ALBERT

Notes: The decay rate of gamma radiation emitted by a Jamaican mineral spring was measured using portable rate meters. The results of these experiments, supported by auxiliary tests, suggested that the main radioelement causing the radioactivity was radon 222. Fluctuations in the intensity of the radiation were studied in situ. An inverse relation between the intensity and the discharge rate of water was established and the effect of rainfall and of earthquakes was investigated. Some suggestions are made concerning the possible source of radon.

Notes: The iron ores of the Siegerland-district are found in lodes occurring in schists of Lower Devonian age. In the course of the geophysical exploration for these ores, an attempt was also made to clarify the structure and the tectonics of the substratum of the sedimentary rock formations by seismic reflection measurements from the surface. Reflections were recorded in great numbers from layers of Silurian and Devonian age. The form of the folding of the strata derived therefrom corresponds well with that deduced from geological investigations. Beyond that, correlatable reflections were recorded from horizons down to a depth of nearly 25 000 m. It turned out that the iron ore lodes known from the mine workings occur almost vertically above those places where greater dislocations appear in the deepest substratum, and which geologically could be interpreted as fracture zones. The results so far obtained seem to be indicative of the fact that the tectonics of the deepest substratum and the occurrence of ore deposits are related to each other.

Notes: Precision calibration tests carried out with a Worden gravimeter in environment conditions as varied as possible have led to the following conclusions. The secular variation curve of the calibration shows that the secular relative variation has been very appreciable in the first year of life of the instrument, precisely of 1.3 × 10−3 in 13 months, while it has been practically zero in the second year. This must be ascribed to the fact that at the beginning of the operations the gravity-meter had just arrived from the factory with its measuring body renewed.On the other side the effect of 24°C of temperature difference between two series of determinations reveals itself in a variation of 0.0022 of the value of the calibration, so that it can be established that the variation of the calibration is I‰ for each 10°C of temperature variation.

Notes: Due weight must be given to three factors (1) its purpose, (2) the limitations imposed by nature, industry and environment, (3) the effect of errors in auxiliary measurements. Together the last two factors give an estimate of the accuracy which can be achieved. If this is sufficient for the instrument to fulfil its purpose design and construction can proceed. If it is not, a detailed survey of the last two factors is necessary in order to estimate the research effort that will be required when directed into the most effective channels. If the project is considered worth the effort it can proceed. These factors are discussed in relation to a borehole gravimeter. It is shown that the purpose will be served only if the accuracy is comparable with the best surface gravimeters. Borehole versions of some surface instruments are considered and it is concluded that none is suitable without considerable modifications. A successful borehole gravimeter is likely to be a completely new instrument.

Notes: Recently, quite good determinations of interfaces have been made by means of seismic well surveys. These were carried out for various oil companies in Northwest Germany, especially on salt-domes, and in Southern Germany, and in the area of the Upper Rhine Valley. It was the purpose to determine the configuration and position of salt-flanks and important planes of stratification in the neighbourhood of deep wells, and thus to reduce the risk of expensive wells.For the delineation of the boundary surfaces the method described by Gardner in “Geophysics 1949” was applied.The problems arising and the results obtained are discussed in connection with some interesting examples. From them we see, above all, that a knowledge as precise as possible of the seismic velocities of all media involved in the measurement is very important. A good idea of the general stratification in the area of deep wells seismically surveyed will make possible a rational and adequate planning of the survey program and will facilitate the interpretation.

Notes: A method is described in which the major part of gravimetric terrain corrections may be estimated by digital computing methods.

Notes: The electric and magnetic field of a direct-current element, embedded in a space consisting of two halfspaces differing in conductivity and permeability, is given in a form suitable for integration along a cable. From these formulae is obtained the field when one end of a D.C. cable is grounded in a highly conducting, pencilformed ore body, considered as a line electrode with uniform current leakage. Numerical examples are given for a horizontal line electrode. The formulae should be useful as a first approximation to the A.C. case. The validity of this is shortly discussed.

Notes: An analogy is established between the propagation of an electromagnetic field in a horizontally stratified conductive medium and that of currents in a linear electric network. This analogy will allow us to know in which case measurements executed at the surface of the ground can provide information about the properties of deeper layers. The situation is the same as when one tries, by means of impedance measurements at the input terminals, to know the properties of electric lines or lumped networks.A symmetrical linear network establishes between:Voltages V1 and V2 (respectively at input and output terminals)Currents I1 and I2 (respectively at input and output terminals), the relationship 〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu1" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00168025:GPR77:GPR_77_mu1"/〉 is called the “phase constant” and Z the characteristic impedance The table 〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu2" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00168025:GPR77:GPR_77_mu2"/〉 is called “characteristic matrix”If one then takes the horizontal components of an electromagnetic field, one can compare the voltage V with the horizontal electric field E (in volts m-1) and the current I with the horizontal magnetic field H (in Amp m−1)For plane waves in vacuum, one gets (Schelkunoff) Z=C (velocity of light)A layer whose thickness is D has a phase constant⌈= 2 πD/λ (λ= wavelength)For plane waves in a conductive, non magnetic medium whose conductivity is δ, one gets 〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu3" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00168025:GPR77:GPR_77_mu3"/〉 For the system of waves created by a point-source one expresses the solution, since it is classical, as a sum or integral of different modes. For each of these modes, one can still write a bilinear relationship similar to (1), and calculate Z and ⌈.A generalization of this result is given.Boundary conditions that exist at the surfaces of separation are met by writing the continuity of E and H. This condition exactly corresponds to the fact that there one V and one I at the junctions of various sections of lines, or networks.The characteristic matrix of a cascade of networks-or here that of a horizontally stratified ground– is the product of the matrixes of each network. If, in addition, one knows the end impedance–here the conductivity λn of the last layer, supposed to be infinite–one can compute the input impedance Re of the whole system. In electromagnetic prospecting, it is Re that conditions the observable field.Inversely, if measurements were infinitely accurate, the. knowledge of the surface field would give all the thicknesses D and conductivities δ of intermediate layers, in the same way that impedance measurements at the input terminals of a cable would allow to locate any failure. The imperfection of measurements causes the elements located too far away (from the point of view of wave attenuation) to escape detection.

Notes: The iron ores of the Siegerland district are found in lodes occurring in schists of Lower Devonian age. These lodes, normally dipping almost perpendicularly, could be traced only by seismic reflection measurements underground, up to distances of approximately 500 m. The geophones were attached to the walls of the galleries. The frequencies of the recorded longitudinal and transverse waves ranged from 200 to 500 c.p.s. By this method a new siderite lode was discovered.

Notes: Book Reviewed in this article:Lehrbuch der angewandten Geophysik, Teil II, H. Haalck.

Notes: A series of repeat observations during a period of 5 years reveal a variation with time of the Worden gravimeter No. 142 small dial spring system. A possible change in the gravity difference concerned is ruled out. It is shown that the small dial scale factor has diminished by about 0.25 % within the last two years against about 0.5 % four to five years ago. The ratio of L.D. to S.D. has been analysed and the results obtained show confirmation of the change in the small dial system and prove a consistency in the large dial system.

Notes: A study is made of the possibility of calculating electric potentials, and therefore of interpreting apparent resistivity measurements, when the ground presents structural conditions more complicated than plane, parallel stratification.For this work a schematic type of structure has been chosen, in which the discontinuity planes for electric resistivity are both parallel and perpendicular to the level of the ground.The problem has been examinated in its general aspect, and then some criteria for the numerical calculation have been indicated.Some calculated examples are presented, relevant to vertical electric soundings accomplished by conventional technique, for particular types of structure.

Notes: The elastic impulse-from an explosion is propagated through the earth as an expanding shell bounded by the wavefront. This wavefront and its motion are a physical reality while rays or trajectories are much less sharply defined and cannot actually be observed because the wavelengths involved in seismic processes are too long. This means that the visualization and the interpretation of seismic processes can be carried out in a more satisfactory, simple and comprehensible way with wavefronts than with rays.H. R. Thornburgh (1930) introduced the very lucid and simple method of interpreting seismic refraction sections, using Huygen's principle to construct wavefronts from two symmetrical shotpoints by working back from their observed arrival times at the surface. The depths are found first with only a knowledge of the velocities down to the refractor and after that the velocities in the refractor can be determined.The pattern of the two wavefronts at equal time intervals, obtained when carrying out Thornburgh's construction, leads to the very simple, approximative “Plus-Minus” method. The additions of the travel times from two symmetrical shotpoints to-each geophone give the relative depths and their subtractions give the velocities of the refractor. The method extrapolates exact quantities from the refractor boundary up to the surface by the “Plus”- and “Minus” lines. This extrapolation introduces errors that can, more or less, be corrected for. A number of hypothetical cases are presented to give an insight into the applicability and reliability of the “Plus-Minus” method. Its main applications are for fairly shallow refraction investigations and for determining weathering corrections for refraction and reflection work.

Notes: Major savings for operators of seismic parties have been achieved by the use of prilled ammonium nitrate as a substitute for gelatin dynamite in areas where shot holes are dry. Pound for pound, the prills appear to have the same energy yield as 60% gelatin dynamite, and some improvement of records has been noted where prills are used. Safety problems are less with ammonium nitrate than with dynamite, and the development of efficient field handling techniques prevents the loss of production.

Notes: Some mathematical inequalities are proved and their relevance to the interpretation of local magnetic and gravity anomalies is discussed. They can be applied to the readings of either a vertical magnetometer or a total field magnetometer or a gravimeter and yield a maximum possible value for the depth below the earth's surface of the top surface of the body producing the anomaly.

Notes: A new logging method, which makes use of specific chemical reactions to locate petroleum or other minerals has been developed. The method has been named “Differential Electric Log” (CED).In this paper the application to the CED method of redox (reduction/oxidation) reactions is discussed. A series of organic oxidants was found, capable of undergoing reaction with crude oil, sulphur, mineral sulphides, lignite. A small amount of an oxidant of this type is added to the drilling fluid and pumped into the borehole where reaction takes place in correspondence with layers containing oxidizable minerals. Two SP logs, recorded before and after the oxidation, are compared and the presence of such minerals is thus detected.A theoretical hypothesis explaining the mechanism of the potential change due to the chemical reaction is proposed both in the case of electronically conducting and non conducting minerals. The influence of redox potential on SP is discussed.The results of laboratory experiments on several different oxidizable ores and those of field tests performed on pyrite, lignite, and oil wells are reported on and discussed on the basis of the theoretical hypothesis proposed.

Notes: Anisotropy measurements were carried out in two wells 300 km apart in the Northern Sahara, in order to improve the interpretation of seismic refraction surveys.These measurements were based on; the shortening of experimental oblique travel-times with respect to theoretical, travel-times computed by disregarding anisotropy. A perfect knowledge of the velocity distribution is required in order to eliminate all influence of refraction; therefore a continuous velocity log is indispensable.The results in the two wells are in agreement, and show that anisotropy is essentially a function of lithology. The following values were obtained: 〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu1" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00168025:GPR202:GPR_202_mu1"/〉 Consequences pertaining to seismic refraction are as follows:— Depths computed without anisotropy are too small by 8 % to 9 %, i.e. about 300 meters.— The error on offsets reaches 70 %.— Depth computations carried out by assigning anisotropy factors at the sight of lithology gave very satisfactory results.— High velocity, highly anisotropic formations such as anhydrite play a very important part in the propagation of refracted waves and in interpretation.Consequences pertaining to seismic reflection are as follows:— Velocity profiles yield velocities closer to horizontal velocities than to vertical velocities.— Depth and migration computations are significantly influenced by high velocity, highly anisotropic formations such as anhydrite.

Notes: Book Reviewed in this article:Handbuch der Physik. Herausgegeben von S. Flügge.Der geologische Bau des Untergrundes von Schleswig-Holstein und seine Erdöllager-stätten.

Notes: Conventional or continuous velocity logging generally fail to solve the problem of velocities in the whole area of a seismic survey. Surface measurements often bring a large amount of additional information: effect of shallow layers, change of facies, correlations. The authors present a theoretical view on the physical meaning of interval velocities. After a short synthesis of the diverse formulae formerly proposed (Faust, West), the practical manner of using these formulae and the accurate interpretation obtained with the help of geological and geophysical data are shown. Several characteristical examples are finally explained and commented on.

Notes: A uniform field of the normal geomagnetic vertical intensity and its normal dependence on the first and second powers of latitude and longitude are derived for Europe and represented by sketches. The epochs of 1938.5, 1941.5, 1944.5, 1947.5, 1950.5, 1953.5, and 1956.5 have been chosen.It is suggested that anomalies of the vertical intensity should be given according to this field in order to obtain, in course of time, a coherent image of the magnetic effects of the European continent.

Notes: Solutions for the propagation of elastic waves at the surface of a cylindrical hole of infinite length are derived from the wave equation for a perfectly elastic and isotropic medium. It is found that the phase and group velocities depend on the ratio between the wave length and the circumference of the cylindrical hole. These surface waves can be classified into different orders. They differ in the calculated dispersion curves, in the range of possible wave lengths (cut-off-frequencies), and in the amplitude proportion of the components of the displacement vector. For very short wave lengths these waves converge to normal Rayleigh waves.These results are used to explain some of the multiple onsets and disturbances on seismograms, obtained in practical seismic investigations in the mines of Siegerland.The conformity of theoretical and practical results is limited, because the idealised suppositions on which the computation is based, such as perfect elasticity, homogeneous and isotropic medium, and circular cross section of the mine gallery are met only approximately in practice.

Notes: Gravity anomalies due to given mass distributions have been determined by model optical experiments, which utilise the fact that both the light intensity and the gravitational field due to point sources obey the Inverse Square law. The technique is somewhat different from that used by Gerrard et al (1957), and the results seem to be more accurate (maximum discrepancy 2 percent). The applicability of the anology for the determination of magnetostatic fields is also pointed out.

Notes: Book Reviewed in this article: The Earth and its Gravity Field, W. A. Heiskanen and F. A. Vening Meinesz.KRAUS, HUNT and RAMSDELL, Mineralogy.

Notes: The present paper deals with various causes giving rise to potential differences caused by induced polarization. In order to obtain the induced polarization effect of ore bodies it is necessary to determine the effect of the barren rock and substract it from the total observed effect.Results of field measurements carried out by this method in the mercury mine of Idrija, as well as those in the lead-zinc mine of Mežica and the Kankberg ore district are in good agreement with the geological data. A theoretically calculated profile is compared with an actual field profile.

Notes: A 3-component flux gate magnetometer has been built for use in 1½ inch drill-holes. It has an accuracy of 1 mgs. It requires 2–3 men to operate it and they can take measurements in up to 3 100 metre holes in one day. The instrument has definitely proved its worth in describing the‘general’ geology of an ore-body, and it is now used on a routine basis.

Notes: To obtain inferences useful in predicting the overburden velocities, a statistical study of velocity data was undertaken on 46 well velocity surveys confined mainly to Eastern England. Five formations were particularly studied: Keuper, Bunter, Permian, Coal Measures and Millstone Grit. Their interval velocities plotted against the mean depth of the interval below the surface supplied five equations of the form V=k. H1/n, which cover the range of depth explored down to 7000 ft. Comparison of these results shows that the interval velocities increase with depth and in the Keuper and Permian attain a maximum value nearly twice that in the remaining three formations. The interval velocities of these formations are confined within a relatively narrow band of 9000–12000 ft/sec. and the formations cannot be distinguished satisfactorily by their interval velocities alone. More practical results were obtained considering the relation between the vertical time and depth to the top of the Permian, Coal Measures, Millstone Grit and Carboniferous Limestone. For each of these a linear relation T=k. H+ To, was obtained from which the vertical time T can be predicted from the known depth with a probable error of ± 4 millisecs.

Notes: Using a resonance method, determinations have been made of the longitudinal bar velocity and of Poisson's ratio of thirteen different chemically pure limestones. The relation between the velocity and the density showed far less scatter than in the determinations previously published; this is primarily attributed to the high purity of the specimens used. The measurements further showed a tendency of the values of Poisson's ratio to increase with increasing density.

Notes: In nine small areas in the Black Forest measurements were made of the CO2 content of ground air, using a method which is based on the difference in heat conductivity between CO2 on one side and N2 and O2 on the other. Measurements during four days yielded four strong CO2 anomalies. At one of these a well was sunk, which gave a considerable discharge of mineral water.

Notes: [Auszug] The test paper was originally described for detection of serum spots in forensic medicine3. The paper, which is impregnated with alpha-naphthyl phosphoric acid and diazo-o-dianisidin, is easily prepared and stable on storage. After completion of the electrophoresis a strip of filter-paper is ...

Notes: [Auszug] Rat liver was homogenized according to the method of Crane and Sols7. The homogenate was centrifuged for 30 min. at 12,000 r.p.m., and the clear pink supernatant was used, without further treatment, as the source of enzyme. All the above operations were carried out at 2 C., and the supernatant was ...

Notes: [Auszug] Rat kidney homogenate prepared in 0 l M potassium chloride containing 0-039 M borate buffer pTL 7, produced both ammonia and inorganic phosphate when incubated with muscle adenylic acid. When the homogenate was fractionated by differential centrifugation, the phosphatase activity was localized ...

Notes: [Auszug] Crossbred ewe and wether lambs, 5-8 months old and weighing between 40 and 124 lb., were used. They were kept on pasture and each, with the exception of the black sheep, had been infected experimentally with 200 metacercarise of Fasciola heptica obtained from a laboratory colony of infected Limncea ...

Notes: [Auszug] A RECENT article on the above subject1 showed that the mechanical properties of Armco iron were slightly lower after a previous amount of dynamic prestrain than after the same amount of static deformation. This finding confirmed the results of Campbell and Duby2 but was contrary to those of Harris ...

Notes: [Auszug] YAGI, Nagatsu and Ozawa1 reported recently that chlorpromazine (N- [3 '-dimethylaminopropy ] ] -3-chlorophenothiazine) is an inhibitor of d-amino-acid oxidase. They stated that substantial inhibition was achieved with 2 x 10~5 M chlorpromazine in a system consisting of a hog kidney d-amino-acid ...

Notes: [Auszug] ACRIDINE orange has been shown1 to form aggregates or 'stacks' when bound to polyanions. The strength of the dye-dye interaction depends upon the polyion used, and is, in general, greater with flexible than with rigid polymers. Since deoxy-ribonucleic acid undergoes a transition from a rigid, ...

Notes: [Auszug] THE adenosine triphosphate-adenosine diphos-jL phate system appears to be a universal component of living cells, and is required for activation and utilization of most metabolites. A reliable estimate of the free-energy change for hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate is therefore needed for ...

Notes: [Auszug] THE composite nature of the gene, both as regards JL structure and function, has been admirably demonstrated by Benzer's1 work on the r-II locus of the T4 bacteriophage. That complex genes are of widespread (if not universal) occurrence has also been demonstrated by the discovery of pseudoallelic ...

Notes: [Auszug] (Meeting marked with an asterisk * is open to the public) Tuesday, December 29 RADAR AND ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION (at the Royal Society of Arts, John Adam Street, Adelphi, London, W.C.2), at 7.30 p.m. Dr. K. R. Sturley : "High Quality Sound Broadcasting".* Wednesday, December 30 ROYAL SOCIETY OF ...

Notes: [Auszug] (not included in the monthly Books Supplement) Great Britain and Ireland Pharmaceutical Legislation in Great Britain. By Allan Duckworth. (Paper presented at the International Congress on the Problems of European Pharmaceutical Legislation, held under the auspices of the Italian Society of ...

Notes: [Auszug] APPLICATIONS are invited for the following appointments on or before the dates mentioned : LECTURER (preferably with an interest in the theory of machines, mechanical servomechanisms or the strength of materials) IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING The Secretary, The Queen's University, Belfast (January ...

Notes: [Auszug] A variety of experimental evidence has now been obtained that indicates that the density, and possibly the nature, of the crystal defects in the irradiated material influence the retention, as well as the kinetic parameters of the subsequent thermal annealing of the recoil damage. The ...

Notes: [Auszug] We have observed the recombination of recoil fragments by ultra-violet light in ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate, and have made a comparison of this with high-energy electron annealing. The ammonium dihydrogen phosphate crystals were irradiated with thermal neutrons in Bepo at Harwell for 6 hr. at ...

Notes: [Auszug] THE volume under review supplements the data JL given in the third edition (1948-54) of Volume 2, and includes all the important publications which have appeared prior to January 1956. In dealing with such a vast compilation, now five volumes, the authors cannot from their personal experience ...

Notes: [Auszug] A study of Striga in Nigeria has revealed that in certain areas considerable numbers of the fruits produced by the plant are infected with the larvae of Smicronyx sp. (ColeopteraiCurculionidse). The eggs of Smicronyx are probably laid in the developing fruit or ovary. The larvae lives within the ...

Notes: [Auszug] It is an experimental fact that a dose d of radiations will induce leukaemia in a proportion P of susceptible individuals. Clearly, among individuals exposed to the same dose, some respond whereas others do not. Consequently individual susceptibility is postulated. Different theoretical models may ...

Notes: [Auszug] IN his presidential address to the British Association in Dublin in 1957, Prof. P. M. S. Blackett directed attention to the steadily widening gap between the Western countries and those of Asia and Africa, and advocated a loan of £1,000 million a year, in addition to commercial and short-term ...

Notes: [Auszug] Green and yellow fruits of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L., var. Montmorency) and two varieties of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), the Windsor and Yellow Glass, were found to have leuco-anthocyanins in both the peels and flesh by a method4 of detection involving heating the plant tissues in 2 N ...

Notes: [Auszug] IN the light of the Government's recent decision to consent to the construction of a large nuclear power station on Dungen ess, the Nature Conservancy states that the direct and indirect repercussions of the power station on the remaining area show conclusively that the future scientific interest ...

Notes: [Auszug] To mark the hundredth anniversary of the publication of Darwin's "Origin of "Species", a commemorative oration was delivered by Prof. C. F. A. Pantin at Christ's College, Cambridge, on September 29 ("Young Darwin and the 'Origin of Species'." By Dr. C. F. A. Pantin. Pp. 17. Cambridge : Christ's ...

Notes: [Auszug] LIVERPOOL Public Museums have recently placed on exhibition a series of working models of steam reciprocating marine engines. They cover the period 1837-1937 and start with the side-lever paddle engine of 1837. Then comes a set of oscillating cylinder paddle engines of the 1840's. Also in the ...

Notes: [Auszug] THE United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority has signed a contract with the Hawker Siddeley Nuclear Power Co. for the purchase of a reactor to be installed at the Atomic Energy Establishment, Winfrith, Dorset, to be in operation by December 1960. Contracts for shielding, and other equipment ...

Notes: [Auszug] MR. BRYAN HARRIS, a graduate in metallurgy from the University of Birmingham, has been appointed to a Tube Investments Research Fellowship for work in the physics and chemistry of solids, at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge. MR. G. G. GOURIET is to give the Christmas Holiday Lecture of the ...

Notes: [Auszug] THE University of Liverpool has had a Mathe-X matical Laboratory for more than twenty-five years?it was established by Prof. L. Rosenhead in 1934 shortly after he became head of the Department of Applied Mathematics. The primary object of the Laboratory was always to train students in the honours ...

Notes: [Auszug] A MEETING, under the joint auspices of the Faraday Society (Colloid and Biophysics Committee) and the British Society of Rheology, was held during September 23 and 24 in the School of Physiology of the University of Oxford. On the first day, the flow properties of various biological systems were ...

Notes: [Auszug] WITH the encouragement of the Government of Tanganyika, a second party from the University of Oxford visited the Mahali Mountains on the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika during July to October to continue the work started by last year's expedition (see Nature, 183, 726 ; March 14, 1959). The ...

Notes: [Auszug] THERE has been, in recent years, a revival of JL interest in 'old-fashioned' comparative morphology as a tool in problems of taxonomy and phylogeny of Angiosperms1. Among the many groups in which conventional study of the morphology of the flower is still required is the large and important genus ...

Notes: [Auszug] ASSISTANT LECTOR or LECTURER IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY ?The Registrar, The University, Liverpool (December 19) SHEPHERD RESEARCH FELLOW IN THE DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY for work on immunological problems of ocular disease? The Director Department of Pathology, Institute of Ophthalmology ...

Notes: [Auszug] THIS examination of the diurnal variation of geomagnetic activity at Halley Bay, lat. 75 31' S., long. 26 37' W., was based on Q -indices which occurred during the five most disturbed days in each month. A year was formed from the twenty months observations and then divided into four seasons. ...

Notes: [Auszug] (Meetings marked urith an asterisk * are open to the public) Monday, December 14 INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS (at Savoy Place, London, P P Eckersle p'm-~~I)lscusslon on "Why Hi-Fi ?", opened by Mr. SOCIETY OP CHEMICAL INDUSTRY, PESTICIDES GROUP (at 14 Belgrave Square London, S.W.I), ...

Notes: [Auszug] During a time equal to the period of oscillation of the cluster through the galactic plane, ^-^lO8 years, the stars in a globular cluster will shed mass of the order of IQ3M. This estimate follows from the above value for the mean mass of white dwarfs and is based on the luminosity function for M ...

Notes: [Auszug] We wish to report here on an examination of the isotopic composition of oxygen in samples of recent snow, collected in known meteorological conditions on the coast of Antarctica. The ratio oxygen-18/oxygen-16 has been measured in samples of snow collected during the International Geophysical Year ...

Notes: [Auszug] The use of such more conventional energy units as kcal./mol., eV., or cm.-1, for example, avoids some of the confusion concerning multiplicity of unit, but has other decided disadvantages. These units are not the primary result of the calculation and the conversion factors depend on the currently ...

Notes: [Auszug] The importance of the amino-acid residues proline and hydroxyproline (the pyrrolidine residues) in the configuration and optical rotatory power of proteins has been discussed by Szent-Gyrgyi and Cohn5. The relationship between optical rotatory power and the content of pyrrolidine residues has been ...

Notes: [Auszug] The presence of free palmitic acid and of palmitone (IV)6 in the lipids of G. diphtherice as well as previous work on the mycolic acids of Mycobacterise7 suggested that corynomycolic acid (III, R = H) is formed in vivo by the condensation of two molecules of palmitic acid (probably as ...

Notes: [Auszug] This method is, of course, possible only when the complex being studied is stable enough to survive the first gel filtration, but capable of being easily split under other conditions. Such prerequisites may appear strongly to limit the applicability of the procedure. However, this is not ...

Notes: [Auszug] The procedure is as follows: After conclusion of the electrophoretic experiment, the strips are air-dried and heated at 120 C. for 30 min. They are then dyed for 45 min. in a 0*1 per cent solution of bromophenol blue in 96 per cent ethanol to which 2 per cent glatial acetic acid has been added. ...

Notes: [Auszug] HeLa cells, a continuous amniotic cell line (CAL) and primary amnion cell cultures were used. Briefly, the technique was as follows: HeLa and GAL cells were cultivated in Roux bottles containing 30 per cent active human serum in Hanks solution; cell inocula were prepared by trypsinization and were ...

Notes: [Auszug] The square root law for areal variation is observed rigorously when the stimulation time t〈 to and the diameter of the stimulus area d 〉 do; the corresponding temporal law applies when d 〈 do and t 〉 to. do and to are experimental constants; to is 0*1 sec. between eccentricities of 11 and 19 ...

Notes: [Auszug] Mycelium was grown in a liqiud medium ('Bacto' nutrient broth, glycerol, pS. 7) on a rotary shaker at 30 C. The endogenous respiration of S. coelicolor 9 S. fradiae, S. lavendulae, S. griseus and S. rimosus pellets was inhibited between 40 and 70 per cent by IQ-*M hydrogen cyanide. In order to ...

Notes: [Auszug] These analyses confirmed those carried out previously by Mittler3, Wanner5, Ziegler6 and Zimmer-mann7. Apart from sucrose the only other carbohydrates present were raffinose and stachyose. The former was found in quantities up to 15 per cent of the total carbohydrate present, the latter as a trace ...

Notes: [Auszug] These assumptions have now been subjected to closer investigation. Since lucerne plants usually gave a larger response to the various treatments than did clover plants, most experiments were conducted with lucerne. Clover plants gave, however, entirely analogous results. The bacteria were grown in ...

Notes: [Auszug] What really permits of superior sections is the application of a special kind of adhesive tape to the block before each section is cut. By so doing the section with all the tissues in place is firmly held to the adhesive tape, shows no compression, therefore requires no further spreading. The ...

Notes: [Auszug] A plant from the small natural population of hexaploid nigrum, growing in the Botanical Gardens of the University of Allahabad, revealed more often 6iv H- 811 (n = 20) as shown in Fig. 1, one bivalent remaining attached to the nucleolus. In one or two .cases an octovalent was also observed. Such a ...