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  • Artikel  (145)
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  • 1
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    Lipoprotein mutations in pigs are associated with elevated plasma cholesterol and atherosclerosis (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-19
    Beschreibung: A strain of pigs bearing three immunogenetically defined lipoprotein-associated markers (allotypes), designated Lpb5, Lpr1, and Lpu1, has marked hypercholesterolemia on a low fat, cholesterol-free diet. Unlike individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia or WHHL rabbits, the affected pigs have normal low density lipoprotein receptor activity. The animals, by 7 months of age, have extensive atherosclerotic lesions in all three coronary arteries. This strain of pig represents an animal model for atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia associated with mutations affecting the structures of plasma lipoproteins. One of the variant apolipoproteins, Lpb5, is apolipoprotein-B. A second variant apolipoprotein (Lpr1), termed apo-R, is a 23-kilodalton protein present in both the very low density (d less than 1.006 g/ml) and the very high density (d greater than 1.21 g/ml) fractions of pig plasma. Isoforms of this protein correlate with two Lpr alleles, Lpr1 and Lpr2. The Lpr genes segregate independently of the Lpb5 and Lpu1 alleles. The Lpu1 allotype is a component of low density lipoprotein and is genetically linked to Lpb5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rapacz, J -- Hasler-Rapacz, J -- Taylor, K M -- Checovich, W J -- Attie, A D -- AG05-856/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HL30594/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1573-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3787263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Apolipoproteins B/genetics ; Arteriosclerosis/blood/*genetics ; Cholesterol/blood ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Genotype ; Hypercholesterolemia/blood/*genetics ; Immunologic Tests ; Lipoproteins/blood/*genetics ; Lipoproteins, LDL/blood/genetics ; Lipoproteins, VLDL/blood/genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Receptors, LDL/metabolism ; Swine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Research toward malaria vaccines (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-12
    Beschreibung: Malaria exacts a toll of disease to people in the Tropics that seems incomprehensible to those only familiar with medicine and human health in the developed world. The methods of molecular biology, immunology, and cell biology are now being used to develop an antimalarial vaccine. The Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria have many stages in their life cycle. Each stage is antigenically distinct and potentially could be interrupted by different vaccines. However, achieving complete protection by vaccination may require a better understanding of the complexities of B- and T-cell priming in natural infections and the development of an appropriate adjuvant for use in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, L H -- Howard, R J -- Carter, R -- Good, M F -- Nussenzweig, V -- Nussenzweig, R S -- P01-AI17429/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1349-56.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antigens, Protozoan/analysis ; Arthropod Vectors ; Epitopes/analysis ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Humans ; *Immunotherapy ; Malaria/immunology/*prevention & control/transmission ; Molecular Weight ; Mosquito Control ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology ; *Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Human multidrug-resistant cell lines: increased mdr1 expression can precede gene amplification (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-02
    Beschreibung: The development of simultaneous resistance to multiple structurally unrelated drugs is a major impediment to cancer chemotherapy. Multidrug resistance in human KB carcinoma cells selected in colchicine, vinblastine, or Adriamycin is associated with amplification of specific DNA sequences (the multidrug resistance locus, mdr1). During colchicine selection resistance is initially accompanied by elevated expression of a 4.5-kilobase mdr1 messenger RNA (mRNA) without amplification of the corresponding genomic sequences. During selection for increased levels of resistance, expression of this mRNA is increased simultaneously with amplification of mdr1 DNA. Increased expression and amplification of mdr1 sequences were also found in multidrug-resistant sublines of human leukemia and ovarian carcinoma cells. These results suggest that increased expression of mdr1 mRNA is a common mechanism for multidrug resistance in human cells. Activation of the mdr1 gene by mutations or epigenetic changes may precede its amplification during the development of resistance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shen, D W -- Fojo, A -- Chin, J E -- Roninson, I B -- Richert, N -- Pastan, I -- Gottesman, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):643-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3457471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Colchicine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Doxorubicin/pharmacology ; *Drug Resistance ; Female ; *Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Vinblastine/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Cell surface molecule associated with lymphocyte homing is a ubiquitinated branched-chain glycoprotein (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-21
    Beschreibung: Partial amino acid sequence analysis of a purified lymphocyte homing receptor demonstrates the presence of two amino termini, one of which corresponds precisely to the amino terminus of ubiquitin. This observation extends the province of this conserved polypeptide to the cell surface and leads to a proposed model of the receptor complex as a core polypeptide modified by glycosylation and ubiquitination. Independent antibodies to ubiquitin serve to identify additional cell surface species, an indication that ubiquitination of cell surface proteins may be more general. It is proposed that functional binding of lymphocytes to lymph node high endothelial venules might involve the ubiquitinated region of the receptor; if true, cell surface ubiquitin could play a more general role in cell-cell interaction and adhesion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siegelman, M -- Bond, M W -- Gallatin, W M -- St John, T -- Smith, H T -- Fried, V A -- Weissman, I L -- AI 19512/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 09151/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 31461/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 21;231(4740):823-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cell Movement ; Endothelium/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/metabolism/*physiology ; Glycoside Hydrolases/metabolism ; High Mobility Group Proteins/*metabolism ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism/*physiology ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism/*physiology ; Ubiquitins/immunology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Tandem duplication of D-loop and ribosomal RNA sequences in lizard mitochondrial DNA (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-09-26
    Beschreibung: Some Cnemidophorus exsanguis have mitochondrial DNA's (mtDNA's) that are 22.2 kilobases (kb) in size, whereas most have mtDNA's of 17.4 kb. Restriction site mapping, DNA transfer hybridization experiments, and electron microscopy show that the size increment stems from the tandem duplication of a 4.8-kb region that includes regulatory sequences and transfer and ribosomal RNA genes. This observation is notable in that sequences outside of the control region are involved in major length variation. Besides revealing a novel form of mtDNA evolution in animals, these duplications provide a useful system for investigating the molecular and evolutionary biology of animal mtDNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moritz, C -- Brown, W M -- GM30144/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1425-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3018925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Lizards ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Detection of papillomavirus DNA in human semen (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-14
    Beschreibung: Human papillomavirus DNA has been detected in the semen of three patients, two of whom have severe chronic wart disease. These data support the contention that sexual transmission of human papillomavirus DNA could occur via semen, a possibility suggested by epidemiological data on the sexual transmission of human papillomavirus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ostrow, R S -- Zachow, K R -- Niimura, M -- Okagaki, T -- Muller, S -- Bender, M -- Faras, A J -- CA 25462/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 14;231(4739):731-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): DNA, Viral/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Papillomaviridae/*isolation & purification ; Semen/*microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/*microbiology/transmission ; Warts/*microbiology/transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Immortalization of human T lymphocytes after transfection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-29
    Beschreibung: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous human herpesvirus, has the ability to transform human B lymphocytes. No other cell type has been experimentally transformed by EBV, either by intact virions or naked viral DNA and subgenomic fragments. Two immortalized human T-lymphoblastoid cell lines have now been established by transfecting cord blood lymphocytes with purified B95-8 viral DNA enclosed in fusogenic Sendai virus envelopes (RSVE) and then exposing the cells to EBV from a P3HR-1 cell subclone. One of these lines, which has been fully characterized, is termed HBD-1. This line is positive for EBV DNA and expresses surface OKT11, OKT4, and Tac receptors, but not M-1, mu immunoglobulin chains, EBV receptors, or B-1 surface markers. The cells contain fully rearranged T-cell receptor genes and germline immunoglobulin genes. The karyotype of the cells is normal, they do not require interleukin-2 for growth, and do not contain human T-lymphotropic virus type I. However, the HBD-1 cells contain incomplete EBV genomes and express several EBV-determined antigens, including the early antigen type D, membrane antigens, but not EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA). This association of the EBV genome with permanently growing hematopoietic cells of non B-cell lineage should prove useful in studies on the mechanism of EBV-mediated cell transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stevenson, M -- Volsky, B -- Hedenskog, M -- Volsky, D J -- CA33386/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA37465/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):980-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3016899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; T-Lymphocytes/*microbiology/physiology ; *Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Suprachiasmatic nucleus vasopressin messenger RNA: circadian variation in normal and Brattleboro rats (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-18
    Beschreibung: In situ hybridization of an oligonucleotide probe complementary to vasopressin messenger RNA (mRNA) in sections from normal or Brattleboro rat hypothalami revealed hybridization densities in each of three vasopressin-rich nuclei: the supraoptic, paraventricular, and suprachiasmatic. When entrained to a daily light-dark cycle, each rat strain displayed diurnal variation in hybridizable mRNA in the suprachiasmatic, but not in the supraoptic or paraventricular nuclei. The higher values for suprachiasmatic mRNA in the morning correlate well with previously elucidated morning increases in vasopressin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid. These results support the utility of in situ hybridization techniques for elucidating physiological influences on regional peptidergic function, are consistent with a prominent role for vasopressinergic suprachiasmatic neurons in generating the cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin rhythm, and suggest that regulation of this mRNA rhythm is not dependent on release of intact peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Uhl, G R -- Reppert, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Autoradiography ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/analysis/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/*analysis/isolation & purification ; Rats ; Rats, Brattleboro ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/*analysis/physiology ; Supraoptic Nucleus/analysis/physiology ; Vasopressins/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Calcium antagonist receptors in cardiomyopathic hamster: selective increases in heart, muscle, brain (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-25
    Beschreibung: The Syrian cardiomyopathic hamster has a hereditary disease in which a progressive myocardial necrosis mimics human forms of cardiac hypertrophy. Lesions are associated with calcium overload and can be prevented with the calcium antagonist verapamil. Numbers of receptor binding sites for calcium antagonists in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle were markedly increased in cardiomyopathic hamsters. The uptake of calcium-45 into brain synaptosomes was also increased in cardiomyopathic hamsters. The increase in calcium antagonist receptors and related voltage-sensitive calcium channels may be involved in the pathogenesis of this cardiomyopathy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wagner, J A -- Reynolds, I J -- Weisman, H F -- Dudeck, P -- Weisfeldt, M L -- Snyder, S H -- HL-17655/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MH-18501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16375/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain/metabolism/physiopathology ; *Brain Chemistry ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/*physiopathology ; Cricetinae ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heart/physiopathology ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Muscle, Smooth/analysis/metabolism ; Muscles/*analysis/metabolism/physiopathology ; Myocardium/*analysis/metabolism ; Nifedipine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Nitrendipine ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*analysis/metabolism/physiology ; Synaptosomes/metabolism ; Verapamil/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Expression and characterization of the trans-activator of HTLV-III/LAV virus (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-21
    Beschreibung: The human T-lymphotropic retrovirus HTLV-III/LAV encodes a trans-activator that increases viral gene expression. We expressed this trans-activator in animal cells and studied its structural and functional characteristics. The putative trans-activator protein was immunoprecipitated from overproducing stable cell lines and shown to migrate as a 14-kilodalton polypeptide on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. S1 nuclease mapping experiments showed that the trans-activator increases the levels of steady-state messenger RNA transcribed from the viral long terminal repeat promoter. Sequences within the R region of the HTLV-III/LAV long terminal repeat are essential for trans-activation. Quantitations of messenger RNA and protein showed that the protein increase was greater than the messenger RNA increase in CV1 and HeLa cells, indicating that more than one mechanism was responsible for the trans-activation and that cell type-specific factors may determine the final level of trans-activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, C M -- Felber, B K -- Paskalis, H -- Pavlakis, G N -- N01-CO-23909/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):988-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3490693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cell Line ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Gene Products, rev ; HIV/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Retroviridae Proteins/*metabolism ; Transfection ; Viral Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Virus Activation ; rev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 11
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    Transition state analogs as ligands for affinity purification of juvenile hormone esterase (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-09-05
    Beschreibung: Insect juvenile hormones are metabolized in numerous species of caterpillars by low abundance, highly specific esterases. Because of their role in regulating and possibly disrupting juvenile hormone titer and thus insect metamorphosis, they are of interest to developmental biologists as well as scientists interested in selective insect control. However, the enzymes have defied attempts to purify and characterize them. Juvenile hormone esterase activity can be inhibited by a variety of 3-substituted 1,1,1-trifluoropropanone sulfides. These apparent transition state analogs were used as ligands and eluting agents to purify juvenile hormone esterase from four insect species from 500-fold to over 1000-fold in high yield. After elution from the affinity column, the enzymes were radiolabeled with paraoxon and analyzed by electrophoresis, and the results demonstrate a high degree of purity. Transition state analogs may be useful for the affinity purification of other enzymes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abdel-Aal, Y A -- Hammock, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1073-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetone/*analogs & derivatives ; Animals ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/antagonists & inhibitors/*isolation & purification ; Chromatography, Affinity/*methods ; Fluorine ; Hemolymph/enzymology ; Juvenile Hormones/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Molecular Weight ; Moths ; Paraoxon/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    Chromosome Y-specific DNA is transferred to the short arm of X chromosome in human XX males (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-15
    Beschreibung: Y-chromosomal DNA is present in the genomes of most human XX males. In these cases, maleness is probably due to the presence of the Y-encoded testis-determining factor (TDF). By means of in situ hybridization of a probe (pDP105) detecting Y-specific DNA to metaphases from three XX males, it was demonstrated that the Y DNA is located on the tip of the short arm of an X chromosome. This finding supports the hypothesis that XX maleness is frequently the result of transfer of Y DNA, including TDF, to a paternally derived X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Andersson, M -- Page, D C -- de la Chapelle, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):786-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/*genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/cytology ; Male ; Metaphase ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *X Chromosome ; *Y Chromosome
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 13
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    Brain architecture: beyond genes (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):155-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726526" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Chickens ; Genes ; Humans ; Language Development ; Male ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats ; Synapses/physiology ; Visual Cortex/anatomy & histology/physiology
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 14
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    Human beta-adrenoceptors: relation of myocardial and lymphocyte beta-adrenoceptor density (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-28
    Beschreibung: In human right atria obtained from 21 patients during open-heart surgery, beta-adrenoceptor density [assessed by iodine-125-labeled (-)-cyanopindolol binding] and responsiveness (positive inotropic responses to isoprenaline) were linearly related to the beta-adrenoceptor density in the corresponding circulating lymphocytes. This direct relation of human myocardial and lymphocyte beta-adrenoceptor alterations, therefore, makes it possible to monitor drug- or disease-induced beta-adrenoceptor changes in tissues not easily accessible in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brodde, O E -- Kretsch, R -- Ikezono, K -- Zerkowski, H R -- Reidemeister, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1584-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3006250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Female ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 15
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    Aminoguanidine prevents diabetes-induced arterial wall protein cross-linking (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-06-27
    Beschreibung: Age-associated increases in collagen cross-linking and accumulation of advanced glycosylation products are both accelerated by diabetes, suggesting that glucose-derived cross-link formation may contribute to the development of chronic diabetic complications as well as certain physical changes of aging. Aminoguanidine, a nucleophilic hydrazine compound, prevented both the formation of fluorescent advanced nonenzymatic glycosylation products and the formation of glucose-derived collagen cross-links in vitro. Aminoguanidine administration to rats was equally effective in preventing diabetes-induced formation of fluorescent advanced nonenzymatic glycosylation products and cross-linking of arterial wall connective tissue protein in vivo. The identification of aminoguanidine as an inhibitor of advanced nonenzymatic glycosylation product formation now makes possible precise experimental definition of the pathogenetic significance of this process and suggests a potential clinical role for aminoguanidine in the future treatment of chronic diabetic complications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brownlee, M -- Vlassara, H -- Kooney, A -- Ulrich, P -- Cerami, A -- AM 19655/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- R01-AM 33861/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1629-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3487117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arteries/*drug effects/metabolism ; Collagen/metabolism ; Connective Tissue/drug effects/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Guanidines/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Serum Albumin, Bovine/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 16
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    Atrial natriuretic peptide elevation in congestive heart failure in the human (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-07
    Beschreibung: A sensitive radioimmunoassay for atrial natriuretic peptide was used to examine the relation between circulating atrial natriuretic peptide and cardiac filling pressure in normal human subjects, in patients with cardiovascular disease and normal cardiac filling pressure, and in patients with cardiovascular disease and elevated cardiac filling pressure with and without congestive heart failure. The present studies establish a normal range for atrial natriuretic peptide in normal human subjects. These studies also establish that elevated cardiac filling pressure is associated with increased circulating concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide and that congestive heart failure is not characterized by a deficiency in atrial natriuretic peptide, but with its elevation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burnett, J C Jr -- Kao, P C -- Hu, D C -- Heser, D W -- Heublein, D -- Granger, J P -- Opgenorth, T J -- Reeder, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1145-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2935937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases/blood ; Female ; Heart Failure/*blood ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 17
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    Plant glutamine synthetase complements a glnA mutation in Escherichia coli (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-06-06
    Beschreibung: A glutamine synthetase gene from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has been expressed in Escherichia coli after fusion of bacterial transcription and translation signals to a complete alfalfa glutamine synthetase coding sequence. Synthesis of the alfalfa glutamine synthetase enzyme in Escherichia coli was demonstrated by functional genetic complementation of a glutamine synthetase-deficient mutant and by immunoblotting analysis. These results should facilitate protein engineering and structure-function analysis of the plant enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DasSarma, S -- Tischer, E -- Goodman, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1242-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2871626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; Genes ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/*genetics ; Medicago sativa/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 18
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    Cloned fragment of the hepatitis delta virus RNA genome: sequence and diagnostic application (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a replication-defective etiological agent of hepatitis that requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) as a helper. A complementary DNA (cDNA) fragment of the RNA genome of HDV was cloned into the plasmid vector pBR322, and the primary nucleotide sequence and predicted protein products of the cDNA fragment were determined. This cloned cDNA fragment has been used as a sensitive radioactive probe for the detection of HDV RNA in the serum of patients with either acute or chronic HDV infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Denniston, K J -- Hoyer, B H -- Smedile, A -- Wells, F V -- Nelson, J -- Gerin, J L -- N01-AI-22665/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Hepatitis D/*diagnosis/microbiology ; Hepatitis Delta Virus/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pan troglodytes ; RNA, Viral/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 19
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    Interferon and c-ets-1 genes in the translocation (9;11)(p22;q23) in human acute monocytic leukemia (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-17
    Beschreibung: Gene probes for interferons alpha and beta 1 and v-ets were hybridized to metaphase chromosomes from three patients with acute monocytic leukemia who had a chromosomal translocation, t(9;11)(p22;q23). The break in the short arm of chromosome 9 split the interferon genes, and the interferon-beta 1 gene was translocated to chromosome 11. The c-ets-1 gene was translocated from chromosome 11 to the short arm of chromosome 9 adjacent to the interferon genes. No DNA rearrangement was observed when these probes were hybridized to genomic DNA from leukemic cells of two of the patients. The results suggest that the juxtaposition of the interferon and c-ets-1 genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of human monocytic leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diaz, M O -- Le Beau, M M -- Pitha, P -- Rowley, J D -- CA 16910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):265-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3455787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Humans ; Interferon Type I/*genetics ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; *Translocation, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 20
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    Perfumes and preference (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-14
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Easton, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 14;231(4743):1235.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; *Perfume ; Rats ; *Sexual Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 21
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    Age-dependent changes in proteins of Drosophila melanogaster (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-07
    Beschreibung: Several molecular theories of aging postulate that there are age-dependent changes in gene expression and that these changes contribute to the reduction in the viability of senescent cells. High-resolution, semiautomated, quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of many soluble proteins was used to test this hypothesis in Drosophila. Two-dimensional protein gel patterns were analyzed for each of three age groups of [(35)S]methionine-labeled adult male Drosophila melanogaster, which, except for their spermatocytes, consist entirely of fixed postmitotic cells. Seven relatively abundant polypeptides expressed in middle-aged (28-day-old) flies were absent in both young(10-day-old) and old (44-day-old) flies. Quantitative analyses of an additional 100 polypeptides were carried out by computer-assisted microdensitometry of fluorograms of the gel preparations. These analyses revealed a significant age-related heterogeneity in the quantitative distribution of radiolabel in these proteins. The data indicate that the qualitative pattern of gene expression is identical in young and old flies, but that profound quantitative changes occur in the expression of proteins during the Drosophila life-span.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleming, J E -- Quattrocki, E -- Latter, G -- Miquel, J -- Marcuson, R -- Zuckerkandl, E -- Bensch, K G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3080809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Aging ; Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Proteins/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 22
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    Circulating atrial natriuretic peptides in conscious rats: regulation of release by multiple factors (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-02
    Beschreibung: Cardiocytes in the atria contain a prohormone that gives rise to atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP's), which have intrinsic hemodynamic regulatory activity. The distribution of ANP's in the brain suggests the involvement of these peptides in central cardiovascular regulation. In conscious rats with chronic indwelling catheters, volume loading with isotonic saline or glucose increased the amount of circulating immunoreactive ANP's by a factor of 4 to 5, as determined by radioimmunoassay. Hyperosmotic challenge with a hypertonic NaCl solution or anesthesia with halothane caused similar increases in plasma ANP's. Results obtained with the denervated-heart preparation indicate that neuronal influences are important in the release of ANP's induced by volume loading. As judged from reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of extracted plasma and radioimmunoassay of collected fractions, the circulating physiologically important ANP's in the conscious rodent appear to be alpha-rANP(5-28) (atriopeptin III) and either alpha-rANP(3-28) [ANF(8-33)] or alpha-rANP(1-28) (ANF).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eskay, R -- Zukowska-Grojec, Z -- Haass, M -- Dave, J R -- Zamir, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):636-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2938258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anesthesia ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/blood/isolation & purification/physiology/*secretion ; Blood Volume ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Consciousness/physiology ; Halothane/pharmacology ; Heart/innervation ; Heart Atria/drug effects/secretion ; Male ; Osmotic Pressure ; Pentobarbital/pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments/isolation & purification ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 23
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    Deregulation of c-myc by translocation of the alpha-locus of the T-cell receptor in T-cell leukemias (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: Two human T-cell leukemias carrying a t(8;14)(q24;q11) chromosome translocation were studied for rearrangements and expression of the c-myc oncogene. For one leukemia, rearrangement was detected in a region immediately distal (3') to the c-myc locus; no rearrangements of c-myc were observed in the second case (DeF). However, studies with hybrids between human and mouse leukemic T cells indicated that in the leukemic cells of DeF, the breakpoint in chromosome 14 occurred between genes for the variable (V alpha) and the constant (C alpha) regions for the alpha chain of the T-cell receptor. The C alpha locus had translocated to a region more than 38 kilobases 3' to the involved c-myc oncogene. Since human c-myc transcripts were expressed only in hybrids carrying the 8q+ chromosome but not in hybrids containing the normal chromosome 8, it is concluded that the translocation of the C alpha locus 3' to the c-myc oncogene can result in its transcriptional deregulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erikson, J -- Finger, L -- Sun, L -- ar-Rushdi, A -- Nishikura, K -- Minowada, J -- Finan, J -- Emanuel, B S -- Nowell, P C -- Croce, C M -- CA10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA25875/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA39860/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):884-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3486470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; *T-Lymphocytes ; *Translocation, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 24
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    Propolypeptide of von Willebrand factor circulates in blood and is identical to von Willebrand antigen II (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-23
    Beschreibung: The generally mild bleeding disorder of von Willebrand disease is associated with abnormalities of two distinct plasma proteins, the large multimeric von Willebrand factor (vWF), which mediates platelet adhesion, and von Willebrand antigen II (vW AgII), which is of unknown function. The two proteins were found to have a common biosynthetic origin in endothelial cells and megakaryocytes, which explains their simultaneous absence in the severe form of this hereditary disease. Shared amino acid sequences from a 100-kilodalton plasma glycoprotein and from vW AgII are identical to amino acid sequences predicted from a complementary DNA clone encoding the 5' end of vWF. In addition, these proteins have identical molecular weights and immunologic cross reactivities. Monoclonal antibodies prepared against both proteins recognize epitopes on the pro-vWF subunit and on a 100-kilodalton protein that are not present on the mature vWF subunit in endothelial cell lysates. In contrast, polyclonal antibodies against vWF recognize both pro-vWF and vWF subunits. Thus, the 100-kilodalton plasma glycoprotein and vW AgII are identical proteins and represent an extremely large propolypeptide that is first cleaved from pro-vWF during intracellular processing and then released into plasma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fay, P J -- Kawai, Y -- Wagner, D D -- Ginsburg, D -- Bonthron, D -- Ohlsson-Wilhelm, B M -- Chavin, S I -- Abraham, G N -- Handin, R I -- Orkin, S H -- HL-30616/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-34050/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-34787/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 23;232(4753):995-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3486471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens/immunology/*metabolism ; Blood Proteins/immunology/metabolism ; Endothelium/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; Protein Precursors/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; von Willebrand Factor/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 25
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    Cross-regulatory interactions among pair-rule genes in Drosophila (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-29
    Beschreibung: The pair-rule genes of Drosophila are required for the subdivision of the developing embryo into a repeating series of homologous body segments. One of the pair-rule genes, even-skipped (eve), appears to be particularly important for the overall segmentation pattern since eve- embryos lack all segmental subdivisions in the middle body region. On the basis of homeo box cross-homology we have isolated a gene, S72, which probably corresponds to eve. In embryo tissue sections S72 transcripts show a periodic distribution pattern. The eve- phenotype appears to involve altered patterns of fushi tarazu and engrailed expression. These and other findings suggest that pair-rule gene expression might involve hierarchical cross-regulatory interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harding, K -- Rushlow, C -- Doyle, H J -- Hoey, T -- Levine, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):953-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): DNA/genetics ; Drosophila/embryology/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Homozygote ; Morphogenesis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 26
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    The neuroendocrine thymus: coexistence of oxytocin and neurophysin in the human thymus (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-25
    Beschreibung: Immunoreactive oxytocin and neurophysin were identified and measured by radioimmunoassay in human thymus extracts. Serial dilutions of extracts paralleled the appropriate standard curves. Thymus-extracted oxytocin and neurophysin eluted in the same positions as reference preparations on Sephadex G-75. Authenticity of oxytocin was confirmed by biological assay and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. In most instances, thymus contents of oxytocin and neurophysin were far greater than those expected from known circulating concentrations and declined with increasing age. The molar ratio of oxytocin to neurophysin in thymus was similar to that found in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system, which strongly suggested with the other data a local synthesis of oxytocin. These findings indicate the presence of neurohypophyseal peptides in the human thymus and further support the concept of a neuroendocrine function integrated in an immune structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geenen, V -- Legros, J J -- Franchimont, P -- Baudrihaye, M -- Defresne, M P -- Boniver, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):508-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myasthenia Gravis/physiopathology ; Neurophysins/*analysis/isolation & purification/physiology ; Oxytocin/*analysis/isolation & purification/physiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thymus Gland/*analysis/physiology/physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 27
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    Cloning of a cDNA for a T cell-specific serine protease from a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: A new serine protease was encoded by a clone isolated from a murine cytotoxic T-lymphocyte complementary DNA library by an RNA-hybridization competition protocol. Complementary transcripts were detected in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, spleen cells from nude mice, a rat natural killer cell leukemia, and in two of eight T-helper clones (both cytotoxic), but not in normal mouse kidney, liver, spleen, or thymus, nor in several tested T- and B-cell tumors. T-cell activation with concanavalin A plus interleukin-2 induced spleen cells to express this gene with kinetics correlating with the acquisition of cytolytic capacity. The nucleotide sequence of this gene encoded an amino acid sequence of approximately 25,700 daltons, with 25 to 35 percent identity to members of the serine protease family. The active site "charge-relay" residues (His57, Asp102, and Ser195 of the chymotrypsin numbering system) are conserved, as well as the trypsin-specific Asp (position 189 in trypsin). A Southern blot analysis indicated that this gene is conserved in humans, mouse, and chicken. This serine protease may have a role in lymphocyte lysis and a "lytic cascade."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gershenfeld, H K -- Weissman, I L -- AI 19512/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA09032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):854-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2422755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Concanavalin A/pharmacology ; DNA/genetics ; Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Mice, Nude ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/genetics ; Serine Endopeptidases ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 28
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    Nutrition policy controversies (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harper, A E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):810-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 29
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    Chromosomal localization of muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes in the mouse (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-14
    Beschreibung: The chromosomal localization of the genes encoding the four subunits of muscle nicotinic receptor was determined by analyzing restriction fragment length polymorphisms between two mouse species Mus musculus domesticus (DBA/2) and Mus spretus (SPE). Analysis of the progeny of the interspecies mouse backcross (DBA/2 X SPE) X DBA/2 showed that the alpha-subunit gene cosegregates with the alpha-cardiac actin gene on chromosome 17, that the beta-subunit gene is located on chromosome 11, and that the gamma- and delta-subunit genes cosegregate and are located on chromosome 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heidmann, O -- Buonanno, A -- Geoffroy, B -- Robert, B -- Guenet, J L -- Merlie, J P -- Changeux, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 14;234(4778):866-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3022377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Actins/genetics ; Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Muridae ; Muscles/*analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*genetics ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 30
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    Researchers grapple with problems of updating classic psychological test (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-09-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 19;233(4770):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; *Mmpi ; Male ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 31
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    On the origin of bacterial resistance to penicillin: comparison of a beta-lactamase and a penicillin target (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-21
    Beschreibung: Structural data are now available for comparing a penicillin target enzyme, the D-alanyl-D-alanine-peptidase from Streptomyces R61, with a penicillin-hydrolyzing enzyme, the beta-lactamase from Bacillus licheniformis 749/C. Although the two enzymes have distinct catalytic properties and lack relatedness in their overall amino acid sequences except near the active-site serine, the significant similarity found by x-ray crystallography in the spatial arrangement of the elements of secondary structure provides strong support for earlier hypotheses that beta-lactamases arose from penicillin-sensitive D-alanyl-D-alanine-peptidases involved in bacterial wall peptidoglycan metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelly, J A -- Dideberg, O -- Charlier, P -- Wery, J P -- Libert, M -- Moews, P C -- Knox, J R -- Duez, C -- Fraipont, C -- Joris, B -- 10RRO1955-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- AI-10925/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-16702/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 21;231(4744):1429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3082007" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacillus cereus/enzymology ; Binding Sites ; Carboxypeptidases/genetics/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; *Penicillin Resistance ; Protein Conformation ; *Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidase ; Streptomyces/enzymology ; X-Ray Diffraction ; beta-Lactamases/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 32
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    New growth industry in human growth hormone? (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-10-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 3;234(4772):22-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Body Height/drug effects ; Child ; Female ; *Growth Hormone/biosynthesis/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis/therapeutic use
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 33
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    Antiserum to a synthetic peptide recognizes the HTLV-III envelope glycoprotein (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-28
    Beschreibung: In a study performed to determine which regions of the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type III (HTLV-III) may represent vaccine candidates to prevent the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid sequence 735 to 752 of the precursor envelope glycoprotein of HTLV-III was used to immunize rabbits. The resulting rabbit antiserum to the synthetic peptide specifically recognized the precursor envelope glycoprotein (gp160) of HTLV-III. Human sera positive for antibody to HTLV-III reacted with this peptide. These findings indicate that synthetic peptides can be used to induce an immune response directed against a native envelope glycoprotein epitope of HTLV-III. The data are discussed in terms of using synthetic peptides to identify antigenic determinants involved in the induction of protective immunity and possibly as vaccine candidates against the etiologic agent of AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, R C -- Henkel, R D -- Pauletti, D -- Allan, J S -- Lee, T H -- Essex, M -- Dreesman, G R -- N0I-HL-23505/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R23-AI-22307-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1556-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3006246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Rabbits ; Solubility ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 34
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    Evolution of color vision (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalmus, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 4;233(4759):14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3487118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Color Perception ; Color Vision Defects/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Saimiri
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 35
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    Researchers hunt for Alzheimer's disease gene (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):448-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961489" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Family ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 36
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    Thyrotropin-releasing hormone precursor: characterization in rat brain (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-10
    Beschreibung: To characterize the precursor of mammalian thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a rat hypothalamic lambda gt11 library was screened with an antiserum directed against a synthetic peptide representing a portion of the rat TRH prohormone. The nucleotide sequence of the immunopositive complementary DNA encoded a protein with a molecular weight of 29,247. This protein contained five copies of the sequence Gln-His-Pro-Gly flanked by paired basic amino acids and could therefore generate five TRH molecules. In addition, potential cleavage sites in the TRH precursor could produce other non-TRH peptides, which may be secreted. In situ hybridization to rat brain sections demonstrated that the pre-proTRH complementary DNA detected neurons concentrated in the parvocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus, the same location as cells detected by immunohistochemistry. These findings indicate that mammalian TRH arises by posttranslational processing of a larger precursor protein. The ability of the TRH prohormone to generate multiple copies of the bioactive peptide may be an important mechanism in the amplification of hormone production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lechan, R M -- Wu, P -- Jackson, I M -- Wolf, H -- Cooperman, S -- Mandel, G -- Goodman, R H -- AM 34540/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA 37370/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 AM 39428/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 10;231(4734):159-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3079917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Precursors/genetics/*physiology ; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 37
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    Cerebellar vermis: essential for long-term habituation of the acoustic startle response (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-25
    Beschreibung: The acoustic startle response in rats shows both short-term habituation, which recovers in seconds or minutes, and long-term habituation, which is effectively permanent. Lesions of the cerebellar vermis significantly attenuated long-term habituation without affecting the short-term process or altering initial response levels. In this response system the cerebellar vermis is part of an essential circuit for long-term habituation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leaton, R N -- Supple, W F Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):513-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Pathways/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Cerebellum/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/*physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Reflex, Startle/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/analysis/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 38
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    Presence of nonoxidative ethanol metabolism in human organs commonly damaged by ethanol abuse (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-31
    Beschreibung: Acetaldehyde, the end product of oxidative ethanol metabolism, contributes to alcohol-induced disease in the liver, but cannot account for damage in organs such as the pancreas, heart, or brain, where oxidative metabolism is minimal or absent; nor can it account for the varied patterns of organ damage found in chronic alcoholics. Thus other biochemical mediators may be important in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced organ damage. Many human organs were found to metabolize ethanol through a recently described nonoxidative pathway to form fatty acid ethyl esters. Organs lacking oxidative alcohol metabolism yet frequently damaged by ethanol abuse have high fatty acid ethyl ester synthetic activities and show substantial transient accumulations of fatty acid ethyl esters. Thus nonoxidative ethanol metabolism in addition to the oxidative pathway may be important in the pathophysiology of ethanol-induced disease in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Laposata, E A -- Lange, L G -- HL-30152/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Alcoholism/*metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Brain/metabolism ; Ethanol/*metabolism ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Muscles/metabolism ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Oleic Acids/biosynthesis ; Organ Specificity ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pancreas/metabolism ; Testis/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 39
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    All members of the MHC multigene family respond to thyroid hormone in a highly tissue-specific manner (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-07
    Beschreibung: In mammals different isoforms of myosin heavy chain are encoded by the members of a multigene family. The expression of each gene of this family is regulated in a tissue- and developmental stage-specific manner as well as by hormonal and various pathological stimuli. In this study the molecular basis of isoform switches induced in myosin heavy chain by thyroid hormone was investigated. The expression of the myosin heavy chain gene family was analyzed in seven different muscles of adult rats subjected to hypo- or hyperthyroidism with complementary DNA probes specific for six different myosin heavy chain genes. The results demonstrate that all six genes are responsive to thyroid hormone. More interestingly, the same myosin heavy chain gene can be regulated by thyroid hormone in highly different modes, even in opposite directions, depending on the tissue in which it is expressed. Furthermore, the skeletal embryonic and neonatal myosin heavy chain genes, so far considered specific to these two developmental stages, can be reinduced by hypothyroidism in specific adult muscles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Izumo, S -- Nadal-Ginard, B -- Mahdavi, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):597-600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Diaphragm/drug effects/growth & development/metabolism ; Genes/*drug effects ; Heart/drug effects/growth & development ; Hyperthyroidism/metabolism ; Hypothyroidism/metabolism ; Male ; Muscle Development ; Muscles/drug effects/metabolism ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Myosins/*genetics ; Rats ; Thyroid Hormones/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 40
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    Unexpected size pattern in bacterial proteins (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):825-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3518057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Bacterial Proteins ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Molecular Weight
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 41
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    Interferon inhibits the establishment of competence in Go/S-phase transition (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-18
    Beschreibung: Addition of mouse interferon-alpha/beta (IFN) to confluent, quiescent BALB/c 3T3 (clone A31) mouse fibroblasts resulted in a block or delay in serum-induced activation of the cell cycle. It was necessary to add IFN within 6 hours after serum stimulation to inhibit nuclear labeling with [3H]thymidine. This is consistent with the time required for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to induce cells to become competent to respond to additional growth factors present in platelet-poor plasma. Simultaneous addition of IFN with PDGF inhibited the PDGF-induced synthesis of a 29-kilodalton and a 35-kilodalton protein that normally occurs within 1 hour after PDGF addition. IFN also suppressed the general increase in protein synthesis that occurs by the fifth hour after PDGF addition. These results show that IFN antagonizes the action of PDGF, thereby interfering with the activation of Go cells for G1 traverse and S-phase entry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, S L -- Kikuchi, T -- Pledger, W J -- Tamm, I -- CA 18213/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 18608/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 42713/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):356-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Blood ; Cell Cycle/*drug effects ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Interferon Type I/*pharmacology ; Interphase ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Weight ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 42
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    Systemic ethanol: selective enhancement of responses to acetylcholine and somatostatin in hippocampus (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-10
    Beschreibung: In rat hippocampal pyramidal cells tested in situ by iontophoresis of several neurotransmitters, ethanol significantly enhanced excitatory responses to acetylcholine and inhibitory responses to somatostatin-14 but had no statistically significant effect on excitatory responses to glutamate or inhibitory responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid or, in preliminary tests, to norepinephrine or serotonin. The effects of ethanol on responses to acetylcholine and somatostatin-14 may provide insight into synaptic mechanisms underlying the behavioral consequences of ethanol intoxication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mancillas, J R -- Siggins, G R -- Bloom, F E -- AA-06420/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- AM-26741/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 10;231(4734):161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2867600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylcholine/*pharmacology ; Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Goldfish ; Hippocampus/*drug effects ; Male ; Neurons/drug effects/physiology ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Somatostatin/*pharmacology ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 43
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    The slow, insidious natures of the HTLV's (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-31
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):450-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3001937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Deltaretrovirus/*pathogenicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Sex ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 44
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    The hypogonadal mouse: reproductive functions restored by gene therapy (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-12
    Beschreibung: The hypogonadal (hpg) mouse lacks a complete gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene and consequently cannot reproduce. Introduction of an intact GnRH gene into the genome of these mutant mice resulted in complete reversal of the hypogonadal phenotype. Transgenic hpg/hpg homozygotes of both sexes were capable of mating and producing offspring. Pituitary and serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin were restored to those of normal animals. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that GnRH expression was restored in the appropriate hypothalamic neurons of the transgenic hpg animals, an indication of neural-specific expression of the introduced gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mason, A J -- Pitts, S L -- Nikolics, K -- Szonyi, E -- Wilcox, J N -- Seeburg, P H -- Stewart, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1372-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3097822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genetic Engineering ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics ; Histocytochemistry ; Hypogonadism/*genetics ; Hypothalamus/analysis/cytology ; Infertility/genetics/*therapy ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neurons/analysis ; Phenotype ; Prolactin/blood ; Tissue Distribution
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 45
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    Characterization of the supernumerary chromosome in cat eye syndrome (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-02
    Beschreibung: Most individuals with cat eye syndrome (CES) have a supernumerary bisatellited chromosome which, on the basis of cytogenetic evidence, has been reported to originate from either chromosome 13 or 22. To resolve this question, a single-copy DNA probe, D22S9, was isolated and localized to 22q11 by in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes. The number of copies of this sequence was determined in CES patients by means of Southern blots and densitometry analysis of autoradiographs. In patients with the supernumerary chromosome, four copies were found, whereas in one patient with a duplication of part of chromosome 22, there were three copies. Therefore, the syndrome results from the presence of either three or four copies of DNA sequences from 22q11; there is no evidence that sequences from other chromosomes are involved. This work demonstrates how DNA sequence dosage analysis can be used to study genetic disorders that are not readily amenable to standard cytogenetic analysis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDermid, H E -- Duncan, A M -- Brasch, K R -- Holden, J J -- Magenis, E -- Sheehy, R -- Burn, J -- Kardon, N -- Noel, B -- Schinzel, A -- CA06927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):646-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Abnormalities, Multiple/*genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations/*genetics ; Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Coloboma/*genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Syndrome
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 46
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    Age and infertility (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-09-26
    Beschreibung: Direct evidence on age patterns of infecundity and sterility cannot be obtained from contemporary populations because such large fractions of couples use contraception or have been sterilized. Instead, historical data are exploited to yield upper bounds applicable to contemporary populations on the proportions sterile at each age. Examination of recent changes in sexual behavior that may increase infecundity indicates that sexually transmitted infections, the prime candidate for hypothesized rises in infertility, are unlikely to have added to infecundity to any great extent. These results imply that a woman in a monogamous union faces only moderate increases in the probability of becoming sterile (or infecund) until her late thirties. Nevertheless, it appears that recent changes in reproductive behavior were guaranteed to result in the perception that infecundity is on the rise.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Menken, J -- Trussell, J -- Larsen, U -- HD11720/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1389-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; *Aging ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/*epidemiology ; Infertility, Male/*epidemiology ; Male ; Marriage ; Middle Aged ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 47
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    Identification of a T helper cell-derived lymphokine that activates resting T lymphocytes (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-07
    Beschreibung: A novel lymphokine with apparent molecular size of 10 to 12 kilodaltons is secreted from helper T cell clones within hours after cross-linking their T cell antigen-MHC (major histocompatibility complex) receptors (T3-Ti). This lymphokine, termed interleukin-4A (IL-4A), stimulates resting lymphocytes by binding to a surface component (or components) of the alternative T11 pathway and subsequently by inducing interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors. The activation process is neither dependent on antigen specificities of the recruited population or the presence of macrophages. It appears, therefore, that IL-4A is a mediator involved in amplifying the T cell immune response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milanese, C -- Richardson, N E -- Reinherz, E L -- AI 21226/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 40134/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R0I AI 19807/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1118-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2935936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Clone Cells ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphokines/*immunology ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, Immunologic/analysis ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 48
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    Different mutations in Ashkenazi Jewish and non-Jewish French Canadians with Tay-Sachs disease (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-06-27
    Beschreibung: Tay-Sachs disease patients of Ashkenazi Jewish and non-Jewish French Canadian origin are affected with a clinically identical form of this inherited disease. Both have a similar gene frequency for the disorder, which is tenfold higher than that found in the general population. Unlike other patients with the disease, who often display variation at the clinical or biochemical level, the absence of such differences between these two groups has prompted the idea that they may harbor the same mutation. In this report, a complementary DNA clone coding for the alpha chain of human beta-hexosaminidase has been used to analyze the genetic lesions in the alpha-chain locus of two patients with Tay-Sachs disease from each of these groups. On the basis of DNA hybridization analyses, the alpha-chain gene of the Ashkenazi patients appears intact while the alpha-chain gene of French Canadian patients has a 5' deletion of approximately 5 to 8 kilobases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myerowitz, R -- Hogikyan, N D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1646-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3754980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Canada ; DNA/genetics ; France/ethnology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; *Jews ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Tay-Sachs Disease/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 49
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    Mechanism of the rapid effect of 17 beta-estradiol on medial amygdala neurons (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-11
    Beschreibung: The mechanism by which sex steroids rapidly modulate the excitability of neurons was investigated by intracellular recording of neurons in rat medial amygdala brain slices. Brief hyperpolarization and increased potassium conductance were produced by 17 beta-estradiol. This effect persisted after elimination of synaptic input and after suppression of protein synthesis. Thus, 17 beta-estradiol directly changes the ionic conductance of the postsynaptic membrane of medial amygdala neurons. In addition, a greater proportion of the neurons from females than from males responded to 17 beta-estradiol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nabekura, J -- Oomura, Y -- Minami, T -- Mizuno, Y -- Fukuda, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):226-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amygdala/cytology/*drug effects ; Animals ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Dactinomycin/pharmacology ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 50
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    Sex and needles, not insects and pigs, spread AIDS in Florida town (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-10-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 24;234(4775):415-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3764417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/classification/epidemiology/*transmission ; Arbovirus Infections/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 51
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    Military AIDS testing offers research bonus (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):818-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; *Military Medicine ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 52
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    HTLV-III/LAV-neutralizing antibodies to an E. coli-produced fragment of the virus envelope (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-12
    Beschreibung: Immunization with either an Escherichia coli recombinant segment of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III/LAV) envelope protein (gp 120) or with deglycosylated gp 120 envelope protein produced antibodies that neutralize HTLV-III/LAV infection in vitro. Virus neutralization titers of these antisera were equivalent to those obtained with purified native gp120 as immunogen. This localizes at least one class of neutralizing epitopes to the carboxyl-terminal half of the molecule. In addition, native gp120 prevented HTLV-III/LAV--mediated cell fusion, whereas the recombinant gp120 fragment did not. This shows that although glycosylation is not required for induction of neutralizing antibodies, it may be important for interaction with CD4, the virus receptor. A segment of the HTLV-III/LAV envelope produced in E. coli may be an important ingredient of a vaccine for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Putney, S D -- Matthews, T J -- Robey, W G -- Lynn, D L -- Robert-Guroff, M -- Mueller, W T -- Langlois, A J -- Ghrayeb, J -- Petteway, S R Jr -- Weinhold, K J -- 1PO1-CA43447-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1392-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes/analysis ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; HIV Antibodies ; Humans ; Immunization ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 53
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    AIDS in Africa: an epidemiologic paradigm (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-21
    Beschreibung: Cases of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been reported in countries throughout the world. Initial surveillance studies in Central Africa suggest an annual incidence of AIDS of 550 to 1000 cases per million adults. The male to female ratio of cases is 1:1, with age- and sex-specific rates greater in females less than 30 years of age and greater in males over age 40. Clinically, AIDS in Africans is often characterized by a diarrhea-wasting syndrome, opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis, cryptococcosis, and cryptosporidiosis, or disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma. From 1 to 18% of healthy blood donors and pregnant women and as many as 27 to 88% of female prostitutes have antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The present annual incidence of infection is approximately 0.75% among the general population of Central and East Africa. The disease is transmitted predominantly by heterosexual activity, parenteral exposure to blood transfusions and unsterilized needles, and perinatally from infected mothers to their newborns, and will continue to spread rapidly where economic and cultural factors favor these modes of transmission. Prevention and control of HIV infection through educational programs and blood bank screening should be an immediate public health priority for all African countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Quinn, T C -- Mann, J M -- Curran, J W -- Piot, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):955-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3022379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*epidemiology/history/transmission ; Africa ; Age Factors ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Blood Transfusion ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Opportunistic Infections/complications ; Pregnancy ; Prostitution ; Retroviridae/isolation & purification ; Risk ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/epidemiology ; Sex Factors ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 54
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    Maleness pinpointed on Y chromosome (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-28
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 28;234(4780):1076-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; H-Y Antigen/genetics ; Humans ; Lizards ; Male ; Mice ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; *Y Chromosome
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 55
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    Epidemiology of drug abuse: an overview (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-21
    Beschreibung: Issues regarding the use of epidemiology in drug abuse research are discussed and systems for monitoring national trends and identifying risk factors are described. Data indicate a general decline in marijuana use among youth, a cohort aging effect among heroin and marijuana users, and increased prevalence and health consequences associated with cocaine use.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kozel, N J -- Adams, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):970-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3490691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Cocaine ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Female ; Heroin ; Humans ; Male ; Marijuana Abuse/epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Risk ; Substance-Related Disorders/*epidemiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 56
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    Hu-ets-1 and Hu-ets-2 genes are transposed in acute leukemias with (4;11) and (8;21) translocations (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-24
    Beschreibung: Human probes identifying the cellular homologs of the v-ets gene, Hu-ets-1 and Hu-ets-2, and two panels of rodent-human cell hybrids were used to study specific translocations occurring in acute leukemias. The human ets-1 gene was found to translocate from chromosome 11 to 4 in the t(4;11)(q21;23), a translocation characteristic of a subtype of leukemia that represents the expansion of a myeloid/lymphoid precursor cell. Similarly, the human ets-2 gene was found to translocate from chromosome 21 to chromosome 8 in the t(8;21)(q22;q22), a nonrandom translocation commonly found in patients with acute myeloid leukemia with morphology M2 (AML-M2). Both translocations are associated with expression different from the expression in normal lymphoid cells of ets genes, raising the possibility that these genes play a role in the pathogenesis of these leukemias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sacchi, N -- Watson, D K -- Guerts van Kessel, A H -- Hagemeijer, A -- Kersey, J -- Drabkin, H D -- Patterson, D -- Papas, T S -- AG00029/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD17449/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):379-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; *Translocation, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 57
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    Molecular genetics of human color vision: the genes encoding blue, green, and red pigments (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-11
    Beschreibung: Human color vision is based on three light-sensitive pigments. The isolation and sequencing of genomic and complementary DNA clones that encode the apoproteins of these three pigments are described. The deduced amino acid sequences show 41 +/- 1 percent identity with rhodopsin. The red and green pigments show 96 percent mutual identity but only 43 percent identity with the blue pigment. Green pigment genes vary in number among color-normal individuals and, together with a single red pigment gene, are proposed to reside in a head-to-tail tandem array within the X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathans, J -- Thomas, D -- Hogness, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):193-202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2937147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Cattle ; Cebidae ; Cercopithecidae ; Color ; Color Perception/*physiology ; DNA/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Eye Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Genes ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Retinal Pigments/*genetics ; Retinaldehyde/physiology ; Rhodopsin/genetics ; Rod Opsins ; X Chromosome
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 58
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    Stress-induced inhibition of reproductive functions: role of endogenous corticotropin-releasing factor (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-07
    Beschreibung: In the adult castrated male rat, exposure to inescapable, intermittent electroshocks inhibited the pulsatile pattern of luteinizing hormone release and markedly lowered its plasma concentrations. The central administration of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist alpha-helical ovine CRF residues 9 to 41 reversed the inhibitory action of stress. Neither its peripheral injection, nor the intraventricular injection of the inactive CRF analog des-Glu to Arg ovine CRF was effective. These results suggest that endogenous CRF may mediate some deleterious effects of noxious stimuli on reproduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rivier, C -- Rivier, J -- Vale, W -- AA03504/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- AM26741/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD13527/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/physiology ; Animals ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology/*physiology ; Electroshock ; Female ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Rats ; *Reproduction/drug effects ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 59
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    Studies of the human c-myb gene and its product in human acute leukemias (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-18
    Beschreibung: The myb gene is the transforming oncogene of the avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV); its normal cellular homolog, c-myb, is conserved across a broad span of evolution. In humans, c-myb is expressed in malignant hematopoietic cell lines and in primary hematopoietic tumors. Partial complementary DNA clones were generated from blast cells of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. The sequences of the clones were compared to the c-myb of other species, as well as the v-myb of AMV. In addition, the carboxyl terminal region of human c-myb was placed in an expression vector to obtain protein for the generation of antiserum, which was used to identify the human c-myb gene product. Like v-myb, this protein was found within the nucleus of leukemic cells where it was associated with the nuclear matrix. These studies provide further evidence that c-myb might be involved in human leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slamon, D J -- Boone, T C -- Murdock, D C -- Keith, D E -- Press, M F -- Larson, R A -- Souza, L M -- CA36827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):347-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3014652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase ; Avian Leukosis Virus/*genetics ; Avian Myeloblastosis Virus/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing) ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; *Dihydroorotase ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/microbiology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; *Multienzyme Complexes ; *Oncogenes ; Proteins/analysis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 60
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    A mouse homeo box gene is expressed in spermatocytes and embryos (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-08
    Beschreibung: The MH-3 gene, which contains a homeo box that is expressed specifically in the adult testis, was identified and mapped to mouse chromosome 6. By means of in situ hybridization with adult testis sections and Northern blot hybridization with testis RNA from prepuberal mice and from Sl/Sld mutant mice, it was demonstrated that this gene is expressed in male germ cells during late meiosis. In the embryo, MH-3 transcripts were present at day 11.5 post coitum, a stage in mouse development when gonadal differentiation has not yet occurred. The MH-3 gene may have functions in spermatogenesis and embryogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubin, M R -- Toth, L E -- Patel, M D -- D'Eustachio, P -- Nguyen-Huu, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 8;233(4764):663-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; DNA/genetics ; Drosophila ; Embryo, Mammalian/*metabolism ; *Embryo, Nonmammalian ; *Genes ; Male ; Mice ; Morphogenesis ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Spermatocytes/*metabolism ; Spermatogenesis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 61
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    Amplification and rearrangement of Hu-ets-1 in leukemia and lymphoma with involvement of 11q23 (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-18
    Beschreibung: The Hu-ets-1 oncogene was found to be rearranged and amplified 30-fold in one case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia in which a homogeneously staining region occurred on 11q23; the oncogene was rearranged and amplified approximately tenfold in a case of small lymphocytic cell lymphoma with an inverted insertion that also involved band 11q23. This work suggests that Hu-ets-1 is an unusual oncogene that can help explain the common involvement of chromosome band 11q23 in various subtypes of hematopoietic malignancies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rovigatti, U -- Watson, D K -- Yunis, J J -- CA-31024/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-33314/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):398-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3457468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15/ultrastructure ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X/ultrastructure ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*genetics ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 62
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    Differences in adrenergic recognition by pancreatic A and B cells (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-16
    Beschreibung: The adrenergic control of glucose homeostasis is mediated in part through variations in the release of pancreatic hormones. In this study, purified pancreatic A and B cells were used to identify the recognition and messenger units involved in the adrenergic regulation of glucagon and insulin release. Catecholamines induced beta-adrenergic receptor activity in A cells and alpha 2-adrenergic receptor activity in B cells. The two recognition units provoked opposite variations in the production of cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate, the beta-adrenergic unit enhancing the nucleotide's permissive effect on amino acid-induced glucagon release and the alpha 2-adrenergic unit inhibiting that upon glucose-induced insulin release. In both cell types, catecholamines interact powerfully with the synergistic control of hormone release by nutrient- and (neuro)hormone-driven messenger systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schuit, F C -- Pipeleers, D G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):875-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2871625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cyclic AMP/analysis ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Glucagon/secretion ; Insulin/secretion ; Islets of Langerhans/analysis/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 63
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    A selective imidazobenzodiazepine antagonist of ethanol in the rat (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-05
    Beschreibung: Ethanol, at pharmacologically relevant concentrations of 20 to 100 mM, stimulates gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) receptor-mediated uptake of 36Cl-labeled chlorine into isolated brain vesicles. One drug that acts at GABA-benzodiazepine receptors, the imidazobenzodiazepine Ro15-4513, has been found to be a potent antagonist of ethanol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake into brain vesicles, but it fails to antagonize either pentobarbital- or muscimol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake. Pretreatment of rats with Ro15-4513 blocks the anticonflict activity of low doses of ethanol (but not pentobarbital) as well as the behavioral intoxication observed with higher doses of ethanol. The effects of Ro15-4513 in antagonizing ethanol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake and behavior are completely blocked by benzodiazepine receptor antagonists. However, other benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonists fail to antagonize the actions of ethanol in vitro or in vivo, suggesting a novel interaction of Ro15-4513 with the GABA receptor-coupled chloride ion channel complex. The identification of a selective benzodiazepine antagonist of ethanol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake in vitro that blocks the anxiolytic and intoxicating actions of ethanol suggests that many of the neuropharmacologic actions of ethanol may be mediated via central GABA receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suzdak, P D -- Glowa, J R -- Crawley, J N -- Schwartz, R D -- Skolnick, P -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 5;234(4781):1243-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3022383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Anxiety/drug effects ; Azides/*pharmacology ; Benzodiazepines/*pharmacology ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Ethanol/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Flumazenil/pharmacology ; Male ; Pyrazoles/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects ; Synaptosomes/drug effects
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 64
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    Male-killing bacteria in a parasitic wasp (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-28
    Beschreibung: A rod-shaped bacterium has been isolated that kills male eggs of the wasp Nasonia vitripennis, a pupal parasite of flies. Only some wasps of this species express this son-killer trait, and these wasps have bacterial infections in various organs. The bacterium was isolated from son-killer wasp tissue and from the hemolymph of fly pupae parasitized by wasps expressing the son-killer trait. Bacteria are apparently transferred to parasitized fly pupae during wasp oviposition, and developing wasp offspring are subsequently infected perorally. Sex-ratio distortion by microorganisms is found in a variety of plants and animals. The infectious peroral transmission of this trait variety of plants and animals. The infectious peroral transmission of this trait is in contrast to the typical pattern of cytoplasmic inheritance of sex-ratio distortion in these other systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Werren, J H -- Skinner, S W -- Huger, A M -- 5 T32 6MO7131/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 28;231(4741):990-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945814" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bacteria ; Female ; Hemolymph/microbiology ; Hymenoptera/*microbiology ; Male ; Ovum/microbiology ; Sex Factors ; Wasps/*microbiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 65
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    Isolation and sequence of L3T4 complementary DNA clones: expression in T cells and brain (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-10-31
    Beschreibung: T lymphocytes express on their surface not only a specific receptor for antigen and major histocompatibility complex proteins, but also a number of additional glycoproteins that are thought to play accessory roles in the processes of recognition and signal transduction. L3T4 is one such T-cell surface protein that is expressed on most mouse thymocytes and on mature mouse T cells that recognize class II (Ia) major histocompatibility complex proteins. Such cells are predominantly of the helper/inducer phenotype. In this study, complementary DNA clones encoding L3T4 were isolated and sequenced. The predicted protein sequence shows that L3T4 is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. It is encoded by a single gene that does not require rearrangement prior to expression. Although the protein has not previously been demonstrated on nonhematopoietic cells, two messenger RNA species specific for L3T4 are found in brain. The minor species comigrates with the L3T4 transcript in T cells, whereas the major species is 1 kilobase smaller.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tourvieille, B -- Gorman, S D -- Field, E H -- Hunkapiller, T -- Parnes, J R -- 1 F32 CA07877-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AI11313/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM34991/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):610-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3094146" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; Antigens, Surface/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 66
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    Leishmaniasis and malaria: new tools for epidemiologic analysis (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-21
    Beschreibung: Parasitic diseases are still prevalent in many parts of the world, causing both human suffering and economic loss. Recent developments in biotechnology, such as the use of monoclonal antibodies and recombinant DNA, have the potential for providing both more extensive and detailed information on the parasite in the infected human and in insect vectors. New methods of detection, both in man and insect vectors, have been developed for two parasitic diseases, leishmaniasis and malaria. These new methodologies will be important in epidemiologic studies on the prevalence and transmission of these parasitic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wirth, D F -- Rogers, W O -- Barker, R Jr -- Dourado, H -- Suesebang, L -- Albuquerque, B -- AI 19392/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 21365/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):975-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3535070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies, Monoclonal ; DNA/isolation & purification ; DNA, Recombinant ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Humans ; Insect Vectors ; Leishmania/classification/genetics ; Leishmaniasis/*diagnosis/epidemiology ; Malaria/*diagnosis/epidemiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics/immunology ; Plasmodium vivax/genetics/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 67
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    A neuronal antigen in the brains of Alzheimer patients (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-02
    Beschreibung: A monoclonal antibody was prepared against pooled homogenates of brain tissue from patients with Alzheimer's disease. This antibody recognizes an antigen present in much higher concentration in certain brain regions of Alzheimer patients than in normal brain. The antigen appears to be a protein present in neurons involved in the formation of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, and in some morphologically normal neurons in sections from Alzheimer brains. Partial purification and Western blot analysis revealed the antigen from Alzheimer brain to be a single protein with a molecular weight of 68,000. Application of the same purification procedure to normal brain tissue results in the detection of small amounts of a protein of lower molecular weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolozin, B L -- Pruchnicki, A -- Dickson, D W -- Davies, P -- CA13330/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM7288/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):648-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3083509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alzheimer Disease/*immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens/immunology/isolation & purification ; Brain/cytology/*immunology ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/immunology ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/immunology ; Chromatography, Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hippocampus/cytology/immunology ; Humans ; Intermediate Filaments/immunology ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/immunology ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/immunology/isolation & purification ; Neurons/immunology ; tau Proteins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 68
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    Diverse gene expression for isotypes of murine serum amyloid A protein during acute phase reaction (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-11
    Beschreibung: Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) is a precursor for a major component of amyloid fibrils, which, upon deposition, cause secondary amyloidosis in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. In mice, SAA is encoded by at least three genes, which show diverse expression during inflammation. Furthermore, in amyloidosis-resistant SJL mice, the gene expression for one SAA isotype, SAA2, is defective, although SAA2 gene expression is normal in amyloidosis-susceptible BALB/c mice. Because only SAA2-derived products deposit in mouse amyloid tissues, the resistance of SJL mice to amyloidosis seems to be due to defective SAA2 gene expression. Thus, the study emphasizes the importance of SAA gene structure in determining susceptibility to amyloidosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamamoto, K -- Shiroo, M -- Migita, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):227-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3456645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amyloid/*genetics ; Amyloidosis/*genetics ; Animals ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Serum Amyloid A Protein/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 69
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    Alterations of myc, myb, and rasHa proto-oncogenes in cancers are frequent and show clinical correlation (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-17
    Beschreibung: Alterations of c-myc, c-rasHa, or c-myb oncogenes were found in more than one-third of human solid tumors. Amplification of c-myc occurred in advanced, widespread tumors or in aggressive primary tumors. Apparent allelic deletions of c-rasHa and c-myb can be correlated with progression and metastasis of carcinomas and sarcomas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yokota, J -- Tsunetsugu-Yokota, Y -- Battifora, H -- Le Fevre, C -- Cline, M J -- CA15619/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):261-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941898" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Child ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics/isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Oncogenes ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Sarcoma/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 70
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    The ninth component of complement and the pore-forming protein (perforin 1) from cytotoxic T cells: structural, immunological, and functional similarities (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-11
    Beschreibung: The ninth component of complement (C9) and the pore-forming protein (PFP or perforin) from cytotoxic T lymphocytes polymerize to tubular lesions having an internal diameter of 100 A and 160 A, respectively, when bound to lipid bilayers. Polymerized C9, assembled by slow spontaneous or rapid Zn2+-induced polymerization, and polyperforin, which is assembled only in the presence of Ca2+, constitute large aqueous pores that are stable, nonselective for solutes, and insensitive to changes of membrane potential. Monospecific polyclonal antibodies to purified C9 and PFP show cross-reactivity, suggesting structural homology between the two molecules. The structural and functional homologies between these two killer molecules imply an active role for pore formation during cell lysis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, J D -- Cohn, Z A -- Podack, E R -- AI070127/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI18525/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA3019/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):184-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2425429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Centrifugation, Isopycnic ; Complement C9/*immunology/physiology ; Cross Reactions ; Humans ; Ion Channels/physiology ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Membrane Proteins/*immunology/physiology ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Perforin ; Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*physiology ; Zinc/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 71
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    AIDS in Africa (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Linke, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):203.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/*transmission ; Circumcision, Male ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 72
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    Novel interleukin-2 receptor subunit detected by cross-linking under high-affinity conditions (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-14
    Beschreibung: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) binds to both high- and low-affinity classes of IL-2 receptors on activated T lymphocytes. Only the high-affinity receptors are involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis and normally transduce the mitogenic signals of IL-2; however, the structural features distinguishing the high- and low-affinity receptors are unknown. When 125I-labeled IL-2 was chemically cross-linked to activated human T lymphocytes, two major bands were identified. First, as predicted, a 68- to 72-kilodalton band, consisting of IL-2 (15.5 kilodaltons) cross-linked to the IL-2 receptor (55 kilodaltons), was observed. Second, an unpredicted 85- to 92-kilodalton moiety was detected. This band was not present when IL-2 was cross-linked to transfected C127 cells, which exclusively express low-affinity receptors. The data presented are most consistent with the existence of a 70- to 77-kilodalton glycoprotein subunit (p70) which, upon associating with the 55-kilodalton low-affinity receptor (p55), transforms it into a high-affinity site. It is proposed that p55 and p70 be referred to as the alpha and beta subunits, respectively, of the high-affinity IL-2 receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharon, M -- Klausner, R D -- Cullen, B R -- Chizzonite, R -- Leonard, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 14;234(4778):859-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3095922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; *Cross-Linking Reagents ; Humans ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Interleukin-2/metabolism ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, Immunologic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; Succinimides ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 73
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    High titers of autoantibodies to topoisomerase I (Scl-70) in sera from scleroderma patients (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-14
    Beschreibung: Patients with rheumatic diseases often have circulating autoantibodies to nuclear components. The clinical significance of the antibodies is controversial, although in some cases they are valuable in the diagnosis of the disease. This report presents results of a study of Scl-70, an autoantigen recognized by sera of many patients with the most severe form of progressive systemic sclerosis. It was possible to show, by three independent criteria, that Scl-70 is the abundant nuclear enzyme DNA topoisomerase I. Therefore, antibody probes of high titer and high affinity are now available for the study of this important nuclear enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shero, J H -- Bordwell, B -- Rothfield, N F -- Earnshaw, W C -- GM-30985/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 14;231(4739):737-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibody Specificity ; Autoantibodies/*immunology ; Chromosomes/immunology ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/*genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Scleroderma, Systemic/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 74
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    Psychotomimesis mediated by kappa opiate receptors (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-15
    Beschreibung: The kappa opioid agonists are analgesics that seem to be free of undesired morphine-like effects. Their dysphoric actions observed with the kappa agonist cyclazocine are thought to be mediated by an action at sigma-phencyclidine receptors. The benzomorphan kappa agonist MR 2033 is inactive at sigma-phencyclidine receptors. In male subjects, the opiate-active (-)-isomer, but not the (+)-isomer, elicited dose-dependent dysphoric and psychotomimetic effects that were antagonized by naloxone. Thus, kappa opiate receptors seem to mediate psychotomimetic effects. In view of the euphorigenic properties of mu agonists, our results imply the existence of opposed opioid systems affecting emotional and perceptual experiences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pfeiffer, A -- Brantl, V -- Herz, A -- Emrich, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):774-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3016896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Anxiety ; Benzomorphans/adverse effects/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morphinans/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Personality Tests ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects/*physiology ; Receptors, Opioid, kappa
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 75
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    Two magnetoreception pathways in a migratory salamander (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-15
    Beschreibung: Male eastern red-spotted newts (Notophthalmus viridescens) under controlled laboratory conditions exhibit unimodal magnetic compass orientation either in a trained compass direction or in the direction of their home pond. If the vertical component of the magnetic field is inverted, newts exhibiting the simple-compass response undergo a 180 degree reversal in orientation, whereas newts orienting in the home direction are unaffected by this treatment. These results indicate that newts use an axial compass mechanism for simple-compass orientation similar to that found in migrating birds. However, a distinct magnetoreception pathway with polar response properties is involved in homing and is possibly linked in some way to the navigational map.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Phillips, J B -- 5T32MHI5793/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-19089/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):765-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Locomotion ; *Magnetics ; Male ; Salamandridae/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 76
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    Molecular genetics of inherited variation in human color vision (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-11
    Beschreibung: The hypothesis that red-green "color blindness" is caused by alterations in the genes encoding red and green visual pigments has been tested and shown to be correct. Genomic DNA's from 25 males with various red-green color vision deficiencies were analyzed by Southern blot hybridization with the cloned red and green pigment genes as probes. The observed genotypes appear to result from unequal recombination or gene conversion (or both). Together with chromosome mapping experiments, these data identify each of the cloned human visual pigment genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathans, J -- Piantanida, T P -- Eddy, R L -- Shows, T B -- Hogness, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):203-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3485310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human ; Color ; *Color Perception/physiology ; Color Vision Defects/genetics ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Frequency ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Retinal Pigments/genetics ; X Chromosome
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 77
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    Human T-cell gamma chain genes: organization, diversity, and rearrangement (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-17
    Beschreibung: The human T-cell gamma chain genes have been characterized in an attempt to better understand their role in immune response. These immunoglobulin-like genes are encoded in the genome in variable, joining, and constant segments. The human gamma genes include at least six variable region genes, two joining segments, and two constant-region genes in germline DNA. Variable and joining segments recombine during the development of T cells to form rearranged genes. The diversity of human gamma genes produced by this recombinational mechanism is greater than that produced by the murine genome but is more limited than that of other immunoglobulin-like genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Quertermous, T -- Murre, C -- Dialynas, D -- Duby, A D -- Strominger, J L -- Waldman, T A -- Seidman, J G -- AI-15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM-30241/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- T32-HL-07208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):252-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3079918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin J-Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 78
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    Bioavailability of dioxin in soil from a 2,4,5-T manufacturing site (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-25
    Beschreibung: Dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD) is a highly toxic contaminant produced in the manufacture of phenoxy herbicides. Despite its high TCDD content, soil from a contaminated area associated with a 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) manufacturing site in Newark, New Jersey, did not induce acute toxicity when administered to guinea pigs (the most sensitive species) by gavage. Analysis of liver samples demonstrated low bioavailability of TCDD from this soil. A comparative analysis of soils showed that Soxhlet extraction was necessary for the determination of TCDD on Newark soil, whereas solvent extraction was sufficient for soil from Times Beach, Missouri. The difference in the bioavailability of TCDD from these soils is correlated with TCDD extractability and may be related to the different compositions of the soils.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Umbreit, T H -- Hesse, E J -- Gallo, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*chemical synthesis ; Animals ; Benzofurans/analysis ; Biological Availability ; *Chemical Industry ; Dioxins/analysis/*metabolism ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; New Jersey ; Soil/analysis ; *Soil Pollutants/analysis ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/analysis/*metabolism/toxicity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 79
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    A physiological role of epidermal growth factor in male reproductive function (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-29
    Beschreibung: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the proliferation of various mammalian cells in culture, but its physiological role is not well defined. In mature male mice, large amounts of EGF are produced in the submandibular gland; it is present in the circulation at approximately 5 nanograms of EGF per milliliter of plasma. Sialoadenectomy (removal of the submandibular glands) decreased the amount of circulating EGF to an undetectable level but did not affect the circulating levels of testosterone or follicle-stimulating hormone. The number of mature sperm in the epididymis decreased by as much as 55 percent; the number of spermatids in the testis decreased by 40 to 50 percent; and the number of spermatocytes increased by about 20 percent. Administration of EGF to sialoadenectomized mice restored both the sperm content of the epididymis and the number of spermatids in the testis to normal. Thus, EGF may play a role in male reproductive function by stimulating the meiotic phase of spermatogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsutsumi, O -- Kurachi, H -- Oka, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):975-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3090686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology/*physiology ; Epididymis/drug effects/physiology ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/physiology ; Genitalia, Male/*physiology ; Luteinizing Hormone/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Sexual Maturation ; Sperm Count/drug effects ; Spermatogenesis/drug effects ; Spermatozoa/physiology ; Submandibular Gland/physiology ; Testis/drug effects
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 80
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    Pertussis toxin gene: nucleotide sequence and genetic organization (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-06-06
    Beschreibung: The current pertussis vaccines, although efficacious, in some instances produce undesirable side effects. Molecular engineering of pertussis toxin, the major protective antigen, could provide a safer, new generation of vaccines against whooping cough. As a first critical step in the development of such a vaccine, the complete nucleotide sequence of the pertussis toxin gene was determined and the amino acid sequences of the individual subunits were deduced. All five subunits are coded by closely linked cistrons. A promoter-like structure was found in the 5'-flanking region, suggesting that the toxin is expressed through a polycistronic messenger RNA. The order of the cistrons is S1, S2, S4, S5, and S3. All subunits contain signal peptides of variable length. The calculated molecular weights of the mature subunits are 26,024 for S1, 21,924 for S2, 21,873 for S3, 12,058 for S4, and 11,013 for S5. Subunits S2 and S3 share 70% amino acid homology and 75% nucleotide homology. Subunit S1 contains two regions of eight amino acids homologous to analogous regions in the A subunit of both cholera and Escherichia coli heat labile toxins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Locht, C -- Keith, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1258-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Genes ; Molecular Weight ; *Pertussis Toxin ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 81
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    Visual pigment homologies revealed by DNA hybridization (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-06-06
    Beschreibung: A bovine rhodopsin complementary DNA probe was used to detect homologous visual pigment genes in a variety of species. Under stringent DNA hybridization conditions, genomic DNA from most vertebrate species carried a single homologous fragment. Additional homologies were detected in some vertebrates by reducing the hybridization stringency. Homologous fragments were also detected in DNA isolated from invertebrate species, a unicellular alga, and an archaebacterium; many of these fragments were homologous to a Drosophila opsin probe. These results suggest that photosensory pigments in a wide variety of species arose from a common precursor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, R L -- Wood, C -- Baehr, W -- Applebury, M L -- EY04801/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY07008/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1266-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3010467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Chickens ; Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Drosophila ; Eye Proteins/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plants ; Retinal Pigments/*genetics ; Rhodopsin/genetics ; Rod Opsins ; *Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Sheep
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 82
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    A deletion truncating the gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene is responsible for hypogonadism in the hpg mouse (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-12
    Beschreibung: Hereditary hypogonadism in the hypogonadal (hpg) mouse is caused by a deletional mutation of at least 33.5 kilobases encompassing the distal half of the gene for the common biosynthetic precursor of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH-associated peptide (GAP). The partially deleted gene is transcriptionally active as revealed by in situ hybridization histochemistry of hpg hypothalamic tissue sections, but immunocytochemical analysis failed to show the presence of antigen corresponding to any part of the precursor protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mason, A J -- Hayflick, J S -- Zoeller, R T -- Young, W S 3rd -- Phillips, H S -- Nikolics, K -- Seeburg, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1366-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3024317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain Chemistry ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*genetics ; Histocytochemistry ; Hypogonadism/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 83
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    First success with reverse genetics (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):159-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Genes ; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/*genetics ; Humans ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 84
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    The 1985 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Motulsky, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 10;231(4734):126-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3510453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/therapy ; Cholesterol/blood/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics/therapy ; Lipoproteins/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; *Nobel Prize ; Receptors, LDL/genetics ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 85
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    Amplification and expression of genes associated with multidrug resistance in mammalian cells (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-09
    Beschreibung: In multidrug resistance, which is observed clinically and in tissue culture, cells that are challenged with certain cytotoxic drugs develop resistance not only to the selective agent but also to other, seemingly unrelated, agents. The multidrug-resistant phenotype is associated with DNA sequence amplification and with the overproduction of a number of cytosolic and membrane glycoproteins. The differential amplification and altered expression of at least two related genes, termed multidrug-resistant associated genes has been shown in multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster cells. In multidrug-resistant mouse and human cells, genes homologous to those in Chinese hamster cells are also amplified. The level of expression of these genes varied and did not correlate with their copy number. Furthermore, in Chinese hamster cells, the development of resistance to a single drug and multidrug resistance were closely related, but uncoupled, events. The overexpression of the multidrug-resistant genes was better correlated with the degree of resistance to the selective agent than it was with the extent of multidrug resistance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scotto, K W -- Biedler, J L -- Melera, P W -- CA-08748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-09207/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-28595/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 9;232(4751):751-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2421411" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Colchicine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA/genetics ; Dactinomycin/pharmacology ; Daunorubicin/pharmacology ; *Drug Resistance ; Gene Amplification/*drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects ; Humans ; Lung/cytology/drug effects ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/genetics ; Vincristine/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 86
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    A balanced translocation in mice with a neurological defect (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-24
    Beschreibung: A semisterile male translocation heterozygote [t(2; 14) 1Gso] that exhibited neurological symptoms and an inability to swim (diver) was found among the offspring of male mice treated with triethylenemelamine. All breeding and cytogenetic data showed a complete concordance between translocation heterozygosity and the neurological disorders. Homozygosity for the translocation seemed to be lethal at an early embryonic stage. Despite the distinctive neurologic symptoms, no anatomic or histological defects in either the ear or in the central nervous system were observed. Thus, a balanced chromosomal translocation can produce disease with an inheritance pattern that mimics a single dominant gene defect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rutledge, J C -- Cain, K T -- Cacheiro, N L -- Cornett, C V -- Wright, C G -- Generoso, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):395-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941902" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/*genetics ; Muscular Dystrophies/genetics ; *Translocation, Genetic ; Triethylenemelamine/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 87
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    Amplification of an esterase gene is responsible for insecticide resistance in a California Culex mosquito (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-15
    Beschreibung: An esterase gene from the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus that is responsible for resistance to a variety of organophosphorus (OP) insecticides was cloned in lambda gt11 phage. This gene was used to investigate the genetic mechanism of the high production of the esterase B1 it encodes in OP-resistant Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Tem-R strain) from California. Adults of the Tem-R strain were found to possess at least 250 times more copies of the gene than adults of a susceptible strain (S-Lab). The finding that selection by pesticides may result in the amplification of genes encoding detoxifying enzymes in whole, normally developed, reproducing insects emphasizes the biological importance of this mechanism and opens new areas of investigation in pesticide resistance management.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mouches, C -- Pasteur, N -- Berge, J B -- Hyrien, O -- Raymond, M -- de Saint Vincent, B R -- de Silvestri, M -- Georghiou, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):778-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Culex/drug effects/enzymology/*genetics ; DNA/analysis ; Drug Resistance ; Esterases/*genetics ; *Gene Amplification ; *Genes ; Insecticides/*pharmacology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Organophosphorus Compounds
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 88
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    Regulation by growth hormone of number of chondrocytes containing IGF-I in rat growth plate (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-01
    Beschreibung: Whether growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth by a direct effect at the site of the growth plate or indirectly by increasing the concentration of circulating somatomedins (insulin-like growth factors) has been the subject of controversy. Immunohistochemical methods were used to explore the localization and distribution of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) immunoreactivity in the epiphyseal growth plate of the proximal tibia of male rats. Cells in the proliferative zone of the growth plate of normal rats exhibited a bright immunofluorescence, whereas cells in the germinal and hypertrophic zones stained only weakly. In rats subjected to hypophysectomy, the number of fluorescent cells was markedly reduced. When the hypophysectomized rats were treated with growth hormone, either systemically or at the site of the growth plate, the number of IGF-I-immunoreactive cells in the proliferative zone was increased. The results show that IGF-I is produced in proliferative chondrocytes in the growth plate and that the number of IGF-I-containing cells is directly regulated by growth hormone. These findings suggest that IGF-I has a specific role in the clonal expansion of differentiated chondrocytes and exerts its function locally through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nilsson, A -- Isgaard, J -- Lindahl, A -- Dahlstrom, A -- Skottner, A -- Isaksson, O G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):571-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3523759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Growth Hormone/pharmacology/*physiology ; Growth Plate/*cytology/drug effects/growth & development ; Hypophysectomy ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology/*physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Somatomedins/*physiology ; Tibia
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 89
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    Study estimates higher risk from ethylene oxide exposure (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-01-31
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):448.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Air Pollutants, Occupational/*toxicity ; Animals ; Ethylene Oxide/*toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Risk ; *Teratogens ; United States ; United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 90
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    Transmission of a female sex pheromone thwarted by males in the spider Linyphia litigiosa (Linyphiidae) (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-07-11
    Beschreibung: When a male Sierra dome spider (Linyphia litigiosa) encounters a virgin female that has been sexually mature for 7 to 10 days, he rapidly packs the silk of her web into a tight mass. This behavior hinders evaporation of a male-attractant chemical that such highly receptive females apply to their webs. The male thereby reduces the likelihood that his mating partner will attract rival males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, P J -- 5T32MH15793/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):219-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Copulation/physiology ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*physiology ; Sex Attractants/*physiology ; Spiders/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 91
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    Females' choice of "good genotypes" as mates is promoted by an insect mating system (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-09-12
    Beschreibung: Can animal mating systems result in the choice of mates carrying genotypes that are otherwise favored by natural selection? This question is addressed by studying, in natural populations of Colias butterflies, how the phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) enzyme genotype of males mating Colias females varies with degree of female mate discrimination. Certain PGI genotypes (as predicted from their biochemical properties) have been found previously to have an advantage in diverse fitness-related properties: flight capacity, survivorship, and overall mating success. It is shown here that males of these same genotypes have even greater advantage in remating older, more discriminating females than they do in mating previously unmated, less discriminating females. Assortative mating is not found and thus cannot explain this effect. The mating system of these insects does, at least in this case, result in active female choice of generally favorable male genotypes as mates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watt, W B -- Carter, P A -- Donohue, K -- GM 26758/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1187-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Butterflies/genetics/*physiology ; Courtship ; Female ; Genotype ; Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/physiology ; Lepidoptera/*physiology ; Male ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 92
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    Structure and diversity of the human T-cell receptor beta-chain variable region genes (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-08-22
    Beschreibung: In order to characterize the variability of the expressed human T-cell receptor (TCR) beta-chain repertoire and contrast this variability to the known murine beta-chain repertoire, 15 independent complementary DNA (cDNA) clones containing TCR beta-chain variable region (V beta) genes were isolated from a human tonsil cDNA library. The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of these 15 V beta genes were analyzed together with 7 previously defined sequences. Fifteen different human V beta genes could be identified from 22 independent sequences. By means of DNA hybridization and sequence homology comparisons, it was possible to group these 15 genes into ten distinct V beta subfamilies, each containing from one to seven members. Minimal polymorphism was noted between individuals, except in multimember subfamilies. The amino acid sequences of these genes contain conserved amino acids that are also shared by murine TCR V beta genes and immunoglobulins; no features were found that distinguish human V beta genes from their murine counterparts. Evaluation of secondary structure showed that maximum variability coincides with generally hydrophilic portions of the amino acid sequence, while specific hydrophobic regions were conserved in all V beta genes examined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tillinghast, J P -- Behlke, M A -- Loh, D Y -- 2-T32-AI00112/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):879-83.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Dna ; Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 93
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    CD8+ lymphocytes can control HIV infection in vitro by suppressing virus replication (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-19
    Beschreibung: Lymphocytes bearing the CD8 marker were shown to suppress replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The effect was dose-dependent and most apparent with autologous lymphocytes; it did not appear to be mediated by a cytotoxic response. This suppression of HIV replication could be demonstrated by the addition of CD8+ cells at the initiation of virus production as well as after several weeks of virus replication by cultured cells. The observations suggest a potential approach to therapy in which autologous CD8 lymphocytes could be administered to individuals to inhibit HIV replication and perhaps progression of disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, C M -- Moody, D J -- Stites, D P -- Levy, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1563-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/therapy ; Antigens, Surface ; Cells, Cultured ; HIV/immunology/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; *Virus Replication
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 94
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    The product of the human c-erbB-2 gene: a 185-kilodalton glycoprotein with tyrosine kinase activity (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-06-27
    Beschreibung: Antibodies were raised against a synthetic peptide corresponding to 14 amino acid residues at the COOH-terminus of a protein deduced from the human c-erbB-2 nucleotide sequence. These antibodies immunoprecipitated a 185-kilodalton glycoprotein from MKN-7 adenocarcinoma cells. Incubation of the immunoprecipitates with (gamma-32P)ATP resulted in the phosphorylation of this protein on tyrosine residues. These results indicate that the human c-erbB-2 gene product is the 185-kilodalton glycoprotein that is associated with tyrosine kinase activity. Although the c-erbB-2 protein was predicted to encode a protein very similar to epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, EGF did not stimulate this kinase activity either in vivo or in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akiyama, T -- Sudo, C -- Ogawara, H -- Toyoshima, K -- Yamamoto, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1644-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3012781" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Genes ; Glycoproteins/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Oncogenes ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 95
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    Translocation of protein kinase C activity may mediate hippocampal long-term potentiation (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-07
    Beschreibung: Protein kinase C activity in rat hippocampal membranes and cytosol was determined 1 minute and 1 hour after induction of the synaptic plasticity of long-term potentiation. At 1 hour after long-term potentiation, but not at 1 minute, protein kinase C activity was increased twofold in membranes and decreased proportionately in cytosol, suggesting translocation of the activity. This time-dependent redistribution of enzyme activity was directly related to the persistence of synaptic plasticity, suggesting a novel mechanism regulating the strength of synaptic transmission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akers, R F -- Lovinger, D M -- Colley, P A -- Linden, D J -- Routtenberg, A -- MH25281/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):587-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003904" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Cytosol/enzymology ; Enzyme Activation ; Hippocampus/*enzymology/physiology ; Male ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism/*physiology ; Rats ; Synaptic Membranes/enzymology ; Synaptic Transmission
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 96
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    The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-11-07
    Beschreibung: Dense, focal injections of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated-horseradish peroxidase in the locus coeruleus of rats labeled afferent neurons in unexpectedly few brain regions. Major inputs emanate from only two nuclei--the paragigantocellularis and the prepositus hypoglossi, both in the rostral medulla. The dorsal cap of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus and the spinal intermediate gray are possible minor afferents to locus coeruleus. Other areas reported to project to locus coeruleus (for example, amygdala, nucleus tractus solitarius, and spinal dorsal horn) did not exhibit consistent retrograde labeling. Anterograde tracing and electrophysiologic experiments confirmed the absence of input to locus coeruleus from these areas, which instead terminate in targets adjacent to locus coeruleus. These findings redefine the anatomic organization of the locus coeruleus, and have implications for hypotheses concerning the functions of this noradrenergic brain nucleus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aston-Jones, G -- Ennis, M -- Pieribone, V A -- Nickell, W T -- Shipley, M T -- NS20643/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS22320/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS23348/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 7;234(4777):734-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Afferent Pathways ; Animals ; Efferent Pathways ; Electric Stimulation ; Locus Coeruleus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata/cytology ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/cytology ; Rats ; Spinal Cord/cytology ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 97
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    Specific DNA probe for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-03-21
    Beschreibung: Malaria can be diagnosed either by direct microscopic examination of blood smears, which is time consuming and requires expertise, or by immunological techniques, which are effective but do not distinguish between past and present infections. In this study, a simple procedure was developed for spotting lysed blood from infected patients directly onto nitrocellulose paper and identifying the malaria species on the basis of hybridization of parasite DNA with a species-specific probe. A genomic DNA library of Plasmodium falciparum was screened to detect clones containing DNA sequences that are highly repeated within the parasite genome. Several such clones were further analyzed to identify those that hybridize specifically with P. falciparum DNA but not with DNA from humans, P. vivax, or P. cynomolgi. This technique appears to be sensitive enough to detect 10 picograms of purified P. falciparum DNA (equivalent to 100 parasites) and in field studies is able to detect approximately 40 parasites per microliter of blood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barker, R H Jr -- Suebsaeng, L -- Rooney, W -- Alecrim, G C -- Dourado, H V -- Wirth, D F -- 2 PO1 AI 16305-06/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI 07167/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 21;231(4744):1434-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3513309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cloning, Molecular ; Collodion ; DNA/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Malaria/*diagnosis/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/genetics ; Plasmodium falciparum/*genetics ; Plasmodium vivax/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Separation of large DNA molecules by contour-clamped homogeneous electric fields (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-19
    Beschreibung: Electric fields can be manipulated by a method in which multiple electrodes are arranged along a closed contour and clamped to predetermined electric potentials. This method may be applied to a broad range of problems in the separation of macromolecules by gel electrophoresis. DNA molecules as large as 2 megabases can be well separated with a contour-clamped homogeneous electric field alternating between two orientations 120 degrees apart. The pattern of separation is independent of position in the gel, which is an advantage over previous methods. DNA less than 50 kilobases can be separated without distortion even at high voltage with a nonalternating contour-clamped homogeneous field. Decreased band broadening in DNA less than 200 bases can be achieved with a contour-clamped inhomogeneous field.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chu, G -- Vollrath, D -- Davis, R W -- GM21891-12/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1582-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3538420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): DNA/*isolation & purification ; DNA, Fungal/isolation & purification ; Electricity ; Electrodes ; Electrophoresis/methods ; Molecular Weight ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Electrophoretic separations of large DNA molecules by periodic inversion of the electric field (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-04
    Beschreibung: In gel electrophoresis, nucleic acids and protein-detergent complexes larger than a threshold size all migrate at the same rate. For DNA molecules, this effect can be overcome by the simple procedure of periodically inverting the electric field. Tuning the frequency of the field inversions from 10 to 0.01 hertz, makes it possible to resolve selectively DNA's in the size range 15 to greater than 700 kilobase pairs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carle, G F -- Frank, M -- Olson, M V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):65-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3952500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): DNA/*isolation & purification ; Electrophoresis/methods ; Molecular Weight ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Parvalbumin in most gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing neurons of the rat cerebral cortex (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-02-28
    Beschreibung: gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. In the cerebral cortex, GABA-containing cells represent a subpopulation of interneurons. With semithin frozen sections, it is possible to demonstrate that most GABA neurons in the rat somatosensory cortex contain the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin and that parvalbumin is found virtually only in GABA neurons. Parvalbumin seems to influence the electrical properties and enzymatic machinery to modulate neuronal excitability and activity. The specific role of parvalbumin in GABA-containing cortical cells may be related to controlling the effectiveness of their inhibitory action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Celio, M R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 28;231(4741):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/analysis/*cytology ; Electrophysiology ; Male ; Muscle Proteins/*analysis ; Neurons/*analysis/physiology ; Parvalbumins/*analysis ; Rats ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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