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  • Chromatographie, Dünnschicht  (38)
  • Neurosecretion
  • liver
  • Springer  (66)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Irkutsk : Ross. Akad. Nauk, Sibirskoe Otd., Inst. Zemnoj Kory
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Wiley
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (66)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1977  (40)
  • 1975  (26)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (66)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Irkutsk : Ross. Akad. Nauk, Sibirskoe Otd., Inst. Zemnoj Kory
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Wiley
Years
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (66)
  • 1970-1974
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, gene loci controlling ; cigarette smoke ; mice ; lung ; liver ; 3-methylcholanthrene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract When mice from different inbred strains are injected intraperitoneally with 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), the activity of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) rapidly increases in livers of some strains but not others. AHH plays a role in the metabolism of polycyclic hydrocarbons. Alleles at a small number of loci account for most of the variation in inducibility of hepatic AHH among mice, when MC is used as the inducing agent. Cigarette smoke is a common source of carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons in the environment. Since some of the hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke are metabolized by AHH, the activity of AHH in tissues may affect the carcinogenicity of smoke in those tissues. The purpose of these experiments was to see whether induction of AHH in lung in response to cigarette smoke is regulated by the same genes that regulate induction of AHH in liver in response to MC. Mouse strains AKR/J and C57L/J and six recombinant inbred (RI) lines derived from them were tested for the response of AHH in lung and liver to parenteral MC or inhalation of cigarette smoke. Inducibility (the ratio of MC-induced AHH activities to basal AHH activities) in liver from MC-treated RI lines is bimodal and compatible with Mendelian segregation of genes at a small number of loci. Increased activities of AHH in MC-treated liver are associated with increased ability to metabolize BP and whole smoke condensates to mutagens detected by Salmonella typhimurium TA1538. Inducibility of AHH in lung in response to MC is not bimodal, and no definite conclusion about the number of loci can be made. When actual levels of AHH activity are considered, following the administration of MC as inducing agent, there is a correlation (r=0.89, p〈0.01) between AHH levels in liver and lung, suggesting that some genes affecting liver also affect lung. Basal and MC-induced AHH levels in lung are also correlated (r=0.86, p〈0.01). Mice with high basal activities have two to threefold higher levels of AHH after MC treatment than do mice with low basal activities. Induction of AHH in pulmonary tissues occurs in all mice after either parenteral MC or smoke inhalation. In contrast to MC treatment, AHH activities in lungs following smoke inhalation are not correlated with AHH levels in liver after MC (r=0.49) and are only weakly correlated with basal (r=0.66, 0.05〈p〈0.10) pulmonary levels. The correlation between MC-induced and smoke-induced AHH activities in lung is weak (r=0.63, 0.05〈p〈0.10). We conclude that the genetic regulation of AHH activity in lung is not as simple as the genetic regulation of AHH activity in liver, especially when complex inducing agents such as cigarette smoke are used.
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  • 2
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    Cell & tissue research 182 (1977), S. 557-564 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sinus gland ; Gammarus ; Neurosecretion ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sinus gland of Gammarus oceanicus, like that of other crustaceans, is composed of three elements: neurosecretory axons, glial cells and stromal sheath. Five neurosecretory axon types are identified on the basis of granule diameter, shape, and electron density, and axon matrix density. Exocytosis appears to be the major release mechanism of neurosecretory material. The preterminal regions of neurosecretory axons contain axoplasmic reticulum and neurotubules. Their arrangement in the axon and relationship with one another suggest a transport function. Multilamellar bodies are found in the terminal regions of neurosecretory axons. They arise from mitochondria and may be involved in granulolysis.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Alcian blue ; Alcian yellow staining ; Ultrastructure ; Bulinus truncatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neurosecretory system of the freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus was investigated. With the Alcian blue-Alcian yellow (AB/AY) staining method at least 10 different types of neurosecretory cells (NSC) were distinguished in the ganglia of the central nervous system. The differences in staining properties of the NSC — with AB/AY the cells take on different shades of green and yellow — are borne out at the ultrastructural level: the NSC types contain different types of neurosecretory elementary granules. The neurosecretory system of B. truncatus is compared to that of Lymnaea stagnalis, the species which has received the most attention among the pulmonates. It appears from the comparison that the systems of both species show many similarities, although some differences are also apparent.
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  • 4
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    Cell & tissue research 176 (1977), S. 109-120 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Achatina fulica ; Aplysia californica ; Neurosecretion ; Homology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The right parietal ganglion of the African snail Achatina fulica contains an identifiable cluster of 20–40 white cells with somatic diameters of 80–110 μ. Cobalt chloride injection into these cells revealed an axon projection in the right parietal nerve as well as apparent terminations in the capsule. The cells contain an abundance of electron dense granules 1000–2000 Å in diameter which are formed in the Golgi apparatus. The granules stain with Gomori's chrome hematoxylin and paraldehyde fuchsin methods. While most cluster cells showed no “spontaneous” electrical activity, there was a correlation for the active cells between rate of activity and intensity of cell whiteness. These and other data suggest that the cluster cells are neurosecretory. A claim of homology with the “rostral white cells”, R3–R13, in the parieto-visceral ganglion of Aplysia is based on a similarity of morphological and electrophysiological features, together with analogous locations in the respective ganglia. It is concluded that the right parietal ganglion of Achatina is homologous with the right half of the parieto-visceral ganglion of Aplysia.
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  • 5
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 84 (1977), S. 1331-1334 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: benzo(a)pyrene ; liver ; hepatoma ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cells of a monolayer culture of embryonic mouse liver, like cells of a culture of highly malignant hepatoma 22A, maintained by transplantation for 20 years, actively metabolized the carcinogenic hydrocarbon benzo(a)pyrene and are highly sensitive to its toxic action. Considering that liver tissue in vivo is resistant to carcinogenic hydrocarbons, the authors suggest that this resistance is due to factors acting at the organ or organism level but not at the cell level. The problem of the mechanism of preservation of the sensitivity of hepatoma 22A to the toxic action of benzo(a)pyrene also is discussed.
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  • 6
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 84 (1977), S. 1413-1415 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: carbon tetrachloride ; oxygen ; liver ; bile acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of enteral oxygen therapy was studied in rats with acute degeneration of the liver caused by CCl4. Intragastric injection of oxygen foam reduced the severity of poisoning and led to more rapid and complete recovery of the intensity of bile secretion, synthesis of primary bile acids, and their conjugation with amino acids, and improved the stabilizing properties of the bile.
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  • 7
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 84 (1977), S. 1783-1784 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: mitochondria ; liver ; alcohol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes under the influence of alcohol were studied. The greatest changes were found in the mitochondria. Physical exertion and a low protein diet have a marked effect on the degree of alcohol poisoning. The first factor reduces whereas the second aggravates the harmful action of alcohol.
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  • 8
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 83 (1977), S. 487-490 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: mitochondrion ; liver ; vagotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the liver mitochondria of rats after bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy were studied. Two stages were distinguished in the dynamics of the response of the mitochondrial system to denervation. During the first stage (0.5–3 days after vagotomy) reversible functional disturbances due to postoperative stress took place in the mitochondria. The second stage (7–60 days after denervation) is characterized by more marked structural and functional changes with some common features with those observed in hypoxia and resulting from vagotomy itself.
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  • 9
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 84 (1977), S. 1183-1186 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: liver ; polyploidy ; mitotic index ; index of labeled nuclei ; guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An autoradiographic study with [3H]thymidine showed that the hepatocytes of young sexually mature guinea pigs commence the phase of DNA synthesis 25 h after partial hepatectomy. Peaks of the number of labeled nuclei were found 30, 45, and 60 h after the operation. Two waves of mitoses were found by counting mitotic figures in squash preparations: 40 and 55 h after hepatectomy. A cytophotometric study of the DNA content showed that practically all the mononuclear and binuclear hepatocytes contained diploid nuclei 3 and 5 days after the operation. By the end of the 7th day of regeneration there were 6% of mononuclear tetraploid cells. The number of binuclear cells fell during the period of regeneration studied from 16 to 8%. It is concluded that the principal cytological mechanism of liver regeneration in guinea pigs is normal mitosis terminating in separation of the cells.
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  • 10
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 83 (1977), S. 490-494 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: carbon tetrachloride ; liver ; RNA metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the content and incorporation of 5-3H-uridine after brief exposure to its labeled precursor were studied in the individual liver RNA fractions of rats during administration of carbon tetrachloride for 24 weeks. These fractions were obtained by preparative electrophoresis in 2.5% polyacrylamide gel from previously isolated nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA. Administration of CCl4 to rats was shown to reduce the quantity of transfer and ribosomal RNA in the liver tissue. Chronic CCl4 poisoning also disturbs the synchronization of the turnover of the individual components of fast-labeled RNA.
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  • 11
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    Cell & tissue research 180 (1977), S. 253-261 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Microtubules ; Neurohypophysis ; Neurosecretion ; Axoplasmic transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The microtubules in the neurosecretory neurones of the posterior pituitary were studied using different electron microscopical techniques. Tannic acid staining indicated that the microtubules had a 13 protofilament substructure similar to that described for microtubules from other tissues and organisms; the dimensions of the microtubules were also similar to that previously reported. Albumen pretreatment clearly showed the microtubules running across axonal swellings, but not continuing across the nerve endings. The only organelles showing possible association with the microtubules were small vesicles and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, no association between hormone granules and microtubules could be seen.
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  • 12
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    Cell & tissue research 178 (1977), S. 129-141 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Choroid plexus ; Vasopressin ; Neurosecretion ; Rat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light and electron microscopic examination of choroid plexuses from lateral ventricles of water-deprived and subcutaneously or intravenously vasopressin administered rats reveal morphologic changes typical for vasopressin responsive fluid transporting epithelia during hormonal stimulation. Ultrastructural changes noted in both dehydrated and vasopressin treated animals included: the frequent occurrence of choroidal “dark” cells, dilatation of the lateral and basal intercellular spaces, increased vacuolization of the apical cytoplasm, and a change in microvillar conformation from the normal clavate type to those with a filiform shape. On the basis of the ultrastructural changes observed it is proposed that the choroid plexus be regarded as a target tissue for vasopressin. These findings indicated that a vasopressinmediated transchoroidal cerebrospinal fluid absorption capability exists.
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  • 13
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 83 (1977), S. 143-145 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: liver ; cholesterol biosynthesis ; age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After intraperitoneal injection of radioactive sodium acetate into rats of two age groups (6–8 and 28–32 months) the dynamics of cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver was observed to be slower in the older animals. The specific liver cholesterol activity of the older rats was lower at the maximum of uptake of the label than in the younger rats. An atherogenic diet for 20 days (0.25 g cholesterol/100 g body weight) led to an increase in the total cholesterol content but to inhibition of its biosynthesis in the liver, and this effect was most marked in the younger rats. Continued administration of cholesterol depressed its biosynthesis still more, especially in the older animals.
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  • 14
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 83 (1977), S. 647-650 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: estrogens ; estradiol-binding proteins ; liver ; sex steroids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The marked sex differences in the ratio between the hormonal capacity of estradiol-binding components with Stokes' radii (a) of 7.0 and 2.5 nm observed in sexually mature animals are somewhat reduced but do not disappear completely after gonadectomy. Prolonged administration of estradiol (50 μg, 8days) to gonadectomized rats leads to depression of the estradiol-binding activity of all components of liver cytosol of females and males. Injection of testosterone propionate (2 mg, 8 days) into gonadectomized animals leads to selective stimulation of a special estrogen-binding protein with a=2.5 nm, normally characteristic of males alone, in both males and females. It is postulated that sex differences in the system of estradiol-binding proteins of the rat liver cytosol are due to sexual differentiation of the system in the early stages of development, on the one hand, and to the active regulatory influence of androgens and estrogens in the late stages of development, on the other hand.
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  • 15
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 84 (1977), S. 925-928 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: magnesium ; reflex ; liver ; receptors ; kidney
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Local stimulation of the liver by MgCl2 solution in unanesthetized dogs caused reflex excretion of magnesium through a change in tubular processes. The presence of receptors selectively sensitive to Mg in the liver is postulated. Information from these receptors was shown to spread among the vagus nerves.
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  • 16
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 84 (1977), S. 1249-1251 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: antithrombins ; reticuloendothelial system ; liver ; spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After destruction or removal of part of the liver in rats the levels of antithrombins II, III, and IV fell proportionally to the extent of the interference. Destruction of the spleen led to depression, but splenectomy led to activation of antithrombin IV. Blockade of the reticuloendothelial system caused a smaller decrease in the antithrombin level than partial hepatectomy. It is suggested that the spleen produces an inhibitor of antithrombin IV.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: liver ; regeneration ; immune system ; splenic colonies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During reparative regeneration in the liver functional activity of the immune system is increased. Resection of the liver is accompanied by sharp changes in the structure of the thymus and spleen. The thymus-dependent parts of the spleen are particularly reactive. Resection of the liver in rats is accompanied by an increase in the number of stem cells in the bone marrow, as determined by the splenic colonies method. The number of colony-forming cells in the spleen of recipients of lymphocytes taken from the hepatectomized animals is significantly greater than in the spleen of recipients of lymphocytes from intact rats. If the limb is screened, ability to form endogenous colonies also is increased in partially hepatectomized rats compared with intact animals. Resection of the liver in rabbits is accompanied by a significant increase in immunological reactivity on the first to third days after the operation. The reactions of leukergia and leukocytolysis are sharply intensified during this period.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: thyroid hormones ; liver ; hormone receptors ; mechanism of action of hormones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of specific iodothyronine-binding proteins of hepatocytes in the nucleo-cytoplasmic relations of thyroid hormones in rats was investigated under normal conditions, after thyroidectomy, and in experimental thyrotoxicosis. The concentration of hormone-binding sites in the cell was shown to depend on the extracellular level of thyroid hormones. The important role of cytosol hormone-binding proteins in the accumulation and intracellular distribution of thyroid hormones is emphasized. Cytosol tri-iodothyronine-binding proteins were shown to play no part in penetration of the hormone into the nucleus. The tri-iodothyronine level in the nuclei was directly dependent on the concentration of receptor proteins in them and the degree of occupancy of the acceptor sites in the receptors themselves.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: carbonic anhydrase activity ; dichloroethane ; liver ; myocardium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histochemical changes in the distribution of carbonic anhydrase activity in the myocardium and liver of rats were studied after acute oral poisoning with dichloroethane. Kurate's method in Hausler's modification was used. For a semiquantitative assessment of the changes in enzyme activity a histophotometric method was used. A definite increase in carbonic anhydrase activity in the myocardium and liver was observed in most of the experimental animals and the index of correlation between these changes remained the same as in the intact rats.
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  • 20
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 83 (1977), S. 146-148 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: glucocorticoids ; α-fetoprotein ; liver ; carbon tetrachloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Experiments on male C57BL mice showed that inhalation of CCl4 for 15 min in a concentration of 0.05 ml/4 liters air causes severe degenerative changes in the liver with features of necrobiosis. However, phenomena of regeneration and cell infiltration arise as early as after 24 h and are accompanied by the secretion of α-fetoprotein into the blood stream. After 4 days the foci of necrobiosis disappear and are totally replaced by lymphocytes with large hepatocytes at the periphery. Processes of regeneration in animals receiving hydrocortisone (20 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) therapeutically or prophylactically were less marked and the number of animals producing α-fetoprotein was reduced from 92 to 60–65%.
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  • 21
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 283 (1977), S. 32-32 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von LSD, Ergot-Alkaloiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 22
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 284 (1977), S. 47-48 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Ergotalkaloiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 23
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 285 (1977), S. 48-48 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw., Best. von Dichlorvos in Biolog. Material ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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  • 24
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 285 (1977), S. 255-255 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Thiazolylbenzothiazolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; isomere
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  • 25
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 50-53 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn, von Seltenen Erden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Verteilungsverfahren ; Tetrahydrofuran, Triphenylphosphinoxid, Paraldehyd, Di-iso-propyläther-Tetrahydrofuran
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Verteilungskonstanten von Selten-Erd-Nitraten im System Tributylphosphat-wäßrige Nitrat-Lösung werden berechnet. Dünnschicht-chromatographisch können mit Tributylphosphat in Isooctan als Laufmittel die Selten-Erd-Nitrate von La bis Gd vom Gd bis Lu getrennt werden. Eine Trennung von 13 Seltenen Erden auf einem Chromatogramm gelingt mit den Laufmitteln a) Tetrahydrofuran/Paraldehyd/Salpetersäure (20∶70∶10), b) dem Laufmittel Triphenylphosphinoxid (0,3 M in Paraldehyd) und konz. Salpetersäure im Verhältnis 90∶10, c) Di-iso-propyläther/Tetrahydrofuran/Salpetersäure (100 ∶ 60 ∶ 10). Der Trennmechanismus wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract The distribution constants of the rare earth nitrates in the system tri-n-butylphosphate/aqueous nitrate solution are calculated. With thin-layer chromatography it is possible to separate the rare earth nitrates from La to Gd and from Gd to Lu in the solvent system tri-n-butylphosphate in i-octane. A separation of 13 rare earths in only one chromatogram is possible in the solvent systems a) tetrahydrofuran/paraldehyde/nitric acid (20∶70∶10), b) tri-phenylphosphinoxide (0.3 M in paraldehyde)/conc. nitric acid in the ratio 90∶10, c) di-iso-propylether/tetrahydrofuran/nitric acid (100∶60∶10). The mechanism of the separation is discussed.
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  • 26
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 285 (1977), S. 111-120 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Steuergerät zur automatischen Registrierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Gerät zur vollautomatischen Steuerung eines DC-Spektralphotometers wurde entwickelt. Zusätzlich zur automatischen Registrierung aller Spuren eines Dünnschicht-Chromatogramms werden Remissionsminima erkannt und ihre Remissionsgrade und Ortskoordinaten ausgedruckt. Eine zweite Betriebsart ermöglicht ein manuelles Abrastern und Ausmessen eines Fleckes an jeder beliebigen Stelle der DC-Platte. Ein Rechneranschluß zur Auswertung der Meßergebnisse ist vorhanden. An Hand von Beispielen wird gezeigt, daß Reproduzierbarkeits- und Konzentrationsfehler bei der automatischen Registrierung strichförmiger Flecke wesentlich kleiner sind als bei Handpositionierung kreisförmiger Flecke. Die Linearität verschiedener Analysenfunktionen wird über 2 Zehnerpotenzen der Strichbelegung untersucht. Dabei erweist sich die Kubelka-Munk-Funktion in bezug auf Linearität allen anderen untersuchten Funktionen überlegen. Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Rechnung zeigt, daß in einem Routinelabor durch Einsatz eines Auftragegerätes und eines Steuergerätes für die automatische Registrierung trotz höherer Investitionskosten die Gesamtkosten einer Analyse um 70% gesenkt werden können.
    Notes: Abstract An instrument has been constructed for the automatic control of a TLC spectrophotometer. In addition to the automatic scanning of all tracks of a thin-layer chromatogram the positions and values of diffuse reflectance minima are recognized and printed. A second mode allows the manual scanning and measurement of a spot at any position on the TLC plate. A digital output is provided for the evaluation of the results with a computer. The errors of reproducibility and of concentration are much smaller using the automatic scanning of bands than using the manual positioning of circular spots as the examples show. The linearity of several analytical functions is analysed within two decades of concentration. The Kubelka-Munk function was found to be superior in linearity to all other functions studied. Calculations of costs show, that the total costs of an analysis in a routine laboratory can be lowered to an extend of about 70% by the use of an application instrument and a controlling instrument for automatic scanning inspite of the higher costs of investments.
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  • 27
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 285 (1977), S. 270-270 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Aryl-p-methoxybenzoylbenzofuranyl-thiosemicarbazonen, Contraceptiva ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 28
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Herbiciden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Dansylierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion von Dansylchlorid mit verschiedenen Herbiciden und Derivaten, die Aminogruppen enthalten oder zu Anilinen hydrolysierbar sind, wird beschrieben. Auf der Dünnschichtplatte lassen sich die fluorescierenden Stoffe gut trennen und identifizieren, was anhand von schematischen Darstellungen der Dünnschicht-Chromatogramme gezeigt wird.
    Notes: Abstract The reaction of dansyl chloride with various herbicides and derivatives containing amino groups or hydrolyzable to anilines is described. On TLC plates the fluorescent substances can be readily separated and identified as shown by diagrammatic representation of the thin-layer chromatograms.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 247-247 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Diolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 248-248 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Ketoester-Kupplungsprodukten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Aryldiazoniumchloride
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 249-249 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Thiosemicarbaziden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; 4-phenyl-substituiert
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 250-250 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von 5,5-Dimethylcyclohexan-2-arylhydrazon-1,2,3-trionen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 255-255 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Kationen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; ÄDTA-imprägn. Platten
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 286 (1977), S. 254-254 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Arylbenzimidazolyl-thiocarbamiden, Antithyroide Mittel ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 287 (1977), S. 264-270 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Benzpyren in Schwebstaub ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Routinemethode
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Verfahren zur dünnschicht-chromatographischen Bestimmung von Benz(a)pyren im Schwebstaub beschrieben, bei dem nach Extraktion mit Cyclohexan im Ultraschallbad die Trennung eindimensional auf Celluloseacetat-Folien nacheinander mit den Laufmitteln 95%ig. Äthanol/Dichlormethan (8∶2) und Pyridin/Methanol/Wasser (3∶5∶2) durchgeführt wird. Die Auswertung erfolgt fluorimetrisch direkt auf der Platte. Das Verfahren, das eine sichere Abtrennung des Benz(a)pyrens von Benz(k)fluoranthen und Anthanthren erlaubt, ist für die Bestimmung von 0,4–20 ng Benz(a)pyren/m3 Luft bei 24stündiger Probenahme mit einem „High Volume Air Sampler“ geeignet. Eine Erweiterung des Arbeitsbereiches nach oben und unten ist möglich. Der Gesamtzeitbedarf für die Analyse von drei Filterproben beträgt rund 5 h, von denen etwa 3 h auf die chromatographische Entwicklung entfallen.
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the thin-layer chromatographic determination of benzo(a)pyrene in suspended particulate matter, including the ultrasonic extraction with cyclohexane and the separation on cellulose acetate thin-layer foils by subsequent development in one direction with 95% ethanol-dichloromethane (8∶2) and pyridine-methanol-water (3∶5∶2). The quantitative evaluation is carried out by fluorimetric scanning of the plate. The method permits a reliable separation of benzo(a)pyrene from benzo(k)fluoranthene and anthanthrene and is suited for the determination of 0.4–20 ng of benzo(a)pyrene/m3 of air, if sampling is done with a High Volume Air Sampler during 24 h. The total time necessary to analyze three filters is about 5 h, wherein the chromatographic development takes 3 h.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 287 (1977), S. 312-313 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Bixanthenen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Mikrobestimmung
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 287 (1977), S. 319-319 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Carbamyldimethylarylazopyrazolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 288 (1977), S. 28-31 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. und Trenn, von Seltenen Erden in Erzen, Monazit, Techn. Produkten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Di-isopropyläther/Tetrahydrofuran/HNO3
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In Monaziten, technischen Produkten und Reinelementen (Verbindungen) wurden die Seltenen Erden dünnschicht-chromatographisch mit dem Laufmittel Di-isopropyläther-Tetrahydrofuran-Salpetersäure (65%) (100∶70∶6) getrennt und nachgewiesen. Mengenverhältnisse von 400∶1 sind zu trennen und eindeutig zu identifizieren. Bei größeren Unterschieden in den Rf-Werten kann das Verhältnis bis zu 1000∶1 betragen. Die absolut nachweisbare Menge auf einem Chromatogramm beträgt 0,05–0,1 μg. Die Größe der Flecken ermöglicht eine halbquantitative Abschätzung der Gehalte. Die Analysendauer beträgt mit Aufschluß 2 h, ohne Aufschluß 70 min.
    Notes: Summary In monazites, technical products and pure elements, rare earth elements were separated and identified by thin-layer chromatography using a 100∶70∶6 mixture of diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and HNO3 (65%) as an eluent. It is possible to separate and characterize them in concentrations of 400∶1 unambiguously. If the Rf-values differ remarkably a ratio of 1000∶1 is acceptable. The amount absolutely detectable on a chromatogram is 0.05–0.1 μg. The area of the spots allows a semiquantitative estimation. The time required for one analyses is without decomposition 70 min and including decomposition 2 h.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 288 (1977), S. 285-285 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Aminothiazolyl-benzothiazolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 288 (1977), S. 288-288 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Seltenen Erden aus Uran ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Cell & tissue research 161 (1975), S. 477-484 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretory cells ; Oncopeltus fasciatus ; Neurosecretion ; Neurophysin ; Aldehyde fuchsin ; Alcian blue
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The dynamics of the “A” cells of the parsintercerebralis of Oncopeltus fasciatus over the first eight days of adult life was studied by microspectrophotometry of sections stained either with aldehyde fuchsin or alcian blue 8 GX. The data show that the two stains differ in their selectivity as they record different events in the history of the cells. A hypothesis is proposed that the aldehyde fuchsin is more sensitive to the presence of a “carrier” protein in the cell, whereas alcian blue 8 GX is more sensitive to the presence of the “active principle” in the cell.
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurohypophysis ; Neurosecretion ; Neurophysin ; Neurohypophysia hormones ; Electron microscopy ; Autoradiography
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    Notes: Summary Electron-microscope autoradiographs have been prepared from the neural lobes of the pituitary glands of rats which had received intracisternal injections of [35S] cysteine at various times before gland removal. The rate of appearance and disappearance of autoradiographically demonstrable radioactivity in the neural lobe closely paralleled that previously determined, biochemically, for radioactive hormones and neurophysins. Radioactivity was appreciably associated with the undilated parts of neurosecretory axons only during the first few hours after injection of the label. The axonal dilations were subdivided into those in which small vesicles could be seen (“endings”) and those in which no small vesicles could be seen (“swellings”). Radioactivity appeared first in “endings” and then in progressively larger and larger profiles of “swellings”. It appeared that newly arrived granules were found close to the limiting membrane of the nerve swelling and that as time progressed they moved deeper and deeper into the swelling. On the basis of the results, suggestions were made for an anatomical explanation of the readily-releasable pool of hormone which has been demonstrated pharmacologically.
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Osmotic stress ; Serum corticoid levels ; Catecholamine depletion ; Anas platyrhynchos (Aves)
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of depleting brain catecholamines with a combined treatment of reserpine and α-methyl-p-tyrosine on serum corticosterone levels and release of immunoreactive neurophysin from the median eminence, in osmotically stressed and unstressed mallard ducks, were studied. Corticoid levels in salt loaded birds were more than three times that of unstressed birds. The combined treatment of reserpine and α-methyl-p-tyrosine significantly decreased the concentration of brain monoamines in all experimental groups and raised serum corticoid levels in non-stressed birds to the same level found in the osmotically stressed animals. Immunoreactive neurophysin in the zona externa of the median eminence was depleted in all birds subjected to either osmotic stress and/or reserpine treatment but not in unstressed control birds. These preliminary data indicate that catecholamines may exert an inhibitory influence on both ACTH release from the anterior pituitary and neurophysin from the median eminence and that these two events may in some way be interrelated in the duck.
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    Cell & tissue research 165 (1975), S. 129-133 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Sinus gland ; Eyestalk ; Ultrastructure ; Uca
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the sinus gland of the fiddler crab, Uca pugnax, was investigated and found to be similar to that in other crustaceans. Five types of neurosecretory axon terminals were tentatively identified on the basis of the size, shape, and electron density of granules within the axons. Release of neuro-secretory material appears to be by exocytosis.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 205-207 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Methylolaminen, Melaminharzen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Celluloseschicht
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Identifizierung der Komponenten in einem Methylolmelamin-Gemisch mittels Dünnschicht-Chromatographie wurde möglich, nachdem die einzelnen Methylolmelamine (Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Penta- und Hexamethylolmelamin) rein dargestellt werden konnten. Aus der zweidimensionalen dünnschichtchromatographischen Entwicklung des Methylolmelamin-Gemisches folgt, daß während der Dauer der Entwicklung keine Änderung der Zusammensetzung des Methylolmelamin-Gemisches stattfindet. Die Chromatographie wurde auf Celluloseschichten mit Butanol/Äthanol/Wasser (4∶1∶2) als Fließmittel und ammoniakalkalischer Silbernitratlösung als Nachweisreagens durchgeführt.
    Notes: Abstract Identification of the components in a methylolmelamine mixture by thin-layer chromatography was facilitated after obtaining each of the individual methylolmelamines (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexamethylolmelamine). By the use of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography it was noted that no change in the composition of the mixture takes place during the time of Chromatographic development. Separation was achieved on cellulose layers using butanol/ethanol/water (4∶1∶2) as solvent and ammonia-alkaline AgNO3 solution as detection reagent.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 105-110 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Auswertung über die Kubelka-Munk-Funktion
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine quantitative Auswertung von Dünnschicht-Chromatogrammen über die Kubelka-Munk-Funktion wird beschrieben. Die mathematische Ableitung erfolgt über zwei Ansätze: Differentialgleichung und hyperbolisch-trigonometrische Funktionen. Es zeigt sich, daß beim Zweiwellenlängen-Densitometer die Bestimmung absoluter Remissionswerte entfällt, und das erhaltene Meßsignal mit geringem Aufwand linearisiert werden kann. Die Auswertung erfolgt über die Peakhöhe, ermittelt durch Zig-Zag-Scantechnik (Shimadzu CS 900). Meß- und Vergleichswellenlänge sollen dicht beieinander liegen, um ähnliche Streukoeffizienten zu erhalten. Vermessen wird Coffein im Bereich von 0,25–20 μg, in dem die Linearisierung noch einwandfrei arbeitet. Der Fehler liegt als relative Standardabweichung bei 1,9% (c=4–20μg,n=15) bzw. 2,7% (c=0,25–2 μg,n=22).
    Notes: Abstract The mathematical derivation is given by two different statements: differential equation and hyperbolic-trigonometric functions. It is shown that measurement of absolute values of remission is inapplicable. The signal is easily to be linearized. The evaluation is given by the maximum peak value obtained by the zig-zag scan technique (Shimadzu CS 900). To get similar scatter values sample and reference wave-length should be tuned as close as possible. Caffeine is measured from 0.25 to 20 μg. In this range the linearizer works unobjectionably and the error as relative standard deviation is in the order of 1.9% (4–20 μg,n=15) and 2.7% (0.25–2 μg,n=22), respectively.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 126-126 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Anorgan. Ionen als Xanthate ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 208-208 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Diphenylpyralin im Urin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; UV-Bestimmung, N-Oxid und Desmethylderivat
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 80 (1975), S. 1311-1312 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: liver ; mitogenetic radiation ; unbalanced molecular constellations
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spectral composition of radiation from the mouse liver was studied in situ after intravenous injection of various doses of glucose. A statistically significant ultraviolet component-mitogenetic radiation-appeared after injection of 15 mg glucose. Only visible radiation was recorded after smaller or larger doses. The results are evidence of the role of unbalanced molecular constellations in the regulation of hepatocyte metabolism.
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 80 (1975), S. 1365-1367 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: liver ; colcemid ; duration of mitosis ; diurnal changes in mitotic indices
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Diurnal changes in the duration of mitosis were studied by the colchicine method in rats aged 45 days. In adult animals the mean diurnal duration of mitosis in the epithelium of the pancreas and liver and in the epidermis was reduced by almost half compared with that at the age of 7 days. Diurnal changes in the mitotic indices for the tissues studied may be due to changes in the rates in which the cells start to divide and also in the duration of mitosis.
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 79 (1975), S. 171-173 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: carcino-embryonic antigens (α-fetoprotein) ; hepatoma ; hormones ; liver
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Injection of syngeneic serum and also of 20% extracts of the large and small intestine, liver, kidneys, and spleen of adult mice into newborn mice leads to inhibition of α-fetoprotein production. The quantity of the factor inhibiting α-fetoprotein production in muscle extracts from adult mice is very small. Mouse embryonic intestinal extract and extract of whole embryos contain hardly any of the inhibitory factor, and its content in the intestine of 21-day mice is smaller than in the intestine of adult animals. The importance of the search for hormone-like factors regulating synthes is of embryonic antigens as a means of monitoring tumor growth is discussed.
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 79 (1975), S. 300-302 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: microcirculation ; liver ; anaphylaxis
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the microcirculation in the liver during anaphylactic shock were studied in experiments on rats and dogs. After injection of the reacting dose of horse serum the systemic blood pressure rose on the average by 20 mm Hg, spasm of the sinusoids and hepatic venules was observed, and the blood flow in them was accelerated. During the subsequent fall of the arterial pressure to 60–40 mm Hg congestion of the blood vessels, slowing of the blood flow, intravascular aggregation of the blood cells, and hemorrhages together with ischemic disturbances were observed in the liver. Restoration of the systemic arterial pressure and microcirculation took place parallel, but the normal microcirculation in the liver was not restored under these circumstances.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 7-9 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Coffein, Phenacetin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Spektralphotometrie ; Kopplung mit Tischrechner
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Beispiel der Bestimmung von Phenacetin und Coffein im pharmazeutisch verwendeten Mengenverhältnis wird die quantitative in situ-Auswertung eines Zweikomponentensystems im on line-Betrieb: Densitometer—Integrator—Tischrechner beschrieben. Die Eichgerade wird für beide Substanzen auf jeder Platte gesondert bestimmt. Durch eine Einschränkung des Konzentrationsbereichs auf obere und untere Toleranzgrenze ergeben sich Vereinfachungen der Ausgleichsrechnungen. Die erzielten Genauigkeiten liegen bei 2 Analysen pro Platte bei 1,51% (Phenacetin) und 2,56% (Coffein) bzw. bei 4 Analysen pro Platte bei 1,50% (Phenacetin) und 2,64% (Coffein) (rel. gen. Standardabweichung, n=18 bzw. n=36).
    Notes: Abstract A TLC method for the determination of phenacetin and caffeine in pharmaceutical preparations using a densitometer in line with an integrator and electronic desk calculator is described. The calibration curves of each compound were prepared where the higher and lower tolerance concentration levels were defined. The accuracy of the method is 1.51% (phenacetin) and 2.56% (caffeine) for two experiments carried out on each plate; 1.50% (phenacetin) and 2.64% (caffeine) for four experiments for each plate (relative standard deviation, n=18 and n=36, respectively).
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 127-128 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Triterpenen in Pflanzen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; densitometrisch, pentacyclische Verb
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 30-30 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Aufklärung von Morphinabbauprodukten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 265-269 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; automatisches Auftragegerät, strich- und kreisförmige Flecke
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein Gerät zur automatischen Auftragung von kreisoder strichförmigen Flecken auf Dünnschicht-Platten entwickelt. 8 oder mehr gleiche Volumina verschiedener Konzentration werden in vorzuwählender Zeit auf die Schicht gebracht. Dadurch erhält man reproduzierbare Flecke, die nach dem Chromatographieren direkt auf der Schicht in Remission oder Transmission gemessen werden. Konzentrationen von Komponenten in Gemischen lassen sich mit einem relativen Fehler von 2–3,5% bestimmen. Der Zeitaufwand beträgt 5–10 min.
    Notes: Abstract An automatic device for the application of spots or bands on TLC plates has been constructed. 8 or more equal volumes of different concentrations are applied to the TLC plate in preselected time. Reproducible spots or bands are obtained, which are measured by remission or transmission directly on the plate after chromatography. Concentrations of components in mixtures can be evaluated with a relative error of 2–3.5%. The time required is 5–10 min.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 257-264 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Katalytische Dehydrierung ; Ultramikrobereich, Apparatur, TAS-Verfahren ; Thermofraktographie/TAS-Verfahren/Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Dehydrierung, Ultramikrobereich ; Analyse von Sesquiterpenderivaten, Terpenoiden, Steroiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; katalyt ; Dehydrierung, TAS-Verfahren
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die direkte Kopplung einer katalytischen Dehydrierung mit der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie wird beschrieben. Die Reaktion erfolgt nach dem Prinzip der Gasphasendehydrierung durch schubweises Einspritzen der Lösung der zu dehydrierenden Verbindung in die z. B. mit Palladium-Bariumsulfat-Katalysator versehene TAS-Patrone. Die Einwaagen liegen im Bereich von 20–100 μg und die Reaktionstemperaturen je nach Verbindung zwischen 200 und 400°C. Die Reaktionsprodukte werden durch die Lösungsmitteldämpfe zur Schicht transferiert. Anschließend wird chromatographiert und die Reaktionsprodukte identifiziert. Als Anwendungsbeispiele werden Sesquiterpenkohlenwasserstoffe und -alkohole, Sesquiterpenoide des Eudesmantyps, Abietinsäure und Steroide dehydriert.
    Notes: Abstract Direct coupling of a catalytic dehydrogenation to TLC is described. The reaction takes place according to the principle of gas phase dehydrogenation by injecting the solution of the compound to be dehydrogenized in batches into the TAS-cartridge, loaded with e.g. palladium-barium sulphate catalyst. Sample size are in the range of 20–100 μg and the reaction temperatures, depending on the compound, is between 200 and 400°C. The reaction products are carried by the solvent vapours to the thin-layer and subsequently chromatographed and identified. In given examples the dehydrogenation is applied to sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and alcohols, sesquiterpenoids of the eudesman type, abietic acid and steroids.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 300-300 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nicotin, Cotinin, Nicotin-N-oxid in Harn ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 381-381 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Wasserstoffperoxid ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Fertigfolien
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 28-28 
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    Keywords: Nachw. von Organ. Verbindungen, stickstoffhaltig ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Chlorierungsreaktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 29-29 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Phenolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 30-30 
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    Keywords: Best. von Sterigmatocystin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Grauskala
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 201-202 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Pesticiden, Carbamaten, Phenylharnstoffen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Schicht aus basischem Zinkcarbonat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Dünnschichten von basischem Zinkcarbonat eignen sich zur Trennung und multiplen Identifizierung von Herbiciden und Insecticiden aus den Wirkstoffgruppen der Carbamate und Phenylharnstoffderivate. Fünf Wirkstoffe, die für die Praxis große Bedeutung haben, konnten mit Hilfe der eindimensionalen Dünnschicht-Chromatographie getrennt werden. Die beste Trennung erhielten wir mit folgenden Laufmitteln: a) Benzol, b) einer Mischung aus Benzol/Petroläther/Chloroform (6∶1∶1). Die Substanzen sind entweder im kurzwelligen UV-Licht bei Indicatorzusatz, oder nach dem Sprühen mit einer 0,1 N AgNO3-Lösung in 3 N HNO3 und anschließender UV(254)-Bestrahlung zu erkennen.
    Notes: Abstract Thin layers of basic zinc carbonate can be used with good results for separation and multiple identification of carbamate and phenylurea pesticides. Five important substances could be separated by one-dimension TLC. The best results were obtained by the following developing solvents: a) benzene, b) a mixture of benzene/petroleum ether/chloroform (6∶1∶1). The substances are either recognisable in short-wave UV-light, when a fluorescence indicator (F 254 nm) is added, or in day-light, after spraying a solution of 0.1 N AgNO3 in 3 N HNO3, followed by an UV-exposure for about 4 min.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 206-206 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Blei, Cadmium, Quecksilber, Zink ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 301-302 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Pesticiden, Carbamaten, Phenylharnstoffen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Schichten aus verschiedenen Polyamid-Chargen
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 382-382 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Aminen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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