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  • Articles  (979)
  • Engineering General  (490)
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  • 1980  (566)
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  • Articles  (979)
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (566)
  • 1975-1979  (413)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 391-410 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A model consisting of a harmonic oscillator well and a repulsive inverse square potential, coupled by a delta function, is solved. We find the S-function for this case and study its poles as a function of the coupling strength. These poles show how the harmonic levels shift and broaden as the two potential curves couple and predissociation occurs. A “new state” is found when the energy threshold is just below the first excited state of the harmonic oscillator.
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  • 2
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 455-456 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 3
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 499-507 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermodynamics of the DNA helix-coil transition is studied, starting from the thermodynamical potential difference between the states helix and coil; this potential difference is understood as the difference in free energies. With only three parameters obtained from experimental data different quantities of the T2 phage DNA molecule are calculated. It is observed that the phase transition is of second order.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 5
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 605-617 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A very efficient and exact method for calculating the long-range effects in polymers is reported. The method is based on the multipole expansion within the Fock operator, and exact summation up to infinity is carried out. Only a small number of one-electron integrals have to be considered, while in the traditional approach one has to compute a large number of two-electron integrals. Results on LiH model polymer have been obtained with a remarkable accuracy within a negligible computing time.
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  • 7
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 641-677 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Let E(R) be a potential-energy function for a neutral or ionic diatom in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Then the approximation of E(R) for 0 〈 R 〈 ∞ starting from finite and typically small sets of given information is considered. The approach is based on the fact that the scaled potential curves F(R) = R2E(R) derive from an eigenvalue problem which depends linearly on R. The nature of the curves F(R) is examined in detail. The results include the discovery of various approximants, some of which display rigorous bounding properties and others, closely related, whose behavior with respect to the approximated function appears to be predictable.
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  • 8
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 679-692 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In an attempt to rationalize and improve an approximate exchange perturbation scheme related to the model of Murrell et al., more accurate approximations are introduced eliminating the use of empirical parameters. The total interaction energy has been evaluated as the sum of additive electrostatic, exchange, charge transfer, and dispersion contributions. It is proven that the assumption of intramolecular ZDO approximation is equivalent to the use of the Mulliken formula for intermolecular intergrals in the region of small overlap. It is also shown that the use of exact two-center resonance integrals and atomic multipole expansion leads to a substantial improvement of results. The method has been applied to calculation of interaction energies of some model hydrogen-bonded complexes of water, hydrogen fluoride, adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine using approximate all-valence wave functions.
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  • 9
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 769-775 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The problem considered is that of selecting the finite orbital basis which will minimize the energy in a given size CI calculation. (1) A one-body operator is defined which has as eigenfunctions the desired optimal basis. The operator is defined in terms of the basis which leads to a self-consistency problem of Hartree-Fock type. (2) A method of successive orbital rotations is defined which is shown to have desirable convergence properties.
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  • 10
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 160-160 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 11
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 199-206 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that application of the orthonormality-constrained variation method to the absolute squares of three kinds of overlap integrals leads to eigenvalue equations and of which the eigenvectors belonging to maximum (minimum) eigenvalues are the maximum (minimum) overlap, localized, and hybrid orbitals. In the eigenvalue equations, coupling operators similar to those used in SCF theory are found to occur. Connection of the maximum orbitals to a many-shell model, a simple MO theory, and Löwdin's orthonormalization is also discussed.
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  • 12
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electric polarizabilities are calculated by solving the first- and second-order perturbation equations through a variational procedure. Satisfactory numerical results are obtained for a number of molecules using the CNDO approximation with an extended basis set.
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  • 13
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mathematical basis for the Ruedenberg's and Mulliken's approximations is given in a general framework.
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  • 14
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 239-243 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ab initio Hartree-Fock crystal orbital method is used for the calculation of the energy band structure of a one-dimensional model of (SN)x. Two energy band structures are described corresponding to the self-consistent spin density wave (SDW) and the self-consistent charge density wave (CDW) solution, respectively.
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  • 15
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 367-374 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The multiple scattering molecular orbital method, with different choices of sphere radii and local exchange, is applied to the cluster CrF63-. The orbital energies are almost always in the same order but uniformly moved up or down the energy scale depending on which parameters are used. Charge densities are only slightly dependent on the parameters. A method to avoid interaction with Rydberg-like states is suggested.
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  • 16
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 411-428 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general quantum-mechanical description of molecular transport across biological membranes has been developed. The one-dimensional Schrödinger equation for the motion of ions and molecules across the biological membrane has been solved using reasonable potential barriers. Two types of potential profiles for such transports have been considered: a flat barrier proposed by Hall et al. for lipids and an oscillatory potential proposed by Lauger for lipids and by us in this paper for intrinsic proteins. The general behavior of the transmission coefficient as a function of energy and the variation of the permeability as a function of structural changes in the membrane have been discussed. Finally, the importance and areas of applicability of such a theory have been pointed out.
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  • 17
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. III 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 18
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 483-497 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Le découpage de la densité électronique totale dans une molécule, en contributions provenant des diverses orbitales, permet de définir des régions orbitalaires de caractère conventionnel dont la charge totale est égale à la somme des populations de Mulliken des orbitales constituant les diverses régions. La fluctuation relative de la charge de ces régions s'exprime simplement en fonction des populations de Mulliken et des indices de liaisons. Cette analyse de la densité dans des molécules variées (saturées ou conjuguées) permet de retrouver les liaisons chimiques de la graphie classique comme correspondant à des régions orbitalaires de charge voisine de 2 et présentant une fluctuation relative fiable (≤0, 10). Compte tenu du caractère dynamique que contient la notion de liaison, les résultats obtenus trouveraient une interprétation simple dans l'espace des phases. L'impuissance de la Mécanique quantique de donner une description dans cet espace expliquerait l'impossibilité de déduire de calculs quantiques la notion měme de liaison chimique.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dependence of the molecular electrostatic potential V on the method of calculating the wave function and on the basis set has been examined for three electronic states of H2CO. The calculations analyzed here refer to two different basis sets: a minimal set and a split-valence shell set, both supplemented with diffuse p orbitals. The methods of calculation include the SCF procedure (for the ground state), CI procedures of increasing complexity, which practically reach their asymptotic limits, and, for the excited states, simpler methods (rigid orbital excitation, complete CI of single excitations, electron-hole potential methods). It appears that in the ground state the two bases give equivalent descriptions of V when the CI process reaches the asymptotic limit and that the SCF descriptions approximate fairly well the more accurate ones. For the 3A1(π → π*) state the conclusions on the two basis sets are similar and, in addition, it is shown that a simple method (EHP) gives an approximation of V that reproduces the essential features of the complete CI calculations. The inadequacy of both basis sets for the representation of the 1A1(π → π*) state turns out to be evident. A discussion is presented concerning the possibility of adopting the calculation of V as an auxiliary tool to compare the accuracy of different descriptions of the same electronic state.
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  • 20
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 597-603 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A multiple scattering method is used for determining the total cross section of elastic electron scattering for the SF6 molecule in the energy range 10-60 eV.
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  • 21
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 627-634 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The approximate way of calculating the supermolecular density applied in the Gordon and Kim method is examined. If the supermolecular density is approximated by a sum of the subsystem densities, the results for the individual contributions to the interaction energy (kinetic, potential) appear to be incorrect as compared with those obtained in the SCF approach and in first-order perturbation theory. However, a considerable improvement of the statistical results is obtained if a more suitably calculated supermolecular density is used. All calculations have been carried out for the He2 system.
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  • 22
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 693-695 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 23
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 719-730 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A survey of our recent work on algebraic structures and reduced-density-matrix theory is presented. Our approach leads to a method of classifying reduced density matrices and generalizes the notion of open and closed shells in many-body theory.
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  • 24
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 777-790 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Optimal orbital exponents are approximated by minimization of the reduced Hamiltonian orbital ground state energy. They appear to be as good as and are obtained at much less expense than the values derived by the usual SCF exponent optimization scheme. Partitioning of energy into 0-energy, 1-energy, and 2-energy (Absar and Coleman, Int. J. Quant. Chem. 10, 319 (1976); Chem. Phys. Lett. 39, 60 (1976)) is used to study the variation in the electronic energy surface upon variation of orbital exponents. The 1-energy operator, the natural orbitals of which are the reduced Hamiltonian orbitals, is compared with the SCF operator.
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  • 25
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 791-799 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Representable reference density matrices are applied to the graphical description of the Coulomb hole in a CI wave function for the first excited 1S state of the four-electron boron ion B+. It is found that a satisfactory picture of the Coulomb hole emerges only when the symmetry of the correlated wave function is recognized in the construction of the reference full-density matrix.
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  • 26
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio LCAO SCF MO calculations are carried out on planar Co-porphine with a basis set of roughly double zeta quality for Co and N and of single zeta quality for C and H. The net charge on Co and N and the overlap population between them are 1.78, -0.57, and 0.06, respectively, in the 2A1g, state, which is known to be the ground state by experiment. The bonding in this complex is thus largely ionic. The first and second calculated ionization potentials are 6.51 and 6.77 eV, respectively, and are in reasonable agreement with the observed ionization potentials of 6.44 and 6.62 eV for Ni-tetraphenylporphine. CI calculations within the framework of the ligand field theory are also performed. The calculated order of the five lowest states is 4B2g ≈ 4Eg, 4A2g, 2A1g, 4Eg from below and is not in agreement with the semiempirical order of 2A1g ≈ 4B2G, 4A2g, 2Eg, 4Eg determined by Lin.
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  • 27
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 191-207 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The properties of biorthonormal sets and their use in quantum chemistry are discussed. A theoretical description of the interaction between one-electron atoms is presented. The description is based on a single orbital per electron but is otherwise complete. Structurally simple relations are derived for the energy of interaction, and theoretical justifications for the London equation and the diatomics-in-molecules method are presented. Some comments on the stability of spin-coupling-optimized methods are made.
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  • 28
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 181-190 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A SCF method using localized molecular orbitals which are built up on hybrid atomic orbitals is proposed to obtain the charges in infinite crystals. Hybrid orbitals are built up on a minimal STO basis set. The formalism has been adapted in order to take into account the periodicity of the system and its infinite size by introducing the Madelung constant. The total energy is given by an infinite sum of terms each corresponding to the energy of a bond in the crystal field. Minimizing this bond energy with respect to eigenvectors it is straightforward to obtain the electronic charges, whence the polarity, i.e., the ionicity, of bonds. In this first paper, we study and discuss the polarity of bonds in zincblende and wurtzite-type compounds built up on first and second row elements. Our values are coherent between themselves and in agreement with other authors' results. The connection with electronegativity and polarizability is discussed.
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  • 29
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 231-237 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A procedure to improve trial wave functions is given in terms of the off-diagonal hypervirial theorem. This procedure is closely related to the optimum scaling method which is valid for the diagonal hypervirial theorem. The second excited state of the one-dimensional oscillator model is employed as an example, and improved wave functions and expectation values are calculated. The results are compared with previous values based on the diagonal hypervirial theorem.
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  • 30
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 289-297 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper, MC-SCF and CI methods have been explored for the calculation of ground- and excited-state energies of some aromatic heterocycles in the PPP framework. A new algorithm for solving the orbital equations in MC-SCF theory has been suggested and its performance has been compared with the conventional gradient optimization technique. Energies of first few transitions have been calculated and compared with rather extensive CI results.
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  • 31
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 319-327 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analytical potential function for the pairwise interaction of methane and water is reported. The function is representative of 225 ab initio quantum-mechanical calculations of the intermolecular interaction using 6-31G self-consistent-field molecular-orbital theory. The statistical parameters of the curve fitting are given and isoenergy contour maps of the interaction energy are presented and discussed.
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  • 32
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 341-341 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 33
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 353-359 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We review the methods and some applications of complex scaling transformation as well as some goals that now seem accessible using this technique in atomic and molecular physics.
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  • 34
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 393-418 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theories of the dilatation, r → r eiθ, and translation, x → x + iq, transformations as related to the Stark problem are reviewed, and new results obtained. Results for the hydrogen atom n = 1 and n = 2 levels and the 1P0, 2s2p H- shape resonance in dc fields are presented, and the extension to the ac Stark effect made. Spectral estimates are made using the technique of the numerical range and via discussion of several model problems, using both coordinate rotation and coordinate translation.
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  • 35
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 457-513 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theory of this paper deals with certain aspects of the formal properties of atomic and molecular highly excited nonstationary states and the problem of calculating their wave functions, energies, and widths. The conceptual framework is a decay theory based on the consistent definition and calculation of the t = 0 localized state, |Ψ. Given this framework, the following topics are treated: (a) The variational calculation of Ψ0 and E0 using a previously published theory that generalized the projection operator approach to many-electron systems. (b) The exact definition of the resonance energy. (c) The possibility of bound states in the continuum. (d) The relation of Ψ0 to the resonance (Gamow) function Ψ and of the Hamiltonian to the rotated Hamiltonian H(θ) based on the notion of perturbation of boundary conditions in the asymptotic region. (e) The variational calculation of real and complex energies employing matrix elements of H and H2 with square-integrable and resonance functions. (f) The mathematical structure of the time evolution of |Ψ0〉 and the possibility of observing nonexponential decays in certain autoionizing states that are very close to the ionization threshold. (g) A many-body theory of atomic and molecular resonances that employs the coordinate rotation method.
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  • 36
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The results of calculations of the transition energies and polarization in nucleotide bases performed by the CNDO/S CI method are compared with experimental data for long-wavelength and vacuumabsorption bands. The calculations and the analysis of experimental data testify to the existence of n - π* transitions in the first absorption bands of the bases. The study of double-stranded polynucleotides and DNA hypochromism based on the theoretical electronic characteristics of the bases and perturbation theory is performed. The role of stacking and complementary interactions within the hypochromic effect is cleared up. Two mechanisms for the shift of the fluorescence band maximum are investigated: two-proton transfer along H bonds and excimer formation. The study of H-bond potential curves shows the disadvantage of two-proton phototautomerism in the nucleotide base pairs in contrast to model systems. The possibility of excimer state formation in stacked homo- and heterodimers of nucleotide bases is shown within the extended-Hückel treatment. The nature of excimer minimum for the excited-state potential curve is analyzed.
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  • 37
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 623-634 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theoretical justification of the model potential method is studied in some detail. The correct equations within the framework of Roothaan's open-shell scheme are derived and the approximations necessary to get a workable method are discussed. Analysis of the local part of the model potential suggests a new analytical form for it. The new expression is theoretically more consistent than the original one, and it can be determined in a more straightforward way. A basis set approximation, which is particularly suitable for approximate evaluation of two-electron integrals when only valence orbitals are involved, is discussed and tested with encouraging results. The ideas are tested on the Fe and I atoms.
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  • 38
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 649-657 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polarization model, originally developed to describe deformable and ionizable water molecules, has been extended to hydrogen fluoride. Since electronic polarization is explicitly included, the interaction energy in aggregates of molecules (with or without ions) is nonadditive. The model properly describes the structure of (HF)2, including off-axis bending of the proton acceptor molecule. Calculations are presented to illustrate elementary gas-phase reactions involving proton transfer between HF and F-, and H2F+ and F-.
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  • 39
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 635-639 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concept of a universal basis set for electronic structure calculation is illustrated by presenting results obtained when basis sets are transferred from one atom to another. A single Slater-orbital basis set, consisting of nine 1s and six 2p functions, produces Hartree-Fock total energies and orbital energies in good agreement with the most accurate calculations of these energies obtained using different basis sets individually optimized for each atom. Transferability of integrals is a natural consequence of the use of the same basis set for each atom in a molecule.
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  • 40
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 641-648 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The possible uses of the half-projected Hartree-Fock (HPHF) scheme for computing potential-energy surfaces for both singlet and triplet states are investigated. For that purpose, a new procedure based on the simultaneous solution of two eigenvalue equations is presented for calculating the HPHF function. Applications are given in the cases of the singlet ground state and lowest triplet state of the lithium molecule. In both cases, the HPHF scheme is found to yield the correct general shape of the curves. The features of these curves are discussed. Finally, it is concluded that the HPHF model seems to be useful as a tool for determining potential-energy surfaces, especially in the cases of large molecules where more sophisticated methods are unmanageable.
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  • 41
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 531-547 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) equations are derived up to the second order when the system is perturbed by a monochromatic plane wave. The solutions of the equations are subjected to the orthonormalization conditions satisfied by the orbitals. In the equations, these conditions are expressed by the appearing of coefficients λjkn,ε playing the part of Lagrangian multipliers. Relations between the coefficients λjkn,ε are established. These relations are equivalent to the above-mentioned orthonormalization conditions. This equivalence enables us to substitute for the solution of an integrodifferential equation system subject to constraint conditions, that of a free system. The TDHF equations obtained determine the first- and second-order orbital perturbations, which no doubt verify the orthonormalization conditions. These orbitals can be used in the calculation, up to second order, of different nonlinear optical effects.
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  • 42
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 596-596 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 43
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 619-629 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pair correlation in the ground state of the Li isoelectronic sequence is studied through four approximate wave functions which incorporate inter- and intrashell pair correlation. Of these functions, two possess symmetry appropriate to a three-electron system, while two do not. The functions are not variational functions in the usual sense. They are instead fixed linear combinations of products of orbitals and pair functions for the appropriate states of two-electron atoms. They are considered here as zero-order approximations to the exact wave functions, and the corresponding zero-order Hamiltonians are obtained. The simplest of these functions is improved by the introduction of a screening parameter for the “outer” electron. This latter function is found to be a satisfactory compromise between accuracy and simplicity and is proposed for study via higher-order perturbation theory.
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  • 44
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 599-608 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio calculations of various expectation energies have been made for the reactant and product species in six reactions that involve only small linear molecules. The reactions include fission by hydrogen, addition of hydrogen, exchange of triply bonded atoms, fluorination, and oxygen atom transfer. The change in total electronic energy is not invariably the result of changes in inner shell energy and outer shell σ- and π-electron energies simply augmenting each other, but in several cases there is a complex interplay of opposing effects. This approach gives a different insight into the energetic aspects of changes in bonding from that derived from the concept of shared electron pairs in σ and π bonds together with lone pairs in valence shells. Changes in π-electron energy are shown to be important in a reaction in which neither reactant nor product molecules contain π bonds in the usual chemical sense. While in a reaction in which there is a complete change in the nature of the triple bonds, and hence the π bonding, the change in π-electron energy makes a smaller contribution than either the change in inner shell or the outer shell σ-electron energies.
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  • 45
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We use a previously proposed variation-perturbation method to calculate the electric polarizabilities and the electric dipole moment at equilibrium nuclear distance of the BH molecule. We obtain 3.56 × 10-24 cm3 for the perpendicular polarizability αxx and 3.22 × 10-24 cm3 for the parallel polarizability αzz. Our result for the electric dipole moment μ0 is 1.734 debye units; there is no reliable experimental result to compare it with.
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  • 46
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 737-740 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular spectra of formamide (HCONH2) are interpreted by the use of the new semiempirical method HAM/3. Very good agreement with experiments can be obtained for the calculation of all valence ionization energies as well as for the (negative) electron affinity. In addition, the calculated excitation energies allow an unambiguous interpretation of the UV spectrum, for which previously different ordering of the triplet 3ππ* and 3nπ* transitions have been suggested.
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  • 47
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 549-586 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The resonance energy of conjugated benzenoid systems is expressed as contributions arising from independent conjugated circuits. The scheme has been applied to numerous very large conjugated systems. In many cases, it was possible to find regularities in the increments for the resonance energy within a family of benzenoid systems as the number of benzene rings is increased.
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  • 48
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 595-595 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 49
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 609-618 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A previously given iterative procedure to improve wave functions is analyzed. Its relationship with other well-known approximation methods is investigated. Hypervirial operators depending on a real parameter are proposed and their connection with the employment of an infinite number of hypervirial relations is analyzed. A way to use formulas that are valid for exact eigenfunctions in the case of approximate functions is presented. Formal results are applied to the harmonic oscillator and hydrogen atom models in order to show their practical utilization.
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  • 50
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 651-671 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio MO calculations, using both minimal (STO-3G) and extended (Roos-Siegbahn) basis sets are reported for the systems methanethiol-imidazole, methanethiol-imidazole-formaldehyde, and methanethiol-imidazole-formamide, which, together with a point-change representation of a long α-helix, form models for the active site of papain. It is shown that the large electric field exerted by the helix in the active-site region is responsible for the presence of the essential residues Cys 25 and His 159 in the form of an ion pair RS- ··· ImH+, which is crucial for a recently proposed mechanism for the catalytic action of the enzyme. Also, an explanation is given for the anomalies in measured pK values for these residues. Detailed studies on the (sub)systems show that minimal basis sets lack the flexibility necessary for describing the type of proton transfer involved. We conclude that α-helices are essential parts of enzymes and that they play a significant role in the catalytic process.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 679-687 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A generalization of optimized diatomics-in-molecules method that provides an accurate treatment of overlap integrals is presented. The possibilities of the method to reproduce potential surfaces of the 4B2, 2B2, and 2A1 states of the H3 molecule are investigated. It is shown that satisfactory results can be achieved only for a single state under consideration, but not for the three states simultaneously.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 719-724 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio SCF calculations carried out on the planar cluster CuCl42- suggest that the strong satellites at the high-binding energy side of inner-shell ESCA lines of Cu are due to charge relaxations in the σ-bonding orbitals which mix with Cu 3d. The satellite state with the largest intensity may be described as a one-electron excitation Cu 3d → Cl 3p.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 975-982 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A modification of the overlap approximation for triplet pair correlation energies is presented. The modification allows the use of either the canonical absolute overlap or the minimum absolute overlap. When applied to the b 3∑u+ state of H2, this approximation reproduces the observed correlation energy to within 0.0002 hartree (or ±3%) for all internuclear distances from 1.3 bohr to infinity.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1039-1041 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 55
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1042-1042 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 56
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1069-1074 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Le rǒle de la nonadditivité pour l'énergie d'interaction entre trois molécules de LiH a été examiné dans le cadre de la méthode ab-initio-SCF. La partie nonadditive de l'énergie d'interaction est plus importante pour une structure cyclique que pour un trimère linéaire; elle est stabilisante dans les deux cas. La valeur du rapport entre les termes à deux et à trois corps pour des points différents sur l'hypersurface de l'énergie est discutée.
    Abstract: Die Bedeutung der Nichtadditivität in der Wechselwirkungsenergie zwischen drei LiH-Molekülen ist im Rahmen des ab-initio-SCF-Verfahrens untersucht worden. Der nichtadditive Teil der Wechselwirkungsenergie ist wichtiger für eine zyklische Struktur als in einem linearen Trimer; er ist in beiden Fallen stabilisierend. Das Verhältnis zwischen Zwei- und Dreikörperglieder für verschiedene Punkte auf der Energiehyperfläche wird diskutiert.
    Notes: The role of nonadditivity of the interaction energy between three LiH molecules was investigated within the SCF ab initio framework. The nonadditive part of the interaction energy is more important in the case of a cyclic structure than in a linear trimer, and is stabilizing in both cases. The value of the ratio of three-body and two-body terms for different points on the energy hypersurface is discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1099-1109 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Des développments gaussiens complètement optimisés des fonctions hydrogénoïdes de type 1s, 2pz, 3dxy, et 4fxyz ont été pratiquement reproduits par une construction spéciale des paramètres variationnels. L'utilité des fonctions génératrices utilisées est discutée brièvement.
    Abstract: Vollständig optimisierte Gaussentwicklungen wasserstoffähnlicher Funktionen von Typ 1s, 2pz, 3dxy, und 4fxyz sind mittels eines speziellen Verfahrens für die bestimmung der Variationsparameter praktisch reproduziert worden. Der Nutzen der angewandten erzeugenden Funktionen wird kurz diskutiert.
    Notes: Fully optimized lengthy Gaussian expansions of hydrogenic 1s and 2pz functions have been practically reproduced by generating the variational parameters by means of suitably chosen functions involving only few parameters. Hydrogenic 3dxy and 4fxyz functions have been approximated in a similar way. The usefulness of such generating functions is briefly discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1125-1141 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'approximation HF présentée dans la partie I a été testée par rapport à plusieurs propriétés moléculaires. Trois niveaux d'aproximation différents a, b, et c sont considérés. Des résultats satisfaisants - en comparaison avec des calculs HF “exacts” - sont obtenus avec la base STO-3G et le niveau a. A ce niveau-ci l'erreur dans l'énergie de liaison est de 0.001-0.025 a.u. pour toutes les molécules considérées, qui contiennent jusqu'à six atomes de la première ligne comme par exemple le cyclopentanone (C5OH8). L'erreur dans les énergies de réaction traitées ici est d'environ 4 kcal/mol (l'erreur maximale est de 9 kcal/mol). Les énergies orbitalaires, les moments dipolaires, les charges brutes, les géométries d'équilibres et les barrières de rotation interne sont bien reproduits par notre méthode à tous les trois niveaux.
    Abstract: Die HF-Näherungsmethode, welche im Teil I vorgestellt wurde, wird an einigen Moleküleigenschaften getestet. Drei Näherungsstufen a, b, und c werden untersucht. Zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse - verglichen mit entsprechenden “exakten” HF-Rechnungen - erhält man mit der STO-3G Basis und der Näherungsstufe a. Bei dieser Näherung ist der Fehler in der Bindungsenergie 0.001-0.025 a.u. für alle untersuchten Moleküle, welche bis zu 6 Atome der 1. Reihe enthalten, wie z.B. Cyclopentanon (C5OH8). Der Fehler in den hier behandelten Reaktionsenergien beträgt etwa 4 kcal/mol (der maximale Fehler beträgt 9 kcal/mol). Orbitalenergien, Diplolmomente, Bruttoladungen, Gleichgewichtsgeometrien und Rotationsbarrieren werden durch die Näherungsmethode bei allen Näherungsstufen gut wiedergegeben.
    Notes: The HF approximation method that was outlined in Paper I is tested with respect to several molecular properties. Three different levels of approximation a, b, and c are considered. Satisfactory results - compared to corresponding “exact” HF calculations - are obtained with the STO-3G basis and the approximation level a. At this level the error in the binding energy is 0.001-0.025 a.u. for all considered molecules which contain up to six first-row atoms as, e.g., cyclopentanone (C5OH8). The error in the reaction energies considered here is about 4 kcal/mol (the maximal error is 9 kcal/mol). Orbital energies, dipole moments, gross charges, equilibrium geometries, and barriers to internal rotation are well reproduced by the approximation method at all three levels.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 995-1006 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of side-chain disorder on the electronic structure of proteins has been investigated in the case of polypeptides containing two or three different amino acid residues. It has been found that due to the different potentials of different side-chain groups, the original valence and conduction bands of the homopolypeptides are split into narrow bands. The comparison of the densities of electronic states in simple homopolypeptides and in composite polymers shows that new forbidden regions in the energy spectrum of proteins may develop. The consequences of these effects for the semiconductive properties of proteins are discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1031-1037 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a previous paper, a scheme of integral approximation was proposed, in which a large number of two-electron integrals containing a certain kind of orbital pairs, i.e., weakly related pairs, can be neglected. A new criterion for partitioning orbital pairs into two groups, i.e., strongly and weakly related pairs, is introduced in order to allow for neglect of more integrals without sacrificing the accuracy of a computation. Test calculations on the BH3—C2H4 complex show that by the use of the new version, results of roughly the same accuracy as was obtained by the old version is obtained by retaining 80% of the integrals used in the old version. This kind of saving is more significant for larger molecules. For example, in a calculation on Cu-porphine with 203 CGTO'S, the revised version will require about 2.0 × 106 integrals, while the original version will require about 4.5 × 106. And these two approximate calculations are expected to give the results of roughly the same accuracy.
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cooperative phenomena may be involved in the biological effects of magnetic fields (H), since its effects on isolated atoms or ions, at room temperature, are very weak. It is suggested that interactions at the social level can considerably increase the efficiency of H in orienting the displacements of animals. This effect is discussed with a simple mathematical model inspired on superparamagnetism. In case of very weak interactions of H with isolated animals, it suggests that orientation could only be made visible through cooperativity at the social level. These results are generalized to other physical stimuli and effects, leading to the concept of cooperative sensory response, i.e., a group response to an external physical agent even when its effect on isolated members of the group is undetectable.
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: En déterminant les paramètres des jeux de base dans des environnements moléculaires par d'autres critères que l'énergie totale, il est démontré qu'une généralisation de la base pour des fragments moléculaires peut ětre obtenue, dans laquelle les propriétés géométriques et celles de la structure électronique sont prédites considérablement mieux qu'avec des bases de taille semblable. Comme premier pas dans le développement d'une série de bases avec une flexibilité et une précision de plus en plus prononcée, on a construit plusieurs jeux de base de type simple zéta avec une contraction gaussienne pour chaque orbitale de base. Les meilleures de ces bases donnent des propriétés géométriques et électroniques pour une série de molécules organiques avec'une précision meilleure que celle obtenue par la base correspondante de type STO-2G et semblable dans la plupart des cas à STO-3G. En outre cette base peut ětre utilisée soit avec des gaussiennes cartésiennes, soit avec des gaussiennes sphériques flottantes.
    Abstract: Durch eine Bestimmung von Basissatzparametern in Molekülumgebungen mit anderen Kriterien als der Gesamtenergie wird gezeigt, dass eine Verallgemeinerung des Molekülfragmentsbasissatzes erhalten werden kann, mit welchem geometrischen und Elektronstruktureigenschaften beträchtlich besser als mit anderen Basissätzen ähnlicher Grösse vorhergesagt werden können. Als erster Schritt in der Entwicklung einer Reihe von Basissätzen mit sukzessiv grösserer Flexibilität und Genauigkeit werden mehrere Basissätze von Einzelzetatyp durch eine Gauss'sche Kontraktion für jedes Basisorbital konstruiert. Mit den besten dieser Basissätze werden geometrische und elektronische Eigen-schaften für eine Reihe von organischen Molekülen mit besserer Genauigkeit als dem entsprechenden STO-2G Basissatz und in vielen Fallen ähnlich dem STO-2G Satz erhalten. Weiter wird gezeiget, dass dieser Basissatz mit sowohl Cartesischen als fliesseden sphärischen Gaussfunktionen vereinbar ist.
    Notes: By determining basis set parameters in molecular environments using other criteria than total energy, it is shown that a generalization of the molecular fragment basis can be obtained in which calculated geometric and electronic structural properties are predicted substantially better than with other basis sets of similar size. As a first step in the development of a series of basis sets having successively greater flexibility and accuracy, several single-zeta basis sets are created, using a two-Gaussian contraction for each basis orbital. The best of these basis sets produced calculated geometric and electronic properties for a series of molecules that model a wide variety of organic molecules that are of better accuracy than the corresponding STO-2G basis, and similar in most cases to STO-3G. In addition, the basis set is shown to be applicable in either a Cartesian Gaussian basis or a floating spherical Gaussian basis.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 1111-1123 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une méthode est proposée, qui réduit considérablement le travail numérique dans un calcul HF en réduisant le nombre d'intégrales à deux électrons qui doivent ětre calculées. Les procédés suivants sont utilisés: (i) la densité électronique est approximée par un petit nombre de fonctions pour la partie de Coulomb de la matrice HF; (ii) cette densité approchée est modifiée pour améliorer son potentiel; (iii) dans la partie d'échange une fonction de base χ est remplacée par une fonction \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde \chi $\end{document} avec un nombre moindre de lobes gaussines; (iv) l'érreur causée par ce remplacement-ci est réduite par une modification des densités \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde \chi _i \tilde \chi _j $\end{document} dans les intégrales d'échange. Le temps de calcul pour les intégrales est réduit par un facteur 6 pour des molécules contenant cinq atomes de la première ligne comme par exemple CF4, si l'on utilise une base 7S/3P contractée à (5, 1, 1/3). Le temps augmente approximativement avec n3, si n est le nombre de lobes gaussiens.
    Abstract: Eine Methode wird vorgeschlagen, welche den numerischen Aufwand von Hartree-Foch Rechnungen dadurch verringert, indem die Zahl der zu berechnenden Zweielektronenintegrale reduziert wird. Dabei werden folgende Konzepte verwendet: (i) Zur Berechnung des Coulombanteils der HF Matrix wird die Elektronendichte durch wenig Funktionen approximiert. (ii) Die approximierte Dichte wird so modifiziert, daß ihr Potential verbessert wird. (iii) Zur Berechnung des Austauschanteils wird eine Basisfunktion χ durch eine Funktion \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde \chi $\end{document} ersetzt, welche weniger Gauss-lobes enthält. (iv) Der dadurch hervorgerufene Fehler wird durch eine Änderung der in den Austauschintegralen vorkommenden Dichten \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde \chi _i \tilde \chi _j $\end{document} reduziert. Für Moleküle, welche 5 Atome der 1. Reihe enthalten, wie z.B. CF4, wird die Rechenzeit für den Integralteil um den Faktor 6 reduziert, wenn eine 7S/3P Basis kontrahiert zu (5, 1, 1/3) verwendet wird. Die Integralzeit nimmt etwa mit der 3. Potenz der Zahl der Gauss-lobes zu.
    Notes: A method is proposed that reduces the computational effort of HF calculations considerably by reducing the number of two-electron integrals that have to be calculated. The following concepts are used: (i) approximation of the electron density by only few functions for the Coulomb part of the HF matrix; (ii) modification of this approximate density, to improve its Coulomb field; (iii) in the exchange part, a basis function χ is replaced by a function \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde \chi $\end{document} consisting of fewer Gaussian lobes; (iv) the error caused by this replacement is reduced by a modification of the densities \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \tilde \chi _i \tilde \chi _j $\end{document} in the exchange integrals. The computation time of the integral part is reduced by a factor 6 for molecules containing five first-row atoms as, e.g., CF4, if one uses a 7S/3P basis set contracted to (5, 1, 1/3). The integral time increases roughly with n3, if n is the number of Gaussian lobes.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 65
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 3-9 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A hierarchy of necessary conditions that an exact density matrix of a pure state or an ensemble has to satisfy is derived, namely the hermiticity of certain operators F(k). For k = 1 this reduces to the well-known Hartree-Fock condition. It is then shown that the kth set of conditions is equivalent to stationarity of the energy with respect to unitary k-particle transformations. k-Particle generalizations of Hartree-Fock theory are then discussed both in the spirit of k-particle pseudoeigenvalue equations and in the framework of a Newton-Raphson-type constructive scheme.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 275-280 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The binding energy spectra for the valence orbitals of hydrogen chloride have been obtained using the binary (e,2e) method at 1200 eV. The strength of the innermost valence orbital (4σ) is severely split among several ion states in the energy range 25 to 41 eV. The measured cross sections are compared with results of calculations using contracted Gaussian basis sets of double-zeta quality, and with a one-particle Green's function calculation.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 307-310 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The charge exchange process in the intervalence (mixed-valence) system is interpreted in terms of the nonstationary state mechanism which is a well-known approach for rationalizing the molecular tautomerism process. The two kinds of processes are viewed in a close analogy in the sense that both involve a pair of near-degenerate levels in a double-well potential. However, a comparison is made between the two cases to demonstrate that an electron moves not only faster but also farther in distance than a nucleus does.
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Traditionally, the calculation of the vibrational spectra of molecules involves at one point or another a numerical differentiation procedure. Such a method has some serious drawbacks both in efficiency and in accuracy. In this paper, an alternative method based on linear response theory is presented. The second derivative of the ground-state energy is expressed in terms of the electron density response matrix by means of perturbation theory. The unperturbed wave functions are obtained from the Hartree-Fock equation. First-order perturbation theory applied to this equation leads to the Hartree-Fock linear response. As an illustration of this method the vibrational frequency of a H2 molecule is calculated. The result is 1.348 × 1014 Hz as compared to the experimental value of 1.319 × 1014 Hz. This method is also applicable in the calculation of the phonon dispersion curves of solids.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 393-396 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A brief account of a quantum chemistry literature data base (QCLDB) is described, which contains the key information of about 2000 papers of ab initio calculations of atoms and molecules published in 1977-1979. The QCLDB is stored in a computer and can be sorted and rearranged into author and substance indices. Selection of the items for each paper in a computer-readable data base is discussed.
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Metal chelates [(C2H2X2)2M]n with ligating atoms X = NH, O, S and central atoms M = Be2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ (n = 0, ± 2), and M = Li+, Cu+ (n = ± 1, -3), have been studied in our Laboratory for some years by ab initio calculations. In this article it is shown that certain features of the complexes are the same for all the different metals in our series. These features include a drastic reduction of the energy gap between unoccupied and occupied orbitals, when electrons are added to the positively charged complexes. This change of the energy gap is shown to be an effect of the ligand dimer [(C2H2X2)2]n. But this dimer can only exist when a positive ion, e.g., a metal ion, forms a bridge between the two monomers. The reduced energy gap implies a strong bathochromic shift of the electronic spectrum and low electrical resistivity.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 457-462 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photoisomerization of imine compounds is studied in terms of an ab initio MO CI calculation. The potential curves of the syn-anti isomerization via the rotation and the inversion are examined for benzaldimine. It is suggested that the photoisomerization is initiated through the rotation around the C—N bond in both singlet and triplet states. The ease of the photoisomerization is found to be determined by both the conformation of phenyl ring in the ground state and the energy difference of vertically excited states between two isomers.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 493-500 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: To aid in designing new therapeutic iron chelating agents, the mechanism of iron binding to prototypic heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones has been studied. Based on molecular orbital and spectroscopic studies, iron (II) is found to bind in a covalent manner, while iron(III) seems to interact ionically. However, with both iron(II) and iron(III), chelate formation is dependent on charge interaction between the metal and the coordinating atoms of the ligand.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 515-519 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The potential-energy curves for the movement of proton along the hydrogen-bond direction were calculated for the parent and cations produced from the β- decay of pyridine-pyrrole labeled by tritium (3H) or carbon-14(14C). For all cations the double minimum potential is predicted to be formed, and the activation energy for the proton transfer from one well to the other is about 10.0 kcal/mol, which is much lower than that in the (NH2—H—NH2)+ ion. A positional effect of nuclear transformation is scarcely expected in 3H β- decay, whereas a slight positional effect may be expected in 14C β- decay.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 533-537 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical study has been made on the translational or “rattling” motion of homonuclear diatomic molecules encaged in β-quinol clathrates. By the use of an adjustable parameter for the van der Waals radius, experimental results have been explained fairly well.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 501-508 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The problem of the existence of a prostaglandin (PG) receptor is still controversial, but it seems to be clear that the main action of the PGs concerns the interface of the cellular membrane (which has a predominantly lipid character) and the extracellular liquid (which mainly consists of water). Also especially in the case of the exogenous PGs, the transport of these substances in the organism in influenced by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of the reactive molecules. These properties can be estimated by MO studies using a solvation model and a semiempirical method of calculation. This paper is concerned with the molecules of PGA1 and PGE1. MO studies were performed for these molecules with the CNDO/SW method in order to calculate ionization potentials, dipole moments, and molecular polarizabilities. With these computed molecular properties, the electrostatic and van der Waals interactions with water and octanol molecules are evaluated and compared within the framework of the original model. This study allows the differentiation of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic character of the PGs investigated and the comparison of the results with experimental data.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 189-191 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 607-613 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The range in ordinary space of a defect in a solid, polymer, or a large molecule is an important parameter in many physical and chemical situations like, e.g., substitutional and interstitial impurities in ionic crystals, deep and shallow energy levels in semiconductors, core holes in systems studied by photoelectron spectroscopy, and hydrogen in metals. Both the electronic structure and the lattice of the host molecule or solid are normally influenced by the defect, and it is desirable to treat, as far as possible, these two aspects together. An explicit procedure for investigating the degree of localization is proposed that is based on the direct calculation of Wannier functions and partitioning technique.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 619-623 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Exciton transfers in the two-dimensional and spin-canted antiferromagnet (C2H5NH3)2MnCl4 were studied by investigating the absorption spectra 6A1g → 4T2g(4D) of Mn2+. A magnon side band (exciton-magnon simultaneous excitation) which has an anomalous shape with the cutoffs at the low-energy as well as the high-energy sides was observed. This anomalous shape could be reproduced in calculation as magnon side band, considering both the intersublattice and intrasublattice exciton transfers. From the analysis of this band shape, the magnitudes of the intersublattice and intrasublattice exciton transfers are estimated to be 10.2 and 6.8 cm-1, respectively. In the case of simple antiferromagnets without spin canting, the intersublattice exciton transfer process is forbidden because of the spin angular momentum. However, in the case of (C2H5NH3)2MnCl4, the prohibition of the intersublattice exciton transfer is removed by the canted-spin arrangement.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 695-708 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new method has been proposed for calculating the Gaussian matrix elements of the interaction operator represented by an arbitrary degree of interelectron distance X12ρ. The method is based on the expansion of two-electron integrals as the sum of one-electron integrals which in turn admit compact operator representation in terms of confluent hypergeometric functions. The generating differential operator has been shown to be related to the modified Hermitian polynomials. The standard structure of the special functions encountered in this approach is useful in studying the analytical behavior of the integrals and makes it possible to obtain for these integrals recurrence relations, direct algebraic expressions in the forms of finite sum of confluent hypergeometric functions, integral representations, and asymptotic properties. Unlike the usual methods based on integral transformation of the interaction operator, the proposed approach has a wider field of application, and in addition, leads to compact and convenient analytical expressions. The idea of using differential properties of integrals to simplify the integrand structure gives the proposed approach a certain resemblance to that suggested by Boys but not developed in detail in his pioneer work.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 775-782 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Properties of Hückel parameters are investigated by using a mapping concept. The mapping is constructed by means of the Linderberg relation. No efforts are made to get a numerically correct description of the Hückel parameters.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 797-810 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The performance of the MINDO/3 method has been evaluated in simple heteroatomic molecules that are representative of several important biological systems. Molecular geometries are accurate to within 0.04 Å for bond lengths, and 3° for most bond angles. Dipole moments and charge distributions are estimated satisfactorily, and ionization potentials are predicted to an accuracy of 0.5 eV. The method is less accurate in estimating the ionization of some upper level σ orbitals. The overall evaluation shows that MINDO/3 provides a good description of the geometries and electronic properties of the molecules studied. The results of MINDO/3 calculations in several other chemical systems are also reviewed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 841-866 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spin functions that are compatible with orbital ordering and geminal antisymmetry conditions are investigated. It is shown that two widely used classes of spin functions, namely, the spin-bonded functions and Yamanouchi-Kotani (or, equivalently, Gelfand-Tsetlin) functions possess these properties. The relationship of the latter with Young-Yamanouchi spin functions is also outlined using graphical techniques of spin algebras. These techniques are also used to rederive the Hamiltonian matrix elements between spin-bonded functions and to show the relationship among the various schemes used in this case.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 1109-1131 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theorem is presented that characterizes approximate states and truncated operator manifolds associated with self-consistent approximate propagators. This theorem establishes a natural relationship between Hermiticity, stationarity, nonredundance and completeness of operator manifolds, model time evolution, and the vacuum condition. For the case of the polarization propagator we describe algorithms by which we can construct states and manifolds that satisfy this theorem and the vacuum condition.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 1165-1173 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An exchange-correlation potential model to be used in connection with the multiple scattering method is presented. Retaining the main advantages of the multiple scattering method with the Xα potential, particularly its low computational requirements, this new formalism does not require any adjustable parameter. Test calculations on the NiF64- system are reported and compared with experimental and ab initio results.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 1405-1413 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Semiempirical MO calculations of the self-consistent charge and configuration (SCCC) method are reported for the acetonitrile-metal solvated species (CH3CN)xMn+, where M = Be2+ and Mg2+. Comparison of the delocalization energies for various chemical structures x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 leads to an expectation of a tetrahedral structure for the Be2+ species and an octahedral structure for the Mg2+ species. The electronic nature of the donor-acceptor interaction is also discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 1465-1472 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Analytical formulas are given for the orbital contributions to two-electron properties such as 〈r12n〉, with n = -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, and 4, for atomic systems in which orbitals are expanded as linear combinations of Gaussian functions. Numerical values for all possible contributions in the atoms Li to Ne have been calculated at the Hartree-Fock level. These quantities are compared and discussed to show what kind of information can be obtained from such quantities. The influence of the basis set size has also been considered.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 1485-1487 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 709-713 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using a modified form of Sharma's method for the expansion of a Slater-type orbital in spherical harmonics about a displaced center, a general expression for the overlap integral between two orbitals is derived that is equivalent to that given by Sharma. By use of a simple kind of “computer algebra” this expression is developed here into a formula that is equivalent to earlier known ones and may have computational advantages when the generated formula coefficients are stored. This method is capable of extension to more complicated integrals.
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 891-904 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper reports some theoretical studies of PGA1 using conformational and molecular orbital techniques. The conformation energy (CE) calculations, using empirical potential-energy functions, for intrinsic torsional rotations around C12—C13 (θ), C7—C8 (Ψ), and C14—C15 (φ) show a number of energy minima. The relative value of the CE for these minima ranges from 4.09 to 8.01 kcal/mol. An additional rotation around C4—C5 (χ) giving “twist” to the carboxyl chains lowers the CE value by 2-3 kcal/mol and a conformation with CE value 2.39 kcal/mol less than crystallographic one is obtained. The interchain interaction energy showed changes with conformations. No significant change in the interchain interaction energy was observed due to “twist” in the carboxyl chain. The isopotential mapping study demonstrated the probable ionic binding site near the carboxyl and the ring (O9) oxygens. Conformational and molecular orbital results are discussed in the light of the reduced abortifacient potency of PGA1 with respect to PGF2α and the possible role of Ca2+ ions in this action.
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  • 90
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 1157-1163 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The transformation of two-electron integrals from an atomic orbital basis to a symmetry orbital basis is a straightforward procedure, but becomes a time-consuming process when the system has high symmetry. In the conventional transformation algorithm, the number of multiplications is proportional to the fifth power of the basis size. To reduce the computer time, a new transformation algorithm is proposed. In this method, the number of multiplications for the transformation is proportional to the fourth power of the number of atomic orbitals in an equivalent orbital group. A new transformation program has been completed and tested against the conventional n5 method. The present method may be regarded as extension of Almlöf's method to any molecular point group. The program cuts the CPU time for the transformation to one-third in calculations for C4H8 and NiF6. This reduction is quite significant for large systems having high symmetry.
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  • 91
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978), S. 331-347 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic structure of tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) is calculated using the new semiempirical method HAM/3. The calculated photoelectron spectrum is in reasonable agreement with the measured spectrum. The excitation energies are obtained directly in HAM as the differences of the energies of the unoccupied and the occupied orbitals. The calculated UV spectrum is in good agreement with the measurements. The weak band at 5.3 eV, which earlier had been assumed to correspond to a forbidden transition, is allowed according to HAM. The electron affinity is also in reasonable agreement with the measured value. An explanation has been given for the experimental observation of several resonance states (negative electron affinities). p-Quinodimethane has also been studied.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 92
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 271-287 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The convergence properties of perturbation theories for molecular interaction energies are tested by performing high-accuracy high-order numerical calculations for a ground-state hydrogen atom interacting with a proton. It is shown that a strong symmetry forcing used in the Eisenschitz-London-Hirschfelder-van der Avoird (EL-HAV) theory leads to rapidly convergent perturbation expansion whereas a weak symmetry forcing, peculiar to the Murrell-Shaw-Musher-Amos (MSMA) theory, is not able to guarantee the convergence of the resulting perturbation series. The perturbation expansion introduced recently by Jeziorski and Kolos and corresponding to an intermediate symmetry forcing is shown to converge rapidly ensuring the correct asymptotic behavior of the interaction energy calculated through second order. Despite the divergence of the resulting perturbation series the MSMA theory is shown to give very useful results at the distances corresponding to the van der Waals minimum. In this region, however, virtually the same results can be obtained by using a simpler theory employing a properly symmetrized wave function of the usual Rayleigh-Schrödinger (RS) polarization theory.
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  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 333-336 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 13 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 95
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 361-370 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 96
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 14 (1978), S. 371-382 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a discussion of the functional dependences of the wave functions for bound, resonant, and scattering states on the radial coordinate ρ and the rotation angle α in the complex coordinate method. We conclude that for bound states and resonances, ρ and α are constrained to appear in the wave functions only in the for ρ exp(iα). On the other hand, this constraint is not obtained for the scattering states since the energy of the scattering states depends on α. In addition we suggest a partitioning of the resonant wave function into two parts - a boundlike or “Q-space” part and a scattering like or “P-space” part. With these concepts one can incorporate physical insight into the choice of configurations as one does in other methods and can apply the complex coordinate method to many electron systems with an expected rate of convergence similar to other techniques. Its advantages are that a single calculation yields the position and width of the resonance, only square integrable functions are used, only a solution of a straightforward eigenvalue problem is required unlike some methods, arbitrarily accurate target states are easily incorporated, and polarization terms can easily be explicitly included. Variational calculations for the position and width of the lowest 2S resonance in the negative helium ion are reported using trial wave functions containing 39, 43, 55, 24, and 32 “P-space” configurations, respectively. Values of 19.387 eV and 12.13 meV are obtained for the position and width, respectively, for the resonance over a range in the rotation angle of almost two orders of magnitude. One also finds that inclusion of free-particle-like basis functions improves the representation of the scattering states.
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  • 97
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Double-helical polynucleotide conformations, poly(dA)·poly(dT), poly(d(A-T))·poly(d(T-A))·poly(dG)·poly(dC), and poly(d(G-C))·poly(d(C-G)) are analyzed by the atom-atom potential method. The energy optimization is carried out in the space of eight independent geometric parameters using analytical procedures for the constraints, taking into account the flexibility of the β-D-deoxyribose rings. At the first stage, the full screening of atomic partial charges was assumed. The structures of the calculated B and the A forms of DNA are characterized by low energy and absence of short contacts; the dihedral angles are near the average values in the monomers. With the typical energy difference of 3-5 kcal/mol nucleotide pairs in all cases, the B form is more preferable as compared to the A form. At the final step the effect of the Coulomb term is evaluated for poly(dA)·poly(dT) using various values of the effective dielectric constant (ε = 28, 24, 20, 18, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, and 1). If ε ≤24, the energy optimization leads A to B. We discuss the stereochemical details of the intermediate conformations on the A-B path and hypothesize the nature of stability of the A and the B forms and the mechanism of the A-B transition.
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  • 98
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 377-398 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The energy of (H2O)3 has been calculated for 29 geometrical configurations of the trimer using the SCF LCAO MO method and extended as well as minimal basis sets of Gaussian functions. For two configurations two intermediate basis sets have also been tested. The results show the nonadditive component of the interaction energy to be small. They also indicate that fairly reliable results for the trimer can be obtained using minimal basis sets and the counterpoise method to eliminate the basis set superposition error. The nonadditive contribution to the interaction energy is shown to be mainly due to the long-range induction interaction.
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  • 99
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 459-465 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present two identities that permit a simplification of some lengthy derivations with spherical harmonics. Examples of their use are given.
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  • 100
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The practical value of a wave function derives from its ability to estimate or predict the chemical and physical properties of the electronic structure which it describes. Reliability is defined as a property to be evaluated on the basis of (i) the magnitude of the difference between the measured and calculated values of the observable together with (ii) the sign of the difference, (ii) the number and nature of observables correctly estimated, and (iv) the number and type of electronic structures that are correctly estimated. Systematic statistical comparison implies the existence of both internally consistent sets of wave functions for homologous series of molecules and their corresponding experimental values together with reliable error estimates. The most complete data base currently available for comparison is the spectroscopic constants for the first and second row diatomic hydrides. Utilizing appropriate statistical comparison techniques, four approximations (CEPA, PNO-CI, GTO-SCF, and STO-SCF) are compared among themselves and against experimentally measured values. The CEPA approximation yields differences from experiment that approximate a normal error distribution, while the other approximations show systematic departures from experiment. Two values, ωe and ωeχe, for SH exhibit differences large enough to cast doubt upon the calculated value, the experimental value, or both.
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