anomalies increase throughout the SiO2 range. Initial fractionation is dominated by clinopyroxene and plagioclase with amphibole strongly influencing fractionation above 64% SiO2.
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  • 41
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    A lateral line analogue in cephalopods: water waves generate microphonic potentials in the epidermal head lines of Sepia and Lolliguncula (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 164 . pp. 1-5.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: Many cephalopods have lines of ciliated cells on their head and arms. In the cuttlefish Sepia and the squid Lolliguncula, electrophysiological recordings clearly identify these epidermal lines as an invertebrate analogue to the mechanoreceptive lateral lines of fish and aquatic amphibians and thus as another example of convergent evolution between a sophisticated cephalopod and vertebrate sensory system. Stimulation of the epidermal lines with local water displacements, generated by a vibrating sphere, causes receptor potentials that have many features known from lateral line microphonic potentials. The minimal threshold of the head lines is 0.2 micron peak-to-peak water displacement (calculated at the skin surface) at 75-100 Hz.
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  • 42
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    Effect of temperature on laboratory growth, reproduction and life span of Octopus bimaculoides (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 98 (3). pp. 369-379.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: Laboratory culture of 40 Octopus bimaculoides from April 1982 to August 1983 through the full life cycle at 18°C vs 23°C provided information on the growth, reproductive biology and life span of this California littoral octopus. At 18°C, the cephalopods grew from a hatchling size of 0.07 g to a mean of 619 g in 404 d; the largest individual was 872 g. Octopuses cultured at 23°C reached their highest mean weight of 597 g in 370 d; the largest individual grown at this temperature was 848 g after 404 d. Growth data revealed a two-phase growth pattern: a 5 mo exponential phase followed by a slower logarithmic (power function) phase until spawning. At 5 mo octopuses grown at 23°C were over three times larger than their 18°C siblings. However, beyond 6.5 mo, growth rates were no higher at 23°C than at 18°C. At 13.5 mo, the mean weight of the 18°C group surpassed that of the 23°C group. The slope of the length/weight (L/W) relationship was significantly different for the two temperature regimes, with the 23°C octopuses weighing 18% less than their 18°C siblings at a mantle length of 100 mm. Females weighed more than males at any given mantle length. Males grew slightly larger and matured before females. The L/W relationship indicated isometric body growth throughout the life cycle. Higher temperature accelerated all aspects of reproductive biology and shortened life span by as much as 20% (from approximately 16 to 13 mo). O. bimaculoides has one of the longest life cycles among species with large eggs and benthic hatchlings. Extrapolations to field growth are made, and the possible effects of temperature anomalies such as El Niño are discussed.
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  • 43
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    Gold and native copper in supergene sulfides from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1988)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 333 (6168). pp. 64-66.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-25
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  • 44
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    Effects of Pack Ice on the Composition of Micronektonic Communities in the Weddell Sea (1988)
    Springer
    In:  In: Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability. , ed. by Sahrhage, D. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 140-146. ISBN 978-3-642-73726-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-11
    Description: Using seabirds as sampling devices on two cruises in the northwestern Weddell Sea, we investigated the species and lengthfrequency distribution of micronekton in surface waters. Our micronekton samples are among the first ever collected simultaneously in both ice-covered and adjacent ice-free waters in the Antarctic using the same technique. Changes in the abundance or presence of certain crustacean, squid, and fish species were related to the presence of ice, and to distance from the ice edge. Length-frequency distributions representing age- or sex-classes of fish and krill were also affected by proximity to the ice edge. Our data indicate that the proximity of sampling to pack ice may affect our perception of the composition of micronektonic communities, and that the marginal ice zone is an important area for juvenile age-classes of pelagic fish and krill.
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  • 45
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    Squid as Predators on Krill (Euphausia superba) and Prey for Sperm Whales in the Southern Ocean (1988)
    Springer
    In:  In: Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability. , ed. by Sahrhage, D. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 292-296. ISBN 978-3-642-73726-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-11
    Description: This chapter deals with information on the role of squid, and on feeding by sperm whales on squid, in the Antarctic. Seasonal variation in the vertical distribution of krill swarms may possibly affect the distribution of smaller squid which feed on krill. Larger squid are distributed in deeper water layers where they do not feed on krill alone. Sperm whales eat larger squid in the deeper waters of the Southern Ocean. The diet of these larger squid is unknown. It is suggested that the food chain from krill to sperm whale has several links, including fish and squid. The importance of studies on deep-sea systems in the Southern Ocean is emphasized.
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  • 46
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    The first fossil cephalopod statoliths to be described from Europe (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 287 (5783). pp. 628-630.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: Statoliths of cephalopods are small, hard calcareous stones which lie within the cartilaginous skulls of octopods, sepioids and teuthoids1. Fossil statoliths, clearly belonging to genera which are alive today, have previously been described from 11 Cenozoic deposits spanning from the Eocene to the Pleistocene in North America2–5. Such statoliths are of particular interest because they provide a means of studying the evolution of living cephalopod groups which have no calcareous shells, including the cosmopolitan and numerous teuthoids and octopods. Here, the first cephalopod statoliths to be recognized in European deposits are described and identified as Loligo sp. They are compared with the North American fossil Loligo species and statoliths removed from the two living Loligo species of Europe.
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  • 47
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    Age and growth of loliginid squid Photololigo edulis (Hoyle, 1885) (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 116 (2). pp. 177-190.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-22
    Description: Age and growth were estimated on two brood stocks of a loliginid squid, Photololigo edulis (Hoyle), by examining growth increments within the statoliths from 773 specimens. Samples were collected from the northwestern coast of Kyushu, Japan, and the southwestern coast of the Sea of Japan between January 1983 and June 1984. Length and age data were fitted to logistic growth curves for each sex and brood, under the assumption that increments formed daily. Relationships between age and mantle length and the modelled growth curves showed that: the posthatch life span may be 〈 1 yr; growth rates vary considerably between individuals, especially in the second half of life; the average growth rate of the male was higher than that of the female in the warm-season brood, but almost the same in the cold-season brood. Because of the wide variation in the individual growth rate, it was presumed that warm- and cold-season broods were not genetically discrete populations.
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  • 48
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    Tectonic pattern of the Azores spreading centre and triple junction (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 51 (2). pp. 415-434.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: The major tectonic elements of the Azores triple junction have been mapped using long-range side-scan sonar. The data enable the Mid-Atlantic Ridge axis to be located with a precision of a few kilometres. Major faults and other tectonic and volcanic elements of the ridge maintain their regional trend of 010° to 020° past the triple junction area. There is no oblique spreading, and only minor transform offsets of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge occur here. The main effect of the triple junction or Azores hot spot is to diminish the amplitude of the median valley to 200 m or less. There is no axial high: a topographic high seen on several profiles is located to the east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge spreading axis and does not appear to have any fundamental significance. The third arm of the triple junction includes the Azores srreading centre which appears to have developed as a series of en echelon rifted basins (the Terceira Rift) extending from Formigas Trough at 36.8°N, 24.5°W to a point near 39.3°N, 28.8°W. There are indications that recent activity in the spreading centre may be concentrated in a series of ridges which flank the older rifted basins. Until recently the northwest end of the Terceira Rift was connected to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge axis either directly at an RRR junction, or via a transform fault. The triple junction has probably moved south during the last 6 Ma to a positin on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 38.7°N. Initiation of the Azores spreading centre may have occurred during the 36 Ma B.P. rearrangement of poles, with an RFF triple junction north from the East Azores fracture zone to the North Azores fracture zone and transferring a wedge of European plate to the African plate. The tectonic elements revealed by this study are in good agreement with inferred earthquake mechanisms and with the RM2 plate tectonic model of Minster and Jordan, but east-west motion between North America and Africa does not seem to be compatible with the other motions at the triple junction unless it is of very recent (2〉3 Ma) origin.
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  • 49
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    Investigation of the fauna of Seamounts of the Nazca and Sala y Gomez Ridges, Southeastern Pacific Ocean (18th cruise of the R/V Professor Shtokman, March 6-June 17,1987) (1988)
    Pleiades Publishing | Springer
    In:  Oceanology, 28 (6). pp. 803-805.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-04
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  • 50
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    Some size relationships in phytoflagellate motility (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 161 (1). pp. 125-131.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: Data from the literature are used to assess some hypothesised adaptive advantages of the flagellate life form among phytoplankton. Possible advantages include increased nutrient uptake by movement through a homogeneous medium as opposed to exploitation of spatial hetrogeneity of the environment. Maximal migrational amplitudes and maximal swimming velocities of phytoflagellates were compared to body size. Both were found to increase with size. Relative amplitudes and relative velocities, however, were found to decrease with size. Hydrophysical considerations show that additional gain of nutrients by swimming through a homogeneous medium is only minimal for small flagellates at their attainable swimming velocities. It is suggested that exploitation of environmental heterogeneity in nutrient distribution may be one of the most important advantages for flagellates over coccoid algae.
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  • 51
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    The species composition of Antarctic phytoplankton interpreted in terms of Tilman's competition theory (1988)
    Springer
    In:  Oecologia, 77 (4). pp. 464-467.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-10
    Description: An attempt was made, to test for the impact of resource competition on Antarctic marine phytoplankton. According to theory, species composition near competitive equilibrium should be determined by the ratios of limiting resources. Enrichment bioassays identified silicon and nitrogen as limiting nutrients for some of the most important phytoplankton species during early austral summer in the region near the Antarctic Peninsula. Together with the generally acknowledged limiting resource light, this gave three meaningful ratios of essential resources (Si:N, Si:light, N:light) and one ratio of substitutable resources (NO sub(3):NH sub(4)). Phytoplankton species assemblages were found to be well separated by the ratios of the essential resources and by mixing depth.
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  • 52
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    Effects of microbe activity (1988)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 333 (6168). pp. 17-18.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-06
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  • 53
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    The Ultrastructure of Skeletogenesis in Hermatypic Corals (1980)
    Elsevier
    In:  International Review of Cytology, 67 . pp. 171-214.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-29
    Description: This chapter discusses coral skeletogenesis, focusing on the morphology of the skeletogenic tissues. It reviews the light and electron microscope studies carried out in this regard, illustrating the example of the morphology of the skeletogenic tissues of the coral Pocillopora damicornis. A structural organic matrix is present in the adult skeleton of Pocillopora damicornis. One component of this structural matrix is present transiently at the growth surface of the skeleton. It consists of individual sheaths enveloping each forming aragonite crystal. These crystal sheaths, plus some small extracellular vesicles that are presumed to represent a precursor for the sheaths, are together implicated in the hypotheses for coral calcification. The hypotheses fall into the following three broad categories: (1) algal removal of possible inhibitory substances; (2) a general stimulatory effect of algal metabolism; and (3) algal contribution to a skeletal organic matrix.
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